tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-33465159913782396582024-03-28T20:29:39.584-07:00Business Ethics Case AnalysesIndividualism (Friedman's Economic Theory), Utilitarianism, Kantianism, and Virtue Theory Analyses of Business ControversiesHeather Salazarhttp://www.blogger.com/profile/12790559544243831161noreply@blogger.comBlogger681125tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-3346515991378239658.post-66173097720119158912022-12-20T11:52:00.001-08:002022-12-20T11:52:10.158-08:00Elon Musk's Twitter Takeover and Tweets<p><table align="center" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="tr-caption-container" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><tbody><tr><td style="text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/a/AVvXsEjNNX6cSf_HJukg3Q1U1clxmn4GwcBfLK0NcL7jd-D_ASGQ8MA-fSzWhFlR3FHXbeFTcHKNH1itPN4Gne9LDO4GPawGos_w445hoXwbgO-sORAu5tSOWcT_oSJeILMujRabLdmIOqJLHC44nOcuBzL111JhWn_Rpb6Y-lIbYNQU3zzKdgXqRKWvvqWUuw" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><img alt="" data-original-height="266" data-original-width="355" height="240" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/a/AVvXsEjNNX6cSf_HJukg3Q1U1clxmn4GwcBfLK0NcL7jd-D_ASGQ8MA-fSzWhFlR3FHXbeFTcHKNH1itPN4Gne9LDO4GPawGos_w445hoXwbgO-sORAu5tSOWcT_oSJeILMujRabLdmIOqJLHC44nOcuBzL111JhWn_Rpb6Y-lIbYNQU3zzKdgXqRKWvvqWUuw" width="320" /></a></td></tr><tr><td class="tr-caption" style="text-align: center;"><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman", serif; font-size: 12px; text-align: left;"><i>Image of Elon Musk posted in front of the Twitter logo and the<br /> logo of his best-known company Tesla (Ohnsman, Nov.23, 2022).</i></span></td></tr></tbody></table></p><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"></div><p> <b><u><span lang="EN" style="font-family: "Times New Roman",serif; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">Abstract</span></u></b></p><p class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal;"><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman", serif; font-size: 12pt;">Elon
Musk has rapidly grown in popularity and wealth in recent years by investing
and leading in technology, all while being an active presence on social media
platforms by expressing his personal views on cultural topics of debate and
politics. More recently, Musk was moved by many followers to purchase the
social media platform “Twitter”. The deal was finalized on October 27th, 2022
requiring Musk to sell over $4 Billion in his Tesla stock to afford the $44
Billion price tag on Twitter (Isidore, 2022). Since then, Musk has made many
changes to the company including massive layoffs of full-time employees and
moving the company into the private sector with his other businesses. More
recently, in the time leading up to and since the November 8th midterms, Musk
began posting his political views and opinions on his newly acquired social
media platform to sway voters in the direction he was planning on voting in the
midterms. Elon Musk’s actions as CEO of Twitter have become topics of much
ethical debate which I will be addressing in regard to how his actions as CEO
have affected stockholders, employees, and Twitter users as well as a breakdown
of the ethics of this case through lenses of individualism, utilitarianism,
Kantianism, and virtue theory.</span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal;"><b><u><span lang="EN" style="font-family: "Times New Roman",serif; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">Ethics Case Controversy<o:p></o:p></span></u></b></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal;"><span lang="EN" style="font-family: "Times New Roman",serif; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">The
main controversy, in this case, is held between the following two sides. Musk’s
responsibility as CEO of Twitter, a massive mainstream media platform, is to
“project apolitical stances” (Satariano, Nov. 8, 2022). This is typical within
a corporate culture in that high-ranking members of a company do not typically
share their political ideas. CEOs and other high-ranking officers serve in a
role where they are a representation of their companies and must act on behalf
of that organization, which includes remaining neutral on political matters
that could cause a divide among employees or shareholders. By making a
political statement on his platform, Musk made some users turn away from the
network because they saw that the CEO was expressing ideas that went against
their own. In retaliation to his post, many employees of Twitter took to
posting their own political opinions on the platform. This only led to more
controversy within the company as many of the employees who Musk laid off after
coming in were the same employees who took to the platform to speak out against
him (Taylor, Nov. 4, 2022). The other side to arguments surrounding Musk’s
actions is that he has the right as a user on the platform to be able to say
anything he wants as long as his posts remain within Twitter’s user guidelines
(Twitter User Agreement, as accessed on November 27, 2022). The idea that a CEO
should project apolitical stances has always been the case for any business in
the public sector. While Twitter has historically been a publicly traded
company, its new positioning in the private sector makes it so that the CEO,
Musk, has fewer responsibilities in terms of behaving in a way that benefits
shareholders. Another benefit to Musk with taking the company private is that he
no longer has to respond to a board of directors. A board of directors would
normally hold a CEO to certain standards and to the idea that a CEO should
remain “apolitical”. Since Musk does not have the looming threat of being
replaced as CEO, he is able to act on the platform in whatever way he pleases
so long as he still abides by Twitter’s community guidelines. Overall, Musk has
been known to create ethical dilemmas through the management of his companies
in the past due to his words and actions as CEO. Now that he is the CEO of the
social media platform on which he is making questionable statements, though,
the question of whether or not his actions are ethical must be revisited.<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal;"><b><u><span lang="EN" style="font-family: "Times New Roman",serif; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">Stakeholders<o:p></o:p></span></u></b></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal;"><span lang="EN" style="font-family: "Times New Roman",serif; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">The
first place to look to see how Musk’s actions have affected Twitter as a
company is at the stakeholders. Upon purchasing Twitter, Musk made sure that he
paid shareholders a fair market price for the stock. At the time the deal was
made, he offered a per-share price that provided a 38% premium to the company’s
shareholders (Willing, 2022). This proved to be massively beneficial to anyone
holding shares of the company’s stock since before that the company had fallen
massively in stock price and many investors were worried that they might lose
their investments. These same investors were not only offered a price for their
shares 38% above their current standings, but the news caused the price to shoot
up over 30% soon after Musk’s announcement, indirectly allowing the worried
investors an opportunity to sell in case the deal were to fall through. Since
they are not the only investors that have business involvements with the
company though, they are not the only people affected. Some big names affected
by Twitter’s active user rates include Donald Trump, Apple, and Vanguard.
Former President Donald Trump had previously been banned from the site but Musk
reactivated his account on November 19, 2022, allowing him access to the 51.8%
of polled Twitter users who wanted to see him back on the platform that he had
previously used during his presidency to communicate with his large Twitter
audience (Wong, 2022). Apple is another major company that Wong explained was
affected by Musk’s Twitter takeover. Apple has always been the number one
advertiser on Twitter, benefiting Twitter’s stakeholders and the company as a
whole with massive Ad revenues. When Musk took over Twitter and began posting
his personal opinions on the platform, Apple temporarily halted its advertising
on the platform. They have since resumed their Ad campaigns on Twitter which
benefits both parties by generating sales for Apple and keeping advertisers
around on Twitter since many of the company’s other advertisers held concerns
about keeping their advertisements on the platform. Vanguard is a fund
management giant that was proven to be the largest shareholder of Twitter’s
stock as of March 31, 2022, with 10.29% of the company’s shares (Willing, 2022).
They were affected the most, based on pure share volume, by Musk buying out
shares in his acquisition of the company.<o:p></o:p></span></p><p class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal;"><span lang="EN" style="font-family: "Times New Roman",serif; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";"><table align="center" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="tr-caption-container" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><tbody><tr><td style="text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/a/AVvXsEiMC-rcu5OkHZmmlWwdVN3sJqFk4CuU34u6dQjqcZPO-AupxfnRUlIzPdcKnUIjE9XhTY66Eub3yBQg90pvUD9rzAO-Hjf9NT35bgKwyCkDT82paf1lmMmsDlY0RCjKEWDPIFaZUh5VeZ4NV3cZteKKwgAYtQmCz-M8UTytX9QH-tb4qQesk0DAx5rUNw" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><img alt="" data-original-height="294" data-original-width="423" height="222" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/a/AVvXsEiMC-rcu5OkHZmmlWwdVN3sJqFk4CuU34u6dQjqcZPO-AupxfnRUlIzPdcKnUIjE9XhTY66Eub3yBQg90pvUD9rzAO-Hjf9NT35bgKwyCkDT82paf1lmMmsDlY0RCjKEWDPIFaZUh5VeZ4NV3cZteKKwgAYtQmCz-M8UTytX9QH-tb4qQesk0DAx5rUNw" width="320" /></a></td></tr><tr><td class="tr-caption" style="text-align: center;"><i><span lang="EN" style="font-size: 9pt; line-height: 13.8px;">Twitter revenue displayed over time leading into <br /></span><span style="font-size: 9pt;">Musk’s takeover. (Iqbal, as accessed December 6, 2022).</span></i></td></tr></tbody></table></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal;"><b><u><span lang="EN" style="font-family: "Times New Roman",serif; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">Individualism<o:p></o:p></span></u></b></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal;"><span lang="EN" style="font-family: "Times New Roman",serif; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">Individualism
is an economic theory developed by Milton Friedman that states that “there is
one and only one social responsibility of business-to use its resources and
engage in activities designed to increase its profits so long as they… engage
in open and free competition, without deception or fraud” (Friedman, 1962). In
other words, the main purpose of a business is to make a profit, therefore that
should be any company’s most important responsibility and top priority
(Desjardins, 2019). With Musk already being the wealthiest person in the world
with many thanks to his very successfully run businesses, he made clear early
on in the acquisition that he planned on running Twitter under these ideas of
individualism. Since he took the company private, wherefrom he operates a
number of his other businesses, he no longer has to worry about any
interference from a board of directors or shareholders of the company. This
freedom allows him to operate under whichever practices he sees fit as long as
he remains within the legal confines that all businesses must operate under.
The first major action Musk took toward maximizing Twitter’s profits was to lay
off a massive amount of full-time employees as reported by Yu on November 5,
2022. Musk claimed that this was an essential step to making Twitter run more
efficiently because the company had been losing $4 million at the time of his entry.
This is where the ethical problem in this case regarding individualism arose.
While Musk did in fact offer 3 months of severance to everyone that received
the email that they were being laid off, “which is 50% more than legally
required” (Musk, @elonmusk, 2022), he did so with only 1 week’s notice causing
an uproar among those fired (Yu, 2022). The timeline of the layoffs </span><span lang="EN" style="font-family: "Times New Roman",serif; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">became the main concern in question in this case. Although
his actions were justified ethically by the idea of individualism, seeing as he
was acting in the best interest of the company’s profitability, he did so in a
manner that violated the legal limits within which he is bound to operate. Musk
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<p class=MsoNormal><span lang=EN style='font-size:8.0pt;line-height:115%;
font-family:"Times New Roman",serif'>Screenshot of Musk’s Tweet in response
to criticism surrounding massive layoffs.<o:p></o:p></span></p>
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</v:shape><![endif]--><!--[if !vml]--><span style="height: 75px; margin-left: 571px; margin-top: 6464px; mso-ignore: vglayout; position: absolute; width: 933px; z-index: 251660288;"><img alt="Text Box: Screenshot of Musk’s Tweet in response to criticism surrounding massive layoffs." height="30" src="file:///C:/Users/User/AppData/Local/Temp/msohtmlclip1/01/clip_image007.gif" v:shapes="Text_x0020_Box_x0020_2" width="373" /></span><!--[endif]--><span lang="EN" style="font-family: "Times New Roman",serif; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">excusable because he was offering the laid-off employees
greater severance packages than what was legally required of him. This is still
illegal though, raising the question of how ethical his actions were because
mass layoffs on this scale need to be performed with more notice than he
provided the employees regardless of how much severance was being offered
(Taylor, 2022).</span></p><table align="center" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="tr-caption-container" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><tbody><tr><td style="text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/a/AVvXsEhArWEwKpp5aEiLV_K6H2JFARkdb1AmaYujxK96FwMelbOCuD4m6Y2kvoP4x-HZOl8ULXXbLVBEh-kK2bUxDxeRHzoBIN1j909mpDGRZTzdA5ln5hZonzx1EL9XGxO7u70crqdO9iN-Y_cUqUwV6Q5fzQJ3zxvgs3rjNVBW-jF97bMaUeYaJ-lvxoKrwA" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><img alt="" data-original-height="375" data-original-width="546" height="220" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/a/AVvXsEhArWEwKpp5aEiLV_K6H2JFARkdb1AmaYujxK96FwMelbOCuD4m6Y2kvoP4x-HZOl8ULXXbLVBEh-kK2bUxDxeRHzoBIN1j909mpDGRZTzdA5ln5hZonzx1EL9XGxO7u70crqdO9iN-Y_cUqUwV6Q5fzQJ3zxvgs3rjNVBW-jF97bMaUeYaJ-lvxoKrwA" width="320" /></a></td></tr><tr><td class="tr-caption" style="text-align: center;"><i><span lang="EN" style="font-family: "Times New Roman", serif; font-size: 8pt; line-height: 12.2667px;">Screenshot of Musk’s Tweet in response <br />to </span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman", serif; font-size: 8pt;">criticism surrounding massive layoffs.</span></i></td></tr></tbody></table><b><u><span lang="EN" style="font-family: "Times New Roman",serif; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">Utilitarianism</span></u></b><p class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal;"><span lang="EN" style="font-family: "Times New Roman",serif; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">Utilitarianism
is another ethical practice that many businesses adopt and do their best to
stand by. The practice requires a business to address the consequences of its
actions and measure how ethical they are based on the amount of “good” that
action does (Desjardins, 2019). A company under utilitarianism should focus on
maximizing the good that it does and attempt to reach as many people as
possible with its good actions. In the case of Musk within Twitter, his action
of laying off over half of the company’s full-time staff can be seen as
unethical based on the idea of utilitarianism. Normally, a company could try
and make the argument that it is doing good for its shareholders by maximizing
profits and acting under ideas of individualism. Because Musk brought Twitter
private as soon as he took over the company, the actions he takes to generate
profits for the company have no way of benefiting any public shareholders. The
thousands of employees who were left jobless after the massive layoffs,
therefore, outweigh any good these actions might have done for the company. Outside
of the financials associated with the company, it is important to assess the
overall good of Musk’s tweets since becoming CEO. The full effect of these
actions has yet to be weighed by any quantifiable metrics, however, they have
still begun showing through the reactions of many Twitter users. It is also
difficult to determine whether his actions have done more good than bad seeing
as his politically based posts have caused a divide among the platform’s users
(Satariano, 2022). This divide is made up of people who sided with the opinions
Musk posted starting on May 18, 2022, which was later recalled for the November
8, 2022 midterms after he became CEO, and those who disagreed with his
political opinions. Among those who sided with Musk’s tweets was former
president Donald Trump, who was a representative of the Republican party that
Musk had openly sided with in his message on the platform (Wong, 2022). Trump’s
account, under Twitter’s previous management, had been banned due to
disagreements with Twitter’s “User Agreement Policy” (2022). In response, the
side of Twitter that disagreed with Musk’s posts was quick to halt their
activity on the platform out of concern for how their own political views would
be met by the new management. Although it is impossible to make a choice
between which side Musk would have been able to do more good with by
supporting, it is still a clearly unethical action for him to take based on
utilitarianism because the most “good” would have been done to the most people
if he had taken an apolitical stance in the midterm elections as CEO.<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal;"><b><u><span lang="EN" style="font-family: "Times New Roman",serif; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">Kantianism<o:p></o:p></span></u></b></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal;"><span lang="EN" style="font-family: "Times New Roman",serif; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">Immanuel
Kant was a German philosopher who believed that people “should act only
according to those maxims that could be universally accepted and acted on”
(Desjardins, 2019). More simply put, when translated to business ethics, Kant’s
ideas tell us that a business should operate in a manner that respects
everyone. An important distinction within this idea is that while a business
must respect the independent knowledge that customers and other involved
parties have in their decision-making processes, the business also holds a
responsibility to uphold the expectations that these parties have while doing
business with them. An example of this would be the difference between an
online drug retailer posting warnings for a new, possibly harmful drug on their
website and respecting the customer’s ability to decide for themself whether
they should purchase it and keeping the product off of their shelves altogether
out of respect for the customer’s well-being (Salazar, pages 1-13). The
question that Kantianism raises, in this case, is whether Elon Musk as CEO of
Twitter should have acted more respectfully towards the ideas of all users on
his platform. One way to accomplish this would be by abstaining from voicing
his political opinion on how people should vote. Kantianism would argue that
since Musk’s political views are not “universally accepted and acted on”
(Desjardins, 2019. Page 39.), his responsibility as CEO of the company would be
to not post his views because the company would be acting controversially. The
other argument supporting his actions would be similar to the example of a drug
retailer trusting customers to make purchasing decisions independently with the
information presented to them by the company. His actions could have been
ethically justifiable because users of the platform possess enough
individuality and confidence to not need to listen to his opinions on the
platform if they disagree with him.<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal;"><b><u><span lang="EN" style="font-family: "Times New Roman",serif; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">Virtue Theory<o:p></o:p></span></u></b></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal;"><span lang="EN" style="font-family: "Times New Roman",serif; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">Unlike
the previously mentioned ethical theories, virtue theory focuses on the
characteristics of a person to determine the ethics of that person’s “virtues”
(Desjardins, 2019. page 26) instead of looking at actions taken by the company.
Many use a person’s virtues to determine whether a person holds strong
leadership characteristics that will allow them to behave ethically in a
business setting. In order to determine if Musk is capable of leading Twitter
in an ethical manner, his character must be broken down into the biggest
virtues that make him a good leader and see if they outweigh the
characteristics that make him a bad one. Many of Elon Musk’s followers believe
him to be a virtuous character due to the actions he takes with his companies,
specifically SpaceX and Tesla. With these companies, he makes many attempts at
bettering technologies that are key to everyday life for many people. This is a
feat that encompasses meaningfulness, which would help better the case that he
is a virtuous CEO due to the good he is trying to do for a vast number of
people. Another virtue that can be found in the case of Musk posting his
political views on Twitter is his honesty. An honest person can be seen as
virtuous, and Musk’s transparency with his followers when it comes to his tweets
is ethically good since they do not have to worry about being deceived when it
comes to his individual actions or the actions of his companies. Contrary to
Musk’s actions which can be viewed as good and virtuous, those who have shied
away from the platform may find him undisciplined and egoistic. These character
traits are considered to be common in unethical behaviors as shown by
Desjardins, 2019, page 26. The continual posting of his personal ideas and
political standings after taking over the mantle of CEO demonstrates his
undisciplined nature. His egoistic behavior can also be seen in these Tweets
where he has commonly boasted about his personal achievements and even went so
far as to poke fun at other users on the platform (Cassidy, 2022). <b><o:p></o:p></b></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal;"><b><u><span lang="EN" style="font-family: "Times New Roman",serif; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">Justified Ethics Evaluation<o:p></o:p></span></u></b></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal;"><span lang="EN" style="font-family: "Times New Roman",serif; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">After
evaluating the case I feel that Musk’s actions while frustrating many Twitter
users, were not unethical. He walks a very thin line as a man who holds so much
wealth and influence in the world between acting ethically and irresponsibly.
By buying Twitter with the intention of running the company better than its
previous owners and promising to loosen restrictions on what users on the
platform would be allowed to share, he was serving Twitter users by providing most
of them with what they had been asking for from the platform. In this case,
where he posted his own political opinions, I think he is demonstrating to the
users that under his management people on Twitter will be able to speak their
minds freely. Although this is unusual behavior coming from a CEO, not just
that of a social media company, I would not go so far as to say that his
actions were unethical. In the article “Elon Musk Puts His Own Politics on
Display on Election Day”, author Satariano focuses on pointing out what Musk
did wrong by voicing his opinions on election day. I think it is still
extremely important, though, to acknowledge that Musk is speaking independently
from the company in his Tweets. All he has done is exercise the freedom of
speech that Twitter is supposed to provide users, therefore not acting
unethically even if it was in the poor taste of some of the platform’s users
and followers.<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal;"><b><u><span lang="EN" style="font-family: "Times New Roman",serif; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">Conclusion<o:p></o:p></span></u></b></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal;"><span lang="EN" style="font-family: "Times New Roman",serif; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">Although
Elon Musk has become the topic of much heated ethical debate since becoming CEO
of Twitter, his actions have become much clearer after evaluating them through
lenses of individualism, utilitarianism, Kantianism, and virtue theory. While
attempting to better the company financially, its users, and stakeholders, Musk
made some personal choices that ended up negatively affecting the actions he
was taking as CEO. So, although his actions as CEO have not been made
unethically, his actions as a Twitter user on the platform have become arguably
unethical due to the consequences they have had on everyone involved with the
social media site.<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal;"><span lang="EN" style="font-family: "Times New Roman",serif; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";"> </span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal;"><span lang="EN" style="font-family: "Times New Roman",serif; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";"> </span></p><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/a/AVvXsEjPEJcbgWHXtzZbfYuXJJjgBNBJh203It2HMy9YksTzmD004harDvmvfMR7eSLOPaLqyzMWzp1QScIaMpHnOlZu_RK3p6FrDJDR-oOZTBNIKB98QFlw0ggH7HTw8fQTAEifkR0LmTbsdvwRHnPIc_vXpTMyYzre214RuAcGGo8HVeZkwXJJlSPHT3jbQw" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img alt="" data-original-height="1627" data-original-width="843" height="1003" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/a/AVvXsEjPEJcbgWHXtzZbfYuXJJjgBNBJh203It2HMy9YksTzmD004harDvmvfMR7eSLOPaLqyzMWzp1QScIaMpHnOlZu_RK3p6FrDJDR-oOZTBNIKB98QFlw0ggH7HTw8fQTAEifkR0LmTbsdvwRHnPIc_vXpTMyYzre214RuAcGGo8HVeZkwXJJlSPHT3jbQw=w518-h1003" width="518" /></a></div><br /><p></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal;"><span lang="EN" style="font-family: "Times New Roman",serif; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";"> </span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal;"><span lang="EN" style="font-family: "Times New Roman",serif; font-size: 9.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">Satariano,
Adam, et al. “Elon Musk Puts His Own Politics on Display on Election Day.” <i>The New York Times</i>, The New York Times,
8 Nov. 2022,</span><span lang="EN"><a href="https://www.nytimes.com/2022/11/08/technology/elon-musk-twitter-elections.html"><span style="color: windowtext; font-family: "Times New Roman", serif; font-size: 9pt; text-decoration-line: none;"> </span></a><a href="https://www.nytimes.com/2022/11/08/technology/elon-musk-twitter-elections.html"><span style="color: windowtext; font-family: "Times New Roman",serif; font-size: 9.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">https://www.nytimes.com/2022/11/08/technology/elon-musk-twitter-elections.html</span></a></span><span lang="EN" style="font-family: "Times New Roman",serif; font-size: 9.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">.<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal;"><span lang="EN" style="font-family: "Times New Roman",serif; font-size: 9.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">Cassidy,
J. (2022, October 28). <i>Beware Elon Musk's
Takeover of Twitter</i>. The New Yorker. Retrieved from</span><span lang="EN"><a href="https://www.newyorker.com/news/our-columnists/beware-elon-musks-takeover-of-twitter"><span style="color: windowtext; font-family: "Times New Roman", serif; font-size: 9pt; text-decoration-line: none;"> </span></a><a href="https://www.newyorker.com/news/our-columnists/beware-elon-musks-takeover-of-twitter"><span style="color: windowtext; font-family: "Times New Roman",serif; font-size: 9.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">https://www.newyorker.com/news/our-columnists/beware-elon-musks-takeover-of-twitter</span></a></span><span lang="EN" style="font-family: "Times New Roman",serif; font-size: 9.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";"><o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal;"><span lang="EN" style="font-family: "Times New Roman",serif; font-size: 9.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">Isidore,
Chris. “Elon Musk Sold Nearly $4 Billion Worth of Tesla Stock since Twitter
Deal Closed | CNN Business.” <i>CNN</i>,
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<p class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal;"><span lang="EN" style="font-family: "Times New Roman",serif; font-size: 9.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">Willing,
Nicole and Medleva, Valerie. <i>Twitter
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<p class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal;"><span lang="EN" style="font-family: "Times New Roman",serif; font-size: 9.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">Twitter
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<p class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal;"><span lang="EN" style="font-family: "Times New Roman",serif; font-size: 9.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">Desjardins,
Joseph (2019). <i>Introduction to business
ethics</i>. MCGRAW-HILL EDUCATION.<o:p></o:p></span></p>
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B. (2022, November 5). <i>Update: Musk
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<p class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal;"><span lang="EN" style="font-family: "Times New Roman",serif; font-size: 9.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">Salazar,
Heather. <i>Kantian Business Ethics</i>.
1-13.<o:p></o:p></span></p>
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Queenie. “Twitter-Musk News Timeline: Musk Lets Trump Back onto Twitter.” <i>CNET</i>, 19 Nov. 2022,</span><span lang="EN"><a href="http://www.cnet.com/news/social-media/twitter-musk-news-timeline-musk-summons-engineers-as-worries-of-twitter-crash-grow/"><span style="color: windowtext; font-family: "Times New Roman", serif; font-size: 9pt; text-decoration-line: none;"> </span></a><a href="http://www.cnet.com/news/social-media/twitter-musk-news-timeline-musk-summons-engineers-as-worries-of-twitter-crash-grow/"><span style="color: windowtext; font-family: "Times New Roman",serif; font-size: 9.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">www.cnet.com/news/social-media/twitter-musk-news-timeline-musk-summons-engineers-as-worries-of-twitter-crash-grow/</span></a></span><span lang="EN" style="font-family: "Times New Roman",serif; font-size: 9.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">.<o:p></o:p></span></p>
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https://www.forbes.com/sites/alanohnsman/2022/11/23/elon-musk-tesla-stock-twitter/?sh=4393b7b96f81</span><span style="font-size: 9.5pt;"> <o:p></o:p></span></p>
<span lang="EN" style="font-family: "Arial",sans-serif; font-size: 9.0pt; line-height: 115%; mso-ansi-language: EN; mso-bidi-language: AR-SA; mso-fareast-font-family: Arial; mso-fareast-language: EN-US;">IQBAL, MANSOOR. “Twitter Revenue and Usage Statistics
(2018).” <i>Business of Apps</i>, 27 Feb. 2019,
www.businessofapps.com/data/twitter-statistics/.</span>Simon Serrahttp://www.blogger.com/profile/10632482546742574680noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-3346515991378239658.post-53624385826490788512022-12-15T21:28:00.001-08:002022-12-15T21:29:15.839-08:00Binance/FTX: The Duality of Man in a Teetering Industry (December 2022)<p> </p><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEix7g5cM_eTlVSLWtwkVnh7Z9sw4n5lVaV4-D-Ch71BYIkRxr32prg9VK1O-58KmOVjxH2nj8S0pGk0T3pml0D-DZpOsR-cimQoI9SWMYFiBxKCOpL1xZpMo2QkR8x_qjG7NFaYYuCF-JN4248MCRIrfdWzDH8dC0icZV501Ak4QHqTv_ww13KeHsN7/s1600/76c148c3-c3d8-4123-82b1-bee748c38869.png" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img border="0" data-original-height="900" data-original-width="1600" height="180" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEix7g5cM_eTlVSLWtwkVnh7Z9sw4n5lVaV4-D-Ch71BYIkRxr32prg9VK1O-58KmOVjxH2nj8S0pGk0T3pml0D-DZpOsR-cimQoI9SWMYFiBxKCOpL1xZpMo2QkR8x_qjG7NFaYYuCF-JN4248MCRIrfdWzDH8dC0icZV501Ak4QHqTv_ww13KeHsN7/s320/76c148c3-c3d8-4123-82b1-bee748c38869.png" width="320" /></a></div><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;">Binance logo (Image from Binance.com) </div><p></p><p dir="ltr" style="line-height: 1.2; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-top: 0pt;"><span style="background-color: transparent; color: #0e101a; font-family: 'Times New Roman'; font-size: 12pt; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal; font-weight: 700; text-decoration: none; vertical-align: baseline; white-space: pre-wrap; white-space: pre;">Abstract</span></p><p dir="ltr" style="line-height: 1.2; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-top: 0pt;"><span style="background-color: transparent; color: #0e101a; font-family: 'Times New Roman'; font-size: 12pt; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal; font-weight: 400; text-decoration: none; vertical-align: baseline; white-space: pre-wrap; white-space: pre;"><span class="Apple-tab-span" style="white-space: pre;"> </span></span><span style="background-color: transparent; color: #0e101a; font-family: 'Times New Roman'; font-size: 12pt; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal; font-weight: 400; text-decoration: none; vertical-align: baseline; white-space: pre-wrap; white-space: pre;">Binance, a cryptocurrency market, tried to bail out FTX, a rival crypto market, </span></p><p dir="ltr" style="line-height: 1.2; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-top: 0pt;"><span style="background-color: transparent; color: #0e101a; font-family: 'Times New Roman'; font-size: 12pt; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal; font-weight: 400; text-decoration: none; vertical-align: baseline; white-space: pre-wrap; white-space: pre;">after FTX was found to be misusing client funds. Binance backed out of the deal </span></p><p dir="ltr" style="line-height: 1.2; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-top: 0pt;"><span style="background-color: transparent; color: #0e101a; font-family: 'Times New Roman'; font-size: 12pt; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal; font-weight: 400; text-decoration: none; vertical-align: baseline; white-space: pre-wrap; white-space: pre;">after realizing how unethical FTX had been to its customers. This caused a big </span></p><p dir="ltr" style="line-height: 1.2; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-top: 0pt;"><span style="background-color: transparent; color: #0e101a; font-family: 'Times New Roman'; font-size: 12pt; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal; font-weight: 400; text-decoration: none; vertical-align: baseline; white-space: pre-wrap; white-space: pre;">crash in the crypto market and sent customers everywhere into a frenzy. FTX </span></p><p dir="ltr" style="line-height: 1.2; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-top: 0pt;"><span style="background-color: transparent; color: #0e101a; font-family: 'Times New Roman'; font-size: 12pt; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal; font-weight: 400; text-decoration: none; vertical-align: baseline; white-space: pre-wrap; white-space: pre;">then filed for bankruptcy as the SEC and DOJ started their investigations into </span></p><p dir="ltr" style="line-height: 1.2; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-top: 0pt;"><span style="background-color: transparent; color: #0e101a; font-family: 'Times New Roman'; font-size: 12pt; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal; font-weight: 400; text-decoration: none; vertical-align: baseline; white-space: pre-wrap; white-space: pre;">the company. The CEO of FTX was arrested, which shined a light on other </span></p><p dir="ltr" style="line-height: 1.2; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-top: 0pt;"><span style="background-color: transparent; color: #0e101a; font-family: 'Times New Roman'; font-size: 12pt; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal; font-weight: 400; text-decoration: none; vertical-align: baseline; white-space: pre-wrap; white-space: pre;">industry heads, specifically the CEO of Binance. Nothing incriminating has </span></p><p dir="ltr" style="line-height: 1.2; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-top: 0pt;"><span style="background-color: transparent; color: #0e101a; font-family: 'Times New Roman'; font-size: 12pt; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal; font-weight: 400; text-decoration: none; vertical-align: baseline; white-space: pre-wrap; white-space: pre;">been found yet, but customers are still untrustworthy and have been </span></p><p dir="ltr" style="line-height: 1.2; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-top: 0pt;"><span style="background-color: transparent; color: #0e101a; font-family: 'Times New Roman'; font-size: 12pt; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal; font-weight: 400; text-decoration: none; vertical-align: baseline; white-space: pre-wrap; white-space: pre;">withdrawing their balances from the marketplace. Binance put a hold on </span></p><p dir="ltr" style="line-height: 1.2; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-top: 0pt;"><span style="background-color: transparent; color: #0e101a; font-family: 'Times New Roman'; font-size: 12pt; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal; font-weight: 400; text-decoration: none; vertical-align: baseline; white-space: pre-wrap; white-space: pre;">withdrawals due to the volume. This has led to further questioning of Binance </span></p><p dir="ltr" style="line-height: 1.2; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-top: 0pt;"><span style="background-color: transparent; color: #0e101a; font-family: 'Times New Roman'; font-size: 12pt; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal; font-weight: 400; text-decoration: none; vertical-align: baseline; white-space: pre-wrap; white-space: pre;">by the public. </span></p><p dir="ltr" style="line-height: 1.2; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-top: 0pt;"><span style="background-color: transparent; color: #0e101a; font-family: 'Times New Roman'; font-size: 12pt; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal; font-weight: 400; text-decoration: none; vertical-align: baseline; white-space: pre-wrap; white-space: pre;"><br /></span></p><p dir="ltr" style="line-height: 1.2; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-top: 0pt;"><span style="background-color: transparent; color: #0e101a; font-family: 'Times New Roman'; font-size: 12pt; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal; font-weight: 700; text-decoration: none; vertical-align: baseline; white-space: pre-wrap; white-space: pre;">Ethics Case Controversy</span></p><p><span id="docs-internal-guid-d544492a-7fff-fb76-0a7b-b178c56c2a80"></span></p><p dir="ltr" style="line-height: 1.2; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-top: 0pt;"><span style="background-color: transparent; color: #0e101a; font-family: 'Times New Roman'; font-size: 12pt; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal; font-weight: 400; text-decoration: none; vertical-align: baseline; white-space: pre-wrap; white-space: pre;"><span class="Apple-tab-span" style="white-space: pre;"> </span></span><span style="background-color: transparent; color: #0e101a; font-family: 'Times New Roman'; font-size: 12pt; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal; font-weight: 400; text-decoration: none; vertical-align: baseline; white-space: pre-wrap; white-space: pre;">Binance is the largest cryptocurrency market in the world. Its platform </span></p><p dir="ltr" style="line-height: 1.2; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-top: 0pt;"><span style="background-color: transparent; color: #0e101a; font-family: 'Times New Roman'; font-size: 12pt; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal; font-weight: 400; text-decoration: none; vertical-align: baseline; white-space: pre-wrap; white-space: pre;">allows users to buy, sell, and trade crypto tokens online and transact and </span></p><p dir="ltr" style="line-height: 1.2; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-top: 0pt;"><span style="background-color: transparent; color: #0e101a; font-family: 'Times New Roman'; font-size: 12pt; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal; font-weight: 400; text-decoration: none; vertical-align: baseline; white-space: pre-wrap; white-space: pre;">earn interest using their tokens. Binance has grown tremendously since </span></p><p dir="ltr" style="line-height: 1.2; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-top: 0pt;"><span style="background-color: transparent; color: #0e101a; font-family: 'Times New Roman'; font-size: 12pt; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal; font-weight: 400; text-decoration: none; vertical-align: baseline; white-space: pre-wrap; white-space: pre;">being founded in 2017, handling a total of “$34.1 trillion in trading last </span></p><p dir="ltr" style="line-height: 1.2; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-top: 0pt;"><span style="background-color: transparent; color: #0e101a; font-family: 'Times New Roman'; font-size: 12pt; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal; font-weight: 400; text-decoration: none; vertical-align: baseline; white-space: pre-wrap; white-space: pre;">year, even while wrangling with regulators.” (Fortune, 2022) </span></p><p dir="ltr" style="line-height: 1.2; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-top: 0pt;"><span style="background-color: transparent; color: #0e101a; font-family: 'Times New Roman'; font-size: 12pt; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal; font-weight: 400; text-decoration: none; vertical-align: baseline; white-space: pre-wrap; white-space: pre;"><span> </span>The man behind the operation is Chinese-Canadian business executive </span></p><p dir="ltr" style="line-height: 1.2; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-top: 0pt;"><span style="background-color: transparent; color: #0e101a; font-family: 'Times New Roman'; font-size: 12pt; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal; font-weight: 400; text-decoration: none; vertical-align: baseline; white-space: pre-wrap; white-space: pre;">Changpeng Zhao. Zhao, a McGill University alumn, was relatively unknown </span></p><p dir="ltr" style="line-height: 1.2; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-top: 0pt;"><span style="background-color: transparent; color: #0e101a; font-family: 'Times New Roman'; font-size: 12pt; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal; font-weight: 400; text-decoration: none; vertical-align: baseline; white-space: pre-wrap; white-space: pre;">before becoming “as rich as Mark Zuckerberg virtually overnight.” </span></p><p dir="ltr" style="line-height: 1.2; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-top: 0pt;"><span style="background-color: transparent; color: #0e101a; font-family: 'Times New Roman'; font-size: 12pt; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal; font-weight: 400; text-decoration: none; vertical-align: baseline; white-space: pre-wrap; white-space: pre;">(Fortune, 2022) He was ranked as high as 30th on the world’s richest person </span></p><p dir="ltr" style="line-height: 1.2; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-top: 0pt;"><span style="background-color: transparent; color: #0e101a; font-family: 'Times New Roman'; font-size: 12pt; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal; font-weight: 400; text-decoration: none; vertical-align: baseline; white-space: pre-wrap; white-space: pre;">list with a net worth of $30 billion, but he has since sunk to 136th with a little </span></p><p dir="ltr" style="line-height: 1.2; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-top: 0pt;"><span style="background-color: transparent; color: #0e101a; font-family: 'Times New Roman'; font-size: 12pt; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal; font-weight: 400; text-decoration: none; vertical-align: baseline; white-space: pre-wrap; white-space: pre;">over 13 billion. </span></p><p dir="ltr" style="line-height: 1.2; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-top: 0pt;"><span style="background-color: transparent; color: #0e101a; font-family: 'Times New Roman'; font-size: 12pt; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal; font-weight: 400; text-decoration: none; vertical-align: baseline; white-space: pre-wrap; white-space: pre;"><span> </span>Binance made headlines on November 6th when it liquidated all of its </span></p><p dir="ltr" style="line-height: 1.2; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-top: 0pt;"><span style="background-color: transparent; color: #0e101a; font-family: 'Times New Roman'; font-size: 12pt; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal; font-weight: 400; text-decoration: none; vertical-align: baseline; white-space: pre-wrap; white-space: pre;">shares of the FTT token, trading platform FTX’s primary token, sending the </span></p><p dir="ltr" style="line-height: 1.2; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-top: 0pt;"><span style="background-color: transparent; color: #0e101a; font-family: 'Times New Roman'; font-size: 12pt; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal; font-weight: 400; text-decoration: none; vertical-align: baseline; white-space: pre-wrap; white-space: pre;">crypto industry into a frenzy. Earlier in the week, on November 2nd, a leaked </span></p><p dir="ltr" style="line-height: 1.2; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-top: 0pt;"><span style="background-color: transparent; color: #0e101a; font-family: 'Times New Roman'; font-size: 12pt; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal; font-weight: 400; text-decoration: none; vertical-align: baseline; white-space: pre-wrap; white-space: pre;">report showed that the token's value might be fabricated, and Zhao wanted to </span></p><p dir="ltr" style="line-height: 1.2; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-top: 0pt;"><span style="background-color: transparent; color: #0e101a; font-family: 'Times New Roman'; font-size: 12pt; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal; font-weight: 400; text-decoration: none; vertical-align: baseline; white-space: pre-wrap; white-space: pre;">get out before losing value. On November 8th Zhao announced that a deal was</span></p><p dir="ltr" style="line-height: 1.2; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-top: 0pt;"><span style="background-color: transparent; color: #0e101a; font-family: 'Times New Roman'; font-size: 12pt; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal; font-weight: 400; text-decoration: none; vertical-align: baseline; white-space: pre-wrap; white-space: pre;"> made to save rival marketplace FTX, “one of the largest exchanges for digital </span></p><p dir="ltr" style="line-height: 1.2; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-top: 0pt;"><span style="background-color: transparent; color: #0e101a; font-family: 'Times New Roman'; font-size: 12pt; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal; font-weight: 400; text-decoration: none; vertical-align: baseline; white-space: pre-wrap; white-space: pre;">currencies, seemingly on the verge of collapse.” (New York Times 2022) It </span></p><p dir="ltr" style="line-height: 1.2; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-top: 0pt;"><span style="background-color: transparent; color: #0e101a; font-family: 'Times New Roman'; font-size: 12pt; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal; font-weight: 400; text-decoration: none; vertical-align: baseline; white-space: pre-wrap; white-space: pre;">appeared as though Zhao and Binance would absorb the second-largest marketplace </span></p><p dir="ltr" style="line-height: 1.2; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-top: 0pt;"><span style="background-color: transparent; color: #0e101a; font-family: 'Times New Roman'; font-size: 12pt; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal; font-weight: 400; text-decoration: none; vertical-align: baseline; white-space: pre-wrap; white-space: pre;">and their biggest rival, FTX, and firmly cement their place at the forefront of the </span></p><p dir="ltr" style="line-height: 1.2; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-top: 0pt;"><span style="background-color: transparent; color: #0e101a; font-family: 'Times New Roman'; font-size: 12pt; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal; font-weight: 400; text-decoration: none; vertical-align: baseline; white-space: pre-wrap; white-space: pre;">crypto industry. However, not even a day had passed before Zhao put out another </span></p><p dir="ltr" style="line-height: 1.2; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-top: 0pt;"><span style="background-color: transparent; color: #0e101a; font-family: 'Times New Roman'; font-size: 12pt; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal; font-weight: 400; text-decoration: none; vertical-align: baseline; white-space: pre-wrap; white-space: pre;">statement explaining that the deal had been scrapped due to how uncomfortable </span></p><p dir="ltr" style="line-height: 1.2; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-top: 0pt;"><span style="background-color: transparent; color: #0e101a; font-family: 'Times New Roman'; font-size: 12pt; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal; font-weight: 400; text-decoration: none; vertical-align: baseline; white-space: pre-wrap; white-space: pre;">Binance was with FTX’s financial reporting and suspected them of misusing clients' </span></p><p dir="ltr" style="line-height: 1.2; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-top: 0pt;"><span style="background-color: transparent; color: #0e101a; font-family: 'Times New Roman'; font-size: 12pt; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal; font-weight: 400; text-decoration: none; vertical-align: baseline; white-space: pre-wrap; white-space: pre;">funds. On November 11th, as Sam Bankman-Fried resigned as CEO of FTX and </span></p><p dir="ltr" style="line-height: 1.2; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-top: 0pt;"><span style="background-color: transparent; color: #0e101a; font-family: 'Times New Roman'; font-size: 12pt; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal; font-weight: 400; text-decoration: none; vertical-align: baseline; white-space: pre-wrap; white-space: pre;">filed for Chapter 11 bankruptcy, Changpeng Zhao spoke to reporters about the </span></p><p dir="ltr" style="line-height: 1.2; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-top: 0pt;"><span style="background-color: transparent; color: #0e101a; font-family: 'Times New Roman'; font-size: 12pt; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal; font-weight: 400; text-decoration: none; vertical-align: baseline; white-space: pre-wrap; white-space: pre;">collapse of his rival and what it meant for the industry as a whole, “It's devastating </span></p><p dir="ltr" style="line-height: 1.2; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-top: 0pt;"><span style="background-color: transparent; color: #0e101a; font-family: 'Times New Roman'; font-size: 12pt; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal; font-weight: 400; text-decoration: none; vertical-align: baseline; white-space: pre-wrap; white-space: pre;">for the industry. A lot of consumer confidence is shaken. We’ve been set back a </span></p><p dir="ltr" style="line-height: 1.2; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-top: 0pt;"><span style="background-color: transparent; color: #0e101a; font-family: 'Times New Roman'; font-size: 12pt; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal; font-weight: 400; text-decoration: none; vertical-align: baseline; white-space: pre-wrap; white-space: pre;">few years.” (CNN, 2022) Zhao compared the collapse of FTX to the 2008 global </span></p><p dir="ltr" style="line-height: 1.2; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-top: 0pt;"><span style="background-color: transparent; color: #0e101a; font-family: 'Times New Roman'; font-size: 12pt; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal; font-weight: 400; text-decoration: none; vertical-align: baseline; white-space: pre-wrap; white-space: pre;">financial crisis, saying that FTX would not be the only player to fall, just the first. </span></p><p dir="ltr" style="line-height: 1.2; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-top: 0pt;"><span style="background-color: transparent; color: #0e101a; font-family: 'Times New Roman'; font-size: 12pt; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal; font-weight: 400; text-decoration: none; vertical-align: baseline; white-space: pre-wrap; white-space: pre;"><span> </span>The controversy went quiet for over a month; it was unclear what would happen </span></p><p dir="ltr" style="line-height: 1.2; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-top: 0pt;"><span style="background-color: transparent; color: #0e101a; font-family: 'Times New Roman'; font-size: 12pt; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal; font-weight: 400; text-decoration: none; vertical-align: baseline; white-space: pre-wrap; white-space: pre;">in the crypto industry or if Sam Bankman-Fried would even be arrested. However, </span></p><p dir="ltr" style="line-height: 1.2; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-top: 0pt;"><span style="background-color: transparent; color: #0e101a; font-family: 'Times New Roman'; font-size: 12pt; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal; font-weight: 400; text-decoration: none; vertical-align: baseline; white-space: pre-wrap; white-space: pre;">on December 12th, “FTX founder Sam Bankman-Fried was arrested by Bahamian </span></p><p dir="ltr" style="line-height: 1.2; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-top: 0pt;"><span style="background-color: transparent; color: #0e101a; font-family: 'Times New Roman'; font-size: 12pt; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal; font-weight: 400; text-decoration: none; vertical-align: baseline; white-space: pre-wrap; white-space: pre;">authorities Monday evening after the United States Attorney for the Southern District </span></p><p dir="ltr" style="line-height: 1.2; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-top: 0pt;"><span style="background-color: transparent; color: #0e101a; font-family: 'Times New Roman'; font-size: 12pt; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal; font-weight: 400; text-decoration: none; vertical-align: baseline; white-space: pre-wrap; white-space: pre;">of New York shared a sealed indictment with the Bahamian government, setting the </span></p><p dir="ltr" style="line-height: 1.2; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-top: 0pt;"><span style="background-color: transparent; color: #0e101a; font-family: 'Times New Roman'; font-size: 12pt; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal; font-weight: 400; text-decoration: none; vertical-align: baseline; white-space: pre-wrap; white-space: pre;">stage for extradition and U.S. trial for the onetime crypto billionaire at the heart of </span></p><p dir="ltr" style="line-height: 1.2; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-top: 0pt;"><span style="background-color: transparent; color: #0e101a; font-family: 'Times New Roman'; font-size: 12pt; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal; font-weight: 400; text-decoration: none; vertical-align: baseline; white-space: pre-wrap; white-space: pre;">the cryptocurrency exchange’s collapse.” (CNBC 2022) This arrest and extradition </span></p><p dir="ltr" style="line-height: 1.2; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-top: 0pt;"><span style="background-color: transparent; color: #0e101a; font-family: 'Times New Roman'; font-size: 12pt; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal; font-weight: 400; text-decoration: none; vertical-align: baseline; white-space: pre-wrap; white-space: pre;">was the first action from The Securities and Exchange Commission and The Department </span></p><p dir="ltr" style="line-height: 1.2; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-top: 0pt;"><span style="background-color: transparent; color: #0e101a; font-family: 'Times New Roman'; font-size: 12pt; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal; font-weight: 400; text-decoration: none; vertical-align: baseline; white-space: pre-wrap; white-space: pre;">of Justice to hold someone accountable for this whole financial catastrophe. This arrest </span></p><p dir="ltr" style="line-height: 1.2; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-top: 0pt;"><span style="background-color: transparent; color: #0e101a; font-family: 'Times New Roman'; font-size: 12pt; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal; font-weight: 400; text-decoration: none; vertical-align: baseline; white-space: pre-wrap; white-space: pre;">led to another withdrawal frenzy, just like the one FTX experienced, but this time it </span></p><p dir="ltr" style="line-height: 1.2; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-top: 0pt;"><span style="background-color: transparent; color: #0e101a; font-family: 'Times New Roman'; font-size: 12pt; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal; font-weight: 400; text-decoration: none; vertical-align: baseline; white-space: pre-wrap; white-space: pre;">was Binance and other smaller crypto marketplaces that were being withdrawn from. </span></p><p dir="ltr" style="line-height: 1.2; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-top: 0pt;"><span style="background-color: transparent; color: #0e101a; font-family: 'Times New Roman'; font-size: 12pt; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal; font-weight: 400; text-decoration: none; vertical-align: baseline; white-space: pre-wrap; white-space: pre;">In the 24 hours following Sam Bankman-Fried’s arrest, “$3 billion in net withdrawals </span></p><p dir="ltr" style="line-height: 1.2; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-top: 0pt;"><span style="background-color: transparent; color: #0e101a; font-family: 'Times New Roman'; font-size: 12pt; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal; font-weight: 400; text-decoration: none; vertical-align: baseline; white-space: pre-wrap; white-space: pre;">flowed out of Binance, according to blockchain analytics firm Nansen.” (Forbes, 2022) </span></p><p dir="ltr" style="line-height: 1.2; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-top: 0pt;"><span style="background-color: transparent; color: #0e101a; font-family: 'Times New Roman'; font-size: 12pt; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal; font-weight: 400; text-decoration: none; vertical-align: baseline; white-space: pre-wrap; white-space: pre;">This rush of withdrawals caused Binance to temporarily halt the withdrawal of USDC, </span></p><p dir="ltr" style="line-height: 1.2; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-top: 0pt;"><span style="background-color: transparent; color: #0e101a; font-family: 'Times New Roman'; font-size: 12pt; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal; font-weight: 400; text-decoration: none; vertical-align: baseline; white-space: pre-wrap; white-space: pre;">a crypto token tied directly to the value of the US dollar. This worried investors at first, </span></p><p dir="ltr" style="line-height: 1.2; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-top: 0pt;"><span style="background-color: transparent; color: #0e101a; font-family: 'Times New Roman'; font-size: 12pt; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal; font-weight: 400; text-decoration: none; vertical-align: baseline; white-space: pre-wrap; white-space: pre;">but Zhao assured everyone through a series of tweets that the halt was a part of a </span></p><p dir="ltr" style="line-height: 1.2; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-top: 0pt;"><span style="background-color: transparent; color: #0e101a; font-family: 'Times New Roman'; font-size: 12pt; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal; font-weight: 400; text-decoration: none; vertical-align: baseline; white-space: pre-wrap; white-space: pre;">“token swap” due to the increase in withdrawals outside of regular banking hours. </span></p><p dir="ltr" style="line-height: 1.2; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-top: 0pt;"><span style="background-color: transparent; color: #0e101a; font-family: 'Times New Roman'; font-size: 12pt; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal; font-weight: 400; text-decoration: none; vertical-align: baseline; white-space: pre-wrap; white-space: pre;">Standard functionality resumed shortly after. In the aftermath of the Sam Bankman-Fried </span></p><p dir="ltr" style="line-height: 1.2; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-top: 0pt;"><span style="background-color: transparent; color: #0e101a; font-family: 'Times New Roman'; font-size: 12pt; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal; font-weight: 400; text-decoration: none; vertical-align: baseline; white-space: pre-wrap; white-space: pre;">Scandal, critics have pressured Zhao to be as transparent about Binance’s financials as </span></p><p dir="ltr" style="line-height: 1.2; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-top: 0pt;"><span style="background-color: transparent; color: #0e101a; font-family: 'Times New Roman'; font-size: 12pt; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal; font-weight: 400; text-decoration: none; vertical-align: baseline; white-space: pre-wrap; white-space: pre;">he has pushed others in the industry to be. Zhao tweeted that liabilities are difficult to </span></p><p dir="ltr" style="line-height: 1.2; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-top: 0pt;"><span style="background-color: transparent; color: #0e101a; font-family: 'Times New Roman'; font-size: 12pt; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal; font-weight: 400; text-decoration: none; vertical-align: baseline; white-space: pre-wrap; white-space: pre;">audit publicly but that Binance does not owe money to anyone. Changpeng Zhao and </span></p><p dir="ltr" style="line-height: 1.2; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-top: 0pt;"><span style="background-color: transparent; color: #0e101a; font-family: 'Times New Roman'; font-size: 12pt; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal; font-weight: 400; text-decoration: none; vertical-align: baseline; white-space: pre-wrap; white-space: pre;">Binance are not being as transparent as consumers would like, especially at a time like </span></p><p dir="ltr" style="line-height: 1.2; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-top: 0pt;"><span style="background-color: transparent; color: #0e101a; font-family: 'Times New Roman'; font-size: 12pt; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal; font-weight: 400; text-decoration: none; vertical-align: baseline; white-space: pre-wrap; white-space: pre;">this, but only time will tell what will happen to them.</span></p><p dir="ltr" style="line-height: 1.2; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-top: 0pt;"><span style="background-color: transparent; color: #0e101a; font-family: 'Times New Roman'; font-size: 12pt; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal; font-weight: 400; text-decoration: none; vertical-align: baseline; white-space: pre-wrap; white-space: pre;"><br /></span></p><p dir="ltr" style="line-height: 1.2; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-top: 0pt;"><span style="background-color: transparent; color: #0e101a; font-family: "Times New Roman"; font-size: 12pt; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal; text-decoration: none; vertical-align: baseline; white-space: pre-wrap;"><b>Timeline</b></span></p><p dir="ltr" style="line-height: 1.2; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-top: 0pt;"><span style="background-color: transparent; color: #0e101a; font-family: "Times New Roman"; font-size: 12pt; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal; text-decoration: none; vertical-align: baseline; white-space: pre-wrap;"></span></p><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"><br /></div><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEhbhwhhfFP0g3cbAAF_CdZWXHWL4NL0yDKSj6R5zdv1b4IWM_BLjeXlhT5fOrqglTfH3aTIZDrumarvUJam1GTinAHCV7gBORdcKJrN0f78IZXZBKfGDEquLv5ukpaki2XfMknCGw-74vd0XXZg3UGnwTVRwjdLH_0Sxcu_1sWEUkTc3C9HKZTtY6OZ/s1024/Minimalist%20Timeline%20Diagram%20Concept%20Map.png" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img border="0" data-original-height="768" data-original-width="1024" height="240" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEhbhwhhfFP0g3cbAAF_CdZWXHWL4NL0yDKSj6R5zdv1b4IWM_BLjeXlhT5fOrqglTfH3aTIZDrumarvUJam1GTinAHCV7gBORdcKJrN0f78IZXZBKfGDEquLv5ukpaki2XfMknCGw-74vd0XXZg3UGnwTVRwjdLH_0Sxcu_1sWEUkTc3C9HKZTtY6OZ/s320/Minimalist%20Timeline%20Diagram%20Concept%20Map.png" width="320" /></a></div><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"><br /></div><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"><br /></div><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"><br /></div><p></p><p dir="ltr" style="line-height: 1.2; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-top: 0pt;"><span style="background-color: transparent; color: #0e101a; font-family: 'Times New Roman'; font-size: 12pt; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal; font-weight: 700; text-decoration: none; vertical-align: baseline; white-space: pre-wrap; white-space: pre;">Stakeholders </span></p><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: left;"><span id="docs-internal-guid-aa29f296-7fff-d6bd-e852-4a64d82459df"><p dir="ltr" style="line-height: 1.2; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-top: 0pt;"><span style="color: #0e101a; font-size: 12pt; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; vertical-align: baseline; white-space: pre-wrap;"><span class="Apple-tab-span" style="white-space: pre;"> </span></span><span style="color: #0e101a; font-size: 12pt; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; vertical-align: baseline; white-space: pre-wrap;">The stakeholders, in this case, include Binance, founder and CEO of Binance: </span></p><p dir="ltr" style="line-height: 1.2; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-top: 0pt;"><span style="color: #0e101a; font-size: 12pt; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; vertical-align: baseline; white-space: pre-wrap;">Changpeng Zhao; FTX, founder and former CEO of FTX: Sam Bankman-Fried; the </span></p><p dir="ltr" style="line-height: 1.2; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-top: 0pt;"><span style="color: #0e101a; font-size: 12pt; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; vertical-align: baseline; white-space: pre-wrap;">Securities and Exchange Commission, The Department of Justice, current and future customers/shareholders, and the general public. Binance would be on top of the </span></p><p dir="ltr" style="line-height: 1.2; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-top: 0pt;"><span style="color: #0e101a; font-size: 12pt; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; vertical-align: baseline; white-space: pre-wrap;">world following this scandal. Their biggest competitor had destroyed themselves, all </span></p><p dir="ltr" style="line-height: 1.2; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-top: 0pt;"><span style="color: #0e101a; font-size: 12pt; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; vertical-align: baseline; white-space: pre-wrap;">they had to do was follow the rules and be transparent, and they would have been set. </span></p><p dir="ltr" style="line-height: 1.2; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-top: 0pt;"><span style="color: #0e101a; font-size: 12pt; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; vertical-align: baseline; white-space: pre-wrap;">However, they made one of the same mistakes they just watched FTX make. </span></p><p dir="ltr" style="line-height: 1.2; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-top: 0pt;"><span style="color: #0e101a; font-size: 12pt; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; vertical-align: baseline; white-space: pre-wrap;">They needed to be more fully transparent with the public. It is not clear what will </span></p><p dir="ltr" style="line-height: 1.2; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-top: 0pt;"><span style="color: #0e101a; font-size: 12pt; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; vertical-align: baseline; white-space: pre-wrap;">happen to Binance in the future, but one thing is for sure, they must regain the </span></p><p dir="ltr" style="line-height: 1.2; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-top: 0pt;"><span style="color: #0e101a; font-size: 12pt; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; vertical-align: baseline; white-space: pre-wrap;">public’s trust. Changpeng Zhao seemed to be a beacon of hope and trustworthiness, </span></p><p dir="ltr" style="line-height: 1.2; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-top: 0pt;"><span style="color: #0e101a; font-size: 12pt; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; vertical-align: baseline; white-space: pre-wrap;">but people are not so sure after his information-withholding tweets about Binance’s </span></p><p dir="ltr" style="line-height: 1.2; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-top: 0pt;"><span style="color: #0e101a; font-size: 12pt; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; vertical-align: baseline; white-space: pre-wrap;">liabilities. Hopefully, he doesn’t follow Sam Bankman-Fried’s path. FTX is all </span></p><p dir="ltr" style="line-height: 1.2; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-top: 0pt;"><span style="color: #0e101a; font-size: 12pt; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; vertical-align: baseline; white-space: pre-wrap;">but dead and buried, they will never be trusted by consumers, and the only course </span></p><p dir="ltr" style="line-height: 1.2; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-top: 0pt;"><span style="color: #0e101a; font-size: 12pt; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; vertical-align: baseline; white-space: pre-wrap;">of action left is for the company to go away forever. Sam Bankman-Fried was a </span></p><p dir="ltr" style="line-height: 1.2; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-top: 0pt;"><span style="color: #0e101a; font-size: 12pt; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; vertical-align: baseline; white-space: pre-wrap;">huge scumbag, not the crypto-guru everyone thought he was. Hopefully, the </span></p><p dir="ltr" style="line-height: 1.2; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-top: 0pt;"><span style="color: #0e101a; font-size: 12pt; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; vertical-align: baseline; white-space: pre-wrap;">Justice Department is harsher with him than they were with the culprits behind </span></p><p dir="ltr" style="line-height: 1.2; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-top: 0pt;"><span style="color: #0e101a; font-size: 12pt; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; vertical-align: baseline; white-space: pre-wrap;">the 2008 financial crisis. The Securities and Exchange Commission has to wake </span></p><p dir="ltr" style="line-height: 1.2; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-top: 0pt;"><span style="color: #0e101a; font-size: 12pt; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; vertical-align: baseline; white-space: pre-wrap;">up and realize how much of a ticking time bomb crypto is a the moment and </span></p><p dir="ltr" style="line-height: 1.2; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-top: 0pt;"><span style="color: #0e101a; font-size: 12pt; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; vertical-align: baseline; white-space: pre-wrap;">adequately regulate it before more scams like this happen. The Department of </span></p><p dir="ltr" style="line-height: 1.2; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-top: 0pt;"><span style="color: #0e101a; font-size: 12pt; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; vertical-align: baseline; white-space: pre-wrap;">Justice has to put the fear of god in the crypto industry and prosecute </span></p><p dir="ltr" style="line-height: 1.2; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-top: 0pt;"><span style="color: #0e101a; font-size: 12pt; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; vertical-align: baseline; white-space: pre-wrap;">Sam Bankman-Fried to the fullest extent of the law. Current/future customers, </span></p><p dir="ltr" style="line-height: 1.2; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-top: 0pt;"><span style="color: #0e101a; font-size: 12pt; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; vertical-align: baseline; white-space: pre-wrap;">shareholders, and the general public have to look at what happened with FTX </span></p><p dir="ltr" style="line-height: 1.2; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-top: 0pt;"><span style="color: #0e101a; font-size: 12pt; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; vertical-align: baseline; white-space: pre-wrap;">and what has already started to get out about Binance and make informed </span></p><p dir="ltr" style="line-height: 1.2; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-top: 0pt;"><span style="color: #0e101a; font-size: 12pt; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; vertical-align: baseline; white-space: pre-wrap;">decisions about whether or not crypto is a wise venture for them. All the </span></p><p dir="ltr" style="line-height: 1.2; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-top: 0pt;"><span style="color: #0e101a; font-size: 12pt; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; vertical-align: baseline; white-space: pre-wrap;">information is laid before them, and they need to put the lust for money on </span></p><p dir="ltr" style="line-height: 1.2; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-top: 0pt;"><span style="color: #0e101a; font-size: 12pt; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; vertical-align: baseline; white-space: pre-wrap;">the back burner and be wise. </span></p><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: left;"><span><br /></span></div><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: left;"><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEgeiY5vHTXcgxSo4kV3qtLT6-5LXYWPZQtpnIki0B7Skz8rjoXbyKBgcDBCn_kAED0MCu8pzwAiLMo9OU8xaShFAiV1sYf6DlR1PCpeNLuORZkKXbk3CDhd91dqDU-5r8MovLc7GEF12GylAGbEWhBZgJQltf6x6u5tlhtFoDpghpoH-yVopdzstCSI/s1200/8192.webp" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img border="0" data-original-height="1200" data-original-width="1200" height="320" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEgeiY5vHTXcgxSo4kV3qtLT6-5LXYWPZQtpnIki0B7Skz8rjoXbyKBgcDBCn_kAED0MCu8pzwAiLMo9OU8xaShFAiV1sYf6DlR1PCpeNLuORZkKXbk3CDhd91dqDU-5r8MovLc7GEF12GylAGbEWhBZgJQltf6x6u5tlhtFoDpghpoH-yVopdzstCSI/s320/8192.webp" width="320" /></a></div><span> </span><span> </span><span> </span><span> </span><span> </span><span> </span><span> </span><span> </span><span> </span><span> </span><span> </span><span>Changpeng Zhao (Image from TheGuardian.com)</span><br /><span><br /></span></div><br /><p dir="ltr" style="line-height: 1.2; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-top: 0pt;"><span style="color: #0e101a; font-size: 12pt; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-weight: 700; vertical-align: baseline; white-space: pre-wrap;">Individualism</span></p><p dir="ltr" style="line-height: 1.2; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-top: 0pt;"><span style="color: #0e101a; font-size: 12pt; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; vertical-align: baseline; white-space: pre-wrap;"><span class="Apple-tab-span" style="white-space: pre;"> </span></span><span style="color: #0e101a; font-size: 12pt; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; vertical-align: baseline; white-space: pre-wrap;">From an individualist perspective, Changpeng Zhao was ethically incorrect. </span></p><p dir="ltr" style="line-height: 1.2; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-top: 0pt;"><span style="color: #0e101a; font-size: 12pt; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; vertical-align: baseline; white-space: pre-wrap;">He tried to sink money into a failing company to bail out his rival and save </span></p><p dir="ltr" style="line-height: 1.2; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-top: 0pt;"><span style="color: #0e101a; font-size: 12pt; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; vertical-align: baseline; white-space: pre-wrap;">people’s investments. This does not line up with the individualist belief that </span></p><p dir="ltr" style="line-height: 1.2; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-top: 0pt;"><span style="color: #0e101a; font-size: 12pt; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; vertical-align: baseline; white-space: pre-wrap;">“Business actions should maximize profits for the owners of a business, but </span></p><p dir="ltr" style="line-height: 1.2; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-top: 0pt;"><span style="color: #0e101a; font-size: 12pt; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; vertical-align: baseline; white-space: pre-wrap;">do so within the law.” (Salazar, 17) Buying out FTX was not a decision that </span></p><p dir="ltr" style="line-height: 1.2; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-top: 0pt;"><span style="color: #0e101a; font-size: 12pt; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; vertical-align: baseline; white-space: pre-wrap;">would maximize profit, and even after backing out of the deal, he still did </span></p><p dir="ltr" style="line-height: 1.2; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-top: 0pt;"><span style="color: #0e101a; font-size: 12pt; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; vertical-align: baseline; white-space: pre-wrap;">nothing to capitalize on the situation. He also would not give up information </span></p><p dir="ltr" style="line-height: 1.2; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-top: 0pt;"><span style="color: #0e101a; font-size: 12pt; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; vertical-align: baseline; white-space: pre-wrap;">about Binance’s financials when asked, which is between lawful and unlawful, </span></p><p dir="ltr" style="line-height: 1.2; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-top: 0pt;"><span style="color: #0e101a; font-size: 12pt; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; vertical-align: baseline; white-space: pre-wrap;">because he is deceptive. He could have offered consumers a transfer deal from </span></p><p dir="ltr" style="line-height: 1.2; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-top: 0pt;"><span style="color: #0e101a; font-size: 12pt; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; vertical-align: baseline; white-space: pre-wrap;">FTX to Binance to bring in new customers and increase profits. He could have </span></p><p dir="ltr" style="line-height: 1.2; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-top: 0pt;"><span style="color: #0e101a; font-size: 12pt; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; vertical-align: baseline; white-space: pre-wrap;">been transparent about finances to guarantee he says within the law. In the eyes </span></p><p dir="ltr" style="line-height: 1.2; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-top: 0pt;"><span style="color: #0e101a; font-size: 12pt; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; vertical-align: baseline; white-space: pre-wrap;">of an individualist, Changpeng Zhao was unethical; he was deceptive and did </span></p><p dir="ltr" style="line-height: 1.2; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-top: 0pt;"><span style="color: #0e101a; font-size: 12pt; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; vertical-align: baseline; white-space: pre-wrap;">not act to maximize profits. </span></p><br /><p dir="ltr" style="line-height: 1.2; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-top: 0pt;"><span style="color: #0e101a; font-size: 12pt; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-weight: 700; vertical-align: baseline; white-space: pre-wrap;">Utilitarianism</span></p><p dir="ltr" style="line-height: 1.2; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-top: 0pt;"><span style="color: #0e101a; font-size: 12pt; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; vertical-align: baseline; white-space: pre-wrap;"><span class="Apple-tab-span" style="white-space: pre;"> </span></span><span style="color: #0e101a; font-size: 12pt; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; vertical-align: baseline; white-space: pre-wrap;">From a utilitarian’s perspective, Changpeng Zhao’s actions were ethically </span></p><p dir="ltr" style="line-height: 1.2; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-top: 0pt;"><span style="color: #0e101a; font-size: 12pt; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; vertical-align: baseline; white-space: pre-wrap;">beneficial and maximized “happiness in the long run for all conscious beings that </span></p><p dir="ltr" style="line-height: 1.2; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-top: 0pt;"><span style="color: #0e101a; font-size: 12pt; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; vertical-align: baseline; white-space: pre-wrap;">are affected by the business action.” (Salazar, 17) Zhao offered to put his bottom </span></p><p dir="ltr" style="line-height: 1.2; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-top: 0pt;"><span style="color: #0e101a; font-size: 12pt; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; vertical-align: baseline; white-space: pre-wrap;">line “on the line” to buy out FTX and help the affected customers. He may have </span></p><p dir="ltr" style="line-height: 1.2; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-top: 0pt;"><span style="color: #0e101a; font-size: 12pt; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; vertical-align: baseline; white-space: pre-wrap;">been motivated by future profit, but his actions were maximizing happiness </span></p><p dir="ltr" style="line-height: 1.2; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-top: 0pt;"><span style="color: #0e101a; font-size: 12pt; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; vertical-align: baseline; white-space: pre-wrap;">nonetheless. Binance’s actions would be lumped in with Zhao’s and seen as </span></p><p dir="ltr" style="line-height: 1.2; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-top: 0pt;"><span style="color: #0e101a; font-size: 12pt; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; vertical-align: baseline; white-space: pre-wrap;">ethically beneficial. FTX’s actions would be seen as unethical. </span></p><p dir="ltr" style="line-height: 1.2; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-top: 0pt;"><span style="color: #0e101a; font-size: 12pt; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; vertical-align: baseline; white-space: pre-wrap;">Sam Bankman-Fried’s actions would be seen as unethical and minimizing happiness. </span></p><p dir="ltr" style="line-height: 1.2; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-top: 0pt;"><span style="color: #0e101a; font-size: 12pt; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; vertical-align: baseline; white-space: pre-wrap;">The SEC and DOJ would maximize happiness for customers/shareholders and </span></p><p dir="ltr" style="line-height: 1.2; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-top: 0pt;"><span style="color: #0e101a; font-size: 12pt; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; vertical-align: baseline; white-space: pre-wrap;">the general public but minimize happiness for FTX, Sam Bankman-Fried, and </span></p><p dir="ltr" style="line-height: 1.2; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-top: 0pt;"><span style="color: #0e101a; font-size: 12pt; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; vertical-align: baseline; white-space: pre-wrap;">arguably the rest of the crypto industry. I believe they would still be viewed as </span></p><p dir="ltr" style="line-height: 1.2; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-top: 0pt;"><span style="color: #0e101a; font-size: 12pt; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; vertical-align: baseline; white-space: pre-wrap;">ethical. The current/future customers, shareholders, and the general public would </span></p><p dir="ltr" style="line-height: 1.2; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-top: 0pt;"><span style="color: #0e101a; font-size: 12pt; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; vertical-align: baseline; white-space: pre-wrap;">come away from the situation feeling net positive about the whole ordeal because </span></p><p dir="ltr" style="line-height: 1.2; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-top: 0pt;"><span style="color: #0e101a; font-size: 12pt; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; vertical-align: baseline; white-space: pre-wrap;">of more awareness and better regulation of the crypto industry.</span></p><p dir="ltr" style="line-height: 1.2; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-top: 0pt;"><span style="color: #0e101a; font-size: 12pt; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; vertical-align: baseline; white-space: pre-wrap;"> </span></p><br /><br /><p dir="ltr" style="line-height: 1.2; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-top: 0pt;"><span style="color: #0e101a; font-size: 12pt; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-weight: 700; vertical-align: baseline; white-space: pre-wrap;">Kantianism</span><span style="color: #0e101a; font-size: 12pt; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-weight: 700; vertical-align: baseline; white-space: pre-wrap;"><span class="Apple-tab-span" style="white-space: pre;"> </span></span></p><p dir="ltr" style="line-height: 1.2; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-top: 0pt;"><span style="color: #0e101a; font-size: 12pt; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; vertical-align: baseline; white-space: pre-wrap;"><span> </span>Kantianism, developed by Immanuel Kant, an 18th-century philosopher </span></p><p dir="ltr" style="line-height: 1.2; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-top: 0pt;"><span style="color: #0e101a; font-size: 12pt; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; vertical-align: baseline; white-space: pre-wrap;">from Prussia, is a philosophy focused on “the moral permissibility of the action, </span></p><p dir="ltr" style="line-height: 1.2; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-top: 0pt;"><span style="color: #0e101a; font-size: 12pt; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; vertical-align: baseline; white-space: pre-wrap;">as well as the moral worth in the motivation of the action.”(Salazar, 21) The </span></p><p dir="ltr" style="line-height: 1.2; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-top: 0pt;"><span style="color: #0e101a; font-size: 12pt; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; vertical-align: baseline; white-space: pre-wrap;">categorical imperative is the central concept of Kantianism, a test used to evaluate </span></p><p dir="ltr" style="line-height: 1.2; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-top: 0pt;"><span style="color: #0e101a; font-size: 12pt; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; vertical-align: baseline; white-space: pre-wrap;">if an action is morally acceptable. The most basic version of the categorical </span></p><p dir="ltr" style="line-height: 1.2; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-top: 0pt;"><span style="color: #0e101a; font-size: 12pt; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; vertical-align: baseline; white-space: pre-wrap;">imperative is the “formulation of humanity,” which states that actions are morally </span></p><p dir="ltr" style="line-height: 1.2; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-top: 0pt;"><span style="color: #0e101a; font-size: 12pt; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; vertical-align: baseline; white-space: pre-wrap;">unacceptable if people are used as a means to an end. A Kantian would view </span></p><p dir="ltr" style="line-height: 1.2; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-top: 0pt;"><span style="color: #0e101a; font-size: 12pt; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; vertical-align: baseline; white-space: pre-wrap;">Changpeng Zhao as ethically correct because he did not use people as a means </span></p><p dir="ltr" style="line-height: 1.2; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-top: 0pt;"><span style="color: #0e101a; font-size: 12pt; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; vertical-align: baseline; white-space: pre-wrap;">to an end. Sure he has not been as transparent as people would like, but as far </span></p><p dir="ltr" style="line-height: 1.2; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-top: 0pt;"><span style="color: #0e101a; font-size: 12pt; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; vertical-align: baseline; white-space: pre-wrap;">as we can tell, he has not been malicious or used people as a means to an end. </span></p><p dir="ltr" style="line-height: 1.2; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-top: 0pt;"><span style="color: #0e101a; font-size: 12pt; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; vertical-align: baseline; white-space: pre-wrap;">A Kantian would have no issue with Changpeng Zhao’s actions and consider </span></p><p dir="ltr" style="line-height: 1.2; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-top: 0pt;"><span style="color: #0e101a; font-size: 12pt; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; vertical-align: baseline; white-space: pre-wrap;">him ethical. </span></p><br /><p dir="ltr" style="line-height: 1.2; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-top: 0pt;"><span style="color: #0e101a; font-size: 12pt; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-weight: 700; vertical-align: baseline; white-space: pre-wrap;">Virtue Theory</span></p><p dir="ltr" style="line-height: 1.2; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-top: 0pt;"><span style="color: #0e101a; font-size: 12pt; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; vertical-align: baseline; white-space: pre-wrap;"><span class="Apple-tab-span" style="white-space: pre;"> </span></span><span style="color: #0e101a; font-size: 12pt; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; vertical-align: baseline; white-space: pre-wrap;">Virtue theory, developed by the Greek philosopher Aristotle, is a philosophical </span></p><p dir="ltr" style="line-height: 1.2; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-top: 0pt;"><span style="color: #0e101a; font-size: 12pt; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; vertical-align: baseline; white-space: pre-wrap;">tool used to determine “a person’s character and assesses whether a person is virtuous </span></p><p dir="ltr" style="line-height: 1.2; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-top: 0pt;"><span style="color: #0e101a; font-size: 12pt; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; vertical-align: baseline; white-space: pre-wrap;">or not. Is the person getting better in life, flourishing, and fulfilling his or her purpose </span></p><p dir="ltr" style="line-height: 1.2; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-top: 0pt;"><span style="color: #0e101a; font-size: 12pt; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; vertical-align: baseline; white-space: pre-wrap;">in life, or not?” (Salazar, 23). Examine the actions of the person in question and </span></p><p dir="ltr" style="line-height: 1.2; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-top: 0pt;"><span style="color: #0e101a; font-size: 12pt; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; vertical-align: baseline; white-space: pre-wrap;">determine if they match up with particular positive ‘virtues’ or harmful ‘vices.’ </span></p><p dir="ltr" style="line-height: 1.2; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-top: 0pt;"><span style="color: #0e101a; font-size: 12pt; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; vertical-align: baseline; white-space: pre-wrap;">This can give you much helpful information about them. There are four main or </span></p><p dir="ltr" style="line-height: 1.2; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-top: 0pt;"><span style="color: #0e101a; font-size: 12pt; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; vertical-align: baseline; white-space: pre-wrap;">‘cardinal’ virtues; courage, temperance, justice/fairness, and honesty. Courage focuses </span></p><p dir="ltr" style="line-height: 1.2; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-top: 0pt;"><span style="color: #0e101a; font-size: 12pt; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; vertical-align: baseline; white-space: pre-wrap;">on standing up for the right things. Changpeng Zhao stood up for the people when </span></p><p dir="ltr" style="line-height: 1.2; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-top: 0pt;"><span style="color: #0e101a; font-size: 12pt; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; vertical-align: baseline; white-space: pre-wrap;">he offered to buy out FTX, so he would be considered virtuous. Temperance focuses </span></p><p dir="ltr" style="line-height: 1.2; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-top: 0pt;"><span style="color: #0e101a; font-size: 12pt; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; vertical-align: baseline; white-space: pre-wrap;">on moderation in action and being realistic. Changpeng Zhao knew it was too risky </span></p><p dir="ltr" style="line-height: 1.2; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-top: 0pt;"><span style="color: #0e101a; font-size: 12pt; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; vertical-align: baseline; white-space: pre-wrap;">to follow through with the buyout and could jeopardize his own company; therefore, </span></p><p dir="ltr" style="line-height: 1.2; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-top: 0pt;"><span style="color: #0e101a; font-size: 12pt; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; vertical-align: baseline; white-space: pre-wrap;">he would be considered virtuous. Justice focuses on suitable products and good practices. </span></p><p dir="ltr" style="line-height: 1.2; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-top: 0pt;"><span style="color: #0e101a; font-size: 12pt; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; vertical-align: baseline; white-space: pre-wrap;">Binance was the most prominent crypto marketplace and offered all the features </span></p><p dir="ltr" style="line-height: 1.2; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-top: 0pt;"><span style="color: #0e101a; font-size: 12pt; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; vertical-align: baseline; white-space: pre-wrap;">a customer could ask for; Zhao would be considered virtuous. Honesty focuses on </span></p><p dir="ltr" style="line-height: 1.2; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-top: 0pt;"><span style="color: #0e101a; font-size: 12pt; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; vertical-align: baseline; white-space: pre-wrap;">being truthful with the general public, your customers, employees, and other </span></p><p dir="ltr" style="line-height: 1.2; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-top: 0pt;"><span style="color: #0e101a; font-size: 12pt; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; vertical-align: baseline; white-space: pre-wrap;">businesses. Changpeng Zhao has not been as open and transparent as the public </span></p><p dir="ltr" style="line-height: 1.2; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-top: 0pt;"><span style="color: #0e101a; font-size: 12pt; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; vertical-align: baseline; white-space: pre-wrap;">would like him to be and would not be considered virtuous. The Virtue Theory </span></p><p dir="ltr" style="line-height: 1.2; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-top: 0pt;"><span style="color: #0e101a; font-size: 12pt; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; vertical-align: baseline; white-space: pre-wrap;">would consider Changpeng Zhao as virtuous overall. </span></p><br /><p dir="ltr" style="line-height: 1.2; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-top: 0pt;"><span style="color: #0e101a; font-size: 12pt; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-weight: 700; vertical-align: baseline; white-space: pre-wrap;">Justified Ethics Evaluation</span></p><p dir="ltr" style="line-height: 1.2; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-top: 0pt;"><span style="color: #0e101a; font-size: 12pt; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; vertical-align: baseline; white-space: pre-wrap;"><span class="Apple-tab-span" style="white-space: pre;"> </span></span><span style="color: #0e101a; font-size: 12pt; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; vertical-align: baseline; white-space: pre-wrap;">After studying the FTX and Binance sides of this case, I am ashamed to have </span></p><p dir="ltr" style="line-height: 1.2; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-top: 0pt;"><span style="color: #0e101a; font-size: 12pt; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; vertical-align: baseline; white-space: pre-wrap;">been so naive when I did my paper on FTX and Sam Bankman-Fried. It is clear </span></p><p dir="ltr" style="line-height: 1.2; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-top: 0pt;"><span style="color: #0e101a; font-size: 12pt; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; vertical-align: baseline; white-space: pre-wrap;">now that he was highly unethical, and I was too scared to condemn him then. </span></p><p dir="ltr" style="line-height: 1.2; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-top: 0pt;"><span style="color: #0e101a; font-size: 12pt; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; vertical-align: baseline; white-space: pre-wrap;">I can’t believe I was against jail time for SBF and the other executives involved. </span></p><p dir="ltr" style="line-height: 1.2; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-top: 0pt;"><span style="color: #0e101a; font-size: 12pt; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; vertical-align: baseline; white-space: pre-wrap;">Regarding Changpeng Zhao, I agree with the ethics evaluation and believe </span></p><p dir="ltr" style="line-height: 1.2; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-top: 0pt;"><span style="color: #0e101a; font-size: 12pt; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; vertical-align: baseline; white-space: pre-wrap;">him to be an ethical person. He is on a slippery slope, though. If he doesn’t </span></p><p dir="ltr" style="line-height: 1.2; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-top: 0pt;"><span style="color: #0e101a; font-size: 12pt; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; vertical-align: baseline; white-space: pre-wrap;">become more transparent and be proactive in conforming to new regulations, he </span></p><p dir="ltr" style="line-height: 1.2; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-top: 0pt;"><span style="color: #0e101a; font-size: 12pt; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; vertical-align: baseline; white-space: pre-wrap;">will get burned as well. Watching this situation unfold in real time as I completed </span></p><p dir="ltr" style="line-height: 1.2; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-top: 0pt;"><span style="color: #0e101a; font-size: 12pt; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; vertical-align: baseline; white-space: pre-wrap;">these reports was unbelievable. I never thought Sam Bankman-Fried would be </span></p><p dir="ltr" style="line-height: 1.2; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-top: 0pt;"><span style="color: #0e101a; font-size: 12pt; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; vertical-align: baseline; white-space: pre-wrap;">brought to justice while I was still working. I hope I am not wrong about </span></p><p dir="ltr" style="line-height: 1.2; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-top: 0pt;"><span style="color: #0e101a; font-size: 12pt; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; vertical-align: baseline; white-space: pre-wrap;">Changpeng Zhao, like I was wrong about SBF. He should be investigated </span></p><p dir="ltr" style="line-height: 1.2; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-top: 0pt;"><span style="color: #0e101a; font-size: 12pt; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; vertical-align: baseline; white-space: pre-wrap;">thoroughly due to his involvement and clean up his act so that consumers </span></p><p dir="ltr" style="line-height: 1.2; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-top: 0pt;"><span style="color: #0e101a; font-size: 12pt; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; vertical-align: baseline; white-space: pre-wrap;">are better protected. I am sure that the proper regulations will be created due </span></p><p dir="ltr" style="line-height: 1.2; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-top: 0pt;"><span style="color: #0e101a; font-size: 12pt; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; vertical-align: baseline; white-space: pre-wrap;">to this fiasco.</span></p><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: left;"><span><br /></span></div><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: left;"><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEhtK73ABt13_VU7tRnkUbWjPjmca_fQYCWDw602CuePWsHr3-gaUyD-Q8oBFq0wfhsAL28QCSe1xBobLXQiGLQJ4CcP_hQnCR-G9prT9Lq5YVzL5wgKM5vt7DRqfRJjgeLb18cBhjWE4Dmv3_sFVbMnfVJT2Hr8S_fJMfR1GyeV3PDowSEH1w0Hh7CC/s800/SBF-ARRESTED-IN-BAHAMAS.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img border="0" data-original-height="500" data-original-width="800" height="200" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEhtK73ABt13_VU7tRnkUbWjPjmca_fQYCWDw602CuePWsHr3-gaUyD-Q8oBFq0wfhsAL28QCSe1xBobLXQiGLQJ4CcP_hQnCR-G9prT9Lq5YVzL5wgKM5vt7DRqfRJjgeLb18cBhjWE4Dmv3_sFVbMnfVJT2Hr8S_fJMfR1GyeV3PDowSEH1w0Hh7CC/s320/SBF-ARRESTED-IN-BAHAMAS.jpg" width="320" /></a></div><span> </span><span> </span><span> </span><span> </span><span> </span><span> </span><span> </span><span> </span><span> </span><span>Sam Bankman-Fried arrested (Image from cryptotimes.io)</span><br /><span><br /></span></div><br /><p dir="ltr" style="line-height: 1.2; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-top: 0pt;"><span style="color: #0e101a; font-size: 12pt; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-weight: 700; vertical-align: baseline; white-space: pre-wrap;">Conclusion</span></p><p dir="ltr" style="line-height: 1.2; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-top: 0pt;"><span style="color: #0e101a; font-size: 12pt; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; vertical-align: baseline; white-space: pre-wrap;"><span class="Apple-tab-span" style="white-space: pre;"> </span></span><span style="color: #0e101a; font-size: 12pt; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; vertical-align: baseline; white-space: pre-wrap;">The public can rest easier tonight knowing there was justice in this case; </span></p><p dir="ltr" style="line-height: 1.2; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-top: 0pt;"><span style="color: #0e101a; font-size: 12pt; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; vertical-align: baseline; white-space: pre-wrap;">Sam Bankman-Fried will be punished for his actions. It is unclear who will join </span></p><p dir="ltr" style="line-height: 1.2; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-top: 0pt;"><span style="color: #0e101a; font-size: 12pt; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; vertical-align: baseline; white-space: pre-wrap;">him or what his punishment will be, but the crypto industry will be better regulated; </span></p><p dir="ltr" style="line-height: 1.2; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-top: 0pt;"><span style="color: #0e101a; font-size: 12pt; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; vertical-align: baseline; white-space: pre-wrap;">as a result, further protecting future customers. Unfortunately, only some people are </span></p><p dir="ltr" style="line-height: 1.2; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-top: 0pt;"><span style="color: #0e101a; font-size: 12pt; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; vertical-align: baseline; white-space: pre-wrap;">walking away from this scandal better off than before, but there will be correct laws </span></p><p dir="ltr" style="line-height: 1.2; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-top: 0pt;"><span style="color: #0e101a; font-size: 12pt; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; vertical-align: baseline; white-space: pre-wrap;">going forward. As far as we can tell, the head of the crypto industry still standing </span></p><p dir="ltr" style="line-height: 1.2; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-top: 0pt;"><span style="color: #0e101a; font-size: 12pt; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; vertical-align: baseline; white-space: pre-wrap;">is ethical and a much better person than SBF; hopefully, it stays that way.</span></p><p dir="ltr" style="line-height: 1.2; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-top: 0pt;"><span style="color: #0e101a; font-size: 12pt; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; vertical-align: baseline; white-space: pre-wrap;"><br /></span></p><p dir="ltr" style="line-height: 2.4; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-top: 0pt;"><span style="background-color: transparent; color: #0e101a; font-family: 'Times New Roman'; font-size: 12pt; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal; font-weight: 700; text-decoration: none; vertical-align: baseline; white-space: pre-wrap; white-space: pre;">References</span></p><p dir="ltr" style="line-height: 2.4; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-top: 0pt;"><span style="background-color: transparent; color: #0e101a; font-family: 'Times New Roman'; font-size: 9pt; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal; font-weight: 400; text-decoration: none; vertical-align: baseline; white-space: pre-wrap; white-space: pre;">Walt, Vivienne. “He Became as Rich as Mark Zuckerberg Virtually Overnight. How Binance Founder 'C.Z.' Zhao </span></p><p dir="ltr" style="line-height: 2.4; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-top: 0pt;"><span style="background-color: transparent; color: #0e101a; font-family: 'Times New Roman'; font-size: 9pt; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal; font-weight: 400; text-decoration: none; vertical-align: baseline; white-space: pre-wrap; white-space: pre;">Became a $74 Billion Man While Moving Fast and Breaking Things in Crypto.” Fortune, Fortune, 30 Mar. 2022, </span><a href="https://fortune.com/longform/binance-changpeng-cz-zhao-net-worth-crypto-exchange-trading/" style="text-decoration: none;"><span style="-webkit-text-decoration-skip: none; background-color: transparent; color: #1155cc; font-family: 'Times New Roman'; font-size: 9pt; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal; font-weight: 400; text-decoration-skip-ink: none; text-decoration: underline; vertical-align: baseline; white-space: pre-wrap; white-space: pre;">https://fortune.com/longform/binance-changpeng-cz-zhao-net-worth-crypto-exchange-trading/</span></a><span style="background-color: transparent; color: #0e101a; font-family: 'Times New Roman'; font-size: 9pt; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal; font-weight: 400; text-decoration: none; vertical-align: baseline; white-space: pre-wrap; white-space: pre;">.</span></p><p dir="ltr" style="line-height: 2.4; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-top: 0pt;"><span style="background-color: transparent; color: #0e101a; font-family: 'Times New Roman'; font-size: 9pt; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal; font-weight: 400; text-decoration: none; vertical-align: baseline; white-space: pre-wrap; white-space: pre;">Yaffe-bellany, David, and Erin Griffith. “Crypto World Is Rocked as World's Largest Exchange Rescues Rival.” </span></p><p dir="ltr" style="line-height: 2.4; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-top: 0pt;"><span style="background-color: transparent; color: #0e101a; font-family: 'Times New Roman'; font-size: 9pt; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal; font-weight: 400; text-decoration: none; vertical-align: baseline; white-space: pre-wrap; white-space: pre;">The New York Times, The New York Times, 8 Nov. 2022, </span></p><p dir="ltr" style="line-height: 2.4; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-top: 0pt;"><a href="https://www.nytimes.com/2022/11/08/technology/binance-ftx-deal-crypto.html" style="text-decoration: none;"><span style="-webkit-text-decoration-skip: none; background-color: transparent; color: #1155cc; font-family: 'Times New Roman'; font-size: 9pt; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal; font-weight: 400; text-decoration-skip-ink: none; text-decoration: underline; vertical-align: baseline; white-space: pre-wrap; white-space: pre;">https://www.nytimes.com/2022/11/08/technology/binance-ftx-deal-crypto.html</span></a><span style="background-color: transparent; color: #0e101a; font-family: 'Times New Roman'; font-size: 9pt; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal; font-weight: 400; text-decoration: none; vertical-align: baseline; white-space: pre-wrap; white-space: pre;">.</span></p><p dir="ltr" style="line-height: 2.4; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-top: 0pt;"><span style="background-color: transparent; color: #0e101a; font-family: 'Times New Roman'; font-size: 9pt; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal; font-weight: 400; text-decoration: none; vertical-align: baseline; white-space: pre-wrap; white-space: pre;">Egan, Matt. “Crypto CEO Warns His Industry Faces 2008-Style Crisis, Calls Regulator Scrutiny 'a Good Thing' | </span></p><p dir="ltr" style="line-height: 2.4; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-top: 0pt;"><span style="background-color: transparent; color: #0e101a; font-family: 'Times New Roman'; font-size: 9pt; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal; font-weight: 400; text-decoration: none; vertical-align: baseline; white-space: pre-wrap; white-space: pre;">CNN Business.” CNN, Cable News Network, 11 Nov. 2022, </span></p><p dir="ltr" style="line-height: 2.4; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-top: 0pt;"><a href="https://www.cnn.com/2022/11/11/business/cz-crypto-crisis/index.html" style="text-decoration: none;"><span style="-webkit-text-decoration-skip: none; background-color: transparent; color: #1155cc; font-family: 'Times New Roman'; font-size: 9pt; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal; font-weight: 400; text-decoration-skip-ink: none; text-decoration: underline; vertical-align: baseline; white-space: pre-wrap; white-space: pre;">https://www.cnn.com/2022/11/11/business/cz-crypto-crisis/index.html</span></a><span style="background-color: transparent; color: #0e101a; font-family: 'Times New Roman'; font-size: 9pt; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal; font-weight: 400; text-decoration: none; vertical-align: baseline; white-space: pre-wrap; white-space: pre;">.</span></p><p dir="ltr" style="line-height: 2.4; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-top: 0pt;"><span style="background-color: transparent; color: #0e101a; font-family: 'Times New Roman'; font-size: 9pt; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal; font-weight: 400; text-decoration: none; vertical-align: baseline; white-space: pre-wrap; white-space: pre;">MacKenzie Sigalos, Rohan Goswami. “FTX Founder Sam Bankman-Fried Arrested in the Bahamas after </span></p><p dir="ltr" style="line-height: 2.4; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-top: 0pt;"><span style="background-color: transparent; color: #0e101a; font-family: 'Times New Roman'; font-size: 9pt; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal; font-weight: 400; text-decoration: none; vertical-align: baseline; white-space: pre-wrap; white-space: pre;">U.S. Files Criminal Charges.” CNBC, CNBC, 14 Dec. 2022, </span></p><p dir="ltr" style="line-height: 2.4; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-top: 0pt;"><a href="https://www.cnbc.com/2022/12/12/ftx-founder-sam-bankman-fried-arrested-in-the-bahamas-after-us-files-criminal-charges.html" style="text-decoration: none;"><span style="-webkit-text-decoration-skip: none; background-color: transparent; color: #1155cc; font-family: 'Times New Roman'; font-size: 9pt; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal; font-weight: 400; text-decoration-skip-ink: none; text-decoration: underline; vertical-align: baseline; white-space: pre-wrap; white-space: pre;">https://www.cnbc.com/2022/12/12/ftx-founder-sam-bankman-fried-arrested-in-the-bahamas-after-us-files-</span></a></p><p dir="ltr" style="line-height: 2.4; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-top: 0pt;"><a href="https://www.cnbc.com/2022/12/12/ftx-founder-sam-bankman-fried-arrested-in-the-bahamas-after-us-files-criminal-charges.html" style="text-decoration: none;"><span style="-webkit-text-decoration-skip: none; background-color: transparent; color: #1155cc; font-family: 'Times New Roman'; font-size: 9pt; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal; font-weight: 400; text-decoration-skip-ink: none; text-decoration: underline; vertical-align: baseline; white-space: pre-wrap; white-space: pre;">criminal-charges.html</span></a><span style="background-color: transparent; color: #0e101a; font-family: 'Times New Roman'; font-size: 9pt; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal; font-weight: 400; text-decoration: none; vertical-align: baseline; white-space: pre-wrap; white-space: pre;">.</span></p><p dir="ltr" style="line-height: 2.4; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-top: 0pt;"><span style="background-color: transparent; color: #0e101a; font-family: 'Times New Roman'; font-size: 9pt; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal; font-weight: 400; text-decoration: none; vertical-align: baseline; white-space: pre-wrap; white-space: pre;">Ashmore, Dan. “Is Binance in Trouble?” Forbes, Forbes Magazine, 15 Dec. 2022, </span><a href="https://www.forbes.com/advisor/investing/cryptocurrency/binance-crypto-crisis/" style="text-decoration: none;"><span style="-webkit-text-decoration-skip: none; background-color: transparent; color: #1155cc; font-family: 'Times New Roman'; font-size: 9pt; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal; font-weight: 400; text-decoration-skip-ink: none; text-decoration: underline; vertical-align: baseline; white-space: pre-wrap; white-space: pre;">https://www.forbes.com/advisor/investing/cryptocurrency/binance-crypto-crisis/</span></a><span style="background-color: transparent; color: #0e101a; font-family: 'Times New Roman'; font-size: 9pt; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal; font-weight: 400; text-decoration: none; vertical-align: baseline; white-space: pre-wrap; white-space: pre;">.</span></p><p dir="ltr" style="line-height: 2.4; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-top: 0pt;"><span style="background-color: transparent; color: #0e101a; font-family: 'Times New Roman'; font-size: 9pt; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal; font-weight: 400; text-decoration: none; vertical-align: baseline; white-space: pre-wrap; white-space: pre;">“Changpeng Zhao: Tech Chief in the Eye of the Cryptocurrency Storm.” The Guardian, Guardian News </span></p><p dir="ltr" style="line-height: 2.4; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-top: 0pt;"><span style="background-color: transparent; color: #0e101a; font-family: 'Times New Roman'; font-size: 9pt; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal; font-weight: 400; text-decoration: none; vertical-align: baseline; white-space: pre-wrap; white-space: pre;">and Media, 25 June 2022, </span><a href="https://www.theguardian.com/technology/2022/jun/25/changpeng-zhao-tech-chief-in-the-eye-of-the-cryptocurrency-storm" style="text-decoration: none;"><span style="-webkit-text-decoration-skip: none; background-color: transparent; color: #1155cc; font-family: 'Times New Roman'; font-size: 9pt; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal; font-weight: 400; text-decoration-skip-ink: none; text-decoration: underline; vertical-align: baseline; white-space: pre-wrap; white-space: pre;">https://www.theguardian.com/technology/2022/jun/25/changpeng-zhao-tech-</span></a></p><p dir="ltr" style="line-height: 2.4; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-top: 0pt;"><a href="https://www.theguardian.com/technology/2022/jun/25/changpeng-zhao-tech-chief-in-the-eye-of-the-cryptocurrency-storm" style="text-decoration: none;"><span style="-webkit-text-decoration-skip: none; background-color: transparent; color: #1155cc; font-family: 'Times New Roman'; font-size: 9pt; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal; font-weight: 400; text-decoration-skip-ink: none; text-decoration: underline; vertical-align: baseline; white-space: pre-wrap; white-space: pre;">chief-in-the-eye-of-the-cryptocurrency-storm</span></a><span style="background-color: transparent; color: #0e101a; font-family: 'Times New Roman'; font-size: 9pt; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal; font-weight: 400; text-decoration: none; vertical-align: baseline; white-space: pre-wrap; white-space: pre;">.</span></p><p dir="ltr" style="line-height: 2.4; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-top: 0pt;"><span style="background-color: transparent; color: #0e101a; font-family: 'Times New Roman'; font-size: 9pt; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal; font-weight: 400; text-decoration: none; vertical-align: baseline; white-space: pre-wrap; white-space: pre;">“Binance Blog Articles.” Binance Blog, </span><a href="https://www.binance.com/en/blog" style="text-decoration: none;"><span style="-webkit-text-decoration-skip: none; background-color: transparent; color: #1155cc; font-family: 'Times New Roman'; font-size: 9pt; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal; font-weight: 400; text-decoration-skip-ink: none; text-decoration: underline; vertical-align: baseline; white-space: pre-wrap; white-space: pre;">https://www.binance.com/en/blog</span></a><span style="background-color: transparent; color: #0e101a; font-family: 'Times New Roman'; font-size: 9pt; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal; font-weight: 400; text-decoration: none; vertical-align: baseline; white-space: pre-wrap; white-space: pre;">.</span></p><p dir="ltr" style="line-height: 1.2; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-top: 0pt;"><span id="docs-internal-guid-647de513-7fff-5bc9-c58f-2d1cd775bfb1"></span></p><p dir="ltr" style="line-height: 2.4; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-top: 0pt;"><span style="background-color: transparent; color: #0e101a; font-family: 'Times New Roman'; font-size: 9pt; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal; font-weight: 400; text-decoration: none; vertical-align: baseline; white-space: pre-wrap; white-space: pre;">“SBF Arrested in Bahamas, Set to Be Extradited to Us.” The Crypto Times, 13 Dec. 2022, </span></p><p dir="ltr" style="line-height: 2.4; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-top: 0pt;"><a href="https://www.cryptotimes.io/sam-bankman-fried-arrested-in-bahamas-set-to-be-extradited-to-us/" style="text-decoration: none;"><span style="-webkit-text-decoration-skip: none; background-color: transparent; color: #1155cc; font-family: 'Times New Roman'; font-size: 9pt; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal; font-weight: 400; text-decoration-skip-ink: none; text-decoration: underline; vertical-align: baseline; white-space: pre-wrap; white-space: pre;">https://www.cryptotimes.io/sam-bankman-fried-arrested-in-bahamas-set-to-be-extradited-to-us/</span></a><span style="background-color: transparent; color: #0e101a; font-family: 'Times New Roman'; font-size: 9pt; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal; font-weight: 400; text-decoration: none; vertical-align: baseline; white-space: pre-wrap; white-space: pre;">.</span></p><br /></span></div><p dir="ltr" style="line-height: 1.2; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-top: 0pt;"><span style="background-color: transparent; color: #0e101a; font-family: "Times New Roman"; font-size: 12pt; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal; text-decoration: none; vertical-align: baseline; white-space: pre-wrap;"></span></p><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"><br /></div><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"><br /></div><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"><br /></div><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"><br /></div><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"><br /></div><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"><br /></div><div class="separator" dir="rtl" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"><br /></div><br /><b><br /></b><p></p>Steven McKennahttp://www.blogger.com/profile/03794563138666610290noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-3346515991378239658.post-71780019732533615032022-12-11T15:28:00.000-08:002022-12-11T15:28:16.297-08:00TikTok: Revealing Fake Information to Viewers- Politics (2020-2022)<span id="docs-internal-guid-a9fa6dc8-7fff-0eca-ae3b-77fcbf095dd6"><p dir="ltr" style="line-height: 1.2; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-top: 0pt; text-align: center;"><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman"; font-size: 12pt; text-align: left; white-space: pre-wrap;"> </span></p><p dir="ltr" style="line-height: 1.2; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-top: 0pt;"><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman"; font-size: 12pt; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-weight: 700; vertical-align: baseline; white-space: pre-wrap;">ABSTRACT</span></p><p dir="ltr" style="line-height: 1.2; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-top: 0pt;"><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman"; font-size: 12pt; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; vertical-align: baseline; white-space: pre-wrap;"> </span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman"; font-size: 12pt; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; vertical-align: baseline; white-space: pre-wrap;"><span class="Apple-tab-span" style="white-space: pre;"> </span></span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman"; font-size: 12pt; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; vertical-align: baseline; white-space: pre-wrap;">TikTok, a video-sharing app, has been publicly exposed for having videos that could potentially skew people’s opinions in the political election. TikTok has updated their system to catch search terms relating to the election and has taken steps to partner with others in the industry and experts to help limit the spread of these posts. TikTok created new verification and partnered with fact checkers to make sure the content in these posts is accurate. Four ethical theories are discussed when evaluating this case. An individualistic view would agree with the actions of TikTok as they were operating within the law and increasing their profits in doing so. A Utilitarian view would agree with the fact that TikTok is taking measures to limit the spread of misinformation, but also disagree with the fact that the people are becoming unhappy with the posts on this platform. A Kantian view would agree with TikTok because they took actions to do what was right, which was finding a way to stop the spread of misinformation on the app and abided by the Formula of Humanity. Virtue Theory would disagree as TikTok had a lack of trust, good intention, and honesty in their platform. I believe that TikTok completed all the actions they needed to make sure this platform wasn’t a place for users to view false information about the election.</span></p><br /><br /><br /><br /><br /><br /><p dir="ltr" style="line-height: 1.2; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-top: 0pt; text-align: center;"><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman"; font-size: 12pt; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; vertical-align: baseline; white-space: pre-wrap;"><span style="border: none; display: inline-block; height: 591px; overflow: hidden; width: 236px;"><img height="591" src="https://lh4.googleusercontent.com/MzAmmCCkTRfdDP1sWv_kzVKqBhcLm_sELGmbJnBTdgYGcxot5kcphZ3lREU3KxeZBFrq1_fAOGGhpKngg5q1z_RKyirbJEwv7ofhsdIjDnDwEc-w14GHcWg6oKLfpkcRmLmZLAr79uGrKAjXMw_I5O853e-72SvX2kaTinS2iSa64N6BXpEjqLoHKVMVUw" style="margin-left: 0px; margin-top: 0px;" width="236" /></span></span></p><br /><br /><p dir="ltr" style="line-height: 1.2; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-top: 0pt;"><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman"; font-size: 12pt; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-weight: 700; vertical-align: baseline; white-space: pre-wrap;">ETHICS CASE CONTROVERSY</span></p><p dir="ltr" style="line-height: 1.2; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-top: 0pt;"><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman"; font-size: 12pt; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; vertical-align: baseline; white-space: pre-wrap;"> </span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman"; font-size: 12pt; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; vertical-align: baseline; white-space: pre-wrap;"><span class="Apple-tab-span" style="white-space: pre;"> </span></span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman"; font-size: 12pt; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; vertical-align: baseline; white-space: pre-wrap;">TikTok has become a place where users are posting information that could have an effect on the election. TikTok has a positive outlook when discussing the issue and the company states, “At TikTok, we take our responsibility to protect the integrity of our platform- particularly around elections- with the utmost seriousness” (Han). With this, it is assumed by readers and viewers that they are taking this very seriously and are working diligently to find a solution to stop the spread of misinformation. According to an article by Rebekah Dunne, she describes that 1,057 U.S. residents were asked about their feelings towards social media and search platforms, specifically TikTok. With this research, “Even though TikTok boosted 100 million users towards the end of last year, it is the least trusted, with only 28% of respondents seeing the social platform as trustworthy” (Dunne). This shows that less than half of the respondents said they trusted this platform for the quality of their videos and if the videos were factual. 28% of respondents who trust TikTok is worrisome because that means that there is a good amount of people who watch these videos, and their opinions might be changed based on what they see. This in the end, could influence the election since these viewers are watching videos regarding political figures. In the wall street journal article, </span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman"; font-size: 12pt; font-style: italic; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; vertical-align: baseline; white-space: pre-wrap;">Worries Grow That TikTok Is New Home for Manipulated Video and Photos</span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman"; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; vertical-align: baseline; white-space: pre-wrap;"><span style="font-size: 12pt;">, Tiffany Hsu writes about the misinformation that these videos on TikTok are showing. This case started in 2020 during the election season when TikTok and other social media platforms vowed to remove or label harmful manipulated content. In November of 2021 there was a video posted of Kamala Harris, the Vice President, altered to make it seem like she was stating that all people hospitalized with Covid-19 were vaccinated. In the original film she was stating that these people that were sick were unvaccinated, but users of TikTok made her seem like she was telling the public that these people were vaccinated. This could potentially ruin her reputation on social media and affect the results in the election. Another example video discussed in the article was in September of 2022. This video that was posted shows political consultant Roger Stone claiming on Telegram that footage showed him calling for violence ahead of the 2020 election. Later, CNN aired that this was fraudulent deep fake videos. This could have a major impact on people’s opinions towards Stone. Stone is being portrayed in this video as wanting violence and the timing of this video being posted is very close to the election. Another example video was from October of 2022 regarding Ms. Biden. There were several TikTok videos that, “manipulated video of Ms. Biden promoting White House cancer initiatives at the Philadelphia Eagles’ home field” (Hsu). These videos were viewed tens of thousands of times. In these videos, the sound of the crowd was replaced with loud booing and heckling. Seeing this video spreads a dislike for Ms. Biden across the country. In October of 2022 two videos were posted that also could have had an effect on the election. The first video being President Biden portrayed to be singing “Baby Shark” instead of the National Anthem. The next video was a video where the White </span><table cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="tr-caption-container" style="float: right; font-size: 12pt;"><tbody><tr><td style="text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEi80PnWvJ8YMkPvlIkwDZiZQZneRFu7CQndg4Y9G3BKnCriNWdu52LagketQeXwwkswdruT20TX9AV8UatAg7MHLZf7-3m-8DWic0V90jweA6HtxfJtJq1Q-SHuy0rpk5rNn26mEMMDLhhavCW6MCIy5PrJV1vh-31pC---siO9y7vaeicNCHqnFiS4Dw/s893/IMG_6172%20(1).jpeg" imageanchor="1" style="clear: right; margin-bottom: 1em; margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><img border="0" data-original-height="893" data-original-width="506" height="320" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEi80PnWvJ8YMkPvlIkwDZiZQZneRFu7CQndg4Y9G3BKnCriNWdu52LagketQeXwwkswdruT20TX9AV8UatAg7MHLZf7-3m-8DWic0V90jweA6HtxfJtJq1Q-SHuy0rpk5rNn26mEMMDLhhavCW6MCIy5PrJV1vh-31pC---siO9y7vaeicNCHqnFiS4Dw/s320/IMG_6172%20(1).jpeg" width="181" /></a></td></tr><tr><td class="tr-caption" style="text-align: center;"><span style="font-size: x-small;">President Biden singing baby shark</span></td></tr></tbody></table><br /><br /><span style="font-size: 12pt;">House press secretary Karine Jean-Pierre was edited to imply she was ignoring a question from a Fox News reporter. With these examples and many more that are out there on social media there is a need for this to be stopped. This is affecting and changing people’s opinions on political measures. Personally, I know when I see a video my first instinct is to not think it is fake. However, seeing videos that involve politics for sure makes me question what I am watching. People started to question these videos and it became such a big deal that researchers wanted to learn more about this app. This research team was from a corporate accountability advocacy group called SumOfUs. This group wanted to test TikTok’s algorithm, so they created an account on this app. They started by searching for the 20 most widely watched videos that showed doubt in the election system. The article stated that, “Within an hour, the algorithm had switched from serving neutral content to pushing more election disinformation, polarizing content, far right extremism, QAnon conspiracy theories and false Covid-19 narratives, the researchers found” (Hsu). TikTok’s response to this was to remove the content and inform the public that they updated their system to catch the search terms used to find these specific videos. These videos violated TikTok’s guidelines, it was just a matter of how to figure out a way to stop this from happening. In closing of the article, it was stated that TikTok had removed all the videos that were reported by The New York Times that went against its policies that “mislead users by distorting the truth of events and cause significant harm to the subject of the video, other persons or society” (Hsu). TikTok took the measures they needed to in dealing with these videos. TikTok stated on their page that they were updating their policies for political accounts. One way to limit these posts was to verify accounts when they are created. Verification is now mandatory for accounts that belong to “governments, politicians, and political parties through midterm elections” (Chandlee). These accounts that belong to politicians and political parties will also have their access to advertising denied which will help TikTok more consistently enforce their policy. A statement from TikTok that caught my eye when thinking of how hard working this company is included, “By prohibiting campaign fundraising and limiting access to our monetization features and verifying accounts, we’re aiming to strike a balance between enabling people to discuss the issues that are relevant to their lives while also protecting the creating, entertaining platform that our community wants” (Chandlee). I believe that TikTok is being very smart in the way they are approaching this issue. They are making sure that their platform can be a place for viewers to learn about politics, something that impacts their lives greatly, but at the same time protecting their company from being a place where misinformation occurs. Another step TikTok did in response to these videos was partnering with experts and fact-checkers to check how accurate the videos being posted are. They also worked in limiting the feed that contained unsubstantial content (Morse). They stated that with these experts it was important that they helped “improve our overall approach to platform integrity, from policies to enforcement strategies to product experiences…” (Morse). These fact checkers assess the accuracy of content in more than 30 languages. TikTok explains that for precaution while this content is being checked it is ineligible for recommendation into For You feeds. This means that it will not show up on viewers' home pages when they are using the app. Throughout political elections TikTok enforces its policies through not allowing, “Paid political advertising, and our Community Guidelines prohibit content including election misinformation, harassment- including that directed towards election workers- hateful behavior, and violent extremism” (Han). This statement from TikTok shows the diligence from their company during the political election.</span></span></p><p dir="ltr" style="line-height: 1.2; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-top: 0pt;"><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman"; font-size: 12pt; font-weight: 700; white-space: pre-wrap;">STAKEHOLDERS</span></p><p dir="ltr" style="line-height: 1.2; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-top: 0pt;"><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman"; font-size: 12pt; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; vertical-align: baseline; white-space: pre-wrap;"> </span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman"; font-size: 12pt; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; vertical-align: baseline; white-space: pre-wrap;"><span class="Apple-tab-span" style="white-space: pre;"> </span></span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman"; font-size: 12pt; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; vertical-align: baseline; white-space: pre-wrap;">The Stakeholders involved with TikTok are TikTok’s 1 billion users across 154 countries, Oracle, Walmart, the U.S. government, the company TikTok Global, TikTok and its technology, and ByteDance (Ruby). <table cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="tr-caption-container" style="float: left;"><tbody><tr><td style="text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEietBuUKuXn50YJO1WsoIIRRF9GY3Styte1KGJ0iF9Az7yzhi-hTnMB_NLsE6PwirWs2HZLFXxBpx4IoLjvbZmaoKghi5MzU7ar4y7udQlhX-nORpujDx20qPZvC9QJwqmJOmWRdc0aIChVe5LXPuNmQQD5zrgrffYyPZ7A9VJVh9LcKsxn7xTVLxinXQ/s281/Tiktok%20pic%201.jpeg" imageanchor="1" style="clear: left; margin-bottom: 1em; margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><img border="0" data-original-height="179" data-original-width="281" height="179" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEietBuUKuXn50YJO1WsoIIRRF9GY3Styte1KGJ0iF9Az7yzhi-hTnMB_NLsE6PwirWs2HZLFXxBpx4IoLjvbZmaoKghi5MzU7ar4y7udQlhX-nORpujDx20qPZvC9QJwqmJOmWRdc0aIChVe5LXPuNmQQD5zrgrffYyPZ7A9VJVh9LcKsxn7xTVLxinXQ/s1600/Tiktok%20pic%201.jpeg" width="281" /></a></td></tr><tr><td class="tr-caption" style="text-align: center;">The owner of TikTok, ByteDance</td></tr></tbody></table><br />ByteDance is a Chinese internet company that owns TikTok. Oracle acquires 12.5% of the company while Walmart has a 7.5% stake in TikTok (Kovach). ByteDance has the majority of stake in the company with an overwhelming 80%. ByteDance made around $58 billion in revenue in 2022. The app was originally launched in 2016 by ByteDance, so ByteDance owns a large part of the company with other companies having little stake in comparison. ByteDance shareholders include American, Chinese, and international investors. About 53% of TikTok’s global shares are owned by American investors and the two companies Oracle and Walmart. Also, the 8,424 employees are stakeholders of the company as they show interest in working (Zippia). Along with employees, any investors that buy stock in TikTok also show great interest in the company. Throughout my paper, some of the political figures who are stakeholders in this case were President Biden, Kamala Harris, Roger Stone, Ms. Biden, and Karine Jean-Pierre. As a result of this case, the public of America are stakeholders because they are greatly affected by the election and its results.</span></p><p dir="ltr" style="line-height: 1.2; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-top: 0pt;"><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman"; font-size: 12pt; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-weight: 700; vertical-align: baseline; white-space: pre-wrap;">INDIVIDUALISM</span></p><p dir="ltr" style="line-height: 1.2; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-top: 0pt; text-indent: 36pt;"><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman"; font-size: 12pt; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; vertical-align: baseline; white-space: pre-wrap;">Individualism, according to Milton Friedman is the idea that the only goal of the business organization is to profit. This means that for an employee of that organization the only obligation they have to the company is to maximize profit for the stockholders and owners and doing this still obeying the law. On the other hand, Tibor Machan had a different view on individualism. His belief towards this was the same as Friedman’s first part but he also included that with keeping in mind that the goal is to profit, employees and workers might have other goals that they are responsible for socially. They can choose to use company resources for social responsibilities if it helps with the overall goal. This is a more free way of individualism and gives the employees, owners, and company a little more freedom with the way they run their organization. Through this company struggle, TikTok abided by the law in their efforts to solve the problem of this spread. Dealing with these videos is shown to not have a negative effect on their profit. From 2020 to 2022 TikTok’s revenue increased from $1.9 billion to $11.64 billion (Ying). Even though they had to spend more of their time focusing on this issue, they were still able to find a way to maximize their profit. If TikTok had not spent their time and efforts on evaluating this issue, they would have not maximized their profits as users wanted to see a change for the better of the app. TikTok cooperated with government and political figures in working to find a way to ensure a safe factual platform for their users. </span></p><p dir="ltr" style="line-height: 1.2; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-top: 0pt;"><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman"; font-size: 12pt; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-weight: 700; vertical-align: baseline; white-space: pre-wrap;">UTILITARIANISM</span></p><p dir="ltr" style="line-height: 1.2; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-top: 0pt; text-indent: 36pt;"><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman"; font-size: 12pt; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; vertical-align: baseline; white-space: pre-wrap;">Utilitarianism is the idea of maximizing happiness in yourself and others. The main goal is to “bring out happiness and pleasure in all beings capable of feeling it” (Salazar). One way a Utilitarian shows their values is making sure that their actions benefit everyone around them. For example, in a workplace this would include making sure one’s actions benefited all the other workers and the company. Employees at TikTok were most affected during this case. They were being pressured to make sure the content being posted was not fake and affecting the election. Their main goal is to make sure that people are viewing videos that are not edited to make people seem like something they aren’t. Throughout the time that these TikTok’s were being created, employees were making sure that TikTok’s automatic system was catching and deleting them as fast as they could to benefit the company and keep them up in running. In return with the company staying up and running because these posts were getting deleted it benefited other employees and the company because everyone got to keep their jobs. Not only were the employees benefiting by keeping their jobs by making sure these videos are being deleted so the company can succeed, but viewers also appreciate when they scroll through their feed and there are no videos relating to political figures being made out to be something that they are not. When viewers see a post that might not be true, and they know it is not true they could easily become very upset and possibly delete the app because of their frustrations. But, in this case with deleting these posts, viewers will be happy because they most likely won’t see posts they don’t want to see. TikTok is an app that creates happiness for viewers as they view videos that make them laugh and smile. This app is addictive for users as many get stuck scrolling for hours and don’t even realize the time that has passed. A Utilitarian would disagree with the way TikTok can manipulate viewers to believe false information because in the end it is not maximizing one’s happiness. Also, TikTok can get in the way of one’s personal health as they are comparing themselves to these people in these various videos.</span></p><p dir="ltr" style="line-height: 1.2; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-top: 0pt;"><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman"; font-size: 12pt; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-weight: 700; vertical-align: baseline; white-space: pre-wrap;">KANTIANISM</span></p><p dir="ltr" style="line-height: 1.2; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-top: 0pt;"><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman"; font-size: 12pt; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; vertical-align: baseline; white-space: pre-wrap;"> </span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman"; font-size: 12pt; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; vertical-align: baseline; white-space: pre-wrap;"><span class="Apple-tab-span" style="white-space: pre;"> </span></span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman"; font-size: 12pt; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; vertical-align: baseline; white-space: pre-wrap;">Kantianism is a theory developed by Immanuel Kant that has four basic principles. These include acting rationally, helping others to make rational decisions, respect others, and be motivated to do what is right because it is right. Under Kantianism, The Formula of Humanity states that “Act in such a way that you treat humanity, whether in your own person or in the person of another, always at the same time as an end and never simply a means” (Kerstein). This formula explains that you should never treat a person merely as something that is valuable to get something else. TikTok continues to put their efforts in steps to eliminate this misinformation without disregarding The Formula of Humanity towards their users and employees. TikTok is motivated to do what is right in this situation and that is to do everything they can do to prevent these videos from spreading. With this ethical theory, Kantians would agree with the actions and steps that TikTok took to make sure these videos that were election focused were being caught before viewers got to see them and make opinions that are not from facts. This is shown when researchers created a TikTok account to test its algorithm. After creating this account, the researchers searched for the 20 most widely watched videos that showed doubt in the election system. In the New York Times article, Hsu stated that, “Within an hour, the algorithm had switched from serving neutral content to pushing more election disinformation, polarizing content, far right extremism…” (Hsu). Kantians would agree with TikTok’s response to this because they stated that they would remove the content that violated its guidelines and would update its system to catch the search terms used to find the videos. TikTok is doing what is right and is motivated to find the best way to catch these videos that users are posting. They are also respecting these viewers because they don’t want their opinions to be made from watching a video that has fake information. TikTok is not using their viewers for their own personal gain, instead they are trying to find a way to solve this problem. This is a very smart action that TikTok performed because not only does this affect the users in the moment by seeing these videos, but if these videos shape their votes in the election, it could very easily affect the results since this browser is such a worldwide prominent social media app. The company is hard to evaluate since they continue to improve their app to catch misinformation, yet there are still posts out there currently that portray misinformation. Because of their efforts, a Kantian would agree with their actions. TikTok has good intentions, and this is something that is very important when considering the Kantian view. TikTok didn’t create their app wanting people to post misinformation and viewers can notice the efforts they are putting in to stop this.</span></p><p dir="ltr" style="line-height: 1.2; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-top: 0pt;"><table align="center" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="tr-caption-container" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><tbody><tr><td style="text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEjmah1nyHDekTUDsyvb8Vd3BVacuc3ACSZoSpIDFSRhnpFbryNgREmvQ5AvkmtDsquzot9R4o8HpGghcwAvm4utrt3iLaUj2i-bCAlRg7WAkHc4INpZkHjGj8W-R5_IjqrB8NyAkLvsRZHIHwOgrMrIsYjahTfaeh7S9fZz2c8ngmdsOqQL8na-edyukw/s1328/chart.png" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><img border="0" data-original-height="1328" data-original-width="1230" height="320" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEjmah1nyHDekTUDsyvb8Vd3BVacuc3ACSZoSpIDFSRhnpFbryNgREmvQ5AvkmtDsquzot9R4o8HpGghcwAvm4utrt3iLaUj2i-bCAlRg7WAkHc4INpZkHjGj8W-R5_IjqrB8NyAkLvsRZHIHwOgrMrIsYjahTfaeh7S9fZz2c8ngmdsOqQL8na-edyukw/s320/chart.png" width="296" /></a></td></tr><tr><td class="tr-caption" style="text-align: center;"><span style="font-size: x-small;">Americans trust/mistrust in TikTok</span></td></tr></tbody></table><br /><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman"; font-size: 12pt; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; vertical-align: baseline; white-space: pre-wrap;"><br /></span></p><p dir="ltr" style="line-height: 1.2; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-top: 0pt;"><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman"; font-size: 12pt; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-weight: 700; vertical-align: baseline; white-space: pre-wrap;">VIRTUE THEORY</span></p><p dir="ltr" style="line-height: 1.2; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-top: 0pt;"><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman"; font-size: 12pt; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; vertical-align: baseline; white-space: pre-wrap;"> </span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman"; font-size: 12pt; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; vertical-align: baseline; white-space: pre-wrap;"><span class="Apple-tab-span" style="white-space: pre;"> </span></span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman"; font-size: 12pt; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; vertical-align: baseline; white-space: pre-wrap;">Virtue theory, developed by Aristotle, describes that rationality is the characteristic that makes one person different from another. Aristotle believes that to live a good life and function strongly throughout one's life people must practice rationality. There are four cardinal virtues to virtue theory that are very important to look at when looking into TikTok as a company. These four include: Courage, temperance, justice/fairness, and honesty. The one intellectual virtue that Aristotle describes in this theory is prudence. Prudence is the ability to look forward at your future self and make good decisions in your current experiences to make sure you become the person you want to be. Aristotle believes that happiness comes from living a flourishing life. This means that you have lived your life to its fullest and have taken in and appreciated everything. The main goal of this theory bases the idea of good upon a specific thing’s characteristics and its purpose. When diving into the TikTok case and the way the employees dealt with it through the Virtue Theory, these employees showed great courage when trying to solve this issue. These employees worked long days and were willing to work hard and do anything they needed to make sure these viewers weren’t watching fake news relating to the election. The business as well showed great courage when dealing with this issue. They worked hard to come up with solutions and battled through the adversity they faced as there were many complaints about the posts on the app. Management at TikTok didn’t do a great job with the treatment of their employees, meaning that the second virtue, fairness, was not met by the company. These employees stated in multiple articles that they were working long hours in toxic environments. Some may say that employees were not being fair in the way they chose the videos to remove, but from the insider it is known that experts are the ones that are the deciding factor. The next virtue, temperance, was not met by the company and employees as employees’ expectations were way too high for their position. In an article it is stated that, “Exhausting hours and sleep deprivation are coming amongst staff, while some employees said they averaged 85 hours of meetings per week” (Yahoo Finance). This is not a reasonable expectation for these workers and with this stress and exhaustion it doesn’t do the company any good. The company also had high expectations from the public to get rid of these videos. The last virtue is justice. Justice is described as hard work and good ideas. These employees and TikTok management are working hard to make sure these videos are being deleted from viewers' pages and they have come up with ways to prevent this from happening. For example, updating their system to catch search terms relating to misinformation in the election. Overall, the company shows justice by coming up with solid ideas to stop this spread.</span></p><p dir="ltr" style="line-height: 1.2; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-top: 0pt;"><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman"; font-size: 12pt; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-weight: 700; vertical-align: baseline; white-space: pre-wrap;">JUSTIFIED ETHICS EVALUATION</span></p><p dir="ltr" style="line-height: 1.2; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-top: 0pt; text-indent: 36pt;"><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman"; font-size: 12pt; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; vertical-align: baseline; white-space: pre-wrap;">In my opinion, TikTok’s approach to this issue was the best they could do. Even though there is no solution to stopping people from editing posts and posting them for the world to see, I think there are few solutions for TikTok to implement. Although, TikTok was unethical in the way they cared for their employees. With the long hours and overworking of their employees, it became known to the public that one should not apply to work for TikTok because of these conditions. I think the most unethical part about this case was the fact that in 2020 before the election TikTok agreed to remove or label the harmful manipulated content and clearly this didn’t happen as much as people wanted. Videos were still being posted and seen by the public. The content in videos that are posted on TikTok can be very unethical as described in some of the examples of videos relating to the election. TikTok is a very addictive app, and many people get stuck scrolling for hours. When people get caught up in these videos, they start to form opinions on whatever it is that they are watching. Because social media is a platform with a lot of freedom to post whatever you want, many other companies are struggling with this issue as well. I think that because they are working to update their search terms and catch these videos as quickly as they can, they are taking steps to limit the negative effects of these videos.</span></p><p dir="ltr" style="line-height: 1.2; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-top: 0pt;"><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman"; font-size: 12pt; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-weight: 700; vertical-align: baseline; white-space: pre-wrap;">CONCLUSION</span></p><p dir="ltr" style="line-height: 1.2; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-top: 0pt;"><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman"; font-size: 12pt; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; vertical-align: baseline; white-space: pre-wrap;"> </span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman"; font-size: 12pt; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; vertical-align: baseline; white-space: pre-wrap;"><span class="Apple-tab-span" style="white-space: pre;"> </span></span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman"; font-size: 12pt; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; vertical-align: baseline; white-space: pre-wrap;">In all, TikTok has created a good baseline for protecting viewers from seeing information that is false. They are trying their best to quickly update their systems to catch all these search terms without getting rid of the app completely. The main issue is that TikTok vowed to remove all content starting in 2020 that would impact the election. As described in my essay it is proven wrong as many accounts of videos were created to depict political figures as something they aren’t. Now, being 2022, there are still several videos being created that viewers are watching that are related to the election and people involved in the election. Throughout my paper, I analyzed TikTok’s response to this issue and used the theories of individualism, Utilitarianism, Kantianism, and Virtue Theory to evaluate the company.</span></p><p dir="ltr" style="line-height: 1.2; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-top: 0pt;"><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman"; font-size: 12pt; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; vertical-align: baseline; white-space: pre-wrap;"> </span></p><p dir="ltr" style="line-height: 1.2; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-top: 0pt;"><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman"; font-size: 12pt; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; vertical-align: baseline; white-space: pre-wrap;"> </span></p><br /><p dir="ltr" style="line-height: 1.2; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-top: 0pt;"><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman"; font-size: 12pt; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-weight: 700; vertical-align: baseline; white-space: pre-wrap;"> </span></p><br /><br /><br /><br /><br /><br /><br /><br /><br /><br /><br /><br /><br /><p dir="ltr" style="line-height: 1.2; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-top: 0pt;"><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman"; font-size: 12pt; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-weight: 700; vertical-align: baseline; white-space: pre-wrap;">REFERENCES</span></p><p dir="ltr" style="line-height: 1.2; margin-bottom: 12pt; margin-left: 28pt; margin-top: 12pt; padding: 0pt 0pt 0pt 28pt; text-indent: -28pt;"><span style="font-size: x-small;"><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman"; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; vertical-align: baseline; white-space: pre-wrap;">Chandlee. “Updating Our Policies for Political Accounts.” </span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman"; font-style: italic; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; vertical-align: baseline; white-space: pre-wrap;">Newsroom</span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman"; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; vertical-align: baseline; white-space: pre-wrap;">, TikTok, 16 Aug. 2019, https://newsroom.tiktok.com/en-us/updating-our-policies-for-political-accounts.</span></span></p><p dir="ltr" style="line-height: 1.2; margin-bottom: 12pt; margin-left: 28pt; margin-top: 12pt; padding: 0pt 0pt 0pt 28pt; text-indent: -28pt;"><span style="font-size: x-small;"><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman"; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; vertical-align: baseline; white-space: pre-wrap;">Dunne, Rebekah. “Americans Trust Google More than Facebook, Tiktok.” </span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman"; font-style: italic; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; vertical-align: baseline; white-space: pre-wrap;">Search Engine Journal</span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman"; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; vertical-align: baseline; white-space: pre-wrap;">, 10 Mar. 2021, https://www.searchenginejournal.com/americans-trust-google-more-than-facebook-or-tiktok/397774/.</span></span></p><p dir="ltr" style="line-height: 1.2; margin-bottom: 12pt; margin-left: 28pt; margin-top: 12pt; padding: 0pt 0pt 0pt 28pt; text-indent: -28pt;"><span style="font-size: x-small;"><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman"; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; vertical-align: baseline; white-space: pre-wrap;">Han. “Our Commitment to Election Integrity.” </span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman"; font-style: italic; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; vertical-align: baseline; white-space: pre-wrap;">Newsroom</span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman"; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; vertical-align: baseline; white-space: pre-wrap;">, TikTok, 16 Aug. 2019, https://newsroom.tiktok.com/en-us/our-commitment-to-election-integrity.</span></span></p><p dir="ltr" style="line-height: 1.2; margin-bottom: 12pt; margin-left: 28pt; margin-top: 12pt; padding: 0pt 0pt 0pt 28pt; text-indent: -28pt;"><span style="font-size: x-small;"><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman"; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; vertical-align: baseline; white-space: pre-wrap;">Hsu, Tiffany. “Worries Grow That TikTok Is New Home for Manipulated Video and Photos.” </span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman"; font-style: italic; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; vertical-align: baseline; white-space: pre-wrap;">The New York Times</span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman"; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; vertical-align: baseline; white-space: pre-wrap;">, The New York Times, 4 Nov. 2022, https://www.nytimes.com/2022/11/04/technology/tiktok-deepfakes-disinformation.html.</span></span></p><p dir="ltr" style="line-height: 1.2; margin-bottom: 12pt; margin-left: 28pt; margin-top: 12pt; padding: 0pt 0pt 0pt 28pt; text-indent: -28pt;"><span style="font-size: x-small;"><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman"; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; vertical-align: baseline; white-space: pre-wrap;">Kerstein, Samuel. “Treating Persons as Means.” </span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman"; font-style: italic; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; vertical-align: baseline; white-space: pre-wrap;">Stanford Encyclopedia of Philosophy</span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman"; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; vertical-align: baseline; white-space: pre-wrap;">, Stanford University, 13 Apr. 2019, https://plato.stanford.edu/entries/persons-means/#:~:text=One%20formulation%2C%20often%20called%20the,1785%3A%20429%2C%20italics%20removed).</span></span></p><p dir="ltr" style="line-height: 1.2; margin-bottom: 12pt; margin-left: 28pt; margin-top: 12pt; padding: 0pt 0pt 0pt 28pt; text-indent: -28pt;"><span style="font-size: x-small;"><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman"; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; vertical-align: baseline; white-space: pre-wrap;">Lin, Ying. “Tiktok Ad Revenue (2019–2024).” </span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman"; font-style: italic; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; vertical-align: baseline; white-space: pre-wrap;">Oberlo</span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman"; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; vertical-align: baseline; white-space: pre-wrap;">, Oberlo, https://www.oberlo.com/statistics/tiktok-ad-revenue.</span></span></p><p dir="ltr" style="line-height: 1.2; margin-bottom: 12pt; margin-left: 28pt; margin-top: 12pt; padding: 0pt 0pt 0pt 28pt; text-indent: -28pt;"><span style="font-size: x-small;"><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman"; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; vertical-align: baseline; white-space: pre-wrap;">Morse, Andrew. “Tiktok Removed Nearly 350,000 Videos Related to Election Misinformation.” </span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman"; font-style: italic; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; vertical-align: baseline; white-space: pre-wrap;">CNET</span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman"; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; vertical-align: baseline; white-space: pre-wrap;">, CNET, 25 Feb. 2021, https://www.cnet.com/news/politics/tiktok-removed-nearly-350000-videos-related-to-election-misinformation/.</span></span></p><p dir="ltr" style="line-height: 1.2; margin-bottom: 12pt; margin-left: 28pt; margin-top: 12pt; padding: 0pt 0pt 0pt 28pt; text-indent: -28pt;"><span style="font-size: x-small;"><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman"; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; vertical-align: baseline; white-space: pre-wrap;">Ruby, Daniel, and About The Author Daniel Ruby Content writer with 10+ years of experience. I write across a range of subjects. “35+ Tiktok User Statistics: How Many TikTok Users Are There in 2022?” </span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman"; font-style: italic; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; vertical-align: baseline; white-space: pre-wrap;">Demandsage</span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman"; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; vertical-align: baseline; white-space: pre-wrap;">, 16 Nov. 2022, https://www.demandsage.com/tiktok-user-statistics/.</span></span></p><p dir="ltr" style="line-height: 1.2; margin-bottom: 12pt; margin-left: 28pt; margin-top: 12pt; padding: 0pt 0pt 0pt 28pt; text-indent: -28pt;"><span style="font-size: x-small;"><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman"; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; vertical-align: baseline; white-space: pre-wrap;">Salazar, Heather. </span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman"; font-style: italic; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; vertical-align: baseline; white-space: pre-wrap;">The Business Ethics Case Manual </span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman"; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; vertical-align: baseline; white-space: pre-wrap;">.</span></span></p><p dir="ltr" style="line-height: 1.2; margin-bottom: 12pt; margin-left: 28pt; margin-top: 12pt; padding: 0pt 0pt 0pt 28pt; text-indent: -28pt;"><span style="font-size: x-small;"><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman"; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; vertical-align: baseline; white-space: pre-wrap;">Stevekovach. “Tiktok Deal Puts U.S. Owners in Charge, but Chinese Parent Company Still Has Some Say.” </span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman"; font-style: italic; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; vertical-align: baseline; white-space: pre-wrap;">CNBC</span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman"; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; vertical-align: baseline; white-space: pre-wrap;">, CNBC, 22 Sept. 2020, https://www.cnbc.com/2020/09/21/tiktok-deal-splits-control-between-us-and-chinese-owners.html.</span></span></p><p dir="ltr" style="line-height: 1.2; margin-bottom: 12pt; margin-left: 28pt; margin-top: 12pt; padding: 0pt 0pt 0pt 28pt; text-indent: -28pt;"><span style="font-size: x-small;"><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman"; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; vertical-align: baseline; white-space: pre-wrap;">“TikTok Staff Speak out about Toxic Work Culture and Emphasis on 'Relentless Productivity'.” </span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman"; font-style: italic; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; vertical-align: baseline; white-space: pre-wrap;">Yahoo! Finance</span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman"; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; vertical-align: baseline; white-space: pre-wrap;">, Yahoo!, https://finance.yahoo.com/news/tiktok-staff-speak-toxic-culture-104417817.html?guccounter=1&guce_referrer=aHR0cHM6Ly93d3cuZ29vZ2xlLmNvbS8&guce_referrer_sig=AQAAAI8RY0VGJn6eKALw3U-2ysIcCSEfpKGfkFN_Ln-233TzYawgFDyqccq7fCuu0ZUtVUfgJ_BPb_K5Dw__GhL3CuFOp1wS61cJqbDyyY_0fF5ZLmRu8wfgSNjJxMq4ipsdgy77Lqdq8ggrcPmKsssZmEPZxnvhlx9sfaLlV8JZXZy3.</span></span></p><span style="font-size: x-small;"><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman"; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; vertical-align: baseline; white-space: pre-wrap;"><span> </span><span> </span><span> </span>“Working at TikTok.” </span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman"; font-style: italic; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; vertical-align: baseline; white-space: pre-wrap;">Employee Reviews and Culture</span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman"; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; vertical-align: baseline; white-space: pre-wrap;">, 18 Nov. 2022, https://www.zippia.com/tiktok-careers-1472578/.</span></span></span>Alyssa Murphyhttp://www.blogger.com/profile/04286564766966007144noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-3346515991378239658.post-26866999566134945312022-12-05T17:33:00.009-08:002022-12-09T10:07:36.791-08:00Gab: Unethical Social Media Platform (2022)<p><b style="color: #38761d; font-family: TimesNewRomanPSMT;"><u>Abstract</u></b></p><p></p><p></p><table cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="tr-caption-container" style="float: right;"><tbody><tr><td style="text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/a/AVvXsEguBk5hSlkJZf8cedm33K0msgl-S0bVkSsuiRu8W0XMcGNfAgYkhm7e-DhBHpGyV9w__IjDDbz9Hb7g3NfwYN7k3veDbok2KYhy-RmtP7xuOsUjOo_tPASOUuzIIqpV591quNlUHU5TkYAWsYOet4ZB3EmpE4LUTKD8XN2Yf4NVt9JTasw0V1eNralR" style="clear: right; margin-bottom: 1em; margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><img alt="" data-original-height="1394" data-original-width="1858" height="164" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/a/AVvXsEguBk5hSlkJZf8cedm33K0msgl-S0bVkSsuiRu8W0XMcGNfAgYkhm7e-DhBHpGyV9w__IjDDbz9Hb7g3NfwYN7k3veDbok2KYhy-RmtP7xuOsUjOo_tPASOUuzIIqpV591quNlUHU5TkYAWsYOet4ZB3EmpE4LUTKD8XN2Yf4NVt9JTasw0V1eNralR=w218-h164" width="218" /></a></td></tr><tr><td class="tr-caption" style="text-align: center;">Gab's Logo</td></tr></tbody></table><span style="background-color: white; font-family: TimesNewRomanPSMT; font-size: 12pt;"><span><span> </span></span></span><span id="docs-internal-guid-ea0a616e-7fff-0c18-e898-16b1d90fc327"><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman"; font-size: 12pt; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-ligatures: normal; font-variant-position: normal; vertical-align: baseline; white-space: pre-wrap;">Gab is a social media platform where there are no guidelines for the users which leads to a lot of controversy. This platform is a safe haven for users who are not warmly welcomed on popular social media sites due to their opinions. This paper will discuss the ethical issues that Gab holds. Looking through evaluations of individualism, utilitarianism, kantianism, and the virtue theory, we will dig deeper into the impact Gab has on the nation and the future of the nation. Individualism refers to the main goal of a business is to profit within the law. Utilitarianism refers to how actions can maximize one's emotions. Kantianism refers to the formula of humanity and motivation must be presented. And virtue theory refers to the intellectual virtues and the virtues of characteristics explaining how virtues play a role in Gab. These evaluations will look into ethical decisions that have been made from the owner of the company and how he has reacted to the issues. Along with that, the posts and comments from the users that have led to unethical decisions and actions that had great consequences and have affected the country immensely. From my view, due to the lack of guidelines and holding people accountable for their actions, this social media site causes a lot of harm to the nation and even worldwide.</span></span><div><span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman"; font-size: 12pt; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-ligatures: normal; font-variant-position: normal; vertical-align: baseline; white-space: pre-wrap;"> </span></span><div class="page" title="Page 2"><div class="section" style="background-color: white;"><div class="layoutArea"><div class="column"><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"><b><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/a/AVvXsEjVyPPF_3Pe423nu_0IoD5xq2r3AlglPqYP7pkFKTLjzdT-lgrRVBuKYqy5ca8zfALWpPD3jZhPRTbzjWxHwdQIzXzwLVrpaP9MyKxYoUy2hx0-mOqFrnTO5H119eFBhVBWG1p0gqo4vyr66MxxgvrfOKG259-nwz7VtklCfcI17Z_qoKyXXL3XKBcd" style="clear: left; float: left; margin-bottom: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img alt="" data-original-height="2000" data-original-width="800" height="871" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/a/AVvXsEjVyPPF_3Pe423nu_0IoD5xq2r3AlglPqYP7pkFKTLjzdT-lgrRVBuKYqy5ca8zfALWpPD3jZhPRTbzjWxHwdQIzXzwLVrpaP9MyKxYoUy2hx0-mOqFrnTO5H119eFBhVBWG1p0gqo4vyr66MxxgvrfOKG259-nwz7VtklCfcI17Z_qoKyXXL3XKBcd=w348-h871" width="348" /></a></b></div><b><span style="color: #38761d; font-size: medium;"><u>Ethics Case</u></span></b><p></p><p></p><p><span style="font-family: TimesNewRomanPSMT; font-size: 12pt;"><span> </span></span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman"; font-size: 12pt; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-ligatures: normal; font-variant-position: normal; text-indent: 36pt; vertical-align: baseline; white-space: pre-wrap;">In recent years, there have been great advancements in technology. With the new electronics and internet becoming accessible to more people, social media has taken a big role in our world. From FaceBook, to Instagram, to TikTok, to Twitter, people have been able to create more connections than they ever could before. With all of these new connections and easier ways to spread information, there is also a lot of false information that appears on social media. A new social media platform was brought to the surface in 2016 called Gab. Gab was founded by Andrew Torba right before the 2016 election. This social network was created to “defend, protect, and preserve” your freedom of speech (Goodwin, 2021) . Torba realized the amount of censorship on all social media platforms so he created one where you can speak whatever you want without being stopped. With that comes a lot of false information that is being spread. Right away this social media platform became an issue around the elections. Gab is an American microblogging and social networking service known for its far-right user base. Many comments that were posted had a major effect on people's emotions that later resulted in a tamper with the elections from false information.</span></p><p><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman"; font-size: 12pt; text-indent: 36pt; white-space: pre-wrap;"><span> </span>Gab is a social media site that has links to a Russian agency. This Russian agency disguised as fake American users who would post comments that later would interfere in the presidential election (Myers, 2022). Since there were no guidelines or supervision over this network, people are able to speak freely with no consequences. False information started spreading like wildfire creating angry and passionate Americans. This continued and fueled people as years went on. In 2018, a gunman used the network to threaten and target Jewish people. He then later went to kill eleven Jews at the Tree of Life synagogue (Goodwin, 2021). Gab is seen to have no boundaries with no right or wrongs like any other social media platforms have. Gab disappeared, laying low for a few years, and then once again resurfaced when the 2020 elections came around. The fake users from the Russian agency once again started spreading false information to cause issues in the election. Users on Gab became so infuriated that it built up to the storming of the capitol. Gab intentionally aided and conspired with the attack on the Capitol by creating a space for like minded people to come together to fuel their anger. People posted to gain “followers” who grew angry throughout the posts that triggered people to storm the Capitol. </span></p><p><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman"; font-size: 12pt; text-indent: 36pt; white-space: pre-wrap;"><span> </span>Gab has become a network full of like minded people with no supervision. It is known as a safe haven for neo-Nazi, racists, white supremacists, white nationalists, antisemites, conservatives, right-libertarians, and believers in conspiracy theories (Goodwin, 2021). This caused people who were banned from social media platforms to be attracted to it. This social media platform was created to cause chaos. </span></p><p><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman"; font-size: 12pt; text-indent: 36pt; white-space: pre-wrap;"><span> </span>In recent months, the Russian agency that has been disguised as users has made posts undermining President Biden and the US tax dollars going into Ukraine against the Rusissians (Goodwin, 2021). With peoples strong opinions, a lot of havoc arose between Americans. The Russians goal is to ignite anger amongst conservative voters and to undermine the trust in the American electoral system. They are able to do this because of Gab. </span></p></div></div></div></div><div class="page" title="Page 4"><div class="section" style="background-color: white;"><div class="layoutArea"><div class="column"><p><span style="font-family: TimesNewRomanPSMT;"><b><span style="color: #38761d; font-size: medium;"><u>Stakeholders</u></span></b></span><span style="font-family: TimesNewRomanPSMT; font-size: 12pt;"> </span></p><p><span style="font-family: TimesNewRomanPSMT; font-size: 12pt;"></span></p><table cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="tr-caption-container" style="float: right;"><tbody><tr><td style="text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/a/AVvXsEhRcfui4T8lAHl3nkrlrtzwbKO5wTYQKOJyvV_dGRBZcCY6EF5VAtJ2JiS5EZOGEC7NoGp79pZ60AcVwV7lo56wuIbG93T2bnj4IhBTeAmaAdfxyxkA7-0S7zEvnDVHVErypyKh4YLFjYphRejVYoKbhZJnjm2fTmjpDIwvvpdqHMJF9ENUcE4WC-HK" style="clear: right; margin-bottom: 1em; margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><img data-original-height="540" data-original-width="800" height="236" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/a/AVvXsEhRcfui4T8lAHl3nkrlrtzwbKO5wTYQKOJyvV_dGRBZcCY6EF5VAtJ2JiS5EZOGEC7NoGp79pZ60AcVwV7lo56wuIbG93T2bnj4IhBTeAmaAdfxyxkA7-0S7zEvnDVHVErypyKh4YLFjYphRejVYoKbhZJnjm2fTmjpDIwvvpdqHMJF9ENUcE4WC-HK=w351-h236" title="Founder Andrew Torba" width="351" /></a></td></tr><tr><td class="tr-caption" style="text-align: center;">Founder Andrew Torba</td></tr></tbody></table><span> </span>People who were affected by Gab and the decisions that this business makes are known as stakeholders. Stakeholders would include Andrew Torba who is the creator of Gab, the 100,000 users, and even everyday Americans who were affected by posts on this social media. Andrew Torba is affected by the decisions happening to this social media because he created it. Any bad or good outcomes from Gab affect the image of Torba. Torba has received a lot of backlash for creating Gab but has only continued to say the same thing; it was created for free speech so he will not create guidelines for users. Andrew Torba has held his ground and truly believes this social media platform is acceptable. The 100,000 users are also affected by Gab. They are strong minded and continue to be because Gab offers them a space for their opinions that they couldn’t say on other platforms. They would have no “safe haven” if Gab was eliminated. Along with that, the actions that happened and that are allowed on Gab resulted in everyday Americans being affected. Eleven people were killed because of a gunman who plotted on Gab. Also, the actions of the rioting at the Capitol were also consequences of Gab and affected many Americans nationwide. Gab has affected many people and continues to, especially around election times.</div></div></div></div><div class="page" title="Page 5"><div class="section" style="background-color: white;"><div class="layoutArea"><div class="column"><p><span style="font-family: TimesNewRomanPSMT;"><b><span style="color: #38761d; font-size: medium;"><u>Individualism</u></span></b></span></p><p><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman"; font-size: 12pt; white-space: pre-wrap;"><span> </span>Individualism is when the businesses main goal is to profit within the law. Milton Friedman, an economist, formed an idea around individualism. This idea stated that the only goal of a business is to profit. That means that they would stop at nothing until they maximize their profit for the owners or stakeholders. Many people have attempted to take down Gab, but have been unsuccessful due to them following the law. Gab's main goal is to be a social media site where you can post and comment on any opinion you have without any backlash. They were able to profit this by targeting a specific audience that was drawn to this social media idea. A lot of negative aspects came from this platform; people were commenting awful statements and were targeting specific people based on religion or political beliefs. But even though this platform generated a lot of hate and anger, there was nothing anyone could truly do because it was protected under the law. Gab is protected under the law of freedom of speech, leaving it hard for people to truly shut down this site. They were able to maximize their “profit” for the stakeholders; Andrew Torba and users, while also following the law.<br /></span></p><p><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman"; font-size: 12pt; text-indent: 36pt; white-space: pre-wrap;"><span> </span>Although Gab was able to achieve individualism, this concept of individualism does not take into account the identity of the company and leaders or the motivation of investors to invest in socially responsible businesses. In terms of Gab, the business strived to be successful and was able to be successful but with the price of their image. Their main goal was to be a social media site where you can post and comment whatever opinion you have. The users who posted on this platform did receive quite a lot of backlash. They were seen as “neo-Nazi, racists, white supremacists, white nationalists, antisemites, conservatives, right-libertarians, and believers in conspiracy theories” (Goodwin, 2021). These types of people are not kindly welcomed into our world because of their ruthless and unfair opinions. Along with that, creator Andrew Torba received a lot of publicity in a bad way. Right away, after Gab was published, it created a lot of public enemies. This type of social media was banned from Apple and Android app stores. The only way to access it was through the Internet. </span></p><p><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman"; font-size: 12pt; text-indent: 36pt; white-space: pre-wrap;"></span></p><table cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="tr-caption-container" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto; text-align: center;"><tbody><tr><td style="text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/a/AVvXsEhxPDM-qtvrGskIuAc3fBga5lHI-QcnwPxNOuu0vGrbJ13Wcr6DiCP2EIEdb6Yzju5MtbCJpu7XlQnNPWdkICrsWsXkCtYTXWvGP0xwz86FGGTEJOU_AbKbFQkEWzetpw-QbRoXp1RHk05KSN0cnNDaepGqY5gCW2-QnDMRUP_o9ifLaK18clV_vZ2W" style="clear: left; margin-bottom: 1em; margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><img alt="" data-original-height="280" data-original-width="1146" height="114" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/a/AVvXsEhxPDM-qtvrGskIuAc3fBga5lHI-QcnwPxNOuu0vGrbJ13Wcr6DiCP2EIEdb6Yzju5MtbCJpu7XlQnNPWdkICrsWsXkCtYTXWvGP0xwz86FGGTEJOU_AbKbFQkEWzetpw-QbRoXp1RHk05KSN0cnNDaepGqY5gCW2-QnDMRUP_o9ifLaK18clV_vZ2W=w469-h114" width="469" /></a></td></tr><tr><td class="tr-caption" style="text-align: center;">Gab is Reliant on Their Users to Function</td></tr></tbody></table><p><b style="font-family: TimesNewRomanPSMT;"><span style="color: #38761d; font-size: medium;"><u>Utilitarianism</u></span></b></p><p><span style="font-family: TimesNewRomanPSMT;"><span style="font-family: TimesNewRomanPSMT; font-size: 12pt;"> </span></span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman"; font-size: 12pt; white-space: pre-wrap;">Utilitarianism is the theory of how actions affect one's emotions. It’s how you can maximize happiness in yourself and others through decisions and actions. This also means how decisions can maximize sadness. These actions and decisions are made up of doing what's right and what's wrong. In terms of Gab, a lot of wrong has been done from users and the posts they have created. </span></p><p><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman"; font-size: 12pt; text-indent: 36pt; white-space: pre-wrap;"><span> </span>Stakeholders of Gab had a lot of responsibility with maximizing users and outsiders emotions. It is seen that information from comments on Gab have caused conflict and infuriated many people. It has fueled anger. Conflict and controversy is unavoidable on social media platforms. That is why companies like Twitter, Instagram, FaceBook, and YouTube step in to set guidelines. Their actions and decisions are made to maximize the happiness of their users. Of course not everyone will be happy, but they base their decisions on the majority of users. Gab was created to target the unsatisfied users on those platforms. Andrew Torba was looking to maximize happiness for those unsatisfied users. He was able to do that because of the lack of guidelines. With that came consequences, such as, fueling and maximizing anger from users clashing with outside people.</span></p><p><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman"; font-size: 12pt; text-indent: 36pt; white-space: pre-wrap;"><span> </span>There are around 100,000 users on Gab. That is a small portion of people considering other social media platforms estimated in the billions for users. Even though it is a small number, these users have a great impact. The users on Gab tend to fuel each other, they maximize their emotions in an angry way. For example, they were convinced that the 2020 elections were rigged and then later conspired to storm the Capitol. They fueled one another. But it’s not just the user's actions that affect other users, they also affect the outside people. On average, there are 4 million outside views on Gab, that means nonusers go and look on the social media platform. What users comment and post has maximized anger in outside users. Their actions have put a negative effect on everyday people. </span></p><p><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman"; font-size: 12pt; text-indent: 36pt; white-space: pre-wrap;"><span> </span>Gab is full of unethical decisions. They set out to create a platform that was different from everything else. Their targeted audience are the misfits on popular social media sites. This is where people were able to spread misinformation and be able to target topics and people with no consequences. Gab has a major effect on everyone's emotions due to their decisions and actions that were made. </span></p></div></div></div></div><div class="page" title="Page 6"><div class="section" style="background-color: white;"><div class="layoutArea"><div class="column"><p><span style="font-family: TimesNewRomanPSMT;"><b><span style="color: #38761d; font-size: medium;"><u>Kantianism</u></span></b></span><span style="font-family: TimesNewRomanPSMT; font-size: 12pt;"><br /></span></p><p><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman"; font-size: 12pt; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-ligatures: normal; font-variant-position: normal; text-indent: 36pt; vertical-align: baseline; white-space: pre-wrap;"><span> <span> <span> </span></span></span>Kantianism is an obligation of respect to all autonomous beings. It consists of principle formulas, one being the formula of humanity. It states that, “You treat humanity, whether in your own person or in the person of any other, always at the same time as an end, never merely as a means” ( Kant 1785: 429, italics removed). In a business aspect, this concept is for businesses and business people to follow. It implies for them to treat all persons with respect and morally right. It is an ethical theory that is in place for people to act rational towards one another. It allows and helps people to make rational decisions in an individual and business sense. Business people are motivated to do what is best because it is the right thing to do. From recent research it has come to light that Gab has different views than other social media platforms. The world sees them as morally wrong but what Andrew Torba has created he believes is the right thing. </span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman"; font-size: 12pt; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-ligatures: normal; font-variant-position: normal; text-indent: 36pt; vertical-align: baseline; white-space: pre-wrap;"><span class="Apple-tab-span" style="white-space: pre;"> </span></span></p><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/a/AVvXsEi4u7BhJ2oTCotnME5gHTwrVMDrdmVkbHNDsuh3V2PezdOOE-gXG4FQDCNsJlaL-o2s1XK6zRMKXCmj7H_0MGIYaQOlbYUWT6lfjALBkoXWn40iuhppS9olCjiDM6bYcMe5qMdu0fPGeSPt5SPz5EbocLITtvHGAdJh-iko53RVujA6nJB-hRrOHGiP" style="clear: left; float: left; margin-bottom: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img alt="" data-original-height="738" data-original-width="1100" height="196" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/a/AVvXsEi4u7BhJ2oTCotnME5gHTwrVMDrdmVkbHNDsuh3V2PezdOOE-gXG4FQDCNsJlaL-o2s1XK6zRMKXCmj7H_0MGIYaQOlbYUWT6lfjALBkoXWn40iuhppS9olCjiDM6bYcMe5qMdu0fPGeSPt5SPz5EbocLITtvHGAdJh-iko53RVujA6nJB-hRrOHGiP=w291-h196" width="291" /></a></div><p></p><span id="docs-internal-guid-6eaf4b8e-7fff-1fe2-c0ae-21cc970bd1d0"><p dir="ltr" style="line-height: 1.2; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-top: 0pt; text-indent: 36pt;"><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman"; font-size: 12pt; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-ligatures: normal; font-variant-position: normal; vertical-align: baseline; white-space: pre-wrap;">In recent years, social media platforms have taken steps to decrease hate and misinformation on their platforms. Social media sites such as Twitter, Instagram, FaceBook, and YouTube have taken precautions surrounding users and the posts they make. They have done this because it is the right thing to do in society. They have realized that disinformation can cause a lot of conflict worldwide and the root of the spread of this information are their platforms. Each site has a sensor system and takes action in eliminating misinformation. If users are consistently posting misinformation and bad comments, these social media sites have a duty and power to ban these users. But with these users being banned, they are led to other social media sites where they are allowed; Gab.</span></p><p dir="ltr" style="line-height: 1.2; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-top: 0pt; text-indent: 36pt;"><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman"; font-size: 12pt; text-indent: 36pt; white-space: pre-wrap;">Gab is a social media site that is the opposite of Kantianism. There is a lack of morals and doing the right thing on this site. Gab provides a space for people to say whatever they please without being controlled. They granted these users freedom of speech on a social media platform where anyone can see it. In a sense, freedom of speech is a good thing, but only when used morally right. The posts and comments made in the name of freedom of speech have caused damage to others. These actions go against the concept of kantianism and the duty we have to one another. Misinformation has been spread throughout the site and continues to spread targeting people based on race, political and religious beliefs. Other social media platforms do their best to keep their platforms morally fair out of respect for other people. Gab is a social media site that does not follow Kantianism in an ethical world. They lack morals and kindness towards other beings. </span></p></span></div></div></div></div><div class="page" title="Page 7"><div class="section" style="background-color: white;"><div class="layoutArea"><div class="column"><p><span style="font-family: TimesNewRomanPSMT; font-size: 12pt;"><span> </span></span><b style="font-family: TimesNewRomanPSMT;"><span style="color: #38761d; font-size: medium;"><u>Virtue Theory</u></span></b></p><p><span style="font-family: TimesNewRomanPSMT;"><span style="font-family: TimesNewRomanPSMT; font-size: 12pt;"><span> </span></span></span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman"; font-size: 12pt; white-space: pre-wrap;">The users of Gab are quite questionable. There are rights and wrongs of basic human behaviors. We understand that crimes are bad and hurting others is bad. We also understand that helping others and doing the right thing is good. These rights and wrongs are taught and learned as we grow. Virtues are the characteristics that allow things to function properly. These characteristics include; courage, honesty, temperance, and justice. They have to be learned. Virtues doesn’t focus on the rules but rather on what kind of person you should be. The opposite of virtues are vises, which are the wrongs. People have both. The users of Gab don't care for others feelings, these actions lead to poor actions. Those actions have been murder, rioting, targeting certain people because of their political and religious beliefs. They lack virtues. But it’s not just the users but also Gab as a company.</span></p><p><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman"; font-size: 12pt; white-space: pre-wrap;"><span> </span>Gab also lacks virtues. Virtues in a business aspect are guidelines for the company to be honest, have compassion, to be fair, have generosity, serve justice, etc. Since Gab does not have guidelines for their users, they do not help keep a balance of rights and wrongs. Breaking down the virtues of a business; courage, honesty, temperance, justice, it is seen how Gab lacks some of them. In a way, Gab does have courage. Just creating this app was a riskful task. Andrew Torba knew this site would not be acceptable in others eyes but still took the risk. But even though there was courage involved it was not courage related to doing the right thing. By creating this site, a lot of damage has been done. On the other hand, Gab lacks honesty. This social media site allows misinformation to be posted on their page and labels it freedom of speech which makes it “acceptable”. Since they do not have honesty on their platform it reflects back on the company and creator regarding their virtues and what they prioritize . Along with that, Gab lacks temperance. Temperance is known as self-restraint or self-regulation. Businesses complying with the law is an example of temperance. Gab consists of users who do not possess self-restraint. They post and display absurd comments for the public eye to see without thinking of the consequences, it causes conflict. The final virtue is justice. A user of Gab targeted Jewish people and stated he was going to shoot them. Later on he ended up shooting and killing eleven jewish people. Gab was not held accountable for what had happened. There was no justice for what this social media site led to. There is a lack of accountability which leads to a lack of justice. Users have a free range of everything meaning they can say and do whatever they please without consequence. Along with that, Gab is also not held accountable for what their users comment and do. Social media sites like Twitter and FaceBook keep a strict guideline of virtues for their users. Companies like FaceBook have also been held accountable for the false information that is posted on the platform. Gab does not have responsibility like these companies which causes a lack of virtues of doing the right thing from Gab and their users.</span></p></div></div></div></div><div class="page" title="Page 8"><div class="section" style="background-color: white;"><div class="layoutArea"><div class="column"><p><span style="font-family: TimesNewRomanPSMT;"><b><span style="color: #38761d; font-size: medium;"><u>Ethics Evaluation</u></span></b></span></p><p></p><table cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="tr-caption-container" style="float: right;"><tbody><tr><td style="text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/a/AVvXsEiVWjvczB_S0IzRnjVpFLlo3kug0j-pgiXf8v8WebGiG5E1LlNzeHnybY_gl8Qst-21-l9A-dCojmT8x6dO4UaqWj09FVl0VBMFu9QKf8DqUXrVp6kt9JRNM6_oIyimyKuvl-SRyGnLfOhDAh1dqY7PbdZ9hCbt7Sv0P5ReRAuqA5XeGkFgPy8o56Vx" style="clear: right; margin-bottom: 1em; margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><img alt="" data-original-height="418" data-original-width="936" height="153" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/a/AVvXsEiVWjvczB_S0IzRnjVpFLlo3kug0j-pgiXf8v8WebGiG5E1LlNzeHnybY_gl8Qst-21-l9A-dCojmT8x6dO4UaqWj09FVl0VBMFu9QKf8DqUXrVp6kt9JRNM6_oIyimyKuvl-SRyGnLfOhDAh1dqY7PbdZ9hCbt7Sv0P5ReRAuqA5XeGkFgPy8o56Vx=w342-h153" width="342" /></a></td></tr><tr><td class="tr-caption" style="text-align: center;">Gab Post Made By Torba In 2021</td></tr></tbody></table><span style="font-family: TimesNewRomanPSMT; font-size: 12pt;"><span> </span></span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman"; font-size: 12pt; white-space: pre-wrap;">Overall, from an ethical standpoint, Gab should not exist as a social media platform. Every business has values to follow even social media platforms have ethical values. They identify what is wrong and right in society. There are guidelines on each platform to eliminate as much false news as possible. Gab goes against all of these standards in place. Gab could shift its guidelines by creating right and wrongs on the site. That would mean the site could be monitored and watched for terrorism and just overall bad people that cause conflict in society. By doing that it will allow an ethical standpoint for the social media site. The only issue is this cannot happen with the current ownership. Andrew Torba is a very strong willed and persistent person on the purpose of this platform. That purpose was to be a place where you can say whatever you want without getting banned or posts deleted. The point I think Torba is missing is that this is an easy access to the United States. Terrorism has been occuring like nazi affiliated people, white supremacists, even Russians are able to gain access and control over fellow Americans. The social media platform has only caused havoc and the only way to stop it is by eliminating it. Higher powers have been in the process of this by deleting it off of app stores but they cannot eliminate it completely. The internet is a powerful and typically a place that havens unethical things; including social media sites and misinformation. </span><p></p><span id="docs-internal-guid-736eeed9-7fff-3408-a3eb-346624cd5e31"><p dir="ltr" style="line-height: 1.2; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-top: 0pt;"></p><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman"; font-size: 12pt; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-ligatures: normal; font-variant-position: normal; vertical-align: baseline; white-space: pre-wrap;"><span class="Apple-tab-span" style="white-space: pre;"> </span></span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman"; font-size: 12pt; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-ligatures: normal; font-variant-position: normal; vertical-align: baseline; white-space: pre-wrap;">The basic definition of ethics is that it is the “moral compass that governs a person’s behavior” (Dictionary). From the research that has been gathered, Gab lacks a moral compass which leads their users to go wild on posting. In order to adjust Gab to be more ethical, there needs to be more guidelines or it should be deleted completely. Yes, there is freedom of speech, but there is a limit before it becomes offensive and causes damage. </span><p></p></span></div></div></div></div><div class="page" title="Page 9"><div class="section" style="background-color: white;"><div class="layoutArea"><div class="column"><p><span style="font-family: TimesNewRomanPSMT;"><b><span style="color: #38761d; font-size: medium;"><u>Conclusion</u></span></b></span></p><p><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman"; font-size: 12pt; white-space: pre-wrap;"><span> </span>Gab has been on the internet since 2016. This social media platform is not going anywhere anytime soon. The longer the site is around the more users it gains making it have more influence on the misinformation being spread. Gab is an unethical company that looks to further their philosophies. To stop this from happening people need to become aware of the damages that are made from Gab. Strict guidelines need to be set for this social media site. That includes holding the users and creator accountable for what they say and do. There needs to be consequences for their actions. </span></p></div></div></div></div><div class="page" title="Page 10"><div class="section" style="background-color: white;"><div class="layoutArea"><div class="column"><p><b style="font-family: TimesNewRomanPSMT; font-size: 12pt;"><span style="color: #38761d;"><u>Reference</u></span></b></p><p><span style="font-family: TimesNewRomanPSMT;"><span style="font-size: x-small;">Allyn, B. (2021) </span></span><span style="font-size: x-small;"><span style="font-family: TimesNewRomanPS; font-style: italic;">Social Media Site GAB is surging, even as critics blame it for Capitol Violence</span><span style="font-family: TimesNewRomanPSMT;">, </span><span style="font-family: TimesNewRomanPS; font-style: italic;">NPR</span><span style="font-family: TimesNewRomanPSMT;">. NPR. Available at:</span></span></p><p><span style="font-family: TimesNewRomanPSMT;"><span style="font-size: x-small;">https://www.npr.org/2021/01/17/957512634/social-media-site-gab-is-surging-even-as-crit ics-blame-it-for-capitol-violence (Accessed: December 1, 2022).</span></span></p><p><span style="font-size: x-small;"><span style="font-family: TimesNewRomanPSMT;">Andrews, T.M. (2021) </span><span style="font-family: TimesNewRomanPS; font-style: italic;">GAB, the social network that has welcomed Qanon and extremist figures, explained</span><span style="font-family: TimesNewRomanPSMT;">, </span><span style="font-family: TimesNewRomanPS; font-style: italic;">The Washington Post</span><span style="font-family: TimesNewRomanPSMT;">. WP Company. Available at: https://www.washingtonpost.com/technology/2021/01/11/gab-social-network/ (Accessed: December 1, 2022).</span></span></p><p><span style="font-size: x-small;"><span style="font-family: TimesNewRomanPS; font-style: italic;">Gab Social</span><span style="font-family: TimesNewRomanPSMT;">. Available at: https://gab.com/ (Accessed: December 1, 2022).</span></span></p><p><span style="font-size: x-small;"><span style="font-family: TimesNewRomanPSMT;">Goodwin, J. (2021) </span><span style="font-family: TimesNewRomanPS; font-style: italic;">GAB: Everything you need to know about the fast-growing, controversial social network | CNN business</span><span style="font-family: TimesNewRomanPSMT;">, </span><span style="font-family: TimesNewRomanPS; font-style: italic;">CNN</span><span style="font-family: TimesNewRomanPSMT;">. Cable News Network. Available at: https://www.cnn.com/2021/01/17/tech/what-is-gab-explainer/index.html (Accessed: December 1, 2022).</span></span></p><p><span style="font-size: x-small;"><span style="font-family: TimesNewRomanPSMT;">Myers, S.L. (2022) </span><span style="font-family: TimesNewRomanPS; font-style: italic;">Russia reactivates its trolls and bots ahead of Tuesday's midterms</span><span style="font-family: TimesNewRomanPSMT;">, </span><span style="font-family: TimesNewRomanPS; font-style: italic;">The New York Times</span><span style="font-family: TimesNewRomanPSMT;">. The New York Times. Available at: https://www.nytimes.com/2022/11/06/technology/russia-misinformation-midterms.html (Accessed: December 2, 2022).</span></span></p><p><span style="font-size: x-small;"><span style="font-family: TimesNewRomanPSMT;">Special to the Capital-Star, P.C.-S.A.4 (2022) </span><span style="font-family: TimesNewRomanPS; font-style: italic;">What is Gab? A look at the far-right social media platform backing Doug Mastriano - Pennsylvania capital</span><span style="font-family: TimesNewRomanPSMT;">, </span><span style="font-family: TimesNewRomanPS; font-style: italic;">Star</span><span style="font-family: TimesNewRomanPSMT;">. Available at:</span></span></p></div></div></div></div><div class="page" title="Page 11"><div class="section" style="background-color: white;"><div class="layoutArea"><div class="column"><p><span style="font-family: TimesNewRomanPSMT;"><span style="font-size: x-small;">https://www.penncapital-star.com/campaigns-elections/what-is-gab-a-look-at-the-far-righ t-social-media-platform-backing-doug-mastriano/ (Accessed: December 1, 2022).</span></span></p><p><span style="font-family: TimesNewRomanPSMT;"><span style="font-size: x-small;"><br /></span></span></p><p></p></div></div></div></div></div><span></span><span><a name='more'></a></span><span><!--more--></span>Allyson Randallhttp://www.blogger.com/profile/17927146610425602111noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-3346515991378239658.post-17232317817928694852022-12-03T17:18:00.001-08:002022-12-13T19:20:27.302-08:00<p> Elizabeth Holmes case (2015-2021)</p><p><span style="font-size: x-small;"> </span>Theranos downfall</p><p><br /></p><div class="OutlineElement Ltr SCXW252255478 BCX0" style="-webkit-tap-highlight-color: transparent; -webkit-user-drag: none; background-color: white; clear: both; cursor: text; direction: ltr; margin: 0px; overflow: visible; padding: 0px; position: relative; user-select: text;"><p class="Paragraph SCXW252255478 BCX0" paraeid="{e66efe34-6148-4d92-901b-6ab91726230a}{209}" paraid="2018165724" style="-webkit-tap-highlight-color: transparent; -webkit-user-drag: none; background-color: transparent; color: windowtext; font-kerning: none; margin: 0px; overflow-wrap: break-word; padding: 0px; text-indent: 48px; user-select: text; vertical-align: baseline; white-space: pre-wrap;"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times New Roman_EmbeddedFont, Times New Roman_MSFontService, serif;"><span style="font-variant-ligatures: none;"><b><br /></b></span></span></p><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/a/AVvXsEjZOGjtyeB14Qa6ZlupGYkEg9jNKdnC7Nnc8UMAH3_-udSeTAAWu1CSxi_p5r74IaC8HFnIa4K_gnJvY6fluBS_ZJJUW9cyHNHr1OKCc0It2IV3Ey8UKfEfJ7wJTecTHUQAh3Q2ulyQWpkdHUp6IiXMh2nLReTLWHLkPHiQKZwy-H0NhEjUNVIV6JS2ig" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img alt="" data-original-height="952" data-original-width="1440" height="212" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/a/AVvXsEjZOGjtyeB14Qa6ZlupGYkEg9jNKdnC7Nnc8UMAH3_-udSeTAAWu1CSxi_p5r74IaC8HFnIa4K_gnJvY6fluBS_ZJJUW9cyHNHr1OKCc0It2IV3Ey8UKfEfJ7wJTecTHUQAh3Q2ulyQWpkdHUp6IiXMh2nLReTLWHLkPHiQKZwy-H0NhEjUNVIV6JS2ig" width="320" /></a></div><p></p><p class="Paragraph SCXW252255478 BCX0" paraeid="{e66efe34-6148-4d92-901b-6ab91726230a}{209}" paraid="2018165724" style="-webkit-tap-highlight-color: transparent; -webkit-user-drag: none; background-color: transparent; color: windowtext; font-kerning: none; margin: 0px; overflow-wrap: break-word; padding: 0px; text-indent: 48px; user-select: text; vertical-align: baseline; white-space: pre-wrap;"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times New Roman_EmbeddedFont, Times New Roman_MSFontService, serif;"><span style="font-variant-ligatures: none;"><i> Elizabeth Holmes (2015-2022)</i></span></span></p><p class="Paragraph SCXW252255478 BCX0" paraeid="{e66efe34-6148-4d92-901b-6ab91726230a}{209}" paraid="2018165724" style="-webkit-tap-highlight-color: transparent; -webkit-user-drag: none; background-color: transparent; color: windowtext; font-kerning: none; margin: 0px; overflow-wrap: break-word; padding: 0px; text-indent: 48px; user-select: text; vertical-align: baseline; white-space: pre-wrap;"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times New Roman_EmbeddedFont, Times New Roman_MSFontService, serif;"><span style="font-variant-ligatures: none;"><b><br /></b></span></span></p><div class="OutlineElement Ltr SCXW121139493 BCX0" style="-webkit-tap-highlight-color: transparent; -webkit-user-drag: none; clear: both; cursor: text; direction: ltr; font-family: "Segoe UI", "Segoe UI Web", Arial, Verdana, sans-serif; font-size: 12px; margin: 0px; overflow: visible; padding: 0px; position: relative; user-select: text;"><p class="Paragraph SCXW121139493 BCX0" paraeid="{588b2f06-21c2-4e8a-82c0-3d1cc54deed9}{225}" paraid="2018165724" style="-webkit-tap-highlight-color: transparent; -webkit-user-drag: none; background-color: transparent; color: windowtext; font-kerning: none; margin: 0px; overflow-wrap: break-word; padding: 0px; text-indent: 48px; user-select: text; vertical-align: baseline; white-space: pre-wrap;"><span class="TextRun SCXW121139493 BCX0" data-contrast="none" lang="EN-US" style="-webkit-tap-highlight-color: transparent; -webkit-user-drag: none; font-family: "Times New Roman", "Times New Roman_EmbeddedFont", "Times New Roman_MSFontService", serif; font-size: 12pt; font-variant-ligatures: none !important; font-weight: bold; line-height: 36px; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; user-select: text;" xml:lang="EN-US">Abstract</span><span class="EOP SCXW121139493 BCX0" data-ccp-props="{"201341983":0,"335559731":720,"335559739":160,"335559740":480}" style="-webkit-tap-highlight-color: transparent; -webkit-user-drag: none; font-family: "Times New Roman", "Times New Roman_EmbeddedFont", "Times New Roman_MSFontService", serif; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 36px; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; user-select: text;"> </span></p></div><div class="OutlineElement Ltr SCXW121139493 BCX0" style="-webkit-tap-highlight-color: transparent; -webkit-user-drag: none; clear: both; cursor: text; direction: ltr; font-family: "Segoe UI", "Segoe UI Web", Arial, Verdana, sans-serif; font-size: 12px; margin: 0px; overflow: visible; padding: 0px; position: relative; user-select: text;"><p class="Paragraph SCXW121139493 BCX0" paraeid="{588b2f06-21c2-4e8a-82c0-3d1cc54deed9}{231}" paraid="1627905740" style="-webkit-tap-highlight-color: transparent; -webkit-user-drag: none; background-color: transparent; color: windowtext; font-kerning: none; margin: 0px; overflow-wrap: break-word; padding: 0px; text-indent: 48px; user-select: text; vertical-align: baseline; white-space: pre-wrap;"><span class="TextRun SCXW121139493 BCX0" data-contrast="none" lang="EN-US" style="-webkit-tap-highlight-color: transparent; -webkit-user-drag: none; font-family: "Times New Roman", "Times New Roman_EmbeddedFont", "Times New Roman_MSFontService", serif; font-size: 12pt; font-variant-ligatures: none !important; line-height: 36px; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; user-select: text;" xml:lang="EN-US"> </span><span class="TextRun SCXW121139493 BCX0" data-contrast="none" lang="EN-US" style="-webkit-tap-highlight-color: transparent; -webkit-user-drag: none; font-family: "Times New Roman", "Times New Roman_EmbeddedFont", "Times New Roman_MSFontService", serif; font-size: 12pt; font-variant-ligatures: none !important; line-height: 36px; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; user-select: text;" xml:lang="EN-US">The Elizabeth Holmes Case </span><span class="TextRun SCXW121139493 BCX0" data-contrast="none" lang="EN-US" style="-webkit-tap-highlight-color: transparent; -webkit-user-drag: none; font-family: "Times New Roman", "Times New Roman_EmbeddedFont", "Times New Roman_MSFontService", serif; font-size: 12pt; font-variant-ligatures: none !important; line-height: 36px; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; user-select: text;" xml:lang="EN-US"><span class="NormalTextRun SCXW121139493 BCX0" style="-webkit-tap-highlight-color: transparent; -webkit-user-drag: none; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; user-select: text;">involves </span><span class="NormalTextRun SCXW121139493 BCX0" style="-webkit-tap-highlight-color: transparent; -webkit-user-drag: none; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; user-select: text;">Eliz</span><span class="NormalTextRun SCXW121139493 BCX0" style="-webkit-tap-highlight-color: transparent; -webkit-user-drag: none; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; user-select: text;">a</span><span class="NormalTextRun SCXW121139493 BCX0" style="-webkit-tap-highlight-color: transparent; -webkit-user-drag: none; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; user-select: text;">beth</span><span class="NormalTextRun SCXW121139493 BCX0" style="-webkit-tap-highlight-color: transparent; -webkit-user-drag: none; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; user-select: text;"> Holmes</span><span class="NormalTextRun SCXW121139493 BCX0" style="-webkit-tap-highlight-color: transparent; -webkit-user-drag: none; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; user-select: text;">, </span><span class="NormalTextRun SCXW121139493 BCX0" style="-webkit-tap-highlight-color: transparent; -webkit-user-drag: none; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; user-select: text;">a </span><span class="NormalTextRun SCXW121139493 BCX0" style="-webkit-tap-highlight-color: transparent; -webkit-user-drag: none; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; user-select: text;">Stanford</span><span class="NormalTextRun SCXW121139493 BCX0" style="-webkit-tap-highlight-color: transparent; -webkit-user-drag: none; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; user-select: text;"> University drop-out and f</span><span class="NormalTextRun SCXW121139493 BCX0" style="-webkit-tap-highlight-color: transparent; -webkit-user-drag: none; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; user-select: text;">ormer </span><span class="NormalTextRun SCXW121139493 BCX0" style="-webkit-tap-highlight-color: transparent; -webkit-user-drag: none; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; user-select: text;">executive</span><span class="NormalTextRun SCXW121139493 BCX0" style="-webkit-tap-highlight-color: transparent; -webkit-user-drag: none; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; user-select: text;"> of the </span><span class="NormalTextRun SCXW121139493 BCX0" style="-webkit-tap-highlight-color: transparent; -webkit-user-drag: none; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; user-select: text;">H</span><span class="NormalTextRun SCXW121139493 BCX0" style="-webkit-tap-highlight-color: transparent; -webkit-user-drag: none; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; user-select: text;">ealth </span><span class="NormalTextRun SCXW121139493 BCX0" style="-webkit-tap-highlight-color: transparent; -webkit-user-drag: none; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; user-select: text;">T</span><span class="NormalTextRun SCXW121139493 BCX0" style="-webkit-tap-highlight-color: transparent; -webkit-user-drag: none; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; user-select: text;">echnology </span><span class="NormalTextRun SCXW121139493 BCX0" style="-webkit-tap-highlight-color: transparent; -webkit-user-drag: none; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; user-select: text;">C</span><span class="NormalTextRun SCXW121139493 BCX0" style="-webkit-tap-highlight-color: transparent; -webkit-user-drag: none; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; user-select: text;">orporation</span><span class="NormalTextRun SCXW121139493 BCX0" style="-webkit-tap-highlight-color: transparent; -webkit-user-drag: none; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; user-select: text;"> </span><span class="NormalTextRun SCXW121139493 BCX0" style="-webkit-tap-highlight-color: transparent; -webkit-user-drag: none; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; user-select: text;">Theranos</span><span class="NormalTextRun SCXW121139493 BCX0" style="-webkit-tap-highlight-color: transparent; -webkit-user-drag: none; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; user-select: text;">. </span><span class="NormalTextRun SCXW121139493 BCX0" style="-webkit-tap-highlight-color: transparent; -webkit-user-drag: none; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; user-select: text;">She founded the blood testing company in 2003</span><span class="NormalTextRun SCXW121139493 BCX0" style="-webkit-tap-highlight-color: transparent; -webkit-user-drag: none; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; user-select: text;">,</span><span class="NormalTextRun SCXW121139493 BCX0" style="-webkit-tap-highlight-color: transparent; -webkit-user-drag: none; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; user-select: text;"> </span><span class="NormalTextRun SCXW121139493 BCX0" style="-webkit-tap-highlight-color: transparent; -webkit-user-drag: none; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; user-select: text;">the test</span><span class="NormalTextRun SCXW121139493 BCX0" style="-webkit-tap-highlight-color: transparent; -webkit-user-drag: none; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; user-select: text;"> required </span><span class="NormalTextRun SCXW121139493 BCX0" style="-webkit-tap-highlight-color: transparent; -webkit-user-drag: none; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; user-select: text;">taking </span><span class="NormalTextRun SCXW121139493 BCX0" style="-webkit-tap-highlight-color: transparent; -webkit-user-drag: none; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; user-select: text;">small samples of blood to detect </span><span class="NormalTextRun SCXW121139493 BCX0" style="-webkit-tap-highlight-color: transparent; -webkit-user-drag: none; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; user-select: text;">abnormalities</span><span class="NormalTextRun SCXW121139493 BCX0" style="-webkit-tap-highlight-color: transparent; -webkit-user-drag: none; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; user-select: text;">.</span><span class="NormalTextRun SCXW121139493 BCX0" style="-webkit-tap-highlight-color: transparent; -webkit-user-drag: none; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; user-select: text;"> Holmes intent in the beginning was not </span><span class="NormalTextRun SCXW121139493 BCX0" style="-webkit-tap-highlight-color: transparent; -webkit-user-drag: none; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; user-select: text;">malicious</span><span class="NormalTextRun SCXW121139493 BCX0" style="-webkit-tap-highlight-color: transparent; -webkit-user-drag: none; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; user-select: text;">. </span><span class="NormalTextRun SCXW121139493 BCX0" style="-webkit-tap-highlight-color: transparent; -webkit-user-drag: none; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; user-select: text;">The controversy with her company began </span><span class="NormalTextRun SCXW121139493 BCX0" style="-webkit-tap-highlight-color: transparent; -webkit-user-drag: none; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; user-select: text;">in</span><span class="NormalTextRun SCXW121139493 BCX0" style="-webkit-tap-highlight-color: transparent; -webkit-user-drag: none; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; user-select: text;"> 2015</span><span class="NormalTextRun SCXW121139493 BCX0" style="-webkit-tap-highlight-color: transparent; -webkit-user-drag: none; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; user-select: text;">. The</span><span class="NormalTextRun SCXW121139493 BCX0" style="-webkit-tap-highlight-color: transparent; -webkit-user-drag: none; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; user-select: text;"> testing machine results were considered unreliable</span><span class="NormalTextRun SCXW121139493 BCX0" style="-webkit-tap-highlight-color: transparent; -webkit-user-drag: none; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; user-select: text;"> by a </span><span class="NormalTextRun SCXW121139493 BCX0" style="-webkit-tap-highlight-color: transparent; -webkit-user-drag: none; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; user-select: text;">W</span><span class="NormalTextRun SCXW121139493 BCX0" style="-webkit-tap-highlight-color: transparent; -webkit-user-drag: none; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; user-select: text;">all </span><span class="NormalTextRun SCXW121139493 BCX0" style="-webkit-tap-highlight-color: transparent; -webkit-user-drag: none; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; user-select: text;">S</span><span class="NormalTextRun SCXW121139493 BCX0" style="-webkit-tap-highlight-color: transparent; -webkit-user-drag: none; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; user-select: text;">treet </span><span class="NormalTextRun SCXW121139493 BCX0" style="-webkit-tap-highlight-color: transparent; -webkit-user-drag: none; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; user-select: text;">Journal </span><span class="NormalTextRun SCXW121139493 BCX0" style="-webkit-tap-highlight-color: transparent; -webkit-user-drag: none; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; user-select: text;">investigation;</span><span class="NormalTextRun SCXW121139493 BCX0" style="-webkit-tap-highlight-color: transparent; -webkit-user-drag: none; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; user-select: text;"> her company </span><span class="NormalTextRun SCXW121139493 BCX0" style="-webkit-tap-highlight-color: transparent; -webkit-user-drag: none; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; user-select: text;">ended</span><span class="NormalTextRun SCXW121139493 BCX0" style="-webkit-tap-highlight-color: transparent; -webkit-user-drag: none; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; user-select: text;"> in 2018.</span><span class="NormalTextRun SCXW121139493 BCX0" style="-webkit-tap-highlight-color: transparent; -webkit-user-drag: none; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; user-select: text;"> </span><span class="NormalTextRun SCXW121139493 BCX0" style="-webkit-tap-highlight-color: transparent; -webkit-user-drag: none; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; user-select: text;">Holmes </span><span class="NormalTextRun SCXW121139493 BCX0" style="-webkit-tap-highlight-color: transparent; -webkit-user-drag: none; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; user-select: text;">deceived</span><span class="NormalTextRun SCXW121139493 BCX0" style="-webkit-tap-highlight-color: transparent; -webkit-user-drag: none; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; user-select: text;"> her customers and </span><span class="NormalTextRun SCXW121139493 BCX0" style="-webkit-tap-highlight-color: transparent; -webkit-user-drag: none; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; user-select: text;">stakeholders by</span><span class="NormalTextRun SCXW121139493 BCX0" style="-webkit-tap-highlight-color: transparent; -webkit-user-drag: none; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; user-select: text;"> supplying them with false information about the results of the test</span><span class="NormalTextRun SCXW121139493 BCX0" style="-webkit-tap-highlight-color: transparent; -webkit-user-drag: none; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; user-select: text;"> not following Individualism</span><span class="NormalTextRun SCXW121139493 BCX0" style="-webkit-tap-highlight-color: transparent; -webkit-user-drag: none; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; user-select: text;">.</span><span class="NormalTextRun SCXW121139493 BCX0" style="-webkit-tap-highlight-color: transparent; -webkit-user-drag: none; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; user-select: text;"> </span><span class="NormalTextRun SCXW121139493 BCX0" style="-webkit-tap-highlight-color: transparent; -webkit-user-drag: none; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; user-select: text;">Her </span><span class="NormalTextRun SCXW121139493 BCX0" style="-webkit-tap-highlight-color: transparent; -webkit-user-drag: none; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; user-select: text;">involvement</span><span class="NormalTextRun SCXW121139493 BCX0" style="-webkit-tap-highlight-color: transparent; -webkit-user-drag: none; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; user-select: text;"> in the company led to her being charged with fraud. </span><span class="NormalTextRun SCXW121139493 BCX0" style="-webkit-tap-highlight-color: transparent; -webkit-user-drag: none; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; user-select: text;">Kantianism was not followed as </span><span class="NormalTextRun SCXW121139493 BCX0" style="-webkit-tap-highlight-color: transparent; -webkit-user-drag: none; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; user-select: text;">Holmes lied and manipulated her clients and stakeholders into believing her product wa</span><span class="NormalTextRun SCXW121139493 BCX0" style="-webkit-tap-highlight-color: transparent; -webkit-user-drag: none; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; user-select: text;">s reliable. </span><span class="NormalTextRun SCXW121139493 BCX0" style="-webkit-tap-highlight-color: transparent; -webkit-user-drag: none; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; user-select: text;">Her character traits did no</span><span class="NormalTextRun SCXW121139493 BCX0" style="-webkit-tap-highlight-color: transparent; -webkit-user-drag: none; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; user-select: text;">t follow the </span><span class="NormalTextRun SCXW121139493 BCX0" style="-webkit-tap-highlight-color: transparent; -webkit-user-drag: none; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; user-select: text;">theory of virtue</span><span class="NormalTextRun SCXW121139493 BCX0" style="-webkit-tap-highlight-color: transparent; -webkit-user-drag: none; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; user-select: text;">,</span><span class="NormalTextRun SCXW121139493 BCX0" style="-webkit-tap-highlight-color: transparent; -webkit-user-drag: none; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; user-select: text;"> </span><span class="NormalTextRun SCXW121139493 BCX0" style="-webkit-tap-highlight-color: transparent; -webkit-user-drag: none; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; user-select: text;">she</span><span class="NormalTextRun SCXW121139493 BCX0" style="-webkit-tap-highlight-color: transparent; -webkit-user-drag: none; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; user-select: text;"> was considered</span><span class="NormalTextRun SCXW121139493 BCX0" style="-webkit-tap-highlight-color: transparent; -webkit-user-drag: none; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; user-select: text;"> </span><span class="NormalTextRun SCXW121139493 BCX0" style="-webkit-tap-highlight-color: transparent; -webkit-user-drag: none; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; user-select: text;">selfish</span><span class="NormalTextRun SCXW121139493 BCX0" style="-webkit-tap-highlight-color: transparent; -webkit-user-drag: none; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; user-select: text;"> and a </span><span class="NormalTextRun SCXW121139493 BCX0" style="-webkit-tap-highlight-color: transparent; -webkit-user-drag: none; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; user-select: text;">con artist</span><span class="NormalTextRun SCXW121139493 BCX0" style="-webkit-tap-highlight-color: transparent; -webkit-user-drag: none; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; user-select: text;">,</span><span class="NormalTextRun SCXW121139493 BCX0" style="-webkit-tap-highlight-color: transparent; -webkit-user-drag: none; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; user-select: text;"> h</span><span class="NormalTextRun SCXW121139493 BCX0" style="-webkit-tap-highlight-color: transparent; -webkit-user-drag: none; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; user-select: text;">er actions resulted in </span><span class="NormalTextRun SCXW121139493 BCX0" style="-webkit-tap-highlight-color: transparent; -webkit-user-drag: none; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; user-select: text;">putting lives in danger</span><span class="NormalTextRun SCXW121139493 BCX0" style="-webkit-tap-highlight-color: transparent; -webkit-user-drag: none; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; user-select: text;">.</span><span class="NormalTextRun SCXW121139493 BCX0" style="-webkit-tap-highlight-color: transparent; -webkit-user-drag: none; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; user-select: text;"> </span><span class="NormalTextRun SCXW121139493 BCX0" style="-webkit-tap-highlight-color: transparent; -webkit-user-drag: none; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; user-select: text;">This</span><span class="NormalTextRun SCXW121139493 BCX0" style="-webkit-tap-highlight-color: transparent; -webkit-user-drag: none; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; user-select: text;"> </span><span class="NormalTextRun SCXW121139493 BCX0" style="-webkit-tap-highlight-color: transparent; -webkit-user-drag: none; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; user-select: text;">case</span><span class="NormalTextRun SCXW121139493 BCX0" style="-webkit-tap-highlight-color: transparent; -webkit-user-drag: none; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; user-select: text;"> began </span><span class="NormalTextRun SCXW121139493 BCX0" style="-webkit-tap-highlight-color: transparent; -webkit-user-drag: none; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; user-select: text;">on</span><span class="NormalTextRun SCXW121139493 BCX0" style="-webkit-tap-highlight-color: transparent; -webkit-user-drag: none; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; user-select: text;"> Ju</span><span class="NormalTextRun SCXW121139493 BCX0" style="-webkit-tap-highlight-color: transparent; -webkit-user-drag: none; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; user-select: text;">ne 18</span></span><span class="TextRun SCXW121139493 BCX0" data-contrast="none" lang="EN-US" style="-webkit-tap-highlight-color: transparent; -webkit-user-drag: none; font-family: "Times New Roman", "Times New Roman_EmbeddedFont", "Times New Roman_MSFontService", serif; font-size: 9.5pt; font-variant-ligatures: none !important; line-height: 36px; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; user-select: text;" xml:lang="EN-US"><span class="NormalTextRun Superscript SCXW121139493 BCX0" data-fontsize="12" style="-webkit-tap-highlight-color: transparent; -webkit-user-drag: none; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; user-select: text; vertical-align: super;">th</span></span><span class="TextRun SCXW121139493 BCX0" data-contrast="none" lang="EN-US" style="-webkit-tap-highlight-color: transparent; -webkit-user-drag: none; font-family: "Times New Roman", "Times New Roman_EmbeddedFont", "Times New Roman_MSFontService", serif; font-size: 12pt; font-variant-ligatures: none !important; line-height: 36px; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; user-select: text;" xml:lang="EN-US"><span class="NormalTextRun SCXW121139493 BCX0" style="-webkit-tap-highlight-color: transparent; -webkit-user-drag: none; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; user-select: text;"> of 20</span><span class="NormalTextRun SCXW121139493 BCX0" style="-webkit-tap-highlight-color: transparent; -webkit-user-drag: none; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; user-select: text;">18</span><span class="NormalTextRun SCXW121139493 BCX0" style="-webkit-tap-highlight-color: transparent; -webkit-user-drag: none; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; user-select: text;">. This case </span><span class="NormalTextRun SCXW121139493 BCX0" style="-webkit-tap-highlight-color: transparent; -webkit-user-drag: none; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; user-select: text;">was brought to trial in August 2021 and </span><span class="NormalTextRun SCXW121139493 BCX0" style="-webkit-tap-highlight-color: transparent; -webkit-user-drag: none; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; user-select: text;">was ongoing </span><span class="NormalTextRun SCXW121139493 BCX0" style="-webkit-tap-highlight-color: transparent; -webkit-user-drag: none; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; user-select: text;">until November 18</span></span><span class="TextRun SCXW121139493 BCX0" data-contrast="none" lang="EN-US" style="-webkit-tap-highlight-color: transparent; -webkit-user-drag: none; font-family: "Times New Roman", "Times New Roman_EmbeddedFont", "Times New Roman_MSFontService", serif; font-size: 9.5pt; font-variant-ligatures: none !important; line-height: 36px; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; user-select: text;" xml:lang="EN-US"><span class="NormalTextRun Superscript SCXW121139493 BCX0" data-fontsize="12" style="-webkit-tap-highlight-color: transparent; -webkit-user-drag: none; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; user-select: text; vertical-align: super;">th</span></span><span class="TextRun SCXW121139493 BCX0" data-contrast="none" lang="EN-US" style="-webkit-tap-highlight-color: transparent; -webkit-user-drag: none; font-family: "Times New Roman", "Times New Roman_EmbeddedFont", "Times New Roman_MSFontService", serif; font-size: 12pt; font-variant-ligatures: none !important; line-height: 36px; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; user-select: text;" xml:lang="EN-US"><span class="NormalTextRun SCXW121139493 BCX0" style="-webkit-tap-highlight-color: transparent; -webkit-user-drag: none; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; user-select: text;">, 2022,</span><span class="NormalTextRun SCXW121139493 BCX0" style="-webkit-tap-highlight-color: transparent; -webkit-user-drag: none; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; user-select: text;"> </span><span class="NormalTextRun SCXW121139493 BCX0" style="-webkit-tap-highlight-color: transparent; -webkit-user-drag: none; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; user-select: text;">in which </span><span class="NormalTextRun SCXW121139493 BCX0" style="-webkit-tap-highlight-color: transparent; -webkit-user-drag: none; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; user-select: text;">she got her final sentence. </span><span class="NormalTextRun SCXW121139493 BCX0" style="-webkit-tap-highlight-color: transparent; -webkit-user-drag: none; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; user-select: text;">Initially</span><span class="NormalTextRun SCXW121139493 BCX0" style="-webkit-tap-highlight-color: transparent; -webkit-user-drag: none; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; user-select: text;">,</span><span class="NormalTextRun SCXW121139493 BCX0" style="-webkit-tap-highlight-color: transparent; -webkit-user-drag: none; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; user-select: text;"> she was </span><span class="NormalTextRun SCXW121139493 BCX0" style="-webkit-tap-highlight-color: transparent; -webkit-user-drag: none; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; user-select: text;">charged for her involvement in the promotion of </span><span class="NormalTextRun SCXW121139493 BCX0" style="-webkit-tap-highlight-color: transparent; -webkit-user-drag: none; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; user-select: text;">Theranos</span><span class="NormalTextRun SCXW121139493 BCX0" style="-webkit-tap-highlight-color: transparent; -webkit-user-drag: none; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; user-select: text;">,</span><span class="NormalTextRun SCXW121139493 BCX0" style="-webkit-tap-highlight-color: transparent; -webkit-user-drag: none; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; user-select: text;"> Inc</span><span class="NormalTextRun SCXW121139493 BCX0" style="-webkit-tap-highlight-color: transparent; -webkit-user-drag: none; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; user-select: text;">.;</span><span class="NormalTextRun SCXW121139493 BCX0" style="-webkit-tap-highlight-color: transparent; -webkit-user-drag: none; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; user-select: text;"> a c</span><span class="NormalTextRun SCXW121139493 BCX0" style="-webkit-tap-highlight-color: transparent; -webkit-user-drag: none; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; user-select: text;">onsumer healthcare technology </span><span class="NormalTextRun SCXW121139493 BCX0" style="-webkit-tap-highlight-color: transparent; -webkit-user-drag: none; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; user-select: text;">start</span><span class="NormalTextRun SCXW121139493 BCX0" style="-webkit-tap-highlight-color: transparent; -webkit-user-drag: none; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; user-select: text;"> up</span><span class="NormalTextRun SCXW121139493 BCX0" style="-webkit-tap-highlight-color: transparent; -webkit-user-drag: none; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; user-select: text;">.</span><span class="NormalTextRun SCXW121139493 BCX0" style="-webkit-tap-highlight-color: transparent; -webkit-user-drag: none; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; user-select: text;"> She was </span><span class="NormalTextRun SCXW121139493 BCX0" style="-webkit-tap-highlight-color: transparent; -webkit-user-drag: none; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; user-select: text;">then </span><span class="NormalTextRun SCXW121139493 BCX0" style="-webkit-tap-highlight-color: transparent; -webkit-user-drag: none; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; user-select: text;">charged with </span><span class="NormalTextRun SCXW121139493 BCX0" style="-webkit-tap-highlight-color: transparent; -webkit-user-drag: none; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; user-select: text;">11 counts of fr</span><span class="NormalTextRun SCXW121139493 BCX0" style="-webkit-tap-highlight-color: transparent; -webkit-user-drag: none; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; user-select: text;">aud. </span><span class="NormalTextRun SCXW121139493 BCX0" style="-webkit-tap-highlight-color: transparent; -webkit-user-drag: none; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; user-select: text;">T</span><span class="NormalTextRun SCXW121139493 BCX0" style="-webkit-tap-highlight-color: transparent; -webkit-user-drag: none; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; user-select: text;">he jury</span><span class="NormalTextRun SCXW121139493 BCX0" style="-webkit-tap-highlight-color: transparent; -webkit-user-drag: none; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; user-select: text;">, after a long</span><span class="NormalTextRun SCXW121139493 BCX0" style="-webkit-tap-highlight-color: transparent; -webkit-user-drag: none; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; user-select: text;"> </span><span class="NormalTextRun SCXW121139493 BCX0" style="-webkit-tap-highlight-color: transparent; -webkit-user-drag: none; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; user-select: text;">debate,</span><span class="NormalTextRun SCXW121139493 BCX0" style="-webkit-tap-highlight-color: transparent; -webkit-user-drag: none; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; user-select: text;"> found </span><span class="NormalTextRun SCXW121139493 BCX0" style="-webkit-tap-highlight-color: transparent; -webkit-user-drag: none; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; user-select: text;">Holmes </span><span class="NormalTextRun SCXW121139493 BCX0" style="-webkit-tap-highlight-color: transparent; -webkit-user-drag: none; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; user-select: text;">guilty </span><span class="NormalTextRun SCXW121139493 BCX0" style="-webkit-tap-highlight-color: transparent; -webkit-user-drag: none; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; user-select: text;">of</span><span class="NormalTextRun SCXW121139493 BCX0" style="-webkit-tap-highlight-color: transparent; -webkit-user-drag: none; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; user-select: text;"> 4 of the 11 charg</span><span class="NormalTextRun SCXW121139493 BCX0" style="-webkit-tap-highlight-color: transparent; -webkit-user-drag: none; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; user-select: text;">es</span><span class="NormalTextRun SCXW121139493 BCX0" style="-webkit-tap-highlight-color: transparent; -webkit-user-drag: none; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; user-select: text;"> including investor fraud</span><span class="NormalTextRun SCXW121139493 BCX0" style="-webkit-tap-highlight-color: transparent; -webkit-user-drag: none; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; user-select: text;">, wire fraud</span><span class="NormalTextRun SCXW121139493 BCX0" style="-webkit-tap-highlight-color: transparent; -webkit-user-drag: none; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; user-select: text;"> and conspiracy</span><span class="NormalTextRun SCXW121139493 BCX0" style="-webkit-tap-highlight-color: transparent; -webkit-user-drag: none; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; user-select: text;">. </span></span><span class="EOP SCXW121139493 BCX0" data-ccp-props="{"201341983":0,"335559731":720,"335559739":160,"335559740":480}" style="-webkit-tap-highlight-color: transparent; -webkit-user-drag: none; font-family: "Times New Roman", "Times New Roman_EmbeddedFont", "Times New Roman_MSFontService", serif; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 36px; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; user-select: text;"> </span></p><p class="Paragraph SCXW121139493 BCX0" paraeid="{588b2f06-21c2-4e8a-82c0-3d1cc54deed9}{231}" paraid="1627905740" style="-webkit-tap-highlight-color: transparent; -webkit-user-drag: none; background-color: transparent; color: windowtext; font-kerning: none; margin: 0px; overflow-wrap: break-word; padding: 0px; text-indent: 48px; user-select: text; vertical-align: baseline; white-space: pre-wrap;"><span class="EOP SCXW121139493 BCX0" data-ccp-props="{"201341983":0,"335559731":720,"335559739":160,"335559740":480}" style="-webkit-tap-highlight-color: transparent; -webkit-user-drag: none; font-family: "Times New Roman", "Times New Roman_EmbeddedFont", "Times New Roman_MSFontService", serif; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 36px; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; user-select: text;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/a/AVvXsEiXSLHpVNOQrHhnk3-VJ2asvrAl4nZvbcplJSYxl2wEtEjlYv6ge-zXu7YIhmgQoCS15iA4gm8nNWFIFeFigSI6BK0vJlukhcwgsUrN-96tLQ85lLdO8KKhJC2BIqWK35V9ZuUw37lzp5HB3dMW37FIS4MH8utJspFP-CLC2y6Mjf4EMbXel5GzLbOCdg" style="font-family: "Segoe UI", "Segoe UI Web", Arial, Verdana, sans-serif; font-size: 12px; margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em; text-align: center; text-indent: 0px; white-space: normal;"><img alt="" data-original-height="600" data-original-width="900" height="213" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/a/AVvXsEiXSLHpVNOQrHhnk3-VJ2asvrAl4nZvbcplJSYxl2wEtEjlYv6ge-zXu7YIhmgQoCS15iA4gm8nNWFIFeFigSI6BK0vJlukhcwgsUrN-96tLQ85lLdO8KKhJC2BIqWK35V9ZuUw37lzp5HB3dMW37FIS4MH8utJspFP-CLC2y6Mjf4EMbXel5GzLbOCdg" width="320" /></a></span></p><div class="OutlineElement Ltr SCXW252255478 BCX0" style="-webkit-tap-highlight-color: transparent; -webkit-user-drag: none; clear: both; cursor: text; direction: ltr; margin: 0px; overflow: visible; padding: 0px; position: relative; user-select: text;"><i> The Edison Theranos technology<br /></i></div><div class="OutlineElement Ltr SCXW252255478 BCX0" style="-webkit-tap-highlight-color: transparent; -webkit-user-drag: none; clear: both; cursor: text; direction: ltr; margin: 0px; overflow: visible; padding: 0px; position: relative; user-select: text;"><i><br /></i></div></div><div class="OutlineElement Ltr SCXW121139493 BCX0" style="-webkit-tap-highlight-color: transparent; -webkit-user-drag: none; clear: both; cursor: text; direction: ltr; font-family: "Segoe UI", "Segoe UI Web", Arial, Verdana, sans-serif; font-size: 12px; margin: 0px; overflow: visible; padding: 0px; position: relative; user-select: text;"><p class="Paragraph SCXW121139493 BCX0" paraeid="{65a60d71-3022-4a91-984e-bbf745e01733}{71}" paraid="2107270063" style="-webkit-tap-highlight-color: transparent; -webkit-user-drag: none; background-color: transparent; color: windowtext; font-kerning: none; margin: 0px; overflow-wrap: break-word; padding: 0px; text-indent: 48px; user-select: text; vertical-align: baseline; white-space: pre-wrap;"><span class="TextRun SCXW121139493 BCX0" data-contrast="none" lang="EN-US" style="-webkit-tap-highlight-color: transparent; -webkit-user-drag: none; font-family: "Times New Roman", "Times New Roman_EmbeddedFont", "Times New Roman_MSFontService", serif; font-size: 12pt; font-variant-ligatures: none !important; font-weight: bold; line-height: 36px; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; user-select: text;" xml:lang="EN-US"><span class="NormalTextRun SCXW121139493 BCX0" style="-webkit-tap-highlight-color: transparent; -webkit-user-drag: none; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; user-select: text;">Ethics </span><span class="NormalTextRun SCXW121139493 BCX0" style="-webkit-tap-highlight-color: transparent; -webkit-user-drag: none; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; user-select: text;">C</span><span class="NormalTextRun SCXW121139493 BCX0" style="-webkit-tap-highlight-color: transparent; -webkit-user-drag: none; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; user-select: text;">ase </span><span class="NormalTextRun SCXW121139493 BCX0" style="-webkit-tap-highlight-color: transparent; -webkit-user-drag: none; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; user-select: text;">C</span><span class="NormalTextRun SCXW121139493 BCX0" style="-webkit-tap-highlight-color: transparent; -webkit-user-drag: none; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; user-select: text;">ontroversy </span></span><span class="EOP SCXW121139493 BCX0" data-ccp-props="{"201341983":0,"335559731":720,"335559739":160,"335559740":480}" style="-webkit-tap-highlight-color: transparent; -webkit-user-drag: none; font-family: "Times New Roman", "Times New Roman_EmbeddedFont", "Times New Roman_MSFontService", serif; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 36px; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; user-select: text;"> </span></p></div><div class="OutlineElement Ltr SCXW121139493 BCX0" style="-webkit-tap-highlight-color: transparent; -webkit-user-drag: none; clear: both; cursor: text; direction: ltr; font-family: "Segoe UI", "Segoe UI Web", Arial, Verdana, sans-serif; font-size: 12px; margin: 0px; overflow: visible; padding: 0px; position: relative; user-select: text;"><p class="Paragraph SCXW121139493 BCX0" paraeid="{65a60d71-3022-4a91-984e-bbf745e01733}{90}" paraid="1533103787" style="-webkit-tap-highlight-color: transparent; -webkit-user-drag: none; background-color: transparent; color: windowtext; font-kerning: none; margin: 0px; overflow-wrap: break-word; padding: 0px; text-indent: 48px; user-select: text; vertical-align: baseline; white-space: pre-wrap;"><span class="TextRun SCXW121139493 BCX0" data-contrast="none" lang="EN-US" style="-webkit-tap-highlight-color: transparent; -webkit-user-drag: none; font-family: "Times New Roman", "Times New Roman_EmbeddedFont", "Times New Roman_MSFontService", serif; font-size: 12pt; font-variant-ligatures: none !important; line-height: 36px; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; user-select: text;" xml:lang="EN-US"><span class="NormalTextRun SCXW121139493 BCX0" style="-webkit-tap-highlight-color: transparent; -webkit-user-drag: none; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; user-select: text;"> </span><span class="NormalTextRun SCXW121139493 BCX0" style="-webkit-tap-highlight-color: transparent; -webkit-user-drag: none; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; user-select: text;">Initially</span><span class="NormalTextRun SCXW121139493 BCX0" style="-webkit-tap-highlight-color: transparent; -webkit-user-drag: none; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; user-select: text;"> </span><span class="NormalTextRun SCXW121139493 BCX0" style="-webkit-tap-highlight-color: transparent; -webkit-user-drag: none; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; user-select: text;">the goal of this company was to revolutionize health care. The main goal of the company that goes along with revolutionizing healthcare was to </span><span class="NormalTextRun SCXW121139493 BCX0" style="-webkit-tap-highlight-color: transparent; -webkit-user-drag: none; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; user-select: text;">develop a </span><span class="NormalTextRun SCXW121139493 BCX0" style="-webkit-tap-highlight-color: transparent; -webkit-user-drag: none; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; user-select: text;">method</span><span class="NormalTextRun SCXW121139493 BCX0" style="-webkit-tap-highlight-color: transparent; -webkit-user-drag: none; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; user-select: text;"> for blood </span></span><span class="EOP SCXW121139493 BCX0" data-ccp-props="{"201341983":0,"335559731":720,"335559739":160,"335559740":480}" style="-webkit-tap-highlight-color: transparent; -webkit-user-drag: none; font-family: "Times New Roman", "Times New Roman_EmbeddedFont", "Times New Roman_MSFontService", serif; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 36px; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; user-select: text;"> </span></p></div><div class="OutlineElement Ltr SCXW121139493 BCX0" style="-webkit-tap-highlight-color: transparent; -webkit-user-drag: none; clear: both; cursor: text; direction: ltr; font-family: "Segoe UI", "Segoe UI Web", Arial, Verdana, sans-serif; font-size: 12px; margin: 0px; overflow: visible; padding: 0px; position: relative; user-select: text;"><p class="Paragraph SCXW121139493 BCX0" paraeid="{65a60d71-3022-4a91-984e-bbf745e01733}{112}" paraid="1606460999" style="-webkit-tap-highlight-color: transparent; -webkit-user-drag: none; background-color: transparent; color: windowtext; font-kerning: none; margin: 0px; overflow-wrap: break-word; padding: 0px; user-select: text; vertical-align: baseline; white-space: pre-wrap;"><span class="TextRun SCXW121139493 BCX0" data-contrast="none" lang="EN-US" style="-webkit-tap-highlight-color: transparent; -webkit-user-drag: none; font-family: "Times New Roman", "Times New Roman_EmbeddedFont", "Times New Roman_MSFontService", serif; font-size: 12pt; font-variant-ligatures: none !important; line-height: 36px; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; user-select: text;" xml:lang="EN-US"><span class="NormalTextRun SCXW121139493 BCX0" style="-webkit-tap-highlight-color: transparent; -webkit-user-drag: none; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; user-select: text;">diagnostic</span><span class="NormalTextRun SCXW121139493 BCX0" style="-webkit-tap-highlight-color: transparent; -webkit-user-drag: none; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; user-select: text;"> testing</span><span class="NormalTextRun SCXW121139493 BCX0" style="-webkit-tap-highlight-color: transparent; -webkit-user-drag: none; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; user-select: text;">. In 2003</span><span class="NormalTextRun SCXW121139493 BCX0" style="-webkit-tap-highlight-color: transparent; -webkit-user-drag: none; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; user-select: text;">,</span><span class="NormalTextRun SCXW121139493 BCX0" style="-webkit-tap-highlight-color: transparent; -webkit-user-drag: none; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; user-select: text;"> Holmes</span><span class="NormalTextRun SCXW121139493 BCX0" style="-webkit-tap-highlight-color: transparent; -webkit-user-drag: none; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; user-select: text;">,</span><span class="NormalTextRun SCXW121139493 BCX0" style="-webkit-tap-highlight-color: transparent; -webkit-user-drag: none; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; user-select: text;"> </span><span class="NormalTextRun SCXW121139493 BCX0" style="-webkit-tap-highlight-color: transparent; -webkit-user-drag: none; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; user-select: text;">who </span><span class="NormalTextRun SCXW121139493 BCX0" style="-webkit-tap-highlight-color: transparent; -webkit-user-drag: none; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; user-select: text;">attended </span><span class="NormalTextRun SCXW121139493 BCX0" style="-webkit-tap-highlight-color: transparent; -webkit-user-drag: none; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; user-select: text;">Stanford</span><span class="NormalTextRun SCXW121139493 BCX0" style="-webkit-tap-highlight-color: transparent; -webkit-user-drag: none; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; user-select: text;"> </span><span class="NormalTextRun SCXW121139493 BCX0" style="-webkit-tap-highlight-color: transparent; -webkit-user-drag: none; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; user-select: text;">University but later dropped out after starting her company</span><span class="NormalTextRun SCXW121139493 BCX0" style="-webkit-tap-highlight-color: transparent; -webkit-user-drag: none; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; user-select: text;">. Her company </span><span class="NormalTextRun SCXW121139493 BCX0" style="-webkit-tap-highlight-color: transparent; -webkit-user-drag: none; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; user-select: text;">began</span><span class="NormalTextRun SCXW121139493 BCX0" style="-webkit-tap-highlight-color: transparent; -webkit-user-drag: none; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; user-select: text;"> </span><span class="NormalTextRun SCXW121139493 BCX0" style="-webkit-tap-highlight-color: transparent; -webkit-user-drag: none; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; user-select: text;">to raise</span><span class="NormalTextRun SCXW121139493 BCX0" style="-webkit-tap-highlight-color: transparent; -webkit-user-drag: none; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; user-select: text;"> millions of dollars</span><span class="NormalTextRun SCXW121139493 BCX0" style="-webkit-tap-highlight-color: transparent; -webkit-user-drag: none; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; user-select: text;">. </span><span class="NormalTextRun SCXW121139493 BCX0" style="-webkit-tap-highlight-color: transparent; -webkit-user-drag: none; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; user-select: text;">Holmes </span><span class="NormalTextRun SCXW121139493 BCX0" style="-webkit-tap-highlight-color: transparent; -webkit-user-drag: none; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; user-select: text;">and her</span><span class="NormalTextRun SCXW121139493 BCX0" style="-webkit-tap-highlight-color: transparent; -webkit-user-drag: none; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; user-select: text;"> </span><span class="NormalTextRun SCXW121139493 BCX0" style="-webkit-tap-highlight-color: transparent; -webkit-user-drag: none; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; user-select: text;">associates</span><span class="NormalTextRun SCXW121139493 BCX0" style="-webkit-tap-highlight-color: transparent; -webkit-user-drag: none; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; user-select: text;"> </span><span class="NormalTextRun SCXW121139493 BCX0" style="-webkit-tap-highlight-color: transparent; -webkit-user-drag: none; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; user-select: text;">marketed </span><span class="NormalTextRun SCXW121139493 BCX0" style="-webkit-tap-highlight-color: transparent; -webkit-user-drag: none; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; user-select: text;">her product as</span><span class="NormalTextRun SCXW121139493 BCX0" style="-webkit-tap-highlight-color: transparent; -webkit-user-drag: none; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; user-select: text;"> one</span><span class="NormalTextRun SCXW121139493 BCX0" style="-webkit-tap-highlight-color: transparent; -webkit-user-drag: none; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; user-select: text;"> prick of the finger</span><span class="NormalTextRun SCXW121139493 BCX0" style="-webkit-tap-highlight-color: transparent; -webkit-user-drag: none; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; user-select: text;"> could offer 240 tests</span><span class="NormalTextRun SCXW121139493 BCX0" style="-webkit-tap-highlight-color: transparent; -webkit-user-drag: none; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; user-select: text;">;</span><span class="NormalTextRun SCXW121139493 BCX0" style="-webkit-tap-highlight-color: transparent; -webkit-user-drag: none; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; user-select: text;"> </span><span class="NormalTextRun SCXW121139493 BCX0" style="-webkit-tap-highlight-color: transparent; -webkit-user-drag: none; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; user-select: text;">getting the</span><span class="NormalTextRun SCXW121139493 BCX0" style="-webkit-tap-highlight-color: transparent; -webkit-user-drag: none; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; user-select: text;"> results in only a few hours. </span></span><span class="TextRun SCXW121139493 BCX0" data-contrast="auto" lang="EN-US" style="-webkit-tap-highlight-color: transparent; -webkit-user-drag: none; font-family: "Times New Roman", "Times New Roman_EmbeddedFont", "Times New Roman_MSFontService", serif; font-size: 12pt; font-variant-ligatures: none !important; line-height: 36px; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; user-select: text;" xml:lang="EN-US"><span class="NormalTextRun SCXW121139493 BCX0" style="-webkit-tap-highlight-color: transparent; -webkit-user-drag: none; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; user-select: text;">The primary technology was called the Edison, named after the inventor Thomas Edison. Holmes </span><span class="NormalTextRun SCXW121139493 BCX0" style="-webkit-tap-highlight-color: transparent; -webkit-user-drag: none; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; user-select: text;">objective</span><span class="NormalTextRun SCXW121139493 BCX0" style="-webkit-tap-highlight-color: transparent; -webkit-user-drag: none; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; user-select: text;"> was to help with the discomfort of having blood taken. Both Holmes and her COO Sunny </span><span class="NormalTextRun SpellingErrorV2Themed SCXW121139493 BCX0" style="-webkit-tap-highlight-color: transparent; -webkit-user-drag: none; background-image: var(--urlSpellingErrorV2, url("data:image/svg+xml;base64,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")); background-position: left bottom; background-repeat: repeat-x; border-bottom: 1px solid transparent; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; user-select: text;">Balwani</span><span class="NormalTextRun SCXW121139493 BCX0" style="-webkit-tap-highlight-color: transparent; -webkit-user-drag: none; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; user-select: text;"> started the company with good intentions</span><span class="NormalTextRun SCXW121139493 BCX0" style="-webkit-tap-highlight-color: transparent; -webkit-user-drag: none; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; user-select: text;">. (</span><span class="NormalTextRun SCXW121139493 BCX0" style="-webkit-tap-highlight-color: transparent; -webkit-user-drag: none; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; user-select: text;">Beltran)</span></span><span class="TextRun SCXW121139493 BCX0" data-contrast="none" lang="EN-US" style="-webkit-tap-highlight-color: transparent; -webkit-user-drag: none; font-family: "Times New Roman", "Times New Roman_EmbeddedFont", "Times New Roman_MSFontService", serif; font-size: 12pt; font-variant-ligatures: none !important; line-height: 36px; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; user-select: text;" xml:lang="EN-US"><span class="NormalTextRun SCXW121139493 BCX0" style="-webkit-tap-highlight-color: transparent; -webkit-user-drag: none; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; user-select: text;"> Her company began to raise millions of </span><span class="NormalTextRun SCXW121139493 BCX0" style="-webkit-tap-highlight-color: transparent; -webkit-user-drag: none; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; user-select: text;">dollars. The</span><span class="NormalTextRun SCXW121139493 BCX0" style="-webkit-tap-highlight-color: transparent; -webkit-user-drag: none; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; user-select: text;"> technology soon caught people’s attention and it began to be marketed in news magazines and on television shows. They would talk about how successful it was. Holmes was able to get society to believe in her company and soon after was backed by investors who saw potential in the technology she created. The company was now valued at </span><span class="NormalTextRun AdvancedProofingIssueV2Themed SCXW121139493 BCX0" style="-webkit-tap-highlight-color: transparent; -webkit-user-drag: none; background-image: var(--urlAdvancedProofingIssueV2, url("data:image/svg+xml;base64,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")); background-position: left bottom; background-repeat: repeat-x; border-bottom: 1px solid transparent; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; user-select: text;">9 billion dollars</span><span class="NormalTextRun SCXW121139493 BCX0" style="-webkit-tap-highlight-color: transparent; -webkit-user-drag: none; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; user-select: text;">. </span></span><span class="EOP SCXW121139493 BCX0" data-ccp-props="{"201341983":0,"335559739":160,"335559740":480}" style="-webkit-tap-highlight-color: transparent; -webkit-user-drag: none; font-family: "Times New Roman", "Times New Roman_EmbeddedFont", "Times New Roman_MSFontService", serif; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 36px; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; user-select: text;"> </span></p></div><div class="OutlineElement Ltr SCXW121139493 BCX0" style="-webkit-tap-highlight-color: transparent; -webkit-user-drag: none; clear: both; cursor: text; direction: ltr; font-family: "Segoe UI", "Segoe UI Web", Arial, Verdana, sans-serif; font-size: 12px; margin: 0px; overflow: visible; padding: 0px; position: relative; user-select: text;"><p class="Paragraph SCXW121139493 BCX0" paraeid="{65a60d71-3022-4a91-984e-bbf745e01733}{224}" paraid="239253604" style="-webkit-tap-highlight-color: transparent; -webkit-user-drag: none; background-color: transparent; color: windowtext; font-kerning: none; margin: 0px; overflow-wrap: break-word; padding: 0px; text-indent: 48px; user-select: text; vertical-align: baseline; white-space: pre-wrap;"><span class="TextRun SCXW121139493 BCX0" data-contrast="none" lang="EN-US" style="-webkit-tap-highlight-color: transparent; -webkit-user-drag: none; font-family: "Times New Roman", "Times New Roman_EmbeddedFont", "Times New Roman_MSFontService", serif; font-size: 12pt; font-variant-ligatures: none !important; line-height: 36px; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; user-select: text;" xml:lang="EN-US"><span class="NormalTextRun SCXW121139493 BCX0" style="-webkit-tap-highlight-color: transparent; -webkit-user-drag: none; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; user-select: text;">Ethically things began to change</span><span class="NormalTextRun SCXW121139493 BCX0" style="-webkit-tap-highlight-color: transparent; -webkit-user-drag: none; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; user-select: text;">,</span><span class="NormalTextRun SCXW121139493 BCX0" style="-webkit-tap-highlight-color: transparent; -webkit-user-drag: none; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; user-select: text;"> </span><span class="NormalTextRun SCXW121139493 BCX0" style="-webkit-tap-highlight-color: transparent; -webkit-user-drag: none; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; user-select: text;">an investigation revealed </span><span class="NormalTextRun SCXW121139493 BCX0" style="-webkit-tap-highlight-color: transparent; -webkit-user-drag: none; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; user-select: text;">they were giv</span><span class="NormalTextRun SCXW121139493 BCX0" style="-webkit-tap-highlight-color: transparent; -webkit-user-drag: none; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; user-select: text;">en</span><span class="NormalTextRun SCXW121139493 BCX0" style="-webkit-tap-highlight-color: transparent; -webkit-user-drag: none; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; user-select: text;"> false information on how </span><span class="NormalTextRun SCXW121139493 BCX0" style="-webkit-tap-highlight-color: transparent; -webkit-user-drag: none; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; user-select: text;">accurate</span><span class="NormalTextRun SCXW121139493 BCX0" style="-webkit-tap-highlight-color: transparent; -webkit-user-drag: none; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; user-select: text;"> the blood testing was</span><span class="NormalTextRun SCXW121139493 BCX0" style="-webkit-tap-highlight-color: transparent; -webkit-user-drag: none; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; user-select: text;">.</span><span class="NormalTextRun SCXW121139493 BCX0" style="-webkit-tap-highlight-color: transparent; -webkit-user-drag: none; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; user-select: text;"> </span><span class="NormalTextRun SCXW121139493 BCX0" style="-webkit-tap-highlight-color: transparent; -webkit-user-drag: none; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; user-select: text;">Elizabeth Holmes was seen to be </span><span class="NormalTextRun SCXW121139493 BCX0" style="-webkit-tap-highlight-color: transparent; -webkit-user-drag: none; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; user-select: text;">a </span><span class="NormalTextRun SCXW121139493 BCX0" style="-webkit-tap-highlight-color: transparent; -webkit-user-drag: none; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; user-select: text;">phenomenally successful intelligent </span><span class="NormalTextRun SCXW121139493 BCX0" style="-webkit-tap-highlight-color: transparent; -webkit-user-drag: none; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; user-select: text;">woman until</span><span class="NormalTextRun SCXW121139493 BCX0" style="-webkit-tap-highlight-color: transparent; -webkit-user-drag: none; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; user-select: text;"> she </span><span class="NormalTextRun SCXW121139493 BCX0" style="-webkit-tap-highlight-color: transparent; -webkit-user-drag: none; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; user-select: text;">started</span><span class="NormalTextRun SCXW121139493 BCX0" style="-webkit-tap-highlight-color: transparent; -webkit-user-drag: none; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; user-select: text;"> manipulating people </span><span class="NormalTextRun SCXW121139493 BCX0" style="-webkit-tap-highlight-color: transparent; -webkit-user-drag: none; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; user-select: text;">that had</span><span class="NormalTextRun SCXW121139493 BCX0" style="-webkit-tap-highlight-color: transparent; -webkit-user-drag: none; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; user-select: text;"> less </span><span class="NormalTextRun SCXW121139493 BCX0" style="-webkit-tap-highlight-color: transparent; -webkit-user-drag: none; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; user-select: text;">knowledge</span><span class="NormalTextRun SCXW121139493 BCX0" style="-webkit-tap-highlight-color: transparent; -webkit-user-drag: none; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; user-select: text;"> about </span><span class="NormalTextRun SCXW121139493 BCX0" style="-webkit-tap-highlight-color: transparent; -webkit-user-drag: none; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; user-select: text;">the blood sampling technology. </span><span class="NormalTextRun SCXW121139493 BCX0" style="-webkit-tap-highlight-color: transparent; -webkit-user-drag: none; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; user-select: text;">T</span><span class="NormalTextRun SCXW121139493 BCX0" style="-webkit-tap-highlight-color: transparent; -webkit-user-drag: none; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; user-select: text;">he </span><span class="NormalTextRun SCXW121139493 BCX0" style="-webkit-tap-highlight-color: transparent; -webkit-user-drag: none; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; user-select: text;">W</span><span class="NormalTextRun SCXW121139493 BCX0" style="-webkit-tap-highlight-color: transparent; -webkit-user-drag: none; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; user-select: text;">all </span><span class="NormalTextRun SCXW121139493 BCX0" style="-webkit-tap-highlight-color: transparent; -webkit-user-drag: none; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; user-select: text;">S</span><span class="NormalTextRun SCXW121139493 BCX0" style="-webkit-tap-highlight-color: transparent; -webkit-user-drag: none; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; user-select: text;">treet </span><span class="NormalTextRun SCXW121139493 BCX0" style="-webkit-tap-highlight-color: transparent; -webkit-user-drag: none; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; user-select: text;">Journal</span><span class="NormalTextRun SCXW121139493 BCX0" style="-webkit-tap-highlight-color: transparent; -webkit-user-drag: none; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; user-select: text;"> </span><span class="NormalTextRun SCXW121139493 BCX0" style="-webkit-tap-highlight-color: transparent; -webkit-user-drag: none; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; user-select: text;">published an article about</span><span class="NormalTextRun SCXW121139493 BCX0" style="-webkit-tap-highlight-color: transparent; -webkit-user-drag: none; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; user-select: text;"> an investigation of the company. Th</span><span class="NormalTextRun SCXW121139493 BCX0" style="-webkit-tap-highlight-color: transparent; -webkit-user-drag: none; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; user-select: text;">e</span><span class="NormalTextRun SCXW121139493 BCX0" style="-webkit-tap-highlight-color: transparent; -webkit-user-drag: none; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; user-select: text;"> article was </span><span class="NormalTextRun SCXW121139493 BCX0" style="-webkit-tap-highlight-color: transparent; -webkit-user-drag: none; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; user-select: text;">written</span><span class="NormalTextRun SCXW121139493 BCX0" style="-webkit-tap-highlight-color: transparent; -webkit-user-drag: none; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; user-select: text;"> in 2015 by</span></span><span class="TextRun SCXW121139493 BCX0" data-contrast="auto" lang="EN-US" style="-webkit-tap-highlight-color: transparent; -webkit-user-drag: none; font-family: "Times New Roman", "Times New Roman_EmbeddedFont", "Times New Roman_MSFontService", serif; 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background-position: left bottom; background-repeat: repeat-x; border-bottom: 1px solid transparent; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; user-select: text;">a</span><span class="NormalTextRun SCXW121139493 BCX0" style="-webkit-tap-highlight-color: transparent; -webkit-user-drag: none; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; user-select: text;"> journalist with the </span><span class="NormalTextRun SCXW121139493 BCX0" style="-webkit-tap-highlight-color: transparent; -webkit-user-drag: none; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; user-select: text;">W</span><span class="NormalTextRun SCXW121139493 BCX0" style="-webkit-tap-highlight-color: transparent; -webkit-user-drag: none; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; user-select: text;">all </span><span class="NormalTextRun SCXW121139493 BCX0" style="-webkit-tap-highlight-color: transparent; -webkit-user-drag: none; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; user-select: text;">S</span><span class="NormalTextRun SCXW121139493 BCX0" style="-webkit-tap-highlight-color: transparent; -webkit-user-drag: none; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; user-select: text;">treet </span><span class="NormalTextRun SCXW121139493 BCX0" style="-webkit-tap-highlight-color: transparent; -webkit-user-drag: none; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; user-select: text;">J</span><span class="NormalTextRun SCXW121139493 BCX0" style="-webkit-tap-highlight-color: transparent; -webkit-user-drag: none; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; user-select: text;">ournal</span><span class="NormalTextRun SCXW121139493 BCX0" style="-webkit-tap-highlight-color: transparent; -webkit-user-drag: none; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; user-select: text;">. He</span><span class="NormalTextRun SCXW121139493 BCX0" style="-webkit-tap-highlight-color: transparent; -webkit-user-drag: none; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; user-select: text;"> </span><span class="NormalTextRun SCXW121139493 BCX0" style="-webkit-tap-highlight-color: transparent; -webkit-user-drag: none; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; user-select: text;">stated</span><span class="NormalTextRun SCXW121139493 BCX0" style="-webkit-tap-highlight-color: transparent; -webkit-user-drag: none; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; user-select: text;"> that investors have invested over 400 million dollars </span><span class="NormalTextRun SCXW121139493 BCX0" style="-webkit-tap-highlight-color: transparent; -webkit-user-drag: none; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; user-select: text;">in</span><span class="NormalTextRun SCXW121139493 BCX0" style="-webkit-tap-highlight-color: transparent; -webkit-user-drag: none; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; user-select: text;"> the </span><span class="NormalTextRun SCXW121139493 BCX0" style="-webkit-tap-highlight-color: transparent; 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-webkit-user-drag: none; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; user-select: text;"> they </span><span class="NormalTextRun SCXW121139493 BCX0" style="-webkit-tap-highlight-color: transparent; -webkit-user-drag: none; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; user-select: text;">struggled</span><span class="NormalTextRun SCXW121139493 BCX0" style="-webkit-tap-highlight-color: transparent; -webkit-user-drag: none; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; user-select: text;"> with putting </span><span class="NormalTextRun SCXW121139493 BCX0" style="-webkit-tap-highlight-color: transparent; -webkit-user-drag: none; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; user-select: text;">technology</span><span class="NormalTextRun SCXW121139493 BCX0" style="-webkit-tap-highlight-color: transparent; -webkit-user-drag: none; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; user-select: text;"> in</span><span class="NormalTextRun SCXW121139493 BCX0" style="-webkit-tap-highlight-color: transparent; -webkit-user-drag: none; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; user-select: text;">to reality.</span><span class="NormalTextRun SCXW121139493 BCX0" style="-webkit-tap-highlight-color: transparent; -webkit-user-drag: none; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; user-select: text;"> </span><span class="NormalTextRun SCXW121139493 BCX0" style="-webkit-tap-highlight-color: transparent; -webkit-user-drag: none; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; user-select: text;">A former employee from </span><span class="NormalTextRun SCXW121139493 BCX0" style="-webkit-tap-highlight-color: transparent; -webkit-user-drag: none; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; user-select: text;">Theranos</span><span class="NormalTextRun SCXW121139493 BCX0" style="-webkit-tap-highlight-color: transparent; -webkit-user-drag: none; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; user-select: text;">, Inc. spoke with </span><span class="NormalTextRun SpellingErrorV2Themed SCXW121139493 BCX0" style="-webkit-tap-highlight-color: transparent; -webkit-user-drag: none; background-image: var(--urlSpellingErrorV2, url("data:image/svg+xml;base64,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")); background-position: left bottom; background-repeat: repeat-x; border-bottom: 1px solid transparent; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; user-select: text;">Carreyrou</span><span class="NormalTextRun SCXW121139493 BCX0" style="-webkit-tap-highlight-color: transparent; -webkit-user-drag: none; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; user-select: text;"> </span><span class="NormalTextRun SCXW121139493 BCX0" style="-webkit-tap-highlight-color: transparent; -webkit-user-drag: none; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; user-select: text;">about the accuracy of the test </span><span class="NormalTextRun ContextualSpellingAndGrammarErrorV2Themed SCXW121139493 BCX0" style="-webkit-tap-highlight-color: transparent; -webkit-user-drag: none; background-image: var(--urlContextualSpellingAndGrammarErrorV2, url("data:image/svg+xml;base64,PD94bWwgdmVyc2lvbj0iMS4wIiBlbmNvZGluZz0iVVRGLTgiPz4KPHN2ZyB3aWR0aD0iNXB4IiBoZWlnaHQ9IjNweCIgdmlld0JveD0iMCAwIDUgMyIgdmVyc2lvbj0iMS4xIiB4bWxucz0iaHR0cDovL3d3dy53My5vcmcvMjAwMC9zdmciIHhtbG5zOnhsaW5rPSJodHRwOi8vd3d3LnczLm9yZy8xOTk5L3hsaW5rIj4KICAgIDwhLS0gR2VuZXJhdG9yOiBTa2V0Y2ggNTUuMiAoNzgxODEpIC0gaHR0cHM6Ly9za2V0Y2hhcHAuY29tIC0tPgogICAgPHRpdGxlPmdyYW1tYXJfZG91YmxlX2xpbmU8L3RpdGxlPgogICAgPGRlc2M+Q3JlYXRlZCB3aXRoIFNrZXRjaC48L2Rlc2M+CiAgICA8ZyBpZD0iZ3JhbW1hcl9kb3VibGVfbGluZSIgc3Ryb2tlPSJub25lIiBzdHJva2Utd2lkdGg9IjEiIGZpbGw9Im5vbmUiIGZpbGwtcnVsZT0iZXZlbm9kZCIgc3Ryb2tlLWxpbmVjYXA9InJvdW5kIj4KICAgICAgICA8ZyBpZD0iR3JhbW1hci1UaWxlLUNvcHkiIHN0cm9rZT0iIzMzNTVGRiI+CiAgICAgICAgICAgIDxwYXRoIGQ9Ik0wLDAuNSBMNSwwLjUiIGlkPSJMaW5lLTItQ29weS0xMCI+PC9wYXRoPgogICAgICAgICAgICA8cGF0aCBkPSJNMCwyLjUgTDUsMi41IiBpZD0iTGluZS0yLUNvcHktMTEiPjwvcGF0aD4KICAgICAgICA8L2c+CiAgICA8L2c+Cjwvc3ZnPg==")); background-position: left bottom; background-repeat: repeat-x; border-bottom: 1px solid transparent; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; user-select: text;">and</span><span class="NormalTextRun SCXW121139493 BCX0" style="-webkit-tap-highlight-color: transparent; -webkit-user-drag: none; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; user-select: text;"> that he and other employees felt the same way. </span><span class="NormalTextRun SCXW121139493 BCX0" style="-webkit-tap-highlight-color: transparent; -webkit-user-drag: none; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; user-select: text;">Soon after other </span><span class="NormalTextRun SCXW121139493 BCX0" style="-webkit-tap-highlight-color: transparent; -webkit-user-drag: none; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; user-select: text;">employees </span><span class="NormalTextRun SCXW121139493 BCX0" style="-webkit-tap-highlight-color: transparent; -webkit-user-drag: none; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; user-select: text;">accused them of </span><span class="NormalTextRun SCXW121139493 BCX0" style="-webkit-tap-highlight-color: transparent; -webkit-user-drag: none; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; user-select: text;">failing to give</span><span class="NormalTextRun SCXW121139493 BCX0" style="-webkit-tap-highlight-color: transparent; -webkit-user-drag: none; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; user-select: text;"> test results back. </span><span class="NormalTextRun SCXW121139493 BCX0" style="-webkit-tap-highlight-color: transparent; -webkit-user-drag: none; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; user-select: text;">This was the beginni</span><span class="NormalTextRun SCXW121139493 BCX0" style="-webkit-tap-highlight-color: transparent; -webkit-user-drag: none; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; user-select: text;">ng of </span><span class="NormalTextRun SCXW121139493 BCX0" style="-webkit-tap-highlight-color: transparent; -webkit-user-drag: none; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; user-select: text;">unethical behavior.</span><span class="NormalTextRun SCXW121139493 BCX0" style="-webkit-tap-highlight-color: transparent; -webkit-user-drag: none; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; user-select: text;"> This got people questioning the </span><span class="NormalTextRun SCXW121139493 BCX0" style="-webkit-tap-highlight-color: transparent; -webkit-user-drag: none; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; user-select: text;">accuracy</span><span class="NormalTextRun SCXW121139493 BCX0" style="-webkit-tap-highlight-color: transparent; -webkit-user-drag: none; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; user-select: text;"> of the technology. </span></span><span class="EOP SCXW121139493 BCX0" data-ccp-props="{"201341983":0,"335559731":720,"335559739":160,"335559740":480}" style="-webkit-tap-highlight-color: transparent; -webkit-user-drag: none; font-family: "Times New Roman", "Times New Roman_EmbeddedFont", "Times New Roman_MSFontService", serif; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 36px; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; user-select: text;"> </span></p></div><div class="OutlineElement Ltr SCXW121139493 BCX0" style="-webkit-tap-highlight-color: transparent; -webkit-user-drag: none; clear: both; cursor: text; direction: ltr; margin: 0px; overflow: visible; padding: 0px; position: relative; user-select: text;"><p class="Paragraph SCXW121139493 BCX0" paraeid="{424649e0-5a0e-44bd-88f4-a85f60b66f11}{155}" paraid="684261978" style="-webkit-tap-highlight-color: transparent; -webkit-user-drag: none; background-color: transparent; color: windowtext; font-family: "Segoe UI", "Segoe UI Web", Arial, Verdana, sans-serif; font-kerning: none; font-size: 12px; margin: 0px; overflow-wrap: break-word; padding: 0px; text-indent: 48px; user-select: text; vertical-align: baseline; white-space: pre-wrap;"><span class="TextRun SCXW121139493 BCX0" data-contrast="auto" lang="EN-US" style="-webkit-tap-highlight-color: transparent; -webkit-user-drag: none; font-family: "Times New Roman", "Times New Roman_EmbeddedFont", "Times New Roman_MSFontService", serif; font-size: 12pt; font-variant-ligatures: none !important; line-height: 36px; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; user-select: text;" xml:lang="EN-US"><span class="NormalTextRun SCXW121139493 BCX0" style="-webkit-tap-highlight-color: transparent; -webkit-user-drag: none; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; user-select: text;">Th</span><span class="NormalTextRun SCXW121139493 BCX0" style="-webkit-tap-highlight-color: transparent; -webkit-user-drag: none; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; user-select: text;">e</span><span class="NormalTextRun SCXW121139493 BCX0" style="-webkit-tap-highlight-color: transparent; -webkit-user-drag: none; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; user-select: text;"> </span><span class="NormalTextRun SCXW121139493 BCX0" style="-webkit-tap-highlight-color: transparent; -webkit-user-drag: none; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; user-select: text;">medical testing device </span><span class="NormalTextRun SCXW121139493 BCX0" style="-webkit-tap-highlight-color: transparent; -webkit-user-drag: none; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; user-select: text;">being</span><span class="NormalTextRun SCXW121139493 BCX0" style="-webkit-tap-highlight-color: transparent; -webkit-user-drag: none; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; user-select: text;"> used</span><span class="NormalTextRun SCXW121139493 BCX0" style="-webkit-tap-highlight-color: transparent; -webkit-user-drag: none; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; user-select: text;"> was </span><span class="NormalTextRun SCXW121139493 BCX0" style="-webkit-tap-highlight-color: transparent; -webkit-user-drag: none; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; user-select: text;">deceptive and </span><span class="NormalTextRun SCXW121139493 BCX0" style="-webkit-tap-highlight-color: transparent; -webkit-user-drag: none; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; user-select: text;">did not give </span><span class="NormalTextRun SCXW121139493 BCX0" style="-webkit-tap-highlight-color: transparent; -webkit-user-drag: none; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; user-select: text;">accurate</span><span class="NormalTextRun SCXW121139493 BCX0" style="-webkit-tap-highlight-color: transparent; -webkit-user-drag: none; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; user-select: text;"> testing results</span><span class="NormalTextRun SCXW121139493 BCX0" style="-webkit-tap-highlight-color: transparent; -webkit-user-drag: none; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; user-select: text;"> which caused controversy</span><span class="NormalTextRun SCXW121139493 BCX0" style="-webkit-tap-highlight-color: transparent; -webkit-user-drag: none; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; user-select: text;"> within the</span><span class="NormalTextRun SCXW121139493 BCX0" style="-webkit-tap-highlight-color: transparent; -webkit-user-drag: none; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; user-select: text;"> </span><span class="NormalTextRun SCXW121139493 BCX0" style="-webkit-tap-highlight-color: transparent; -webkit-user-drag: none; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; user-select: text;">W</span><span class="NormalTextRun SCXW121139493 BCX0" style="-webkit-tap-highlight-color: transparent; -webkit-user-drag: none; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; user-select: text;">all </span><span class="NormalTextRun SCXW121139493 BCX0" style="-webkit-tap-highlight-color: transparent; -webkit-user-drag: none; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; user-select: text;">St</span><span class="NormalTextRun SCXW121139493 BCX0" style="-webkit-tap-highlight-color: transparent; -webkit-user-drag: none; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; user-select: text;">reet </span><span class="NormalTextRun SCXW121139493 BCX0" style="-webkit-tap-highlight-color: transparent; -webkit-user-drag: none; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; user-select: text;">J</span><span class="NormalTextRun SCXW121139493 BCX0" style="-webkit-tap-highlight-color: transparent; -webkit-user-drag: none; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; user-select: text;">ournal and other news outlets. </span><span class="NormalTextRun SCXW121139493 BCX0" style="-webkit-tap-highlight-color: transparent; -webkit-user-drag: none; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; user-select: text;">M</span><span class="NormalTextRun SCXW121139493 BCX0" style="-webkit-tap-highlight-color: transparent; -webkit-user-drag: none; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; user-select: text;">ore questions </span><span class="NormalTextRun SCXW121139493 BCX0" style="-webkit-tap-highlight-color: transparent; -webkit-user-drag: none; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; user-select: text;">began </span><span class="NormalTextRun SCXW121139493 BCX0" style="-webkit-tap-highlight-color: transparent; -webkit-user-drag: none; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; user-select: text;">to be raised about Holmes</span><span class="NormalTextRun SCXW121139493 BCX0" style="-webkit-tap-highlight-color: transparent; -webkit-user-drag: none; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; user-select: text;">’</span><span class="NormalTextRun SCXW121139493 BCX0" style="-webkit-tap-highlight-color: transparent; -webkit-user-drag: none; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; user-select: text;"> </span><span class="NormalTextRun SCXW121139493 BCX0" style="-webkit-tap-highlight-color: transparent; -webkit-user-drag: none; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; user-select: text;">creditability</span><span class="NormalTextRun SCXW121139493 BCX0" style="-webkit-tap-highlight-color: transparent; -webkit-user-drag: none; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; user-select: text;"> </span><span class="NormalTextRun SCXW121139493 BCX0" style="-webkit-tap-highlight-color: transparent; -webkit-user-drag: none; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; user-select: text;">and deception about</span><span class="NormalTextRun SCXW121139493 BCX0" style="-webkit-tap-highlight-color: transparent; -webkit-user-drag: none; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; user-select: text;"> her technology</span><span class="NormalTextRun SCXW121139493 BCX0" style="-webkit-tap-highlight-color: transparent; -webkit-user-drag: none; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; user-select: text;">.</span><span class="NormalTextRun SCXW121139493 BCX0" style="-webkit-tap-highlight-color: transparent; -webkit-user-drag: none; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; user-select: text;"> </span><span class="NormalTextRun SCXW121139493 BCX0" style="-webkit-tap-highlight-color: transparent; -webkit-user-drag: none; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; user-select: text;">The </span><span class="NormalTextRun SCXW121139493 BCX0" style="-webkit-tap-highlight-color: transparent; -webkit-user-drag: none; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; user-select: text;">United States</span><span class="NormalTextRun SCXW121139493 BCX0" style="-webkit-tap-highlight-color: transparent; -webkit-user-drag: none; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; user-select: text;"> </span><span class="NormalTextRun SCXW121139493 BCX0" style="-webkit-tap-highlight-color: transparent; -webkit-user-drag: none; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; user-select: text;">Attorney's</span><span class="NormalTextRun SCXW121139493 BCX0" style="-webkit-tap-highlight-color: transparent; -webkit-user-drag: none; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; user-select: text;"> </span><span class="NormalTextRun SCXW121139493 BCX0" style="-webkit-tap-highlight-color: transparent; -webkit-user-drag: none; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; user-select: text;">office</span><span class="NormalTextRun SCXW121139493 BCX0" style="-webkit-tap-highlight-color: transparent; -webkit-user-drag: none; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; user-select: text;"> states, </span></span><span class="TextRun SCXW121139493 BCX0" data-contrast="none" lang="EN-US" style="-webkit-tap-highlight-color: transparent; -webkit-user-drag: none; font-family: "Times New Roman", "Times New Roman_EmbeddedFont", "Times New Roman_MSFontService", serif; font-size: 12pt; font-variant-ligatures: none !important; line-height: 36px; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; user-select: text;" xml:lang="EN-US"><span class="NormalTextRun SCXW121139493 BCX0" style="-webkit-tap-highlight-color: transparent; -webkit-user-drag: none; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; user-select: text;">“As alleged in the operative </span><span class="NormalTextRun SCXW121139493 BCX0" style="-webkit-tap-highlight-color: transparent; -webkit-user-drag: none; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; user-select: text;">indictment</span><span class="NormalTextRun SCXW121139493 BCX0" style="-webkit-tap-highlight-color: transparent; -webkit-user-drag: none; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; user-select: text;">, Holmes and </span><span class="NormalTextRun SpellingErrorV2Themed SCXW121139493 BCX0" style="-webkit-tap-highlight-color: transparent; -webkit-user-drag: none; background-image: var(--urlSpellingErrorV2, url("data:image/svg+xml;base64,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")); background-position: left bottom; background-repeat: repeat-x; border-bottom: 1px solid transparent; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; user-select: text;">Balwani</span><span class="NormalTextRun SCXW121139493 BCX0" style="-webkit-tap-highlight-color: transparent; -webkit-user-drag: none; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; user-select: text;"> used advertisements and solicitations to encourage and induce doctors and patients to use </span><span class="NormalTextRun SpellingErrorV2Themed SCXW121139493 BCX0" style="-webkit-tap-highlight-color: transparent; -webkit-user-drag: none; background-image: var(--urlSpellingErrorV2, url("data:image/svg+xml;base64,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")); background-position: left bottom; background-repeat: repeat-x; border-bottom: 1px solid transparent; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; user-select: text;">Theranos’s</span><span class="NormalTextRun SCXW121139493 BCX0" style="-webkit-tap-highlight-color: transparent; -webkit-user-drag: none; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; user-select: text;"> blood testing laboratory services, even though, according to the government, the defendants knew </span><span class="NormalTextRun SCXW121139493 BCX0" style="-webkit-tap-highlight-color: transparent; -webkit-user-drag: none; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; user-select: text;">Theranos</span><span class="NormalTextRun SCXW121139493 BCX0" style="-webkit-tap-highlight-color: transparent; -webkit-user-drag: none; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; user-select: text;"> was not capable of consistently producing </span><span class="NormalTextRun SCXW121139493 BCX0" style="-webkit-tap-highlight-color: transparent; -webkit-user-drag: none; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; user-select: text;">accurate</span><span class="NormalTextRun SCXW121139493 BCX0" style="-webkit-tap-highlight-color: transparent; -webkit-user-drag: none; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; user-select: text;"> and reliable results for certain blood tests</span><span class="NormalTextRun SCXW121139493 BCX0" style="-webkit-tap-highlight-color: transparent; -webkit-user-drag: none; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; user-select: text;">. </span><span class="NormalTextRun SCXW121139493 BCX0" style="-webkit-tap-highlight-color: transparent; -webkit-user-drag: none; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; user-select: text;">It is further alleged that the tests performed on </span><span class="NormalTextRun SCXW121139493 BCX0" style="-webkit-tap-highlight-color: transparent; -webkit-user-drag: none; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; user-select: text;">Theranos</span><span class="NormalTextRun SCXW121139493 BCX0" style="-webkit-tap-highlight-color: transparent; -webkit-user-drag: none; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; user-select: text;"> technology were likely to </span><span class="NormalTextRun SCXW121139493 BCX0" style="-webkit-tap-highlight-color: transparent; -webkit-user-drag: none; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; user-select: text;">contain</span><span class="NormalTextRun SCXW121139493 BCX0" style="-webkit-tap-highlight-color: transparent; -webkit-user-drag: none; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; user-select: text;"> inaccurate and unreliable results</span><span class="NormalTextRun SCXW121139493 BCX0" style="-webkit-tap-highlight-color: transparent; -webkit-user-drag: none; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; user-select: text;">.”</span><span class="NormalTextRun SCXW121139493 BCX0" style="-webkit-tap-highlight-color: transparent; -webkit-user-drag: none; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; user-select: text;"> (“Northern District of California | U.S. v. Elizabeth Holmes, et al.”)</span><span class="NormalTextRun SCXW121139493 BCX0" style="-webkit-tap-highlight-color: transparent; -webkit-user-drag: none; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; user-select: text;"> </span><span class="NormalTextRun SCXW121139493 BCX0" style="-webkit-tap-highlight-color: transparent; -webkit-user-drag: none; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; user-select: text;"> </span><span class="NormalTextRun SCXW121139493 BCX0" style="-webkit-tap-highlight-color: transparent; -webkit-user-drag: none; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; user-select: text;">The fact that Holmes was aware that the technology </span><span class="NormalTextRun SCXW121139493 BCX0" style="-webkit-tap-highlight-color: transparent; -webkit-user-drag: none; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; user-select: text;">did not</span><span class="NormalTextRun SCXW121139493 BCX0" style="-webkit-tap-highlight-color: transparent; -webkit-user-drag: none; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; user-select: text;"> work as they said but continued</span><span class="NormalTextRun SCXW121139493 BCX0" style="-webkit-tap-highlight-color: transparent; -webkit-user-drag: none; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; user-select: text;"> to make people think it did shows how unethical her behavior throughout the </span><span class="NormalTextRun SCXW121139493 BCX0" style="-webkit-tap-highlight-color: transparent; -webkit-user-drag: none; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; user-select: text;">entire process</span><span class="NormalTextRun SCXW121139493 BCX0" style="-webkit-tap-highlight-color: transparent; -webkit-user-drag: none; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; user-select: text;"> was.</span></span><span class="EOP SCXW121139493 BCX0" data-ccp-props="{"201341983":0,"335559731":720,"335559739":160,"335559740":480}" style="-webkit-tap-highlight-color: transparent; -webkit-user-drag: none; font-family: "Times New Roman", "Times New Roman_EmbeddedFont", "Times New Roman_MSFontService", serif; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 36px; margin: 0px; padding: 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YX5eaYCWhs4JhHOc7cmjwT/AHPXlsYEx8LTvvp64Dg0riNBRHT9a7BpYDBh8D2RUWZaiJrAYIZmGnCqEwEb0zQwOJIzc3NlRWG+1wZJhI379Lii6bc+YjKqYG/nZMkBL82zCJxPVmMal/f0u9joo8r3SFS09KuiLyH4mgYG59NU/U576zI8nVk4drjlG4Jmlu7b0dISU1E9r6Ha23HtHRIiD0dGmylmXPmaBgZh9Dbdnhg932siUtfTVI9rfQafaz0NTKKeH/fpMaypQ/qHwZKCfDMDQFU4DQwRUf1qsP89xV/1CD3ta/hA2LDj/8gv1wvg2qICryEF+mrw6xLkvRpXE3mXyuV0qfeKY8vAIBM8fcF0NL6k+ZhqxhcEJpxb4frAHwvuD/welWeEVdwWD+F/akSUqSx7g+3CXUNqClXYNnp8PJ3L3h7J9Rz+rgdhfv4e99XXA/etdg/eRETUsOyYta47h0tKZGU1+v0lBgSaUb81rap6g+ZfhMCq4ARBKK/OXTw6aTgN9dF8j9va1eecgL6gLofm6UE++ktihDJGKhMREdkBA+A1hvC1uCBfMnz0+4sLCJDHo6Lrvd8YbjHnTZi/v2naq85aEbDaB3mfkiZH9xe3/rqasO1DNQD66jO5v6Ru1UkiIqIbBQPgNbaqoEB2a/DwVvvDYAb0e0NTWX1CJc5X6EFlbFNhoczMy63WAxNYe4O+ZBh1fLUnhcYx9NWH8ZyPEE5ERNRYMABeQ7j1Gqp/3iZIRmQZEhpm+v3Vb+3PMTkzRsF6g07/G4oKTSf96jyO+ehHh3h4pKRU8q9iM7DFV68769ZkREREjR0D4DWSoQEIExH7CmBofh0cElqv/f4sNZmXD1tZnUd1nCwtkXwv/Q4bArYNo4J9qe4+EBER3cgYAK8B9Pv7JDdbMsu9Nzli4MWtEZGm/199O1tWWqtRr/UB4ReDT65m2NpXUiy5PkInjnJ9zK1IRER0vWMAvMpwG7Kl+flm3j1vAQhB5HYNf/VxqzdPNhVd23vz4u4bV2v9mAMQ8zX6Wl91B7sQERHd6BgArzLccWJtUaHXvmYIIaPCwmWAlwmT6wLr3l9cfNUHYrg6WI2KXH3AiONPc3PkiI/ADW2Cgp0/ERERNW4NdicQx8hV3AnE+Yt6gNtn4S4hlurcCaS/hijc5aG+YBqW1oFBFX3yanonkM80jKwoLDA/VwUTGU8Mj6jVHRvcYStxWzTMIWgtDfMOvqPHLcNHE3RDmxoZJaNCw5zPHHzdCQTNtANCQ83ky1XBWYkRzmhmPqBBE+drdU7yZ2NipZNbCPR1JxB8vzfrd4U7gtQH3BQtSb8vfGc1/U/nWt8JpJV+Jz+IjXM+q740Pb4f6X8X3uaH5J1AiIjqV4MFwIaA//H/SVyCuThCdQJgfUPwwy3uBjqrczUNgG9poNh6lSccxvQnX4+ONcEClhUUyJz8XK9VSEw5Myo0XAJqGeC3ahDZpfvprcaHO4wgMLiuwlcAbCht9Pv5ph4j98E2vgJgQ8Cxf6oat95zxwBIRETVdUP97ykuD97uWnE1lOkF0Ftw8qX2n6w9XLStO+HiZ9wf19c+DA4JM5U2VFBr8xgbhvDoPT2e0O1Ak/i1huodKq7Xy+3IHN8XERFRw+Ef1DaTV17uM3SF+/mb++jW5eRorZ9P8FFpQgS92tU1dwh9w8PCpF1gUI2bXImIiG5UDIA2g2a2dB99/5IDA0w/xLpA42WXaoxgxp1IrmVNt4du44jQ8AaZZ5GIiOh6xQBoM+hv5Ws6FPTlCq+HQNQvJMTnCZZRVi5nrnIzMKp+SQGBMiUiUh6OjKr3+ysTERFd7xgA66im0eFaRQ1rvduKvd/7F5NPtwoMrJcJkVM0SCb7uH8x+nRiqhZLQ2Yx7BNG+U4Jj5Svx8RUq5/ijaQ6e1LbvfWrxnFqyCPZeL4lIqLrQ60CIJrLMK3I1f4fZUwtE+9/eWRksm5D2FW+gCMguU75gUqSt+bDCD9/s90WTGNztVM3+uIh/KDuZw0GqQpGCmOam/oyNDTM6/HB1rg2AUfq8cIxqwucITgvYnW/U/R4DwoJMyO3vx0TJw9GRcuIsDAzpVB1zpxr8X3FO7+vmkJw97atGFUc4XIu1gS2B/+9VQVb2yrIe9ivSqx+F94qzvhvLimQk3QTEdWnWk0DA7ijxdXuu4ULgOuFERtelxG5tYVAY11GcQxwLKqCrcX7ra1G77urfQcObCuaPbENOF7e1u6+vXXl6/gAts2K9XhnfX2n2Afr4e/yndXEtf6+asLXtmJ5tQmWFl//zeM7xHbXFLYYy/Z2lF3/myMiorqrdQAkIiIiohsT/6gmIiIishkGQCIiIiKbYQAkIiIishkGQCIiIiKbse0gEMw8l1NeZkaclugR8PcTwc3AwvWHuk5DQo1XgZ4vueXl5rzBiFhMfBKi50yUnjPeprshIiK6ntQ6AG4tLpIDxZ5v44XLYOfgYOkW7PtOEO5K5ZJsKSqSIyUlHqeF8Nel9w4JkXZBNb93K26Dhjth4PZjF8rKpfBSuZk6w1oPthXTWMT4BUiLoADpGBhs1lPTqS0QLtcUFsjpKu5wgRnNBoaGmjnqGioy4HtZXJAnF3U/PUFY6avHsb7m/Nup58IePbZV3WQuVdfTX/fZ/XzYUlSo30eJ81nDw/HuoucmblN3eUbJqmF6kj26b/tLi809lPPL9Q8GPWNwVHHeYH/wwPQq0f4B0lK/065BwZKi5011lk9ERHQt1CoAYq6xV7Iy5URp1RduTEr7rZi4GldFsjSkvZWdJUe9LHtQaJjcFhFZ7Umgz5WVyqL8AtleXKgXb5Ey3X5vO42l4oG7RGDi6UnhEdJdQ0N1gyCC35s5WZJeVlUcEhms+3BnZKQ0VAQ8qdvw16wMr3Pqhfv7y49i4yWqlpMDWw5rgJuWm61hs+r9jdHj+EJc/BXz0P0u86Kcvcq3gsMfJ/dHRleaoNsdjttqDfF4XNRzslyfe47Sl2HPsEScNwiCOE/7h1wZeomIiK61Wl2bcCHEHSXwb1WPYs0dNU6WCp9BFdDTMq2Hr0ljLQiTSwry5S+ZmbKuqMA03yG8+vosXrfWc1bD49sa5v6lofSABp0i/Z0viEF4uG+36wPLrtZO1BKOoa9tQFPm7Py8Ok10jOOBkHRBw5+ndViP4ip2trjc+3fdEA9v50+hvra2sFB+l3FRpufl6h8PZeb44HO+YJk45giPB/VceT8nW17SgLuzuMhrECciIrrartPiRN2qYrhYb9OLLiqJM/UijvvN1gUu3Wg2/nd2pszS5WVqcGos0oqKZG8Vze3Vsbe42DSr31jxxvP5la3f6xe5OfJFXo5cKEeUq7sTpaUyTYPg53renPdSISUiIrqartMAWPs4gU9uLiyU6bm5cri09sHGE1Rx1hYWyPx8DZWNJATmazhGf0VUA2sKx2Nefp6prN5Yrtxe9A99V4PahqLCalV5ayJfl7dej/FbOVlypuzqNncTERF50ugqgGiK/KogTzLqqYLjDpfvDRowV+mjMdRzEHV2FxeZ5u2axp4vNfzdmIGm8vmFPqEz8nLlYInnQU31ActFv8xPc3NuwMBMRESNTaOqAKJv15x8R7+thoSlI2Tu0uDUGGB/cNxqEpr3alhaUVhQrxXWq8U1/mH70V1gdxUj2uvbkZJSU3FFH1oiIqJrpVFVADEYYVtR9UJZQkCA9AoOkQnhEWZE8WR9jAoLM9O+uI9U9QQDAz7JzTGDRBoDjFjG/lRnsAL6ss3Jy3MMZGlg+C5aBQaZ6Wrq45Gq329HfYQ6v2MM+sC0Q2gK9yXWP8BMQYRz5g49X27Xx0T9uV9IqCQHVG88Nwbn4Dw9W9oY6sdERHSjqtU0MAgJf8nKME1aVWmuF8TvxcZVK0y5wgCL17Mz5biXZWNqjTsjoyTcZdkZGkr+rNuEkb/eYCqXIfr5IaFhZhoQTCWDaTvwKYQ69Nc6UFIsc/Mxh57vi/RwXc7dui2u0PEf08CgOboqA3Qb7tPP1XSOwerCNDp/y8qsUUjDXwN3RETJSA3CVcEezc/LlSUaYmoyejhCj/Uv4hKuOB9+dfGC1wEXzfQ8eiYmpg6dAq4U5udfEQBRLf6bnjcYAFIVzOeH82WY85wJ9ddzxrlFqOShzyDmBzym3zsqqd6+d8AnESLx4FyBRER0LTSaCuDG4sJqDWRA8JoSESnNAwMlUi/mCH+AA4FwEqu/66vveTIqRuICfF+eMTo4s4H6G15tOHqoTiFMVwWvbSkuqtPUMTURqF8P5mKMq8eHFf4A35238Aeo8GEuyGZ6ziDIWuEP8HO4Bsomeq70CQmRp6NjpKmP8wZHDpVq9D0kIiK6FhpFH0BUuXC3Bl8xrGNQsNyl4c9XVRIHBXfpeDIqWiJ8vDen/JKcbETNeefLSmWzBjxPfdQQk5YV5nud4PpGg2qtN7gtYB8NgAh+vuBMQcUS3Ql8Ta6NrgO+qtVEREQN5ToNgN5Dl7vTejHN8HExRWXvnho2ubYMDJKx4RFet6bgUrm5mDeWSzmiHaqAaIJ3j4C4bRsmSW5MfFX/0NyL6l5NdA0OkS76x4a3/7hwbDFNERER0bVwnQbAmlUAcV9fX3O3dQ0OlrhqVHHc4ULurfqDtaLP19UYEHG1oO/jgvz8Ss28Z/V3s/NyG9V+gq/gXrM/RRwC9YF7Dfv7+GODFUAiIrpWGkUFEH3/fPVJa69BzurvVxO4X66v4IgqUmO61Rf2BFPcbHKOqEZM+So/TxrTHVAsoT5OCYwSrk0fz/gAf59ncVEd71BDRERUW42iAoj7zHq7RONCjIEENY9/jmoOOvl7g+pjY7uU4xuY4ZxTEQMWMO9f44m4lyUF4BuuGu74slX3v6Z3SonWcyY5IEASq3g01fViehsiIqJroVFUAFH9u+SlAod+f0G1qP4Bqoa+Pot7aJTfgPEIc9d5G6xQoKHng9xsWVKQ7zUAIdCgUnojwnRF3gI+vtX1RYXmXr77ahCCMYL8GzGx8k19POvh8S199AgOcb6biIjo6rpOr9rXV5jyFR1v1Nbf5oEBMjYs3Ov+HSkpkeNeBisgXGN+vET/G3NGO8zrhxHf3qDfIwbATMvJlvc1EGP+y+p85RhBjGlnUH12f2C9tfuThIiIqO4aLADWpUn0Ug0vjb4uxrzQeoZBCj2DQ0wlsCo4tt6Ob7wGmV4hIRLQQAfZ1/rrCgN8OgUH+6zyYhswaGNTYaGZOPrtnCxTESQiIroRNdidQHA5xfQZNc0F6MuXWVbmtU+f+51AvszPM4MUqvoMLu7fi4mTFj4qPZ7gxv3v52TLDi/3/U0NDJLHoqNNtQdulDuB9A8NlYcio00T73w9fjUdyIK/Hu7SfUAF8BU9Hw6VVF0prO2dQPCNxep5VJO/VPz0/zDq+9YI3GnD9/HN0WCH6l5t+jmiD+FA/S476/pQ1cPk4tdpWZ2IiKhCg12rcCHFPWMxiKAmD4Qmb+GvNhomYjUOODYIo200xNb0OPXWzw3SENmQ8CcGJp72dK5U9cC8jAjsZdVMc+gHidv59QypeZ+8c7qu2fm58qoG4Lc09M/Tnw9qkLxad0ohIiKqDVsUK3gp9g4BaGJ4RI3u24yBH1MiIiTwOo3XNc1fqFbfHRElgzXQ1maPcA9pVEAX5+fLuznZ8oY+NhQWMggSEdF1qVEEQF+X2Oszolxf2gQFyZDQMOcz73DSTAyLkBhnk3djgSB8W0SkOQ61bZpH9RrzJe4uLpKP8nLk5cwMc79ozvhHRETXk0YRAH1dqlmD8Q3HcHJ4hLmXrTd4X7fgEDNwojGWjzElDJqDH46MlnYaijGStzZREOccqn8ny0rl39lZ8nlujukSQUREdD2wRRNw7Wo59oPBMhg4Eeal+oXBHMNDw8xgh8YKe9Y7JES+ER0rj0RF6/6G12pAkwUDcVYWFshr2ZmypaiIf5AQEdE1Z4sAyAtu9bULCjb3sa0q7GB0LSpj13uoru3E366wDIzuRSj+uobBhzQMdtTjU9vmYQxQmZWfa5qEiYiIrqUGC4ChepFEX6oRYeE1emBEqq9br7ljH8D6g++tb0iIxwofAhH6/jXU1DWeoOJY0/NopD6mRETW23aG6HIw6KWfnpvPRMfIt2NizdQv+H1NXdQQuCg/38wpSEREdK002DyAuMXW92LjajSyFNCB/vXsTDnuZdmcB9C36s4DiL5u7vAJjGDdg8ELzo8Hax7ENncICnb8wk1DzQPYUr+zH8bGO59dXwr12G4sKjR3CTmr3zXuG1yd/5hwBG7XgIqgaosSPBERXXeu0+tP/YaiholYjReO10ANh49GRcvjGmzxeFCDYlXhz65QLUV/yGeiY+WxqBgzlQ4mhvYFIXFZQYHX+ysTERE1pOs0AFanjlJ99bu0K/kzYd7QcGdfVErdH2XVPHMQBDsEBcn4sHANgtHSVYOyr/+wMsrL5AD7AhIR0TXSKCqAAXoB9vPSlIrpOGobAtGo5+vW/5gMmbf2vzFh0uafXkiXn1288vET/T1ukVddaM5HNwNMI1Od7gYHvDSZExERNaRGUQFEw6S3HcHSsqvZP8sdbidWpAHSG/Rru04PJPlwuKTYfL9VPbz1c61KfECAjA0L99m/86KXvo9EREQNqVFUAKP9A3xO+4Hmttr0uEJHf2+DOSDG37/Gg13o+oDqsTd5l8prdd5gOh1f/3EhYBIREV0LjaICGB/gL1XPXOewrbhIimrR6R7BMcfL57DWhIAABsAbFPrveYPpWmpzB48CDY6+8JwhIqJrpVFUAJMDAs00I95g/rXlhQXOZ9WDQQDL9DPeLuWYCw4BkJfyG5M1dU9VMssc9/Wt6Z8O+4tLTPcBb6J9nLNEREQNpVFUAFFJ6RgU5HVnsETMFbi1qMgMCvEFlZ93crLlrI8+YJgw2df9c+n61VrPG2/wR8CignzZXFQo+dU4b/COM2Wlskr/cPA1irh9oPd1ExERNZRGUQEE3C3CV0UFVZxP8nLkK72go1nP0+UZk1zjYv92TpZs17DoC24NhvvE1hTmgDut23Baw0J9PBA6GmOfsmLdJQzE8LTPtXngOGFybwvmNrQmFK8KugB8kptjJgTfoOdGRhXnDiaCxqTQH+bkyFldjzc4VzsHhzifERERXV2N4k4gFlRqZuXlOp9VDQNGYvUCjKbjlEBH8zHmfUPV70hJiQmH+Zd8jxrGcv5fbLw0dQuA1bkTCI5LlK63PpuOMfXIE1Ex5ue63AmkNhrqTiCYYicmoH6PUzcNXjeHR0iYbgtC23sa7HZXc06+MD9/DW84fwLM94c+hDhTs3QfcO5ml5VX69wZFRYut0VESs3/dCAiIqq7RlMBhNF6UU2pRrMaQhFCXlpxkWkW/iI3V2ZrcFyuAfKIBieM/KxOKsbEv0m1qP4BQjQCYno9Pg42wnnlMAdjfR+n0xrQcfwBwbRHSIjPwSAWDO7Abd/2aWDcVFQoqwsLZL0+9hQXm+VW59zBqPHB+kcMwx8REV0rjaIPoAUX1KkRkdXuXI+1oPaEBj38W92O/lhPz+AQGacBsD4rU3VV04EKduU+LXg/DWPd9fusSSDDEvDAMcejumcs5gYcERZWq24DRERE9aVRVQAhNShQbgmPaLARllhqz5AQ0wTta6Jful5V/t4wkvt2/cNhuAb6hoxlWOsgDZtDQsJ8zltJRETUkBpVBRAwIQsqOvdqQEM/v/rWNTjE9N1CMx7dqK48v9Cfb5L+4TBZv9vqNgfXBPo+TjTLj/A5ZREREVFDu06vRHW7AKO6go7+34mJM6M86wOWOSYsXB6NijZzx7F+cyPz/O0h+I0KDZN7zB8P9VcLTAwIkKeiY+Sm8HAJ92P4IyKia69WVyN/vVAG+YhAIf5+tQpJ2KBALx/ES6im+NpwvA/3ZH1GL7zoF9jSOdq3JjtsjRbuGxJqwiQqf9UZ1YztvxY9vDCq1YLvx9vshHhnaD2GEYQnb0emqju1oPn1asN3WNVacWs4VJCfj3N836mBQaY6WJPmfpw36IKAUdkYbfxdPXc66R8i/LOBiIiuF7WaBgZ2Fxebuc48fRiXuWZ68UP1raYRA5M07y0prnKePiyvTVCQGe1bk2XnXio309ac0cdJ3W7cGQTzu2GeOewFloWLPIJMvH+AGd2bpPvQXP9trv/W5OKNUcZpenwwNUitDm4tYOsSAwKlW7Cj4onjuLm4yExz4gn2t6O+t74mscYI5BOlJR4HomDbcLcUVGXdv7NdepzOVXEeNQRsC4JZWz2HqvOdYm5FnDfncc7oscQcgNk4b3SLHROKa9DWxSBURmqgxh8M+B5Q9cN50xDNyURERHVV6wB4o8LOFuqFGxd2BDXHCM5LJgqgLoTKHS7muHCzoz65QpzHHww4b/Cz+Q9H/5+fnic4b/AHBOI3BwcREdH1znYBkIiIiMjuGACJyDbKysvl3MUsOX72guw4cEzOXsxwviLSJDZaOrRsJp1TW0hSXIwEBNSkkwkR0Y2FAZCIbKG4pFRmLt8gc1ZulpPnL0h5+ZX/04fm/BZJ8TKmbze5bfRAiYuKcL5CRNS4MAASUaNXWFwif3l/tqzcvkcKCn3f9zkYA4VSmsrPn75HmsY77q9NRNSYsI2DiBq9v344R5ZsSqtW+IPi0lLZe+SkvPrJfCkpxY0iiYgaFwZAImq0Ll26JMs27ZS1afultMzzlEhVQdPIpt0HZeH6bVKuyyEiakwYAImo0crJL5QF67dLdl6B8zc1g6bjZZt3SUZ2rvM3RESNAwMgETVaWbl5cuD4aVMJrK3t+49KZk6e8xkRUePAAEhEjVZhUYlcyMpxPqsdjB7GMuoSIomIrjcMgETUaOUVFmpwcz6pAwRJxj8iakwYAImIfMAE0kREjQkDIBE1WqHBuDtz3YWFBpv7hRMRNRYMgETUaIWFBEtMZJjzWe3FR0Wau4QQETUWDIBE1GhFRYRJq+Qk57Pa6dImRWJ4SzgiamQYAImo0YqNjJCx/btLRFio8zc1ExQYICP7dpWEmEjnb4iIGgcGQCJqtPz9/WTcwB7So13LWjXhtm6WJOP184EBAc7fEBE1Dn7ZWemc3YCIGrWs3Hz56d+nyZ6jp5y/8Q39B//8/56Udi2aOn9zYyovL5eysnKP09gg2CIk+5JXUCjnM3JMiG4aHyOhIUHOVxoOpu85eyFTCoqLJSE6SqIiw3wOxDl1PkPyC4skPjpS4vThK/NjfseL2bkSGRYqyQmx7OdJtsIASES2UFBULH96b6Zs2n1IcjXQVDWxM5qLUTF87r5bTCioL9OXrpe/fTzP/NymeZL877ceksS4aPPcUlJaKm/MWCxfLFsvpaVl0iIpXn773MPSrEmc8x0Op9Mz5Fu/e63iFncILi88fqeMHdDdPLdgn1+aNkuWbExz/qYyBMDUZoly06BepqnbdXsK9bOb9x6Wj75aJXs1OJeWlZnfIxj36tBabh89ULq3a2Wew4v//khWbt1jfv7hw7fJxMG9K4VLBK0HfvKSlJVfkiaxUfLWi89dMUob91w+cfaCzFi2QZZv2SkZ2Y47sCCXpeoxu23kgEpN+vgOEfpmLt8gizbsqHTHFgRVvH/SsL4SHXF5IBBu6/fl2q0yd9Vm81kL3jNhUG+ZOmagJOln3cMgPve13/xTMnQdAf7+8utvPiADurZ3vkp04wl44YXnX3T+TETUaKE/36AeHSWxeaJExEWJn17E/fz8JTw8zFz8m2vIGt6ri9wzbojcP2GYxNbzwI8tGqbwAASVU+cvyvDeXSQg4HJPnJ0Hj8vbs5dKXkGReY7K1Jj+PSQmMtw8t8zUgIQgi8BkSc/KkVs07LhCoFy9bY8cPX3e+ZvK8HkEs427D8quwyekR/vWZl1Y/2vTF8pbs5aYsOm6HgTBE+cuyootu80E2d3atjTHdv6arRWBqn/ndtKxdTPxdwlRqMJ+tnit+TnAP0DuGjvYfM4Vlvu/b34ma3fsM+HVFY4Zjl9xcal0btNCgoMC5dzFLPntO1/Iiq27r3g/9sHcxk/X210DfUhwkGTrz3/VED5r+UazPa6KSkplz9GTcuT0OXMcIsMr9xv912dfyfYDR83PvTukmnMk0G37iW4k7ANIRLYRoBfswvYpkj+sl0ROHSNNH55kHk88c4/89zP3yjN3jJdhvTtLqLOq1ZDW7zwgX2posqCa9e7cZSaQeYNb0yGwlTkrcpZ9x06Z6pk3LZs2kTtGDzSP20cNlJ4adKyQtlsD4CcLV5ufZ6/YaLatqLjEVML6dWkrT98xTh6fMkZaJTcx78F2fLV2W0Uoqg/zVm+WgyfOmmOB6iEC7dfuvEm6t29lthPrnLdmixw5dc40ES/csEO3+6SUl18yVcLxg3rK16beJH07tzWfR1hdrO/ZceCYWebOQydkzfa9FdXMfvo+LB+fC9QgjuVs3XtEFq3fbprNLYdPnpPlW3aZnxHYUf1EoCS6kTEAEpFtoI6VW14umQgHUeHinxBjHglJcaa5FxM+Xy24u8iM5etN5Q7mrd4i2/YdMT97c1jDz/mMbLMvaIpEJQwQWNbvOmB+rgoqZ9+4a4J5PKuPF79+r4zq19WEJ9h16LicTs80YQdhC0b36yY/emyq3DN+qDwwYbg8/+gdFU3j2Xn5knbwuBSXOt5bV9h/q2n+1uH95Nv33WIqhb/6+v3SPNHRDJ6bX6jbeULKL5XLWg1z6OMItwzrJz986Da5a5y+/xv3S9c2Lc3vEWI37jqooa9cNujxsfarbUpT+aW+D8vH56aOGWx+j+9ltUtIhPn63VhV2fYtm+kj2QRjohsZAyAR0TVy8txFU6Had+y0vD5jUaWm1qrsOXKiovmyeWK8DOvVuaKKt37n/kqVK3d4H/r9mUdggERHhEuvDm0kLCTEvI5m0EMnz0iOhiwIDQ6Swd07mkEVCJuofnVObSF9OrU1r6FSmpufLyXOUFVXCH9ojsdjqO4XmoixXszn2DI50fku0e0rMO89lX65D9/NQ3tXvB/VuZsG9XS+osf5/EXn+y86fyMybkBP8z68H5+7ZWgf5ytilmt9F/jsul16XDUYoqo4pHsHSYiJMq8R3cgYAImIrjI0o2LwRElpmcxcvlF++9bnZkAHmiExeCEo0FHVc1dYXGKaPDFAAxDGBmkgsQZFoAn4xDnvzcCuEBbTs7LNdgDWj99Z1a+goMAr+sLBlJGO6twPHpqiwatPvTWHPnfvJPnx43fKC0/cKV1SU5y/Fdl39JRpogZ/DWwdWjYz/yKwWmLCK/eTjHbpN4kq4CX9P/xriQ6vfIcY18m+rfchBKKvIyquEB8dJQO6dTCBEc3wGKyCASg47lblkuhGwQBIRHSVtW3RVO4e52hyPJOeIcfOpJsAgVG4w/t0MQHDE1T+Dp08WzGlC0ahdmrdXMOOI8xYr1cFAzqWbd5lHks37ZS35yyVeau2mMEi0Co50TH4xbkC1BU9NXV2bNVcJg7pbUbkdmrdwlQUXc1dvUl+/Z9P5ZevfVzx+PMHs52vVq1r25YysFt7s18RYY6qJAZ/vDFrcUXVs2OrZtJR99lUPauZuWobzTBoZJMGPSsQYt3WtEAIfv+ZvlBe+2Kh6QfJAEg3GgZAIqKrDNWre8YPM4HLFZolWzVtUuV8d1kahqwKH4IZBju0SEqQpDjHtCUYCYs+glZFz13awWPy27e+MI/fvT1dPlqwysyFBwid944fappE6+rQyXOyctseMy2M9cCo5ZpCvz1Mn7N9nyNgBQcGmilrktymz2koGGW8+8hJ5zMxodca+YtjbT1KSspqHTKJrhUGQCKiayAo0N+MrEVfOsA8d/feNMzr4IJ1Oy8PYujRobXEYiCLvh8VMyu47T50XLJyL8+H5wrLdvST8zNVPzT34jnm8/vfbz4k3do5Bk7UVYiz6dj1ERHqqOhVFwLfyq27TQC0Bpn079rO3NkFAfpqmLt6c0VzOyaWxijqkxrA8XBtTs7U441Jq4luJAyARETXSO+OqfLs3TfLI5NHyY8fmyrhXkYhIxAt37zT+Uxk4qBezp9EhvXqVDEaeO+x06Zy5akihaD3/x65Tb5z/2SJcvaBCw4Kkqc0iPbu1MY8rw+o0v3o0TtMfz7r8Y27Jzhf9Q2tqQvWbTcTZ2PSbhjeu7Ppd4i5Ea8GBGTXCbRxh5EX/vaePP/Ku+axX4+zZfrSdfLivz92PiO6MTAAEhFdI+GhITJpaB956OaRZmoRbw6cOCNHz6Sbn1HJQ3CzJpc+q4EP1UBAUMEdPMo9jAbG9C0j+3Q1I2RRSQPc5g1Bxxr44R+ACbLNjyaIYboVd+hD+OvXP5XfvzPd3FHDqpJZUpslyYBu7U1/PuvRu2P1AybmA/z3Fwsq7uwxpn93ee7eW664c4qXYmkl1XxbJRhgYk39Aqj44ThbD9dmdoyaxsTeRDcSBkAiomsIU4tg9K0vCF3WnHeoBv7h3eny01ffN4+f/eMDM3+fZX3afikt99wPEBAg758wvGKwyYK12+Sisy9gpIZSa1AHmptznLebc4XJlHH3jYXrt5s7iJQ6t6s+YK4+TIhthb/enVLlqdvHmdvHuXMdfZyZV/nOHhjAYcGIaz/9vxCXW89hDkNX1voA7w/RgJ3SNMGEZk8P14EvGIWNJnyiGwkDIBHRdQ5BzLX5F829CHGuD+t3sOfISTl17vIceZ4gUI0d4KgCYiDDW7OXmGlPcB/cJrhVni6qqKRElm7aJQdPYG7AAhOaEP627jtSMd8gwpDVj7GuMIL5P9MXVUy7gvn27h47xOwb7pBiPRBK0cTtOohmzspN5n692Bc0gS9ct935ir6vWaIJ2rjvsWXxxjTzPrwfn5u1fIPzFcc0PQiXb/3iOXnvV9/1+OjRoZXz3SJPThkrf/l/TzqfEd0YGACJiK5zmHMuPdNRocPkzY9NHi3ff/DWKx5WMzKC3GwNRL7gVmuYdBmWbNwpOw8eM8HnnnFDJTLM8fv1afvkV69/akYN/9+bX8hL02bptjgCWtP4WBncvcMV08DU1nvzlpuwaUE/PIxU/tV/Pq30+Pun883k0zcPcUz+DKhiYjv/9N4s+fk/P5S0Q8fN7+OiI2R4r85mkAwmzbb2F+vB+7A/+NysFRvN7xE2Jw7pI0H1tE9E1ysGQCKi69zKLbsr+ugh5OHeteMHXvkY1aereQ8s25QmxVVMB2PBlDNd2jgmXMbyP1u8ztzxon/X9vLd+28xkymj0oaJjtfu2GeaZzOcTaVo9nz69nHSxjkvXn04n5Hl/MkBk2PjPr47Dhyt9EjT3yHkDu7RQYb06Giqe3i+ff9RWar7jXBnTRuDex5jrkRURzGP302De5vfA96H/o/4HKacwXLGDeghQ53LJGrMGACJiK4Ca2JjQB+zqoYmoAJlTXOCEFKqIe7w6XNSXn7JhJguqS3MrdE86dPZcYs2yMzNl2Onz0ugy11Fwlz6wAGW079LO+f2OAIR5hlEn8SRfbvJH77zqJl6xaqyAfYDYfPvzz8tIzRwWtPPYEALoOk4NCTI9LlzhT511nvN687malehbttXFdyzGZ9GNfTb90+WO8cMlnDnPlgQXp++Y7yZ29DqK4h/n5gyxox6xu3tXGFQDe4L/MzUmyrdRaQq4c7b51W1v0TXO7/srHRPswUQETU6JZcuySe5ObK+yDG1iOWxqGjpHRLKS3gV8gvRTy7HpJ0msdFmnr/rDfokHj1z3vTpi9FgiPske6vi6algwi76NSI8pjRtUinoEjV2DIBEZBsMgEREDmwCJiIiIrIZBkAiIiIim2EAJCIiIrIZBkAiIiIim2EAJCIiIrIZBkAiIiIim2EAJCIiIrIZBkAiIiIim2EAJCIiIrIZBkAiIiIim2EAJCIiIrIZBkAiomsov7BIVmzZJaVl5c7f1N6yzTulqLjE+ax2zmdmy+Y9h6SsvO7b40lDL9+XwyfPyYHjZ6T80vV3G/yL2bmy58hJKS+/ttuWmZOn59IuWbl1t/M3V1d9rT83v1DSDh6T4pJS52/IFQMgEdFVMHvFRvl8ybpKjzU79klOXoF8umitlJTW/SL1ycI1kl9U7HxWOyfPXpAF67ZJmY9Aumb7Xjl+Jt35zOHQibNy+NQ55zPPqrv8hrL9wFHZsvfQNQ9ZnpxJz5D1Ow9cs3AMyMWvz1gka/XcxB8n7i5k5ciclZvk318sMOftKd3m+jySvtZfExkaJFdt3SOFxXX7b6KxYgAkIroK3pq9VHYfPiHHz6ZXPNIzsgQ5xLpAoVKRW1Bofq6NwqISvYDW/HKMILdLtw0QPop0Oy75uKzPX7NV9h475XzmkHbomNlHb6q7/IZSWlqmYbtMf7o26/emTE+GElOtqp9t23/stAlsNZFXWCh7j56Sx6eMkXEDezp/64AK5cvTZstBDfqtkxMlKy9f/vjuDDmhoR6ycvPNa3UJ197WX1P4b6FY/7Dy9J/Ept2H5HxGtvOZPTEAEhFdBQgeD08aKd+9f3LFY8rIAfrK5avTRr0oLd6w46pXgNbt3C8zlq53PqsebKN7Myou/Ndj06pdfakhHc3dNYHKLL7DsJBgCfCvHBHQPN02JUmevXuCTBzSWx6fPFrGD+olJ89dMN/9Mf1DYunGND03ELBrx9v669N7c5dp0DzpfGZPDIBERNeUn/Nfkc6pzaVPp7amorJt3xHZ6vLYeei4eQ+axXYcOGaaj0+nZ+rF96KpvFhy8gv1/YdlXdr+K6o/5zKyZPX2vab6UVBYLKVlZXLwxBk5df6iZGTnmnXkOZvd8vX1LXsPm2qMo2JWc0dPn5dV2/ZImi7XU5PvCQ0OJ3Xd2F7sD/YjPTPHNC9jn10rSWcuZOrv98nmPYelwNnMjdfR5Ix9QtDx1I8S2459wHbgva6VRzzH8duw64AUFpeYUIsK1ootu836UT0CHMdDJ8+aY4v34rux+lrm5BfIkdPnTPV22/6jemwPmmZ9VwhGK3X95jV9vwXHf//x06a584geK2+ydZkbdh6Q9RrWre+7XLcXy7aOB7I3julxnD/7j5j+lthunE/ulWE8RdUXxwXvMdUy3QdsT6Eub8eBo7LPrcJbUlImF/T7wbkBAQH+csvQPjK4R0fZo2HqgH72rJ5j2/U4YNvc9y+voEjP2QyzLpzD2CesB8cax7+q9aMqjnMRfQKtzwMqkqfOZ8jOg8dN9wMER1TWcf6gEu2pEonP7Dh4zCwT3z+OF7bV0/Ft7AJeeOH5F50/ExE1aogHu4qL5WRZ5f52vUNCJDkw0CWK1b8Pv1plms0QDnARw6NULzz+/n6ydNNOuVkvpAgqqEqka+DYuOuguTDv1IvV3FWbJSUxQZonxsubMxebMJGuF/flm3fJmrR90jQhVpo3iZNp85abagxCDC6ei9anScdWzSQ2KkK26wX3z+/PNqEAF9xFG3ZIp9YtTBjEoAxcGHFhDQ4KNKHQBKaT58zFGxf6Ns2TxM/v8hFavDHNXDjxGQRIPHZp0IuLjtR1NpfZKzfJ27OXmAvr8s27TSAZ2K2DnLuYZS7yw3t3llnLHf0iEVj26b5jm1BlQnBcpscEgaBLmxRzfF79ZL7ZZ4QsXKRNUNZ9RSUHeQBN0pk5udK9XSvnFiL8lcpni9fKjOUbTMBdq8cKxzRZjxXe98/PvpLlW3aZfncDu7WX9WkH5KMFq8wgBARSBOIe7Vub44PlrN2xV46cOq/L2S+r9ecBXdvLYQ1/Hy9YbQbg7DlyStI0jCCo4HPhoaFm+fjOEJzwOpbVtU1LCQsNNtuMzyL0LtmQJmcuZprKV6+OqZWqXzg2v39nuhzX/d1/7IypErdPaSbhYSHykZ5X+O7xHZdfKpfPF68zgRUh9cCJ03q+FUp0RJik6vfn7/z+EMb/+dmXpkKYmZvnPHb50rZFU/lq7TYTDHFu5up317NDqvkMRIWH6n7vk3mrtpigFxocpN93lFnujGUb9HPHzXmAc3yAftcL1m2vtH8H9LzCd9g5NUV+9uoHJqxt0PNvu24rjkufTm2uWH9CTLT89aO55rvAHzCL1u+QJrExkqznPL63d/X7x7mF7wzn6b8+X6Dvy5aNGrYxACQoMMCcK9hWwDm9bFOaCazFGmhjI8M1QJfIn96bccXxjYuOMJ9prBgAicg2rnUAxAUP1QcEMDwC9YLVSkPhUr0gIQCiUoPwN2VEfxOWEEoQFIN02x64ebjp04UA9Nx9N8voft2lZXITmanhpl/ntubnd+YslQmDe8tjk0fLiL5dTMUFF1MEz1/880O5deQA89qovt1M2MRF8uk7xku+vg/Z4Ln7JulnCmXe6q1yy7B+8tiU0RpIQkwYG6aBLTAgwLk3jgC4Zc9hU8lBiMQDFRUEH1ReXp42S1544i6ZpPs1rFcnM3AA1cV4DYhWAFyhQSkkOFCevWuijBvYQ75Yst5Ukx65ZaS0TWlqwkPXti31ov6V3D9xuNw/YbgM7dlRw9leE7SwnlANTPfdNFTfl2IqeK2bJTq3UOT0+QwTRLF8HBcsa4lud3J8rAlZny9ZK301HHz7/lt0//3llQ/nyNfvmqD73lfG9Otmtg8Fw8KSEj3OG+We8UPlwUkjZUSfrqZKiOpTUly0TNfwM6RnJ/n6nTfJ8D5dTBBGcO7evpVMm79C7ho7WKaOGSQDu7c3wQwBpVmTePmbBptv3nOzTB7eT49RZ/l00RoNc/GVAiCqe396d6b079pOvqbLH9G7i5zXIPTpwtUyflBPs40IVPExkSaMY9BDlzYtzDmEYD1Gz5Phur041yxzV2/W47BTfv3sA+Zc6KHb+eqnX2owTTH7gfD/48emSr8u7SoF0bDQEBmgv4uJxB8UR+R93TdU6rrpcR2s30tibLQ5Xk/ePlaKikvN8XTdv481XOM9vTq21j8OlprQ+qPH7tDvtJNZ/8i+XU1Ys9bfu2MbE7wjNXh+655JZhkIdJ8uXKPnfzf9I+eMHDx5Rr7/4K0yVF/7ywdz5LaR/eVePR9G636tR2VXw92g7h0rAmCCHiesA98P3ov/zv6sn/N0fCfpeeD6R09jwyZgIqKr5KdP3iV//a+nKh53jxuiv72ymSpQL3KoxKEShmreo7ciiAWbMIdQ2FQDDF5v2zzJhAVLQkyUuaChuhQSFGQumKjG4GKXX1SkF3M/Wbh+u4a3HdKqaRMz6hRNYaic+OuFHkETF7xEDTUTBvcyy0hJijfvQZXN3RN6oX/tZ89WPBCQAJUZrLtT6+ZmO3Ghf2zKGFmftt+8bsH6enVINeEF6+rQqpkJcAh1XTTUoFkQzYnYdzTLYduXa/BKjo8zFdKOuvytew/LGzMXy4lzF01lzRUqhAhHCMDYjhaJ8TJAL/TYV4gIC5VOqc0lUv/duveQtGiaYMIM3ottQGhDxbBYwww+O1FDZIi+hkrY16aON1UrVKqaxkeb7zJEQ0aEhqT7JwyTDbp9qHyhORNBDNVNhMYg/TyaJ1GNbKnfgbW+mMhwucucD5WhiRfN1ndqiMQxwjoemDhCTmr4RPO1KwRAVGVRkcMyEd5wLrmGP1in6753wlBJiI0y70N1cPLwvvr7AyZg4RzA7/GzK0QhHLNRGtR+/tQ98uZ/f8tUpRG8sG78gYB14rMbdx/wuX+ThvbVYxlmqsao6KE67bp+NMFn5OTKxCF9dL0h5nf4w6cEXRf0e8H2oJKbFBdjzo/svHwZrGHPOk74TnCOucJ3j+XgGGF70QUB/w1W5/g2NgyARETXlOcKA8LDtC9XmMpgs4Q48ztczBGKrL5NqHghnFjMczOK1AF9sNAvCtUPjDDFBQ8XcMcjRKaOHlRRGXGFKoleHw1HBcRD+vMCIQlNiwgFlotZuebi6rqkYN2fqIgw5zO9IFkrVVblBduMfUIItLa9hYbShyaNMFXP7z14q2kmRv+6P38w2zQ5W/DZohJH3z5A0ycqU5ZgDQfW+kOCg01Yc52OB82KOObYFoQRHHsL1oPXsEPoZ+g6ZUluQZEzyDhCGY6xte3tWzSVMf27S7iGdOwXviNLXv6VI8CxHPRtxJx2FoQiLBtBBqw+mtg+NOX7gqCTod+HKzSRhwZXDkvuUNlEILVEa6jD+Yntce9vZwKcj/1rmhDj/EkclUaX8wWs8wFVaesV/IzvE98dvhc04eIYBern8XHXeTDz8n1PI+Pt+OK1xowBkIjoKsG0GZibzHo4LjqVL3qAZiv010NTJaoz1ufQRIfmT/R5wsUUzZn42ZKRnSezV240AybO6uPDr1aaSh+a57qktjB9tNDPC6FnwfrtpiqDYOXOqpDV1tgB3U1zNpo/MVBl2aZdpj/glJH9r4i77s/d9ezQyvRh233kpLRLaSrhur1oImzfspks2bDDVAiH9+5imllPn7+oIejynG8pTRNMny/0w0MVEwM4MGAEfeUs1vr7dm5jRmqjqRf9FFFhRPNjz/atTRBAQHpz1mITzLHOVz+dL+MG9NCQ6a/fT4H89eN5pmKEii0qkhgli+pYUnyMWR6qoXFREaYJPyUpQQZ27SDZ+fmycN12yc7NN9uG/pDuUEVrpUH3z+/PMl0A8Pj7x/PNPmP5aI5F+EUFDJXe3Yd9j2xF8/CslZt03dtMFwPMH4mKJbbZG3RPQLPvWd0fQOBcuWW3OUddm4qhf5f2PvfP/TPu0Mexg37P789bocf8iJzRcwnnVGqzRD0uCc53OaC/HqrH6O+JEHzw+Bl5c/biSgHUE2/HNzHuckBtjBgAiYiukhf+Nk0e+e9XKh4vTZupv3WLQJoH0bEd/fPQv+/JX/694v2oqGDgwf+9+bnc/9OXZZWGmZ4dWjs/6GgCDvDzl+d+/x956levmvfjoo4mzp88eZepfn3nD6/Lr//zifRo10r6dmnr/GT9woXzf75+v2zSUPH1//2HBqJFpl8YQo8rBE2r0gfuzxG8oiPC5XsPTpFMvah/W/frj+/NMM3cCLLobzhrxQb55m//Ld/54xsypn8PaYJ+aE5NNXyhDyL6mz3wk5fNcUV/t+CgK6ueCMLP3nOzGVjz9K9fNeuZMKiX9Onc1mxTt7at9Jvyk6f1uP7iXx+avoq3Du9nPts+JVk6alD59h/+Iz94+U0TTh69ZZQ57g/ePEKOnjmvx+Gf8uJrH5tm7pbJCaYC+7WpN8lHC1bLQz//i/zriwUydfRAszxXOAbol9hcQ+Pzr7wrP/7be9IsMU6+cddE8xpC6Mptu+VhXcbclZtN0PSlh54zP9Rj+v6XK8124U40P3vybl1uvPMdnvXVY4E/GvA9PPaLv+o6/2z6cz42eUxFNdKCCmd19s8bVABvGd5XurZrKb95/VP5+v/9U8NdjjwxZZxponeF7whzB+K/G2zbT/7xvmkOxvnjjbfjiwFajZlfdlb6lX9+EhE1QiWXLsknuTmyvqhyU9RjUdHSOyTUZzXqeoFgh+oLKmOeYOAAmuQQMtxhEmbTN8ytX1hDQJMcmlTRVOravFtbjjniyvWifTlsoFp6QUNBjF7oMVjAEzR/o0KGClx1NgPTnKAfpfVWjMJevX2P/PrZB01TL9aP4ACovs3R1zGYAeEb/dM8VVXRTIumS/cmd1QdC4qLNSyG+dw2T/sPaObH9DI4BjWBz2H9WF5Nvh4cn4tZORryQkzlzTW0u6vJ/nmDcwnnNYKlN+ZY5BWYKndNz7mqjm9jxQogEdENBtWWqsIfOPrLXRn+AP3zrkb4A1x/rQ739QGDVdwvzqEhQWaARlXhDzD4Jd4EFecvfEDIqOqtCD1W+HOHoOsp/AE+46m/JT6DgRDV2TZP+w84vjUNf4DP4fup6deD44PmdQze8Rb+oCb75w0+7yv8gTkWkeG1OueqOr6NFQMgERERkc0wABIREXkxsGt708/NE/Tpe+jmERIUYJ/KETUODIBEREReNImLNkHPEwwyaJeS3OgHDFDjwwBIREREZDMMgEREREQ2wwBIREREZDMMgEREjQhuhYXbrrneho2uhHnzcLu62sAt4vB5ohsZAyARUSOy79hpeW/esor7w5JnuI3ezGUbnM88Szt43Nx2zvVx9PR5c4u4xRvSnO8iujExABIRXSOoIh0/m27uXlBTx8+ky4lzF5zPLisuKZHM3Hy55OEew3aDKijut4yb/QPCG6p3gDt64I4R3hw+ddbcuxe3kPty7VbzM+6zjLuK5BVWvpsM0Y2GAZCI6Bo5piFu0fod5hZUNbVwww5ZrJ+lqmXm5MsrH86Rk+cdQRm3dMPN/qsL9xF+5o5xkhgbLcN6dDI/9+/aztxKj+hGx7OYiOgqQN+89MxsUz3CfXrxLx65BYWSke3os4cHqlJ4X57+vrSszNz/FLU8VK5wH98LWTlyUd+P1/FZVBE9VRARKvG+7Dxdn8vrqHydy8gyy3FtJraWn5GdV1Exc4V1YbtQUXPtX1io24ffYx+wvDxdfnl5uRQWF5ttzNZ9xL1jAa/jvemZOeZ4uMJ+ns/INttsBWLcOxfbm1dQJOf1c9Z+4PUM3V7X7cD7XOE4hgQHyVN3jJeE6CjzfiwHxwPvxUfxafwO2+P+eQgMCDC3BvPz95MA58+u4a9A9wvHEfdltmCbcSzPXsw067K2Ed9ltm4Tjh/+xW9xT2esG+83372+hn3DtuC4elo+3ofPn72YZT6H9VmwPrwfx5LIF7/srPTL/wURETViJXrx/CQ3R9YXVW6+eywqWnqHhFZ5/9e6wkX5nTlLzaTBuLj37JAqR06dM02SZzQodG2TIl+/8ybZuu+ILNmQZu6figt96+ZJ5v6xNw/pLb/450fSKbWF7D9+ShJiomTfsVP6F7y/TBzaW8YN6GHuUQubdh80fdTaNG8q2RoOyzR4jBvYU/p0amOajb9Yus4EMSwfy5k6ZpDER0fKT//+vlk+mqSfun2cJCfEmuXhfSu37pFlm3c67q+qj5F9u8rQHh1NWPtowWoT9BCOoiNCTVCaMqK/2Ze0g8ckXwNW/67tpX+XtvLporVyITtHAvz8zX1X7xw7WFKbJZq+dvNWb9Z1iQmPuM/sXfoawtLM5RvMehAwX3jiLokKDzUB5/fvTJdHJ4/W/Uwy2/nKh3PlsSmjzT1x8frv3v5Clz9Eduo2tE5OlB0Hj8rmPYekaXysHo8epvk87cBxaZEUb4IYHo9OHiXNE+PN8lz9978+lJG9u8r4QT3N8798MEdKdTsDNQyWlJaafX/s1tESpt/BgrXbZOeh4/o7vFYuo/RYoWp44uwFeVvPARzrqPBwuWV4Xz0eazSo5pvvu1XTRBMa7xwz2PQ1RIBGOERwDHYuPyoiTNbu2GdeRzhF+OvRvpWM7tdd9h09JQvWbZM4XX6WBsN7bhoqKUkJZnuJPGEFkIiogW3UUIaQc8fogSY8IeRM1FCHnzu1ai63jxogBYUl8t7c5TK4Z0d5YOJwmTKyvyzdmCZn0zNNCEOoQGh5cso4uXf8UP1cC+nUurkM69XZhERXxzVsIBDef9Mw6ayhbv7qLVKqoQ8BpFXTJvLwpJHy0M0jTehZvGGHec1aPn6PkGLZeeiEfLp4jYaMbvKohpCB3drrdi6ToxomZy7fKBG6ngcmjpB7NXBoOpRNuw5KiS73fEaWbNlzWCYM7iX9urST/8xYpEEuRx7W5T80aYQGrTj5z/SFpp/dm7MWS/uUZLNd9+lyEGY+mL9CikpKZG3afunetpU8M/UmCQsJNtsUqv8mxcWYsAUHT5yRRbofqzSowoadB+SMHrfkhBgTvJrERukxHihtWyTL0J6dpE/HNhpm/eXk+Ytmf3C8EUjn6XGqrvW6XcN7d5YHbh5hqpMYFHJIt2PDrgNyy7C+uo+jTGCcvXKTnNZtQWUUgbhb25Ym0L+hxwNVvod0n+8dP8xUZbHdCH6ndLtm6bEdrCH7QT221vJxTBHyEPhwDBG01+7YL3uOnJTPlqyVmKgIuW3kABPkUSUk8oYBkIiogbVMSpALehF/a9YSE8yG9+5iKmyowEWGhZqft+w7LDGR4ea1Zk3ipKMGQwQJVwgvbVokmSpVhH4uIjzUhDV/tz5pEWEhGjYHmOpW59YppgKJqWH2alCI1nWg7yHCHtZz4PgZ07wLWH5q80QJDrp8X9udh46ZwDSoe0dTURrbv4f88OHbJCosTHZqqB3Zt5u0bJogLXSbbhrUS+JjLofHphrA+nZuK4EarlZu2S1d27Q0oQsBtVVyom5TjizdtFNjo58kaEhD9fFcRra5tdr8NVsdy4iPkV4dW5tKH5YDqNTePW6IOWaoEmJE79j+3WWZLqus/JIJgzh2IUGOYIzAiGOMsIoKGY4BipkpenxQncRx6Ne5nVl/dfXs0MrsG/YbQfzI6XOyff9RiY0KNxVRVHgLi0pMlQ4B9ZJuFyrACMNhocGyevteU8HEMcXxQ9UV1VNLVw2Kg7t3MN+htfyT5zKkdbNEU81FJbNT6xbSo11LEyzbtmhq/mBYs2OvDNU/Cjrra0TeMAASETWwzm1S5JXnn9bwESEvTZslf/lwjulv5wpNw1aFy4KQ5wrNpdWB6hiaCCEgAHHpkqlAoWkUzaBoRsTj0MmzJlCg+gWelo8qIbbLNP8q/IPwER0VZip0IUGXQ4vVZ87SMqmJvt/PVLrKdRsQkKx1r0vbb0IOwh/m49u462DFa6h4DdTwg3VjAAYCnLvEuGjTdI4gtffoKXn01lGSqGHxq7Vbzb6OHdjD+c6qJel+WPsVrPtRk9HYCG7YN0ATLqq6BcUlcvR0uqxNc+zHhl37JUEDZ6QGdSwZYR8hH8cDKRZB0ILtCHd53kaDuPvyUR3E8bW2GcvAc3wPqPY+e/dE0/T+vT+9IV+tcwRooqowABIRNbANO/fL2u375IkpY+W5eyZpEDriCAEu+nVuK6cvZMjm3YdMGDxw/PQV89RZgcAXBAZTJnOBKlevjqmmaoS+bneNGyzJCah8tZWo8DDzHk/L796ulWnCXq9hBgNEVm3bK//6/CvJzSswry3ZuNMMRsADoQPNlBZrcQhrQ3t21tAYLvdNGGb6p2F7umiAQ9UQIQlVv4dvGWkqd3FREXLnmEGmEollVLXXI/p0lelL15uKGPZheK/Opv/j6L7drgjTngQ5g29tBLlUSS19OqVqqIyWCYN6y5O3jZVhvbqYSm6X1BamSnv5eMRIrw6pMm3ucrmQlWuaf9+bt9wMCrJ4Wn5q8yQ5dOKsrNPzCU28qOgi8PVqnyqfLFxjqss/feIuGdG7q5m2hsgbBkAiogbWrEm8LN+yS55/5V35z4yFpjnVPaAkxceYvn1vzV4i3/vTm/LqZ19Jzw6tna/Wnb+/nzw2ebRpLvzx36bJz//xgemT18zDoAdXCHnorzht3gr5f395W4PGaunfpZ2zv1l/OXjyjNmvH//1PRMCUR10h2D57F0TzKCJ//n3x/KzV9+XXYePm2WjL+ATGpa27j0sP/n7NPnjezNM8PO0HHetkptIogaufl3QzBxgAhKadTEwoj6najHhTY+fL11SU3SfWstrXyyQH/z5bTPwJykh5ooKJr6L79w32QS/H//1XXlRj0loSJCp3HqTrMdk7IDu8rmG3B/q8v/+8Tzp17Wd2d/kJrHyj0+/lJ/9430N7Afk9pEDnZ8i8oyjgInINq7VKGC0LGLaE/S7Q7MfmjURctCshz5rQajYKUwPY03vEqsBC7/HZ/Evmm8xrYnV/GdN4WJ91oI+Z5hKxOrHh2ZNDMrAZ7EsjFrF8hGQUDGyPu++fFfYzmLnFC5owowIDTUhBstDM216VrapwIVpiLG2F9uAyahdm4SxzahuYlAL1m1tI57jNTRl4higDyMCnfl9WZkE6c+eqpPYt92HT5g+dOhfh205cOKMacrG8q3loiKK/cK+I8xh3zHwxXX73I+bKywXn7GayouxHD1bTKVVYVnYFnwWy8E6Uc3DMcEAHRwr7BfWj2NsQTcAhGb8MYDtLSvXfdXtwcjfqpaP5WD9WH50RJj5HbYN31FGjmMamKYaJKMi8B2xxkNVYwAkItu4VgGQiOh6wz8PiIiIiGyGAZCIiIjIZhgAiYiIiGyGAZCIiIjIZhgAiYiIiGyGAZCIiIjIZhgAiYiIiGyGAZCIiIjIZhgAiYiIiGyGAZCIiIjIZhgAiYiIiGyGAZCIiIjIZhgAiYiIiGyGAZCIiIjIZhgAiYiIiGyGAZCIiIjIZhgAiYiIiGyGAZCIiIjIZhgAiYiIiGyGAZCIiIjIZhgAiYiIiGyGAZCIiIjIZhgAiYiIiGyGAZCIiIjIZhgAiYiIiGyGAZCIiIjIZhgAiYiIiGyGAZCIiIjIZhgAiYiIiGyGAZCIiIjIZhgAiYiIiGyGAZCIiIjIZhgAiYiIiGyGAZCIiIjIZhgAiYiIiGyGAZCIiIjIZhgAiYiIiGyGAZCIiIjIZhgAiYiIiGyGAZCIiIjIZhgAiYiIiGyGAZCIiIjIZhgAiYiIiGyGAZCIiIjIZhgAiYiIiGyGAZCIiIjIZhgAiYiIiGyGAZCIiIjIZhgAiYiIiGyGAZCIiIjIZhgAiYiIiGyGAZCIiIjIZhgAiYiIiGyGAZCIiIjIZhgAiYiIiGyGAZCIiIjIZhgAiYiIiGyGAZCIiIjIZhgAiYiIiGyGAZCIiIjIZhgAiYiIiGyGAZCIiIjIZhgAiYiIiGyGAZCIiIjIZhgAiYiIiGyGAZCIiIjIZhgAiYiIiGyGAZCIiIjIZhgAiYiIiGyGAZCIiIjIZhgAiYiIiGyGAZCIiIjIZhgAiYiIiGyGAZCIiIjIZhgAiYiIiGyGAZCIiIjIZhgAiYiIiGyGAZCIiIjIZhgAiYiIiGyGAZCIiIjIZhgAiYiIiGyGAZCIiIjIZhgAiYiIiGyGAZCIiIjIZhgAiYiIiGyGAZCIiIjIZhgAiYiIiGyGAZCIiIjIZhgAiYiIiGyGAZCIiIjIZhgAqZKy8nI5ezFLDpw4I+czsqW8/JLzlbrBcotLSq94lJSWyaX6WUWjVVpWVuWxqyl8n+mZ2XLg+Olqfb94NTMnT/YfOy1HT5+XopISxwtVqPH79QNZuflyRN+bnVfg/C0RETU0v+ysdF5+bQ7h7MTZCzJ75UZZsWW3BoQc5ysi8dGRMnFIbxk/sKe0Sm4ifn5+smXfYfndW9NNkPClWZM4eeHxO+XlD2bL4ZNnnb+tLCwkWNq2aCpjB/SQkX26SJyu8/m/vitb9hzWgOD79PTXbfr1Nx+Uo2fOy78++8r5W++eun2c3Dt+qNzx/34rBUUlEhDgL8/dO0luHd5f99H5JoX1r995QF6aNksuZOVIaHCQfP+hKTJOt/XFf38kK7fucb7zMiwrMixUUpomyKi+XWVMv+4SGxVhjt1Xa7fJ79+Z7nynd7cM6yv33TRMnn/lXQ3lmc7fVob19OzYWm4bOUB6tG8lIUFBzlcqw7Yv27xLZi/fKMfPXag4rklxMXLn2EFmf3DcLfmFRbJl72H5aMEq2XvklDlHAN8V3nvH6IHSulmi2Seo6fsR+lZu3S0zlm2Qw6fOVvwR0LFVc3l40kjp37WdBAcFOn5Zj0p0RZ/k5sj6okLnbxwei4qW3iGh4vLVExE1aqwA2hyuuwg4P//nhzJ9yfpK4Q8uZufKB1+u1LDzsQmHUFpaJuWXHBd4X1BhKiwu1n+rfn9BUbHsPHRc/vrRXHnp/dlyLiNLiotLqhX+oFzfV1xSYpZTXahMYelFJaXmeVlZubw+fZHs0u1whaDyxZJ15jgA1oX9h0LdRk+wLHxu58HjGkgXyCu6Xxk5eeY1XxUxV9gfrM8KU57kFhTK6m175Zf/+UTembPMY0Xv2Jl0DZ0z5J+ffinHzqZXOq441q9NXygv63HPyHZsY56GuTdnLZHfvP6ZHo8TldaPbZq9cpP86j+fyrb9R83vavp+VB5xTF75cI4c0j8KXL/mfcdO6TkwS+at2ux1v4mIqG4CXnjh+RedP5MN5eUXyrtzlsquwydMIIqLipCpYwbJyL5dTcUPlUE0N2bn5cv2/cdk3MAeJsys3r7XXNxDgoNkaI9O0rdzW+mc2uKKB6pS+BfVJ4QiVIB6dUyVIT06mt+3S0mWIg1SVvPf2QtZ0rxJnKkWJcXHSodWzUxVCJUtVByxjfExkTK0Zyfp2ralea1z6xYyWJd39HS6bNt3xCynZdMmMrpfN+nSJqXS9liPQd06SHKTWHlv3vKKAFJcWirpWdlm2UGBjurT0k07ZcbyjRVhBNW9wd07SvuWybJw/XY5dT7D/L5H+9a6T510fS0kVbe9QENvrh5bBLjT6Rm6nc30eCaaptF1afvNZ2IjI+TmoX08bh8e2EZUDhes2yr5hY5wO6JPVz3WbczrWE92foHkFRSZ5mAsu1fH1tJUj5sF65+p279ItxX7EBQYICN6d5HJw/pJYly0HD51zgTWk+cvmuomvpt1O/bLh1+tMsEO31dP3TdU8LqkppgqK74vfJf7dH2Th/eX9bo/1X9/P5m3eosJhdhmbM+wXp1NhRnB9MyFTBOs9x09JcN7dZHoyHDnntQPfIu79Ls5WeYI/pbeISGSrN85K4BEZBcMgDaHytbnS9brBdpR/fnmPTfLXWMHm4CBUNe9XUtZpWEPIRCVvJSkeIkMD60IgNER4fLM1JtMcyWa7dwf3du1MstdsG6bCQGBAQGm6fWBicPN6wM15AzXALDjwFG5kJVrKoVR4WFy97ghJhjgdTwQXjbtOWgqXB1aNpNv3XuzBrzu5rUB3dqb4Lrj4DHZ6gyAg7p30H2ZaP513yY8kjVkoun43bnLKlWgsnILpG2LJBPWEERQWctx6ZtWVQC8e+wQ3adhMrBrexmkYfSmQb1k0+6D5vhimxG2+nZqIweOn6kIgAi5P3/6bo/bh0drDeA5GiIXrNtumljh+w/eKpM0NOL1QbodA7q0k426HoRNHKPoiDDpr7+zYB/ma+BCpQ0QmH/+1D3SXYM5jl2OBsg9R06aY5Cl+zllRH+zvs17D5nfoQn/J0/cafapZ4dUSW2eaCrBCJY4ZxCWN+05VO3399FzavW2PXLwxBmzPR1SmukxuEf66LEZ07+HrNHzCn0Isd3oftCjQ2vzvvrCAEhE5MAmYJtD9QfNpxZUjxDSAvz9zb9tWjQ1F+eIsFDzuOBsCrXggmm9t6pHpYuqPvHXEGW9hgpQUnyMjO7f3TwHVBitapX1wDosqDK5voaH1bfM4ufvV7EOTw+EP0/yCgpNhepUeob8/eN5cu5ilvMV78wx0O3AA9uDIDaqTzfnqyJFRWjSdj5xwjZ72jbr4V+xz5c/6HqssR4EWYR1C5pXXSFQ4zPYHjy6tW1pAjx+h8+31wBmQUBDVQ4BzGpKbpoQa4KqY73+ktosSZL1d4D9wUCPmrz/8Mlz5v2WfhpWo3S7EKxDggNNYLfsO37K+VP9wfHI12OUu/+YnF2wTo5/utA8pr07S177YoEs2ZhmKrb474KIqDFjALS58NBgE8As781bZipUaLaD8NAQU617/tHbzWNMv8uhpj6hgnXJGXRM+KkioDUkhCPYtPuQ6Z+GShigqoXBDDWBvnWb9x50PhNp36qZhqLa7lPVn0OlzOqfCKieugrV7b73pqHy48fvNI8pI/s7XxFT1V20wbGP0LNDaw1pl8yoY0tEWIjzJwcEuxCXwRlo6q7J+8155fLdlpZXHsmMbbKgabs+Ydkzl66XxW9MlyPvzZXzKzZL1vb95rF18y75eMFq+d83P5cX/j5N3pu7rKLfJhFRY8QAaHMxkeEypGenioCDgQt/em+muQiiX9eFzBzTbIjmWDzQNOoKTZRvzlosv3zt44rHr17/1DR1ule8DPzO5YWS0lLTRIi+dlbVpXWzJqbaWBdb9xyW37zxaaXtwiAFb6HiG3dNNE3JCDQbdx00/4aGBMn4gT1Mv0Nv5q/ZIr996wsTIH7xr4/kp39/3/SZBDSD9+vc1qWi54DRuK7bhwcGwrgPxHGtAG7ec8j0p8Tjy7Vbzft3Hz7hfFVMc7grBDD0sxyov8cjJSnB+YrItPkrZPsBx8AM9P+7d/ww83NNePyOvQgODjTnnGXr3sNmhDKgn+maHfvMz2D9QVAfEJRfnjZL3pmzVM7pca9qwxGA0e/1Iw2DP//HB2ZKJCKixogB0OYQSm4b0V8mD+9rwgL6aqGihD55b81aIs/+9t/y+oxFlfrBuUKA23HgmJkOxXqs0HByOv2ixws4QtXfP54vU37wf+Zx53/9Qf5PQxPeD2im7N0xtc5TgKACt2rb3krbtWzzzir3A1AJvWf8UOczhxYamIZq8MWx8QbzJi7TELt0Y5rpH2kGV5SXm2lWvnn3xIpmUFcYgOO6fXisTdsv6CtZ2eWKGQatIGji8ef3Z8tKDc9W1QwVPAwcqY4v12yVzxatqQjdd4weZKbiaWhhISHSTtdjDbLBcfvpq++bsP6N//23nLng6FNZ3/764RxZsilNCpyDaXzBgKC9R07Kq5/MN83iRESNDQMgmZG8qH79+YdPytgB3U1YCdYLNMIawgimgfn2H153zsvn/JAT+rGheoh+Za4PXOCrarjExRUXYvMoKjbP0ezbJDbaDEDp36VyFas20L/NfZsiw8PEP8B7M+zo/t3MIBPAMh66eaTERPgeiRquxwDz6OGBkbuoqAGqW9OXra/U782C8O2+jRGhIaY/XGWXDzr61WG7Ll0qN8EEgR0VNTTt/vrZBz18tjL0gUNAfX3mIlMVQ1M7BoNMHTPQLLeh4ehPGNxLemlYxbai7yCqxUs27jSh3d+vfv8nCRU9BHME69Ia9uvDUcdAnoXrt5njTETUmDAAUgVMYfKjx6bKb771oHz3gclmtClGYsKJcxfkV69/IvvdOuajz9dDk0ZW9DHD44Un7pSubVKuGJgBCBy9OqTKbaMGmMft+kAfw2/dO0n+5+v3mWX517qv3GXd27eW/3rk9krb9ZMnplbsT1WaxESbSaIfnTzKjIge3ruz8xXvJg3ra0b0/uKZe82/333gVjMAAlXARet3yMIN283Prpo3ia20fXhgMuorq4WXj8eDN4+Q//fIbTJ+UK+KqmTn1BR59JZRpj+nL5juB4MdLmY5+g22a5ksT98xXhJioszzqwFB/4cP3ybP3HGTqVi2aZ4knVKbmwnH0c2gPplR1Ou31/ouIwjJaG7PcBv8RER0o2MAtDkEAQQCTMz790/mm7JH6+REmTC4t3zjrgkmEGIQBOAiirs3uEKlEGHP6mOGx4Cu7aucvw1VrxF9uujFf7x5IHw8Onm0mZeuU+vmznfVHaZdwXa4bld/fY5KozcIn/26tDVBC3PWVXcwSrOEODPnYNe2KWYevJsG9ZS7xw82ryH4YW4995GlqEi6bh8eaMa1qoeXXa4+9e7YRkb26WoCKiqGkHbwqAb0i1V1a6uA0a0vT5tt+rhBk9go+cGDUzSAVe7XWRPVPDyX6ftRlUNfyykj+pm7qvzPN+6X/37qHnn27omVRjTXB4xsxm3vsM7a2r7/qMcKLhHRjYwB0ObQ8X7u6i0yZ8UmmblsQ6WRjxiI0blNCzPnncV9mpEa0wAQFBRomo2tB5oeaxwkGpA1PUtdRyK7Nh3juNY+hFy5HehbiMmTAQNbMNef62hcd2iK/vk/PzATM2Mr0Ez9q2cf1O+2WaVKLQIwprKx5OdXvmUawmyhy0hdjBKvyfvDgoPN3It3Pf8HuftHfzR9/5rqvmD6GNzWrtStSlpXhUUlFYNMagt9LLGMuoRIIqLrDQOgzQUHBZmpQ3ChxgMX57MXMs20LHgc08BgVYwgOcFRDbSgbxQmE8bAEU8P9CG8Fv2ncCs5NNt52ib8via3ZKuOvMJCU01FUMAdS46cPi+fLFrjfNVRbXNvEkdg87R91gP9Ix08H7/7Jww3oQkWb9xhBp54cvLcRXMrNtwpBTDQ5lt33yzx0REaTC+vD8fFz89fmsREVfQlPJWeaUYZY1tw2zmMEj/nvC8xqrkYOFKT97dsmmAqlWhaxXswyhYTUeNcwx8Xm3dfnjrHV3N9deB7qY/TD0GS8Y+IGhPeCcTmMFgD/fsc92S9JIdOnDV3dkCz18pte2Tuyk3mXrIQGxUuz9410XH/WeedQNCxHsED03cs37zrigdGE7dplmTuJoIwiBCAyX5xa7SawG3O1u/cbwYNoI8cmpFRfXKFKU2sO4FgXbj37PItu6/YJvTpwsAX3ErN9VZwGAHsqR8dKmy46weWiaDj6U4gaF7dsPOAWfbiDWkyfel6OaYhEHAbuwcmjjDVtv3HL98KDscvTQOS+/ZZj9yCAjPtjuudQCYN7WuatwHV01zdtrSDx8xxwfc0fkAPc4wtGGCDOe0wItqqYIXpcTup3zlGHbuvE83wTXT5mG4G+4314j7NCGmYrmf2ik1muwF3Abl99EBTLa3J+zEXIO4cglCFW9ztPHTCnCdzVm0y9xIGVBWfuG1cpWlragO3lvtq7Tbns9ob3ruLpDZPuiLEExHdqFgBtDnMc4dbs+Fetri4oQqIQIeAh9tyoW8ZYJDA84/eISlNm5jnFlSxEB5xAff02H34pLlH7NWGJlcEI0/bhAdCr/PmFfUCQQMDLHZp+Nl79KSppmHxaN7GCF2EH/fBLQhGnrbNehw87rh9W1UVQBjdr6vpTwcIXus0JLtCv0P03cToXwv6s2Fb3deHAI3j1iW1hdx70zATXBEacbcP3CFjlf5BgGov4HzBIBk0k9f0/bizzMTBvU2YxvtRZcb5hpAPGOl8vy4P76ur0OCaTeBdlTD9w4DRj4gaEwZAkuZJ8fKrb9xvBn3gNl6uEBAxOvPlHzxuBlGgAIKBH9WdrgOhx/QTcw6+QAAI8jEQwxNcgK2+cJhM2LXKZcEUKtWFYIB9sQIC+iVWNQ0Kfm+NuMV6g4Ic73OvQFrwXlRLMfnzjx6fKk/eNrZiwEZNAkl4WIg5ftaceY7trTxABAN0ujnvt4yQh3suu3J8vnrHG8tHZRTVt1tH9DOjwTu4VWoxPyMGx/z0ybukqfMOMjV9P9bx+JQx8vOn7pZ2KU3Nei14z/cenCL3Txxe6Q4itYUqaUxk5buj1EZ8VKRup8uGEhHd4Pyys9LrsQ5CNzr018vOzTfNnajo4A4YdZ2UmW5cOB9wP2T0a0TQa5EYf8Xt5lzV5v2oSGKCbgRe9Cesz6CFvo3o/4gKZ21hdPfPNKxaAZaIqDFgACSiRgt9I+es3CT/mbFI8goqj1CuDlRPn7x9nEx19nUkImos2ARMRI0WmsDHDewhPdq1rFVlsXWzJHMvaIY/ImpsGACJqFFDX83/evQO6VTDkefoP/hfj94ucVF1n46GiOh6wyZgIrIFjLr+03szZf3ug5KP5uAq/pcPE6CjYvjcfbd4uC0fEVHjwABIRLaRV1wi/96+W9YfOCr5x85ISbbjHr9Rfv4SHxEmXVJTzOht3A4wNKR+ppAhIroeMQASkW2UXLokn+TmyLq8PCnNL5DyYsdt6qZGREqP8HCJjQh3TjlERNS4sQ8gEdmOX2CABEVHSkiTWPNITIo3zb0Mf0RkFwyARERERDbDAEhERERkMwyARERERDbDAEhERERkMwyANlZWVi4nz12UsvJy52/sLSe/QM5eyHQ+o+rKKyiScxlZculSzScUOJ+ZLfmFRc5nRER0tTAA3uC27z96xT1OT5y7IMfOnPd5Qc7MzZffvv25uYCTyJod++Rfny9wPqPq2rL3kLw1a4mUlJY5f1N9789bLmkHjzmfERHR1cIAeIP7aMFKOXcxy/nMYf3OA7Jq216flb1L+n/5hcW1qtxcS8UlpeYm//WtVANMYXGx89n1Ad/h8bPpUljU8Nt1Jj1DztSiAlpaVq7HrcT5rGaK9HP4PBERXV0MgDe4nPzCK4JekYaYqxEYrgU00/72rS9k+4GjN1xwrQ00j74zZ5mc0nDW0KYvWy+zlm9wPiMiosaMAbBR8nP+exmqZmjqraraghBZWlZmQhXCo/U+9+euikpKTEBxr8ahKRCf8RXQsD7cnxXvwzLc11FSWlqxnHLdPmxjRGiI3DdhmLRPSRY/P7+KbXZU70r0Z+eHncr1F1gH9t8TbGuRvuZrWwF9JrEsLBMPrNsdlmMFcuyP9X532F5UX61lWZ/BfjqOhWN/sH3YdhwL/Oy6fPzO037hs/he3Jtk8XusC5/DvljMvpj1OB6OY3r5NW/Hzx0+i+W7w+/RVcHTa2C+Q30PmPPHfJe+vxMiIqqdgBdeeP5F5890A5q3eosM6t5B4mOinL8R06cKF9NeHVM1LFyS1dv3yoxl62XppjTZe/SkxEVHSlxUhLmwL1y3XSYO6S1b9h6WTXsOya5Dx2X2is2y6/BxaZGYIF+t3SqzV+pz/X2rpk0kMjxUcvIK5Kt12/R9m2Tl1j2mOtWsSZyEazg7diZdPl6wWjbsOiA7dDvionRd0RHOLXPABX7Vtj26TRtl+eZdciErR85ezJTNew5Kt7YtzcV/ycadMmvFRlmhy8f6jpw6L/uPn5bU5kmyfud+SYyLNtvy4YJVpgl83pqtZlkXs3PNewIDAswyP1u8Vr7S1zbtPiQ5BQVmHwIC/PX4lOu275bpS9ab44PPIQie1n0ZN7Cnc0sdEMo27j4oXyxdZ7br1PmLkq9heoEeu76d2zrf5XAhK9dsx/FzF2TOyk2ybNNOOXMhQ1okJUhYSLAJb5v1ODuWlSZHT5+XrNw82XP4pLRpkaTrOSTb9h2RZbqM9Wn7ZV3aPtlz5KSuM0N26nfQPqWZLn+nHoszMnfVZlmr7wkODJSk+Fjx9/eT/cdOyycLV8uiDTvMd6opWZrrd4PX3pu/wuwntsvf31+aJ8abEL336Cn5VI8T3o9jlpmTJ230GGbl5TuOn54D7sfP1RHdB+xHgC5z5vINZrtDgoOkaUKsCXGo1n6xeL0sXL9ddhw4JqH6WhP9/rANOA9aNUs05+tni9aaz+H8WbFll9lHbGNkWKhzTXWH2LuruFhOllUOor1DQiRZj+OVfzoRETVOrADe4LL0Yv2XD+fIj/76bsVj/potFdUUhIbpS9ZpsGol9900XKIjwuXNWUvkXEa2ed1y8MQZmTZvuezTMHDz0N4m5Lz47w9NOLhZAyKevz1nqVnuF0vXm2AzoGt7uX3UAHPx/9fnX5kqEQJDTGS43DqivxQUlsjnGnTcKzkrtuyWDzSMtNRQNHl4PxO63pi5WFZv22sqT4s0KEzXz3Vq3VwmDe0j+zTUYN2bNYRh/QhQWTn5ZlnzNQAjiCKwTBzcS4PTTtm+/4hk5OTKb17/TE6du2jW0btTqnyhxwHhAuau2mTW2TalqYzp393s94xlnps/Ecre1PfGapjFslBde236Qg2A25zvuCw3v0A++HKFfKnfQc/2rWTCkF4ank/IO7r9CL7YnvfmLpOkuBi5Y8xAE4benr1UQ+geU/lDyP1IQ214aLAJP8N6dzFhqX/XdjKyT1fn8leZY9i7Yxvp1aG1CZPpmdlmRO3L78+SiLAQuWvsYOmc2sJ8pyYIqpU47l+uNOEf77E0jY+R4b06S4p+H3gM7NbBhHAcv3Q9T6aMGCB9OrUxxwfh0pNDJ8/KTA3s2CaEXRzbHA2QCK443+JjIk3ltp0eb3yXBzTcuZ4W5zOyTDDFaz06tNLvpIeG/nPyt4/nXTHIiYiI6o4B8AYXrAGiZ/tUGdKjU8UDVRo/P8dXO1svyhMG95bxA3tIp9TmMnXMIInVgIbKktWUaMkvKpJn755oLvaogp3Ui/e37p1U8XyzBqELmTmSdvCoPDP1JhnVt5t0b99anrxtrF6sz5pRtLiQo4qCIPGNuybIt/XzqDJZEJ4QdqaOGSy3aXhElfLRyaNNRQ95AKFhXdp+eeSWURo8+5hA8Zi+jlBZVYPgON03BEVsZw/dHoyCnrVsowbSEvn+Q7fpOtrIWA0UP9SfF23YbipqqJ49NGmkTBnZX4NsO3nuvlskKvzKSlNxaams2rZbRvXrpgF6qG5PqjwyeZS0StZj7HyPO1Qfn7xtnIzUz/Tv0k4eu3W0CWGHNSQt1eCMqiHCX492reT20fqvbjOaWgFhuVu7lnLbyAEyVV/rqa/FRUZI59YtNOylmvfgcD5x2xgZ3b+bDNCw5jhuBWZEbXKTOHnw5pHStW1LE9zv0GUs37KrIkRhu63X/Z3fCyrC2IYmsdGSpGGwS5sUU/XDtnzn/skayFrLmAHdzfFD1dLTQBGcO9/RYziyb1dTUcbgjoO6v3g/tvtOPe8QSG8e2ld66vLmatiz/kixlOjzqaMHyeh+3WVQ9/by0yfvltyCAj3fjjvfQURE9YUB8AaHZsUxGgRwobceuLgH+Dsu7uczsqV180TT3AZ4P5pIT5y7aCpOrrrqhR9hAIEtNircBASERet5noa3guJiSc/MlQ+/Wil/eHe6/P7tL+TNWYt1fQFm6pl7xg+VVRrwnn/lHfnnZ1/KkdPnKsINoNkZza+o7gUFBpgQhabcHu1bmSbEAg0O+H1LDSpoakRGQfWoY6vmFYHFVWR4mKQ2SzKfxXY2iY2SwuJSDR9ndD2X5JUPZ8vv3/nCbOvnS9aa96PKhmrcsF6dKz6HShyeuysqKjHVxr6d20lwUKDZHjS59uvS9oqmUEtq86aSoNuB7cWy27bQ53pc9x07JacvZEgbfR4SFGTei/W2b5ls/gW8H9XMqIgwx/6bXzpCHx6A5cVHO5YfrMcqTD+Lit1uDbbnLmTJS9Nmyu/0e/nDuzNMMzdeQ/M2oCoZqMt1P5auy8e/h06ek0E9Ojr2WX+H96N6hyB+MSvX8UYXqcmJkpwQa96H9+A7zMotMM3DqMj++YPZZpv+9N4MU21Nz8qpdF4AvgtUH63jFhIcKN3atDRdBIiIqH4xADZyuBgjFFjNsGimRQhJdAYUV9EajnwJDgwyYRDNkagm4oEKI5qC0ZSKEPCLZ+4zFTD0/3v5/dmmamhBeEJ/NFSRXLfp+FkNpPocwQGVSYQM63UET8f7zdNKEGas8OSqaUKchpcAmTKif8V2juyrQXnUQNPPEPt+QIOgBaEUwdAdticsNFiOIsg6AzP6BKJPonuAtqRnZlWaWxEhHKO1UZ2LiYwwzarWIAxUwc5dzDaBFLBdYcHBV3w3rsJDQjyGz5SkJhIfG6nfxcCKfR47wFEdjXJ+t+gCUB34HlEpxeAQy8nzF813Ea3h1F2EhniENld41jQhxgTaKaho6vZg2yYO6SN3jh0sQW77UH6p3FRJLTi++EMFfyAQEVH9YgBs5HCx/WzJWtP0eOjUOdNf7KiGF/Tfs6qENYEKGwYiYPBIVm6+BoRy8/P2A8ckMS5GXp+xSHYdPmGaMdHUiSZf19G9EWGhJoBhahNsEwaNoM/czoOOaV0QWLF89CHDAAf0L3xX33vo5Bkzb6EnnrISmlDNIJf1O0zYOqEBE33vcMeK1s0SZUjPTvKXD+bIiq275eCJs/LvLxZI2oErmxoxKAHVv88WrTF9KzEnHwZMoJnavYJlwTpe+/wr2bbvqBzSZaP/YLMmsdIltYUM791ZFm9MM4M00K8S/QjRbxGhsrqwv56+OTSbnzh7wQwC8tP/O3TinHy+2NEHE0G2JtA8j2X9/dP5JgiiGfk3r39qmuyTdV/cuYc/wNFBNwE0BaP6iaZx9DVFtwR8z37OqrQFVep/6nHbuvewCeOvfDhXLmRlS/d2rZzvICKi+sIA2ChdDiYDumHwQDczaOE7v/+P6ZP1+K1jTAhyTU6oOPnrBdqCAOEaGqznaBJ8+JYRZoDCH96ZYQadYMDFw5NGSoi+NrpfN3n143ny6H+/Ij95dZrcMqyvJCfEOJeCi7yf3Dqin2lC/ctHc+Vbv3tNDmswRb+vQA0AaAZEpQjNnP/31ufy7T+8bgY+oGkQr1VXcw0p//fcwyZk/fhv0+Svuq5uGiQwOALLeeSWkTJCw9gfdR++/9Kbkq1h9q5xg52fvgzBZmz/7nLToF4m3H7zt6/Jpl0H5eahfUyg8QR93tDs/qvXP5Hv/ukNM/L263dOMOEXTd+oyv1nxkL52m/+KbNWbDKhECOo66pVcoJ878FbzWjbH7z8lgm1I/p0kZ7OvoM1gVHdv/32w6YC9/wr75rBGIO6d5Snbx9X5X67w9nVoWUzuVuP+bxVW+Q7f3jDBH/0EUSzvXtkDA8JlsnD+8pv3/5CvvenN02Q/cFDt0l8dKTzHUREVF/8srPSPZcxqFFBFSi/qNjMo1efUOFzDy+YrDkzO89MTeM62hRQjcNoVYxERZDIzss3/Q5xK7HDp87K/3z9fuc7HU3DWH6svrcuMCAB6/LUbIp1YPBBdY4LmiQzc/PMtnuqeAFGrmKkLAbJoKkUt9vz9H40+WLfE1ym76lPOG7o71nVdtYE+g8G6fFDeK8LbBP6Pnr6HjAo6aVps+Wj//uB+b7wvaC/Zj1sfiUl+t/BJ7k5sr6o8sjix6KipXdI6BWhlIiosWIF0CYQBOo7/IGnyhX6m2EQh3v4A0wejalJMKUImlAR/tDMi6ld0K/QFaqNdQ1/gGbcqgZsYB3VPS4IQKhGVTdUoUmzqvejmtpQ4Q/wvdRH+ANUdusa/gDbVNX34ArfFwbB1Hf4IyKiyxgA6apCVQrNqSu37Zaf/eN9eWnaLPn9O9NNv0D0yyMiIqKGxwBIVxWqUt3bt5KfP3WPGYgSHIw+haPk0VtH10s/uGsN/fw6t0mRoKBA52+oOprERMvQXvwDgIjoamEfQCKyDfYBJCJyYAWQiIiIyGYYAImIiIhshgGQiIiIyGYYAImIiIhshgHwKsJ8d4s37HA+a/wOnDhjbvdWnzCx8tod+6SwuMT5m8YBd2jB7dLc7Tx0XPYfu/IexTVRUlIq81ZvlnSXezITEZG9MQBeRbjTBe79ahcHjp+WRRu2O59dtvvwCfl00Rr5eMFqmbl8g3leUlrqfNW7zJw8Wb19jxQWFTt/0zjg9m245667HQeOyt6jV/6+JopLy2TW8o2SnpXt/A0REdkdA+BVhDtflJZV/6b/NzrcOg23fnO3XUPNgnXbZdfh47Juxz759eufypuzluixKXO+wws9hp6W2VBwy7ZqbVcdYR04Xu7wO0+/r4lL+n8lesz00BERERkMgHTVIdAM7t5BfvbU3fKbbz0kf/r+47Iubb9s33/U+Y7rx3+mL5Q12/c5nxERETUODIDXAAJQema25BZUnowWCoqK5dT5i5Ln8lpZebk+LxIUcNAHzr3/G56jgoQKz/mMbHMzfVeX9IWM7Fw5dzHLrBs32scN/gE36EeVKzsvX06cu2h+huy8gkrPLWiqPXU+wzTFeioo4XMXsnJrVLWKi44wt4jDPlpKdb1n0jPN8rD9eM11mThO7s3ArscMUCk0x835sYLCYjmtyzRVPX1Y6/N2/KaOGSQ9O7R2PruS6/5iudguLAfLLnP+7kJWji6/ctUS1WCcAxf1s9g/X3AOnLmQaZbvCp/NzM2Tk/pdVadZHNtxLiPLfO/usE14DcegXNfnDucNtsHTenLzC815i/3Fo7DIcQxxbHH/Z3zm+Nn0iu3H667PLdZxwXrwHRERUcPgnUCuosUbd8inC9eYQLFh10Hx9/eX+24aKuMH9jSvr9m+V6bNX2GCTEhwsEwa2kduG9lfjp1Jl7dnL5FeHdvI/DVb5JFJoypum4WQ8/6XKyQhJkrW7NinQeCCNGsSJ9+4a6K0bJpgLrQfL1wlK7fukRINOR1bNpOmCbHSJDZKJg/vJ2/NXCJ5GgYwAAGBtEtqinRv31Lmr94iOXpR79omRZ69e6JEhYfJ4ZNn5V9fLJBzF7LEP8BfBnRrL4/eMsqEN1z0sZ6lG3eai3iP9q2lma5n2/4j8r/feshsq+WDL1eagQ0j+nQxgWTL3kMmkH73/skSHREm+4+flrdmL5VTGmqw7PGDespGPV7YjjLdh08WrpbWzRJlx4Hj8stv3C9+zts3/O3jefLY5NESpcuAeau2yJ4jJ+S5+27R/dksc/V5YXGxtG2RLL30O1izY6/8+tkHvR4/bGu7lGQZqPvqytP+4tjuP3Favjb1Jvnd29PlJt3u6UvXm5DXNqWpfOe+ybptoSaIv6Xf596jp8RfN36cfv/o1zi2fw+5Y/RA5xoc3tfz4aKG9wuZOXLk9Hndzkiz/I6tm5vX0bdv9spNGs5KJCw0RB6cOEKG9epccUwA3+v3X3pLz5uRpk/m8bMXJCQoUG4fNUhuHtrbvOeE7vebMxfL4VPnzO36cI4+dusYiY0MN+F2yaY0+XzJOsnXYItz5/6Jw6VPpzYmKH65Zqs5tjhvcex6tG9lfn58ylj5au1Ws8xjZ86bYNk8MV7G6H7i9+c1bOL5t+6dJM31czim78xZaiquCLwJup6n7xgnnVu3MNtYH3gnECIiB1YArzKEOYSeF792r16sh8uHX66S85nZsnnPIRMaRvXtKn/87mNyrwZDXAxxcUUF5eDJczJj2Xp56OaR0jK5iXNpjv5dGN35z8++kjbNk+QXutzEuGgzuAIX1M0artam7Zenp46XP3znEUnRUIPloCqF6tFRvTAjgD2uF3us96AGmC8Wr9Mg5XiOyhKaZrGNP331A2kaFyO//fbDGmZukfW63DdmLDLb8dGCVTJr2UYTGl782n2mr96H+jvPLsn2A0fkdf3sW7MXazjdLbl5BabChIraO3OWSRMNOr9+9gH59n2TZJW+vmn3QfO6pWeHVBMu9x93jJxFSFq4brus2rbXPNfVyxdL10kbDV4IV5/pPt06op9u+yPSvmWyCX0IJr6OH46Te2URPO3vazMWytkLmSa8nDx/Uf7w7gwZ2rOT/OSpu0zo+3zJWrMPH361ygS6/3r0dvn50/fIvqMn5dCJM7rUK/8WQ8BCyMT9k3Hc+3RqK1+t22YqZzhuH3y1Uh6dPEpe/sETMnlYX9Nk7WkwCbw0bZZ0a9tKfvPNB2XikN66z1+aEdU45n98d6bkFxbLf+v2/OSJu8x5+ru3PjfHcW3aPnlHA/nQHh3lR4/dIanNkuTl92bJcX3PsdPpej5tkDtGDZCXdBtG6vk7Q4/dERxb/TAqzxj5PnZAT/nzD5+S0OAg+ffnX+nz7uY5Aj7OI7z3jZmLTAj/4cNT5Pd6rrZr0VRe0vUgOBIRUf1iALzKmsRGy73jh0rLpk1kTP/uEhYabJo6P9QL+SC9wA7r3UWKSkulc2oLuUffhxCDpktUvlD5Gd67s6lMuRuin33klpHSOjnRhARcnBEe5q7aLPdPGCYDu7Y3675z7GDp27ltRdZABermoX30d21MZWdYry6mIoX34Hm/Lu3MBfizRWtM9eoeDaalutwmGpK+dc/Nsm7nfhNeMd3LDx+5vWL7vvPAZOnUylGlupKfhpV+8taLz8m0X31PPvjND0yF7KevTjPNggH+/iaAtkiKly5tUuQ+3f6YyHDnZx2SE2Jl3ABUkraZ8IDKKKqCyzbvNMFtw679kpNfICP0eKJ/4b03DTMV1abxMeZ4DNDjgUqXparj5wkCY3X2d7xuH5qQEWRQLcWIXkfzZoZ8+/5bTGWrlYb5J24bq8c6xkP8c3xNw/t0rtj2Yb06meb3HA1t/9QghWPQRpefr4Gwj35n+B7X79xnmrTdTdRl4A8LVOnuGD1I93eUfKLfK4IkmvafvmO8BGtAwzmJSmraweOycttu8zr2A1U/nJfP6B8Tk4b1kX3HMMp7h9w0uJeMHdhD4qMjTNVzTL/uFccW249QOLJPF/0Ow0y1e2D3DuZ7wXNs/+n0DP3D46ypZuKPopioCFOtvn30QNM9AOGfiIjqFwPgVYYmTlSYLJFhoaa/WFZuvumXNXPZhorHhaxs0ySLZssQvTB3a9vS+akr9eqYaoIThOsF3PRp058RgpLiYszvITwk2IQnq60rNCTINL+hORrw2eDAQH3ueEOYvo5m5nMaAgMDAmT2ik0V27d+5wHp2b61qb5dKr+k25diPgMIlmgKrI6IsBBT2UTfQkwJg+OD7bC0SEzQ5yHOZ5fdN2G47Dt6SvYcOSWbdx+S72oIQ/MvRhcj+N45ZrAEBwWaZssOLZMr9hHhBE2oAc59hKqOnyem/2M19heB3oIAi+Z4TMkSFRFeaX+wf5Hhnpsfsa0tk5pUvB/fAfbDnDM5+aavnOs5g+bomMgIU2V2h2ZvV707tTHVP/T7Q6XvSw3R1nJWb99rQjL++EATMoKfdXxwTB+aNNKEPfQ/TI6PrXgN24eAifcAziP8sYNKH4Trd43m54rzTZ/jWGM/sA2oXrruD/5owXsQ8omIqP44/leYrhpcGF0rTxASHChN9SKK11Dtsh69O7aRob06m/AQGOAvgYEBzk9cCf2/dMHOZ5fFRUWaZlzr+omLOfqAWekGwSVAL9q+oDJWXFoqU0cPrNg+VL8Gdusg3du10mX4m36NFlThNmooqy70EUN4Qdg5k55RaYDMoZNnJVeDrLvkhBjp3CbF9MVr1SzRNG+j/9scDakZ2Xmm72BIUJAJhTsOHjNNs4BwlHYAzy+HiqqOnyfoL1id/Y3QcO8O4QdhPzv38v5gfkj8zlPEwffj6XtHKEIfy0QN967nDCq3CLNYjzv0MXW1atse06cQxxy7jj6h1nJG9+umAbCd9NcH+gFu23fE/CEAGNDxxZJ1smXvYUnUgIaqLfYfcI6gW4E1yMhP/y9Izy/3c95dy+QECQoKkE4azK1tuHvcEFON7diquc/PExFRzTAAXmWeLmS4yKOigirW+/OXy9FT580FFn0C0TRnVUu8qeryiKZD9BNDJ370eZs2b4Xp01fTCyqaAEtLyuTVT780/btWbN4lv3ztEzly+pxpmkRT3l8/nGOaYlHF+93bX5g7n3h2SdKzcmTXoROmmXH+6q3yp/dmyk0De0rXtimmavSvzxfILl0OqowfL1xtBqR4MrxXJxPEBmkQRdBol9LUDK5ANS4qPNSE6kHdO8h0PZ6YfBpNjW/OWixbNdC4VpVqcjRioyOqtb+ejjEqWi0S4+Wl92eagS240wf6QqKvXFXb4On3OGcwuGXhum2ydGOaOWfen7dc3pi52Lzuad1oyn1t+kJTNUU/SwTnezRkDenZSSLDwkyfRby2Zc8h8/M2PU/ioyNNt4DZqzbJu/OWmXPn1U/mm/6MqOyheRd9/Gat2Gj2f8bS9bJiy66KPzCqC0HygYnD5e05S2WrBktsx8vvz5KZy9ZLqLN6SERE9SfghReef9H5MzUwdPzPys2TwS5Ng2jyQvMaKh8YMIDAg7CGgQdP3z7OVADxMzrbo7qFJjZXyDAIYRhNiaZcXPixDvTbQ3WueaLjd3NXbjL91pI0rGFEKy7sHVo1MyNLUd1DiAM0xaG5EQMiXJ9jG8dq6Nl/7JR8tXa7udjfOqK/3HfTMLN8NE+j0jZ35WZZk7bPBDk0EWIaEGyHKzT1Ivys37nfVM3Q1D1xSB+5f8Jw0/8MFZ8dB47JvNVbTJibMrK/2U/0Y0Q1DE2WXXV9qO7hebGuA8cuMjxMggID5dzFbNOPEaECWun+oWq3aP0Oc8u12KgIuVnXl1tQYPqreTt+x86mS3JCnHndgmjlbX/Rb3KXBjtU4+J0XXDuomNKGwSmzm1ayNkLWTJ39WbTfxLbGqFhFaOTU53H3YLBJNiv1GaJ5nmBLh8V0q7tWprfddBjhbuIrNi6y/RZ/MZdE8zxc4XKJ7bn2btvNv/OXrnRNNt/U5+jb2KQHsMhPTuapu0F67eZYD6yT1d55o7xptKZkpRgHks37ZLlm3ea5tzv3D/ZBNnYyAiJ12OLO9zggRHD6OeHwR4YtX5W9zs6Itz0zwR0ScjNLzLnE85l63kXfY7KJZrC5+r3jnMjWb+Pb2vIRV/U+oIa5q7iYjlZVvnOM71DQiRZz52qQjgRUWPDaWCuQ+gThT5Vnqo4tYVKIpo8cWGuK2yfv5+/qdS5QzMhAofVB6wuMCoVy0Hzd1WwLjT3opkcQQYQ3tDXEv0mXSFEFhQVmebe+jqyddlfa1RzXY8V/gPG94u+m76g6onmWdd+nq7wOkIcgp8nmDIoTI+re1UaxwB9HNGfs67QFQBh1v2PnfrAaWCIiBwYAInINhgAiYgc2AeQiIiIyGYYAImIiIhshgGQiIiIyGYYAImIiIhshgGQiIiIyGYYAImIiIhshgGQiIiIyGYYAKlB4c4RuKtDQ8kvLJIPv1pp7lhSV7g7Bm5z9s7cZZKTd+W9h8nh4Ikz8uqn8+UX//rQPMfk0J8uXCO//M8nsmHXAfM7IiK6vjEAUoPCrczqI5xVpbSsXPYdPS15BUXO39Te3z+ZJ6d0ezu3blEvdzJpjHCru88Wr5Oi4lIZ0qOT+R3u/btq2x7p2SFVmjWJM78jIqLrGwMg1Svc73bTnkMaEErM80u4z0wD32vmklmB55UcP3vBVPaqY/ehE3L7qIHmXsnut5G7nmTl5suiDTvMLflw67YTuo/pmTkNfZiNwqJi/W6LZeqYgXLz0D7md2fSM2VQ944yZXg/EwAPnzonufmV77RBRETXFwZAqlcXs3Jk0frtkq9B4Xqwff8ROXXuovOZdyWljnswX+/OZ2SZZm9sL0Jf2qHjGrrOmjDY0Kx1+LncNA33AbZuK1yq27Rp98Fqh24iIro2GACp3mTm5ukj31T/MjQAFBReDoGoVh06cVZy3CpDCA/HzqSbfmXFJaXO33qG7IEm2rMXs6S8/Mqwg0B05NT5iuojoJmyTYumzmeO7Tio24F1luu6oUjXi8BSrivIyss3VUz87Mmp8xmVthXbn5mTL2VljmUBmqNzCworKnJ4vvvwCTmpQdQ9pGE9py9kyIlzFyq2B2/BcUTztgVNr6j85esxxWtY38WsXNNXcWDX9tI5NcX8jNddZecW6HFxbCuWf/T0ebPvrsv2BH0rd2Gb9Xhbxxr/XszOM8crMydPLmjYxzoLNOyjHyCeY39G9u0mTRNizWcA6z965rz57tz3v6rvH/uRk19gmprP6fftenyJiKju/LKz0iv/LzJRLX3zt//WgIFwUSaBgQHyyC0jTWhAH8ADx0+bC31sVIT86LE7pEf71lKiF/w/fzhHVmzercGhXGL0tecfvV16dUh1LvGyYxog/vDuDDl88pz4+/vL6H7d5Ll7J5lg9PL7s6RLaguZvnSDCXA92rWS//fIbdIkNlr+9dlX0qVNioaSrnIhO0f+943PZd/RUyaIIBi+8PidGj5Oyz8+/UrOZ2ZLkG53v85t5fsPTpH4mEjn2h3h9pUP58r6nY5BDimJ8fKDh6eYJs+X3psl/bu0k0nD+phw9od3psutI/rLkJ6dZM+Rk/JH3e7zGdlmnfgdtjsmMtxUy175aK4s3phmUl+rZonyYz02CbrdP3rlXfn2fbdIp9bNzfrmrd4sC9Zul35d2sr781dIsX42JChQuuq+dWzdQpKbxJqgdPZiptknQKD67h/fkP/SY4oC3Z+mzTQB2c/PT3p3aiPfe+BWSXDZR8A2rtm+T/7x2ZeSpSEP7715aG95dPJoc6wf/cVfzXYHBgSIn7+fDOrWXlZt24uSoATq9/LEbWPN8b173BDp0KqZnNXv/nd6PPA7GNi9g3xb9z8uOtLr9//BlytNKEQwx7qwD4l6XOqqRPfvk9wcWV9U+Q+Rx6KipXdIqEtdk4iocQt44YXnX3T+TFQnY/p3Nxd4VIR+9tTd0r9rB0k7cFRWbN0tD90ySgPHZIkMCzMjRRHK/vzBHFNJ+uWz92vAGGUCzfvzV0rPDq1NULQgQP7fW19Im+ZJ8sOHbtMQ1VGWbdppqmr9urSR5Vt2S9rB4/Lt+2+RpzSAbNd1ooLUUcPTup37TRCM18Dxo1fek3YpTeWX37hf7hgzSE6nZ8jslRvlzrFD9DFYQ9YW+a9H7pD7JwyXyHANAxp+ANWw3741XYNPqfzP1++ThyaNMBW+175YKKP6dDXVro8WrtJ9aikbdx80FbJbhvWVAv0cRsbeNnKACWWT9Hd4HZUwhKO/aPhBMEToQX+6dP0ZIa+PhrNFG9JkcI+OFaEHQRIhCqGzV8c2+vyE/P1Hz8hNg3vJlr2HJSIsVMb27yFfLF1vAmxURJjMWrFRMnJyTf+832sI66wh+b+fvkduGzVAdh0+roF5nX5nPUzotaDP5Fuzl8hdekx+9OgdMnZgD7MtqHL27dxGxvTrbkLmD3U7nrptnAzv3VWK9Pvu17md/OTJu6StHl8MCOnWtpUJub/X8Ns6OVG+/9AUGdW3m+w4cMxUcNvr/r80bVaV3z/6EX61bpvZvjtGD5SkuBgTBOsKdcRdxcVysqxytbl3SIgkBwYyABKRbbAJmOpNeGiIhIcEm0CBQBKs/6K8jAv/8F6dze96dmhlAuJODWyrt++Vrm1T9OdjslJDYkRYiISGBMnWfUdQEKuAaWQQAL517yRp0yLJBCRUhPp3bWcqjKhaPaIBs6/+HpUlVM0wMMK1mXj55l2SnpWtATDZLG+jhlCEQTSr7jt2yqwbF39sP7bBCn+w89BxDUbput62skt/XqPbje0JDQ6Uuas2m+2YMLi3vPT+LFmyYYdM1XAZFR4mc/Q1NLsGBvhrSN2pQe2QpGqIRWBDCEZQ+v6Dt5owjG1Gxe/u8UOca63Mah4O1pASERpsqqA4njjmliZxUebYIGShaXbGsg0ydfQg2bznoGkeR4DepD9jO9q3TDb7tC5tn/PTDtv3H5Xu7VqZCmuQBjJUOFHNW7opzQRbHCd8v1gvQnKYHiu8D+EtUrcnyCWkIaCf07D48C0jpVVyE/Nd44+AXh1T5eDxM16/f5wACJAP3TxCOrRsdl0PyiEiuhExAFKD8tcglRAbVTGtir+fvwlXeYWOJjiENFSErAea/1o2TdBXLoe3wqIS0xzrOkAjJSnBVBwDNHCgMoQmUCu0ISQ5AtPlZaCKFx4SYgKftS6MnB3Ru4s0iYlyvssz9ClEwMktKHD5bLYM18+i4oXtSm2WaJqpS8rKKqp2GAmLbUEzpvU5bNeAbu1N3zdAkLTgGA3t2ami+unaXw4VONfnVRnRp4sJtAvXb5foiDATttAUHKrBFn30rO1Av8TJw/uZyqirgqIiUz1EE74lSoMemmtdDme1ZOfn6z4FmaqvBQEdIdXqY1nV949XU5slVapOEhFR/WEApAaFUIa+Ye5QCUOFEP8+MHG4edwzfqi0bZFsqkWuFbimCTGmCocQZ1m5dY/87eN5JkgFBPiboOlNu5bJpiqGaqS1vklD+5h+gM0T453v8iy5SZzp1ziga/uKzyI8YTvRXIkBEOiXh2obKn+oMCLAdG3b0gQdNAdbn8MACVTYuukD27zWpQKHgTP//Owr/TfPVA0xvQpgAETawaMVodEbVOxyNdyhKfjWEf1MgEITNZqvbxnWr2I7RvTpagJW5zYpzk864Heo3GVrULZgMEiChmRsE1Q3B3Zs1Vyy8/LNwBMLwunni9dKYly0z+8/yLk+IiKqf+wDSPUKfboQ1vp1aSdhIcGmORKVrU6pLczrGGG7bf9RGdars6S2SJKPF6yS3Pwi2X/8tLw1e6mcvZghIzWcuE7E3KxJvOn/9pkGBwxEQNPpnBUbTQWudbNEWbtjnwliVjVrr743Q7cD8/lt2n3IVNmwPoSRGcvWm6bMrXuPyOszFpmANLhHJxPGPlm42lQEmyVWnswYyy0uKZFp81eavn8Hjp+Rt3Vbz1zMkpsG9ZIZGrZQXcPgDlSvpi/bYMIPtmn3kRMa8vZLvoaydfovBjeguReDN+KiIuVD3f+cvELZoccEfe+iI8Nl3MCecv5ipqzYtttUN9HMjAE0qDQi1KGiiGMwaWhfs/3oV4jgiT6PYcHBZvDE6fSL8vWpE8zr2B+MwP5i6bqKfX9v3nLzGRwjV6j+4Zit27HfVDCx7WieffTW0dJCgzKO/4adB0xl0apUoknbDEjRwIuQiqZdhFx8Nxj1PX/NFsnT7xjB+NNFa6RP57bm2CDYV/X9o88jAvHoft3NOuoL+wASETkwAFK9QpBCsGiRlGDCCwIIKmhWOMPIUbzesmkTE5I66CMzJ9c0s/bp3MYMPkAIcYXKE/rfoRn4Qla2hpwQuWP0IBnUo6NZH/rttUpONM2c5v26TlS9mut60QSZoqEM/cn66jKaxsea6VP0YzKqXzeZooHKGlyAwNqlbYrpy+YO4aYDqogaaNCkinVjsAjWj5HHNw3qaapksZEREhYabJpfrXWiGRjNzQi1qAYiHKMPX/uWzcwAibMZWWYU7IjeXeX20QPN+xDmsD+n0zNNf72xA7pL6+ZJ0rZFU/NZrAe/x884xi10HxP0GPvr8UX/PAzCaJWcYCppCI59NXQhcCGAY5uxvaiA4v2u0NcOnw0KCjDN3OhneNvI/ia0Yl1YXoQuH1U6q19ekO4fvu8msVHmdew/RjTjeCL4R4SGyqkLGaZSi8EumLYGP7dp3rTK7x/LRDM/zpP6xABIROTAaWDomkPfNnQJcw8jnljNoHWZsNnqS+fazFxd+CQ+jxBVE+jrho94Wqe3fcJ8fVbTa3WhuRo8jZrFruPOKdXZfvRX9EPocz6vC2yTFUbd1eT7rytOA0NE5MBONnTNIRhU9+KPAFGX8AdYX23CH+BTNQ1/gP2rap3e9qmm4Q8Q/DyFP8AmVHf7TcXP+XNdYXuq2seafP9ERFQ/GACJiIiIbIYBkIiIiMhmGACJiIiIbIYBkIiIiMhmGACJiIiIbIYBkIiIiMhmGACJiIiIbIYBkIiIiMhmGACJiIiIbIYBkIiIiMhmGACJiIiIbIYBkIiIiMhmGACJiIiIbIYBkIiIiMhmGACJiIiIbIYBkIiIiMhmGACJiIiIbIYBkIiIiMhmGACJiIiIbIYBkIiIiMhmGACJiIiIbIYBkIiIiMhmGACJiIiIbIYBkIiIiMhmGACJiIiIbIYBkIiIiMhmGACJiIiIbIYBkIiIiMhmGACJiIiIbIYBkIiIiMhmGACJiIiIbIYBkIiIiMhmGACJiIiIbIYBkIiIiMhmGACJiIiIbIYBkIiIiMhmGACJiIiIbIYBkIiIiMhmGACJiIiIbIYBkIiIiMhmGACJiIiIbIYBkIiIiMhmGACJiIiIbIYBkIiIiMhmGACJiIiIbIYBkIiIiMhmGACJiIiIbIYBkIiIiMhm/LKz0i85fyYiatRKLl2SjzIyZNX5C1KWXyil+QUiZeUyLjJSuuojMSZK4mMiJTw0xPmJG9sl3d+S0jLB/8gHBvhLgL99/ubHvnvmJ35+zh9roLSsTB/l5jgGBgQ4f1s1HPey8nJzzAMDA3StRNcXBkAiso1dR0/Ka0vWyZ59R6QkK0dTgvMFp8TYaOnRobVMGNxL+nZqK/7+9XPZ3nfslCzbvEvKNRBU5ifhIcGSFB8tHVo1l7Ytmjp/7/D6jEUmePgSHREu94wfUhFMsvMKZJvu417d34ycPBOGwnQ9qc2TZFC3Drq+GPM+LHu5btf+46fNc18Gde8oTfWzizbskLyCQgkKDJTR/bpdsd2AZX/01WrJLdCQrSYM7i3JCbGyYN02OZ2eYX7nyl+DEo5Fy+Qm0rN9a4mNinC+IrJq2x7Zeei4l1B3Wf8u7aV1s0T5Qr/nktJS528v89P0h4DfIjFO+nZuZwJ/Vcp1fYdOnJFNew7J6fMZUlhcIqEhQfrZeOnVMVU66nfmCu8/fPKcbNx9QE7h/UXFEhIcZI439qmHPqzwieOTdvC4Po7qsSwyv0uMi5bbRw6UAA2ZlrMXs2Th+u2Sq3+s4Psd2aernivNnK8S1R4DIBHZwrLNO+XfXyyU8xlZGsSq/p89BIT46EiZOKS3PHnbWOdv62b2yk3y94/nmaqQO1SUQoODJSoiTG4a2FPunTBMnweZ1yZ865cmVPiSEBslb//iOQ0nwXLo5Fl5ffoiDX+nNAjmV/p8eGiwtGneVL52503StU2KCTR/em+mLN200/kO7x6dPEq6t2slv3t7ulzQAI2AfMuwvvL0HeMlMizU+S4HBLB/fbFASp37/OPHp0qfTm3kf177RHZpmHOH447gE6HhrHmTOPn6XRPMuuDl92fLvNVbPAToKz108wgZ2L2DPP/Ku1Kk++cJqnI4Fm1TkuW5eyZJmxZJzlcqW7dzv/zz0y9NCCsuuRwmEeriNKDePW6w3D5qUEWoQ+j+m37PJ89frPT+oMAAE2gnD+8nD0wcLgWFxfLr1z+VI6fPS6YGdCvkI0j/5f89acK6ZfrS9eYPgQINk/ExUfKLZ+6Rbm1bOl8lqj32ASSiRm/9zgPy0rRZcvZCptfwB6gyIdx8tGCVvP/lSudv68bbOtGsmFtQaKpinyxaI4s37KgIOtUJf3DJuXxU5abNWy4bdh2QzNy8Kz6fr8Fj1+ET8od3ZlRUBqtTVbPgva7LxH4t2ZAmR06d09ecv1Qnz12Ud+curwh/YB2DqtaH3+P9Wbn5sufISXnx3x9Lbn6h8zXfwc+CpfvaJzTN5uiyt+8/Kp8uXmN+doff/UGD7vGzFyqFOUCwPKPnEiqcOw8dM78r0ff8UcP0YT0W7u9H8D+fkW3CHKqJWRrM0zQEp2dmV4Q/MFvtsuk4L7bsPWzCHyAYs/pH9SXghReef9H5MxFRo4Pm19+/M10ysvOcv6kehIhjZ9Kla9sUSYpzNJnWFqpxGzWUIQS1Sm4iD948Qsb27yGDe3Q0F/WLGjjzC4qkRMMAAlD/ru0lIixU3pmzzLkEkW/fN0lG9+suw3p1vuIxun8303S6W4PT27OXmlDp7+cnQ3p2kq/fOUEmDOktcdGRcvzMeSnScIImYoSLAbqeNdv3ytHT5806urdtKY9PGetxHXgM6t7BfG71tr0VoQThBs2dQ3p2NJVLVLf+8uEc03TqGsPw+eaJcabaiOAD4wb0kHvGDzWv9encVgID/U21DQEN1ckmetw7p7aQNTv2ygEsTxfYs0NruX/CcBnVt1ulbTOP3p3NPuE4f7V2m5TpcYiOCJOHbxklNw3qJUP1PWiKRUA7r9uA7/jMhQz9HjpIk9hos02Wd/Q4IqxBTGS4PDxppDw6ebRp/kXgxfbhGCTERJlK5ScaJFds2W3ej3Xee9MwefzWMZLaPNGcR/mFReYz4SEhpukY1cLkhBgJCw2RHP0+AN/RpKF9TMUQ8L28/+UKEzhRZXxCv5uODIBUT1gBJKJGCxfcuSs3m+pLbVzMzpUv12w1lbX6gmY8hBf0M8TF/ht3T5Tn7rtFgoICzev7jp0263U3bmBP8xlPj8HdO5pmzbU79lVUnxBKXnjiThMy+3dpp0HwJnlEA4wFlTv3JukWTRM8Lt96pCQlON9Z2fYDR+XNWYtN8Pxq3TbZuu9wtaqXXTRcW8u+Y9QA+eFDt1U0+8JRDVqXOdpZWyY10WPRo+JzlR4a8tD/D83JlrDQYBmuwRCvT9QHmm1/8bV7pW1zR79F9L9DQEfodLXr8OVm6ltH9DN9LHu0b2XC54Bu7U3zNwLkibMXTLhDkLbcOXawCYwIqwi4U0b0r+ifiSZ69CP83289KC//4AnTh7KqvqZfrt1q/iCAdi2SZUSfLuZnovrAAEhEjRb6V+04eOyKi3t14QKP5uMLWVcGsvqCS/+Aru1M3zdAkyCaCH01Y3py8vwF508iAzWkuPYlg76d2kjLpk3MYJD2LZOvaKqsC1TcZq/YKPPXbKkY1FBTCEmuI7DR1+6ymh+PqqCil5RwuapbWHRlX0FUCgd262Cqnn07t60YQY1sicBnfT2o1iHAoduApUPLZpVCXXuX56igojKJyqG30cSoWC9ct935TEzV2OobSlQfGACJqNFC5Q6jN+viQma2abKsTSCrLgSBEJewhoBQG0VFlwMdmhbdoTr2jxe+Jn9//mn53XcekYiwuk13ExUeZoIkwhHC5L8+XyAHjp8xryFo1rS/GipxOzWwW3p1aO38CTxXyWoDzcy7D590PhNJiouuVDWERyaPkhe/dq/84pl7pUc7jN51vL7z4HFTpcX5gGZ2hGmE97Kyy+eHFRYtrs/RPF2dU2n60nUmLAIGh6DqiGP88YLV8sLf3pMf62POyk3mdaLaYAAkokaroKhEij1MBVITuFajKbmh+Yo3z/z6H/Lwz/9S6YFBBTWBEIMqEiprIUFXVpPQP899Ha9+Mr9iMIY7jGC+eUgfE/YA064gGEWGh8p/PXqbmSbGm3fnLJMn/udv5nH/T16WH/31XTM4Bf0f0WyK5uvLHKlp8cYd8rTbsfjuH9+ocsRvTl6hfLxwjbw2faG89sVCefn9Wfr+1yXD2cyOUNyxdXMT5lwhlAcHBZqHVb3DwBoM1LG6FCQ3iTPN65jCpj5h+XNWOcIdwuPtowbq9xVoqsO7j5yQDbsOykZ9YEAPUW0xABJRo1VaVj9NnKbJz/nztYJQgJGnro/a9m2sijW61fVxTtfhOlLVXZvmSXLvhKEmKAGC08M3j5ROrVuY596gfxtG2eLhWmWNjQqX4b27uFXlHD9j4MW5i1mVthGDLKrqc4jvbt6qzfLRV6vMyO45KzfruhzNtZiXEFPbVGeQDwbPvD1rqaxL22+2E/v54MTh0jblyjkQ6+KS/t9ni9ea4ApoPu7XBXNS8nJN9YtnFBE1WoEB3itQ1YV+ab4qdA0Nc+ihT5rro76nBEmIiay0fEwa3a1tiltfvCuN7tvNDGaA3p1SZZT+7N4M6gnms8PceHhglK5VSTx1/qL88b0ZcvCEoznZwRHwMFlyvy7tKm3nsF6dKk2e7ApBDU2oXdq0kKYu/f5Q+fv1sw/I0J6dzZ06vEGT/D8+/dL0b0QYRjB9fMoYMxjFvXJYVyfOXTTT+Fj9VguKiuT9+cvllY/myj8/+7KiiR3QHI1twoTTRDXFAEhEjRaaOxEA6ioiNNTR+/8awohe9ElzfdT3qFAMdnBdPkbLTh0z6IrBJO5Q/fveA1PkrRefk588cdcVU6pUZaQGxefunWQeP3hoihkZi2lfUMxDdXPuqs3Od4Lj+Pfr3E5eeHxqpe387gO3SnAVzc2408ePHrtD/vi9x+T5R6dWVCox72JsdETFlCtVQbXvrVlLzGhwa9T0PeOG6HEZ6LOJuzaOn02XbOfIX0B1dP6abTJnxSbzLyqeFkw4vcplSh6immAAJKJGC6M90Um/LjBPHypjDRn/ECxcL+KeqllWfzTXh3uVDdOLWAoKrxyJi3nl0H/uqV+9Ks/9/j8VzYwWNDO6r6O6ATo4KMBME4M58KqblQP8/UwAsx64zZxr0zFuUXe5YdfxE/bZfRu9hThsC96DPo+tk5tIV+ddNDCg4rNFayuanT1BtW/Gsg0ya8VG078RfR4nDesj908cfkUfSuyLxX3Uuetz9Cf0dnz0VVORtI6J4x7OfuZzrusAPDPnwDX+44RuTAyARNRooS9Zv85tvAYEb9DUh9GX3u4XW1cIIMs27ayYaxDzAcZGRph11xQmmbas2Lpb8txC4Orte80kxgiCqCzhdmjXE4Rga5JoMHcPqQhodQ850foHweDuHcwt8wATN6OKVpUlG9Pk/fkrKkbjol8iJndGyHWX6NKPcP+x0xV3PoEDGmSt5xg57a3JGaOqn7ljvHzn/slXPDCpd/uUZOc7Rbq0SZHbRw2omEKIqCZ4JxAiarRQHUFz5LqdByQn33G3hZpAf7Onbh8vzZrEOX9TO653ArGqVphAGEEBN/pHlQk3+4fOrZvLxMG9r7gTCLYFgx0Onjh7xQN3tcA2ohl0yaY0U3HCKNejp88J7jOMZsNZyzfKzGXrK+b+mzS0t/Tv2q7SnUDCgoNMFdDTOvBAX0DXO4GgaXhk365mMIUn81ZvqRiogjt1uN8JBH0rccs1HAf0Z5u5fIMZ4WoNOhnUvaO5m4nrnUAwsTP+xTZfsY0nz5qKJSqq1p1AMCJ5/MCephqMUI178mLCbNwNBfuAqmWHVs2vCNyrtu+Rv30034xKBoSsUf26SmZOfqV14tg2iY0yy9u674h579Ez580fHeiCsDZtv7kvMu7LDPiDYqjuk9V8vG3/Edlx4Jj5QwB3Arl77GAzKhlzCbo/EPAx6TbOA0CT/V36/qr6PxJ545edlX75zxQiokYGF1ZUen771hc1nhLmqdvHyf0ThtWqGudqpoavf3w63wQTLAsXbGuJCIVWEyGC4TNTx8ttIweY8Dr+m/9jfg/eqpjxGhxe/+9vmWbK3789XQPTPvN7rMv6HMKQtR4ENtyFAvMA/um9mbJs8y7zewxo8BYmHrp5hHRuk2LuJYyJj+M0TP3sqbulV8dU5zsq+84f35Bdhxx31Hj+0TvMaFbc43e3c/oS7KM1xQpCXfml8opKGZo+X/3x18wAjpemzTT933CPZEdTaNXbiDt1YJAIppTBqGYM/Pjtcw9XDDDB+fDXj+aZOfRwPDDR8w8fvs0cQ1f/89rHFbd2A5wCnprDEdp++9xD+vkoefQXf60IengvjiW2GYEW+4fjjXWN7NPVvAfenrPUVBnx/bTRfX3lh0+akOsJRjT/4d0ZFds1cUhv+a9Hbjc/E9UU/2wgokYNIQhVqhe/fp80T4z3eBF3hQoYpgXBwIQHJg6vc/gDK+QAAkipBkGEQUcgRDAINRW8e8cPk0lD+1YEHNcRptb7PT1KEex0uWhefFJDK+bPQ6ULH0fFDw+EHVTccDszhDZUrbBvrvuHqVQ8Ld964PVKo17dPu/O9b3WMXB9P7bJWnaZhiR/P39TqcNAkN988yET/sBPf29BQHTdJveHCYku63Csr/JzNJtGOZtxt+w9bG7Phu/F1ZXPPX8H+C7xGiqNGJyCiiLOMYQ+BFC8B/uFgHnriP4ypEcn5xIdsK3W1pl/L2+qR5ffXfn4EtUUK4BEZBvHz1+Uf6/YIFt3HZSC0+mOq7qLNi2SzLQgI3p3kXYpTb2Gm5pAk+AmXWeZ2/qwdDSroorUOjlRWjatfK9dNB2acOdDpAZI3AfXqt6hUoRmZwSbi1m5prKGkIkqGAKgVe3CvXs37zlktq86cHs0DIjBXHj5aAIODpYhPTua25p5gkrVmYuZZj8RfBI0dKL5FU3W7lATDQkJkmYJcdKxVbOKgAZoWsWUML7uL4z1YGqZZhr00X8PISxaQzGanxHQXFnbBt3apJjKpmugwi0Aq3Nc0DSM0dgI3winR06fk7QDx0zfQhwjNAMnO/epW7uWV4S2PUdOmiopzg1UVMf0715lhRP7s2n3ITl21tEEjP6AmB6IqDYYAInINkr0IvtRRoasvpAhZQWFUl7sGHk7MSxCekRGmtDRRMMMmmIbA1SxUIHC5MKmSdJL0ynVH+TU4pISE7BxzEOCA+vtjwmi+sIASES2gQD4SW6OrC+qPP3JY5HR0js01KVxjYioceOfg0RETH5EZDMMgEREREQ2wwBIREREZDMMgEREREQ2wwBIREREZDMMgEREREQ2wwBIREREZDMMgEREREQ2wwBIREREZDMMgEREREQ2wwBIRHSdyszJk6Ub0yS/sMj5G3soLSuTf372peTmV75l367DJ2TbviPOZ/XnowWr5OS5i85n5G7L3sPy1dqtzmf176u122T7/qPOZ5fNWblJzl7Mcj6rvaqWb3cMgEREDWz2io1y5mKm85nDpt2HZPOeQ85nnuUVFMqOg8ekqLjE+Rt7KCsrl3mrt0pBUbHzNw7Hz6TL4VPnnM/qz6qte+RCdo7zGbk7dPKsbNlz2Pms/iFgHjl95fe6cfdB80dQXVW1fLtjACQiamDz12yVcxcqVzJwUdrqo5p1CY9L+P/XN4Sy+g5m5eXluu/OJ0543hDHo9ws2PnEBb6jopKGD98rt+6WvUdPOZ9df3DMzTFqII7v+srll5fjd3Vfb1XLtzsGQCIiqpOzFzLlVHqG81njgcrX1ai+rtiyW/YcOeF8RnR1BLzwwvMvOn8mImrUyvWxq7hYTpaVOn7h1DskRJIDA8XP+by+zV21Wfp1aSdNE2KdvxHZvOew+Pn5SZ9ObUxlC83By7fuksycfEmKi5HAwADJziuQ3YdPSK8OqbLjwDHTJLp57yFJO3hcmjWJM33kFqzbJumZOdIiKV78dXmwU19fsilNjp5Ol4SYSAkPDTG/x7JWbtsthUUl0jQ+1qzfFfrebdt/VFZv3yv5BYUSFREmR06dl7ioCPH395MzGvQWb9whp9MzpXligr73iESGh5nPhQQHSXRkWEUla/3OAxpqTkqT2GgJCwk2v8N2frl2m+zT90SFh0p0RLj5PZw6nyFLN+80fb6wzV8sWSe3jxooEWGObYcDx8+YdXVpk2Kebz9wVJZt3qXLzZYU3Z6SsnI9Tkd12WESHBRo3nP09Hk5rdudEBMlB06c0bC1R3J13xL1GK9L2y/JCXHy5ZqtV3w/kJGTKy0S42W/rhefOZ+RJWu275Pg4ECJiQw3FdxQ3W9r/46cOifZ+QXmtYMnz8iSjWly7Ey6WW6Ibk9Zebnpi4aKH/p14tihmXNt2j4pKik130dSfIypfOF7wrpQvcK2B/j7m/MBldaDJ86a7zghNkoWrt8uJ89fkNjIiIrtcIX3ox/piXMXzfd46NRZc3xOnLugx/yinNPjvWbHPrPuJro8QLUP39+6HfvNeXgq/aJkZOfJiD5dzOuuarN87PuqbXtMhRXnGI5JYly0dE5tYV63LN20U1omNzHn0W4NyHiPtY8493F8D+p3imOGZQTptkaEhVZ7+XbHAEhEtnEtA2CAf4Bk5uaZQILHtn2HJVYvmD07tJZ/fPalGYgQFhwsy7fsMiFqUPf2kldQVBEA3527zBkozsv+Y6c1+G2XjXsOygUNVQiBCAidWjfXdW2Rf09fIHrFlcMnz5rl9eqYKifOXpTfvv25CTSfLVojhcUl0r1dK+cWOsxbvUXemr3EhI6lG3fKBg0BGdm50r19aw1RGfKTv0+TrNx8U61C8EAoxTJWaVhBtaxDq+Yybd5yXf5aE3wQABBWurdrKReycuSn+vnsvHyzLOxP6+ZNJUWDK/pD/vwfH0hePvb3uGzTEIcwNXXM4CoD4PtfrpQ3Zi6S4MAgWa4hEPs5ok9XmbFsveRrUG6ryy7VQDht/nITTjHI4/fvTDe/QwDbc+SUCRjjBvQw++IpAP75/f/P3lkAVnWeffwh7m4kgUCA4BDcneLQUqGu27qu67pu3bp2nXTbN9/adXVZnZaWIsXdXRIsRpQIEULcje/5P/eecBMSCBAseX797seVc9/znvec7Pzu87yySt7H+dt1JJZW7Tws9V++7QCN6B8mooxzFBrkL9v/77vNImuRfG5f/WKFpB0xcAXnZ/SAnpTC5/1Tbl8flpHvdh6ixLRMKmapg+BUsQBC4NEer/F+93LZtnxNYt/4rHeXYDmGf3G5EBtcBwdjEuSz5PQcafeZYwaTjbW11AWg7f/6yTKRJbTncm6bDBYznLO9x+Po2017KSImmYpZWr9ct5PbtRN5ubnQf79eIwLegaV/M7dNZm6+iNf4wX3MJZu4kvLt+Jj+8vES2hcVTzU1taby+XroGRJ0gaDheoSI4jpKzz4r1yTOMYT/V298IbKJ6DPOH4SvS0dfkeqWlt/eUQFUFKXdcCMFMCe/SCJniKjhgRt4CN+wIBCHYxLpzz96gKaOGCA32U0sdyX8PqJ6hgDuZiFAFO4PP7yPbuPtPl+9nSYN6UvP3DtLIi8iJf160Dcb99CjcybS3LFDaSRLCvaVlJFDuSxgiCA+MnsSjewXRm4uThIFNChgsXvrm3X0q0fvoDsmjqBZLBOITnVgsQzv2YX++MFimj4ynH6yYKb8i9TogRPxNGloP4kCVbOI9GXRW8c3bRzDT++fTeFhXUWSunXqKPI1uFco/eju6TQ2vDeLjrdIS9/QTvTe0g1077Qx9MO7ptHkYQO4vlkUlZRGdzYjgKUVlfQFC+Q/f/oozRw9iKZxfQ6zDEM6IWxrub3RFoiY7Tt+UuoBmfvFQ7fTAzPGyfYHWBBy8gtpxqhBzQrg6t2HaezAXhJxxejjf//sUbp9wjBKSs+iDBZqSN2h6ETqExosgxVW7jhEg/gYv1q3i566azoL7Agax8eawKK3IyKG3JwdRcznjR9G41lksL/ZY4eI8I/s34PrNp7W7o2kahaX3/9ggbRjeM+u3E47KTTYXyR/F4vO75+8l+6cOJIleCfde9sYmj4qnDoH+Ei0FZFGgw+WbWTBHUBPzJtMU4YPIDtbWzrCcjqe64RzFpOcQb/7wT00d/xQPp81Ej2trTtHR1kw//z0A1IuItSbDx5nsXKgCYP7mks2cbnlI2J7hv8O8APjlR/cK9cOfpBAxHtzG0JyLVm1y9T+P+ZrbtrIgfIDKJC3x3FDun/3/XtoKu/Xlo8Zkj2Gt4V8t7T89o72AVQURbkOPD53Er3y5IL6x5iBpnTaqcwckRV3V1M6FJIwflBvOsxi0ZjhLG6IxDjww9PdWaIaACKHyBzSlIgyQnoWrtspMoj3ss7m0wQuE0L5/rINtHLnIRlpa0ksiyaiP91Z1oAVy8accUPgKxJlRNQSsmKkjeeOG9oghWvg6eoigglZsbezkbQc0oCIRpax1H7JcgShiTuVKalCpOdwPIZc2Fhb0ewxQ8nWIpLVGHxnZP+eFOjjKa+xn7smj5KI5MCwEImsQh7wGpKN6CPSpUP7dJPtUaf7po2V5y1ldHgvCjALYiC3I9oZMoJIKtLWX23YJWJbUFQqxw5hxHF+zecA4xgQherfI0Sigh8u3yQSg+id5diEGv5hgkgXpMbOzlbeg9ghsnuEpQz07hLEbexENjZWdBcL5to9EfTOt+slOoi2swRRX0RfcS7BQN5/gIX09+jcUUQcIHqG6GYqn+cRfP6M6xFdDSDHOKbGXG75OA9IDU8dMbD++BBd7hzgyz++Lvz55eroINFenC/gx2VD2jEa/D7+wWB0ecAPIV+W3+oabr/LKL+9owKoKIpyA4EE4eZtGvFoArJl9JeyRCJIZhrc0OTpOblR4nuQqdljB8sD0aYFU0eTB8vdQ7Mm0MOzJoq4/eerVRJpMvDmGygkEpJmkMYyAnlBPyprlguk9wwQ0WxqfkInB7sGaUhUDfXGDblf98719YLk3M8SBrkpKSunopJy0xeY9Ozci446hahCKC23iUs9TZ5uzmRva0v3TB0lAoioEKTEz9ON8gpLJNpqgJT15YB+iQaQYIgc+jF28veWyBT6EyJihkiZra21RGmNY50xZhA9s2Cm1PvBGeP4HEygXizvSIPnWUw/g24CTiw9OP+IYgH0DUTfS6SNAfpzWnP7oj8hzvMT86bQbSMH0vq9kRJttcTB3lYiuwaIABdbzK2IvooGiC6jNZ0c7Vlo8+uvR/yblVvQ5Pm43PKt+YEfMLiOzpmPr6S0XK67pkb74jiRvjeA7+H7iPglZ5wfdZ5XVCLRXlx3l1N+e0cFUFEU5QaCNC3m+vts9TaJXiCVi/5LC24bY96i5SAFiD5QSNnhfgexRJ8z3Po+XbmV3l+6QfqYoS8UUpZGBAV0C/YXUVuyZR+dZVnafyKBPuU6weBwU53LIvnmN+ukHxv6IP7xw2+aljSUeb5YATdxpF6/3bxPRA/7fn3RKjnusM6BEqX7yydL6NTpM9JnDv0QLeW0MZArDNB4e/E6ltRcWr0rgj7nut49ZZR8jvRgeFgXmcIFUdI+oZ0lavf6otXSZwyyhvTl5WBEPi3Be0gvo//hSERxWXjQ39KZJe2LtTuourqWEtOy6I1Fa0ROVuw4KP3aAnw8aGjvbiLQSLkaQJJGcTkrdh6UVDr6vuG6qKyqorHmiLEB2vDn//lEUuI4VkhReUXDeRORokZ/T0QVcW29++166Y9ncOERkdQLfTLRBxBitWzbfumv2tQ0KpdbPiKFg3t15TIPSCob19kX63bIIJbmaNzsSHGj3ybOJaKsSPu/9uVKquA2QvtdbvntGe0DqChKu+FG9QE8kZAq6T8MEDDAjQuigPQaJAJp25V840eHevQf6xroJ/3skPKCxCA117Wjv6RxwYmkNBoQFiLShwmjUR76SSFFeJIFbcnWfdJ3DX3WIAjogI9+aFhdIYrF67G5k6lrkJ+UBSAzfUI70RaWR9z0sb+7Jo+UVOegsFARg5yCQvp6/W6K5Bsv+p5ZdbCi/t06UyHLiL2dnaT8TrMIIKqH0ZhIM6NeYfw+0ty4QS/etEdGhQ7uGUqPzJogkcVB/BwDDRazTETzcd0/faxMnD1lWD+RTwO0BaKcYVw+ol8YIACpwqCAZ+6dKXUB6G+2aOMumjN2KPXk9oDojhnYU9Ko37LgpnEdf3zPDBasfOk3FpeSccH5AWi/Ib26SYrXMj0OMUN7oW+mRCNP59A9U0eLQEP0hvftIWK6fPt+SkjLpnunj5HjRQoZYoeVKTZxO8+fOEIilBidjFRrl45+LIee1MnfR7ZZu/cIuTja8/Uwg7zcXSSCiVHiEHhEjqtYMBdv3CNlQqLRbpbR1878HuqGAUaIDo4d1Fv6HeJ6yudzhggb+mACREgLWc4Rme0eHEDreP+YwByjqfEjBQOU0B/Qkisp/44JIyRKih86WF0E+wry85b64/gtOZl6mo81WFL6AIM+OgX4ShcJG/57/Yb3i2tp6vCB5MR/w727BvF12r3F5bd3OhQV5jbxE05RFKXtUX3uHC0uKaYDlQ2XGHvU1Y0l0OGaCWBLQTQHfa2aijZdLkgRImpjKQR4DxKB1B1GY1qCflWHY5Nk8Acie5jeBCMrMfAC0TujHxZSkuifB5m7ElAHhCQhfo1B1A/H3rgv28XAqF6kFi3b7LvtiLRF0Gs/f7yBQKI9sA9MbWIZ/bxakGKE/DU+b2hH7NOy/xxGpmIQC/o9Wg7YaAr0acNI4OZA2aY0fIcGg2Uag2l/IHKXe86Q0nVg8btUU11J+WibKhZ1XItXCs492sC4Ni1pjfLbOpoCVhRFuUmArLWG/AFIh6X8Abwn/fGakAoPN+f66TQgR0jzQqQsO+EDSMuVyh9AHZqSP4D9XI78AWxv2WaQMfT9u3vK6AbyB7CdiEortbEBUr9NnTfsx1L+AOQT219K/sDF5A9gn4i0Xkz+ACToSs4Z2q8lTXUl5aNtrlbOcO6bkj/QGuW3dVQAFUVRFEkpPnXnNBmYcM+L/6Jf/OdTSWVi6pZbiYi4ZJGu0QPCzO8oitIUmgJWFKXdcLOngG8GMDUJpuvwcndtUZTqZgN9zWrqamVakNaKpipKW0QjgIqiKEo9SJFiQMKtKH8AgyWwlJ7Kn6JcHBVARVEURVGUdoYKoKIoiqIoSjtDBVBRFEVRFKWdoQKoKIrSRolKTJN1eBUTmDD7RGKqTLB9MDpBVq9QlPaKCqCiKEobBXP6YSWOmwEsS4fJmbG8mEF+USl9tX4XfbpqGyWdPr+2KygqLZMVJr5Ys0OWGjvXCvNVYI7AXUdiZIJjrJ6BlSYUpb2iAqgoinITAUnBChCtAaZ0kZU3bjBYEu6fny+nL9ftkrV4AYTuP1+tpANR8RQRm0QvvP4ZZZzJk8/KKqroN28voh0R0XQoOoH+9L9vZe3bK+VMQZGssiKrQ3CbYPUIrGiClSRQN0wdg/euFqwygrVwr8fcaknp2ZSckW1+pSiXjwqgoijKTQKk5JtNe2Qt39aIeN0MQLwWrttJfl7ush6rcVzfbt7L/78D/fWZh+g/zz9Ot40YSG98vUYk6qMVm3l7N/rvL75H//jpI9Qt2F8W/L9SSfvf8s104ES8+VVDEtIy6f1lG6mK93u1YI1gHFdZOZZnu7ZsOXSCth6OMr9SlMvH+qWXXnjF/FxRFKVNg1hYdFUVZdQ2jLCF29tTgI3NNZsIGqlGLL8GscM+sHwX+p9FJ6WzeNRQBysrieZAkrBMWKCvl6zFe/LUaVkAH8tsufB3MLddRVU1xaWcppjkdOnL5unqUr8MF1Kbx+JTKDuvkNycnehIXDIF+XlRsJ+3fG5JYnoW7z9N1gbGPq24DnGnMuR7xlJtWB8YoC5ZZwvoeEIqnckvksX5sQQX9p+VW0AFJWVSnwBvDynHkn0sXkfjk+mpu6aLhPXr1ol8Pd3p31+soAdnjqOQAF85rl4hgfTNxr2yeP/aPZH04wUzydPNWeriznX6cv1OWfTfctmz3IJiyi8qYfHKp9iUDNPSaeyIqGd6Tp7MCYh6or5dg/xFLlHPgT260N7jJ0VI+4Z2In8vD36Y5g7E8R1POEVpOblkb2sr5wok8fmBzCKVnZyZQ44O9hcsNYf9+3i6kY+HK6WczrlgeyxPhiinMz/HaiWIPqZmnSF7bl/U81TmGYric1JUWk7e7q5yXhGxjOXzgqX5UD+0byJL6+HYRDl3gXx+sYqLVQcriklJl2sN+8UxY3tIKa4x1CevqFTqcIyPL7egiOtvL+dWaZ+oACqK0m64UQL42sJVdCIplbZFRIkkxbHYvfPtellxY39UAstLOm3Yd5SmjQynpVv3yc3/6MkUWrJln6Rwl2zeJwLj5OAg/eW2H46iorJy2s7lIWoYyp9h9Yt/fr6CBTCVb/ZnaOP+I1TBQhjGYmUpgHV156Tf3dcb9lBJeQXtOhIrfewG9AihL9Zsl337ssQg2PbaV6tEzI5wXd5evE6k4Wj8KUnbDuoZKv30Plu9TdbePXoymcYN7tNAKJC2XbZtP80ZO1RkaxvXu1+3znIc+N4Tt0+plyg7lq1th0+QG8sopGXe+GEiRcDZyYEWcxsM69tN2s9gPwvlRyu2UkJ6pkgv+hhGs+AlpGVJnSFDw/v0oI9XbiUXliSIbmMBxNq8y7bupxH9e4j8vb5ojch5anYuredzgm18PNzog+Wb6FB0Ep+veJbBLFqzO4LGDeotkmgAScYx9goJok9Wbb1g+/CeXWj5toMivViTOa+omM/3fureqaN871P+DmR6Z2Q0RXL9h/Xpxt+LpF1HY0TwVnMZ5/h6gCTix0MRbwsh7uTvI1HT9XuP8PdLaR3+LS6Tc7pixyG5tnZExvB5zpXvIuWNY8R2Q3qFqgS2UzQFrCiKco3BTRlC8dcfPyQy9i3LzPfvmEovPHIH/fyBuRIlglwhfFVcViGRqo0HjtGAsBB6eNYEun/6WOlXhihQZm4+PffAHHpmwUz6yb2zRQ4gTN9s3EOVldX04mPz6ZeP3E5zWaAQEWpMRFwS7WP5wXY/vW82Pf/QPJbGU7SDZbJH544SBUSq9UTiKRE8WPGiDbvo3mljpL6/fnw+l3KOPmQhgpzGp2XSA9PH0T+fe5RcWWosORqfQl5urlIuolEAx4FIJf41omsGWH6urKJShMTYHiBi5sYSWMHHZ0k5v647VydtiWOBqCEi+ux9s+g337tLooLZeQVyHFXVDb9rUMNtjX6XEN4lW/bT4F5d6ecPzpXzMmfsEIlGlvA5QVQuNfsMt/1seunxO/mb52jP0ThTIWYQeSvlbdHXsKntEZmE1EL4IeKQVhsrKzl/n7CkPnnnbbLf3z+5gGUynxau3Smjlm8bEU53TxlFD88cL0L/2JxJNKR3NxrKj9v5PEPuImKT6Xffv4eeu38O/YLP6cqdhyiS3yutqKD0M2fpD0/eSwtuG8PHUk5zxg+lJ+ZNpqnDB9wUfUSVG4MKoKIoynVg+shwcnKwo+TTOdSzS5BEg7DsGtKFs8cMJhtrU7TLYNKQfrT7SCwtXLeDnFiUOvv7iJRBjiLjkmkTCyJSlRAIlLn10Am6Y+JwiSxhGbexA3tRn9BO5tLOg7QyInVBvl6yf0TUbhsxQCQCUb20nLOSKoSkTh8VLtFEROkgSdgntgvw8qRD0YkiioiQdQn0lW2QXjRANO3bTXupf/fOEqnCdDSVLGGICiKdbcvHi0iUAQSskEUZqVgMAqllmTJApBIShpSuJdjboLBQSeHiWLp16khdg/wkJYqHl6uzpEkBhPNSIJI4ol8PORaUhwga0rQiwsyoAT1lX4j69QwJ4mO8cIody/003j6vsJiG9ukmUV+kZfcei6O+3TqLGOI84IcA2hhiGdY5kOJST1PvrsH0JV8Dn6/ZTuVV1RTo4yl1QwrZytpKIpgHok7SgmmjyZuvJXzWJdCPZo8dLOl3gGsB1wWuNaSp//fdZlq1K0LOHd5X2icqgIqiKNeBTuY0LPq0VVRU0jmLwEsJS8q5RooygSUN0TkIxMK1JgFAmhRAUBA9Q/pv9IBeIj2QDER7DBDZaRwxA4hAFZdipOr5/RWy4EAsfVkQrDtYiUxC2MaF92ExtZJ+aOf36SD9CtF/D1Es6Q/I0mEJImFIbeJYkab+dPU2eaRl50raEUIFudp3/HwEDdHK4tIKFsYQ6RMXGZdi/oREhJEaRqrTEkQJPVyd6lPF5q6Q9XTgYzGUrNFHTQKpQlTRAMdRW1db368RcmqAbZuSSsv9NLU9jg+p+d1HYqRPKAQZwo6oqJODfX0bQ87mjBtCM0aH04/unkGdA3xoA7fdqp2H5XxYgnOfbyHTAH0jHexM5wVyibZChPYH86fSrNGDRGzf/HqNpMyV9okKoKIoynXASGmiDxymJfli7XbpA4gpUNB3DTdkS/7x2XeS8p0xKpz6hgZLfzakJyFPGFDSt1sniZRlns0nbzdXSREu3rRXpCInv5A+WLZRBhg0Zlif7hJBXL71gPRZ23zguPQDnD9pBDmw5IWFdKQVOw7QrDGDJWIJYUGUKCYlQ0bjOvE2mF8Q/dYgeDiqxnIF2UE08sVH59MjsyZI6hKPYD8fmjZiAHm6uUhae/PB4zIgAWW/sWgNjRvUR6Rp9tgh9MnKLdKPD+lp9CPE8V1NX7WmZK0xY8N709It+2TABwaRoK8kBuSgvqDxAJemsNxPU9vjGKYM608ffrdZBsS4s0BPHtZP2jAj5yz14HZFWnrzgWMsbp702aptInz4DvocIm0MMbVk7rihtHLXYdq0/6h0EcB1cDA6USK4wLj2svgzHBP6k97J5xvHZRmFVdoXKoCKoijXES++6T6zYBYdjkmkR195k95buoEmDO4rqTxLIGAYSPDEH9+StCAECqk9DBT5iOXocf4uBowgAuji5ECThvalkf3D6Ff//Zye/L93WRLqaHjfHubSzoPI0o/umi4DUn7wf++IEKA/WFjnjvL54F6hIh6ThvaX1xg48dwDc6mgqIR+8o8P6V9ffCflYuBJc0A4IHIBPp4NHpAf9PNDxK5nSKAM9Pjbx0vpt+98xUIZQPdNGyPfHRfei+ZNGMYSvJz+76Nv5bhmjB5kLv088CtLycJACTwMrG34uVl+GktqU9w2fIAMFvnF65/S0397X0QMcoUIXUtpyX5GD+wlUU6cS2yPUdF/+OF9IuY/+ut7cn5vnzBchBvt/NePl9CP//4Bvb90I43itsDoXUv69wih5/kcfcnn8od/eVcGkfzmibupI8urJe4uzlTOPxp+9u+P6Yk/vSXp+P78g0Rpn3QoKsxtyQ8jRVGUW57qc+docUkxHag8nyoFj7q6Ubi9Q4tu3q0JJg1GarVx/z8DpHDzS0rJm6URfbsswbJmSBka0R0DDKJAeY23bwpM44L0rWXfPYC+aB19PS94H1FKDLqQ6VZaCYxiRsQQqebGII2NfbbkWFoTRNwwBUtz56U1QN9K9J1sjJwTFmRLsUX/x3yWNfThw/XSHBh8AmnF+Wl06upB2j63sEi6IGCuxcbXj9J+UAFUFKXdcLMJoKIoyo3iwp9ciqIoiqIoSptGBVBRFEVRFKWdoQKoKEq7o66ymqoLiqkyt4Aqss7Smew8mYwX881d6XqziqIotxLaB1BRlHZDSWUVvb0vkvZHJ1BlTj7VYNWGikpydbQnZ3s7GXE5rG8PGjOwJ3m4OJu/pSiK0vZQAVQUpV2AiXb/8tESOpKQSuXlDQeBWIJJeLsHB9CPF8y46FQniqIotzIqgIqitHnyikpk7rPTufktSvFiagyscPGf5x+XJdMURVHaGtoHUFGUNg3mT/vXZ9+1WP4AtsNSWn/8YLGsaasoitLWUAFUFKXNgomE1+2JpKMJp65ocMepzDO08cBRqq5puPaqoijKrY4KoKIobZbCkjLafyJeVle4ErDm6t5jJymvqNT8jqIoSttABVBRlDYLBDD5dI751ZURl5JBZwuLza8URVHaBiqAiqK0WRD5w5q5VwPWVy0qLdP5ARVFaVOoACqK0mapqKoyP7s6ysorSfVPUZS2hAqgoijKJbCxtjY/UxRFaRuoACqK0mZxcrA3P7s67O1sqIP5uaIoSltABVBRlDYLBNDP08386spwdrQnX093mRxaURSlraACqChKm8Xb3ZUG9OhyVfI2oEcIebq5mF8piqK0DVQAFUVpszja29HoAT3JzdnR/M7lgXWBJw/rT+4uTuZ3FEVR2gYqgIqitGnGhPeiUf3DyMrq8qOAg3t24e/2JCtN/yqK0sZQAVRuSmpq66iiqpqqa2pbPP0Glv3CvG/ynWs4ZwfKx35quY43GsxN1/TDvMFlgO9VVddQJT/q6lpWAJZIw3nCihk3K9ZWVvTMvbNoytB+EtFrCXY2NjSkVyg9dfcMcrCzNb+rKIrSduhQVJir01spNw1Ye/VAVLws3I+513DzDfDxpIE9QqhX1+ALIjGQlhT+TkRsEp0+k0dlFVUyZYe3uwt17xRAQ/t0r7+Bbz10gk6mnpbnLWHikH7UMyRQnkOIopLS6HjCKco6W0BVLD6OdnbUkes2ol8P6uTvUx9hQj228L6amoDYmuuGdGSXAF/q171zg1Gqn6/ZzvWvNL9qHid7e5ozbohI8reb90obNMaKpceZy+4W7E/hPbtedDQs9hkRl0xxyRmUV1wi5bk6cR0D/WhkvzDydHM2b2kCsoe2OBZ/irLzCqmGhdjBns+TtwcN4/buFhxg3pIor7CEDkYnUFp2rgg6zs24QX3I18ONlm7dd0lx9HB1obnjhnL97czvXDkQ9x1HYmjRzkOUkpxO5/h1Y9BuPTsH0pTh/Wj6qEGSQlYURWmLqAAqNw0b9h2lL9ftpDP5RVRZfX7tVjtbGxYBZxrP4vDE7ZMlOmOAdV4/XL5JhNFyvVdrayuRmPCeXeiHd04T4fjjB4tpR2S0eYtL88yCWXTHxGFUXFZBX7Cc7WR5yC8qlaiXAeoW5OtFD84cL/WDBB6KSaR/fvZdk8uHYTCCrY01uTg6yPeee2AOhXT0lc9uf/5vLI2XFkBXFshXf/YYlXC9fvbqx+Z3L8TG3AZjw3vTY3MnNdmPDWW8v3wj7TkaJ6tdGJE/1BPSCAF+ZsEM6szCCiBRy7btpxXbD1JuQXEDgUNbBPIxPTn/NhbBbnQiMY3+u2i1nM9SlkyIpS2fu5/eN4tCWRJR90ut0Rvs703/fPYR8r3KkbwGlSyhCzOzac/pbKo4fYaqWGBr+UdDTz4fYd6e1Ce0k5wPHw9XiRwqiqK0VfR/4ZSbAojZm9+spfScsw3kDyAtmcM36mVb99NXLIgGiD798/PvZK3XxiKB9GxBcSntjIwRWcHnLU1rGtSdq+Pv1NGKHQdp9a7DUgdL+QOoG/b/2sKVFHsqQ96D6OC/psBn+E5eUQmdSEqlN75eU193LDnWIszbXWp7RAjzuQ3W7I6gdXuPSASuMWj39XuOSFtZtg/qiQhmZFwyLeV2N8QUEdqvN+yWKGjj6B2OK4Xb4tNV2+TcpGTmSNuUcDkoz4SpZc6/vgS8WYu3bQGIIDu4OZNLl0DyHtWfOs4aQ8HzJ9Gd90ynB2eNF3H193JX+VMUpc2jEUDlhoNI2YtvfCGygMhTl0BfumPCCOrWKYCycvNpyea9FJeaKTLmxzfn/3vqfgrhbX77zld0ICpByvDzdKfZYwdT326dKbegiKXtEMUgzcfy4OPhRn9++gERLezDALK5eNMeee7l5kIPzBgv0TmhA9HQXt2opq6WXn77S0rPPitv9+jckRZMHS3pTsjOYq5balaufIZ08Ie/+REdSzglYor0J+aQmzd+mKSIAVKsOyOiKSEtS4QM+/3tD+6h/lzvuT//K5VXmJYue2jmeOro69Xk5MOODnY0uFeolPH8a5/Ie4hYPTxrotQfipVXUELbI6MokbfBH7inqzN9+NunG0QB4VWP//HN+mNDuviBGeMk8rd2dyTtOhorbe7u4kz//OnDFBrkT699uUpkGKDM+3n7roF+dDgmkVbuPFQvis/dP5sc7e3pq/U7yZ23S+Dzhygg6vfsvbMplPf1c647zgkimmhTTNnSGHw2tHe38+flKqnmg15cUkwHKhum5x91daNwewed7FlRlHaD9UsvvfCK+bmi3BD2HT9J2yOiZPABBOUn986iiUP6StoW/dAMwYBcIMqEPmbom/Xxyq0ShYKwPP/wPJo5epBIGEQFHfj3crnFZeXSxy2MxW1k/x6S0sRzPBy4jHV7IqUOEEtIS++uwfWfuzg50LH4FFq187BIFAYQ/OXHD1B4WFdJSUIGQ4MCJA2NgRBIp/buEiT9yPYci6PyyipJwUKqMBUJ6t2PRQ/HhDQxjgfCO6hnV+rS0ZdlaZf0pwNP3nkbjezXQ77T+BES4CtpcETZNuw7IttDSJ9ZMFOOrztv0797Zxo9sBftYNnEflA/9Dk0RBSgfu8v22h+RfS3Zx6WuiA1PZila+3uCBE0PIb17U7Bft707pIN0qbg6XtmiNyizSGkiGrGppiioHZ2tnTPlFF028iBNHZgb9p9LJYKS8oksjaiP/oVutB6rjsitRBJpPZRRuNj7eTv3arROMRAo6uqKKO2YSQ3nGU1gNtUBVBRlPaC5jmUGw76kkFQAAZIIBJlOXFvGEsNongAfdAQMTQGFQDIWEiAT4PvQOiQzoMYQdQs+w1eDmnZZ+tTrRhUYvSFMwj09RRhMsCAlEvhxlJoa15bFilJ43lrg+iil0VUzYguGmBABqZHGd63B00Y3JeC/c8fR1V1db2MAnvzQBqklA0gs5b0De1kfsbbsQza2tqI0FucFhOm5jyPWpeiKMp1RwVQueFUVFXVyxxGySIyZwkiQIjGGYJXUVkto32NrmEYfICoW2Oeumu6pD3/8/PHadLQfk1ucyksR/IiUtUYSJRlfZsa+WsJBHbr4SjKNQ8QcebjgkReCzJy8igpI9v8imXVp+F+7Gyt6Tffu5teeXIBvfjYHWRve366kyVb9tdLOSTajwUc7W/ZT9CmUXti4I1BrWzX2PTMNBI+lHkwOpH+8ME39P0/vS2DQ5Zu2SfRXkVRFOXaoAKo3HAsNQFucKmAkHkYgenFRUC/MUwBg+iVpZxcDg3r1nTNLN81pNSgoKSM/vLxEnr8D2/K4/6XX6PP12wz9X1zcqTbxw+VlHBjfvvuInrot683eCD92hy5hSWSEv9g+Sb6YNkm+seny+npv38g+0H9+ncPkZG3jYE844HRuQAytvtoLG3af1SkHPKN6CDWwm01GrURRgm/vXidDNhBBPV4Qiq9/e16rv/7LYqoKoqiKJePCqCiXEMwiAKCg1QyHhhta0iit4er9HtrCqRQMdLW8pGZm2/+9EKKWDQxJyBG6H69cTdtYIFDNBJRz/49QuiHd95Gdi0YSBGXepo+WrFF+vMBpL1njR0s8/y1Gk14NFLhnQN8pN+fkW5OOX1GppGBRCuKoiitiwqgolxDkFbFUmKzxw6Rx/jBfepTyZhS5Z1v10sfyMZgMAr65lk+MBl2c6CPowxw4QciiwbD+3anXz06Xwa1WPaRbAr0rfzPl6vqRzUj7f7jBTMvSB1fNSzAiDoa9UF0FvMo/uGH90k6+q7JI+sn70YbJaRlynNFURSl9VABVJRriJOjPd05ZYSM0MXjpcfm088fnCsDNDBFTXxaFkUnp5u3Pg9GAUOGLB/zJgw3f3ohgX5e9NdnHqJXn3uUZoweVN/fEZE8DKy5VP/H4tIKeuW9rykpI0vqBQH77ffukVHNlxLHy4aLw2TLi//2PK187SVa/q9fiQBixC9GFGMEOEYJA/T1RARVURRFaV1UAJUbDmTDmOoDkxdXVjXs/I80qiyRZs6dYgoYTMlieAkGC2Cbxry7dAM9/Lv/0g//8i6t3RNZP9DkcnBhgTMoLL0wFYkyjcESAFEzS1BFGytr6Y9oetjIFCuG4GAqljP5hfLcEowMNvrnGQ+s7NEcWIXOnrfBgBRMOYN5AUHmmXw6cjLlgr6JlmDexL98soRiT52W7bzcXehXLKqDenW9QP6M5e5ATaP2tFwb2Vq2a/jdengf6GtYVFouU8MU87+WHQMRwTTm/cN5rdbBIIqiKK2OCqByw/H3dGcJNI2kLSwppfi0zAbjBOJYTLAKB96DQGFKGMybZwhR9tkCmRTZcmUMjIDFhMvoN5eYni2C2dwgjosREuBXv/7wSa4HUpKWYN3f9BxTyhRgDsJLgcmtIX4GiLhZHu/V0rtrEIWHdRFZKykvp12RMc2OTsa0LhhwERmbLPXAtC1P3Tld1gBuvO4yQOTS4ERiqvmZiSiL15h+xsIVG8LvF7NM/+H9b+jlt76UAS8mSTW1AkYuY05FABHESGlFURSldVEBVG44WL3D083ULw7r7mI06+YDx6QvGkakvrd0Q30/OQ9XJxmY4O/tQQO6m/rEIQKHEbJYRxhLl2FN4b9/toxyzKlDzAmI71hGr1oKUpVISwIsafbvL1ZwneJYUnJo66ET9PpXq6mg2BQZxHyEA1m8LEHdMCn06l0R8sAgDaymAaEFiH5CaBvXDJNjr+fjwLE0fmBNYqyq0RyYmuaOCcOlXyCcChNiY9WTpvjou820l+tnLOuG40W0FcdmuU9M8AzB7t/j/Nx/n6/eJqOFId+LNuyizQePmz8hOTfNpp25Tm7OTrKiyamsMyzoWdIXcv3eo7TrSCyXtZsK+IcAwHaY+FpRFEVpXXQpOOWGgwtwza7DshYw5slD2hHRPUTtIB14z4gOzR03VFYKgcxlnMmjp//6fr0M4TuQDmyLVDL+RRTr7imj6JE5E+sHFhicSEqj5/71kTyH+Lz9qx/Uj0A1gBh9vGKLzIuH56gbolL4F2lMY21g1PWVJ++lUQPC6GB0Qv1ScAD1MlKpOAykjY3jwbJ3f//Jw7IMmuVScJA481cuACnSfzz7MBWWltcvBRca5Edv/PL79fVH+b9/72uRT3D7hGH0o7umk405tWow+7m/yFQxBjiOpkR57KDe9MLDt0s09sU3FsrcjQBtgTZH+teQyE4BPvTHH94nffoARjT/4vXPJHqK7Z+9b7as2hKfmkk//scH0o7YI+qGdrI835OH9qMXH7uzyTpdCboUnKIoigmNACo3HNx0MUIWEzcH+HiIMEECED1D/z5ICQQJ0oDpTAwZwAocmMgYaVfIHaQP2+O72MbD1ZkmskDcNeX8qFJLLFOcTaU7AURswW1jZGAF+tWhXOwD0gT5w+eoB5aRG96vu3wHEmOZbka9UCc8IH+QIKRSsZIGRugaa+BadTj/5wiZMr5zwYM/gx5Z1rmDxXcB6vDwrAn1QogoXlZegTy3xBAtA9SvqX3W1Zq2C+scSPdOG13fFvgMbYH64jxhubgn5k5usDqKtEd9Xc+3DFZoeeGROySaa2U+52hbbItU9HiWzme5XVtL/hRFUZTzaARQualAlOho/Cnpu1dSVk6ODvbUkQUB05v07hJ8gQxAYLBtTHIGZZ7FdypEsJBWReqwT2iwDKBoCgxA2Lj/qMiUNwvZhCF9RWKaAoKD6Bf6AWJ/ldXVsgYx0sMDe3ShYIs1azFq9UBUPJVZ9PMzsGa5kdU/fLyoR6eABquIYM3hcnNk7WI4stSNH9xXZA2pcqk/S+SEwX0uqP+m/cco35xOlbV2G/VR/G77QaoyRzEvBvpcYn1lRPsgakgJx6eeptPcFpA2oy0gtYhGnhc+rH5SQ9sOR0taF6uHoB6IuAIcQ2JaFsVweRgMgxVEvN1dROpRVnPn7krRCKCiKIoJFUDlpgNSV8WSgbVoMUccJKC5CJ0lkAl8B5JoY4155swftCKoWyULD0anSt1szs9n196QtqiqFmlD1LZx+vxywP8IYbQv/pW08jVqUxVARVEUE02HOxTlBgKhwpQmzo72krptqQwg+gUJwUjha+VkqBvqhIgXJnlur/IHpC1kSh5ui6uQP4BWhOjjvF8r+VMURVHOowKoKIqiKIrSzlABVBRFURRFaWeoACqKoiiKorQzVAAVRVEURVHaGSqAiqIoiqIo7QwVQEVRFEVRlHaGCqCiKIqiKEo7QwVQURRFURSlnaECqCiKoiiK0s5QAVQURVEURWlnqAAqiqIoiqK0M1QAFUVRFEVR2hntQgBLyyuoqLSMzp0zv3EDKCgupeKycqqprZXntXV15k8US5prH6P9lFsDPV+Koig3N21KALPzCmj30dgGj0MxibTl4Alav/cIS0Wtecvrz9Kt+6UeuQVFtGzbfiopqzB/oljSXPsY7afcGuj5UhRFublpUwKYV1RCR+NP0cb9R+mbjXsoMi6ZYpLTKa+4hErKb6xwFZeWU2lFBdXU1snzuhZGAGNTMqisosr8qnU4lXmG8otKza8acrawxPzsxtBc+xjtd7NRXVPL56fS/OraUXfuHB2MTqCq6hp5nc/XdGtEkS2vr+LSCqqoqpbnV8vNer4URVEUE21KAHt2DqIf3DGFxoX3ppCOvvT4vMl037Sx5OXqYt7i1uOLtTskstlaQCTW7onkG386nWuUE886W0C/eftLSd8pLWNHZDQt33aAallcryXVNTX0t0+WUWEJujKco79+vJS2Hjxu/vTKsby+Xv96FX3Hx6IoiqK0fdqUAFpZdSBbGxuytrY2P7eWR4cOps8rq6rpbGGx9Am0lB9EcHLyC+UzRHQsgTAhemgZbUEUpq6u4fdRNsBnuQXFIlHYR3EZf7cFcoDyEcHEdyu5DERl8vl1Of9bWFLK71VLWeWV/D6XbUSCcCw5+UX1+7MEfbBwXJAGo77YztQnsvyCKKC/lzv94uF55O7iJK/RFme5PqgTBARgH6XllQ2OCcePbdF/D+UifYt/sX9ElPAcbWvUGeB4URekfNF2qJPRhhcD26A+JhEyv8ngPKG8nLxC2b9lW6Bu9W0r+zpff7QLvof6oa74HA98jvdxTPhu4/0ZjOwXRtNHDSJ81NT2OG8VfM4McNzYP+qLfWPbM3z+cF4NjDJQX3xXzjmfK9QL+8D18cy9s2gM/9ABcp1xG+Nco82xHa4b02e4RiplH6gTjgvnq5Qfja+v798+laaPHmT6Pu8T/zb991Il5ZmO11QejqcpUL7RtgYoC9dENp8rlGH8bTW+fpouUVEURWkNOhQV5ra5/53ddjiKjpxMpqfvmUF2LISrdh6iqKR0crC3FRmwZjm8c9JI6tzRl1Izz0ifM7yPG5O3uyvNnzSCvNxMUUPcuJZs3kvD+/Wg7p06SmoSKeaBPbpQRx9P+fxbfN63B/l4uNKiDbv5ZlxGNiyenf19JbqCfS3etId8vdxo/KA+tHTLPnp41gTyNO8DN9Hvth+gjDN55OxoTzYssJCxlIwc2nkkhvp160y3TxxOu/i5lZUVpWWdoftnjJOb/uYDx2VfuFn36BxId/J2VtZWtCsyRr5rZ2sjdUYZM1hUPl65VVKJvp5uFOjrSU/fPUPqAHAs/120mp69dzYLSDEt27qfRaFK2gVSOH/iCPJwc+L22EcTBvelID8vkZil3H59uwZz+9rRZ6u3Sdu5OjmxRFSSI793lsvCdva2tvSD+VOlvDW7Iyj2VAY52duTh6uzyMmwPt2oS6DfBe0DXv9qNdXU1ZKDnZ0cK6RmUM+uNHvsEH5dRev3HaXjCaekDmD8oN40tHd3PqYqidClZufKd9Ee+P7dU0ZRJ39viYYeiUuW71nxLwUfT1cKDfSnzgG+9M6S9TSgewilZuWKII3jc4dyLTmekCrnuGdIEL23dMMF26ONTySm0kxue3s7WzqZeppikjNobHgvWrf3CCWfzpZ2wb5nsHyF8TncsO8IpWWfJUcHO5GhLnydJvO1sGrXYZo6YgDdNnwA7Y+Kl2uuf/fOdCAqgbbzNY/rAMfnwOX58fUzZ9xQOsXXCqJ6uAY68D4C+JrFjyKco4TUzAbX19GTKXJNo4x4/qyAxRDSbsPXk/H3ks71WsLnp5rft+b3vfjvxY7Lm8Pnwc38wwGYzlcd2fD1ih8P+GH26JyJ5OrsSPuOn5T92vJ1juuiHx/DpKH9KCs3nz61uH4emjlOjqk1qeZrb3FJMR2obJieftTVjcLtHcj8W1FRFKXN0y5GAQPIQThL2wPTx5KbsxNtj4im2tpaueF09vfhm814enDGeLnhbTl4nGpYCIE93wxx89pzNE62L2JR2bj/GB2OTZKbKqIouCm68Y3tg2WbJGLzIJe1YOoYicgc5JszJORi5OYXiYhMGdafZo8ZQgHeHtS7SzDdwSLq5+VBU/iGDwlIzcylEywc908fJ/V7a/E6loDuXO9xdM/UUbQzMoqlIpJlN02kdjKXB5GaNWYwbWBp3XMsjqVgCHUL9pfIFYTOEhwfbvyI6Pzvuy0iog/yTRg3YkR43vxmjUSQ0limjIjVOf7vdE6eRJ4gZZCdvqGdWDbDKT3nLMtJPE0fGc7tPo7FJ03aYze3JaTrnimj+VjGkj8f7/4TJyUaeDH2HjtJg8K6yHfmjh8qgnqIZXb3sVj+LJbuYqnDeYRIfrFmBwv1Wf4hkCJCdie35b23jaEwlniINOofnZxOa1iq0Cb3TRtDYwb2orW7I1lYS+RzfBfn8L7pY0QmP1y+sUEkDOB6QAS2ue1dHBwo/lSmRG3BXj4HTg72IqVoA1xzqDN+XLy6cKUIGwR9ZP8wmssCF9a5I4UG+dO8CcNExCCS2DbldI4IGiK06/jaGcNCiesA1xCOK5k/R12/WLNdzvcDvI97po6mxPQsOnnqNPXqEnTB9ZXB5wvnIK+wWCS0N0v9A1ym5d/Log27WBI9uLxxfI2P5v0XyTmv5s8ac+BEvIgufqyc4e0wKOQMt8/aPRE0kX9A4LhxHiGE0XzNljS6fiCYiqIoyrWh3fwvbM+QQLmpBvp68Q0xwHyjK6G4lAyJXEASICyIgCSkZdUPGkHUZFCvrjKgRFKiLAeIXETEJPJNr05u2Ii2WFtZyajjR2ZPpGA/b4kufe/2KZKOvhTurk5yk32bhQ43wjEDelHnAB8RQQgoIouQBoQn+oYGy80bkSd3/o4jv4+6I0XYv1sI7eAbNcpAJBOCigEfSPf5841+M4st6urM3/F0dZbymwLtgEEGENkgbq8gPh5Eb04kplH22Ub9EdmHIIEGOI4hvbtRAEsC2m5gz65yQ0e0sHfXTiIm0SyCs8ea5AbtPX3kQK6LJ3/74vGXIb1CaeSAnvKdgT1CaDpLAqK9UYnp1DXQX9KJOF47W1vZfh8LyLH4U3LeER2FuAxjYYZAga2HTtCQPt0lAoYyh/QOpVG8rQEEav7E4XI+R/TrLm1cdJGpTZra3tbWWiJ/aXyOcD6OxKWIbEHy0E5IWeP8ISKLqFocyxnE+8t1OyiCf2SM5uPF+UZEGO3p68nnz5GvBQathR8gOKcoC8fQh6VtWN9uIotII2ewnE9lwQvkz3BNIfKJKLKrk+OF15cF3ToFSLQa59/4e0H9II/4YYH3g/kaR+TQiLo2ZkCPzjSYzxm2xd9fSmYO1yef/1asRRhT+FxBYrFvyDNSwY2vH0VRFOXa0G4EEFEm3PgAIgu4WSPShcgNbrSIQuCRlJEtA0gsow/dgzvKTRbCgGllZo4ZLDKIaAqiUgNYRnBzxx0ZaTsDpPWcLF43hwMLwitPLqBZY4fQtogo+vXbCymeJbRRsElAGg4g0ghJQ+TMqHthaZmk08orq+n0mTxJDeL9/cfjJe3XNdBPvnspqswpO0sfg+CiDJQN6s6Z+m1hW8spW1wcHer7EIJOLEPGjRzfRz8vRC9N7WR6vwP/15J2cnZykDYFKNOVX0PUkWJMTM+ub4v9/Ojk70NeLLmI6ELAjEPBcUB6QFl5JTmxvBj1w7+WIoT0JX4wyHOzyCNl2RxNbY9rLpwleB/XbcO+oyI2kD3IDkaoG+duP8sqzp0/Cx66LowN7y1y+/xrn4rENrVXvFdeVS3Hg32b6MCvbWW/uL5xHcu5NAMxRMr2UkBi0Vag/u+Fzz3aCOUbYBt0s2gKlGG0LVK5+BvB3xtSvYgEm449Xsrw4+PGlo2vH0VRFOXa0G4E0HIwiAH6Qw0M6yL9tx6ZPYHumjJSIlGINCFCYoDv3TV5JK3ccYiO880Y0Sf0r/poxRbp/4VUGSIz6Be4cM0OwlQqSAVihCX6tl0KpBBX7jhIo/v3pJefuEvkJe5UBt90zw+0MDBuqEj5oU9beFhXepjrjj5U6G83bWQ4DWbhQF8rpEIfnTOJxg/uQ74ebpJGbAmIFCFKuGj9LjrNN+vMM/n0+ert1L1TAHUN8mNJcqDYlNMiGEg3Iypk0LiNG/fhgnyEhQTS6l2HKSE9U6KTWw+fEPE2KU3z7DsWJyIF4UQEdMXOQzRleH8RJxdnB4l0PTZ3kkRs0ZcQffDQR273kRhJ00M+0HcOUTaA7yItjrQ3Bjocik6UvmkGkDijvVtCc9sP5vpghDWmJpo/aSQLjjOfm+4iVkiBIs2KNG9oUAD16NyRdkZGSzr6Tz+6X7aLS+X6NvFrAHtCZBAR28P8wwTHl5TBP0pYrKqqqyXqh36UWw4dlzbLyi2gZdsOSF/PS9HU3wuEuxNfG4gko/8p0ro4j/jh0RS2ZtG2BNcPIsqItD5x+2S+XgdKmYh0oj0uo7kVRVGUq6BNCiBuIoiAXOpegmjSo7OR2kylF99cSL995ysZ/NDRHMWxpAfLT6Cfl9yk3V2dRTIq+YaLdC1kCaOOMXgC4vfiG5/TK+9/I4NOENm4FO4saxjx+fLbC+nP/1si/br6hXamDuYITFMgjfnje2ZI/y/s7+1v1/EN30s60PcJDaZ544fRChbWX/73U/pg+SaJTCG60hKcWfAwWAMjMX//7iJ65YNvRPaevW+2SCYGQmw+eIye+/fHtHzrfvJlCWkx3OaThvSTwRF//3QZPf/aJzJ3Y0cW70vJ1lCWoY37jtLP+TtvfL1GBkMgvYtUJeT7Qz7O5//zKX23/aCIFCQGAuXMx/3HDxfTT//1kQgf0tEA8j+B5fhfX3xHP3v1E1q165AMLGlt0O4QnGAWne7BAXJ93j9trKRW0e/vxTe/ELHFDw9EKzE6FvV95b2v6USSqU9cU20DJcT1NX5QX1q4biefj4+kG4GXu4tpUAtfP4/MmiADhdBmf/rfYrk+WnodNAX6cqJfJ9oZfy84GJTZUgK8PCSFjHOE6ObrX62S/rMuLJcmpVUURVGuB21yFDAGKiBFaaS+kHZEAAVCAJB+wzYY7Yj3kUJEKhGpKKQAje0ag6gXBCiko4+8RooOUTYIhgGm6EBfNGyHsrD6COqBOkBJEeVA/yf0I7S8qSOljMEg6GMGOcJNGp9jNCm+D1lF2Uj1oQyAtBxSnIiiIQ2Im76RtsOgDfTZQlQI25sk1fQZjhfPjW0NEAWD1P3n+SeknxnqhGgRUneW7YKyTSnoUvJxd5V6SvSG/0PZkBjQuL74DDd5lIP2QDoZS/QhOol+hKgPHk21D1LNKB/nDlFV1AdpY+MY8D7qi/OItC7a3/g+3pcpUHgbpNvfYVlGXzhItFEejhFRX/nhwF/DvxgtjHIA/khwzPi+Zb3w/XN150zb87lqbnsINEZ59zD3PwQY/Y3vYD84HiNVjfoiTYrzimgZzgXOP86lUR6+Z2NlLW2LuldU1cgAC0SiNx04KtcS+qPic5xDRKXR79PeDtf8ufpopeX1hWsJP2QA/i6a/ns5x/WtodzCIvJwcZYpXjCgBVFoSxHE+cIVYUSAkfbHdYMykEbHtYCBQ0gnO/Hx4Twa7xvXz7VARwEriqKYaJMCqFw+uPmezs2j//vftyKAEI22wIfLN0tEDNPFIP2MVPPXG3fTY3Mmi2jf6mDEL6Y5guwhHYyR2P/7bjP1Ce0kI4INoWsNMP/fL1//lJ5ZMEsGdWBant1H4igxPVMGDBnyezOjAqgoimJCBVARkJJDag839odnTZQoWFsA8+lhRK2NtY0MPMGoW6wUg36RzUV6byUQWfx28z4Z/YzBJYg+IxJ377Qx12QwxZZDJ2hnZAz5sFRjAEplZTXdP2Os9GG8FVABVBRFMaECqAgQCKQYMQDFmGakLYCUJdKUmEOxuLyCQgJ8JfKHVGRbAan7jDP5Mo8fJBCTWCOdfS0kHql7DKiBWKPfXrCfF3l7uNWPzr7ZUQFUFEUxoQKotAsggrjQbxVRuRLQxw79+q7HEcq+8N8t1pwqgIqiKCYajgJQlDYKxKgtyx/A8V2vI5R93eLNeQ4DeDA4pbKaaqprJLqpKIrSXtAIoKIo7YYqlr7PklNpW3QCVZ0tMAlgVQ31cHSkAAd76R4wuGeozFfYeJS8oihKW0IFUFGUdsPqXRH0+eY9lJdXSHXVmJaoIegbimUTp40cIGsnGyu6KIqitDVUABVFaRd8vHIrfbNxt8yzeCkgflNHDKQf3zP9lpjeRlEU5XLRHIeiKG0aTHCNpQy/3tAy+QPoD7huT4TMI4kJvRVFUdoaKoCKorRpdh+NpWXb9l/RII+N+4/K8oEYRa4oitKWUAFUFKXNgjkSd0TGUHFZw2lfWgom2sbk11j2UFEUpS2hAqgoSpulqLSckjKyriqCF52UTkUlZeZXiqIobQMVQEVR2ixFpWWUkZNnfnVloAysJqNpYEVR2hIqgIqitFkqqqrNz66O4tJyWUlGURSlraACqChKm6W1onbVGECiBqgoShtCBVBRlDaLg23rzOHn6ux4yy99pyiKYokKoKIobRZ7e1tycrA3v7oybKytyNURAqgGqChK20EFUFGUNounqzP1DAk0v7oyunfqSD6eruZXiqIobQMVQEVR2ixuLk40tHc3srezNb9zeSD6N35QH/JxdzO/oyiK0jZQAVQUpc1i1aEDTRzajzoH+JjfuTx8Pd1pVP8wsmYRVBRFaUvo/6opitKm8fdyp5/dP4e6dPQVIWwpfvy9Z++bRZ2uUB7bO1h6D9PwtHQJvtq6Otkeazdfzeht7K+0vFKm7sE6zjp/o6I0TYeiwlz961AUpc2TeSaflmzdTxv2H6EyFoTmcHawp+H9e9C9U8dQ904B5nevLRCVrzbsEvlxsrenOeOGkKebC32xdocsZ4cBKPdNG0tuzo7mb5hIzzlLa3ZF0Dn+z83Zie6fPpYORMXTkbgUec/P051mjR1M9rYNU+CHY5MoIiaR6liOencNppH9wmTC6yVb9vOnl74ldAsOoElD+5G1VcMYAspLSs+S8tHeEDoHe1sK8vWigWFdKKzzhf0xM3Pzpc6pWbkiboi2eru7Uq+QIBrapxvZ2drIdhC7E4lp/Dgl2wFfTze6ffxw+U4dC+Te4/EUGZdEuQXFVF1TQ86ODtQ10I/GDeotddCBPIpyHhVARVHaDUUVlfRRVBztPHiCSpNPU43FGr8OdrY0on8YTR7Sj/r3CLlAtq4lZwqK6Ik/vEXlLIKYcubVnz0m4nLXC/+kwpIygrZ88NunJYppyb7jJ+k373wlzyGMi//2PL2/dCN9s2mPvOfh6kwvPTafhvTuJq8N/vfdZtmmtraOpo8Kpx/dPZ2SM3LoZ69+bN7i4ozkdvrd9++plzOD/Sxy7367nrLzCkVmDdAHEwNy7p4ykm6fMKJ+Sp207LP06sIVlJCWJcduALFE+48e2IuenD+VEMT7v/99SymZZ6iAz5kRVQwN8qfXf/EE2dpY09uL19OOyGhZtg8iaoA6BrL8/eTemTSwRxfzu4qiaApYUZR2g6O9Hfmy3AXfMYnCfno/9f71E9TzFw/TH/78U/rm77+gFx+9g0YN7Hld5Q+cqztXn6q0TFnW8fsA/7+pVKal6CACBhD5MyhkWdp2OIpKyivM75iQcs2bSbn8f5ZlXYqm6lJcVkH//HS5SJ2l/IHKqmrKOltAX2/YQ1FJqeZ3id5bukGiepbyB5AOzue6bzpwjLZHRFNBSSmdSEqjXBZly5Sy1IL/34rtB2nd3kiRw8bHgbqknM6hv3+6jMr4B4CiKCZUABVFaVcgDdjBxpqs7GzJ2sGebN1cyMnJQeTQ1sbmsvoJXl9aLmgG+AYEKjopvUlpaw4fD1f62QNz6YVH7mjy8eCM8WTDbWjJovW7WNTK5Lm7ixN97/Yp9NrPH6cn5k2W6B/ILSymg9GJVF1TSycS0iSCiXohSjdj9CD6x7MP0y8fuZ26BvnJeYI4bo+IErlECrd31yDpk2mZyi2rrGRRPC6ih/fDw7rIfr/56/P0zIKZ5OLoINvl5BXR1kMn5LmiKCqAiqIotwhXJqaIen24fJOkmVsKIqBTh/enaSMHNvnoExp8gShHJ6eZn5H0Ybxn6ijq372z9F0c1rc7WVl1ENlLzz4rddp9LMa8NdGwPt3p2Xtn0eBeoTR9ZDg9Of82SeuCpIwccmRZ/8uPHxCxmzikr5RlkFdYQqXmyJ69WSSxXy93Fz6GAfLcICkj2/xMURQVQEVRlFuCy48AGiSfzqZPVm41v7o2DOgeQsP79qAR/XqIyBkDROCJED4jAAmxg8BhoIYBBpVYWQwowWAR43VpWQXV1NXJwBAb64ZRR+Bgb0c2Ft+1FFM8tSzX1dnJ/ExRlPN/GYqiKMpNTMOIW0uAMGFwC+QLadJj8afMn7Q+D8+eQK88uYB+/4MF1L9bSH2aNioxjU6mZkr0D3LWJdBPRlobfRYBZNHy6CxfS5++i7ivt7sLdevEAsllY9RxZFyKjJwG6HcYdypDnqM648J7yXNFUVQAFUVRbhEuPwIY7OdFYwb2kogbhOvT1duo5CJT4BicysqlJ/74Fj3029frHw//7r905GSKeYsLgWyiLx8eRooWgzcWb95LZ/JN6ecAH09ZmcUyKne1dOD/vjdvCoWYR0iv3RNBP/7Hh/Tcqx/Tz179RCKNiDr+4qHbJdKoKIoJFUBFUZRbAssYWctwdLCneeOHyXyAIO7UadoRESWjbC8GpofBVC6IoBkPzNeHKWlaSmV1DX26chvtPxEv0T8I4gPTx1JosL95i9YDI4PdXUwDTUAW1zUpLat+1C8G9xSWtrzuitIeUAFUFEW5Jbj8CCC+06tLkAyGwGTJmHB6ze4ImU7lYiBtjEgd+vQZD/TtC/TxNG9xcSCQ73y7XqZmgZwhHfzY3Ek0ZXj/Vh9ljVb5cv1OOpZgSm9jbkCkof/ziyfo8XmTJSIJEfx89XaKSzkt2yiKogKoKIpyzdmw7yi9+OYX9Mv/fkZLt+6X6U0unysQJ7YjiN89U0dTgJeHvIUo4MGoBKo713wUEKnal793l/TpMx6QKvS1uxSI9mHAyfq9R2S6F3DPlFE0f9JwicS1Njn5hRSTnC4pbhwrRgFjQm+I4IxRg6g3CzDAXIP7TsTJc0VRVAAVRVGuOZh+JDI2WR6QFaRHLakyixKwHABhb3demIyBDZYYKU6AeQwbY8QMnR3t6af3zzEPCDkn06ZgbEVzoAufHcua0aevvm/fJaJ3iPZ9t/0grdx5SJZis2EhmzlmEN03fewFy9FZ9gNEStqyOpavZZ8X2W1eYXG9UGMfvh5u9fV0crAjLzdXeQ6QylYUxYQKoKIoyjUmwNujflRsMstgfnGJPAcQsf3HT7I8mSJyWL4NsgU6+fvIv2DdnkjTCh5mkGbdGXl+Lr2mBjhYrgoyuFdXmjdhmIyGvVZgouUv1+2sX3lkbHhvemzOpCZXVjH6JYKE9MwGo4JPpp6uf+3i7EC2TUz/YiBiapZJSCfa1lgNBClvTD5tcC0ikIpyq6ICqCiKco1B/zmshwuwVNp/vlxNmw8co6Pxp+izNdtkpKyxxBn67Lm5mOarGzeot/wLIFevfbmSDsUk0u6jsfTnj5bQgagE86dEs8cMNj+z4Lz/CTNHD2oglc1RVFou08Ygdd3UAyuLNF5ybfexWHpvyUbKKzLJLaZ66d4pgA7HJDX4LuqOyOVwbhMDbPPRis0Un5ZJe4/F0acrt9anj0MCfMnZvJpHUwT5esukz/BafAd9HPccjZOy0K4nT53v99e3WyfzM0VROhQV5jb6nwhFUZS2STVLy+KSYjpQ2TCd+qirG4XbO1xJL7sWAVdauHYHfbLKNBkzooEYFYtoHCJdRvTP1cmRXnj0dhrVv6e8zj5bQL9772tKTM+S14h0Ia0Kalh2DAmbNLSvTHMCycT6uos37ZX3w0I60tu/elKeA6RWP1qxhb5lMUIEEWBlj6fvnkGJGdn0/GufyHum+jUfH8CgkJefuKs+Ugn+8ME3DSKSOLamJm72dHOhvz3zIAWziP7s3x9TVJJpBRGkvrG8HFLUEDnTyGEr+v4dt0n/QWNiaUxlgygj6t81yJ9ef/4J2sPy+e8vVsj3UHdM+4J/IdXGcQb6etJ7v36qyVS5orRHNAKoKIpyjYEMPTRrPN0/fayss4t58pCuxPq1kD8HOzvq6ONJj8yeQCP7hZm/ReTv7SHLovXuGkwuTg4sRXXyHTygfogUTh7Wn566a3p9hBHz4hlYdWj4P/GQKCy11qWjb/1Wkprm/7Ps32dIWHOPpqaRwXcswcumvgtxxWfY33MPzKGeIUEikigTfflwbMDV2ZEmDOkrgmrIH8D36uuOB/8/jHLGKGOklbEtykBZSJkjejgwrAv96UcPqPwpigUaAVQUpd1woyKABohIxadmSh+3s4UlsnKFK4tdoK8XhXXu2Gx69mxhsYzeTc3KlcmVITnuLH+hgf4ihxjkYXAiMZViUzJEEDEgAmvnNiYyLpmS0rMJQy26BflT/+4h0m8PaemW3BA6+XvT8D5Y3/e8mCEdfSrrjPlV8yA1jNQ2op3YF+bswwolqdm5VFxaLlFDP083ie5B3DBwxRIcW3RSGtXyufR0daZJQ/vVC2JCepZ8lpNfRNUsgW7OTtQl0JcG9AiR/SmKch4VQEVR2g03WgANEAGT9GRdnQxwwPQlLQEpX0QOEQMz0pxtBUTtqrlNEOGztxjYcblI9JLLQfQPbWQZPVQU5Tz6l6EoinKdgbdBThDdaqn8AZMc2UrKtC3JH8AxITqINO2Vyh9Au2AKG2lblT9FaRb961AURVEURWlnqAAqiqIoiqK0M1QAFUVRFEVR2hkqgIqiKIqiKO0MFUBFURRFUZR2hgqgoiiKoihKO0MFUFEURVEUpZ2hAqgoiqIoitLOUAFUFEVRFEVpZ6gAKoqiKIqitDNUABVFURRFUdoZKoCKoiiKoijtDBVARVEURVGUdoYKoKIoyk1MTHI6pefk0blz58zv3PzU1tXRur2RVFFZZX7n6jiekEoJaVnmV+2bMwVFFBGbJG18M5CdV0hHT6ZQXSvX52B0Al/3Z82vbj0S0rMoKinN/OrmRAVQURTlOrBq5yEqLis3vzJxND6Fss4WmF81zf4T8RSfmkm3jv4R1dTW0ccrtlJJeYX5HRMpmWdo6db98th66ASlZ7fsBr/rSAxFnkw2v2rfZHCbbdx/lGq5jW8GUk7nyLnEOW9N1u2JpJOpp82vbj2O8PW652is+dXNiQqgoijKdeCTVdsov6jU/MrE7iOxlJqVa37VNFU1NVRbV0u3lAGeO0dlFZXUOCgUl5JB2w9HUVJ6Nu2IiKbfvbuIDsckmj9tnqrqGqrmdrjWILp2s0daEfmr5PY4d5NcEKb6VJtfXR7VNbXyo8g4kiMnU+p/NOAYW0sqcUozc/PNr1pGYXEZlV9FBLuGjw3X7c2MCqCiKMp1ADeExnJRV8e38VsotXu14FAnDulLv3h4Hv3+yQX0swfn0i6W4JKyhpHCGwHOwxuL1khKU7k+nD6TR99u3ktl5ZXyetH6XZRzDdof8venD7+9ICJ9Mb5Yt4O2HDxuftU2UQFUFEW5CYAcRSen0+6jsZSUkd2kGKJfUQbfNPdHxdOh6ESqrKqmjJw8+Q7SxJYk8rZInaIPoRGJqKmtpZiUdEkrNxd5ROQOfe72Hj/JN84CKb+wpEw+i03JoDP5RbLvY/GnRGoN8opK6CC/H52UJlHLllDB9Xewt6UOVh3kdUFxKR2ISqATiakS/UlMz24QhUG7FFvIIj4rNcsDQN1y8k0CYVkf7OdYwimpF6Qjnz9Ly86VdkAKHm3doUMHumvKSPJ0dZbvg7KKKmknI92KiFVRaXn9uUFUEilQnIcG54/rbWyTW1AsAnIq84y5r9w5fq9IjnPPsTjKKyyR7ZoCYowIKfr84bxYgrpFxiVT3KnTUi9Qx/vEce3lcnHe0T7oR4fzjrbDseK8FYrLRiQAAP/0SURBVBSbzifa6gBfS4jM4rtIuRpl4TgPch3RRsb5BzguHDOOE/tG2Y3BMeEzS9Is0v1oA5wPJwd7msA/CHCu0B0C0UB872xhseynlss+ya8PcRvk87XRFGh7XJeoD+plbvYGx2tjY00PzRov+0O3A7Q/9oPv4PyUshge5jbGfox2njZyIA3qFSp1SsnMEXls3N4APxj28d8Kzi3OF9r/Zo/8GVi/9NILr5ifK4qitGlwG4+uqqKM2ob/Ax1ub08BNjZk0pBrw6INuynYz5sKS8tEQvDAzal7p47U0duT3l2yntbvPUIFJaW0Dv/yTXpAjxC5MXm6uVDXQH96a/E62hEZTVksFLhxH+YbEvrGnWZJW7HzEAVx+QFeHvTV+l309YY9sq89R+NEPgaGdZEb+prdEZK2W7RhF3l7uEqdDCBTH6/YQrvkxlgkadq9J06Sv7cHBfp40stvfylikZiRJfs/zfUY1LMrRSWm0T8//05urpA3DNiIPZVB8yeOIGdHe3PpRPFpmbR2T6QcN/p4QWTnjB1Cnf195Gb998+WST/BE1zeoegEFp9E6hkSJDd4lAOJQB27dPSV8jYfPCYDTTpy3cDCtTvI1taGilhYLOtzkuX4a27/yUP706YDx2nr4RO0ft9RyuR97mNZ6t01mFydHOltbl+0uYujg5QHEVm2bb+cI8gDxAZRIdTX3s5WzsOKHYcorHMgfbpqq5w/iAr+xXfR5mj/tXsjac2uw5TN+3Pi43hv6UY+JzlSv20RUdSjUwC5u5wXTwCZ/Qe3x3FuC4jsZt5v/+6dRVbQvwzykpyRI/JhbW3F14cfS9QpKTsHks4ygzaEfPbiNvxs9TaRzm187GFdAqV+r36xUs4htoPYbDscRUN6d5N6/eOz5XLd4IfEZm6zbsH+Iseox6erttHZomJJ2cbyDwprK2saE95L6gFQ9p8/WkKTWO7QThA8nI/bRgwU0Y5OSudreS1fO6HyIwXn8AD6uvL1AaHr5O9NJxLSpG6QLsjc6l0RNG5Qb7K3tZV9AAjuZ6u38zUVIT9UcE5dnRyoc4APffjd5vrjDfDxoA+WbZJrbTVf/+iPi0EmkLcD/O92vs4hj/ixANnt0bkjLd2yX2QQYrx4815pgwSuH4TYaG/I9euL1oj0nTyVSVsPHZdz0pPbN5nLK2dJH963h7m2Nx8aAVQURblOLN68h97nG7TxSEg3Re0gCBGxyfS7799Dz90/h37x0DxayTepSH7PEkhBny7B9Ox9s+nXj98lUQfcZJ97YA5NHT6ANu0/RhFxSSIHzz88l37+AD8enCsShBvYYf4MN/j7po2lH94xjRzs7Mwlm8ANDgLz8wfn0E95Hw/NnkCpWWeoim/K4PSZfBrIgvTLh2+nlx67k/Yci5Wb4EcsjaMG9OQ63Um/enS+RNwQ5WkK3Iz7hAbTsD7dWT69RJZw0/0v30i7BwdIub954i7y9XQTkbSMMPXv1klGVhpRweVbD4gcGv3QIlgW/DzcLqgPtocU1XKdSisqpD1++dDt0s7Yz/GEU1JfyLfl4ApXZ0cqLi1nUTAN1IGkfrf9YH00ChE/T1cXEWYIxUu8v5/xufg5l7tmd6QIdwX/4IDw/vLhO+hH98ygjSwpo7luqBe27dM1iL5ct+uCqOnri1aTH8s8UuX/ePYRCmLJ/WDpJomMncrM5TJ60a8eu4Nms9TsjIyham6nL9ftpNsnDKPnH5pLv+drCaKCOkNiENGDtP3lxw9yO3ekVxeupLEsVKjHb3nb4tIKFtRCEUzIUv/uIfQynwecjz6hnUQIES1DH85H50yUa+vZ+2aJcJc2ik4G8Xn1cXelXXx9ANQP0gepAxDw/t1CyIbrV1pWQSP7h9GPF8ykkABfun/6OOrL+4Mo4kcI2ujFx+bzt86JTFuCqDfk64VH7qBfP3EnPXXXNJFBnGvL4+3RySS8aDtIHaT4RT7uH/H2iNZBOLGfx+dNFoHDD4iSsnK5bqr5c9Q7nGUe59eyvZdtO8DXcTe5ll549HYRfghzXSsPiLlWqAAqiqJcJ/74w/vog9/8qP4xom+YvL//xElaMG20ROTs+IbaJdCPbzSDad+JePncwMXJgfp170zOjg6ybSc/b+rS0U++g6gFbphImeEz3HA3HTgmEZQAbw/ZxwD+7qYDRyVSdq7DOeoW5G8u2QSEZnjf7uTP4oEyQ7keuKkZeLk50+BeoeRobyf7cHN2kv3wvZrumjxSoj2I1N172xiys7E2f+s8Hfi//t06s6QMpzsmDWdxnSvpOYgSJOzBGeNZSm2lnMfnTuL9nI8eAkQ40V8Mx4mUIeQDUU6kdBEh6hbkxzfmukvW57YR4SyinnIcfl7uInRGytYSZwd76sf1RUoV6W5EfyALkFCkAfcdj5eo3OGYBOrWqaOkatHmiIohYoZIHcAxQ4og0hATCDJGzm7hBwbKQGQs0+kYLITo2iMs4KiDo70tC/3t9IP5U1nmSKQVKUpEwyDRSE9C3oq4LUb2C5P3cex3TxlFtjY25lKJBvcMJQ9XZ0piSYHY4nN7bkNEN5++ZzpOEKWyUOWXlJA3CxyifXi4uziJ/CH66+vpLtcayvdyc6FR/Xs2iPICyNv9M8ZJBBn72Xs8jh6eNZ427j8iQoqUM84/QKtDVHG94Xu2fJ6srFhNuC4QZR8WehwPIsFnzOl9A5wHiH6gr5dsg3MBMUW9gHG81ijPgolD+8n7Lk6O5MnX9NDe3eVaQ/TQiutSZXEugLe7C81jscYxG+2NyyWJf6CM6NeDHB3sZP/jwntLtPxWQQVQURTlBoObR36jvmCQGge78zdvYMc3czdnR/Mrvkda/C+4FayHwQ20urpWxAGiiAfSmlOGD5B01FN3TaeOvp6S4vrfii0SHTKAjFlG7xBZq6o6H5nCTRpRMQPcWHHzRn89pLsM0BeqCZ+6ANQVEoZ94qZv2b+vqBTPGxaCm3aAtzsdi0+lz1dvp8fmTJIoJvosIq03n6XPxubS9fFn6TPay8qyEZsA0SmkRyEbyaezWcom0v7jJyXFinRlWEignL/Kyqr69sZjaO9u9ek/SIGVFesvP9DeaEdjO9Rl/uQRJukxg21t+HWJRf9GiFR5VZXUG0Jirr5IE9oJ0TQcI+pkUFrWMDKHtgMQZ4DomwGinxB0W2trKQd1MOrowtfSw7MmkBuLIPo9GlFSNCkiaE3NATiwRxeJjn69aQ+FdPSl+ZNGSETtu+0HpG8djhuYD6NJ8CPDANdaw6uBr1euq+l6Ne0f9UI00pB543gbE+DtKe2GpsMxn6fhKwMIN9oDGO0tz7lOGK1sgB8fliJ/s6MCqCiKcoOZO24ordx1mDbtPyrpqcWb9kq/r+mjws1btBykVhGhOMtCib5f6F+FVDLSrl+s2S7Rs2kjw2n8oD6S8rU0owHdQyRag+ga5ABRKjw/D26aDW+R6A/nwzfINxevlb6ISIF9vmabiEJToG45eUXSH25HRIwMskCUbcrw/vT+sg0yyAX9AF/9csUF04tAAobw8W3Yd0TKHxgWIunCJVv2USeuR2iQf4vqY/RVawk+LCHYx38Wrabwnl2lvx9E9J1v10udEbHE+UOdIUNIY6N/J/puYltgNBn60HUP9pc6oZ8aIriIfCJdCik0QGQV5/79pRt422zZ5s8ffWvqEsBlWcqiAfqJQrS+23FQ+twlpmXRx6u2NBykYa4I+q9143q+v2yjjLpFGv31r1bzJ+ekHXG8iMqi3ydEbQ8Lr5ODnbQvJM7UR7WUYpMzJKJsKZ0G2BX67KFbAqKSaCd0P8Cob0TtrFneQGOps6Sp47QEaVlEtvdzXXEcmF8SfVzrB2E0ulYNmnm7WZqrB9K/K3cckqgmrueF/PfV3GCVmxEVQEVRlBtM/x4h9PwDc+nL9bvoh395l3ZGRtNvnribOvp6mbcwAQGyjFFYWfFN1PwSYoaICCTg6bunSz/A7//5bS5zJ80cM4g8XEypLojLk//3Dr3HsnXP1NENbm5IW0Ig//rxUrrv5ddo97E4iR5eDIjLj3l/GLH5w7++R799dxHf+Ps0SD0aIPqFfmpP/PFN2Xb5tv1Sh84dfeipO6eTg70d/eiv79MvX/+MhnFdMTimMT07d5Qo5MwxQ+R4kfYDd08ZKdGxy6lPS0C7zhg9iApYqqYO68/t1YEm878of0x4b9kG5w99LRdv3ENP8T63R0TRo7MnSmrQEtQBx4uI4S9f/5R+/tonEmGDcBkRSYCn379jisjXz1/7mF5++ytJ9c8ZP9Ti7DcE9Xxs7iSJTD76+zfo1+98KeIFmWwMIq+/evQOyi0spu/96W3604eLpe8gUpz47Id3TaNgf2/69VsL6cU3vxAJxg8GtDtS6zi+h3/3X/rbJ0slAmoZFbYEojmkV6ikaFG/Pl2DZdBQAB+XcRzNHU9L6MpCinP7X5bzJ/g4UK/p/OMGqd3mwN8Q/ooM8GPAHNyTdsfrltZp1pjBMkr4yT+/K9eah5szhbDY3yp0KCrMvZiAK4qitBmqWUAWlxTTgcqG84E96upG4fYOV3Uzag0gSEghQRQsfOCKQSRE0onmaAtAOhR9xbylb1XTUoTvIbVmmW5uCYgO4QZrGc26HHAzwihfBxYkpHKbA6OEIR5Gvz4MsujbrZPs25KrrY8l6P+H/l4AQVMM+kB/SUuQekTbIcVqKXRNgW3LK6slsnYxMCgD0TJE0FoCriGkiyFlzdUB7YJIM6KQOM+OdnYSbf3Zq5/QP559WPr8AaRWkU5v3H44fkS6sJ21YU9NgLbASFt/b3fpvoABGOjfiC4Il2qfywFRzqKScunP1zhCfT3AICaIPNLwtxIqgIqitBtudgFUlOsBBlP8+q0vJZqHARH4QYBpis7VnaOf3DerVeVMuXlRAVQUpd2gAqgoJjCi9+OVW0X+MHiiZ5cgenzuZBlgorQPVAAVRWk3qAAqiglTCrpKBjBgEmx3VydJ0yrtBx0EoiiKoijtDPSVw/x/GNmLaU5U/tofKoCKoiiKoijtDBVARVEURVGUdoYKoKIoiqIoSjtDBVBRFOU6gVUK/vLxUlkp4lqA1Rm+WrdLFr5XFEW5GCqAiqIo1wFMwLxs636aN26oLLR/LaiuqaXM3DyqNpbCUhRFaQYVQEVRlOsAlozCig69Q4NlyS1FUZQbiQqgoijKdQDLZ2GeQcu1fBVFUW4U1i+99MIr5ueKoihtmjp+RFdVUUZtwxRpuL09BWD9XfPr1iYiNok2HTxOMSnpVFZZScF+PrRw7U5Zw3T93iOyJmtpRSWt3nWYdkREy3qpxWUVst5sRx9PWr79APUMCZJ1bZHm/XbzXgry85a53HZGxsj3opMyZHLfU1lnaGCPLhddEF9RFEUjgIqiKNcYTLQbGuhHDnZ2InKO9rYibWv3RFAnfx8Rvr98tJTKK6ooPKyLLM/1wfJNtPdYHJWWV9IWlkfIIsCyXXhdUlYu8ng4JlGEr3snf9p9NFZWdlAURbkUKoCKoijXGEjeAJY0Zwd7GtG3Bzk7Osj7I/qF0bSRA+lYwilyd3Gi+6ePpVEDetIdE4fTIBZBEw1X6zyH/8xv7WFBnD12KI0d1JvGhvem+ZOGs1zamT5UFEW5CCqAiqIoN4ienQPl39z8Igr28yI7W9NyXDbW1hQaFCDPTT0Hz4P1W2vrkMwmKi4tIy935/ot3J2dZF1XRVGUS6ECqCiKcoOwtjb9T3BYSCBFxCbTGRZBpHrzi0tpe0SUfOZgb5LCrNwC6f8Xk5TO4lcu7wX6elFsSgZVVdfIIzEjm3LyCuUzRVGUi6ECqCiKcoMZM7AXjezXg15duILe+Hotfbh8U/1UMe4uzjR+UB96f9kGemvxWhkYUmfOAc+fNIK2Hori76yhN79ZS9sOnyBnR3v5TFEU5WJ0KCrMbdjBRFEUpY1SzeK0uKSYDlRWmN8x8airG4XbO1zTCVpMkzTny4hfkJieJX0DjbRvZVU1peWclcEdnm4u5MHiV1JeQUG+XlRWUUkZZ/JkMukgP35dXinRP0QQs/MKZWUR9Cv0cXeluro68uJ/bW2spVxFUZSmUAFUFKXdcCMFsKUguNehmYpgmhdM/dKY5t5XFEVpDk0BK4qi3ERczOOakzyVP0VRLhcVQEVRFEVRlHaGCqCiKIqiKEo7QwVQURRFURSlnaECqCiKoiiK0s5QAVQUpV1SW1FJVXlF8jibW1A/ubKiKEp7QKeBURSl3VBZV0cfRkTRpt2HqbqghM7V1Mr7blZW5GJrQ24uTnT3lJE0rE93WY5NURSlraICqChKu+HjlVtpydb9VFFZZZpwrxGYTMWWRXDS0P703P2zdTJlRVHaLCqAiqK0ec4WFstSaTsjY8zvXJruwQH06yfuql+5Q1EUpS2hfQAVRWnT5BWW0GtfrqLdR2LN77SMhPQsenXhSso+W2B+R1EUpe2gAqgoSptmR2Q0HT2ZQnVNpHwvRWxKBm2LiKKaWlNfQUVRlLaCCqCiKG2WguJS2nMsjsrR5+8KgPjtOhJLZwtLzO8oiqK0DVQAFUVps5SUVVBadq751ZWRkJZFhSySiqIobQkVQEVR2ixFpeV0Jr/I/OrKqK6pocLSMjp3BSlkRVGUmxUVQEVR2ixVLG+tAVLJ6n+KorQlVAAVRWnDtI612drYmCYJVBRFaSOoACqK0mZxtLcnK6urNzdnR3v1P0VR2hQqgIqitFkgbj7ubuZXV4azgz25uzhThw6qgIqitB1UABVFabN4sLh16+RvfnVl9OvemXw9XM2vFEVR2gYqgIqitFlcnBxoVP+eEgm8EmysrWlkvzDycHUxv6MoitI2UAFUFKVNM2FIXxrWt4fI3OUysEcITRzalzT7qyhKW6NDUWGuTm6gKC0Ey4lhcmHMDefkYE+O9nbmT1oXrEBRWl4p05i4OjqQvZ3dNZeQiqpqKuVjs7W1JhdHx0sOnqiorKLi8goRKzdnR7K2uvjvycstvzUpLiunJVv206INu6im5tLLutnYWNOo/mH0gztuo0BfT/O7iqIobQcVQOWWJr+ohN5dsqF+tQcHFqWHZk2gwb26ymtL/vLxEkrPPiud+X9y7yzqGRLUQKqKSyvopbe+oLq6OvJ0c6Hf/2AB2dnayGdV1TW05dAJWVc2J6+QztWdI2trKwoN8qc7Jo6gsJCOZGUubP2+I7R612ERjc4BPvTzB+fVlwMqWYRe+3IlpWblimjcN20sjR7QUz6D9K3aeZj2nTgp0oK64Lvdgv1p/KC+NKJfD9kut6CY/vzxt1RZWS2vL4W3uyv99vv3NKgHwB//yVOnaQ3XNy71NFVX11IHFjM/LzcaM6AXzRg1SI7TkoS0TPpu+0GKT80UQUV7ero6S6p0zrgh5GAhxZdTPubZOxAVT+v3HqHsvAKZeNnHw03Ola/n1Q3kAJXV1bT3+El6f9kmyjlbYH73QrDPBbeNpklD+8lxKYqitEWsX3rphVfMzxXlliPzTB59sHwTC0OhrNeak19EQb5e1De00wURJtz4T2We4e2KJboT7O8t8mJQUFzC22yUcrCCxJ2TRpAtCxpk6++fLafl2w6waJ6VSYELS8oon/9NycyhvcfiyJeFJiTAV8rbczSWth6Oku9BaqaNHNhAvMoqqmjRht2UmJ5NeSyw/bt3ZhkNZDmqod+8s4g2sEBmn82v3w+2ST6dQzsjY+gsPx/UK1SO4YvV2+uP+1IPRC3nTxouwmlJbHIG/fGDxXQsIZW3K5b9Yb+nz+TToZhEEWvL9GlSRrZsfyQ+RcrF9nhA2I6cTKH4tCwa3qc72dvZyvaXU/6v315IX2/cTSl8rGg7lF/NEj1+UB/yaAURwz46+vtQWa8ulG3dgWorKqimpNz8KYufuxvdMXk4/eS+WfwDIlQivIqiKG0V7QOo3NJExCU3WOgfUaPo5DRZuutiNBX2bvCe+QXSlp+v3kYHoxIkCgipRDQqkCUT0aG6unMiaP/+fAUdiI6X7zRV9kXhL0B0/u/jpSxRyZL+dWT56OjjKftxc3GSbbD/9Xsiae3uwzInnZe7q0T2jAdk1QDyYvmZl7tLA9kFENF/sNjm5BdKpBHfQboT2yOaiTrtYpnduO8o1fLnlbz/175cRRks3ThupL9RR0TMrKyspN6HWepW746Q55dbPuQcqfXG9WxNsF97N2fymzyMuj99L/X744+o7ys/pH+++iv66q8/oyfmTqYAL49LprMVRVFudTQCqNzSvLV4nUSWcGO3tbURkUDqdPTAniIalizbul8iYQDpvU6NIoAl5RW0lLcB9ra2dNeUkZIy/mjllnrJnDdhGH3/jik0a8xgGtqnm6SN03POsvDUUXRSGs0YPYgFNJ2OJ6SKjEIS8V6DFDCLFKJ8iIRBKIf37SH1/oxFs5bLQbTriXmT6cGZ42j6yHAK79GFCkrKKCs3X/ZTzMcwYXAfGtEvTKJjE4f0lUdyRjadKTCtezt33FB6ZPYEmjSkX/3n3h6uDY53y8HjtJaFEni5udAz986ie6eNoZH9w2T9XGN/ABExyN3SLfvktSdL1NP3zKD7ppvS12UVlZLSxnHg+bC+3enAifjLKr+WpRHRTX8WMKNNMYp3yrD+rRIBBNhbdFUVZdSeXyIObRJub08BNjY62bOiKO0G/Zmr3LIgHZuYniXPOwX40LA+3eU50rfH4k+JjFwtSNMibQn8PN3oibmTKKxzoETmBrKY3T9jLLmypICss4UiQVdCeg6iaqb6ot/gyAFhLKg+EmGDaEIIIbgA+0A/QqSN+4QG1z9cnR3lcxDA3+vd9fxnocH+9X0UDRBxMxjQI4TGDuwl6fM+/L1xg3rX983LZanE/o4lnJLXYETfMJbKfhTs5029ugTR3SzLRgQSEUJE/y63/HunjaX7+YGRt41T1YqiKErrogKo3LLsiIiqjyCFh3WlycP6yXOw/0S8RNOuFqQvDUKDA8jZ0SR7Bv5e7jSEBQ0S1LtL8BWnDjGK1ojOIfol/QfllYnunQJoDAsUImtDeoVKivhq6dutk0QI8UDZloM9ss4WyIhngOXU8FmRWYRBgLdHA6GEEBuvMToYbX+55TvY2TbYxsCyHRRFUZTWQQVQuSVB/7Eth0/Ic0jXMJYwjEJFyhAcT0ytT4deDRg5auBod+GUL0gz/+aJu+nNF75Pb7zwPerRuaP5k8sDEbIgP295nldYQr9+8wt699v1FJuSISOdkU7+9eN30l9//CD97gf3iIBdLZCyl793lzyQEjfkNSEti7YdjhKJg9QhYufm7CR1MGjcT6+DRfLU2Oxyy2+OhntSFEVRWgMVQOWW5HjCKco8ky/PEX1CChgjT9GfDmAKlrW7I+R5a4O+gku27KP/fbf5gkdGTp55q8vDxdGBXnjkdhkRDLlCPz/s4xevf0Z/+t+39PHKrXQ4JqlFc9hdDZDNj1dukQgd8PNyp4ksb4jOtQbXunxFURSlZagAKrckO4/E1Kd/wzp3JDcnU/83TO9isPngcaqta/0EYmFxmczV9/WG3Rc8LPu9XS49OnWkXz58O90zdVR9fz6kU9GfcfGmPTKi9vVFq+v7JLY2iNx9smorRcQm1fdHvG/aGJmDsDW41uUriqIoLUcFULnlwGTJMcnpIhGIlkEgnM2p3y6BfvXylJtfJJMQtzbou1Z3rs78b8PH1Q48QTQTAz4+ePlH9NRd0ynIvAoFZBejnTfuP0YrdhyUKWFamy/Wbqd1e45Ieh3MGzeUZo4Z3GpTolxp+a2v8IqiKIoKoHLLEZOSTvlFpfLcycGOvD3cqIylEFO8QCYCfUzSBHHYfTRGnoMGfcmasIqGfdyMf89/C4IHOnp70M8emEt/fOo++vmDc2UgiAG2b9AfzvxoAJfT4D3eHFPXYPRsRs5ZOQ5vdxcZWfvBb56mFx+dTz06BUjZmF9vE0ug5eCUqwVzHSJ6uXDtThFYTFkze+xgeuruGa0if1dbfoPzpiiKorQKKoDKLQUkLCrx/ETPiCat3HGI/v7pcnm8u2S9zDFnEBmXTKXlprn/ZEJlM5i82VL4AFYRMcBgEggXRucaZJv7rWGKkvCwLjL/3aCeXRvM8efu6mQazWoWG/TZw5QolqB/n9GXz4a3w5yDkLqX3vyCXvjv5/TV+l0ylx5A2VNHDKCXv3dP/eoamWfz6+czvFoQSfxu+wHZJ+QS+5szdgh9//ap/LzhVCy2NpZzGVazxJ5vP0zjYryysbaqF+jLKV9RFEW5fqgAKrcUiPRhLVpDoCAYJxJTae/xOHkciEoQuTPAdCpGvzxMpWKwYf8RKmdpMYCcfLt5r/kVUUhHXxmh2rWjX/2ScokZWXQwOkGeG2BOPkMcIT6d/LxlpRBjUAMGPcQkp0n/NwDpPBybVF9Hezs78nJzln2gHCzttu/4SZa8hmvVon5GITZW1k1Ol3IlYG3cbzbukYEtYGjvbvTAzHEN5hQ06GhORwO0uWX/SswRaEy7gxG9hixeTvmKoijK9UNXAlFuKTBp8JLN+ySKBiBbAT4e5OnmUv/AiFqs3IHlytB3rneXIJa/jrISxupdh+V7EMMDUfESVcOE0u8t3chillgfFXxk1gSZ9w9LnEEqMbk0ykNEsbb2HJVWVNLuo7H0wfKN0icRYIWLGWMG8/7tadeRWBmsgQgl+itW1dRQZVUNbY+MknQoUr7A39ud7p8+jiXQVUYto76QpX0n4uQYyiuq6URSGn24bCOd4ToDyClWCHE1D3wxwMoexihkzBeIuQkt5+prTPLpbHrlvW/q6wLGDupDp3PyKTolXVY0wQP9KAO8PWVVkzXmkdWIsmIdZk+uN+Tv05Vb6wen9MH8f0P7UdbZ/Msq38HeJM1J6dki2pB7RGInX+OVQICuBKIoSnujQ1Fh7vmf8YpykwMZ+807X4qMQc7ef/kp6sJCZAmWWnvh9c8oisUJzBk3lJ6cP1XWon1v6QZasf1Qg/n9LEHqdvzgPrLMGYQHfdaWbtlPX67fScUsgU2B6F1IgC/98an7qSPLKEBK94Plm2TgRnMgUvbMghkiOOCLNTvom0176tO/TYH1dx+bO4nmjR/WYO1f8PLbX8oE2AD1v33CsIv2scO+3mfxbQn/ePYRSXf/5eMltCMyuj7a1xhMlP3Mgpk0ZXh/iahebvnwVawN/Na36yTNjfkO//z0AyK9rUE1C/7iEpb/yoYp9Edd3VgCHVQAFUVpN2gKWLmlQHoU8gcwgTDEqzH2tjaylJqNtUmQYlPS66NTD82cwAI1UaJjxucAEoe5BO+eMkrW+oX8AQjUnHFD6Nn7ZkmEz5ho2gBRRQjmr5+4i2Xl/GCQKcMH0IuPzafJQ/uTu0XfQ+Dl7iLvy+dm+QNIjf7k3lkiQhA9S5wd7WWOwB/dPZ1mjh50gfwBO4s+evj8UjJj2afvYiCKKClnLvCpu6bJOsNG+xjgc0xjA9HGMm/4zpWUD6z5vBiRS/TDhOgriqIorYtGAJVbiszc/Pr0LwZoNLciBtKOmGwYGV3IENagNQZrILWYX1wiI4mRykSUz4dFztPVRUbfOjSSL4DUcEFxqfTdQz89zM+HCJ6vlxv5uLuREwtaU8KF1DHS1ujfV1RaJt/BqGGsIIJ+cI2/g6lt8rhe6DuYW1gsUTAXJ3vy9XAXkUT9mhMio21QJiZYbiyejYEU41guBcoL9veul1IMqjmTX0yp2bmUx3VEu0rfR24L1NPon3il5eMYcvh7MmIY587Pq8UyeSk0AqgoimJCBVBp10Ds8Adwsb5yjTG+g29YThNzMeQ7/CVsfi2/cz3BiGzUETXrwFJ689XwQlQAFUVRTGhuRWnXSIrxMuXK+M7lSJl8x+raf+d6IqlbFj9EJFWcFEVRbi1UABVFURRFUdoZKoCKoiiKoijtDBVARVEURVGUdoYKoKIoiqIoSjtDBVBRFEVRFKWdoQKoKIqiKIrSzlABVBRFURRFaWeoACqKoiiKorQzVAAVRVEURVHaGSqAiqIoiqIo7QwVQEVRFEVRlHaGCqCiKIqiKEo7QwVQURRFURSlndHuBbCqpsb87Dznzp2jvcdP0ntLNtCxhFPmd68dhaVl9NX6XVTdRF1uBJVV1bRh3xF6a/E6yjpbYH63afKKSmjb4Sgqr6wyv3MhN9vxNce3m/dRYnqW+VXrk5mbz/vYa37VOkQnp9PRkynmV9ee3Udjr2kbKYqiKNeHdi+A327aRxUsPJbEpGTQ1xt2kZuLE7k6OZrfvXaUl1fRjohoqqmtM79zY9l1JJY2HzhOAV4eZG9na363aUrKKuhEYipVVTcvdzfb8TXHnmOxlxTeqyG/qJT2HI0zv2od0rJyKfl0jvlVy4g7lUGRsclUV3fO/A7JcbdETmNYOK9lGymKoijXh3YtgJln82nt7sNyU7Mkm29wPTp1pLunjKSugX5UUFJG6/ZGssDUmrdoXc7xf3Xnrk6Odh2J4Rv7afOrqyMrr4BGD+xFd0waTp6uzuZ3mwcR04vRGsd3PTjHQnSpY7kU+P7B6ARKyz7Lz81vmsHL1m4H7ONy6xyfmklH4lkALeqSk1dI320/aH7VPNjX1baRoiiKcuNp1wL42ert1KdbZ4pKSqNKiwhWXV0ddbDqwM/wICooLqU1uyOopubaCKCxn6thZ2QMxaY0FNkr5RyOv8PV1+k8rVnWzQ3U6MCJeErNPGN+devQfs6SoiiKYv3SSy+8Yn7erjjFN+hFG3bTT+6dRZGxSdS9UwC5ODlQdl4hbT54nNJz8qju3DkqLqugyLgkOpGYRk6O9pLG9PV0oyh+vfXwCS4nl7zdXcjJwV7KPXIyRYRx3/GTFOjnTXa2NvJ+cVk57T12kvy83GnroSiWtQxyd3aWfZbwZ+hHN2P0ILK1sabcgiLaERFDB6ISJNri5+XBQkaStkOqFSk89Ptyc3Yia2sr3i6e9p04KRKLdPbZwhLycnORshCswfboo+fm7Fgvdng/go97x5Form8Z+Xm6kw1vj+jQ9ogoKuT3yioq5VgdLNLAtSyHiJhCOPN4P6j/ydTTNDCsi2yXW1BM6/cdpZOnTpMrf4Y6Nj4+pBCxj5OnMsmZt0nNOiPl4ngDfb3Ixtpa9oW6pOecle0R4TTVx52srRr+bkEboa/mjshoKiopJys+RpTp4+FKR+NPSZshKhfDgozjcbS3k+8hfb310Anp02Y6LyeoT2gwdQ7wlc8B6nWMy2i8f5S562iMnFNs4+3uKu+jDLRrOZ8HtGu34ABzSURn8ov4s0Tq172zXANI3fp4nK8POByTJHW14rJQLqK6HX085bOU02ek3RGtQ33RlglpWRKZ7t01mBIzsuS6wrlHH1ZcFx34Py++PtEmBjhfOJaBPbrIfgCu+93H4ujOSSPkdVp2rpwz/DjyQFcIvnYAjg1tiHJRN5SDc4nrEPvdfTSOjsQlk7+3BzmYj6u567motIw27D8q5xjtZ3mdXSsQ84yuqqKM2oZdFsLt7SnAxkYlWFGUdkO7FcClW/dRR29PmjysHx1msYLABft5UcaZs7Rp/zHKLyqhKr6JIxJ4Ij6VTufmyc0B20Fc3l++kXAXS87IFvGAADk7OtDrX63mm/tx6Rc3ZmAvkS6Qnp1Hf/9kqUTpkvg7CSwdX2/cRf17hPCNz45vtidEkHBT/Puny3kbU0f75dsPiGR1DfSn95ZuoD18k4YkQAK+XLeLRg3oSftYQnDjh5RU8wPC2inAR27UkK9PVm6VlLYPvwYQi3eWrOf97yZH3jfqj5v5iH7dWWzTZR8l5RVUyo8+3To16AcJsX3rm7USDT3E9cBryMHgXqHSZi+/tVCOAen1z9dspxCut7uLc/3xFZSU0t+4HdB3Lb+kjJZt3S9tNaR3N/rouy0iAZBxCOrv3/+ahbaKtrOIoO7f7TxEWbn5sq0BJB2py49WbJHzATHGvk6zwI/s35PeWryWNh44JkIDqd/G4jVuUB+Rkl+98QUlnc6WlP8m3gb1x3FYCiDa9dNVWxvsv3vnjnwul0lfSUgYosMQvj4sYSt3HJLzC+Eu4rYfG97bXJJJAFdxGdEsVRgYc5SlddvBE3I8uHY+5mP4fO12OT+rdh6Wck4kpdLkof15H5H0V243tN+eo7EsvHx98bmHFEIAPVm+fv3mF9SL63AgOpGvkUSR+sVb9pI3f9bJ38dcC5MAnmS5Rso7ldsFP4bwXnxaJt01eSSf10S5Biv4GM4WlNDqXYepV5cgEUlDANGWi9bvkmunrKJKzmNq9ll+HUWnz+TJduhGgPo2dT3789/e8699Kn9TKSzrkM1x3FYQyWuJCqCiKIqJdimAGLn6xdqddP/0cSI3iAQhWjKsb3fy9/KQmzoGP/zk3tnUv3tnCg0OoCi+Ef/+BwskUvHNxj306JyJNHfsUJaMMLkJJ2Xk0ACWOcjAlGED6IVH75DolxF4QbRsBd/8Z4wcRM/cO5OmjwonB5bJ5XzjHNSrq0SYIEhr90SSna0tPXXXdCm7b2gnWsGC0ze0s9Sxsrqa/u/p+2nWmMF0MDpe5PGBGeNE4Eb270GPzZ0sUctDLAFDWGZwo8bNF9JjRGQgLhCEP//oAZo6YgCNH9xHpLekvJJmjhlEhXzT7sP7e3zeJHLnYzBA9PPfC1dy3abRvbeNoZlcX0TaEPEc2qc7/enDb0WgfnT3dBGfYD9vWrh2Bw3oHkL7T5ysPz6IybP3zaZJQ/tJH8stB4/TxCH9qGdIkAgCvnuYBQKigzawtrameeOH0Xg+BndXZwrw9jDXiCiHpQrS9cyCGXTHxBEiEZC24tIKLrMvy0sEi20PepbP5fSR4RKhQ5Txy/U7KTTIn373/Xto6vABZGtrwxJ4XL5vKYBoJ5zE+v27OPGxxItAvvzE3SLgOEc4ztBgf5rL20E+IW33Tx/LXz2vFBDAbbz/Hy+YWd9+mSyfp8/kizR/vWkP/eu5R2nO2CFS9xU7DpIdS0kXbiNI/PMPzpPrDm2FepkG3nQQ2d6w76icg9n83Y38fAS32/hBvUUuEZkzfogAyN5hvj5yC4spheUP1+8pfiBKjevyK26bOyeNpIdmTZBrA9E+ROpGsVBDsCGAGCm+mX/o/OHJe+meqaPkh1Bieja99rPHaWS/MFqyZR+NHBAm7d3U9Yy/u418zf3kvlkssr0kytnR17M+InmtUAFUFEUx0S77ACJqhejG2j0R9OHyTRKtwCM2OcO8RfMgMoaoBspYuG6nyCDey+KbMEZVujg6UDcWAaQDLe79Al7PHjekXgrmsMThRnqWb8QG0UnpIhe4gS5kSd0eEc03+loqr6yULmW4uRoRuZCOfiJrjRnHN35EYXCzhlj269ZZRjQbnMrMESlydzW9BzmALEAKLkZ2XgHXpVpk1ADyBAnN42OABJSxRCIyibrHncqUuloeX8rpHBrIomykxjt39KVuQaY06bA+3SjIz0sikCtZfh6aNZ7rGSZpQ5wnSBukB9FBA0QpfT3cROrQqkinDuoZKul6gGgTjt/YH9KPOfmFEoG8b9qY+tToJBYulNOYQSy0lvsvrajk757lTzrwOdorx4m0LMQwLuXSg3C8PVylPgYTeL9IvyI9OpoFK9Cc7kV5kHyAVHGPzh2pT7dgee3BEvz8Q7dLhBkDbCBZiJw+wMKJf6ex6B5POEXvLt1A61i4mxq8NIJ/LPz2+3fTK08ukMdjcyeRLYt2aVmlRIXDOgdK2+AxlM8LrqfqRuV04esPkUGAlHTPLoH8w8lG6mfLMoVuBM1dz5DIh1kw8ffzyaqtkua3PK+KoijKtaXdCWB5RZWk4B6ZNZFunzCc5o4bKpGamaMH05Kt+8xbNQ+ig+hbNmFwX5o9drA8EB1aMHW09KFDCsvBvpm+THyDQ38ngzMFxSI0ln3AEK3p1SWYZvPNX8rnfx+ePYECDDEwSxvAzbmpeybKuG3EAPp09TYRW6SnLfuAQcoycvIaTAOCNCCO62KgLxgkwFI65RhqasjV2YnsWD7Qv81oF8jh/dPGSiTQwImPtbCkzPyKJM0OoTaYNiKclm/bL30ZEXGCCD04Y5zIQq+QIEkr5xWdF0r0F4SUoRwAiUAqF6lwgM8t2xfNgNeI+CVnnJ8+BVHhotJy86vzNN4/JBBR2M4BPnLN4DgRWXxg+jiJ2l0KCL/l8ebmF4ucou1TWUotJciY3gXpYUhrrcU0OojiIfKH6ByirojmIeoL0B/wiXmTud7j5VpEdBA/eC4Fdm1jY0Vl/GNDfnCYgaAiemxtcQ0BXA8GlpFOecoPlHex63nGqHD6wfypEnVdsfOgdAVQFEVRrg/tTgDzi0ukjxU6+yP9iPQaHojMobN/xpl885ZNg077LixQGCiCOxxECn3EcLO75MhZ/vzdb9dLyg39rf704TcU3rOL3CQNpgzvT3uPxUlqEIWu2nVYOtXbIDXGxV9yH2aQgsRNH1Eafy9387smkIo7zjfbz1gQIaTLtx2gfVHxtOC2MeYtmgYigpv5N5v2SjoT0Z13l6yXCJlEoFiUMJkyBmIgLfz6olWyH0shHhPeS/rsYQJjiBwmiIb4GHTy95b9IN3q6GDH2x6QtHGAjwcN7d1NBh3UWogrBuBA9pZs3S9RyKMnk2n93sgGE3w3bjJ7Fq4pw/pz/VZLlBT7f+3LldLfsDGN919RWU3D+nSXCDCExaqDlUSSMU0QZPFSQKaWcBtJ+3EbfL5mG/Xr1onlaIhI+Gert7JUF0kboV8iwGAN9Ln89xcrRQpX7DhE//78O74mTINlugX58w+QMfQftHdCKr26cIX0H0Rb9mZpxXFZNFmzoJnQlxDR1HeXbKDYUxkyEAfp7UlD+ok0N6AFl2Jz1/OJhFP05J/fIVtrG+rLx48fKKaUtqIoinI9aHd9AJP4Bop+RripWo4mxeAO9BuDNCGFVV1TR727Bsm2Zfwebs4QJ6Q7e3cJkk70iBhidPDtE4ZReJipPERmIEkowxJEmLYePEFP3D6F/rdiM+0+EiuRG6TeanhfiWlZktJDH0REqNBPCv2uMA/fgttGy0CL2FOnWVZ96yNqqJM7v9+jc6AMKkE/KggfQEoNEvHU3dNFWi1BWjQ8rKtIzMqdB6UPJPpoQYghmOg3iLRwSIDvBcKJY8f3kP7ECFEMGkB90X8PbWBl1YEWb9ojo1AH9wylR2ZNYBmrPX983h7Sxt/wNhv3Hxd5wUhZDF7APvOKSulofArNGz+UhcpZ2gNpTESxNrF0z584QlLIBoiedQ3yk7Qx0owQpHGD+0i7DOBznJCe2eB8YNBHJz4upLxtbGzom427pa5Thw8kJ3t7OecB3qZoK2hq/+gnh7bZzIK2evdhEdzv3zG1XgDRry7Q11OO1bL9MCCnkMXY39tdpiBC2hfpWsg6rj9EPDGCGgNAYEv3TB0twot2Q18+jL5GdPQMSySuo978IwayiHQr+uohuooykTZfxtfm9shoGfmMc2SMJAaQUNRL0rwy3RHJgBWIMMQYad28wlIZ2IHR5Yh2I1qHtsagEX+MhLa2psqqmvoBOejHiOi4Kb3dQfaL84Rz29T13DMkUI4N3Sh2HomR/rOIqFr+TV4LtA+goiiKiQ5FhbktiA0oTYFIIqJfxrQlFwPTdfzqv5/Tkn/+kuWylm/ApvTkxUBExOi7djlgHsPXF62R7//q0TvM7zYN+oeZ+iu2/NaHNCWiSpDhpr6GdkG052IjOlE37BPSYAmkFZG8B2aOI3tbU+QQ0S+keZGGRPSuOTAa1ZFl7HKOBQNbcA4b18OSi+0f59KGj/Ny9gmQ4sY+GwsPRjVjf/isqTIx1Q++g31eDLQvBAvR1Isd28VAFwFMFt2S67slNHU9o464npwccC1dXhteCdW8s8UlxXSgssL8jolHXd1YAh1UABVFaTdc25/bbRzTjfjyb464Ibfke1cifyAxI5uik9Po3mkXT+kC1ONyb7zYHFGd5r6GdrnUdB44tsZigj5uWw4dp/CeXevlD6BvJaJrF5M/cCUSAZG6lCBdbP/NidqlQMq8sfwBpELRNs2ViTpcSv4AyjANxrhyeUN0sLXkDzR1PSPy6exof0VtqCiKolw5KoBtEAwGwLx/xojSW4VtEVFUW1MrKUhFURRFUa4dmgK+TqC/FKbSQH+1awnSmRhggBG5iFrdSnEV6ZvG/2JKEUW5FmgKWFEUxYRGAK8TmB/tWssfQCoNAoUpOm61mxlGK6v8KYqiKMq1RwVQURRFURSlnaECqCiKoiiK0s5QAVRuKOizKCt3WEzcDPA6M/fik3LfiuC4sBIKjvtmpq22v6IoimJCBVC5oWBeu0Ubdl+wAgte/+H9b8yv2g6YZHvljkMNViq5GWmr7a8oiqKYUAFUroryyipKOZ0jkxc3BkEurIByMRAJKyotu+D7eI3RzLcqOG4jyocVW/KLTOv/4riKy8qlbS7G2cLz378RtEb7p2Xl1q99jQnHEelVFEVRbg5UAJWrIregiNbsjpCVMhqD5el+/+4iWfWiPQFx+vVbX8pyfFjZA2sJx6akt1joikrL6XfvfiVrBd/KYOm8LQeOy/Pth6Po5be/kueKoijKjUcFULliSssrqaC4TOSvoLhUlkVD/za8j2gP1hb++UPzZNULgGW/IIxYexgpUGx7KbCsHMo6W1gsS4lZgugjZAvRNqwiYgDRKmaJyskvlGhbJQtoeUWV+VOStYhRD1PfQ9Myb1g+D8vb4Tnqn1tQLPVtDOqO7xhgv4huGUB2sfwaluDDlDZol9LyCpE6IwoIUHfUAe83FkOs+/zzB+fKWr04ftQDIgmwPJupvuekbKTQcfyN2wD1QBtYgnbAPtHu+L4BykdboY0tj80S03eLpb2xT0sqq6vlu6bv10h7mK6DCirhB87BiP49GyxLWF8e18eyPLQvPjPOuWXbKoqiKK2H9UsvvfCK+bmiXBY7I2Noe0SUrHOMm3lnfx9665t1dDLtNO05GierkSzetIdG9OtBx+JP0edrdtCxhFPyPC37LK3dHUGjB/ai/SfiqU/XTuTl7mIu2ZRC3bj/qMjj1sNRdCAqnr+XQl0C/cmFBetEYhp9uW4nRcalyMonqdm51KNzR1m+bH9UAu93Lx1PTKXjCakUxdsiGted65NXVEyfr90h5eEzROZiUjKoc4AvHeRyNuw7Qke4zMNxSbT3WByFBvmLkBms3nVYhKejeZWVQzEJLC2V5OvpJq9XbD8oYoZyBvboQt9u3if7yWWZOZV1hroFBXC7RUt0NDI2mQ7HJJKPuyv5eJi+D5B+/WTVNmk/yNCmA8e4fj6yPF4Bi9W6PZEU6OdF//p8hRwX2gltiCXrQvg4AI4fbWysqgKZ+vC7TZRy+gzXOVGkq7O/N6Vm5dLCdTsogusSEZtE8amZ3MZ+Iqib9h+T5QSxzaINu2QfOH8x3GbYD5Zwg6h9sXYn7eJrYd/xkxTP1wKWCdx2+ARFnkym3PxiqVcpi92mA8dpZP8wKe+r9bukHkd5m7iU03J8KO/jlVvoyMkULiuez22ypJF7dQluctm8KwGKHM2in1HbUGLD7e0pwMZGJ4JWFKXdoBFA5YoZ2qcbTR0+kKXGn+aMHSIRryMsaQHenvTAjPES2YpPy6TMM/n0KQtNeFgXepDfnzYqnGUrgaKS0swlNU0Vi1BGTh4tuG00PTRzAiFm9dnqrZRxJk9EoXtwAL8/nu7lz0+eOk1fsRCeZRGFII0J78X7GkdThvWXVGry6Rypz4odh8jZwZ7unz5OyiW+5R9m8atmITqTXyiSM7hXV/58rKxnjPStJYG+XiJKRlobA1hOJKVKpA4Rym0sq+4uznSSRQrRqznjhlC3YH8a2S+M5k8cId9JyTxDg8K6chuNE0nceSRGRM8A0T6IGCKVkE2sIGP0kUQ90a8O/6L98PzhWRNpSO9u9PnqbRJZhRRCzgf0CJHvAMgWpPmOicNp/OA+EvFEUPFT/g7EHe2Ic4Nj2HLweH3kDXVYvu0AuTo5cn3HSrvgi99s3CPRwu92HCQs43s/H8tj8yaJOEayPE8ZPoB6dg6iniGBNIYlH+Umshwa5UF472O5vH/aON7LOVq6dZ+Uh2Mqq6iiOyePoAd4X6h3KouzoiiK0rqoACpXDJaaQ+TLydFe5M/ezpZFwUFEL6SjT/0C/ydZAhExm8wyFujrSb1CgmjK0P5kY20tnzcHhA0RqGA/b+rk701P3TmNkjNyJNLUgf/z9nCltOxcyskvYskKoHV7j0hECnWBEGGffboG07C+3Xhfpksd0cDxg/tKeUEsc7eNGNgg8hjE+xrZv6esozykVzcp35Iugb4S4cMDET1E1vL4gVTu7qOx5O7qJNEsA9QFwunp6sxi7CHvQYogZ6hf984dqYylqHF6++KcT9+OHtBT6jSDpRomtvtIrETOQoP8pN0MOvHzswVF9MnKreTE9Rkb3ltSxHEpGeTG5xFROcgk6oSILlKxAMeFNK23uyuLaD6lZ58VeTvEAg9JRDR3Mp9LpPsRFfz+7VNowuB+5O/lIalwZ74evNxcJDJrlIc08QSWUNQvyM+LpvI5QJS0lstztLen4f16SOQV5wLCjbZWFEVRWhcVQKVVQcoWN3xLqqqrycHWpl4C4IWQxkvl26x4Q0eWFYMO/H07W1vpW1ZQUiqpX8ggHpAUiENRWTnZ875s6lOGHSR1amV+jYiave158YSE2trYmF+RCJBRTzvezuh7Z+Dl5iqpyuSMbPpmw25aMHWMRNIyWJ6Wbz9As8cMqf9+c3hy+0CWAY4RWzfcS0NQB+NzRPjQR9GgS0dTyhfH8YM7ptKybQcoMjaJJg7px8d1/jh7sQj/94Xv876d6dWFK+n1Raspn9sQETtENI12TOLjCuEyEf0E2HdRSRkdlbSsaRuMau7brTMLYB1VVXF7mo8FYMlDX09Xsm6mDYz2tEzp2vH5gkwiiopzB1k2gLg37iOpKIqiXD0qgEorwzf+Rvf+niFBEi3bevCEDAhITM+m9XuPSMTnYuDG/9X6nYQpUTBIYeHaneTt7kLjBvUhb5YoRP0emjWeZo0ZLNJw56QRElVCJAt96yA3SRlZtJelBRIK+rG4bD0UVR/F27D/iKR+DWzN4tMckKrhfXtIahj9+CYP7Sf97JAShcwhLX4pID9GdFRo2pUEyBH6z6GPJQZW7IiIpjxuDwPLcob27k4+Hq5Uze2KtLPlZwej4mnfsZP0+NzJ9Mw9M6U/JdpsYFgXOT+PzJ5Ad00ZKen7Ib1CJeUL3J2dqHunAOrMUnjf9LGStkX0dNrIgSLCA/j7SBnj/CBVjb59SO83FmcDlIdj2rD/KGXnFUj0dvXOw5IKh9yjzs3Jo6IoitJ6qAAq1xykWtHnbvXuw/TzVz+hd5eslxSftdXFU8CIzCGljClRfv3mQko+nU3fu32KRL0enzeZjsQl06/fWkj/+uI7kQqkHf083Wn8oL60cN1Oeu7fH9Hbi9dJitfB3k7KnDd+KCWyFL7w38/pxTe+EAnE9y6Hft07SyRu+qhB5OhgR4N6dhVBW3DbmEumtZvkIgEuT1cXCmWZ+/cXK7jOn0n0DWnlpoDvQbAG9wyVfoiWdPTxoh2R0XLcGAwyol+YpIIfnT2RTiSm0ovcvr995ysZJNORz5cBjg99F7PPFtAr731Nv+FtkAoOQKSUdzhv/DDK5M8wxQumvsnJK6TeFxm0YZSHMn77ziL6zdtfyoAUyLtlxFJRFEW5tnQoKszV/IpyxSDSg0gexAfRGwyOQBoPzxHBw80daWHjOfroIbrkYG8rAxsgZuj/hpGiEAoDlIuBEZBApHtRHkb/omyA8jBoACldTGmCaJQhX6YpXUyDOnxZCDcdOEq5+UX0CMuONW+D/eUWFkk9HLkeXJTIB6ZRQbLVSAkjJYn3IJeN2X00TsTPiYUGIDI3akCYfBflmVLNpnZAnzekoCFFRnsZ+zjffthW3pJ2evaf/6OXHpsvI3KRHoWoou7oTwhQX2lrbluj3TA9zHP/+oheevxOEWxLpE68PaKjkDBfDzc5LryP+mG6FtQPUoiyjfbHiF78D0QNb4P2xj48WC5xvrBXfIYBKegLifc8XJzqj82YUkbaltsS5xv1le9weZWV1ZJGdmHJN8qTa4GP00ijQ7RRr+aE8nKp5uNaXFJMBypNfRwNHnV1o3B7h4sFYxVFUdoUKoBKmwIjflftPCSy5+/lLv3l/vfdZuoT2klGBF+qf96NBn+MBSzJL7zxOf3hh/fJYJSWAJFDZC87t4Be/t5dIp7KhagAKoqimNAUsNKmQHoY/dg+WLaJ3lu6kd78Zq1EsYb37X7Tyx/ANDYfLN8kU+s0HkxzMZAe37T/KN09dZTKn6IoinJJNAKotDkwSjjjTL6MzMU0NZjkGeneW8GLkNbF2sqoN0Yct7TO6BuYkplD48J7S7pZaRqNACqKophQAVTaLOjHhmhYe7ipo08k/pAt+1EqF6ICqCiKYkJDBUqbBTLUXm7oEF2VP0VRFKWlqAAqiqIoiqK0M1QAFUVRFEVR2hkqgIqiKIqiKO0MFUBFURRFUZR2hgqgoiiKoihKO0MFUFEURVEUpZ2hAqgoiqIoitLOUAFUFEVRFEVpZ6gAKoqiKIqitDNUABVFURRFUdoZKoCKoiiKoijtDBVARVEURVGUdoYKoKIoiqIoSjtDBVBRFEVRFKWdoQKoKIqiKIrSzlABVBRFURRFaWeoACqKoiiKorQzVAAVRVEURVHaGSqAiqIoiqIo7QwVQEVRFEVRlHaGCqCiKIqiKEo7QwVQURRFURSlnaECqChKu6WuqppqK6qoorySzp07Z35XURSl7dOhqDBX/1dPUZR2QUFZBX0UGUU7Dx2n0lOZVMfyZ8mo/mE0fVQ49evWmdxdnamD+X1FUZS2hgqgoijtgvjUTFq0cTftPxFPFZUNxc8SOxsb6hvaie6aOpJG9gszv6soitK2UAFUFKXNczzhFL26cCVl5ORRXQtTvV5uLvTsvbNo7KDe5ncURVHaDtoHUFGUNs3ZwmL633dbKP0y5A/kFZXQRyu3UOaZfPM7iqIobQcVQEVR2ix1dXW0cd9Rik/LvKJBHqdZ/jYfOk5VNTXmdxRFUdoGKoCKorRZCorLaO+Jk1RZVW1+5/Koqa2lHYej6WxBsfkdRVGUtoEKoKIobZbC0jJKzsgxv7oyUrNzKa+wxPxKURSlbaACqChKm6WsooofleZXVwaigCUVFTpPoKIobQoVQEVR2izVNVeW+m1McWk5qf4pitKWUAFUFKXNYm1lbX52ddjb2eqk0IqitClUABVFabPY2dqYn10dTvZ25meKoihtAxVARVHaLC5ODtTRx9P86spwdnQgTzcX6tBBY4CKorQdVAAVRWmzeLg4UfdOHa9K3ob06iqrgiiKorQlVAAVRWmzIHo3fVQ4ebg6m9+5PBBBnDx8ALmzSCqKorQlVAAVRWnTIIK3YOposrG+/AEhk4f1p2G9u2n6V1GUNkeHosJcnd1AUZQ2TW1tHS3btp/eXbLB/M6lGT+kD7306J1ka9M6I4mVC8HcijV8bpqaYxHCbmV17cW7uqaWcvOLqLi8gvw83cjdxZmF3/xhE2D7nPxCKimrIE/e1tfL/ZLbX075FVXVdCavUJYf9PP0IFdnB/MnitK6qAAqitJu2HLoBH20YRflnMmjusoL5wjEdC8YNHLnxBE0fXQ4WVtdnyRJfnEpPfbKG1RaXkmers70r+cepZCOvuZPz/Py21/S/hPx5ldEt40YSL985HayamQUb36zllbuOES1dXU0sn8Y/eyBOeTt7mr+1MTmg8fprx8vledIkz93/xw6HJNIv313kQhZJ38f+vj3P5bPDYrLyunvny6nfcdPyutH50ykh2dNkOcG+UUl9NJbCykhLUteo2pPzp9Gd04ecUF7rtt7hP71+XfmVw1B1BXCNHlof5rG9Qv285KVXf7y0VKKiE2SbaYM70+/fPj2BtHdjJw8+v37X1PK6RwRyEdmT6T7po25IAKczZK1etdhWrcnkvK4zsCK69ejUwDdPXUUDe/TXboQGOQWFNOqXYdoza6I+u1Rx84BPjR/4nAaN6hPg64Cl1M+1qxOzTpLizftod1HY6mEZRHY8I+PQWGIYI+ift1D9MeI0qpoClhRlHbDuCF96bbH76DgOyaR/9QR5Dt+MPmMGUiTp46kx+ZOop+xBP3l6Qdo5phB103+QHV1jUQp5XltLdU1ERHLOptPkXHJ5lcmYpLT6Ux+ofnVeaqqq+snrj4UnUgb9x+rL9+gwkKATWsln+Pv1dRH4yqqquRfS+rqzlFNTa35VcMyDI4npHKdisyvEOUj2nTgmETCGlNdU2N+diGoByTqKxb2//twMcWkZJCbsxON7BdGjuZpeY7EpVDcqdPyHECkth0+QadZ8IG3mysN79v9AvmLSkqj37PofrluZ72cAXwf5f2DJfeNr9dQeaWpDZIysun//reYvlizo8H2qOOpzDOy7T9ZZAtLSuX9yy0fP0xefPNzWr/vSL38AbT1wegE+sMHi+mr9bvM7ypK66ACqChKu8LWxYnc+nYjn7GDyG/SUPKbPJymTR9L9/Fj6ogB5CcpvYvk6G4QkAQImiUFLBxJza51bBI5LGWHyFIKi8q1BoIYeyqDisvOSwxANC4pPdv8qmk8XJzpjonD5XH7hOE0ekBPsrY23aISWcDeW7pBIp3jBvWmAG8PeT+/uEQEF+lSUFBcJsJktFN4zy4UGuQvzw0gVRAzlAlcnR1ln88smEljBvaSqCFkdcuhKNoRES2SB/mKTkqX7Z0d7GnuuKGy/YTBfeSHQi0fNyKziA5ebvk5LLlLNu+TCCPAsT04Yzz96O7p1KdrsLwHKfxm4246mXpedhXlalEBVBSlXdKBb8Qd0M/M1oasbayva8TvStjGwgAgEIiAQVGRMoZcIbJ0IecltrCkjN5avNb86toBUUm2qI+R4kQqGpG5i+Hv7U5P3TVNHj/ix2++dzc9e++s+vQ2BCw95yz5eLrRhCF9yYblEMK5Pyqe8gpNUba0nNwGEcE7J428IPp3pqBIIoQQO5SNdP8P7phKc8cPpR8vmEF9QzvJdjiGgzGJEoVMSM+SqCy2nz95JP3wzttk+59w/Yb17S7bo7x9XBdsfznlp2WfrY8SOtjZSkr94dkTRBqff2he/TyW6BvYOAKsKFeDCqCiKMpNTmxKBmWY05qdA3xp2siBZM1iA8lAGriotFw+a0jDNPKx+FO0dk+EfOdaUVBcSsnmiCT6uz1x+2QRNbA9Iro+UtcUiLpC1uTBQo5VXAaGdRHhA6g3UsvQwdsnDCN/L1MUMD41k46eTJFI57Kt++tTzVOG9acenTvKc0sQHXRggXZzdpSyQ4P9pe8nfgC4OvF7Hqb9gZKycpEzU4qcyMnRnsK4THwf22N6Ibw2IpWlZRWy/eWUj3o7Opi2xzGh7yfazNjey/38HJQYeKIorYUKoKIoyk0O0r9G37veXYJo5ujBLBWmZe6iWQDPFprShw0xRc4gUsZo2m8375Mo2rUi7lRGfV26B/nLQIdAHy95jfcjYy8vgpVfVEplFZXmVyRCZPz75J23yXFBDJEe3REZUz9Axt/LnR6dM0meNwYp1qfvnk4vPnYn/eKhefUROQDBhFAa9AwJFKE8V2eSZkiZfaPlBQ25A4gS+ni4Xlb5vfh8/vS+2bL9T+6bJYJvcCrrDKVm5ZpfYfsg8zNFuXpUABVFUW5i0J/uREKqpFERHeveKYC6BvnVywDSuxh0gM8bYpKWwb1C66NlGSx/l4rEXQ27j8bVRxjHD+kro2JDAs8Lza4jMeZnF4LjQN3w2HY4imV1L72+aDWVmgdFBPl6UUhHH3kORvTrQQO6h8jz1Oyz9PbidfXRP/QhREq5KSBs/fl7GByCtrGcJBwDTk7nmiKtSLPPGDVInl8Ol1s+2mhQz66yfXhYF3JyMA1wwQCbj1ZsoWJzdBfnfGifbvJcUVoDFUBFUZSbmMT0rPo+Ys6O9hTs5y0RJwwoABAuRL4aj/I1IoCIhmHQAqYQwZx7G/cflYEHrQ0ilBGxifIc6dyxXD9He3sKCfCtj5Chf57lKFdLss4W0N8+WSYPTDXz4fLN0r8RPomU6PfnT+VjOB99gwzPnzSyPgqI9DOAKI7qH1a/z5ayeNNe2nLguPQrBIggBlzlOtKWXE756B/4ry++k9Q/sLW1kf6G6COoKK2FCqCiKMpNCsQmVvr4lclrd2en+hTh+EF96ueFO3IyWUbANsQkGh34v9ljBtPgnqHyGvPkLdmyjyqrL5zC5WrYeSSGyipM05qEhQSSr6cbiyBJPzyMhAWmPoJNjwaGruJ4IHvoF4cHBlF0DfSjlx6/k8YM6Gna0IJeXQIbpEUhgxgg4mceJdwS0Cfwu+0H6KMVmyWKijrMHjtY+hmaFPrquNzyIcj//XoN7YyMkfOPSOEP59/WIJWsKK2BCqCiKMo1JjY5gyXgIC3fdqB+wEJLgFBhWhVjWhOkAdHHDHi6OVO/bp3leWVVDW3Yf0Sen8ekF+f4PyuWKvQvM0aUrt97RCYcbk0w6bHBmIE9JUIH0McNk1sDiGx8WmZ9FMySAB8P+sXD8+i5+2dLlBNgIMmM0YNobHhved4YT1cXGtG3u/RzBEi3jujb44J+es2BlPGa3RH0yapt8hzyOWXYAHp87uR6ub4aLrd8zAu4cO0O2oR5G1kWkU6+Z+pomaj7ciOainIp9IpSFEW5xuw6GiMRoA+/2ywrcDSeQNlShxCxM8DEwpbz/Lm5ONERFkhMB4KH5YhSpHaN/ncmGkoWBj88MGMci0QHEcrjCafMn5wHomjQlKSiRMtJqo3RrxiscNI8uAFRPzsbWxl1jDpiomSMnkVaGCno2JSm08CY5BlRzcksSJiPEQKJOmB1EvQPbApE/DzdXOtlEylSDxbjloI6Ys4+o59d767B9MjsCeRu0W9PzkZToboW0JLyLYH4QaQx5QsYP6i3rKBiTHytKK2JCqCiKMo1xs7GRqYSqaisorMFxRcMwsBqHoa84WZvRHty8otkBRCDtbsjZTk447Hl0HHzJ0Snz+TLHHznMSKA58Eggh6dA+V5U1E4L9fzU44gpWwMwDCo4mOwlDFPN9P2B6POT76Mw/jfd5vo5XdMdfzNO19RTHJG/fHFp56uF6KmgEDOGj24fjAEhBcjYRvK7Xmw/Xk/s9Tni4P5+v75+fL6/pVYKu9Xj843TQQu75hApM6YixD9LBFttQQybwzAQZTSiOy1tHyDwzFJMtm1kUYf0CNERge7WCxHpyitiQqgoijKNaZb54B6qTuRmEpH4pJlzVxEwrJyC2TEqzGCtaOPh8wLB/Ycja0XNZkbjh+IpBkPGyuWE3O5EKSGo2wvFCYfdzeaOnxAsxElzEWHvnsA5X28cqusUIF6YrJl9PPDwAyAumBKGkTpDrAAGhKEaBzqZFlPS4lKz8ljoTvTrNABpLcxETKAWC6VPoutM3IZ+8VglF++/ln96htIq//68TsllQxhMx5FLLsQN0cHe9murLKSjvP5w2cQekz4HJOSXj8Ax8PFiZzs7S+rfBzfjsho+uMH39RH/hApfO6BOby/qgbbYy1mRWktrF966YVXzM8VRVHaNLhNR1dVUUZtQ5kI55t2gI1Ni6NHl0uAl4dE5xDJgugdikmkqKR0OhidKAMEopLTRfTQ5+vOySMl+oPlxTAYAKt9AExtMmfcEBnhajyG9+sun2MELcA6whOH9KND0QmUkJ4tsoMBGUN6dRMJg4MF+nrKsmyyWoV8i6hLoB+NDe8looNoJNa+RX0wAhlpzIjYJNqw/yht2He0XvQwkGH22CEyr92qnYdFEjFKF+sozxs/rEE98SitqKTMXFM0E1KI97DChjF3H9LZs8YMlucAS7htj4iScjNZktH/sUtHP/On50GfQqSJ0a4YbALBNQadNAUmzf77p8saDEbBvIJIYWMuQSzPZjyiWPYQNcUEzFiLGG2C70Hw0Jdz7Z5IFvo0aWcI7mPzJstxXE75mDT6/WUb6ax5NRPg4uQgbb4jouH2CWlZNKxvD0l9K8rVohFARVGUawwiP1jWbFgf07Jh6Ox/ND5FInxYo9eIIE1iecMKFoiiQTAwcTBA37Z7p40RubF8TBsZLpMt29uapgfJySuymDj4fITNMtaGvnYPz55ITuaoliXYzz1TR9GQ3t1EaCBVmIpkz7E4iVwi2odIJkTtsTmTROSwEgn6KgJXZwepf+N64jFv/FDZBiBlbKQ6mwMSZwgh9vvJyq31UdKrAW2PuRUt2wTpWhwf+kVaPiB95ZXVtGDqGBozwDTtDr4POdt04JhMwg0hRlvdc9toGaxyueXjMyPyZ4Ao6/GEC7fHRNu1dVffBooCVAAVRVGuA+gv9+Jj8+nBGePIw9XJ/C7/jzDLA1aE+OXDt9NP758t0R8AyTDSpJgoGOnZxiAO1LNLUP1npRUV0mcQUSWjNxyico0jRj06BYiwGGB7oyddgLcn/fZ7d9OPF8xssCoFwJyCqCPW68WIW4grVhYxppTxdnOVpcyaYnjfsPp6IpUJsXSwO5+KbkpIMdchUrAA+4mMS5LnlkBa7exsJMLpgH8vMQJY0tHmtPmlQLtBxt1cHOnFx+fL3H3GaiQGQX5e0rfvUZZqjD6+3PJx3FYdWra9pNdbuK2iXIoORYW5lj9UFEVR2izVLFSLS4rpQGXDwQ2PurpRuL3DNUsBNwbilF9cKmlRLzdn6eiPaNrNBkb8FnI9i1jYEJHzdHG+Ket5PUGEDwNuMEAGEoyUujEKWVFuJVQAFUVpN9wsAqgoinKj0ViyoiiKoihKO0MFUFEURVEUpZ2hAqgoiqIoitLOUAFUFEVRFEVpZ6gAKoqiKIqitDNUABVFURRFUdoZKoCKoiiKoijtDBVARVEURVGUdoYKoKIoiqIoSjtDBVBRFEVRFKWdoQKoKIqiKIrSzlABVBRFURRFaWeoACqKoiiKorQzVAAVRVEURVHaGSqAiqIo15HyiioqLCmjc+fMb5ipqq6hz1dvp7cXr6OzhcXmd1uXfcdP0vbDUeZXNwYc298+WUaVVdXmd5onLTuXlmzZJ21zM3M4Non+/cUK+nD5JvM7146s3Hx6deFKqmzlNknKyKHXvlxlftV61NTW0fq9R+ifny2nVTsPmd9tmrKKSvnbqKtr9MehXBNUABVFUa4jh2ISaOHaHXxjbHgDP56YSkfjU2jm6MHk5uxIpXwzzMjJM396ZdTV1VHW2QKWBZNsFRSXUV5RiTy/UvKLSimvsOQCgQW42Rv7ao6q6lpKPp1NdU0V0IiKymrKySts0bY3CojsJyu30pDe3eTcXWsqWPxSMnPoHJ/bqwXNWlFZJddJOf97issFeJ582vT8ajmdm0frWABvGzGQRvQLM797IajD+8s20hf8t1FcVm5+V7mWqAAqiqJcJ6pqauh4QiptOxzFN8YC87smzhYUka+nO3UN8iNbGxuKT82kL9ftMH96ZVSwnCzffkAkqrXYd+Ik7TwSIzfsxhyISpBoT+1F5aRtRXcggBCmQT27UpCfl/ndW4Pi0jL6mOUVPxIsOZV5ht74eo351dVRWlZBjvZ21LtrMF/fbuZ3L2T17kiKT8ukEt6+prbW/K5yLVEBVBRFuU4UFJdSNd/chvbpTut2R5jfNYFoTIcO5hcMxCKft78aEDkrKimj6prWu6GWlVdSaXkFa9yFIhce1oXGhfcha6uL3VosDrINYLRCB8uTd4vg4uRId08ZRT4eDcUMKffc/CLzq6vnUk2TlpVLC9dup4dnTuAfP9bmd5VrjfVLL73wivm5oihKmwZxqeiqKspolH4Nt7enABuba64mUUlpIlCzxg6WtOHk4QPIwc6WNu4/SruOxlFqdq58fuRkCh3lB/ploVJBvt5UwtK1gbdbv+8oxaZkkCvfvD1cnaXM6OR0+c7+E/HUN7STCFhRaTl9vXE3nUhMFZEsLC6TOuTkF9LpM/lS1hm+yQf7+chNF33zmirfUmxQz91HY+X7iBo5crsdik6giNhk2nv8pER4Ms/mU0dvD8rl8lbvOkw7IqIlbVxcVkEHedtAX0+JgM4YPajBzR51XLnjIB3gbc4UFFEAl4HvoP6lZZW0geuF1Gegj5dElCChiESu2nlYjt3W2pq83FzI2vq8fG7cf4ysrDqQJx8HSGXRQHrRzdlJXqO9IOXOjg7yfO2eSDqZeprPiR19u3kvhXUO5HOQTWtY1iNik2Tbjj6eZMP7Aqif8RmigGiTkAA/rvMprlcE7YiMkW18PV3Jns9zTEo6ZXLb+fOxgfScsxSTnCER36837CY7W1taufOQnFM/Tw8+Bw5y3ndERst+4k6dFpmP5s+njwwnG4v2g4jGpZym5dv2y/mAxKHuVbx9Np8TRGdxPADChXPTo3NHOhSTSD7urqbzExXP59yJtvL5SUjPotraOjqWcIqsuE19WRJxLcSdypDvdAn0l7YFNbyP+LQsWrZ1P18HcVRYUk7e7i7SJkv5vThuU1yP6P/aKcBHvmOAiN9b36zlv4khUh8cO35IODnYm7dQrhUaAVQURblObD0URf26d6YuHX1peL8e9Z3iO/n7iDS5s5jgJtiTb9RBft7k4mhPoXyjRb89DJw4W1BMI/l7Ph6u9NqXK/mGnUApp3Poy3U75UbavVNAfbTFztaaegR3FNnp0tFPbryI2kHCkGIb1qc732zTae+xOBGX5sq3BPVEmhoRI8gE+o99tX6XpINDg/xFbiApmbkF9JePlsoNHzfzotIy+mD5JtlXcxHAj1dsYUE7K/VKSs+mJHMftGPxp0QmB/cOFTleuyfCLA3r6DCLyLA+3ahHp470JddjBQukJWgLCGt1jUn4P1u9jY7EpUhkFG2AASYYcPD5mu205dBx6tM1WORsMcvf0i37JXWO54G+XjSqf5i0dRbLlIEdC1gIt6u9rY3UAe2zlctZueOQpPJHDwijkyxMn67aJkJ26nQuJbJYGeTkFYkU5vP5/W77QZY8ljIuB9v+9ZOlEgVesnkfHWcJG9ijC3Xmfe1jwSoouTAyfIK3eW/pBrlu+oQGy4+CT1ZtpQyWzJTMMyJmBhD/zQePyX4iYpJE/gAEL8DbU47Djo+pZ0iQ/BBYxG2LPqnYfuO+Y7Kd2f0E/HD4YNlGOWb0hcQx4/pBn1Bcdy4s2GF8XQf4mMTXAOdgFYtol0A/6SMIbuLunm0OFUBFUZTrAKIx6OOE6FxCWhYNCutKe47FSmSkV5cgEShE0Ab3CqVhfbvzzTdQInADWaAiY5OolOWnP8sjol/BfJPH54ZAeru70p2TR9CYgb3qo1OIYg1hOfLhMvE9yA1urv26daYZo8JpBIveWN4enfQRSbtY+QaoZ0iALwuCNw3nOiJKE8zPp40Mp8nD+pm3Yuni43J3caL7p4+lUQN60h0Th/PxdjF/2vQdHpGnhPRMkZO7Jo8UeQUQiFljBomAjRvUWyKVkMKDMQk0kt9D9M6bhRXHDqmxHECAY85muUXkDlFLtDuOt5jb/BCLD6KFDny8cSkZ9MM7p9H4wX1o8tB+NHP0IPkMES54DqKckK47Jo2gIJZBA0T1+oR2IkduB4hPt2B/OpGYRrdPGC7lDO/bgx6cOV4iqhCxCznfFug3eQd/D3WYN34YJfP1cjo3n7JZQudPHCHHPn5QH5o4pC852V8YHVu27YAIJyKDo7nNH5gxTsS1KeqaOQc4XlyHaDd7W1saytfPdL5WIPg7DkfLD5Eibl9cQ1bmND8G6iBy+vCsCTR1+AA5T4/NnSwDhXDN9+ZrBtcxxB5lW4IfCqlZZ+i2kQM19XsDUAFUFEW5DiDCU8gi8t9Fq+lvny6V6ExxaQVLSaZ5i+bJYSlCFG3Z1gMScUO6EOlDTzcXibJAPJBGbArLeBsiYgFeHiI9AP9CPBDpar78i/cflJSsg6k8A/QfC/bzkigSgJSGBgXI8+YigI/Mmkizxwyhbzbtoede/VhSgcDf071eeAy5RYoY6cm1uyOlvohQQaY7+ftSZdX59D7E0IoPOotFY/XuwzRlxACJYkEIV+w4QBMH9+Xtq0QijTQxoluISEFwELn63h1Tyc/Lnd5bupFeeP0zSSM3B9KziLJ6up1PnUN+IIo5XOfGWMoqfhggggsg4aCsslKijOirB1CmH7eHvd2F5xrTw+D4jbQsuhYg3d4UJbzfS0XajLOEcmaPNZ0XDEzC+UA62ABTtyDV25XbzMDZ0V7a7EzBxQcfIV2Nke7LWV7f+XY9fbl+p0REMUq+NfutKk2jAqgoinKNQYoVqbs3fvk9+vC3T9OHv3ma/sf/fu/2KXSCRcdIUTYHIjJIxT17/yz6ww/vpRcevYPmTxpBj8yeyFJkJdEqs29cgOV9HvEsyz5yBhcv/+KRGYmSNdo5oofoh4ZoHgQS/fu2RxjzDzZtHidZLkYN7Elv/OJ7NC68N32+Zpu8j35uHSzzjQxECVG3R+dMpFeeXEAvP3EX3XfbWHpg+lhJXxsgijUgrAtt5X1j/sM5LDJIb0IG0zJzacKQvuTPQlxUVibpcExhA5lBv8VarjdkEa8Rxfv4d8/ISF9EDs81Y08QN+wTI70hd/j+0fhT8i8imk6OdlRQUiapXfRhtEyxow+jEVUzgPhi/4iSoQx8D9MF4YdDY3CcuMYQyYU84Zo7evKUfIZzeya/WEaFY7/os3jxkdoNzxIiiuiT+fHKLTSwZ5d6sQceLLuINK7aHSHHjDoi0oo+gT07B5m3uhC0tauzk0S4pd1YNO1tbFmEO0hfSOXaowKoKIpyjUGEY/SAXhTg0zAig5RqelYu5RZcfOLnUQPCJE327rcbJIL42sKVtP94fJORoMY044UNQJr2SstvitEDe0lfwlcXrqA3vl4rEyTjBm+i6RohzfrqFytpEaKP2bk0sn9P8yeN4K9D4p6+e7pEKjFdyb95P8u3728yCjq0dzdKzsihiUP6SZQPqW/0A7yXZRHRLUSq7r1tDH29cRe9/tVqiUQhXQvHg3St3H5Q5qdbtGEXn6ci6fPXWHgNcIxzxg2R6CXaEXXDwBakwhEJ7N6powzAePObtdKHEUJ2MZBGh6Qu3bKPy1tDb3PdEIUzonyW3DdtjAz4+M9Xq6T8T1dtlUgkGNA9hHylX+cqOb6yiqpLXheWn+N40TUBXQ3wY8ESRFi////snQV8VVfyxwfirsQIJLgGd3ev0lIoddnubrvW3e1uV7v/da+3W/dixd09QEiwEFfi7h7gP79578IjJCFoIZlvP2ny3rv33HPmnMf53Zk59/CNTEZOgdjvNW43cioRgkY+a1NAKD/BAv6pu6dc+Jk/dZTklj44bbSGhG8B7UpL8hu/lVEURWll1PGsvry8jI7UXOpBedzFlQbZ2bdILF0LmXmFki8HEWAJwphYlYuJtbq2ViZmeFoAPDnIOzNyzuBJQygT7yG/Dwn1CFFi5wR8hhWwDYUJcrcQPoYQwISLR8JgAYRRDyN8h3PhEWqs/IbAmwcPGMQUBBJyGI1QKxZn4FmHKA+eoDQWUgg3IpTs7uwkK1oRwkQeHkQczjFAPZAzhvbAHljwgM8ty8f1UD98jtfIj0NOIMKnWJyClaeNgRXEyNHD56j7hv0RNHlYPwn9AtgJZcFWWDyDVdcIiwf5d5DQOAQkPFZYIIJ6Y9GHAeyWzuIHuZCoB4RjUVm55MBh4YSPh6u0GZ5XXAeeOfzAHrDLufPnpB4IhSKUD3AcVoAjrIqQMuqGc+ApQ3kYJ7iepf0AbCchan4bK3uxQrpXcIDkDsJOyIOE9w5eUiz8QC4nwvWoB9oBgYv2oS+QO4lQOIBQfeHv79MCFpkzzIs1GoKxhXqi/1GeLwtr2AMLhQpKyymAb36aEs4GOBcLYtC/V/I8K9ePCkBFUdoM35YAbMtAEF1h3r8AJiMItIbC5nqBuIEYMWj42gDXb+zKqBM+u9p6NVfelcRQQ650zq/e/kq8rndNGH7hmr95+2taMH0MDegRZH7n2sDjfz5eu4s+eeWFS8K/yp2NhoAVRVGUm8bV6BwceqPFH2go9hoTf6CpK0N4XUu9mivvarnSOQtnjJPnHu46GinPRfzX52tlMQY8gNcDvMSbDx6jB6aNUvHXylABqCiKoih3OAO6d6bnH5wl6QZY5NG/eyd6fsFsCf1fD3iIN57BiMfLKK0LDQEritJm0BCw0trBY4EQLr5RiyiQp1p/7ux1C0nl9kM9gIqiKIrSSsBjgW7kClosXlHx1zpRAagoiqIoitLGUAGoKIqiKIrSxlABqCiKoiiK0sZQAagoivItgwf/rt4TJjtwpGbnmd+9esJjkugvH39DGXmF5nduLHjY71quJx4G3RKwNRh2QSksaX6nE0VRbj0qABVFUb5lth85RVtDj9GI/j3Iw+XibhbYtxUC6q8fr5TdKPCMt/+wSMRWZljpaQl2yXhr2SYa0D2YXJ0cze/eWGr4GglpWVRTU2t+p3lQp4T0bKq6wpZniqLcelQAKoqifMvg2W0DegTT2IG9Wbw5mN/FCkwr2Y4sNjVDvGm+nu6yNVl+SSkLQPNBZgpLy2UT/dljB5OL4+VbuCmKoliiAlBRFOVbBvvzNrbRg72tDQ3u1YWcHU2isG/XQAow7w3ckHPnuAz+3U6fZqgoSguwevnll14x/60oitKqOcc/UbW1lHG23vSGmUF2duRnbX3TpVPcmSxatesIxadly2b+eF7bsZgk2hMRRfnFZVR/9qxshO9ob2c+w8TGAxE0tE838vVylzw/bLbfJcD3wvZgkYlnaN/xaP6dJkLS39tTtgWDgNwVfpr8+Dxs47VpfwSFRSWSJ5+fmp0vm/9jw1qc5+/tIdudlZRV0uHTcRTo403t2rejuNRMWrcvTELQXm7OFJOSQSHdgy6IUgN4JHcePUX7j8eQNbfL292VqmtqZVuyID9vCj0VRyf4b7TBaF9xWQWt3nOEopMzyJ/fj2X7gDyuV3RyOhWWVMj1/bhudfVnuR5HuYxUKQNtrqs7y7ZwouraOtoSelxC6fX158jX002eX4cQOs45lZBKDna20m5FUUyoAFQUpc3wbQnAs+fO0bq9R+mLTXsooIMH5RQU09eb91NnFkaV1bUsZlJF/Pl6uFOQvw85O1wawr2SADzDYi4xPYdSsnKpEwvLnkH+9If3llFSRg6VVVSxuHOnv3+6mnKKSlgI2dDm0GMUejJWPI8QRpv49ZgBvcjayooy8gro8417aPKwEBFsH67ZSW7OTlLOuv3hsjPEyP49LhGAhSXl9If3l1JsSqYI0PV8HBai9AoKoAMnokXgAoSxZZuybp1lYcgf3l8ubYC4W7nrMIvFZK6/t7Tnqy37RGy6m0Xbnz9aQVVsK4jSDVz+3mPR5OXuIvvd/v3TVZRVUER+nu4shKPEFv27daIPVu9gEVjD9Xekj9buZOHaWWynKIqGgBVFUW468J59s/MQ/erJ++mZe6bRzx+9h56bP4O+3LSXhvftJvl/EEULZ44T79XVMozLmD9lFHm7udCTd00R75vx/q+enC8CLJiF5e+ffZCeu38G/fyxe0WUNok5v3Dt3jB6ZNZ4+h7X9fkFs+jxeZOojoVqQ5Zs209ebq70p+8vkrb94TsPyY4UpSwaq2pqaRG360eL5tIT8yZTPYu9kvJKem/Vdsl5fHHxXfT9B2fSL5+4Tzx5Bshp/PVT8+nBqaNoJdtu/OC+9Oun59P3H5hJP3hoDtXU1YqA3XboBLfblR6bO4kmDu1HC2eME4/fkdMJVF5VTXa21jSQ7fu7ZxdcsIuiKCoAFUVRbjrwhnm4OIl3y2Bon65UUV1DZSxSbhYQPvDIncnKEw+ijbW1vN+BhVDPoAD5uyEQYYY4LCguo05+3hc8jYE+Xo2GUVMyc2kYlw9vIujo40mPsyDzcHEkdxdn8XQivGxt3V5Cs3jsTcKZLBa+QWTV3jQNIUwNkWrQNcBXwuE1tfWUXVBMY0J6XTgW5XXs4CViEqFzfL5s20ER1PCWwoOK8Pbi2RNEsL62ZAO9uXRjix9foyhtARWAiqIoN5kAbw8RgUWlFwVIVFKaLNhwbZBLdyNBDiDw8XSn00ln5G9Qf/achGsBwr6VLEQNrx9WJFeaH/OCMG9eUYn8DcorqyXc2xCsTj7N7TGA12/b4RMiuGxtrKi9WbgBI8wewCIx/oypDgBh4GQWkgb2dqa64zdWRp+MT5HXoKyiWsLEyKF0Y5EJT+dPHp5HP3vkbvrRwrn03fkzae7YISIg4XH943cXkROLwpU7Q80lKIqiAlBRFOUm06OzP80aPYj+8dlqeZbfql2H6c1lm2jx7PFkZxZpNxOEh8OjE+mLjXvp0Kk4en3JesnHA1iMUldXT1sOnaC9EVG0JzyKasyh2FmjBtGKHYdo37FoWdzxwZrtVH/u8hDwguljZFHGR2t3yOITPLcQIVhTvp0h+S7lqbunyLHw2B04ESt5fLV1jT8vcMH0sbKY4xuuy4ETMfT60g109vw58UxOHtZf8gqX7wilo1GJ9NaKzbTp4DGytramv3y0gnYcOUmFpWUiht1dnMwlKoqii0AURWkzfJurgAf2ND2gOT23UEKhd08YRkN6d5XP4MlCeBWLPBoDIrF7oJ8seEAYF94zd2fHC6FZgMUR8JR17WhaHOJgb0d9ugTKuVgpO7hXV1kEgtDooF5daMLgvhLeRdi1G5edlpMvonDcoN7Um8/DIhMsKIHnDIsqEBqeNLQf9evamTpyXbGq2ACLLIb37c5Cq4IKSsok9Lxg2hhy4Gs7cp0DO5iOh8fTwd5W2oofXDclK0+ui0UoI/r1kPcRLvfz8pBQL+jYwZN6BwdSdkGReBWRO5hXVCqri0f270n9unWiispqCQXDTvPGD5NwNGyB/EvsrtLZrwPNHjPklghuRbkTaFdakt/gcaKKoiitk7rz52l5eRkdqbk07+5xF1cWgfY3VQAamJ759+08rQ+7h+D6Ri6dJXgfz3KxDNcaIGRsxQLTUnA2hpR/jsu3anlwCfmGKBc5go1RW19Pr361nqaOGEBDWLjiGrX1Z+m5P79LP354njwn0UCehYh6ml8DrK7G+xDOV6i+orQpNASsKIpyC4HQ+bZ0CIRWY+IPoF6NiT+AFb1XEn9Ayr8K8QdQn6bEH7Bl4YbFM1jEgecnllZU09vLN4vXEYtILGnfQPwB5DiK91HFn6JcgnoAFUVpM9wOHkDl6oF3ErmCeP4fnkPYO7ijPFLG002f6aco14oKQEVR2gwqAO9sEA7G7h+O9rYt8kgqitI0GgJWFEVR7ggQDsZCGBV/inL9qABUFEVRFEVpY6gAVBRFURRFaWOoAFQURVEURWljqABUFEVRFEVpY6gAVBRFURRFaWOoAFQURVEURWljqABUFEVRFEVpY6gAVBRFURRFaWOoAFQURVEURWljqABUFEVRFEVpY6gAVBRFURRFaWOoAFQURVEURWljqABUFEVRFEVpY6gAVBRFURRFaWOoAFQURVEURWljqABUFEVRFEVpY6gAVBRFURRFaWOoAFQURVEURWljqABUFEVRFEVpY6gAVBRFURRFaWOoAFQURVEURWljqABUFEVRFEVpY6gAVBRFURRFaWOoAFQURVEURWljqABUFEVRFEVpY6gAVBRFURRFaWOoALyNOX+eKCu/iH/zH7cRVTW1VFhafs31qqs/S7mFJVc8H8fgWreSorIKqq6tM79SrpZi2O8W95miKIpy9agAvAXU1tVTWUW1CDqD2vp6KmIR1RwQSG8u23TbCZK4M5m0atdhqj97zvzO1QFh9+HaHWKX5vhk3S6KSc4wv7o1bNgXTvFnssyvlKtl88FjPD7UfoqiKLc7KgBvASfjU+njdTuojkWfAYTN799bZn7VNBBL587dXh7AGhak8PRcswfw7FnKLy6lK52dX1JGVbW31ptUUl7B7VMP1rVSUlGpHlRFUZQ7ABWAt4Bz589J2NMSvFdbpxNlQ/71xRo6mZBqfnV9/PmjbyghLdv86tvhJ//5WML4txu/efsr2n882vyqbXGurp5qCkqoMi2HSmNTqDQqiaJOJ9DxuBRKzymgyuoa85GKoiitFxWAtwnwqqVk5ckEVH/2UrEI8ovLJOSaV1RCOeIVhICsp+TMXKqoqjYfZQobI7ScmJ7NvyvM75rIzCvknyI6y+c2RlV1LaVyHSqqauTvssoqeR/lo25llRevY4C64npnzeHg0ooqqRN+W1LPAjgjt5ByCoql7g1B+/OKSqm6po6Kud6VfH2B21NYUi5ttvQ4XsleYOboQeTr6UblXH/LcHM5t8N4De8qys6Wel3uk8S1M1nA4Rpok6V3C30BOzcmGHBNtKeu7qyUYdwAIKcR9kF/NudBxTkIRSPXEuC8kvJK+RvAnnnFpfI3yoYdkjNzxC4G8LLWcDtRD8NG6HuUjfajPPSdpT2A8Roe6+IyHFMhx8Lri/Ib649LOU8F3D6MN0ub4nCMv7Ts/Av2wOcYV8gbPMPvNzU2bxTxZzIpfO1uSvl0HSV9sJLOfLmJzizZQh9/8A39/NVP6eevfUavfr2BjkYnNjoeFEVRWgtWL7/80ivmv5WbRAZPhAksFHoFd+SJtU4m8zSesE8lnKG7xg+jFBYEbyzZSPtPxFDoqVgWIyXUs7M/2Vhb0/p9R2nmmEEyKSVlZNOybQfp4MlYOsez6afrdsvx0cnp1Cc4kBzsbXniSpK8wYiYZNp08BiXYUVdAnzo0w27afvhkxTFxyZl5FCPTgFka2NtriFROE94//pyLR2JjJfJD/WNTc2gIH8fem/VNopKSqONByJ4Ujwn18FkPbJ/D9p59DSd5Hb0CgrgMpK4nuvlfFzLwd6OgvnaECJvr9hCG/aH09GoBMpisZVbWEozRg0iaysruf7pxDT6cO12iknJlHZ6uDpTbEoGVbHgWL03jLYcOi6iaXCvLhfstTvitNQXoqInX9+yPeDdlVupW0c/2hMRJeFmiEHwzc5D1N6qPfl4uNGaPUfoM7bNgROxdCoxlfvnLHXt6EP+3p7yGdp+KDKOEs5k05HT8WRt3Z58+byvt+ynT9bvlj48zHWAndxdnKhdO7kEbTt8gpZuOyC2Rnv6dAmkEhaQ//liLYWejKPtR06IoOzfrfOFcwAE0M6wU/TBmu3iCcXfbs5OIjJfX7qJpo0YwMe3kzGwdvdRGtQrmD5as4PW8TiJiEni8RAntnBxtGcx87mMvR1cxoAeQeTkYC+C70M+/lTiGenDzPxCOpOTL2U2tA8EH/pt3/EouSnYEXZSxsXy7aG01aI/LAk7nUCRXDb6C9fNKiiigT27sHCuFVuu2BnKdkygk/Ep1LdrJ8mFRXlruI/X7z1KYwf1lnreDPbweHn1q/WUwmP5LLenMWBn3Fgc4+8PRHzD9imKorQW1AN4izgRl0rP/vFtevyVN+Xn75+uEg8LPEqYcPt170z/99xC+vVT8ykjt0AmSYg8gX/lFBZTWFQi/fF7i2jO2KEsWvbQlBEh9Mp3FognJjEzWyasD1k4LJoxjo9bSD979B5ax5MqJr5QFgw/WDiHnr1vGnm5ucjEayCLMlgU3DV+OP31hcUiShEezGORBo8dhNV37ptOz9w7jYrLKy54RjBRruS6jw7pSdn5RfRvFpC49l+eX0yPzJlIby3fJIJhPQs/q/bt6S/ff5hefnK+eBeLyi5dANOf2//bZxbQkN5d6Kl7ptLYgb2pPZ8DcfvzR+6ml5+4n9buCROPG+zVg0UOyvuV2KtQ2tfQY5OdXyweKwgZYzUxjoAIgscp9kymiNqfLL6L/sbt7spiEQIVQOwt236QfrxoLv2V29PBw5V2HY0UIbQ7/DQdi00W2//huYdEXH3E4tXSpjNZ3P7+Ow+xMOxAP374LvL1cqc/f7iChvXtTn/+/iJ66bH7RNyhLEtyWPzjOrD1K88u4N/TaRPX0c3JkYpKyiiSBSfYGRbJwiqIDp+KpwoWLb95+gHu84epH4sqLGQx3WTki+fuhQWzycPFWc7zZGH9o4VzqVfnAFrIffW9+TNlgVJj9oE3NiEti+6ZMIKmjxoogg/j8kW218tPmvoDAtMSeIvhqf7l4/fRn7h/opLSeZzk0uc8XjEWYMv/++5CsrOz4ZuFdeI5PpmQIjcQf//hI9LOmwHq/Z8v15k90JeOk4bg+1TAtoaA/4qFvqIoSmtEBeAtYljfrrTiHz+ntf/+pfz8iYUchBXECcTR5KH9ycnBTsTZlOEhFB6TJGE+SxZMHyNepuCADtTJ14smDO5Lrjxh+nl7iFjbfzzG5FFr145Oxp+RSaxroC8V8IQe0MGT3lu5TbxKw/t05/MczKWSeIN6BwfSpKF9yd7OluvajUb278kCrB25OjtSVl4Rrd0bJmIKwgbeIoQmX/nfUlo8e7x4GOGNC/b3IWtrK1n0AuCVhHiBt++BqaOlLA9XJ5rBYsIQJAawgb2tDVlZtRe7WPNvMHlYf6k7rtHRx1M8mBA1Hdxd6TSLi8T0HApkWxxlcdxUKNgSTO7G/L9+b7gIG5SNdj8wdZR4z8Cu8EiaP2W0eG0d7e1o4cxxFOjjJX1yOimNxVewhDIjE9NYHLqJCEXI0wB2QHtgQztuz/HYFLLj1/OnjJJrBfl7i8jbGXbSfIaJ1Ow86tulE/dHRzmud3CAeOYgtB6cPlY8i8hrrKypoQlD+lJoZCwFeHtKWBl2h+cUNwtGuHj2mMFyPjzBAH2HeqBetjZW8je/dQFL+wBvtvPQPl1FOOLcKdwfnf28L/SHZZuBLZc3jsU7BK83j2Ucl5ZdIF7hqTyusUI4JiWDBvYIFu9pfkmpjIWJQ/uJHVGfGw1Wrb++ZIOI96sB4nTN7iPS34qiKK0NFYC3iHb8X3ueQDHxGj8GCPtZ5lNJHpTFa4OuHX3lt5TT7mLXWfFrnI8SIdIQci1k8YcfnDOYxcpPHp5H00cOEDH35vJNkjNmyXnx/ZiwvLS/lwd974GZ5McTOjyJbyzbRGUVVeJF8WFhgTCm4VGB98e4Ln4G9ewiEz2aesGbyTTStCbx9XQ3/8Xiwtqar3WOaurq5Hl9xnW83V1o9IBeIh4vg68N4QJvKy5ryn0z50a241ZfUq8GFbN4DTEAj6RhJ+TFQVjj+siZu3vCcHJiodgUXAUp31LUN1wYZHD23Fk6b7YpzjHZ7jxNYsEHeyPcO2lIPxFLsD28soYtIIIh3p3NYVSItCvRpH0YTxZnlqIMYtzA6A9L8J6L08UQLoT8+fPnpP3IRTTqCS/wY3MmkY2VtYhLO5sbL/wAPOwb90fIta8F3OhsCT0uY1tRFKU1oQLwW8bDxUkm2FW7D1MuT1Lw5Gw7dEImcXiRLIHAaw6EYp0d7cWDNrxfD8nBg/eitLJK8gLh3YJQgbettOLiggKEDZPSc2gDT5QQMwdOxEgoFMLjRHwKHY6ME2/j4tkTJKyIUDNEF0KneyOi5Bh4dzBJQrAM7dNNHvVyLC6ZBvfuIkJxxfZQWWgBcbo59NglIqM5Goo62KuTr7ecP4Sv062Tv4QWIXQg0BoD5yBkW1peSSfiUiSfESCUvvtopHik4DH7ctM+Ss7Ikc/g6YLXE55YeGm/2ryP0nMLWLBYsbANppyCIhHFw/t1l8UgaDe8t02BcyCOPtu4h/KLysRj+cm6nTRn3BDzESYQMoaHD30AsYfcRCyK6ezXQcbJ8L7dxKOF/Dn0I4Qg6t67SyDbuqusOIbNHOxMYhQ3C1eiKfuAhqc3KrItwPHtLG5OgLOjA40d2EfC+V0D/SQfEuPS0d6W3JwdL7vGjQR9Bw/3tS4uQb8ifFxQ0vwzOxVFUe40VAB+y2BSR2gXE8x3/vwO/eL1zymke5BM9JaTN4RHO7PAgccGk78BhA9+nFj8PTd/Jq3efYSe/MOb9P7qbbISFgsNsCjgu3/5H730xudybscOXuazTV62Z++bLos0Fv3mv7R6z2EaxMINxyHseZgnQDzO5Pm/v8/16iHhPeDPvx+aPlbEq72tLf366Qdo48Fj9PQf32bxdJQenjleJn+ITkzAz/3lXfo+l4EwNkKV14JhL6xO/d5f/0e/4PagjhCFTemI8YP7UGpmHj36u9clp6uL2ZPamwXx3PHD6LfvLqHHX3mDcljIDWW7g2F9utMjLHj/9vFKeoJtCXE0sEeQKJwJLLrGDuojC16e/MNbkpc4jl83J44QRv7NMw/IopCn//Q2vbFsIy1k+4zs19N8hAnYdO64oVzPfbT4N6+y8NxL900eKWITYGyMGdBLBDiAAEXbf8l2gN0RKh7KQtDSw3wlmrLPjQJVWcRtHcL1+v3/ltCP/vWRhMcR9r3Z4KYEXu/roYBvWnDjAjGoKIrSWmhXWpKv/6rdJiAkCM1nrIy9HpDEb2dne4koQtgSITEsaDBy7BoCDyByESEyDRAWxEOZne3tydX5Yu5gU+B4eC8bep+w0AChazvbS1frXisIP9bVn2uyvGf/9A79+OF54uHE3I3H2ljmPhpgsYMVqxQbm4vlYGUxPKnwjqFfbGysWGx+QfezGIMAM4A9Eb5s0NRmQXkQi1fyzuFROPCSWQLb4poN2wFvbW1tPdnbXVsotTn73EhQT4TTjZzEmw1yNH/874/Mr64dLFyBh93ye6EoinInox7A2whMijdC/AEsIGg4VWEBhr+3e5PiDyCE3HCSgxAK8PZokfgDOL4xcePAdbpR4g/A69lYeciDxKIM5MbhUS8A1WlK3EA0WYo/gLD33z5ZSUmZObLgAotZKqtqRExaAk/W1WoC9HNLQrMNxR+AbRtrB8q7VvEHmrPPjQT1vFXiD9Sfvbgy+3rA42H0TllRlNaECkCl1YGVwgixzhg5iLzModKrZdaYwbLK9o2lG+lXb30pOXI/fniu5Kwpdw7WVjfmhgMh/KvU+YqiKLc1GgJWWh3IN0SYFZ7O6/Goohx4E8+eOy+PcsGDua/W26d8u2BBzQv/+KBFjwhqjn//+Aka0DNIRaCiKK0G9QAqrQ4sXkFo9nrD6SgHnh8soEHoVcXfnQc8ttiN5npA+oOXm7OKP0VRWhUqABVFabW4uzjS0N5drjnvEPmwWGntyQJQURSlNaECUFGUVgvC9thzGruMXAt43A7OhydYURSlNaECUFGUVg22rnvmnqnyIO6rBc+w7NnZ3/xKURSl9aACsJVRVlkte6zieXEtBTt0YJXrte6W0BbAA5yxK8jNIoLLTsnMM79SbiQI42JF9yvPPSRb2V0pNxSPF8Ljg15YMJsWzRwn5yuKorQ2VAC2MorLymn/8Wh5EHRLOZOdRzvDTskDepXGOZWQSjuOnDS/uvHsDIukyMQz5lfKzWBEv+705xcW0/DJw8khoIPp4YcN6NLRR0QfHvx8z8Th5ncVRVFaHyoAm+B4XDJ9uWmv+VXTfLFxD8WnZcnfX2/ZL+fdCizrh317V+wIvapHXZyMT6V/f7HW/Kr1sIOFLJ4DeCM4HBlPn67fbX51bUA4bj10QnbaaAi2edt1NNL8qu2y6eAx2nssis6du/lPpPLz9qBek4ZTp4dmUrfn5lOXp+6Wn+8+v4je+sWz9IfnFtLiWeOpeyc/9fwpitKqUQHYBNirNtD34n65TZFdWCxbnIGOHTyveY/bq8WyftjCK68Ie5XKyxZRXlVNaTkF5letB19PN3lsy42grKKScrh/r4fyqhoqKi3nvy7vnJzCEioqqzC/arsUlpRRSVklW+jmC0DQ3saabD1cxAvoFNxRfrp160w9gwLkkS945I+iKEprx+rll196xfz3HQc2aEfuFHLeIH7wzC/sNVvMk+rR6EQ6Ehkv+9/ifTtbG0rOyKHM/CJKzcoTDxjmG3tbW/HguTo5Sm4QxFzcmUyybm9FePCXn5eH7L2akJ5Dh07FUmp2vmyXVlFZTRGxSXydJCnH08204wS203JxdJBJH3l1YacTJS/Phd9HHbBZfyb/JGfmUjjXEV4Gd2enC5v34/qxqZlSDvbTxYOIIe4c7ezkGGxJFZeaJZMUJkzsFxt6MpbScwtN+8tyvdFOV24zys8rKiMvrpsxqcHLgvLDohKk3T4smErKK0XIBnh7Ulh0gtjMkwUmHp2BUPKJ+BQKPRVHGbkF5ORgT44N9gpOy8mXPEKUl8LtwvVOsH1DT8ZRFtsb9nLATgp8DrZng01OJ6XLw5pLWGShzfBeos9iUzKlTNgQz+FD2QdPxHKdMwgBatilpq6OjselyrZi4Wx/CFl3Fyd59h+ELWxVf/acfAYbwZOHNnm4OItNi/lv9F0Ef45cyTweR9ijFm1Ds/AePj8Wl8J2LRAb5bJYK+Q+xT7KqGcNH+Pp6iLHF/D7sPVxPh5hdNjCiq+DMQYPYEZegTxI2p/FBeoMex/nsXHkdIL0L+wFryUeWYJyUQ760p37EJII5aENGOvob7QVq1vxWsri41FGWUUVlxlPJ9k2tWxbCGEcZwDbYExiTGMsYSzEsL3RJoDvDfbOdePxGMdjBH1ewOIMdcrhOuAasPVhvkZecZl8X9C3lqB87CcN22OM47uHFbQoA3mUGKspWbkXtrTDOEGdS3kcwO6dfb0vfBduBhhDUbW1lNFgi7hBPGb88KBv82tFUZTWzh0rAOPOZNGbyzbxJHaO2vGEsTn0uHhrgvw70Cfrd8lEiYkbYg+TUo9O/rTt8AkJldraYM/U8/TZxr3U2a+D5Hb5erjLIx8g/pBDh/1ftx8+SRMG96V1+47SvmNR4nXDhIgwIyZDTHQ4HmIp2N+Hlm07SLa21rIP74drdsjesd48uUbz5B7Gk31I9yA6yBPgV1v2i1ix53qs3x9BnXy9+NqmSRiC4Out+6kDv/b2cJOJ9/ONe6h3cCALFDue9JPpOAuyCp7Mtx06IXvTQhyV8uTfsYOHCE3k80EMoL6RialUwJN1j87+PLG2F6GTnV9MienZlMmisV+3TiK+IEbyWWg6s/A6cCJGBBTyoZZsPcAiIUPEC66x6WAEBfp4SfsNEMZcwnWGCm/PwgUCAUIQ+w5DCO8Kj6QubB87tsvbyzeL3bCvcHRKOq3efUSEyob94dymGhYnbix2EqQfE1kwfL5hj/QLhBvaBXtAbL+2ZIPY3plFW1RSGrcnhwawfTccCJc2ov5//XilCCSISdQBNwzBARgfu0UQog0J6Vm0fHuojJUuAT4iUmGP1Kx8SmOxX1RWTn27BvLvSqlXXX29iKpVu45IPSCAPua+rqqpY3s7SV8v23aAugf6yRiEeIPwgrcWYw0CsIpFfDqLwhg+1o5vQHAs2hLJ7YCghDDGOB3YM5htXk2frNslK1jxLLqTLChhW4Qo31y2WUSgEwuss9zmD9dsZ6FpI2Pg4MkYHvcpNLR3VxGTBv9buU1sgLZHsQj/YPV2Gjeotwgy2AU3SOks8nAj4OvpzqKwktbtDZPxMrJ/D7bpNxTE7chjQYwxg2fkWd4M/O2TVSL0IFLRdoS/h/ftzv18mPZEnBYveXlljYR9XVlo1rEQg+jH2ET7urEt8PfNQgWgoiiKiTs2BLxmzxHqw6LosXmT6cGpY+i5+2aIqIIXChPiQ9PH0PSRA2kB/4bXDEKQ50iZmBbNGEfzp46m3kEBMll16egrOXUQDcdYYPUK6njhuV/wWCXw5PfgtNF0/+RRtGjWOJo6PEQm/xmjBsrEPjKkp4glw3GBiRGC6eHZ42nm6EH06JyJVFhaxhNyknhd+gR3pPlTRtPdE4eLgIOXywAirzuLVaw4PctCJDY1i2JSM+WY89wAeIL6sSBBW0FvLmsQCwWIl5mjB/PE7iyeLCSwzxs3lOaMHSKTOryYAF61AT2CaGifbiIQ0RaIAYimh2dPoHsnjaAxA3qJB6iQRRJys2BHCInxg/uIED0ak3jZghGI4MV8/qAewSLSpgwLoSG9cE5fcmDhB69ZeFSiCDLYA/V6eNZ4sRMEBEQSPKNYffngtDFSJ+RXThzSj+7hOs3ltnz/gVkUwWI+t6iEhXIt3TV+GNtxFM3msiCg6husYob3En1276SR0g8Q39kFJdJPC2eMpdljBsv56EOMDQN4atHWgWwniN1R/XtyG2zYRufokdkTucyR8tlRbg/EmIuTo5Q3i+1/H38GDxuYNLSf2Lk3jyfcSMD2AHafPLQ/dfLzpj5dAqU/ICo7sNBdNHM8LeD2Q8TFcpuQ34mwNsoa2KOL/MYYz2dRDyAEF84cJzcoEJjTRgygYXxN9CPGdAyLbAOIvNHctxB+GEsrdobyzQq+M9ni3dwbEUXjBvamMyx88f2YO34o3cfloK0QrvgpZEFczWJ3Co+bRTPHXiL+AMQm+vzeiSOkn+HZO8GiFTdhz9w7TfoR9oM9vtq0l0b26yGPWcH3APa73t1bFEVRlJZxxwpAhObg8UFoDSGjoIAOMtnDY9GBJ0xDwOE3xAm8P5j0ugT4yqSHyQzhqdq6OhYqXWSCgncH4c6+PCkb01pNbb1cw9vNVbwz8MSMDunVbJI4cpowuSO8DCDq/L09ZWJFXeHxc7Q3fQYPEoSnAcoc0ruLhPXgCToWlySTOl4Xl1eJ0IEIaw4IBrQNoA6o5ZUS7AN9PMmDxTGAzeAFy2bhiBDu60s20G/fWUK/f3epeEVr2SaomyUQzbAr2oLQ56tfr5dz/vDeUglJQmCkZOeJB8jB3HYIQ3i/0OYXH76LfL3cxWuHxSnw0EFc9QjyvyCc4CFCuyAiUUeIX5wLW549d/kCGAjhrizM0U0I8UMEw4OLhwJDYAF4B/35uk105SVAZKO/cE2cDxGKcQV7G+MNYU28vhZgQ4w1iCjcxEDAIuwOD+sf3lvG9vyaXvt6A53Jyr/wyB7cBCFUD/GMm4P/e3+52P3fn6/lfm9H+SXIP7zIgO6d5Vh40DEeH2ShB+8evHMh/Jm7q5P0oyePBZgEdYEIhihGu3/+6L0Ssv3+39+nFTsO0fkG4wp9ij7GOIfgxPiDtxD9Zni5UWYv7rtUHg+KoijKt8MdKwAR0j14Klby6xA2RRhw44EICujgQalZueIlgpcqj38jFNWRJzFMSvDkXMQ062OvUHjOEJ7syEII4UADiBUIB+RxQfQgfIkQMcJkEJSNgQkQeYnw+kFIIdkfnsZeQQES3rLMy2oMhNjwvDKElCF28DBabGoPjwnCaRAZzYGJFwL3ajDEqiWd/b1F9Pzi8fvozV88Q/958XH62aP3iJcLIsESawkzmsQYwoK/evJ+euuXz9C/fvI4/eKJ+2jhjHHUj4U1RB0WPkDAIOcMOWCwEfrxiXmT6H+//i6LK3s6cCKa+nXtLHmEyBFEfhjCvIUsaOAdhAf0YhsbbyvqAtECjCMgzpCHCVECryfyK1NYUDXRlZdgiLwL8EnImzyTky8CF+UhVxCvr4XLymcQup81ZjDb8Qmx5x+/t4h+950FchMBEBoHEI+jQ3rycY/RGy89Tb97dgG99Pi9NHloP/ncACkJSJvAivW7JwyjQL5RQYoAQrL3Txkl+ZPwmMNrjO8PvH3xLBaNPnDgcfLn5x+mv76wmLYcOk5RyWnmkk1ArDfcdg3CHqkACWlZUgbKP3gihvqz4FQURVG+He5YAYgwGYTZq1+to1e/3iC5agjvdg3w5UnenT5cvYPeXL6JPuDf8Oghp6w57ps8ig5Fxku40BIs0Bg7oDd9s/MwvbF0I726ZIPkYcGrZ4iLhowZ2Fvqgnwr5Gkhz2oUT87I6WopCJMh93DOmCGSIzd2YC8RRQih3Sow2cPOy7cfpLdYHP/3q/WSRwkB0RTwrvXv2omWsnh9i9v+2pKNdOhUnAg+hDox6b+1bJOI7Y/W7hRRDqGBkP7rfOzavWGmxQAsgp+bP108YMj1fGPpJsmFfGDqqAuepGsBIWeIwPdWbad3VmyhL1hUYxX11QpmA9w8wFuHsvAD0Q6xdKMY2b+nCKZ3v9kiNnhv5Va++YDAvLS+CJvDxuin13mcvsPH5xSUXDZGUdfuLCoLiktpIotDeH0h2roH+ou3FAtRcJOBvMi3+Pvzv1VbKTUnT7x2tfX19MGa7fJoHISLg1g84rt2JbCyFikPyGtEG9Cf6SzCn713mvkIRVEU5VbTrrQkvwW+j9sTLEpAiBKhMnjt8IPJDBMmPDvF5ZWykhITPhZmIPwH4EECyKPC/Cg5cOfOy+IHJMRj0sQiCggDeOLg+YNHMbegmGxtbSQkBi8cjsPCE4QXEfpCXRB2xGcQAfAGoQx8Di8Iwnvw6AEjRAsvGMoxXhvAu7icJ0zkUsGjhwUS8LhAGALL+uE3PDVYLIG64hoIl8IWEFOWrw2Qc4cwKzxJKLu8qkry71AXfIb3fDxcRVTAgwkPl521tbSjYV3RBtTX3cWZzzetooW9cF3kdMEjitApgF0QeoTXFrlw8NIZeV8ICcLD6sv16MyCHZ4klA0PrtiI7Yg+hscQtg3w8RThZlwPtoCnCQsh4JHEymYszgFGf+BGANdAvyHHEWMDC1D6smhF3p+lEMT4wljy4zajHrjhwN8AXsxafg17oC9QR+S74TXsjD7HTQIW66B+aGtDYFeMCdwsIG8SY9SwLcrDmMJqbjyOpqCknErN/Yg6wIuMNAici4UwAH2GdqGtuD684ZZ9bgAbYcHJmJBeIuzgrcZ1OvNYgJ2RCoG6QUC6OTtIWVhNjfGBeiEf1aq9lYhpXMMShJch0DFmQUZuoawyRh9jtbVpvBP3o2kcwdrw6qIeqMNF698c6vC9Ki+jIzXV5ndMPO7iSoPs7G/69RVFUW4X7mgBaMD/psuk0hA07Gr+QUcIrzlPEEQOJshbBTxjmBgNIMYam9DvRBrrG/QjhMa1euNaAkLOCD8+cddkCSNDLCFfEeFPLNa4Hm72+GhqnF8L8OIaq20x7lFsw7o31R68D27ld+FGoQJQURTFRKtQE03NQ1f7j/mVhMetnvAsxR9oLeIPNGZJmPdmij/Q2c9bPJMIR2IV75JtB8jNyUly+a6Xmz0+bmTxlo9agc0bq3tT7cH7t/q7oCiKotxYWo+iUJQWgJy3p+6eIqFfPN4HDx5ePHu8hO0VRVEUpa3QKkLAinItXCnkr7Q+NASsKIpiQj2ASptFxZ+iKIrSVlEBqCiKoiiK0sZQAagoiqIoitLGUAF4nVRVm54vZzwa42aD59KZrmd+Q7kuaurq5dl2Dfc2/jbBcwWxE8f1jKlKHpfYM/h6SM7IlWcmNqS+/qw8yxHP/FMURVHuTFQAXidpOQW0OfSY7IF7K0jOzJUHQje2961y9WCrwHV7j1IFC+vbhdNJabRi+0GqO3vtfXwmO4/++dka86trAzubRKekm1+ZwDj/bOMe+sP7y2h3RJT5XUVRFOVOQwXgdQIvzY0Wf9hlArtxNAZ2LMEDob8tsIsEPFS3C7A/dnSBJ685YE+I9YaY+o+F1m3kUsXqZBlT11EllIEdPa4HnN9w27/yyip5juIfnnuIHp45zvyuoiiKcqehAvA25GR8Cp3JyruuEODNYuuhE3QkKsH86tsHQimM6wNh2hwn41Pp31+sNb9SrhV5dE77dpc8SFpRFEW582gV/4pjL9HwmERKysi54Mgpq6wWzxD2b0UuFPZJtQT5S0dOx/PvIvM7JJ4N7FVqgL/xHkC52Hs1KildykTeGH4boHzsqQrvXVPkFpVSeHSS7FMMcYdtyFCOJRlcr64dfcm/g+eF3RawhzHKLikz1cWS/KIyOh6Xwr9Rpuk97PGL3MSyimqKTk6Xvw3gQUQ7YlLSL/Oa4XiUhb1eG3oZ4SVD3lchty+/uFR+0AbsPRyTkiFhy+a8cNjH9mRC6mV5Y42djxwz2AXlp+cUyDmoN/oDexIbwP7YA7hft84X9tCFDbDnbGQi24uviTJgP+RNVtfWSnmW/WZQx0ISfduwP7DP8gmxSYGUJe9VVEl7ML6QJ9cQ7CF8iq+PvaHRPtQZ9Yf96riNKSzuMe6M8gBy7SBSZTxefPsysO81+hT9jvONXEHsN3yK7ZvG17AsF2Bs4toQb/gM9cI4zMq/tK0AxyWmZ0u9GyMzt1Dajz1+sT8xwL7O0ckZMnaQo2qAspCLmMq/UT9LUJdUtgPOQ78btlIURVFuDXf8g6BjUzPpH5+tlm3SIBDGDuxN350/g7YdPikTd2Z+oeR5ebi60N9/8Ci5ONnT2r1H6ZsdoSIasIH/E/Om0KRh/Wjp1gMyQS6ePUHK/mTdLrKztab7J4+iD1bvoJ1HT5KbizN18etAaSyifrhwLtlYWdEn63dRdmGxhMvw+jfPPEjB/h2kDIAyV+46TF9u2kte7q4scOrlmgN7BtHv3l1Cf/zeIqlLbEomvb96O/Xt2pFFoB9NGNKXRUmaeK7acfsqWIxMGT5A6vQI13HfsWjJ03JxcuDPqunRuRNp7rihUlcIhd3hp8nOzpoGdA+m7z0wU3a7WLrtAK3YHkpnuU7ODvb0O65r905+dDgyXvbExf64mIhnjx1CD00fS9bm7eggoJD3lcO/bazb06Sh/WVHjf9+tZ5OJ6bJMTY21vR7Lq+Tn7e8Njh0Ko7eWr5JyoXHDufNGDWI+6wd/fPzNZedD+/Sa0s3kL+3B+0/Hk12NjbSp/i9bt9R+uN3F4o4/mbnIRZgOVwfa5o3fhh1C/SV499asVlEJETX9x6YxUIkj8fDCenrnp0D6Ln7Z1DvYNO+vxC7n23YI2IEQgR98+Liu2lon65845BNf/lohVwLAm384D70woLZtH5/OMWwcAnldvXp0pH+/P2HpSwAIfPnj75h0VUteYUj+vUgF7bzwpnj6Ok/vs126yd1xLWevmcqzeP+imJB998v10nOX3tqJ/ZzdrCjHy2aR7ZsE4OC0jL6/btLqYTbgfZhXO6JOE2/efoBOd+WxwUE1+BeXal/t070Gvfne7/+Hn3I4wFjBuPj4MlYem/lNnLi8nEjsmjmeHpw2mgR/O9+s5V2hp0iR3tb6te1M6Vk5tKTd0+mkf17mmtA9P2/vSfC0c3ZgSZyW+ZPGS3Xwc0Xti60tbahXz5xHwX6eNGCl/9Ng3t2oayCIvr1U/OlPwHs8vayzXID5srjvnugH8Xw9/jP318k591M9EHQiqIoJqxefvmlV8x/33FATPztk5W0YNoY+s5900X87D12WrwL8PKs33+Uvv/gLHrhoTkUlZhOOUXF5M4TztbQ4/TzR++hRbPG0/A+PWjV7sMsHvwoOTNHRNwgnrTA0egkeVgwzos7k8nC42EWRWOk7L08iU8a0o8FkpUsAnn5ifkyoUN4wSvVOziQhYMUI+Jq44FwmQQf5gm3S4APfbJhF43o050KeVK3ZWET0MFTJuZRIT1kEsfE2IknQ4i/x+dNFgE3fcRAWrb9gHkibUdvLtvE171fJun+3TvT28s3y2QKzwu8bf/40WMsEkbSPq5rF38fSuIJfc3eMPrL8w9LmRB3Ww8fJ38vvvaq7fT43EliL4iWZSwUnR3tKJjrCpxYxMC+ELPjBvdl0TCGPlu/W4QRBBlEBIQY9tgdM7CX/A3gJftqyz5aNGM8C5q5NIzbjDByj85+IuAaOx/iZdPBY+Tr6U7/+uFj5OflIYIe19wdHikeUgd7O3pjyUZ6aMZY8Vj1CuooIuZ1fu9n3LcQfj07+9PaPWH0GLcLwi+bhcurP32SvFmEG0AUruZjnrhrMo+T2SJAImKSyL+Dh4hziGAI/UnD+ktZEC/t+D+IuL8+v5hmjh50iUiD+B7et5uIyPlTRtHBEzEmIdi3By3ffpD72YP++sIj1Jvr++ayjTRrzGC+MdhHU0cMoJ88PI+m8O9QFmm1LPAmsJ2N/aCxSvn37y2lYX270294HM1iAY16F5dXUidfL7kR+gGP88k8Js+dPyciGuPO39tdhOzDPNZRj9e+3kg/feQuenTORJrIxy7bdpDt604HuJ4n41LpnzxmIFYhDnEDAcFqKcpGD+gl3s8fcl+ifpv5u4SQ8MtP3i/thS1w3T5dAmUMYVz+9JG7yd3FSb5LGD8Q8fDK/vF7D4uILSgupcMspufwTYfhyb1ZwK8dVVtLGWcv9UgOsrMjPx5/KgAVRWkr3NEhYISjIHYQEvt8416ZzKzaW0l4qra+nkVGAI3hCcuW/2GHlwteLByPyakjT5og0NeTOvKkjPchHC1BaAuiIv5MtogfLzdnmVgnsxjw83QzH0Xicenk5yWCr3eXjhIis1yli8kZQnFnWKR4myAwMBlGxCaJmIplcYnwY1puvggNA7Sjpq6OhvbpJsd7uDrRfJ4wwaHIWHJ1dKCwqET6dP0eFg1x5MN1OhabLJ+jvj4eruTEQsnT1UW8RttY7E3h8iE2bayt6N5JI+hZFs7x6VlSd3hhUBbEliMLPpTZHPAW3ccC09HBTrxkc8YOFk8TvGAGCMN6ubnSgB6dpQ1dO/rQ9+bP4Do5N3k+wpp2LCQgyqy5nhAgRmgR9oHHcNfRSPGU9TF78sChyDgWrB2oX9dOcq0hvbuK+LiSqOjF4wQeQZwDcY0+D49OFDGPkDz6bP2+cG6Hi4TiAbxiHble8KJakpCWRaP4M9gXP/dxf8GranDPxOHyuh+L3Jraeu7jInkNjyPGFry08GKj3yzJKSympPQcudnBWMINwjN3T5XPIIghcD/nen65eZ/YDtdGyHvJlgM0l4UV7A1hhjENjyzaBJFtb2cj9sZnC1hMo43wpt8zcQR1sBDKl2ChkuChHhXSixzsbOU1bI5rQCSCGaMGkoujvZQJIGxTsnLFY4u24iYEferNY1VRFEW5ddzRAtDF2UFCWWMH9aZpI0Lk575JI2nGyIESirWcwOClOM8TO443QmgAYcnyyhp5H0KxiicvgwQWRhAFECXIMzT0IfILMZEZ4FxMyqB9u/Z0vkESFyZHiIWp5joijAuP3ngWf51ZiEIwwlsya/TgSwSFs5O95E5hIjfIN+ddubD4c+YJ1Gg3fhBWhkcKYCKHqIKy46aL58XVyVHaYYC2I3cQAgTlQRwaZSHEDA9pc6A8CBMDeEaRR4hQrYGVVTtuQ92F/K6z585TQWm5iCy3ps7n+jiyAHI0i4p2aIDZpn2DAyWPD14kiCFpoxnUB/l3ls/0Qz6grPJtBsv+Q3koEfZA3ScPvWgTeLjgJQUeLk6XXNsAHjDLPDiEgo22A0/uF4BxBXi4yM2K5THwijasMwQ5bGbkpILsIpPtUJdFM8dJn4V070yrdx8RDx7GM/IjY1IzpHx3ZycWjg40efjFMfPwrAk0om93sXd+UYmUB6pqai5pxyVYDG/0FVYGG2C81nM9Dc+lh4uz/DZA2B+2NvIzAca/ZfsVRVGUm88dLQARVgrpFkRHIuPFi4TJ/n8rt1IlT16mlYqXT9Cd/DqIJ2X7kZOSM7jjyClJ9O/k603dO/nT6YQz4nlbs+cIJfJxEB8DewTL66PRiSIwINYsFws0JgQsGd6vuyy6gOfKycGBDpyIlkkaIgNtcLK3lYUqU3litgReG3i/EHqE6ERIGtcG8Kxk5RWK58bO1pbLjKV3vtksIgg0VieEgxG6xDl4nuDfPl1Fa/eG0XAWABCZCAcjtAqP5Qdrtoswao5H5k4UTxK8l6lZ+fTXj1dKiDPAx9N8BAtRVxdZhLBhf7gsGtjBdkfoGOKiqfPhkTUEUkO8PVyolPsLIWmE0i2Bt7e4vII2hR6TxRTwiL37zRbzp01jiD5LBvUMZtt7i30Qokf4/K+frKT2ZmHTFPCAreaxgoUfKZl5Mh4tPcsN2wWBBG8dclIxHuPOZEk/wItmCbyYyLt8Y9lGEXdYZPLuClPbEKr95+erxYsGAYjyIKggwuBxxIKPWBaBo0N6yg0KFotA8J1OTqcPuZ8xxnHj8MWmvXIsFiu9uXQTVVQ3/igiS2MhLxLfDdQb+aHIc0UfYuyCht0I8RfSPYiWbD1Akfx9QAgbqQDI01UURVFuHXd0DiDmlr5dO9GxuGRZ2IAJZcH0MTSQJ+8cFmjwmOBvgMR1eOaQwwRRtY2FCHL/4L1AjlhHFi34waKAZdsPyuQ5iidMeFcmDusvAhMTFfL9EGJE7t6I/j1EJEFAIt8MITz8DcHTs1PABQGKMhBiRNhyzd4j4kl85t5pLP4cRXzgPOT79e0aKH+jDt7uLhKq7dslkHaEnaLl3L6M3AJpH+oGUTqOJ9/dEaflQcbwIv140Tw5DwsakPuFkDBqgFWnAVw+QoUQwEu37qedXJdAXy/JnYQIRW4eVs6u5DYiaf/Ju6ZSkJ/3ZUISwgr17sh1Q+6Zm7MTfb1lHx1gYYk2Ps3tggAxgIcoiIUaFqzAfuiXR+dMoGB/HxHdjZ2P3E60YUT/nhIirKypldWtI/v1kPKqWKwOZaEVyOfDi4Rju3XyJQ8WHX2DO4l3EIITIuj5BXPIx8NNVkZj5TJEoiUI8+aXlFGPoADx3mFlNvIWUZfJw0JkgQbqjcfyPHPfNOkPiH+EWbsG+l4m6GDjSL6J+HrLfgn1zxk3VLy6Pbn8E/EpNIVFPjyuEIX4HEK+bxeM4RQRRbhRGGked/1ZKBmhU1xlWJ9ulJiWLWUj1Pz0vVPFngjlYxEG+u5IVKKMeeRYYrwg1Iow727ub4jTIX26ighfwzcVyFX9zv3T5fuAvkDOJcreEx4p3xMnR3sZ6xhHBljFjDGA8Q4RCdvW1Z+TGxOE9HvwTRRuNNBGPJ7HaK8lnbFIiNuPnMjth09KX1qxMMT3rWFI/UajOYCKoigm7vhVwAYImWGyvJI3zhKEcW0txAqAoEAIESILZWGiRiI/8uh6BQdI6Bgi4eW3vqTfP7tAEuivBpQNYWhZTwgVvI+JujFQJwg8y9CqJY2V2RywFdqFEGFDsHIWNOY9bQosnMG1r3R92A1taFh2S883wCIZiDVjhXJD0AY8xBhi8UZwtfYF8ODBc3gVp0gIHMLyStdB2yCYLMUndyffeFSJy83J3v6K18WYsxTqBugLjA0jJN5SYHP8ZwjWloBzMBYtF9HcbHQVsKIoiok7OgRsCSasq5mgQUPxB1AGFh4YZeE3kvXxqBc8pw0hYHhqenbyvxDmuhoMYWkJJuKmxB/A8U2JP9BYmc0BWzUm/gCEztWIPwCvZUuuj1zIxspu6fkGeExJU+IP4Bo3SvyBq7UvwPWv8hTxlLXkOlgt3dDziJfOyAt1uLL4A42JP4C+uFrxB2DzqxF/AOfcSvGnKIqiXKTVCMCbBeZSPAoDz+T7z5fr6Jk/vUNFZeX0yJyJOnkpiqIoinJH0mpCwLcKhGKb8p4pinJ7oyFgRVEUE+oBvEpU/CmKoiiKcqejAlBRFEVRFKWNoQJQURRFURSljaECULltwKNM8GBuY5eWG0FKZq78tBRcG9vpYY/gtgD25MVWipYPq1YURVFaPyoAldsGPO9wydb9VFN36UN6rwfsdoGHObcULPLBA7uxa0lbAA91Pnw6Xp7/pyiKorQdVAAqNwxsf4bt3BrzJmFnjr3HosyvbizYQu391dupqrpWHiyM7ciSM1ru9QNvr9hMx2OTza9aDyav6kk6HpciAltRFEVRgApA5YaB3SXOZOez6jC/YYGPp7tsG3YzwEOXsS0dHuANjYM9abFd3NWQmVtI5VVN7H17B4OHQnu5u17TQ8sVRVGU1ssdvRew0nIOR8bLTg2nE9MoJjWDnOztyMnBns6dPyc5cgdPxlFUUprsn+zm5EinEs6IJ8/VyUHOj03NlL+xKwbChUejk2R3EuwHC07Epchewsif8/N2l50msHNKZVUNJXP59na2cqy7syMVlJZTeHSieKWwzRr21rXi47FTyPp9R2nWmMEXHrKdU1hMOQUlsl8xdsmASCsqq7iwZyyEG/byhXcLe9oeOBFD4TFJ8hrbsVVU11B5RRVV1dTJNVGGu7OT7EIBsD1dRGwShXL7sQtG3dmzlMFlYv/blMw8Os02gZ3wg3MhcHGNGLYHruHCtrLclQTXjD+TJXtCox6wrTuLL7QNtsVevgeOx4hNsKMHdv+ITskQ22AbOGyPlpFXKJ/BhigvOjmDXBzt5T2DIrYhbH0kMoGvVc19Yy91x3v+Xh7SPuxzfJTrAFuh/s4ODtzeGukr9F85nwehjDzAAT2CZGvEqKR0Cj0VJ3tno87OfF3sTZ3LojqvqJQO8TiqrTsr+y5jPGF/5SOnE+gU9z3Gi4ujg+wkgn4yysrlPsRe2o4WW9RVcr8cOBFLAT6eUg7auZ/tgrFzLTuRtBTdC1hRFMWEegDbABAq2MrujaUbKTE9W37eXrFF9pTFJP3V5n1UzZMitqPbuD+cdh49JXlzH6zaLudDSHy8bidP0NHyOiUrTzb/t6Smrk72soUIqGaxlZZbQP/9aj1tOBAuImzb4RN0iMVAcXklfbJ2J8WzELKztWZBEcfHraMkrlNjIcryyhoRhaV8HoB42n74pHgbwbIdBymOxdin63dL/h4EDUQlBEU11wli9eDJWIo7k8mGaEefrNvN186ScwGuifpCnNXW1ZvO4581e8JEiCEX8Ost+yXMDEH7zjdbRLxAKCzbfpBW8A+uZwAx9vnGvfyzh8pYeCZm5NDKnYflnI37I+jTDbtFSMImCDvvjogSu4axiIL4Ky6voM+4LVn5RVIe6rAz7JTUzQDvvbV8M4v0VHJytGOhmUjvcV+h7mv3hlFqdp4ctzn0uOxjDcEKIYu2os77+TWEfExKOq3efViOhT0/4n5Zz/0P8Z3B/fevz9fyMRksnJPodR476EOMmaVb9/P4SKPcohJ5H30Hm321aS99zWOpqLSCPlyzg7YePi59jPHy1rLNIiQNIG7Xcb9CwAKIP6QJ3EzxpyiKolxEBWAbom+XQHpoxjhayD8QGBA1u8NPy/tjB/SmIb260cQh/ehU/Bka1b8nJfDEnpqdL94ueJ9W7AhlEUEUEZNEQ3p3Fa+cwYh+PWjS0P7iPZw8rL94neBde2DqGJowuC85mPc6hkcMXrOFM8bSrNGD6b7JI8nPy0M+aww/L3fxbCGsC1Df1OxcqTs8Usj169e1k3wGpg4fIOHg0QN60fhBfURU9e7SkeZPGUV3Txwmx1oKEXjeJg7pSz4ertymLjR2YG8WdGdpEr93/5SRNG/8UMkrhEcPoq5/t840bmAfbm93enDqaFlAAS+lJRCd90wcQfdOGkFzxw6RFcXwcn7BAmn2mME0on8PLqM3/z2ENh2MoL5cJwhhXAfeTggmeFMhSuGt697Jj1ydHc2lk3jcUO+ZowZLn6FMiMLIBFO/wWOIhTQQsfPGDb2wbzDE5RGu7yOzJ0q9HuI+6Ne1s3yGlcChJ2LZTiNpWJ/uNGV4CPUO7iiCErg5OdCjcybSvdyunkEBlMR2X7cvnLzdXWkxv/8A2/eHC+dSBw838ajCY3j3hOFS1lQuy8nBjjYdiJCyAMbTwuljRSRC3G4/cpIenDZaBaCiKMotQgVgG2JI724SroR4QIgQXrukjGwRCr//31L67Ttf0wdrdkhYz9HeVoTc7qOR4mmCyHDg9zC5Iww6vK+prObwYIHY2c/LHG41iRCU7evpJnUACCvjdVNAOHTt6CtCCGFTaBkvNxfxPkE8DewZxILSFKZuDFw7wNtDQq0AIc16C49dYyCnMCjAR0KT8JTh93kWkhCv2w6dMNtqCb361XpulcmbZ4m3h4sISnj6IHQgwCCIKqqrxVP5Oz73d+8uFc+rvY2NCLwcFojpuQVi62kjBkh4HI+kiYhNpj7BgRdEHCgsKaOj0Yn0l4+/kT7728crqbi0QkRySI8gFoMFtDfiNIszF+rR2d98FokItbe1lfcBxFYfFnkANwTlVVX0ny/WSZl/eG+ZeGwRwgcoB7ZDmxzt7Lhu9TJ2egT6Sega73fgNs8eO1g8xqksYrF3Nsr64wcrKDYlk/K47y0Z2qebeE/3HY8WT2FI9yDzJ4qiKMrNRgVgGwKiriHwaD04fQy99vOn6I2XnqbfPfsg/ejheeTr5S4eMIQPEdLrwoJowbSxtGzbQfHuwdNzJRDmgzCwJMDbk87k5MuKYYSLIYzwujkgNhF+hWCCEB3YI1hCwQhJzhozxHxU4yCvzzJ3riXgeIi+hiBPDgLn1Z89Sa+zvX711AP0o0VzqXvgRZEFsF0grmuJfwcPEa7P3jedXmc7//enT9CLi++inzx8F3Xs4Cmi75udhySXbsaoQSJYl+8IFeEXzLa3BMeP6t+D/vL8YnrrF8/Qn77/MP3i8Xu5v0ZRBxZ3ELird4fRA1NHX2L/Tr7eEupHiBjexQoWd0eiTCFYiGw3Fuy/4f5/4xdP0z9//Bj9cOEc+gnXEUA4GiLeoH/XznQy4Yzk++FmAqJvKwtkCMwuHX1kLL3J9fvHjx6lFx8xtRV1KymvlOtDnI8Z0JtW7TosvyEkFUVRlFuDCsA2DgQVFi28vXwzvb5kI32ybpeEVzHVY7HE8H7dxUsH8TKMhRjyyCAWjMUhVwvEDBagvLNii/xAUCJU3ByBLFw6+3tTek6BhE8hxJIycmhEv57i3btVQLyhDsi/e3XJBvrfyq0iZhpo3EaBp+/nj9xD2w4dp7eWbaJXv15PS7ntdebFCJOH96dkblOPTn7k7uIoIeSVLAgRIjd5UC8yZmBvCQm/t2obvcFlvbV8k4TrcRQWe3QJ6CAeyEE9g00nmIHd75kwgj7lPkZ/G/UH3Tv50+JZE+jjtTslX+81rh9yQZsD4XHcVLz+9QZ69asN9C6XB6/w4F5dJfQrZXHdXmNbIfQMO2FBCK6LhScAHlyMLdyINBTNiqIoys2jXWlJfiMP7VBaGwjbIp8OCf4QcciDQ+4dvHTw8BWUlslz9BDGwwpYwwOG0CBEAvLBAEKTKAc/DcFCAhzf2c9bwoDZPNkH+5u8V8jXQzgVjyPB4giEI5EbB08jruXq5Chh4TPZeeKpaih6UG50SjpNGRYir/GwZogG1Be5c3igcaCvl4igXL4Wctaw8tgQOG7mHDoRt6xEjNcGmXmFF+qAUCXyG02rcs/Jaw8XZ7Ed8ujgtUR4Fsf4swC19LKhLoUl5bJKFrZt+Bp2QBhcQqburuRlDscCLG6BuIX94SH7Zsch8cI2lhcH0YwwOFbyos7wChorp1F+WUU1BbEQhAexoLhMPkOoHAtlsMoZK6k9WOB7uDrJtdAvGBfoF9gIx6NvsKoXr/GZO9sATcW5SAbFa4SN07ILpFx4/jAuUF+MBdgJuZPoX6z2hQDFYhEsMEEf4xpYuIL6oO+M+t9M6rjey8vL6EjNpY/8edyFBbOdfQMfp6IoSutFBaByAQyEhhMgz5f8/vkLOWgI2+KvhqHdawGioqXloB54ZI0hTCFaGgvT3smYwqLtL/QB8uMgmq8W+UJfwbZXY/uW0NjYaSk3ui7NoQJQURTFhMZclAs0NvlhXrZcgIC/b9RkfTXl4FBLwdfaxB9Amywtci3iD6CMK9n2Rguu6yntVok/RVEU5SIqABVFURRFUdoYKgAVRVEURVHaGCoAFUVRFEVR2hgqABVFURRFUdoYKgAVRVEURVHaGCoAFUVRFEVR2hgqABVFURRFUdoYKgAVRVEURVHaGCoAFUVRFEVR2hgqABVFURRFUdoYKgAVRVEURVHaGCoAFUVRFEVR2hgqABVFURRFUdoYKgAVRVEURVHaGCoAFUVRFEVR2hgqABVFURRFUdoYKgAVRVEURVHaGCoAFUVRFEVR2hgqABVFURRFUdoYKgAVRVEURVHaGCoAFUVRFEVR2hgqABVFURRFUdoYKgAVRVEURVHaGCoAFUVRFEVR2hgqABVFaZOcra6h2sJS+SnIL6ayiirzJ4qiKK2fdqUl+efNfyuKorRqas6dow8iTtP2A+FUV1xO5+vPyvuu7duTs401uTo70gNTR9Hwvt3J2spKPlMURWmNqABUFKXN8PG6XfTNrsNUXVNLdP7yf/ra8Y8NC8HJw0Lox4vmko21ikBFUVonKgAVRWn1FJSU0ZvLNtG+Y9Hmd65M90A/+tVT86mzn7f5HUVRlNaD5gAqitKqKSwpp/9+tZ4OHI8xv9MyEtKz6T9frqOcgmLzO9dP/VlTyLk1UFRaQQdPxppftQ5qauvoZHwqVVTVmN+5dmJSMig2NdP86s7l3LnzcuNUepNyZK+3/MrqGj4/ir9b58zvKC1FBaCiKK2avTw5nIhLoXONhHyvBCbx3RGnb4hwg2DaEXbK/OrOJ6ewmNbuCTO/ah1UsJjYw/1dWlFpfufaOXI6nsL4507n7Llz9M3OQ1RQXGZ+58ZyveVj8daKHYeorr7e/I7SUlQAKorSaikuM3mpqpDzdw1A+O0/HkMFJeXmd66djQcjaGvoiVbjBTx77jxV17bMrnnFpdJuSPD4M1mUV3R9YuIci4a9LNSqa+sklTOvqJR/X382E8qoqau/ppuFhtTWnaVa8yKjOx30842wSVNcT/k8DFs8DpVLUQGoKEqrpbyymtJy8s2vro2EtGwqYSF5PZRxPbYdOi6LSiCA2hofrt5BRyLjRWBtZTvEpWZcl2CrY2H1z8/XUml5FRWVldNrSzZQ/k3yUCm3OzdPmLZ2VAAqitJqQV4RvEPXA0JLJRWV1yVYNh2IoJAewTRv/DA6mZAqAgZUVddSRl4hZfLPoVNxFMfiEDlRltTW1UsuGbxeAJ/jNbxfhaXllFNYQilZeRR6MpbOZJvELjyekYln5G+AMBuuW8/XRU7kYRZjx+OSqaS8stnyAbyoR6MT6WhUopyLazTnUW1YPpg3fij17hJIkQlnKI+FWnJmroTljfYbbcY103MLL+RzZeUXSVnIx8R7MSwcM/jzk1wOzolKTpO8vfsnjyR3Fyc5B2WcTkyjPRFR0g60HSC8C/ENe0GMxvFnTYFV4qf4GhExSVRRVW1+12TXcLbFsdhkyRNMzy24kLsGDxZsHhaVIDZrTpjAhvtPxEhZuDkwQF1TsnIplMdCdHL6JV4xjBnU6WL5ppzF9JwC6VeAvsQND34nZeRQdkGx5DQWl1XKueibE/EpkjeHoqP4Gge4HknpOZeMb/Qb2o5+by43D17d+LQsGbsYg7AJ+gxl4Xo49xSPu+Pc18Z4Ai0tH+2QNp9OkO9xfnGpLOi6FKzdNwEbxZ3JZJuaykTZh7ivMYZwHsZMKtfTGJcAfyfy+LqZHs7bFauXX37pFfPfiqIorQqIi62HTphfXTvD+nSjLgG+1K7dxcmmpWAS+mzDHnpi7iTy8XSTybJn5wBycrATAfHuN1tlEsZkjXC1m7MDBfp4mc82rWB+e8UWmjCkrzybEJPif75aTwN7BlNUUjp9tXkvC4kkyi4sFtET5N+BBUwd/fPzNXT3hOFSBoTLb9/+mob3605fb9kvQgDX3hx6XI7/aO3ORsuHsMDq6aikNLHltsMnRED0Dg6U4yJiEmnWmMFyDYDcOTxqx7L8ob27ch33kbOjg7Q9NsU0QecWl1AnP2/aE36a+nTpKNeGDXCNXmwfTPzw7GHiDz1lErfbD5+UZzWaRGGW9IejnS2t2nWYRoX0lHDgp+t3077j0SLa94RHUR3Xs0tHH0rLLqD/frlWRCTEyrYjJ8ne1pa6dvQ1195kp8ORcdwfsSIWIW4gOHsGdeSyz4nX8WT8GUrJ5PMPH6cE/tzT1Zm83F3ojaWbaGfYKcopKKGdR09RCYsuTzdnGtyri7l005OHkJP6MdsbogwCFkK5D4tjB27HrqOR9Mm63Szi8mTcZuUXcz8EUSmLlH9/uY72c7uikzNoO9cd9YbQ2hx6jLp39pO2FLEwXLfvqIxV2PwIC6fd4ZHUMziA/vvVOhHe6IOQ7kEybrZw/+Ac/MY4Q5+nsZ1h92geWxCXELsQiNNGDJC2WoL+XbbtoHhfd4VFilCHSMP4+A2PN4jRMB6bJ1kAQvCNH9RHymxp+R+t2yk2xdjedOAYJXH98Q207LNyHku7eQxhHJ7mcYo6DegeLML9H5+t5r7KFTG8dm8YdfbrwDcHZ0T49mWbt2/fXsYbRGP/bp3ldVtCPYCKorRibsxdvY21taWj4aqA18uXhV9HH0/y4AkOXh6Tl4REYEFELJ41nn66+C56cOpoCueJUp5TaAa5dsVl5Rc8NPiN12fPnqXK6lqZuL9z33R68eG7aAiLLXi/4JmBCDM4z2XgOHiOMGHOmzCMnrp7iky6qENT5SP/0cvNhX726D30k4fn0T0Th1NcapaU3xgl5VWXlY/2QhjW1tXRs/dOE5Exd+wQeuHB2XLtcp6ojV46e/acvIZX5j8sWO7m6/38sXvo1089IJM4xMoIFrHPzZ9OttwnT86bLOXhfXhwINogQH68aJ6U/8OFc0RUZ+UViSc3m8XZlGEh0p6Hpo+l9fuPSj9YAsHZr2sn+sXj99Iz90wTIVtUWk7Ltx+kGhbWv3ziPqnTXSyu4Y2DEN588JjY/XfPPMhl300PTB1DJxNTzSVepLC0jHaweHts7kT60aI59CL3uY2VtYgceHOXbNlHT941mX7z9AP0tx8+KmIbAumzjXuoorKa/vS9h+nP/BPCYuXvn6wSjxeEDvoXwIuLtAf8xo1HAV/vL88vpr4syDAerKyt6I/fXSQeOdT95Sfvl3598ZG7aSMLLIjDTdyWTr7e8gikn3D9ugb6UlUjOXYQuBDeT98zVcr43bMPSmi/UlZQm8Yb+vGXbEfYDNeDQGxp+RExyeIhhY0wtvEbnsAqC0+iCdMXs5yvC2E9blBvFpJO9OrX68nf24Ovfz/35X1078QR9MHq7SICIaTheYUn9FR8Kg3oEURWbUz8ARWAiqK0Whzs7Piu/hqVmwXw1l1LKRBKEbFJMrnAO7f/WLQIBnhwDBE1iAUMJkE7Wxvq4OnK759rsHjgUoUCQWiIFtRpVP+eIi5tbazl2YWY+BsKtPpzpgUYLk6OImY/XLODxU+EeP9cnBxMB5mxLB/eMnjW3Jwdpfy+XTpRr6AA04eN4MplNSwf7wEUiYdsW3F/wNuH8hoC8YkwHUKpzvZ2NHPUIDkOZTzD4hHAlhB/ANeynLijU9JlFxcIbpzXyddL6gDxiHK93V1EJNvxZwO6B0nIsuECAle20cQhfcmRr4/r4loQj7uPRtG9k0bIezh/3MDe1JeFIoAwWTB9jHgCcd2hfbrSCK5HQ9A3HTxcqUdnfy7DhlwcHWgsCxasNj98Kp78vDzEY4jPvFl4Q7zBGxyZkEbfe3CmXNvezkZE1++/85CIa0u458RTaTCkV1cJjVtZmWw0YXAfcrC3ZTEWT906+YtXDmMxhu3WjccgBD/ENLxpGPP2PCYnD+1PHdzd5HxLwqITRMhBLKPNGCPz+QbGktljhkgbcePj5+Uu3riWlo/V2BOG9BMRh/LxPM5pI0LMn1piGq9/+mC5eFJH9uvBNzCVLJ5TycfDTbyxEN2wVTv+Dx7kHtz2pVsPiMcZYxLtuBbv/p2OCkBFUVotmGS83VzNr64NJxYCbs5O1zRBIDQGrxsEHiagOhZm/bt3lvwz5CIBTNCGoMEE1fAyEDjwbhl5g7lFJRdEC47FxGvsWIIQFkQAJvyzLASM3DCELOEVgoB49r5pNIcnYHjb3ly6kWJZ5DVVvhVfAKtiDdCGmrqGHpiLQEw2LB/hNtCY9WBTlGnkHxaUlkteoI2NldgKOW4GZeVXfk4c7AivjlEehDDaAqGIayHMijEBYCOzzr0EtOHCDjBcaaM/bLlOFdWX5ush1A6s+Xgj7wxAbFZaeHEN2pvtafnMOtTXuj0LYlsIzbMX+gEg9AtxY811La24eG3Uo7yqSt6vh/1wEFPF9THyA4Gf16XCys/TXX5DYNZw/Zwc7C/8IM0BYh9YeqBhP7S1IRBluJmxvNmAl9ISX4vrYxwb36GWlA+RXWmRfwng5bscU5kI4UJcFrPN0LewDfrBaJ8tt3nWmEEsNl1o4Yxx8pgeeDB7B3ckD3P+aFtDBaCiKK0WdxZu3TpdzBe6FiDYMGlcC8gtCvT1kly82SyK8DNv3FAa0qcrrdlzRI6RSdFQGaCBKoHHwtHOjvZGRElYDflaF8O7EIwW55qB5wNi6DBPchCaq3YeEjGI0DNyALt09JWFE/DMQIw0Vf6I/j0kvIkk+ZLyClq3N0zEZFNkN1K+UVZjYsuORQ9Ecm5hidRzCZ8LAdu/a2cRYsgBw/PhTsan0Purt5vPahrky2FiR9gX191+5JQIIni3YKaWeIMv6w8z86eMpuXbQ2WhDkTy+6u20Zlsky3gqVy9+zCFnowTG369ZR/FmIWvJfAQQjBBeKAvkMMJ+44b3Ec8uVgoseFAuHwGz9zrLKDPnjtLE4f0o3dXbJHQLfISX/1qA+08GkkOtrYijDPziqROK7mfyyyEYsN2GGPlrvHDJA8SAg5eYyxCQuoBvI/wmKIP0eewPeqa38hCqmF9ulNpZaXkZUKoIsS7ko+1xNI7C3Az1dLy5/L3BLme6E/04fp94ZILejnnpZkPThst6QpYcAVxiu/cqcQz4h0P8PagQ3wuUiYwJgM6eNDM0YPkc6QQtLXcPwMVgIqitFqcHe1pdEgvMrw+VwtClZiY3V0uTU5vKcaCD0xIBpiEp48YIOG2YhZVl9FAeyBMtnj2ePpi0x56+o9vi5DDJNYcjtze7z84k/71xRr6+WufUUiPIPFSwVsID9tP/v0xPfXHt2RiheenqfKH8mcI3f3s1c/okd+9ISEzhNmaAp7ShuUjXw1cLqlMQhXl/+Q/n9BPX/1EvDHODvZkb2dLv336AfGUPvGHN+m/LHge4TpeieAAH5o2ciCLs+30+CtviMheMG2sXKPxGrScycP6iYfsF69/Tt/507sinEf06yGf4ffjcyfRv79cS0/931uSNzhpaH/5zBK0bfHM8Sx+cui5v7xLr7y3lEayyB7et5uM0e89MFMEzHf+/K604W4WaghPPjB1lOS2/eG9ZfTifz+RdIFH50wkDzdn7tvO9H/vL+M6vSPeQ9xwXAmMB+TULd92kL771/9JuBX1Rx2wYhuLMV7876f07J/fEe+Zt8flN0CO9raSe7qUy1j829fofyyI75s0wvxp40CAt7R8hHwXsa3+/cU6evR3r9OBkzE0Z8wQ86eWmPoVNsH1j8cm06n4M2KfPsEB9PIbX4jN4CWdO+7i+RWVNSJ+O1ksuGpr6F7AiqK0avD4D2wFh/y7hrlxVwIrWH/zzAOSx/Rtg7AmPBgQtS0FggA5YQj5GSAsll9SSkgV8/F0veAVaq58LMywbt9ehNmVaKr85kBCPrxDDT10mLRRJwc7m8u8Sc2BiGhlNZfJ4uJGIyHbJnIY6+uRv1kveXZXajW8fTZcjpGfZ4BwKHa3QC5iQ3ugPxGCh60s7QoboRyETa8G5FzCC4g8OISnLUH98H2BaG0O3DBgEYezgwPXyfxmC2hp+TgO9UT4/lpA/ibGg2V/wVv6wt8/kO82ckHbKioAFUVp9SA/65udh2nJ1v0yYV0JeMtGh/SkZ++dLuEiRVFaBxCTby3fLKvFf//sghbdoLRWNASsKEqrBx68RTPHyuMofCQc2DTe7q4S2vrhwrkq/hSllYHcRzyE/OFZ49u0+APqAVQUpc1Qc+4cfZWVQ9sORFApnreXXWj+hIWfmyvNGDOQ5owdQh1YBF5NyFFRlDsDPG8Ri47wKJ62/h1XAagoSpuh7vx5Wl5eRkdqLq6UPM+i8AlXdxpkb3+dywQURVHuHPQWV1GUNk07eAFU+SmK0sZQAagoiqIoitLGUAGoKIqiKIrSxlABqCiKolxGUkauPD/x2+ZUwhn6YuOeS7ZI+7b55+drKD4t2/zq+rnR5d0osLWasc0cwLMiyyurG926zZIlWw/Q1kPHza/uXLA7zoETMeZXrQ8VgIqiKN8ymFTxfDKAh9Ti9bdNVU0tpWblml99e+AZjhl5hRfscyvBjh6WeyEbYNu6qurG9qW9Nm50eTeKt5ZtumQsllRUye4qxaWN7GBjQU5BMeWXlJlf3blgxTBEcGtFBaCiKMq3CCaZv3+6SvbEhbdl88HjFJOS8a0IHuVSvty0j3JZzLRVsO+z5e45eIg6xB1211DufFQAKoqifIu4uzjRs/dNJ0830/67ZRWVVFNbJ38r3y5FLM7rrnL7QEW5U7B6+eWXXjH/rSiK0qpB5lJUbS1lnL3UgzHIzo78rK1v+NNgth0+Kfu5erDIA2ey8yWkiX1eweHIePGoHI9Loe6d/OmbnYcoIjZZtqlKzcqngA6ekoOUmJ5Nmw8ek10MArw9ZV/Uiqpq2nc8mtbvC5fzsa8sNtkvYQG5OfQ47Q6PpMzcQrk23sNxoadiqaS8knw83S7ZG7XUfM7eY1GUlV/EYtSFKiqrKfRkHNfVgTYeiKD4tCwK9PGWaxeXVdAePhZ1OhGfSvY2NuTF5+wIO3XF9uJc7DccEZNM6/YepSOnE+RZjF7uLmRjbSUe0S1cly2HjlNadgFVcjsLSspo9IBel+ybGxGTRAlslyC/DvI6KT2H2xdH9nY2tP9ENJ09e4427I+gQ5FxhE1qvbn8hvvuwhbbj5yUfLUEPh87Q0Qnp1NGXhHtjThNx+NTZJ9itA22NXaOgD26dPSl8Ogk6YP27dqTr6e7eG1RJ1wX5SK028HDlZwc7OgY9+vR6EQ+J5H7rlb6tqXl4fPtR06JPbFTDcrLLizh8XWC+nQJlDKwZ+6KHaHUydeb9nHfbOexl5SZI/3lxv0Bu27l47ccOiEeZuyOg5uP5nbDWL3nCI0Z0Fv2CcaewcVsr9OJaTSwR5DssxyTkkmrdx+RcZWVXyzjCtdDP6OOgVyX3UcjZexsOhhBcalZsp80bLs59BgL7Arq7OdNVu2tKDOvkNZwWXsioigtJ5/c2d6ma2RI+9HfGDv+3h6yF7NBZOIZSuZ2BvD7aAu+K/g++LDd0QcYp6nZ3A9sN9Qtm79vKA92iD+TxXawJzdnR2ljcmau1OEwj8myimq2WRnZ29pSz84B5qu1LtQDqCiKcpPA3AoBZ4TMPtuwm47HpkioF6E1CL56FioQTtUsTHuwCIR46ujjRb2C/GXCwzmZLEgG9+7KYqhGJlLkZb21bLOIieF9u8l5X23ZT2v2hsnklsIT2eSh/cmaRW1Maia9uWyTeBbHDexD6SwKMVlbhphX7jwsQmn8oL5UUV1LCTxho47IR4ToHNQzmApLKuj91dskJ+qdFVsoMS2bhvXpRsH+PvTFpj3Shpa099y58xJaXb8/nPp17SSb8WMy/mjtThGLn23YI4JvZL8eMjFD1FVwuxsSdyaTTvJEb5CZXyhtwC4PaM+aPWEsqnxkx4dvdobSWn7dkC837xVRNZTb4cvi5est++ggixk3ZwfqGRRATvb20j53rkfDh0Wu3n1YxEz3QF96f9VWOpOTJ2WhbTh+0tB+LGit6eN1OymvqFTqu3LXYRG5Hq4skBvorqbKW7LlAB/vTJOG9BXhA5siXaCQbQQhZQCBtiMskvazgNwTHkVjB/UhPxaRELRpXM7fPllFBXzeqP49RAz/96t1FMZCpzkg0HC9d77ZIj9YjJNXXCKfhUUlSttg4+F9u4u3FGMSY9YANykQkSlZuTQqpKcsHnltyQYW4lY81vqI+McNxKnEVPrrJyvJydGORnL9kHf5149XirhbzqIWYhl7c2NcZxcUmUs3gfeiuI3GYpVMvoE5xmJx19HTIpDHhPSS7w3qCxGMcYYxOHFwXxasrjx29/J4zxZbv7V8k/TNABa4uM7u8Iv2bY2oAFQURblJ9O0SKB4+TIoQcZhoIFTKKqroaHSSeKS6d/IzH000pE9X8vNyp54s6EawAALw6MwdN5TGDOhF4wf3EXF0kifNsOgEmVThJYH3bOzA3rTzyEnxfEHARadkiKdmRL/u5ObkSCcTUuXas0YPEq+LpefHxclBREJ0SrqUM5AFHzwi8NzNHTdEvG/zJ4+kxPQcvrZJ0D0yZ6Jcf9qIEJo3fhgt23agRe11sLMTT9i4Qb3FA+XKYmk41xFeOHh7zrJQvGfiiAtl4zNLj09TWApaiKwn7ppME1k0TRkWQgunjxXvGGxjAO8f7PjQ9DEsLnrR1OEhfN3hdJ7FAWwO+0OAhnTvTB083ETcWgLROHvsYJrC58FjirbCywfvZqCvl4i/IH9vuQ48YLAZvIj3ThrJ4j5A7GtJY+Whfn27BtLs0YPl87snDCNbGxvxclk0VzDaDy8XhDtuDvy8PViI9hd7Q0SjLfg8UG4wAmj9vqNyTlPA+3vXhOG0YNoY+Zk3bhjfoJhSFZZu28/9M0DsBtGGvXVRNjyWlqCP544dKvYcx6KvCwtqiONhLBoh/iHYNx04JuM+OMBXykDd7GxtaP+xaNHJR6MSqLi8gu7lMdiRxWCzmO3g4mQvwjshPUtsiu9Oek6BeEohWuEB9/PykN9hXD48kt0C/Xi8DxOx+cDU0fI9bM2oAFQURblJQJhhos/OL6YNB8Jp6sgBplAaC6S1e4/QpCHwEjUvbhDagsgDhhDKKy4VMYOJ8+st+2kJ/xw8GUOd/DrQdL4GBNSRyDh68dVPxDP3/IOzZLJeuzeMfvnmFxR7JvMSwQTh8537p1PY6Xj6+Wuf0v7jMSJYHO3tWLS4yDEI6eE9eAAhZDBRAwhJCCaEreGpulJ7q+tq+b06FqunLtQdnqzugf7icULIzdHeVHb79u3Jh8WXZbi6KSC0DFAPIwwNnRUc4EMV1TVUXnVxRSu8QSgfxxrgWvDCtYRenU0iDu2HWIHXEytfY1nELt8eKm2DJxL9BO8nzB3Ewrup/m6sPIRcUT8jdA07QJSh7pb9B3AsGMFi7Nn7pskK5t++8xUtYWGexsIHYf5Vu45IvZZuPSCfo2zLRR4NgYjtxGIW9sMPhK2duS/gRcZr40YCdYNnseEKdn9vT7nBANa4AeC+RZoAsLWxkkfLYOzAA7d820Gp3zc7Donwww3I0/dOk9Dy/1Zuo5de+0yOaw6sXofN4UH+Po97pDX84J8fyuIqjN0zWXm02myHZXw9jDliUyL1oSPXFXUE6KeOPK5bMyoAFUVRbhJ2NjY0oGcw7WKBsyf8NM0bN1TEEsRRWlY+TRzaz3xk01jzRGRMmAbwGjqwOHt83iR65TsL6NdPzaeF08fRwhljJaQ8pHdX+ssLj9Cvn5x/Icw2dUQI/ecnT4oXZgeLLxxngFw1hJH//PxienTORAkz47l7NtbtRUAJ5j86+XhRYgZCZnlUw0IOE/6uo5EU0iNYROGV2uvv5SGetQemjabfPfsg/faZB8Sb+My9U8VDVVJRQRm5hSJM4LVCeK+ykUekuDk7ieCCwIT4O3QqzvwJUXpOPkUmpUn9IAgQyoPXC9c1wGsQw+XjWjgOeYkIW7aExoQicsWG9e1GP3/sHvq/7y6kFxffRY/NnSRixIr70ArbDjZBY+UF+XeguNRMKiwpl/6ASIFtEJZGW+DNQo4i7LMnPFLOgUcNeXK/evJ++vsPHqPY1AzJh0PO3w8XzaE/PPcQvfT4vXTf5JFSN4RD4SnD76sBYV88Jw/9j5AtBCE8uLi2JRi6l47ey+nfrbN4pV9iu73y3AL68cPzpH7wfKNfFs+eQB//7gUa3KuLeJItxS/shtA2xgHsEH8mm8+poTQWuBh7//zh4/Sd+6bTpxt2ka+Xu3hUn18wW/rnF2yHxbMmyA3QkF5dJf+2tKJKxgM87eFRzYfI73R0EYiiKG2GW70IBGABARLlEQIbO7CXhMTgfZg/dbSETLHid+uhEzR95ECZzBDuQmiqE0+I8PQkZeTIxAfvH4QOvHcTBvcTbxIWUSDsiET3mJR0ER8I0eJ6EAtI0sfkjxDkHhZlSIBHojsmO+SaGd4bTOSoU35RmRyLUBjyro7HJdOsMYPlGEzyqCcmY1trG8mxOxGbQgdPxlIti5Mn75osnp4rtRdeRR9Pd9q4P4IieDI/wOefSkilgSwgkftYXlkleYzI/0KOGrxD8MZAuFou4vBydZF6I7R9NCpRBOq58+eod1BHbkO25KRB/CInEd4ueJKwEMAAYgye1XX7jnIZZyR/EPltdja2NLRPV7K3tZFFBAi9WnoJAeoneYMsKAAWLiA0Oap/T8m5w2ssWoD3ydnBjrqxYIc4qqquFbs0pLnyopLTaBeLu+Pcz4ci4yU/Df0MDyfKPHQqlsL5WufOnqccFn9YFAN7Y1FFLItHeNzunTRCbiQ2YMEQxgsLYojK4f26yUKIt1ZspqF80wAvryVreXxNHzXwgrcXAgvjK6Q76tBdwsxYcHP0dKIsXkH6ADyQsDvKCmYBizqizigDYVz0zaCeXcRjiLEGMMaSeFzuDIuUMiHYcXwPttuyrQdEmCXz9wDCHvWEsDPAcRD/uMnBOED4G98jpD18sn6XeMshomHP2XydAm43vOLIE8R3ora+XkRhz87+FMvfl11HT10oC0ITXs7WugikXWlJ/tXJfkVRlDuUOv4HfXl5GR2pudTL87iLK4tA+5siAAGEEyZ4LzdnmVSwSnTysH4iQJAYj9wkiB+En/J4AkOeHHLJIA7hkTBCyRJO5UkUIguvMeHDUwExgzw1lG96gHOeLBRAGV07+nAN2onHDgLSm88NCvARgWMATxJWXsJ7hLAbJm4IBogvY7I16glhijw5XLukrEJEGYQLcvkM+zXXXoD3UG8IXHi2UPcO3EYIUrQZQhU/aCc8Xbg2FmkYgtUAIhcTPrxbEGl4mDLew/W+O3+GXAPlwyuF8GTD8/FcOzxkOreoVIQqjkHoFdeFTeFt8/ZwEU+uJQhDYnWvIYxwTQhb1BUeMdgN4UZ3Zyfy7+AhtkZbkd+ItjakufLg4YOHroT7HaF32NroO5SJPsF5ft7uIuqQS4eFEMjBRLgWoVs8YgihVoTmMX4QZsfxztwfKD+Nx0a3Tv4XwrsGGEfGuASGZwxpARDlyO3EtdA/rtwHuDbGDcYRfmOFLewAsY5xYnhrMS4QfjfC9uLN5HGbxX0O+2HcQrAhBI2VuMkZueLNRdsxHi3ribEE+0DwwituWrBDkkeJBUx5XBcXZwfxXKOPsdgKx5vSDWy4fZ4XxiWujRXDaCfGgCN/D1Fv1K81ogJQUZQ2w7clADFBWob/Gr6+GSBfD+0xRA/+ocdkCeHYFKZzkIdmfuMauRHtRV0bCrbGQLssj4IHacOBCAnvQbg1/LwxWnqtq4GLvG47WtJUeU21r2H/N0dLbPRtgv5BHZsbu03ZR+zAHzT8qLk23+72uFHc3H+BFEVRlMvEz80Wf8BYUGCAv5qbQIHpHPOL6+BGtLelguxKR7WklBst/sCNLrKp8pq6TMP+b44b3/obC9pxpbHb1MdiB/PfljRX2u1ujxuFCkBFURSl1YAQ6/A+3W6JyFaUOxn9hiiKoiithkAfT5o6YoAsmlEUpWlUACqKoiitBiwuaMlzAxWlraMCUFEURVEUpY2hAlBRFEVRFKWNoQJQURRFURSljaECUFEU5RaBh+hi5wk8cPbb4Nu+vnJlthw6TsfjUuTZdzebr7fsk4ddt3awowl2jVEuRQWgoijKTQS7H2AbNYBdOrClFXabaAh2rLjZNHf9Ow3sE4ydPFobpl1cSuXBxjcbbBVYXlVlfnX7ggeJYyeTqwE7yuAHyDZyeQXyt3IRFYCKoig3EeyLGnoiRiax5nh/9XbZrk1pGV9s2iP7Iiutnz3hUbQjLNL8qmVgP2Hsqaw0jQpARVGUm0hOQbHsl3qlkN7QPl1lj1WlZcQkZ1BRabn5ldKa6dLRh7p38jO/ahlpOQWUnqtev+awevnll14x/60oitKqgQ8uqraWMs5eGgIdZGdHftbWN3wLqH3Hoyn0VCxlF5RQcXkluTg5SDjK292Vdhw5SanZ+RTQwVOeWxeZeIY6eLpJHbYdPkm7wiNlGysfDzdq3/7SmiGHD7liB0/GyAb38WeyqLq2jlydHOnw6Xj5DMf4e3vIZvYGpRVVFJ2cTgN7BJODna1s5r96TxgdOhVH586dl7qcSjgj73u4OskWXMgRi05Ok7IquMyGx4NdRyNl4/yd/BtbcmEj/WOxKbT54DGqrK6VOqCu3Tv5y/FJbAPs1xuXliWb9x+KjKMg/w7yDL9sFsybDkaIBweiuWMHr0u2+TrDNtt7LIrCohIkbO7kYCf2zC0qpdW7j0j+HHYDcWZbN+zPlKw8EQZHoxIpt7CEAn286ER8KrfpCMWmZJIP7M+2xrU78mfGw6TR3srqGraJ82XHOzvayzHIM7O3teF+Oy3tR9/vOXZa3vNgYY8+RAge/Y7+LSqtoC4BvmJjS8JjkqRPi8sraOvhE2Rna0tefD6OQ3tDT8bR+n1HxQ7BAR3Ihsctjt1+5BSPIxuuazz5ebtf8izEQhbKKAvtcHN2Ypujb01eso7ch+Fsj2PxKeTn5U5O9nZyTimP17V8nSgeL+jnI5HxZMPlIzyNG5qUzDwZaz06+4tdm+pPjLnt3OYtocdlXAX6esl4QGrE2r1hdDIhlevkyGOX+6uBLQwwBmE7dxdHsT/i47DzCe5rX66zo7nOAHmu8PyFRydwXcvIgT/Ddw7XADvYTnbcJ57cl4ZNkR+4fn845eQXS1vxeVtABaCiKG2GWy0A4aWKY3FWd/YsubJQCPDyoN082UREJ5EjC5fU7DyZyPt2CaS/fbqKegd3pE0HjsmE14ffg5BzdrAXoWKAc/7x2WrKLypjQelIe3gixOTu5eYskyREUL+unWjfiWgpe3CvLuYzLxWA+Pv/PlguQg4iaiNP4BBHtjZWtJ0Fyoh+PViAtqdVuw5TLU+SED9/+nDFZccP6BFEr369XiZ9TL4B3p5S77V7j4hAOs3X28eCbR+3+74poySc9/7qbdL+6po6qTvKun/yKMrIK6TXl2yU3D4RyWGnpJ49WDgaQjaPhV5SejbFpGaKkIGgiEnOpDeXbSR3Fq01dXW0YkeoCLPgAB85xwAC6KO1O6mypoas2lvJ9dA+CJ/Sykpaw7bDOdu5Trgu+iC3qIReX7qRJg/tz2I+7rLjA329WaS70i/f+EKEbWl5lYi8LBZJOH/j/mNSRwiR/3y5js7k5JMv2+UIC9iDJ2NpSO8ulwgOCMADx2MogduIvt8Seoy6Bvqy+HGmzzbslhsKiOLkrFy22zHq2zVQrvn3T1dTGvf3ef4P4wgCH07nUyywcN0SFonouzUs4CEwO/l5c93CRfBj4Febx87oAT35hiJbxgYrLRFIEPI7jp7ifvDjPs9n+x6SciE4i8sq6WO2aWP9CREJ22UXFFGADwtNbls8i8TeQR3p9+8t5ZuWerkp+obLG96v+yVCzhKIM4i4nkEBYgOISdwclFdVUwSX2b9bZxHaADc+cakZlJSZy+09R8EsRCFY41KzKDolXYTx0q0HqRfbCOP4vZVbWUimUifuo6TMHBkjvfg6sH1rRwWgoihthlstALvzhInJGUJo8ewJdJYnLUz6z82fQbPGDKHugX50ODJehMI2njiH9+0uIgIiDKJw4tB+LKg8LkxumMBX7TxMQf4+9F0uY3jfbjJZ7T0WTT07+4s3KJknvsG9gmnq8BDqxuXDs2JgKQDfWr5ZPFX3Tx5J3bieId07y+Q9qGcX8aLBM2Rra00HuL7TRw6kD9fsaPT4ziyAMLFDpPzi8ftEBB44EUO/fOJ+msT1H9W/pyxsgHCdMWqgeBDnTx1F900aIfVHncOjkuj+KSNFXEFozhk7mIWYL3UJ6CBirC8LWsOD48lCF6ITImnuONjQnz7dsIueXzCb5o0bKsIVnrFXv9rA9R5wibiKY2EDUfDDh+aKzf/z5Vp6YOpoFmFd2Y4dyZpFJjyxk1jsLd26n6bx+WiLk709De3TjYXuusuOhxDqz7ZYyf0yc8wgeu7+GdLHdmy7YXzO+EF9xCO5lUVxAoufR+ZMFE+o2Dk2WdrftaOvuYYmAYhx+IvH76dRIT0oO7+YhU6N5JCu2BlKT9w1Reoe0i1IxCk8mfCCbWKR9sJDs+mu8cNE/IFqHuvLth2k8YP70JN8HsRdZxZEEKcQc/DMTec+eXjWeL5WTwo7nSCesa+57XPHDqEn5k2mkf17UGeIRRZ1Ywb0Ek9zYnoO/d93F9LAnkG0fl94k/0JwZxXXErzWfh37ejHYxRj9bR8Hw6eiBVhPGFwXxozsJeIeZzbGMfYTvV8EwWht/Poab7WSFo4cxz1CQ6kI6fjRRga48OJhVs/Pi4jt4j8+LuD/sINV2FpGf3xuUU0dmBvaX8Kf08gqlHHBdPHSn/iO3Q6MU0Wj6BMeOBbM5oDqCiKcgtBiAneLcwtCDFatW8vogRA+D3IE5azowN9tWUf/fOz1RImNrIHMQkW8EQ2gAWHjbUpPIny4JFqx//B24cfeHleeW+phDqbyj2MT8uWiXDptgP05aa9tG7vUQn/wUMCwbBmb5iEY+EtgoerqePhcQMQemgTPHTwWEIsApQHsYJ2wkME0YTPEX7DTzcWjk6OJs8PhGLcmUy+xkG5xpZDJ+gc17+5VcsQnBA8ENMG8IDWnzsrAskSRNK7BPiI56egpFS8qPtYPH+5eZ9cLyopXeoE4Q7xgFBiYnq2CBSEWZs63liNDGGNUC/EeaCPN329Zb8IbdgRnuCSikoRuTgXdoR3DcKuYR+FdA8SAYmy4VmDjZMzc6iiska8cTj/y817RfwBXB/jAQLJEggZhFohvFAvlAfhPmv0IBl7sBv6An0DXJ0dqKisQkLGo1ns4XiA873N/Ql6d+ko3ror9Sdy8NJzCuibnYekzmv2HBGvZCUL2l89eb9cF/b5ZN1u8ea1BE9XJ7kGxJm1dXvxDLdkhXAI2wa2BBjTCOkjnJ1TUCIhddRv+fZQWV0OL+KVcnZbAyoAFUVRbiEQRFZQIo2AOceTJ9rFs8bTH55bKN6R3eGRVMWTFcAkj9AmwmjGqmKE4CAEWEbwhGhFc8YOod898yA9c880WrcvTARZY8BzBw/Vzx65W35+yj9P3T1VRMSUYSHiCUEoE+FXexYKzR0PDK8TcsAQej579uKkDFF39tx5aTtyAi2fQ5iZV8Ttq5W/IWanDA+RsnGNnyyaRz9YOIc68bWbAh7DwpLyS8ReAotViBM/Lw/zOwYsGlj4QKjgM3gTH5kz4UKbvv/gLFowbayUCa/VKhYuCBX787HIgWzqeFez9wmeWnhpXVjAw6v2m2cekJDy5tBj3DYPtmEHbttdF87/zv3TxStnCC0DiCsIemD87uzXgevlRC8smH3hfHgbZ40eLP1j1a79hZsCA9gbAhpjwBA0mXmFsjId/WPaN/nSc+AxhtcUnk2DHB5fyLE0QDtR5Sv1J2w2rG83+vHD86S+P+Hfzz8wS7ypGOfP3DuNfvP0A1RVUyM3FC0B10S9DRr/Jl2OkzlXUzCfhJzbnkH+9L0HZkr9Xlx8l/x9z8ThMk5aOyoAFUVRbiHNTVjwSiCXbXPocfG2YRJycbC/MOFBKCCkCM8UvBVhUYkS/oR3CkJhK5/30ZodkpuHC0GINBQFBvBSIfy1YX8E7T8eQ3/9eKXk7uF4eMjunjCMTsanUr+ugVc83pKBPYMlHPe3T1fK8St3HZIFG/DS4H2Eb99ftU0Wjuw/Hs3lhV/w/sweM5gO8HvI8UJo763lm+hIZIJ81hQQVgjVIi8SYUrkUL7zzRZ6+p4pFxZoNAbqPZvFMjxxxsKZv3+6ivKKS8S7BE+qHQsriBh4jK50vAG8dX/8cDkt235QhBc8bwhvQlBWVldL/hnC/u+v2k6frt9lPqsBjQwSeLAQOkYOHPodeXjIvUTeZ1NASI4b2Fu8yfDoIrfzjaUbqbSissmBCI8evNCfbdgjDw2Hx/OdFZsveAktuVJ/IqUhOSOXVu86TBGxyfTJul20MTSCyiqr6Ef/+lBsiDxBhH49XJzFLvCQGs/va5zmvkFXRyDfcCDPdRl/lxBmXs599sWmvZLz2hbQHEBFUdoMtzoHEEA4+Hq5SR4YhBySy+HpMjxREFtYcYpkeHjTkNMHDxpWVmLSnTJigHjVDJA/hXw7WY2ZVyT5aMP6dJV8P4QOEcJD2BK/540fdon3rB1Pdsb1EaJFOBDew6KycurXrROLvuFkZ2PKmQv292EBZHNhEQkm+6aOh8cIIVi0Be0a1CtYPFLI+8PK5DljhkgeWY/OAdSlo68s1jiTlU8VLIjw+BuER+eOG0rebq4UFNCBChCaKyyV3D/kERreRUtM1/QXj1Wv4EBpJ1Zb19bX03S22bhBfS/zrEHcdPBwFe8TgKCCNwuCGWFU5CgifGych9Am6oO8ONDc8Vjkgdw82Bf5Y0aeGcL907g+sN/gnl0kDJzNNvT3dhdRCHFpCcQQFkygz1EuvLrwVnq5u4jYwnUzcgv4erZ0z8QRYleITHgHkcfWEOTZoR2mfqugiZJz11vGJWyI1bqGfeFdw7H9unamrh19xFuIlbuoP3JS0X54QbEy3cfDXa7bXH/CM4rwMQQfFjahXTNHD5LzMdaRr4pFMX27dKKpI0JEzFrx+EH+qeXqddQV3xHkwyKMG9jBS+qKmx7YAXU28mQNYMdAvh6+LzgWHlT0hXzG18B3AI+XwYKZeh4z6FOkXswdP1QW6bQF2pWW5Lf+QLeiKApTd/48LS8voyM1l+YbPe7iyiLQ/qYIwGsB4V1TXhfCXY3XChE9HAdRYwlCkFh1jPcb89o0BOUgPNjYdbCDiR1PnpY0d3xDTGFGU24YKGYBAs/Y3eOHUwdPV5nATyWm0ucb9tCfvv/wJZM42taS+luCuvH/LxN+VwJhUpzR8DwjzN6wHk0dbwk8nnXcfoiNhrbCZ5ZhzKsF57fj85u++uWgz0zjpeWhTbQTCahN9fX19ifGx9nzJhvBlqbuu/r+uxGITfm638a1vy2ufQQqiqIoNwVMlPDONCeyME81FH8A50C0tVQ8oZymrtNQ/IHmjm8IvDiWE6osaKitp0837KaS8koqLCuXR4CMDuklXh5Lrlb8AVzqWiZwhHAbOw91aKweTR1vCQQe7NeYra5H/AGcf7WtRH2vNq8N7Wyur6+3PzE+bOF5N9sS/7+W/rsRiE2/pWt/W6gHUFGUNsOd4gFszcBr9NXmfXQiPoVftaNxg/rIo2UQPlbuPLQ/71xUACqK0mZQAXj7gJWiCP+1hQfutgW0P+88rs8PrSiKoijXAJL3VSy0HrQ/7zxUACqKoiiKorQxVAAqiqIoiqK0MVQAKoqiKN8K9WfPyb7DeBjwrSA6JUO2ZVOaBo8RwsOfsW90cxSVVsiex8qdiwpARVEU5brAA49DG4gBPONt+5GTze7ji8+wg0R+SZn5nZvL4cg4Ss7IMb9SGgPP68PevQXFzfdJTmExrd0TZn6l3ImoAFQURblDwZZZsSkZVN3MdmC3AnjWsN+tJRB3K7aHynPimqO2rk68TreCurr6Cw93VpqmurbW9BDoBuBZf4npOdJf2NsZxyl3LioAFUVR7lAQpsPeq3gW27eJscuEJZAP9Sq2WhXYonD30Uju67axV25rR/cCVhSlzfBt7AUMYZSSkUtRyelUVV1D7i7OF3ZXqK6to5PxqbInKhQT9osFcWcyZScQ7GEKEGKFxwVnIfSGPW9jUjLk78jENHJxdCB7O1sqq6yWvVsT0rNl1wd7OxvZjP80H4N9YLGPq+WODKlZeXQ6KY1KK6vIy9VF6gVRmZ5bIKIOdauuq5P9drE38emkdNney6nB4z7i07IoLSefpgwPMb+D/L6ztOngMZo1erC0A+WivIw8056rKAfHHI6Ml71g7WytKSEtm6pqari+6WI3XCcmOUPsgz2FYRNQXlUt9U7k4224bDx+BLs44H08kLiwpEzONexnEBGTJHsBY19YgD2TE85k8bntxeOFNpSzDWE741zYTXYEMe+6kldUInvdwvtq7OMLj9ipxDPSruqaOopiO8EmEMHGMUkZObK1Hn7b2dpK31gCm+M87GWMbd4Qqvbi/sIetahbNNsB10Ff4D20H/2N3WCQ14ixk8W/cYyxBVteUal46Rzt7WSbvOiUdBlb2GYQ9TJ2voBnL4rLy8grlGN3hp2isQN7X9gDGWD8xvO5Kdl5PN7sZecM2BN7UUfx+KqoqpH9ig1Qp1MJZ6QOuFbDnUEAxhiOw/hEGoAHX8/Y3QZtRhuxn7QT16mwtFz6F3tPx6RmcF3Qb+1kD238bq59SuOoAFQUpc1wqwUgJqK1e8Po6637KSu/SCbWGhZU3Tr58aft6L9fraMTcak8CRbRmr1HZXLrFuhH//1yvWzSD7ECPlm/S35jEn172WYKi0pgoZMqQgcTZEVljQgATMhr9oTRsdgUmQAhIpZuOyAewtBTcTKhhnQPki3K1u8Pp0+5XAizvRHRIpxG9OshIuzrLftp2+GTlMuT996I0ywU82lL6HGZzMOjk6hv10ARCgYQO5jEvbm+mSwi8JPOIgULPCAAIWD/8dlqSmORE38mW+zQPdCfBZP9BQGIhSD/+mINJXKdM/MLafXuI1TA7cNCA4ifPRFRNHlYPxEMry/ZKGIyv6SUdhw+JcLD39uD3ly2SURQbEqmeEYnDe13QbgBSwG4ctdh+mLTXr5GudQHYvg4262chUxmXpH0EbZC23rouISx/bzcRVwt33FIwqBr9hyh6SMHSvmRLP7eXr6ZxgzoRe+t2iZ9g0USsBkESqCvF32wejsdOZ1Au8MjqWdwAPlwPQyBsu3wCXpnxRZp72E+JoaFzNZDJ2jqiAG0dOsBrl8kHY1KJCvu//ziUnp/1XbK49+w+SG2XyQLLVx744EIEVUdfbyk3D3hp0U4dfb1pne/2SL1gaDFb1xrYM9gSsvOp9eWbKBoFp/os2OxyZTE7ZvG17YUgBhXUclp0re4yegS4EtbDx8XryBuDrZyG+xZ2Hbt6MttPC32QF1hiyOn42lwr64XBLwBbijeWr5JBP7+49Fix4E9guVG5I2lm6RfcvhmZ+fRUyJAS8oqTceeiOa+aU8buL1ebi5sS7cm26c0jQpARVHaDLdaAGay6Ptm52F67v4ZdNf4YTK5Ld12kAVUJ9rMkxQ8Li89fi+NH9SH+vF7H63dQYN6dZHFE4P5ty+LDoDJ1dfTjdydnUS4/XTx3TR/6mjqHdyRsvOLafHsCSKidrNYc7SzpR8/PI98PN15Et1Az82fQXPGDqHJLIb28SQLt1RtfZ2IzJefnE+zxwymsQN7iWCqqDYJyXX7wrn8kfQIl4vJHuf9+qkHZJuvsKh48u/gKeUb9oIAxKQfzZM0BCJ+jsUl8yftaOKQfvQGC7ZhfbvRd+6fLm2FF23F9oMioCAOUPdaFsubD0bQE3dNpvsmjRShBzHyi8fvoykjQuhLFms9OvnzdaJYCFvTjxbNFS+VNYuiJSxyJwzqSx+v2y22xjUhhFBPwxsGDAEIkQcR+eun5tNctg2Ewqfrd4tXblRIT1mYMm5Qb6qtq6dVu45QSnYujerfUzyl+Oy+SSNoL9sEAhaC5/MNe0RUlldVUXlFNX3vgZk0juvW2c+bbwCOUv9unWnvsWgqqaikP353EQV28BIPGoA3791vttIz906j+VNGiUcNQg7e3XsmjqBdLP7gHX3psXspgEUubibumThc+h82hY0ycgtp5uhBLBITRLQZHk6I5HYspuK4fzCmXnnuIZoyrD/14/rgmoEsFA+ciBHv6gsLZtMYrjOEZXhMogh3SwEY0r0zebvzDQmPn6fumUJlbAuU+eiciVJvNx6buNnp17Uzi9nNtHDmOFo4YxwL05588xErnurRLFIt+ScL/hmjBtJjXMaMUYNE8AF48fYfi6E/fW8Ri/7+ct0vNu+lAO5PCM6ZXDd4mztx/XEjEhoZ12j7gtgOHX08pUzlci7eGimKoig3FEzMEGnw6sH7EeTvQ7995kEWT24iJO5lIYGQHsKNPTr706CeXcQT1RA8LgUhLtCnS6AIQwcWKxBCVjzB27IIgicKr/t16yQT98n4ZOro6yXCEuUjRHzf5JESgtx3PEbEU6+gAPkM3sLHWXgdiYyXa3i5O9Okof3lM9RVJn8PFwn9ebg4U1FJuQgsS+AVfP8337vw88bPn5H3MWGf5//uZ5EADyfssGjmeBa/RWIfSzzdXKg/CwiTPQJkwsf1EeLtyOIHZSFU6ubsQHsjomTSr6yuporKavGE9mFbw6sJLxtEl0uDULVB2OkEGssCz2g/rgMRAyDSJQydlE75xWVsG0dKzcyTvyG20X54A59lwbb54DFZAAMPGPa/PRGbKv2AFdGoG7ypCClDLEE4DenVVWxt6ZVMYHHWi+s9qFew1MXb3UVEKcLQAqvsiUP6y966VXzzgutDMEPYQqyjHzGGGqPenKuH1c/dWDxDAKNe8DB2C/Sl/TwO4DGbxTcBKB9lTuZ+7+DuJudZgrGFOiEcjnqiYvC+QTzj9YDuQRIGhhfPgccawsq4FoSvn6eHeDAtx0x+URkVl1bITQXGJnYS+RXfZIxkoY1xuGD6GPHsouyhfbrSiL7dpX4YZ1+xGPx84x62R530RVPtOy43IUpTqABUFEW5SWCihxfJWCCB3xAD7fg/TGaYJA0wN8LbZkyyVeaVvZXVNVRQXHph8vRgAWGagC8HQtDZwSQGkGeG1cGWj2FBKBgeM1y7uLzikgm5kEUdxBne8fVwv5CnaJlHhb8l38r8uiUgbA0BCyFkUFRWzuWYPrPEkUWAIwsRYHaQXQB5cbi21It/Q7Agzw8/904aKWIEnrd544ZJWPvPH31j9kJeDuwE0WgJzgHwAs4bP4yWbt0vHjR4ayGQVu48RAdPxVJIj85yzWF9uotw/N83W2l0SC/Jr7S2NtXRqJsb99WU4f0ltw34eV0urDBGqrmPz1usl4GHEqIZWHO7IQql7Txu0J+WC26Qi2i8hlcRtjYwbiYgvGt4LBj2MtW/m3g7geUqcuQMWpbfHBhHEHsA7UCNjTGP941rwQu3ePZ4CaEbtDeL4FqLVeJlFZV09uxZEZsims3gvEquI0Lys8cM4X6eJd7VraHHaf2+cPk+NdY+pDQoTaMCUFEU5SbRyddbFhbsCDslHqQdYScllFlRVS3h1RU7QsVLgVAwPFe5RSXiMUTOGHKiINg27I+QcGhL4TlSGNK7izkH8SjlFpaIBwbPd4OnBuFC5Ht9uXkfZeUX057wKLn+XROG8VTKXNR81w1sgMn61a/WSeI+ft5atlk8Px08LhdEzQFxiPrHpWaKJwwhYSzIMETDPz9fLbZ7cOpoESLIu2yMiUP7yeNzVu8+TEWlphxAy8fYjB7QU8Lh6Le+XQIl3BgRmyQ5dyHdOssxsDNC2BDtI/v3EOGOcCWuiQU1vYMCKDO3kIV8nQgSsanRORbAU4mw6xeb9kjeGrxYmw5GyHMUBYtTICSxOGLN3jDJ/8Qili1cb9wkAOTCweuIsYY2oSyA9AN4KSHMugf6SR5fOH+GNAPkmiLnE2Xh2X+rdh2m/KJSOe9KGDcJlqB/4JGEZxReOKQkIMzcnfsKfWLg4eIo7yEXE6kSqOt/vlwn3wWMT/RN6Mk4scnXW/ZRTHK69Mkn63ZKO6Zyn4wf3IdyeGzPHjuk0fb17BxgvprSGCoAFUVRbhJI9L9nwnD6hoXek394k77YuFdyneDRGcGi4Z4JI+jvn66m7/31PQmd/WjRPAnrLZwxVkTOY79/Q/KhIKDg/bga4IH53oOzJFT6zJ/elgUWM1iwDO7dVYTCH55bSOEsCp/7yzuSe4i8rhF9e4inCV4nQ3ngNTySxtXx99XUBV4+5CEG+HjRS69/Tr988wvy7+BB350/8xIBgSLhnTQwrmsAgYWfOeOGiGj62ycr6bt/fVdy5cYP7isrZv29POnnr35Kj73yBtla20guYGP4e3tKuHHV7iNiY+RVQjQawGMGLyDCv1hcgtD3mJBe1DPIX0K4BhCefbp0JF+zZw8hfISQ/8p1e/pP74gHEmISi26aAuH6FxbMofDoRHr8lTfpfyu3Sr0tbWEAz+KCaWPoVHyqHPvbd5dQcICP5IYCjKmTCSky1tA2LOQAIT2C6MXFd9HybQfZZv+jPRGn6fG5k6S8eeOHSh1e/O+n9Oyf3xGxinD/teLK4/fHD99FxSysf/CPD2TcwROHXElL0L9PzJtEsakZ9N2/vEuvvL+MhvbpJvl7OB71+/eXa+mp/3tLwv5ISUC+H8r568ff0PN/f5/eW7mNRof0pJF8fGPtQ1hZaZp2pSX5V+PNVxRFuWOpO3+elpeX0ZGaS8N/j7u40iA7+xvp+LoEhFqxGhPiDiLGEnjp8I9wY4/JKKuoloUGV6G3GqWyulYmw4bFIAKMkCLExtUKzGsBXq1z58+Jt+5GAM+Xg53dBfvAO4ZQNl4iJAuR0RwIdeKxLbBNw/YjlBrH4gQhYACvGjxQQSzGAa6Flc3ITbN8/A1Af6Nu4vm7ChD2hHBvOEYM4OGCR8y0kIXHBpcPz+72sJP00qP3SmoA6o2wMLylDVuPeqEMPDqnYXvxSCI8lgdl3iha2t/wdEPcNUxtqK8/J4/FaTh2kU6A3EXcSBkhaNBc+5TLUQ+goijKTQZCBDlqjU3sEF+NiT/g4nT94g8gt66xYlA2Jt1bNVkiBHijxB+AaLCsOtoBUYDFA1cSfwAeRnjBGms/nkdniD+Acg3xB/DoFTxCpbFHjeDaVyv+AJ7n2JT4A8hTfH/1dnk0jqO9veSQIrwKr6MRXkW90abGWo96Ic+zsfYin+9Gij/Q0v6GV7WxvFbkVDY2dnFT1MnX6xLxB5prn3I5KgAVRVEU5SqAp+mzDbslVGn5qJSbjaerE80chfy4I/Sjf31Iv377KxGNeLSOZbhcUVqChoAVRWkzfFshYKV1UVd/VnI28Xifph7BcrNA6Lmmpk4equ3sYCcLaZryICtKc+gtg6IoiqJcBRBcWEF7q8UfQHgTOXE9O/vLY2hU/CnXigpARVEURVGUNoYKQEVRFEVRlDaGCkBFURRFUZQ2hgpARVEU5Y4Bz9fLzi+6ZBu9WwWeG4jnz+F5ebcjsImxheDNAs8YxLMWsRL6dgPPtIQNGqsb3sOuIVhEo5hQAagoiqLcEUDcYOuwZdtDKTo53fzurQPbvq3YflC2TLsd2XggQlYn30yw9R62rcNK6NuN9NxCWrf3qDw8uiF4QPR/vlx70wXynYQKQEVRlNucorLyFm/QfyWwgwQmQ4DJMCUzV3YjuROAAMO+xrPHDpZt15oDjh7svtIcsGlFVU2LvUI4voTrUH+D+uJ6QT8mZ+SIVw6UV1Zd+PtqgEcVewG3hNq6OiqGl032r7m9wDjGbiqNdSf6uACey3M3rt7YhhDj8U5FBaCiKMptDEJXf/14Je0KO2V+5/rAvsRr9hyRbbryi0vFa4Qtzu4EzrHwwgOPPVycyN7Oxvxu4ySwoPn9u0tki7OmyCkopreWbxI73ImUVlTS2r1HJSx9PYSeiqOVOw+ZXykt5UhkAoXHJJpf3XmoAFQURblJQLzB45ZXVCreKyM3CZ4k7H8K4QGPTQUfg9/Y49QytIZcM3jpnl8wm8YO6iOiDTlw2NsX52JrMMt8J4gd7FlbKnlQpq3DzjXweMwdN5RmjhnMx9ZyHSpF/KEultfFeYaXENTw35YeSFwH7QE4DvvT4gfHwaNmHAuBgvcbC7uhbUYZAO3A8QjfwWb4HB48vAfvjdiM21UDDxTXu4ptAJq6ftcAH3rxkbvlOXkoA+UVcXnIEzPAQ5SfuGuy7OYBe8AWOB82hJ2bAv0Am6F+lvmAuC7y49DfKMcA9sRxprLx2aUPIjfaCm8SbGX0GN5Hu3Aty+sAjBe8j3rit2Fj9Dfaa4wtA5SJ41AebAb7ob3wmJXxuMOYKi6/9DpNjV8AG1j2jwHqk1tUItdpGCbG+Wi7pccZdbEcoxhbhu2vZE8D1BF93xDYBH2JNjYHysLYwLGoD4436i7jju0Gbx/aijagvhDdYruKaqmPhQnuGHQnEEVR2gy3eieQzLwiWr37sOxZWsgTxvC+3WhYn27idYtJzSBHOzvZBxWJ6/issNS0wf3okJ6yr+mB4zEyicWnZdHoAb3kszW7w6j+3FnTBMXtuWv8MOoV3JHScwto+fZQmVzbt29Hvfm96OQMeubeqXINg62HjpODvR1Vc7kRMUmUmJ5DfboE0gNTRlEn8163S7cekIcN3z1huLzedviEiKShXHewhD/H3rHTRg6gb3Ycoqz8IrLnNtrZWLMYOEf3Tx4lkzbO8+DzSrjtD04fQ4E+XnI+QOh53b6j9IOH5shriJG3l2+mmaMHUejJWNkTt4jtgfKmjhhAXVjQfbhmh+Sg9Q4KEHsM6BHU5PWxB+2n63fRo3Mn0Wfrd1NABw9KyymgeyYOF9sAiJQdYadoxsiBFM62iEpK4zHQjmpYJNaxEHhs7kR52LIBjn9v1TbZfg1CAWIA+wVPGR4ie/Cu4LqkZOaI6Kyurac5LLQH9epCr361noK5/sn82VkWDyh7Gl9T+pwFztp9YZSVV0w2Nu3J1tqG5owdQt0CfWn5jlC5JtQbPJ9P3T1F9o4GUUnptOlgBEWnZFAvtseEwX3peFyyiBU7W1vxlmJP4IUzxslvjLkTcanyN/b8xT69GBc2bOdd4ZF8XiVNGtqX7T+Y/Lzc5RqNjV8nHjvf7DzE/eFLpSyAzrJ4Qv/gwdjYG3kVH4+xCdtg/+v7Jo+8sF0ehNP6/Ufl/dEhvWSc7g4/LTbu0clPRBTGhKebM43q31PyPZuy5108NmEj8Cn3b6/gAPJydaHtR07Sk2ynDP4+4Hz0J66DMY56v/rik7KXsAHstXZvmHx/7NluPh6ulMrtuJ/r3TXQj7YdOkGneVzYWLfndp2jiUP6ir3RN7EpmVL2iP496L5JI5rdx/l2RD2AiqIoN4mT8akyKdw1YRhNHtpPPDLYvP94bDI9OHUMLZo5jnx5sj0cGSceG3itDp2KE48C2MoCyt3Vic7k5It3Bl6bfcejKaRbZ3p45nga2CNYXsMD8trXG1iY2NPi2eNp/tRRLAZSZOKCULEEXiYsYhjauxtNGzGQunX0pXnjhpKPp5v5CKJuPBmvYDGJc+GR2374JH21Zb98BkGy/1gU9ec6hJ6MEy/Qg9PG0EMs8CAgD5yIFdG6ctchcmOBAREJgWq0yaCC22KZdwaPEsQdxPB+Fr5g4cyxItY2HzwmghP74MJGs1kIwAbNXR91h3CGzaOS08SD8/CscdTZLHIBhFhGbqEIlryiEu6HeBrSu4v0CwTSJr5uQ/JZ2EKMzWfBDLEKEV3INtl44BgLrBSpyyLuGwiFzzbukTAzwtEb9oeLuEK/QUi/uWwjZeQV0ubQY9wnpdLWR2abBOdHa3eIF2xL6HHZ53cei3wIN3jpDCAoZ7Edgv07iF36dg00e89qaRbXC21AzlsMC8Q9EVG0fl+4jAsIwi7c5xCE8HqNG9yHQroHUSdfL7brEBZnF/c2bmz8wmMEIe3IQnDh9Iv9gxuPTzfsps6+3tyOCbR41gTpg50ssA2PH8SSh4sz7ToaKV439FPoqVjT+dz/EJQQ4b48FmGX5uxp6UVNzc6TthjAW/ifL9dLXR6eNV7G4H7+njQEIhU3AGgP7LKQbWbH4+xodCKVVFRSEl8nLCpBBPli7hvc8KznfkQe6D1c5sCewSJ8pwzrf0fuxawCUFEU5Sbh5+0uExwmcj9vD5owpB+LkXSaO26YbOXlz+/NHDWQ/Lw8+Oh2ImAwsWGSg3jJY1HYt0sgf4JPTWDCHdy7q3i0unMZlTyJxiRnUEpmHj02d5IIiGB/H/H8YYJrCjcXR+rg4UqOLCwg/jDxGQzp1VXEZDhPhPEsyuApwiM0zmTnU2TCGRYLHaSupxJSaczAXuKJQVtG9+8pggT04Lrt5oke7R8zsDf1DjJ53ZrCsq7w5i2YNlY8hr2DAkV0tucJFt4ZCA/U18XJodnrW4KyIW46sSDA+U3Rka83KqQXBXBZEMhpLLwbgrpNHzmQgvg6nf06iEBCWHrTwXAWakOpK4sr1GXMgF7iJUvOzJXzEHqHFwr9Nm3EAOmjPeGnKSEtm8/xEWGempVHXu4ucl3YGt62VbuPSPsXsMB1cbrouXK0h7fKjRy5PrALvJIQIcP6dqNebGvUAeIeC4gOsPiBiDSuP3V4f/kbNoV3DlvawcsHu8JzatBw/MLTiXEIMXrvpOFsL88L/QNPZiyLTVdnR6k7PGqoA9qHGxQDCKbM/CIRXfC+Wbe3omOxSSJeIeJgX19Pd/FuNmdPS2TsWAx1iEh4uB+YOtr0PeEbmkUsBBsi3vUz2eKlxHXQ77NYpHu7uUh5EMDu/D3BdxIe6+qaOgkJ4+8ObCvYDe2FRxMe+zsNFYCKoig3iX5dO0mIEzlRv3n7K3pjyUbx7CC8akg6hKgwmQM3nkwG9AiW0CnCWlN5wjUEizG/IQwMbxjAvrAopaq2VsqwnIRwHjwu1wLOWzR7gngg4eEaFdKTFrIAWb/vqHgV4TVCWA4eHjsLwQCvma2N6TU8Kt97YKZ4In/874+4rOPyvgGqJvO2WfghjGvg7+XO5ZjCaVZWaIPF7G5Bc9e3BKIGgu1KQGgYNsP1G1sdjAnfWIACc8vhfBi8s5YiGn1hyzYycsmcWaCZSjZ9hjAshAXagEe3wPOLn+MshgZ0D5ZjXvnOQyLiPlm/i57/+wciqpoDbXd1cpR6AYhTNAFeQWcWbRev314E45VoOH7fXLZZ6gvhaYQ7jf5BCB+CCuPFaEtSRo7YHf1igPDrJL4RWrXrMH+eKzcKYwb0FpGJGw7cKKANzdkTf0OIAXgOISQtVyVDTMr3xmgw49pIe9G/cNwhfG8AG0qYnc+t4nJSs/LpUKSpPWFR8eTFgtkyhHwnowJQURTlJgHPBiaoHy6cS7975kEJRWLyRDgwIT1LJk3kX2GiNETOeBZXKVl5kk8FT5OBMZfBy4MJ8AL8Z/dAP/GIIeyKECqeh/b+qu0XxNW1AG8aJmGEaeF1RPgL3kt4c3oF+Yv4DOnemfYei6bsgmJpC8KvprYQLdlyQCbhXz85n8YP6ktbDl0qALEAA2IYYVAImxU7Qs2f8IRsnoCvRHPXt8TSXM1hYyEEmuIy+5u5Z+IIETXI84M3DKHPRK4LvE8AuXTI+8TCgb3HomQsTB4WIvlkHdxdJTfx0bkTWRAF0NA+XUWMrtt/lOaMG0p/fX6x2ONYbIqU1RSolVUjon/84L60Zk8YxaZmyvX3RJwWoXYlGo7fE3HJsvihsf5BfREShfcRuZMIN8OzPbQ3vMmXii+EzuPPZEo+KsLP8E7uDDtJR6OTaFAviN/m7YnvUET+FRbDAAD/9ElEQVRMsoR6EdrFzYPlUIdwra2vo00HjsnilZSsXLmhagi8nvCYb9gfIV5XLMJC2N94tMtgrouPpyvNGDlI8i/HDuxDPbl/+vD3AeP/TkcFoKIoyk3CzcmJvtq8j155bxn964u1NJJF1f1TRklY6u+frqKf/vcTOhGfSv48URqiAmE/eFnunTRCQkwGTUo5/sDJwZ5+9sg9dJwFws9e/ZT+/skq6saisDFvWEuB1wYhP4RhPd3gdbQVT02Qv4/kcYFxg/qIyPzdu0voxf98QicTUqhjB9NCD18vN3pnxRb6zTtf8cSeQPdMGCHvGyDRf2RID3rlf0u5vqsvLMy4Gpq7/q1G8hJZkP7jszX0izc+F8H76JyJFxZUQFB/vGan1BOP4nn23ukSuob4Qdjzn5/zea9/TmGnEyRHD+I5r7CU/vj+MvrtO0vIzsaGRvTrIWVdLQj5jh3YW67xs1c/oyOn41msBZk/bZrGxi/6rTHgOX187iTxZv7yzS+5zl9TYWkZ+VssojGAp3sGi0AsVAny95ZQM0LSfjxmEP4FzdkT+ZcR0Yn0In9/4J3zYgFtKcpRxxcX3y03VzgG+bHI7WwIxDxSAxAK/8N7y+lnr30mNySoH3zrfYIDqX+3IL6Z2kYv8vfqsw27yYfriP5qDegqYEVR2gy3ehUwxIk8QqKoREQTwkfwnpgS4OvksRLw/iB8hckIYTUkoH+8dif9/QePXgg1IccMuVLteJLFqksjT0sej8Kvra2sxWuC0Bc8gBAPDnY29P2/v09/ff6RSxL7TSE0U3jw4vlcdiMeDXh7sMABYhJgwQXag3wpA5SH9xFGMzw94iHisovKTI+B8fVAzp69TLSW4NyS8goRl/DG1EnbrGRBiCFeUUcs1kA4EPaUYyzq29T18SkeDYKVwfhthM0tkfL4fOOa6AfDtggxWtYDWB6P6/NLfl0v14NHCMdXVFfL+7gezsVxL/zjAxZ80yTciUeuIL8SIsLwImE8oFx4oCD6jfOw6EJC4/y3H/I0+RzLXmpYH/wNIYaxBEyPSmkntjHVrUbKRBjb5ChsJ+fiOKzQbXjD0Nj4NY3BpvrHZA94iVEHjEOU3xgYq1gMhfQCkJ5TIItAkPNq0JQ9US/0KVaJe7qaVrhb8ZhA243vB87Bo32w+Ag5izK+2D6op6UNAd6HN7qypkZWEv/stU/pqbun0qCewTIO8Dm+VxhfqIeRJmCyr+m7dCeiAlBRlDbDrRaAVwsmGjxmBIn5C6aNuSR3qjkS0rLo9/9bSv/33EIK7ugj5ew7FiUrHP/8/YcvCALl2wEC8Dv3TZfH1ii3D8hZxKOHkHc7QfJarSU0D8/1X1945BIPfGtE/1VQFEW5TcCjSLLyimTFY0vFH4CH7pE5E+njdbtkQnvt6/W073iMeDFU/ClK48AriEfp4DFMry/dyMJvszwrEI+ewaKZ1o56ABVFaTPc7h5APLcNyegIgzUMx10JhKoQRkMOE3IC8UgLbw/Xb71NCtHBE7HyLETLULxye4AQNp7BiYdeY8EIVi1jQUtToevWhApARVHaDLe7AETeEv9f8pyuFeRHIWdMhd/tA0QG+lT75PYFXxvkgLaG1b0tRWMDiqIotwmYe65H/AEVGrcfEBXaJ7c3+Nq1JfEHVAAqiqIoiqK0MVQAKoqiKIqitDFUACqKoiiKorQxVAAqiqIoLQYPdv7bJ6vkgcKKoty5qABUFEVpQ2D3BOytalpxfCnY9xW7jjRHbd1Z2Z8VK1sVRblzUQGoKIrShsDeqfuOR8s+rA05cjqBtoQel2cKNo0KP0VpDagAVBRFaUNUVtVQRVW1PPOsIdj7dPygvlfYPUQfaKIorQGrl19+6RXz34qiKK0a+LWiamsp42y96Q0zg+zsyM/a+oZLGzyUOT23kDYeiKBdR09RblEpZecXy84Dfl4elzzz7/1V22X7N3jgjkYlkAPXqYOHq2x6H5mYSuv3htPeY1GyW4G3uytV19TSmr1h1D3Qj6zNuxbsiYiiTr5e8jwzhHNX7jpEPp7usik/2Hb4BB04ESO7HmQXFMs1cK2ImGQKPRUn18sqKCJ/L3fKLymjDfv5mlwmwsZlldUUxscGdPCg3eGnZQuttrBbgqK0VtQDqCiKcpMoLC2nzzbspnbt29GokJ6SN/f11n10OukM/31pmBVia/m2AyywPKkj//zpw+UsGEtoV9gpFnJHKCjAh8YM7EUxqZn08bqdZG9nS3H8d3RKhpyPLeRwrTPZ+fI67HQCi7tEcna0l9egk683izw3EZA9OweIiPx6y34JB3ft6Cv7EMdymVksUv/y0Uqqqq4Vr2BpRSW9v3o7hZ6M5VLUA6gorQEVgIqiKDcJiDEvNxe6Z8JwGtGvB80ZM4T6de3U6AIMMGZgb5o2IoRmjh5MdrY2FMPiLjwmSfYG9vFwJXtbW+rfvTMdi02mdBZ8E4f0YzGZRnX1Z2nN7jARjtHJ6VL+8u0HaeqIAXyOjbl0ot7BHSnIr4N4CUf06y6ewUD+e8aoQTRleH/zUUQHTsaQm7MjLZo5jkYP6EX3ThpBg1kImtAcQEVpDagAVBRFuUkUl1WQp5vzBRGGkCm8b9ZWjf/T26OTv4SF27dvRw52tuKBK6+spkOn4mjJ1gPirdsaepw6cBl4v3snPyooLqP03ALafyKGFrJgQ4gZohEh3glD+ppLbpoAb09ysLc1vzKRX1RKgT6eZGtjLa+trayoa0c/+Vs9gIrSOlABqCiKcpMI9PGi5IxcEWNYWYtn6CHECo9dY8DrZwlEoJ+3O80aM4h+/dR8euW5h+jZ+6bRU3dPoQE9gsnL3UXyBiEMJw3tR8H+Hai2vp6WbTsgXjs7s4BrDojNhvsP9woKkLzAPBaC9WfPUhEL2T0Rp82fXvQAIs8QYW78VhTlzkIFoKIoyk0C4VV/bw/638qt9NayzfTxul1UXll1YdHGlbCztaa7xg+jyIQ0enPZRnp9yQb6dP1uqqiuEUecnY0NDe7VhZIycuiuCcMkpIsQbyV/Pn3UQHMpVw9C0aP696D/fLmW3li6iT5Yvd1CnF4Ui3lFJfTGko2UW1hifkdRlDuFdqUl+ZrQoShKm6Du/HlaXl5GR2qqze+YeNzFlQbZ2d+U4CYeuYJFFfD++Xm5y+INhII9XJwu8bwlpmfLIg0j7GrKH3RmUWdPxWXl4oXDCmCs1MXKXiOMDLG371g0TR0RIqHaHBZjCWlZLOB6inewISgHq5Nx/dq6eirlMuFJxMphhJXhQfR0dZadPtJyC0SwevBrd2cnKue2+Hi4UWZ+odS1js8/k5Mvf1vmGiqKcvujAlBRlDbDtyEADSC6GoZarxb8Y91YCQgvG8/uwwIQXAuh3RsByrvOaiuKchuiIWBFUZRbwPWKP9BUCZYPbsZlbpT4Ayr+FKV1ogJQURRFURSljaEhYEVR2gwIAS8pKKCdkXFUGptKtXlF8r6XlRV1dHOlsYN603j+cXF0kPcVRVFaKyoAFUVpMyRn5dKfPllNZ/j3eTy6BAluZhCixcIKPLrlhwvnUv9unW5I2FZRFOV2RAWgoiitHqxsPRwZT3/7ZJWsbr0SeOTJ4lnj6Z6Jw8nJ4eJWaoqiKK0FFYCKorRqIPiWbT9IS7cdlL1vr4Z544bSc/NnyAOZFUVRWhO6CERRlFZNWFQirdt79KrFH9h5NJKOnE4wv1IURWk9qABUFKXVUsWib++xKCoqLTe/c3XgIcsHT8TIA5gVRVFaEyoAFUVptWDXi9jUDIvda6+eo9GJlF9SZn6lKIrSOlABqChKq6WisppyCq5vn9qS8koqNm+fpiiK0lq44wUg/lE+i8c5NAChm1W7DtMXG/dSWWXrCd9g785dRyPpreWb5W/l6sG2WV9v2U/5xaXmd1pORm4BfbR2J51KSJWxV1xeIWXtCDsl5V4tX2zaK2NVuTkgBFx/9qz51bWDf0NU/imK0pq44wVgdkGxhGgasmTrATpwIkY2X8cG6a2F9JwC2nTwGHVwd73pzyiDyPl43U76dP0u2nrouGxOfy0gBAehg7I+37hHkuprvkXxeu7cedk8v6T86m8MPlyzk6pYsDmbHxSMxQVnsvNks/x217CT7N6IqBY9lkS5Ns6dv3pR3hiVVSzSVQEqitKKuOMF4M6wSJnMyysv3dw9KSOH7pownKaNHCCPcNh/PJqFSKb501tPTW09hZ6MbdJLdDI+lQrNierRyekUmXCGJ6/LZ5zcohIa3KsLPTBtNNlY31xhezopjcLMYi0iJon+9slK+tcXaykrv8jy+blXJP5MFp1kMdmeBSvE16aDEfTqV+sktPZtca3CoKisnO6bPIq6BPiIAM/hG5BZowfTEO6Ta9l/FfZQXXEpuMk52Mx35Wq4UTd/nm4s8PWZ0IqitCLuaAGI0NnhyDgJz2TmF5rfNXGOJw/LCRkiMSYl3fzq1lNdWysCtLFwNUjNzruwUjEqKV0EE9rQEJwPIXWr5qJ+XTvRd+6bTr984n7690+eoF5BAeJdLSmvMB/RMvoEd6TFsyfQ4/Mm0ctcFgQkwqZ3GugTSyEAAdfuBm68rxCdycnn72tUk9+VqwEPcb7eBzlbtW9PzlyG7gqiKEprwurll196xfz3Hcfm0OMiJHqyKIHXoE+XjlTPk8bxuGTay4IP/1yXVlRRalYehUWbPFn4R9zH000m7v0noin0ZJx4GrzcXOQf+oy8QgkrRyamUWFJGfl7e5guZgaf7Tx6irLyiymggxediE+RcKCdjbV8DlEaw0LPzdlRvA919WelLAd7OxGq3TsFUElZJe2JOE2RSWmy44CHi5MIqg4ebhR7JpMOn46jvOJSyfHz9XLnsm2k7MjEM/xZPKXnFnJb6ijIz0eEIhLUD52KowAfL8lLQ5tCT8Vy2ytlWyu0GeHcsopqSsrMkR0RELLEtldoS2J6jrTTxtrUBgNcr6q6lkb06yGv4XEM8u8gXkF3rrO9na20P7+4TMLD/t7ujU6Scdwm2GVgj2AW5e3Jiq8bnZwhZQ/t01Vy8fZGRFNYVALBH+bjgXJIbId8Rwhn7M3q5GAn5eNaEI8QyvDuerg6yXVwrIujvdgiPi2b/Lw8yNbcL/CcYkzEmfsG9h87sDd5sh3Kq6rFO7v/RIzUEzbHWEB+3/E4U/tOxadSYkaOhK8d7GykTyJikyg8Jonqz52V197msHxhSbnYzo/tAbEOEtOzyd3ZST7H2EMf2HE5O46copDuQfI6jccw+gv2ARgDO/nzmJQM8uTx6Yj2yycmUjLzxBaorwGugzYBfBcwDjDe4V022u/u4izjwY37EOUd4psoeHjr+Xvgw2OwIfDUwiOHY2x5jOQWl4h32hGiyHwMgP1hWxyHHysWxvheGWTmFdFutntOYYnYCl55/w6e4q2vrqmT7y3SOdCGFP7O4nz0r6uTo7mEqweCHeXmFV19vqdBZ39vmjNmCLk46f7AiqK0Hu5YAYh/2P/52RpaOGMsdfL1prV7jtCkof3lfUxWECaYACt4cscjHBJZEEBQYUIO9PGk/361niegGBE1Gw9EUFVtHfXtEigT8furtvGkaxItI/ubxA+AZ+JXb30pEyK8iduPnOSJ9Az179ZZRByoqKqhrzfvp64dfWUyhHhYuesQ+bMY+dfna2nO2CH04Zod8j4m0y827aHefN3l2w+KqErNzJUyIVyRaxbCZTuzqAEQH5hYC0vLuG61NCqkB721bDNPvKdEcEDQfLZxD0/0p4nated2HWORkEvD+3Wnb3Ycoi2HjovQgRjYevgET/zxMvni3GIWpdj7FALNoKEABBC18Fbi+hBJ//xstYR4IUJH9O8u7zWkoQDMZQGAhROwBQTw3z5dzbbNEyG+dk+YeFuCA3zo75+uogTuN+TIfb1lH00Y3Fcm8r98/I3Yp4QF7jc7DsqxELAvvfYZH59Fp5PTKZpF0262y8zRg6SNf/pwhdwkFJZWSG4o+nLGyIEi3N9cuknEp42NFffpKUkn6BXcUcQV6oD2QbwUcJ+lmvMgIWDCoxL55iKXamvrRdx1C/QTr3NlTQ39+8t1NKhnsIwB1PPVrzfQ2EG9pc9Rn/+t3EozRg2ipdsOsFjNogIeo0e5PNR/zIBeLOzP0K95rFWw3XBTggVNvYMD+boXBRUecfLmso00eWiIjGOE5t9btZ0mD+svQvPgyRhau/codeOx+OePvrnQfnjDNx48RmNCeorA3cZjwY1F1gert0uos0uAr/kKpsUPr3Hdw6NYIPL3aTOfh+9XZz9v6mS+uTCA/dG2EyyWYSsswPL2cJXvQnh0Ev32na+porKGxX8aHWNRtoLH5Owxg+X6a/aG0SG+cUFbS/n7hfPr+QYAghh5vNcKxlc236xBRDeWUtESZo8eTKO5TwxhriiK0hq4YwUgvBmnWKAsnj1e7szhxairO0v9WMSEdO9Mx1goIQdw0cxxNKp/T/EiQTA9PGsCbQo9Jl6nXz/1gPzDjjDnl5v2UtdAXxFCyPP6zVPzaeKQfjzBma6HcBQmsJk8af9gwWz5DWFyhEUUJlx41IAtTzjwYGDS797JXzxdSCDHNdbyJIcJ78CJWJo2YgALtl5c12AWj84yqXZlATFv/DDxhgT6etF37p9+ifcDnk6II3hVsD2VNU/66/eF09ThA+ilx++VyRz1+eN3F9GU4SF8rSEsaE5ICAzepdgzGfTaT58S4bHt8EkKYNH0u2cXiIDezDaZPCzkkpypxgQgiEvNorr6ehEj+1hEv/TYvXQX17upCRICcHf4aToem0yrWajD+4b6TWbBvoHFtze35wcPzaHxg/uISFy//yj17OwvYva+SSNZKA5lW/qJyPp4/S4a1rcbPTpnIvddT/L1dGehFyl9vnLnYbHRb55+kO0bQp/wsX3Z7tu5rf358x8tnMc3Cf3oHJ0XwQc7JLNAhnD62WP30CTub4ivDfvDKYgFDgQpPJNo34PTxkj9Dp6Iph8/PE9EPwQ3xOH9U0fRuEF9LqQcONrbURYLRnhnMfbgkTzAdrK1tpEQOnaXgJcOwnzZtoP02LxJ9MRdk7kfQ2SxTB8Weu+t3EYLpo2W8DvehycTNyazWTQbdsZNx7HYFHJ3dSI/7suP1+4Sbze+A/hOvMHCFmMzPDrxsvbjRgfth8ct2L+DiPFRIb3IlQWrpdcuIjqZslmwv/T4PdJnA3oEifd1cM8u1IltZCkAv9q8T/rpN0/Pl/E9gAXwZxt2U4/OASIuH+KbNYzbKTxekzKyxQt536RRLNbT5YboPz95Ur6zqDtW7/70kbupI9+sXQ+44YOAFI8+3zhdLRCgSF3w9bzcM6ooinInc0fe0mJygCcCoTh40/BTzWIMXjR4mpqj/my9eEKI2tE3O0NZ+O0Tjwg8NbEpmSL44AnERGgxt4kXEZPr3HFDL0x6ED0Nw1OYcMawMMCkD/GEXCZ4gmzNYVxMbhOG9GVBFElvLtvEE3EcqiJYXK7FQBB2Y+EKzxtCs6NCekrdgT3bZ8yA3iJG4PsYN6iveBkhJiAeILYA3oOYbclzznAcvF4Qy/DmebL4MC2IMB/QBD1YDM+fMlrsPHFwP7p7gkkwJmfkUgiLCiNUi7Cpg60tVXIfP//ALAqPSaT/rdwiHhwcD+8RzkEeIvoOIgt9jx8wbcRA8YYhPI2QelZeoZQ1msUNzkffjejbnbxcTSIHYV2EYBFiBp78PoQNvJwI1ba0fQ25i9t3LCZZQpkQwBA/W0IjJKyLcQTxaMViG/bozaIQ4wbCEeMJNxDwXE1gQWoAT2ZpZRVl5F6a6wpRhlB4MrcjOiWN7pk0QhbvwFOM7wJC7M21HwIR+bNvr9gsHuKGJLJQG2hhHwjuPvz9aIrpI2F/U1/iewRbQmyjP3BDBZB6MHfsMLKxuNmAPeCBvVo7t4SADp70/Qdnys3A1YC+/y4LVoh2RVGU1sYdKQCxShbelhcWzBYRhp8XHpwtnouDLLyaw6q9leQuIYQFD9nccUPEm/fwzPHiHcHyCuQdNQxluvIEiAkUz4EzyC36f/bOAz6q49r/hypRJISQkED0IjqI3ns3xr3bseP0/FNfihO/95I4eakvL90tLnHFxlSb3nsVSKIKiSIEQiA6SPTm//me3SuW9UpIIBzKfP2R2d1779xpu/O755yZyQ8pOHF5IfSw+O07fMzciR6ki1Xo2XsGyWPD+tqAjljEPXUtDiryhNCD2JqRkrP/0BVCLkfzWyW8sonLqIgAsRo00Jb03mmZO+XchYuFogjh5om34iBOr0WjulbPuP9wqUJVzVvgNl0IOeIbEZedWjaRr98/zKyiCBpb/kZFHTNuaTf+2Kz/4SE9C+MAA8uIqEJkERaA296rFqxN3AMQXIh73JvA58TwefF6JS1fMFidcPlOmL/S3mNFbaz9gnADxBCihCbA4sp7D/JMTOkJFXtHNR8ePLTgEvXK6YHb+bCeN04ffvp1aquivqHNTB4/b6WKwa4WE1lc+evH1ZJn7h5olnHy8860RVfMvuUBA1ez9xnXYSUvikCBitUcV25sVISVJz9g2Z092k8DXbK0w42c2oQF/j+ffdAEKn3iamBl/t23n5JuASEgDofDcTtxywlAxM36rdm2FAqDH/Ff3t/dfTvL/NUbio31QTj21B91RBcuzvLlytuyJLhAscYUBSIK99SL42aZVQfX36/eGBfyXlg4cNthpereppkJSg9cz8SV4RZuklBbhWisbVLP0He9w98DA7vL5qw95sIklmqCigBcwkmJjf1nlB5c2cThrVifaRbLVybONmsUlrLgHBNrhTU2eEmeQJrWjzdrIK5BYjKxQH2yeI1ZiXDFEj9JO4RXqiRf+tWLFquHJam6CmrqjLg9XKjEWmJhfVcFC7F6lSr4RFqgSxKqhYeZW/jNKfMlQx8cEEfj5i0vnBTQMbGRrNa+MH/NBvts2pK1KurPqFgrvdUvmAcH9bCJDkzgwOLK8jHEOCKeeUAoCmJUESz0L/oo7ss/vT9F7lLBy8SNQLBSYfEkPnR4jw52L8QedUnMZNXw8GLLT5umZWbZ5B4se8dV7AUKMfoOk6VwGRN3OXN5mmzYlu0/+lkmLVhprl2szv/73ieWt/4qTEn/t29PlF17D0q65gP3PJN8PK63rksCbtxvPjpSBo0eIJX8IRvBMNHou4+Nkp99+WFfTOfnkTGHw+H4N3DLxQASFM8Aw4QPXJeBIKaY7ZvYoK7FvDXTH3BvFu/2PXn2ulGd2hYv1VDPnZ+8QaYvTzEL2lfuG2LCg9miDFoM0sEkNW9kMyA/mr1c0lSEPjq0twlIJmpEBg3ozG5kMscXRg0wAXju/Hl7f4+KSCw5H85ZZnFxBadPy339u5lgY8AhLi/v8FGzOiGWggcgrGUXL31q53II9yKTA6gL3IZM5MDKhKilroitw8qD2xELKdcBs2Qb1Y2VBM0nbl1EFDGSgTGA5Am3MvGVe/V1rahI+dbDIyzOi3tj1cGSR9wcMJmBCRaIc2/iCjDrE2FGu2CxJOYM1y4CoFvr5jaD9uNFyTJ31XqJjqouTxFzVStKYqJqyNjZy2xiBhZYYuWa672Z2IP7njjQts3qmwWY+lqzZYfF6XnuSsQTsXrEtiFKmXSwOC1derfH/VreXKHEmDFLlpCCaSqciW18dvQg6ytcE1g+2KxirHOrpuauBdy1WPYC4+Y8aHdmXndq2djER60a1c21jNs2yv+wwYQJ0qftAHHUQUUpYQL0k4kLVpn1c2DXtvLYsD7CzNhAsJRiveT+XbU8TGph9ncLrevWjZnUU85iS4sqP/F5PCjMW71e0rP3yJfuHWKzuT3o15R10sLV9mBBPCnxljxw0UaBgpsHHizbiFxm6Edrn/zu46OsL3Rs0cRE6fj5KyU9K8dic/OOHNMHpbYmRplUQ1uQ3tH8k5Zf4g1DTSq6Hspr/94TV1POdm8jNTu2lKgOzSW6S2t5ul83+dbI/vIlzT9C+Fqsvg6Hw3ErUS7/+KGizWV3AIgQLHbBlqPiYDkZ4pe8oP+iwJXIrMpQMIsWsYG7L3hQv16wkuJ+Y5LI5w31iYAuLeQZIRN8LS5hhBAiJLC+ic+7eIl7lXygZkswritqcMciWdYDP+7TqioEPYHHMkIstXK1vuNhoQH6V5wQIiYWEc8DDP342IlTJgQDLc9QVPlZpJx1KhF3fBdCQdtwfbi/HKG474d/kL/96Es2cQKXcai6pH+Qx6Luc6M5r3U5/kSBJJ+90kr9TESkJIVduayNw+Fw3M7cci7gsgbBURrxBwyuJRnAixJ/QOwbA3ZZiz+wAfbfIP7gWsQfkOdQ1yI4sCAF1zfvSyP+AOtmcQKvrMUf4Pr1xB8QG1hS8QcWx3gVKxhCDwuw14+xLgaLPyiq/GGVK1pfLE6Ucaw48RcI1sWi6pI2/neJP4fD4XBcxv0SOxwOh8PhcNxhOAHocDjKhD//4IuFMbcOh8PhuLlxAtDhcJQJLH90I9zoDofD4Sh7nAB0OBwOh8PhuMNwAtDhcDgcDofjDuO2EIDsxpF36KgtgFscbLh/ta3ibjY+/VSk4KRvvT0WjA6GnRlYgJm18W4ELEPC2oOBi/YCS9iwrltZUnDqtBw7cdL/7s7mWMFJq4/rhe8Ey8SUFNrVt2tI6NWhWNMxcKcQh8PhcNya3PICkMGNRWrHzVtpW8QVx1tTFkjKliz/u1sDduIYM2uJlnGVDb7BfLwwWT6YvdR2Jylq0L4eEJ0fzV1hAjuQXBWkv3xtnP9d2bBw7SZbRNgh1qcXrNnkf3ftsCg4C2KXlD0HjsjUJWvlnArBUPx5zBQVpjfmYcPhcDgcnx+3vADEOnZAhdHI3h1DbnnGDhhYU4AFck+fC2FFO3f+hlsGseas21r0FlpFwdZcLIZ8/4Dutn9sMGyhNqJnR9terbTrGZYELICI0PMXr7QAsjizt51YaWCx5Z25+63Og6ENaE+Hr1+fPPNZoYX1jW3wQm1BCMH1y24toeq6KGhX+mpRzxKHj52wvYUdDofDcWtzywtABiMWymXBXbZ0CwYLCPv2FsfClM3yz0lzzf11o8jee1D+8dF0/7uS4+2owEK/oRZKxjVbM7LaDZ19WZaykm3KpixZaztkOEoPe/m+NH6m7SkdCle/DofD4SgJt4wAxIpx6FiBHNSBj63YAHGEVY84uGMFp+T0mcvWPSwhDIJYSxgUzcL3qW9bLTa1Jx6Qc4C9WJ+6q5/tlMB2VxzDasjrUOAWZQD2YuPYc9ezipAn7ksa5BlDipeHM2fP2zHvvoFwDvsQc50Xb8f15PWsXnes4Mo4PK985JGYLc7FcoNLPPAefEa9UTcIXPZYJa/kx3MZ8w/vvdguriUflpfzF60MRWHl1XrgXO+eRaVP3qhX2oJ/Q8WmcQXb5GFd5JxgSxdl5RjlCDxCPVBu2iXQ4kUesKbxOXGSnMd9ufaI5pu+RN4pA+dibfWde9ki7PUZXPDkyaunUISq70C4X2AsJ1uzBbYraZNPr9ykQ/7IF8TWrCFfHD1QoiOrW77YN5ctB6l7yn21+i2q/oIhLe5LHRX1PSDfh7WslNd7eCpN+ThG+uQnMK+Ume80eaXfOBwOh6PsqfD888+94H9907I775B8OHuZrN2yQ9Zv3SmZ2XulQXyMDUwfzlkm23LydCDKt+3P6sfF2DXZ+w7I1KVrZXPWbhug2I5r2+48ExdpmVmSkpEl6zKzbcP5zOxc2bBtlyQ2rGuxV9xn0/bdeq9s6dC8kbDhvgfi4L2ZSyR58zbZqOdkZO+RLXp9g/hY2ypr4vxVMmtFmiRv2q732CGxUZEWm7g4JV12aTlwsbFFHAM4MAhv3pEjY7Uc5CEtc6fkHjhim+1jNZymZdiRu98GybqxNc0SCF75NmXtkRM6oJLmTL3vJk1rzso0qRdXyyyfH85eLpt35li6+w4fs3w3ToiTNz9eIF1aNzXRy+D98vhZVn7yM27uClmcmi7pmm/qDxd751ZNpaY/z8DAPXf1eiszFlTS3bAtW/MdZ2IkVPpYauev2Shbc/aZuAivXNn2jfUgVm27tiXxjGvTd8iy9VtMULG+XDn9b9aKdfLx4jWapxxZuSHT3NKNtZ7Iy8QFqy0/Kdp25Jv2YAs52nL8vJWyUdMmzTwtS87+Q9JU0/zVG+Ntcg1pLVufYSJkkZVlu6zetFWa1Y+XKuFhsnLjVk1/lbbTboshJQaOfkbZAlml54Wqb+rOY5e227J1GdYGXI+oXK/1lqD1wBZxWdrWHD+oDwOnND+kQ5n4t2WjBNuzl1hJ7s+/1Of2PfskLWOn9v+KMnvluivqd/+RYyoaI7WeY4qsv0AQk9x/R26ehSyQf74/DevE2tZ7WBeH9uhggnmMfg9Wa12l6neJOidPfD9KUr7a0TXkE80LbUa70zZsR8c+yfb90XTnJW+w70JSi8+GdlwrSPd0rcPci1c+hCWFhUm8lq/sgygcDofj5uSmtwBiTfh4UbLEqJB6bFhveXxYX/30U5sUgct3eI8kaaKD2MheHaVd0wa+i5SE2Fpyb/9uKh7izcLXMbGxDUA79uTpuZ3kieF9VZjlyBodaLCWIAQQZwygfZNayd19u0i1KmEmGANhAKymouBxvf6Rob30k3KSooPXeRU9CLDk9G3y0OCeZqWJi46SNz6ZJy104O7bsZWld0+/LleIHmL8pixZI0kqNJ8Y0deu3a0CZYkKMETu4G7tpVm9eBmt1wXusuCVr5YKP6sDHXB3q3BCuJI3LHevTpojAzq31rL2kf6d28j05akqKg+YQNuWs9csMMC/21Q0YPVZuWGrCaqHh/SSR7V8CFEEeCjOaX0xQFMPT43sb+Lx3ekLTUiFSp9Bf4S2UyMVE+S5dZN6djwQRHLbpvW1Lvpoe/eR5SoWEAiL09Ktze/p30We1Hoa1LWdvDttkYn02Sp49x48rOXuI0+P6m8+6w9mLTUx8/6MJdKjfaIdow4XqWjaf+iYWc94kEAMcp+e7VrIv6YssL16nxzZz/I8Z+V6E2IzV6TKgE5ttIz9LA2EXrqKKNLwoF+9MnF2yPoOpHrVKrJ1914TULBOhR19Lv+Ez9K1cn2mVNF+zQNL8qZt0ieppTyu5cXyzaQQ+hl1jkXw3emL7QFltPbVWK1bviNF1W9R9cdDTDC0HWKT9r9/YA/ZqA8m67fuKrRK0k/e/GSBCbwnR/bVeulrx14cN0OqVwkvUfkQfxx7ckQ/q9dm9evIn8dMtb637/BRWaUCnO8C5XE4HA5H2XPTC0Bcb1iQ+ndqbcIpoXa0DOnewTdw6XhUu2akVFVBhriIqFbFf5WYOGQwR6xhuYqsXtUmSXRq2VhaNEywdFo1rm8CwINN7Dl/sgpOLCgIm4hq4f6jPrDW9VMxUD9O8xIbLUM1L1jfYPryFBnVu4sJPsQbQuLL9wyWWnr/WjUipGL58hKneQrcVB8XNsKwa5tmJvAQXH06tJT123dZXF9MVIRU1eOISUSBh1e+yhUrmIWHOtACShsd9Bm8N+r1rZvUl16aFul2aN5QhqmY9HGlneNT/vNrGa7r1aGFNK0XZ9f1bJtogiIUCKBHVZTTLtTHNx4YJjtzD1jdBeKlXyWssll4qtq/kRKhYigYxLyX58QGdWRgl7ZmFVySulmaN6hr7k0EKfeuW7umzE/eaJbSB1SoIJSx/D0zaoDc1buTWZ6wKvVRQe9Lr659Hki/jtqvNO+dWjZR4XpeBndpJ3X1XPpItt4n98BRqVC+glnLsEyyTA11jXUs0BW8WsVa0fV9GfoC1+9UYUgZsJ6dOn1WDmmdUUepmVnSWvtleW3L9s0bWL7oZy0a1jWrrwfW1CYJtWX8/BVWPyN6JmnZaxVZv0vTQtffyo2Z/jMu01YfpLq09vXH5toGnVs3tbq8eNFX3j37D8vRghPWv8kb1r1n7h5g1mdmD1+tfPTxtenbzTKKdZn80IcRt1jBoXPLpmaBpY87HA6Ho+y56QWgZ3VgwPNAGOH+LS4Wqyjia9VEJxlMqvDSB16+8LVHzT349rSF8q0/vCF7Dhz2H/VBbFJYpcuuP6wguMaAga66ijVPXpXXF4gJb4LG5Ttdhng53JtYJz0qafrnzhE/6L8i1IVF0MAv1rDCVQsLMyEBiN/qfoHMR5TVs9BhnfHitLAOhvnLA4jioiaYkDYuUo9yWobKlSrJhQuXikz/alQJr+x/5QNxTJ0jXHL2H5TVG7eZBQ7BFVW9msTHRFnZKgS4Y8M0Dwh8rGSIzkCqVblS0OOqBMoJnru/QoVyWoZLVo8sgYOlmPuu0vvTFxFatJtHcfUdCGEKnVs1kVUbtsqOPfvNnTxMxRuCaMHajVamhnV9bYiw9mZ2c50XZwr0Dfoq1j8sz//x57clPbvoZZCIPw1Vfwi4YKg/HlaAu4fre19cpa89sfxan79cfKsTvk9Y0a9Wvrox0fbdJTTCV6e+/LRt1sAsiMBDR/lyN/3Pk8PhcNyy3PS/sDWqVTUBMmf1eotnOnA0X6YvTTHXF2KjtDCQFgWxdFOXrZW7+nSW333rSRvg0jKvXLoF68jCtZvNbczfnNXrzE0Io/p0MXcuS8/kHT4mkxeulrFzl6tY9Q3cAeNlIVgnmUSyNG2Luc1y9h+22C6sI4UxZqEuLAJPMPRsl2jWFmLZKNeG7btkxrIUO0ZsHIM17lNi7JakpRe67NrpILxE80L+ydfy9ZkWtxUKLDwfzl4qh4+fsAksY2YuNZd044TaRaZ/NRAFxNkh+LBszV29wZa4GdY9SY+WkwGd28hTd/WXji2b2MxvXPVxtWqYmxZLEv1j/LwVsnDNJklKbGTuxNTC9PZ9Zp3Bq1UtZcHCRX1+6d5BMqxHB6kfH2NhBZ5ohOLqOxhi2nB1EhfJ8kU92iZauYlzfWBQj0IRWakI4Q2EJrz5yXxpr9+DF772iFnAca8WxeCuWCM/W38Du7TznRAAVrjVm7fZRBgegBBnxMpiCQWs21jKx2p+96o43nfwqLw3fbFZ7OrFxVy1fMSxdm3dzOoPlzqhD4QwEK6BeAQeJhwOh8Nx47jpBSAWIdbAI0bvZ6+Mlf9++QObafjAwO4mMsoSrEUHj+TL/7w+zu6FJaRbm+b+oz6I4SNA/rm/vyc//cf7JgJxz8LdfTtL03rx8pt/TZTnX3xf1qrw6N+pTbEWQFyUWHGwgjz3j/fkt3otFpJ+nVpftnqGuvAq4IZ+dvQgeXvqIvnBn9+WcXOWF5aFwft+rb9/TZ0vP/7bu7Lv0LFCyxvuUoTdz18da9dt2J5t8YahwAoUoWLy569+KP/54hjZuXe/fPnewSYsikr/ajBZYcbyFLNo/fatiRbHhpAjhpK6f2vqQvnJ39+VCfNXqFhtaGIWEXjx0qfyqzfGyX++NMYEOCIEa+8jQ3qZNff7f3pLXp44x4SMR6HA9hPYn7AEIlDitW2JlyNm7Yd/eUf+9uE0iaxWxe4bSHH1HQz1T/viTu7etrk+BFQzlzPiuXXjz8ZFhgKrHPn99Zvjra2OF5wKKeY8iqq/UEsnNaoba5NEfvCXt+VXr4839z6CzbNSY5X96v1DLDzjF3rvF/T7gsD+7mOjLE9XKx/69vFhfey7QtzfT/W7QsxfZxWl3gOMw+FwOG4s5fKPH7oGefH5QgaJA2Q5FKxpDL5Y8hgqECvEZ1XSwTzU4MF1NpjrH8IR15ZnueEYVhEsLpc+vWSCBleXbXGmn8VH15AwFYWBqeLaxE166Hi+xVgR0M5nDHzcH9c0S9Lg4opScYf443Pcd8RHMTMzGMqAW+3kqdNSSQd20vTECS7qi5omMzxDDY3k17tHcPm4loEZ1zTxkeSRfCFsyQ9uS1x0DMwIqDB/OrhrseBU1HS8ODLq27NMAWlzb+qMgZ7rcN+Rhh0vIn0gfa++AsF9SLrUBzFjWH8R5YXl0TRwB5MucZTheszLE2me1rLmax3iniVfHOIalh3BKuetpajJ27+kQ1wlaXBPXMakSYq0I9dSt/xLX8GaSd0RkxkYkuBRXH0HQ1stS0u3ST6AxTX34BETQUBfKa858SzWXt2Qpld/pM3kkFOnz5kVFOEFgfXLa4Qb+S2u/jy4B/cC4lM5HhVRtbA/UkeB/YT3tDVxf9zT42rlA77L5Id+xPW0BbmxPGv6XruXJee1fONPFEjy2SuX53kmIlKSwsJDfsccDofjduSWEIAOh8NRFjgB6HA4HD7K/hHb4XA4HA6Hw3FT4wSgw+FwOBwOxx2GE4AOh8PhcDgcdxhOADocDofD4XDcYTgB6HA4HA6Hw3GH4QSgw+FwOBwOxx2GE4AOh8PhcDgcdxhOAJYSFq1l2ys2xC8NY+cslzmr1vnf3b6wo8nilM3+dw4WmGYBaRaWDoTPWJC5OLJyD8hfPpjmf3frwALPf3hnsi38HAy75LCDiMPhcDj+vdzxApC9Ttm1oKSwU8LeQ0dsB4TSsP/wMdvd4naEfYBPnPItrMsuKOwi4vDBrjGTF6y27fACmTh/lSRv3u5/FxoE4q59B/zvbj6Onzjlf3UliN6dew/ImbOf/Y7sVFEbLIYdDofD8flzxwvAMTOXygEVZ45rA0E8a8U6ycjOtYHfcSXUz77DR81yHAjbDR4ruHWFMntzP//SGNtiz+FwOBy3Hne8ADyaf8L2EnZcOwUnT31G4Dhub+JrRckPn7xHqoWH+z9xOBwOx61Eheeff+4F/+s7itSMLJmfvEHWbcuWglNnpFaNCImoWkXSMnfK5EXJkrJlh5w+c05ioiKkcqWK/quIb7ooqzduk6jIarImfYcsTt1sG+PXrllDypcvL7vyDsq0pSmyYO0m2bYnT2KjIqV61XBZvWmbVKsSJvXjYmTZugzbxH9B8kZZvj7DLGexen3w5vfnL1yQtIydMmnhalm7JUtOnT4rMTUjZevuvbJq01ZpWKe2nbc4NV0OH/O5l2csT1VBdlqmL0u1MrKJP2WroHk7fLxA5qxeL3NWrZeMXbkSqeWtUb2axWpx/ooNmXLoaL7lJaxSJdmrn3+idUH6OfsPaZmrWx0FQmxjqtbZIS3Prn2HtIzh5hLGQsS9Dmp69WrHSKWKFQrvP5v7Z+daWlER1az+PKiL/UeOy6yV6/TcdbJD65A2qKZ1CBnZe+VjzdPKjZnmVq0dXUOqhFWWD2YtlXPnL8rc5PV2LELPz953UKYsWSPbNY34WjWlaniYTFuWIkeOn9A22KJttFHboUDqxERreSuauzZ58zZtv7WWv2pVqsjStC1aH5HmriVcYMvOXJm/ZoPkq+itGxsti1I2y8WLl6yOgfxybZ2YmtYf6C+rtL80rBurYinM7sHf8vWZJqJaNKwreYePabulWYzotpx92l9ol6papwXahjtkRK+OJS4ffXnBmo3animybmu2sLltjPbBk2fOWJ0uSUs362O05pfzPShPqOOELsxYkWpxnXx+/tIlLeN+idT8TV2yVpJaNLZ+mqr9dLr2PfpcufLlrL/37dhaorXPBEJfJj9899Zv22X1RllP6XeNa0mTuv5U71NL251+U5Zc0r/0c+ck9+KVYR9JYWESX7Gi2wvY4XDcMdyxApCBOaxyJdm8Y490ad1MmtePLxRBvdq3sMF5tYqszVl7JCmxUaE447oVG7fKpu27JVEH7zg9j4EzsUFdC+x/8aOZ0jihtrRt2kDO6kDDgNe8QR2/oAgzYfDqpDly5uw5ad20vomL+SoEcRU2qhN7hRgaP2+Fia/eHVpKvF7HoLppe450btlEB/61JmQYIBEOfZJaWfzdP8bNsMG7bbP6ElGtig3eCC2E4B/f/URqVKsqHVs00gFW5IPZSyRS3yMIEYI92iWqqDgglXUgRMT97cPp0qJRXWnVuJ4J1rGzl0mbJvVNtHlg+dulQgQx2krPJW4NYdUkIU7FTYKJZAQSYoL7I4I6af7h/RmLTQzUq13L3sPR/JPy2uS5en5luxcTBuau3mB5QHwhhLq0biqN68aZKJ2nddeheUN5Z/oiFe3bpVubRBW7FVSYLpMjmla3Ns0lc9de2adCprWm8erEOSrkjkirJvU0jdp2bHtOngmxifNXykpt8x7tWljdzVWxukrFFmks0XaYqXUZHxMlzerXkY8XJltZwrUPrdT+0LpxfXtQePPj+ZKgwrCRpk1L0l8QbBu27pIN23epkN9hf1u0P1AmBOy/psyXmvpA0VHFFMzW/pQQW8vqDVGEAPznpLklKt870xZpvyiwzxFXC7UtmJRBv+b+9/TtauW/pAILAev1tw+1bdfrw1Dg8Zoq3v42dob1mTbNGsips2ctdrG8lqxhfKz86f0p8uDgHiqIN9mDEN8T0lyTvl027dgtw3t2/IwAfHvqQhN87TQ9HkrGzl0m3TWvPEis0Xrp0TbRvnu0K+Xqqt/NgK/EdeMEoMPhcPi4Y13AWOIYJL3BqIoOAJMWrJJnRw80MYXo+vqDw2S3ihssH4FcuvSpDOzSVoZ17yB9k1pKlIonLGBzVUghyBBDWNAQAVj/Nmfl+K/0waB434Buem0r6dextQzu1s4sged1oPZgUgWDbeeWTU2cYa3rqcJ0y84csyB96Z5BKjzT5K0pC6W3plM3tqYwUnLuvf27Sk8VMYO7tpN7+nWV9VuzzSpUvUq4PD68j5X7rj6dZFSfLiZqEDFpKjQQVIO6tjfRN3O5ih0diBup0MLChkBCMAfP8O3Uqomdl6iiiHQJA0T8juiZJN3bNpc+Wo9Mmlm6boucPH3WX9eVTfSRJta2QMgDbfLgoB7WDg8N7imjtQzUK6JnSLf2Vi7SfmJEX0sLCxh0V/Fgx7U+qaOHVJwg5ru2aiY5eYes3bD0DezSxtoPwXv/wO6Sd/io7NbjWH6/dM9ga5OBndtaHV+8eDmuEbH/8OBe1m6Izg3bdpmIY3IPaSCEsQC312OBQqJ8ufIytEcHeWRIr8I/BBTChtnkCC3aqUurpjKsR5KJZyzRF1WEBXK18vEAgNBrqXmqouKUemzZqJ6sy8yW8uXL2TlbsvdY3+6gYo3PPBC8wcc36kMOAv/hIT1VmDXX/tLZ+mAgp86clXTtkw9oPQ7q2lZ6dWghd/XuZA8WoeBBgPajbTnvwoVLKhZzTBT34bukDxdYF7u2aWYPNgeOuvhch8PhuBHc8TGAHseJYzt//gprFJYzXG3Bge7ldeRG3DGA4uZDnGDp2atCEXfqhHkrzaLy0ZwVNlMSyxAWPg8GfNx84LmPOS9wEgX5wZrGsipY3khv+tIUOxeLDiITC9Z+HSCxRJIPqBJeWWpGXLa64IKmXLhksc547mzK0LRevOTrfRFSnVV8fLI4Wb7/pzdVMO4y1yiiaPzcFXZvxChyoXyQmzoYRE18dJSEqzAD/kXIHDhy3NyMkxcm++tmublUqQvqzgOrFhZMBAyQXyyW0ZER5iqtF1fL6sw7hnvYm4GMaOEQ7VFO6wN3NFTU95cweSpcQ/qUH7DikR4CnnpqEB9jnwN1XUOFkQdWXq/+KBeuz5oqWJpoOyDgx89faVY8hFcg3KpujM8q6P1hDYajBSctDUQ4YBXDcnf0xMkr+gxcrXxH8gtUBJ40i67XZ5I3bTORPLpvV/naA0NlzeZt8uO/vWNhCFj5PHhoCD6OqCUvCH+gzuhzgZy/4Gs7LJheu2DV9No/GPKC1Rfsu6P1eUzLek7rnpAI8kzel6Rulmb16hS2rcPhcDjKFicA/RBDRSzYvDUbTXjxh5vuUP4JEwKBVKhQzgbqYBj8G8TFyHPP3Ce//Pqj8qMv3COPDO1lliZPcIBZivQPKw4Wlo07dpnwrBBgkSE/CfrZ4O7t5Odffdj+nr1nkDw8pJcKiFiLj0Ns9u/YWhat3WRpAQIAd/MFHZgpA3FWUSoIO7VsbPFkzEjlXM6bsTzFxCPLtuBm/MePvyJPjxogKzZkSNOEOBNDzz19r7zw9Ufk+0/cbdYy/oqjnP4XHMsIuCcR1N99/C6rG+qItLgf7mmP+irwqBviDxEXCEfi2Q6rQMMdiCsWUcDSPcQAevF2EKpNIKDqzQqZmb3X6gbhicURyyAuZYTJ4pR0S5tlfohFC1y6JzzMJ4QMf5qInj4dW1mM5goVgVjJSgOW6Ky9B0wMU17aBdcn4QDB5bla+UiLvvGkCnrq+Gdfecjql3om3eb168hvvvWkfOGu/mb59cQbUOfBx5vWi9OHgIMmvHnoILaU2MlAEHS0H7GZxMySJhZnHixCQX0F9g+yXkf7OqL5oSE9rZ+T76c0D1+5b7A9pDgcDoej7Ak9otyBIL4QO0z++PvY6fL3D6dbvNnjw/pYnF5JGNq9vQ1YL4+fZWn8ecxUFRu5UilA4ACWm9mr0uTFcTPl7x/NkIyduWaBCRRCXn5SVVj8Q8/585gp8uYn88yaRlzirBVp8v3HR8t9A7pL1p79FndF4DxWRGLXXpowyxYRJhYLl2e/Tq1laI8kzdtsyxuxXaSFoCTOkDwTh0VsY9OEeHl0aG+Jja6h955psYB//XCaWQRxoV4LuA5xg746YY7d/y9aN0ymCat8ZXr1akeb+Hl98jyrm39oHREHiEXwi6MHqjA7p5/72uel8TOlr4qvZvXjrxDYQP1d/kRfl/N1daxluCxf0Xqg/rE4kUaclpVZrcQvWtp6jPg/rHNXo64KUNp4ZK9O5g4vDZQXS9dbUxdaO7+k7YALFBe+Z9WFkpQPgfjUyP7mVictYvQ+XpxsZ9AP/vjeJ/LBzKXmum7frOEVQgx3b/Bx3Me9k1rKKxNmW328MnF24YOGB5ZLHh54aKCP0I9StM96FteSgBX36VEDZebyNPmH9kv6LfGvRQleh8PhcFw/5fKPH7rSz3SHkXvgiMTUjLCYPWCmKhaPijr4EI+ECAocfHHLYZVCGOAao/IO6ntEHW49LEvMnMSlS1wV1imsJFyD+CBmCncqMXielQ7LDa62wJgsDyZ64ObFSkXsIJZBXKlYY+qqeOAKZs0izHDz/nPSHPmvLz+k5Tps+YuLjtK0q5vlxdzUeo4JKs1TfK0alm/eZ+89YOniasWKRKwWE1WYXIDFjVhGJjd4LtBADh49rumF2TlYfqgjb6II5aWM5B3BmXfomLn8wivr/WOiLC4xGK6hTLRDjNZLgpbTm7FKuXG1kxZxkQgu6hVLHhY8yoVrk4kM1D3u0pOaHtch8l54bZzc3bezTWw4pnmto3mgTjkPuCeWRdLhGGWnfxwvOGX38SY1YDU9r2KIuEDE06sqjrC6ee5Nj+D+4sF9EE/UE/V84Gi+9T0sYeSTdqHecE3TP0paPu9+pEW/ra3tj8DCokkaHCM+D5FN//Qo6rj3OX2EsvOHla9G9SrCrG+shHwHyOeBI/nWx7DiMiEKy15gmQFLI5btin7xieUTCzvlIM9Wr5o+M9FjNd+eW7msOK/1M/5EgSSfvdK1/ExEpCSFhQeIaofD4bi9ueMF4I2CSg01mDDgMdkENxvxb1jsymqQwzL4+uQ58tcffqnU6erpmmffNTfLIFiWdePxi39+JE+M6GMzlItKn7oo6W0RXG9PW6hi8KJ8+d5BV1hxS0tp7nutkF9auKj7FHW8pG3xeZThenAC0OFwOHw4H8sNoqQDSVkLHI/SpsvpWIxupgHwRtWNR1Hpl+a2WGhZRmZA5zbXJf7gBhfXsDYu5j5FHS9pW5TwNIfD4XD8m3EC8HMGlyfLhAS7xsoC3HMsr+Eomm5tmtmkmLKCyREsdRM4e9zhcDgcjpsd5wL+nMGVRpwU1qKytnARJ8jSJDdCXN4uMImBWL7AuM7rgVhEYvIqukWEbwmcC9jhcDh8OAvg5wyirxJi4Qb4yphE4sRf8TCJpazEHzBT1drT/97hcDgcjlsBJwAdDofD4XA47jCcAHQ4HA6Hw+G4w3AC0OFwOBwOh+MOwwnAfzMstDt54WpbPLo42Cx/zMwl/nfXDwsR/88b423xXXYOmbUyzSY0OG4ME+avktWbtvnflZ6ybv+bnRUbMmXi/JX+dw6Hw+Eoa5wALAb2jWW3jpLArg3B22SVBGYEb83ZZ7s5BMM+wfwBOzRsyd5jr0sDM1QRmcw+DgZBwiQGdt04fPyELeJ7q3Dx4iU5cfrKmZw3M9t271XRfdT/rmTQN9gVBYprf4R7qPa9lWEv6K279/nfORwOh6OscQKwGN6fuVgydeAuCVOWrJHUjCz/u9JR1AzSRSmbbZ/e6+HQ8QKZs3KdColz/k98sM0Xe8FGVK0iVcMr21ZlN2Bi8g1j9/5D8uqE2f53tyc79uyXcXNX+N+FBoE4Y1mqCXiHw+FwOEqKE4DFkLEzV47ml2xgzdLBev+R4t24RVGU7SZn/2HbOu56OHP2vOzKO2jWpECqhlWWwV3bmQhsXDdOmiTElenyKDca9r5dv22X/93tybGCk7L1Kg8gLEHTolGCiXiHw+FwOEpKheeff+4F/+s7Fqwoc1dvkIUpm0wE4c5dtj5D1qRvt43pq1UJs434T5w6I1OWrpX0nXukbmy0JG/aJuf0eMqWLEnevM2On7twwY4dO3FSZi5LlSWp6RIexvWXN7ZH1E3XYxtUwLDxfmZ2rrRuUt/2Bgbi8rD8pWzZLoeOFUiV8DATA7gQm9aPlxnL0+S05rlOTLSlyf6t3H/G8lQ5WnDKyrAtJ0/2qIBcuTFT098rJ8+ckbjoKNuJBLiuU8um5gLm81qav6MFJ2TN5u3y6SWRacvW2nVxtaJUXOj9tTzzkjdK5UqVZNXGbRIfEyUXL30qHy9K1vdbLY8xNXxlPHQsX8uXYnFr4WGVrO6AuEPOT8vcKbVrRkr1qlUKrY7Zew/KrJXrZOP23RJrx8LlcH6B5adRndp2Di72+Ws2WJ2s2JghW3ft1ftW1vYJt3pMz94jU5esle179tnOHOGVK1mbbM7KkdyDRyz9Jgnx2iabZem6DBPFtFUgR1Twc37W3gMyTdua9sQ6OnvVOlmStsXKGKXvIf/Eqc/0h0paP5HVqth9uWbFhgw7f+OO3VbmlirW6FP0i2laR/sPHbNrA9dvxO2/cO0mScnYITty90uVypUl/+QpcwMHtz/u35y8Q9Z3TmgbJ2/aLme0nmYsT7F+1EjFvVfHW7SfWR/JPykRWr/EfpKfXfsOmgV7m9ZbVPXqZh0OpKjjXnuu25qtbVZDquvnZ8+dM2FOHbDmIm1Ge9Oe2ZoODyO5B45oO24UNh6kfwGhCli8F+jniFrKelT7fN+OZbuzDVGu6ZrH3ItXhmsk6Xc03q3n6HA47iDueAGICHhr6kIblFo1rmeD9ukz52wQzlCBEVW9mjSIjzFh8Ot/TdQr2G3josxakSbz126U+nG15OSps5K5K9cG8ZgaOhDr+5fHz7LBuYYO/jNXpFocXmL9ujqYHpB/fDTDhBLWN47lHTlmW7h5AhDxsFXTQ4QwMDaqE2v5YaDdtD1HqoRVtuvY+aNJvTgZM2upDai1Vchla/oM8ntVZDK4IgIPHD1u5Wiu4gGh5IH4A/LC387cg/KHtyfL3kNHzaK0Twd4hFxigzpy6vQ5+cM7H5vY+JT/VHT+8d1PdED91PIzZfEaczc3rlvbXLMIxTp6/8mLVkvD+FjL+18/nCaR1ata/Y2fv9KEJWWbv2aTvPHxPBMqWFyZkEI6+SdOywezlsiIXh0tn8RJ/mnMVGmu+dm175DkaBmxXNZW8TFdBc/EeSulTmxNyTvoEybNG9SVC5cuyqsT56jYzpaz588XCrzm9eJlguaBvHMvD+rr929P0vMKTJjNXrXehAllrqTtNWnhaunauplk5R6QX70xXq+4sj9Qx1h0//fdj+XQ0QIVS1VlsV6/fU+etGpUz/rSa5PmyPqtu6zvZO3dbwK6RcO6heKcuNP0rD0mWhHT5I+Yx43bd32m/Ulj4vxV0kzve+T4SW2jyWaJrqKCZklaugmptk0byNg5yy2kIbZGDRWV+yxPUxavlZFat69oeyXE1rJ8T9Z669SysbUNcP/g40mJjSzPfx87XaIiq1m9UpeIPPow59BGiMBTZ8/KhHkrrJ3W6gPNR5oPhCMW6A/mLDXhSN/8v/emyAYtX4yKZNIm3pH66NepteWjrHAC0OFwOHw4AagDKzMOK1eqIK1VAPbv3MYGzK5tmsnydRkyqk8nG/D/PnaGjOrdSb5490Dp3ra5DeQIrYGd25pAQVR01IFzRK9ONiAn6oDO54114ItXITReB0HSnJu8Qdo1ayBPjuwnXVo1tYGSyRi92rcoFIBYtNpoHnIPHJX4mJry0OCeZj1hYPyfbz4uA7u0NRHA/Tu1bCLL0rbINx8cLgM07+SVQR+L4Rfu6i/1NZ9Ygp7S1wy2xXHwaL7d40dP3SODurazPW4Rhuk7c1RM1jRh9u1HR8rwHkkqqmZb+Z4ZNUA6azk6t2oi70xdZKIJsYPFs23T+tKvYxur439NmS+j+naR/p3aqKCsa1YkPuum+UV0Pzqstzw4qIfWQ0ufcFCxh6BOy8wqFICIaOrv6w8Mk1o1IiRlyw554WuPmkV1qYqdnzxzv96vtfRol2j3pM6p15Xavt9+5C55QNNfr0IU61knzfPQHh2kjtYvFl6PI8cRiHvkB0+Olt5afqxRiN2v3j/U0sXax/njNO1Q/aFH20RJSc+ShnVqyzceHKbt0dTEHdZDhHSF8hVkpdbxI0N76+cJ9tnmHTkm8OkzWG/Zqo6HEcq/T8X4dx69S3L2HwrZ/rjxsUDTZ7G2rdywVX6o7TekW3tLf/x8n/iaoQL1uS/ca2XuqeU4eKzALND39u9q+WmgIp3+2KNdC7NYslUh4GoPPo6V770Zi+Vbj4yUu/t0lm5tmkujurHy1w+mW5/B0kgfpx3J05r0HdKmSX1rJyZ3/NeXHpTeSdq3pLykavtyzvETp6zfUcf0p9SMHZYHJwAdDofjxnDHxwBWqlRRHlaBhTvyg9lL5Y/vfiy7zMp1GWabYjnqqWICQQSIGNyBwTCQ47rKyN4jH85eZkt3LFu3xSxvuC4RZ4iFihV8VY+QQSCWhHpxtQrPxS2Jq5oYPwZazy1ZScUDojMs7Nq2hEOY4T71QLwgAs6dP29pIzSYHY1QQux49RGvArFe7WhzIz8ypJdd89L4WfLyhJmyLWef5vW8iS/qY8ysJSY+4qOjzNqI+OZa0sIqSj0jKtjaLpCCU6f9r3x4bXTw6HETntQlYNnskNhIsrGgqnijPDUjffUzvGeSWUbfnrZQfvuviWYxDaZpvTip4beURlavIjWqVzV3JmCVQlwX1R+wKOO6bq8CiPoC8ka74fLEorb/8HFzL1MX4+ettPrE6nu1mbyh2j8Y8togLsZeI8IRwtQxbn7yAQirpOaNrJ5w/d83oJts1zb6/TuTzeKKQPYIdRzLKwK0Wb14/1liAg9r6wF9iAgEKzgCz6NR3dqFfZX8ndEy8ODRvEG8ufOB/tysfp1bKibV4XA4bjXueAHIoButA/eTI/rKL7/+mFmQFqVsumIQZEDCGoMLzoOlU4IHO+A84qvu6dfVLDFYNb79yEj5zqMjzSIWqULz4NEC/9m+5WNCpROKan63HCAmkECIp3wVRqfP+vJLefJ0wEcYXgtY3g6qSPHYe/ColQkBVKEc+95WMFFEzF9qxk7/WSyZc0a25uRJ3ZhoaaiD/FfuGyJ/+M4XVJRFmnhA2GGRpD74wzr23cdGmXBCAJ08fVnMbNd0sKhifUM8eBNYEJCBePIAy2n23v1y/sJloYFVDespIoI8e2KiapUweXRYH/n1N5+Qnu1ayPszl5p7NRAEUjm/+AwlQRDJRfUH7oUrFNHrrat4rMAXv4e7PDa6hiQ2rCPffGi41QOWRl5jifOsbkURqv2DoT9Q1+CJ0ygVhbkq2s4GCLGtu3Pl4qeX7Jy2zRpaW/zm/z1p8YG4Yj1CHcdNzgMAoQUetBl9rq7WOS5sr04Jpwg8D9evB9mjBIhW4gxxaQP1tjOX8IfiBbHD4XA4rp07XgAi9F4cN8MmCOBuYxCOqBIu5f3xccBnWAnfnb5Ypi5dK0vTtsgrE2YVxtAFgmUENzIxUcSFrdq0Tf7ywTSb3MBgOqR7e5mzap3M1vsxyQRXWklnGodSI7FRkSYqyRvpzdR7YnG8mjWpKLBu4d5cvVnTWpkmExeslO5tEyWs0mWLIuX+wl399Lzldi6B+79/52Pp2KKxuQr/953Jev02W9yaAb9pQry5jf8yZqpNbmDCzf+8Od5cgljt2jRpIK9NnivzkjdYLCExcgi2hnVi7b5zVq03d+f85I3+HPjwSog1q15cjPz6zYk2kWfCPK17zfv/e2iE/4zLvDVlgZWJCTWI2igVs1dYGvWlJ5x8ILUuv+dQpWL6A9f2TWplk3iw7uH+fGf6QptEQzr1YqO1bOW13lba5Ajc1O/PXGKTia5KYLZKQavG9S2O8Nda58vXZ1ieF67dLJdUpNHnf//WJBOzxwpOmHs7PECkhTpO3Cn9mDhH2mXm8jR5ZeJs+fK9g6S2ClyspExySdY+xDI2x1UAFweWVPrC65PnyVrtw+9MW2SCMJTAdTgcDkfZcMfHACICcBHuzjtkcXYM4oO6tTerCVaeZvV8wezEdDVJqG0xTLg3ibEiZhBXlVkINR3cW9GR1SVB02PAxU2INY3Yqb6dWkvlihWlZkR1c+MxGxIrCqKpW5tmJpyYtRoIFjBcowyquIxxs+I+hvL6HvccszixomElY904Bm/i98hXgl5LeVjrj8kRV7Mw4Ypj8gnWy8xde+X8+YvmMsXtSzq4UYkrgwQVMnzONVggKeN9A7qb9Qt349Zd+6xOscIRS9chEXEYY5Yy3ORDuneQ7n43r7lcI6rZsjdMqLirdycVLQlWX7izceVW0PMeGNTd6gLXI2WpFVVdmuMq1LwlafqUE+snbv37B3a3+DqOIUhwf3JNk7pxsmf/Edm5d7/V7/0Dumn7XTkxhve0EXnDmlazRnUT2oi7ytpGXtmL6g9MyEAk4e7FgkqcZpdWTbSc8VYftNmFCxesvIQejOrbWevss/GZ5AU3KX2jqPbnXrhO6cO+9RyrF05qIb8INuohqUUTm9ixe98h69fEARLb9+V7BttEFRZdJs6QctGWXl+pGhYW8jgxqvVVdOcdPm4zpYdq+fsktTYLKHGn9HvEI3VCjCSfWTto+akDIB4ytmaETY5p16yhnDh91tZ3JP8DurSx71xgOEJZ4GIAHQ6Hw0e5/OOH3GO2gtsJ1xWiIDj2LBBiyjBMFHdOIMziDbQmenA/LEIlTackIAIr6MB9rSky+eH1yXPkrz/8krnwcINeLQ7LOo/WyZVWM80LbsBPL5mICzzG+VgnQ6XruUwRPoFQh6QRfI9QeJbP4s6lbBc0zUDX8LVSXH/gEGXy4j2DKU25rgesz1hpv/HQcMsLZWbW+KT5q+Tl579mbYIgJb9erGMgxR33Vfdn2592oG6C2/JqELNYVH2VBec1T+NPFEjy2St3kXkmIlJFYLgTgA6H447hxv3S3mIwUGEZuZogY/AsjWgLJf6A+5Wl+AOsNmWVIpavkogjzgglYJjJivs2+BjvikqXOgklGKjDkookzrvauZQNi+31ij8orj+QfHFipjTluh6wGmbl7ldxP9diTpml++HspfLQ0F52nBzw4BNK/EFxx8l+qDLwWWnFH9xI8edwOByOy7hfW0chiCLW1HPcXjDJ4vlnH5ATp07Lf/zpLVvX75EhvaV/GS+x4nA4HI5bB+cCdhRC/N2p02elRsTlmDjH7QUzrrEUh1UObe273XEuYIfD4fDhLICOQoiJc+Lv9oZJIXeq+HM4HA7HZZwAdDgcDofD4bjDcALQ4XA4HA6H4w7DCcBbGBZ+ZgHdz4Nl6zLk8PESLlh9k3HqzDlZlLLZtuhjz1n2ED57vnQ7pbCUCrtd3M6wJ3PBqStj4xwOh8Nxe+IE4C0MO41s3b3X/+7G8vGi1baw763ImXPnbMeNAhV/7LqydN0WW4w6FOx4we4VgX8smDx/zQZJ23p567ubFXZyoQyB29vRboheb53Fonhn6qKS70rjcDgcjlsaJwBvMdZtzZYTp31WGvZ2ZeHcGwGLFC9J3aziySeU+JfPbkVYv46t1qpVrWLr0/nWJwzd9bEWHj5eICs2ZMiCtRvtNcunIBgD9xr2QGjlnzz9udYNCyxj/T0Rwlp36FiBrNywVc77908GtlVjC75AURgK9oG+1i0ES0tw/3I4HA7H54sTgLcYY2cvkwNHLm+uf6NgSZg/vjdF8k+c9n9y6xJeubLE1Kgu1cIr20xnb2u9ULBt2TcfGi6dWzWVVo3r2euh3TtYGqFAII6ds8zcy58XCLk3P5lv2+oFg4ALtvQhGK9m/fu8uZ36l8PhcNyKOAFYDFhE2BM30CqSd/iY/5UP4sJYWw127MmTZeu2yJade+TceZ+16PSZcxanx16qbP5P7Nm6rTslNSPL9or14DWb56/YkGl7BAez99BRWb8tWwpOnbY8ITxssL94Ubbq+7VbdlwhQrBYbdqxW1Zt3GrnYgXCOkR+cg8esT1sOUa+Ll260upDGTds322fp+/Msf1+gbMoL+5ErF4evE7L2ClL0tJtP2WgDOlaD4Fsy9lXWGZ2pNiAqzJAmLA3biC+8wvsNfsKL1ufYfemDjwysnMlR49hGcWqhEWJuqUeuQYQe1++b4hZAtk/t1/H1mYFvBaot7XpO+TA0eNa/yKR1avK4K7tbB9irLG0EfenLYJtaUUdp35pi5Wa50BRx+4dB/U+ge1LveHipR0zd+WWOgSAPrPnwBGL6Vybvt32MQ5mj7YD7UQ/W651ThucPH1GUjTf5IPvhQdtv2rTNlmtf/Qzj6P5J+2zVO3zge0FRfUvPsfdzveEcjocDofjxlHh+eefe8H/2hEEuuhvH06TNk3q2wDP4PnSuFmS1KKxiQkmFPzlw6nSrU1z+WRxsnw0Z4W5ZxlcGUQ7NG9owu1lvQaXXaaKFa5Jy8yWI/knZMzMJZbW7rzD8tL4WSrSDth1i1I3S/P68VKjejV/TkTW6TXLNV1EEeKuflwt2bQ9x9JnwEQsTF+WKn07tjIR9PKE2bI4NV0O6aCMuECYVgmrLGFhleTViXNsYGfARSjVqF7lik33EWbL0rbI9j37zGVau2akCSxE3WLNGyJwjYrVHu0SzQ358oRZKmx22aA/e+U6iahWxXaf+M2bE6Rjy8b2mnL//J8fSfe2iVIzopqJn9+/NUkaxMdKXHQNq9vf6vukxEa2Vh2TEX726lit22YmFt6askAOqxDJyN5rAqp14/pSJbyyPP/iGNvabKPev3dSS/n72OlWHwipKdombEnXvH4diY6sbmVhEWTSD7V9WSAbND1ESA/NLyBm9h08apNJEJZzVq2XTlo2hP6sFeukab04eW/GYhXC2SaEZmhbkPfwypeF5j8nz/nMcWLu/jZ2huzKOyi5Ksxmr0yzOonVOn/943kq0rJk9eZt2r55MmN5qrRt2kBm673pB1jReKBo36yh/w4+4Y0LmLrZf+SYCVYE5DFtm94dWlpdvTZpjhzOL5D0rByLh8TSSf8eO2e5jOzV0YT8tKVrrc9Sj8n6L30pe+8Bu4a2bN6gjt3rf9/92D6n/01Zssa2naOO/6rfG+pvz37E+U5p2aiebbUIofoXDyIvjpspxwv4fuyUtdq/Oup3w7umrOBxI/2cPgRdvNKdnxQWJvHsW+1/73A4HLc7zgJYDGyNllA7Wrbp4AQIN8RH1p799n6uDsTREdUlW4UbIuunX7xfvvfYKPnhU/eYgEAsXdBBGpH2jQeGyc+/+oikZOyQAZ3byBdHD5RHhvU2C8xUHWx7tW8hP3nmfvmPJ+5WcZMgH8xaJucCYs44/q1HRkpDFQePD+9ropTBE0sN13BvbHQr1mfKYhUppPsLvd8PnhgtA7u0NQvgqbNnLT/bVTw8OaKv/PDJ0fLw4J5m2TkTYHHBDfr1B4dKZR0Qn717oIlUQHT895cfkh8/fZ/sO3TELHxY5arq4EmZv635+/K9g0wEMpC2UbEybWmKXUueEF4N68Ta+8oqzDq3bioL1my09wiTzTt2m/iAFZou4gkxOXf1ei1zH/mB5vc/nrzbxPcc/QxXKJa4fp1ayy++9qhMXpRsVrLnNH/UyQ80Tx/rZ54l8HpBmHz30bvkJ1+8T2pFVdf23yCXNA+I/vPnL8qcletlRM8k+dI9g2RYjw5XxLeR11DHJyxYJe2aNbD6I8+j+nYxoUf7YV3bvf+gfP+JUbaVG+27ddc++doDQ00gUids6RbMRq3Hf6lgfm3SXPujPTyL2vsqUu/u21m+//jdlmaiCrn52gaISQ8sfEwc+an2x28+OMxELg8c5O9ZzfvO3AOSryIQkVcnpqae94D13fv6d5PXJ8+zvn/85Cl5QvvpEyP6SZdWza7YLzm4f1EW3OhfumewtfHzz2pf1tPfnrbQf4XD4XA4yhonAK9C36TW5grDBTZp4Spz9/Eey9eMFak6YHc2gdhXRUhCbLSJk/haUTK0e3sVM1ssDSwscfpZeFglad+8oUzUQX/ywtVSV8+vGh5mgyligED9BfqHV5Q0EWseFSqUt7QRfcSxlWejfR0kEYYxUZHm0mzRMEHF5hGz0N07oJtEVa9q1/Tp0NIsM+X89g2sbE3qxZl1JTY60lyTTJLwYBN/BmeopP96m/ozwGPNi1RRRnmwIK5XUUzecF/OS95g96ZuEEVPj+ovm7Ny7DOsmgiW8gGWt/sHdJcduXnmAsSi9oSK0uRN20z4YGl7ZEgvSwtxinsYobJU67SSlgk3O+5jrKQttdxVtG6pv/haNc2qSV5wyUfXqC65ZbRUTp8krUcVsNR1k4R4s7B5UAe0+Qezl8p0Fb314mIkOvKyBbeo4xu2ZpvAQiCTZ9ytzOT1Jvr01PaNi44qbN9Dx45b2/j6QUXrC8EM6dZOXvrJV+X1//6m/fHggJDmYYG0sWrycEOaPBwcOV5QeD+PAfp5VEQ1qV61itTUfCLiqqjQj6gaLuW1LFgGsfqydzSTZeZr3mkP+hh9DoviH96drG2y0URilYAYyuD+laWCkrIltWhUeO1D+mCCJd3hcDgcNwYnAK8CwonBcVFKusVdIayO5BfIRBWDuE1xyTEIY7H5tDCqS8wC4rn/cHkysMG9/brJkyP7SuXKFeWlcTNl1so0C9LneLUq4faHS/T+Qd19Iu8qENPm4Qk1Yt4QTl5uEJeBs4UZ2L0BmAE7QJMVS3xMlP+Vdhy716dSsWJ5EyNY98h7DU17UNe2KhqqS60aEdK/Uxv556TZEqsitVOLJr6L/SAkcZ9j8UKY3NOvqzRvUFfGz1tp6XVt08wEI+5h6tKrn2YJcSZcTBRrORA3gAi8cOFC4Xn89WrXwkRbWcDkEQ8sWuTLgzbEqvu1+4dKBe0PuDMXpfqsmVDUcQQQaXn5jSFGUR8mvDLRFzxo38t3LD0VKlSw6wPj606fPW+fBQpzQEjTrnzsPTj48L2j7ulnxPF5ea+sgnJEryRJ1DbEkvfAwB4q3glHmFXsepW+/spM6sulO6YPRWxZF1jHDofD4Sg7nAC8CgT5Y9H7aO4yuad/FxMyiA5Ey6NDe9vA2bV1M3MPfrww2axi85M3mvXi/oHd/alc5m8fTrcYKcRO03rx5rJsVi/OrFWIzfoqKgnyj1Hx5InG4ggWiRXLV5B2zRtZTGLqliwbSCctXC2785ic4RtMGdivUH0lHGM9gRkIQgx3Ya3ICGnZsK7sPXDERAWCAIhzO5J/UkVhu5DWKo5juevYopHFrXVr21zmJa+XvkmtzEKJwEV4MfO5haaPmMbyhPgOLvuTI/rJjtz9ZqVsXLe2WVFxz2OlCuaiio0PZy0z62RJQfQUBYL7py++b3V7T78uZjXb7Z8QA0UdH9qjg8X+0faNVKgSY0c941aHkjwElJSoiKrSqlE9GTdvhS82cPdei0NFsGHZCySwe4QismoV68O4mwmTqBtTU1ZtzLRldKjzNz6eJ60aJ6gg7GjlOR0wcSSYds0amtv5tclzTSimZuyUMTMWy2PD+lh9ORwOh6PsKbvR5TYFgdchsZG5WRF6iIAWjRKkbZP60rR+vJ1DXNs3Hxxubs6v/voV+XA28UyDLL4qGFzAv3lzonz5Vy+pQNthMXgPD+ll7rgf/+0d+cFf3jbxRIxfsFWmROgliCcmaPzu7UnyzC/+bgINy1qRg+l1jLFJiY2lgwpO7vVlLTuLJfds73MxAvesF1dLGqkgC3V/3JstGtW1iQwIhToqtkmzmdYd5a+udYFrmEkSX//tq/LC6+NsAkL9+FqfyTbi8f4B3eSP730i/+/3r6lQ3GmuxFDCE4vThIWrbKJDKLh3KMFbFBHVwqWP1vvPX/lQvvTLl8ytfXffLv6jelwFVqjjuIURrD/+27vyrT+8bjNmWYImMGaurMB294W7+ttklm/+/nX56T/eN6E8SEV8oNCk3OUDapc+72WHJuQ9bYmLv5W23fOaDv0WK+eoPp1swgdC8Iu/fFF++Jd3zKUbrwKxKCj/958YLYeOFsi3NF9/fPdjE8bUjcPhcDhuDOXyjx9yPpargGuKmLOWjRNscGTZFyx9DJ7BAzUzdIlRK0q84dE6fuKkuWUJfg8UGbi7sJ5VDQ+95lxpISYLyxMD7I2GvGPF8Sx/HohhXOPE82H5DIb6wDoZo3VRLTxMLly8KHtVoGD1C5xBC0xUoEzBnwfDOcTVMeu5OMgvcW1FNNU1gYAjVAD3dyiLYVHHKTflu1qeywoEGi7zsrCwsUA27RhoseY9MYeIQh6eKpRQ0Frcq54aqq+UBec1P+NPFEjy2StjHp+JiJSksPDPPFQ4HA7H7YoTgI4bBsuE/OyfY+X7j40yq53D8e/GCUCHw+HwUXIfl8NRSiYvWi2xURHSOKG2/xOHw+FwOBw3A04AOm4YxCF+48HhN8yd53A4HA6H49pwAtBxw2AiCzOoHQ6Hw+Fw3Fw4AehwOBwOh8Nxh+EEoMPhcDgcDscdhhOADofD4XA4HHcYt4UAZM2xmwXWwzuaf8LWRruRkD4LPJeW4ydOXbEV2OcB29Cxk4fb1qvsYU9e1j28FliT8NiJk/53nz/F3Z/1K/keORwOh+PGcMsLQBZU3pazzxZgvhk4e/6CjJ2zXHIPll6clQbS/+Vr4/zvSg5b2G3asdv/7vOBvZP/+uE0qxtH2fLnMVNUSF25pl1JYQu+KYvX+N99/hR3/yVp6baIuMPhcDhuDLe8ADxyvEAHiqUqMv591gIsWxu377bdFXidf/KUb0eDGwjps51YaWELtNKK5V37DsrR/NCWGtJChBfHxYuX5LC2U7AFkJ0v8k+c8r8LDdfuyM2zXTtuRvYfOWbWTaB4n3c/PHzshFwKYQE8WnDiqpZB6rTg5Gn/u8+f4u7PMazVDofD4bgx3PICcMee/bIuc6dk7z34b3Mx4uJ8bdIcyTt8Y61+/w7YymvmijTJyN4Tsn7HzFwqS9PS/e+KIvT+CtOXpciL42b634XmzLlz8vGiZHN13owkb9ouKRk77PX2PXnyi1fHXlUQ32hop9+9NUkWrtno/8ThcDgcjiu5pQUge/QuX58ho/t11X+32P6vvs8v+axwFy9eEY9HXNHBY/ly8sxZs1wRg4TA4b1nRWHwZK9fz3rCv2xphrWNz4PBQnWs4KSc1vSOF5zS+/osGqSDdePQsYLCfAH3w7KB1SiUhYP7nTx9xsrmwfVcB6R7Qo8jOoEyYnUiLf8pBuXj3pS3ONcr11E26iaUfKZs5IdyYQUkLWII+RzX4wODukv3Ns39Z/viurgv+91S76SrufYdDGJI9w7y7D2DCtuLMpMf2ox64O+o3ueU1jufe9YiLIeUmTokb0Vhbafn8Ud9cf05zRN1ExgHSf3Stl4usT4dOHrcrJbcy4N7WV3565+8Ud6Ck776YW/oHzx1T+FexVx7WOuC+vD6oNffyAd16MvbldZiriOvge1Jfr23/Et9eXkj/+SV/JA++/t++9G7pHdSKztufZG+r3nH4sp7D15RdvIYyspK+wXWAf09ML+IXU/wkkfuQZk4D672/QqEOuR6+k5AFh0Oh8NxA6jw/PPPveB/fcuB2zU1M0u+fM9gmZe8QWpH15A6MTVtAHrz4wWyO++QLFy72T7PyN4rH85ZJpuzcmTTtt2yPWefrEnfIa0aJcj0Zal2XdXwMBvEpixJltiaNez9hPmrLO1NO3JkmYrM6lXC7VwPxMr4+SslXdNloGMDfAYy/l2xIVPSNH+5B49IIxUHbJY/f81GmbpkjWzS85epeEUYNKoTa4M2MPBPWrhaEmKjpZrei/wsSU2X6BrVpUpYZUt70sJV9pr0K1SoIItTNttrTUQaalqUm/iptVt2yPqtOyVTy94gPkbTC5PUjCwtW6TUqx0js1ask48Xr7E6WanXn9eBHRETCBY+6vmQCoxdeQelfPlyMmXxWlm1aZvkHT4mx1RQnDp7Vupqfldt3Kr3XS6bd+ZouXfKPj2evHmbtGiYIItSNsmIXh2lUsXLu4Ks25pteawXV0vba76Jrrla18naLrjTa2mZP9I2y9i110R4voqRBnExMnHBSosRI5ZxzebtWjcRem5EYR3CcRVIxGISZ0bbUSfzkzdKzchq5tLOyM6VJglxVh7Kv0LboqXmM2f/YRkza4nW006rq22791nbcf2YmUtkz4Ejkqxlr1C+vKan/WJ7jk3GQQTFRtWQcXOXS/e2zSVPP+P81Zo/0knfuUfqa94//fSSWTRTtIyrNmzVOthp4qxBfKxUrOB7HqOs/5qyQFpq36wSXlnOaB+gPds0rme7qhxSkcTxVo3qaV9dY32Eelip9Y+4bVovXj7SfIRXrmxtTVuNn7dCUjQfKzZmWhr04S2ap22788zFTh7pQ9RJRLUqlg/ASnv2/PnCPr92y3YVhWctXSCGDwHKd47ybty+S79X22VP3mFp1qCO5b2o7xftgNjr3KqptdOEefo90r5De2BN54Ggb8fWdp+yAtmZfu6c5F688qEoKSxM4itWdHsBOxyOO4Zb2gI4Vge5vh1b2aDeq0MLmbBglX3OgMRAQnzWEyP62ODMADiwcxt5ckRf6Z3U0gZCBnesG3sOHC60kmGZ2KMigIF0xvI0SVWB8tDgHpZOv06t5b0Zi6+YfVujelUZ3a+LREVUk8Fd2+k92loaO/cekHv7d5X7BnTXgTZX9h8+bqKDwX9YjyTLx0ODesjMFal23INBkjg9xA0DIAMrec9V4YFVBFfo0eMnTQCe07xjdXxsWB/p0rqZvPHxXBNO3CMmKlI/7y2PD+urqX5qojHQkrNYBRSf3dO/i+VlkOb93WmLTOwFcnffzioo4qRH20S5X8ty5NgJycrdLyNVzFHegyrasGTt2JMnr0ycLQM6t5YnhveR/lrX05enSrbWg8/O9FkQzzkqrHzttUfSVAw9MqS3tRPCprIOyKP7dpWGKo4Gd2sv/VQMrNq01ayaD2rdPTmyr5Wbc4NjFMfPXaHtu9fOeWxobxPay9ZtMQsYcaP0jU/9+UIs0gewVr0zfZGJzKdG9tN66Wd5W6CinXZCINOmCBaE4z39ukqHxEbSsUVjGdRF212PMyEJkfPmJwtMaHH/p/SPtF8cN8PagJAFHhYeHNJThvdMMvFFnjzoz/S/+Wt9LlwEMOIVwQzr9d9LFy9JRNVws0bSBx/Vtn5gYHdt+9XWHtQ7M2yxqM1QAdYnqZU8M2qAjOjZUUVbsvbhI5YWDyfd2jSTx7XNKqgAnbkizT73QNiTP8/Kh6jelLXb+jh1s0gfPrCGvj11obRr2kC/J321DXvJVq17+m1x3y8PBN+0pSkysndHu75jyyaSqWUOZSV0OBwOR9lwywpARMhmFUm1IiN0ANljFokN27JNUBBzhqtpZK9OZnXZnXfQtiXr1qa5WSKSdNBmn1qsOKHw5MrMFSnSOCFODh8/YRYgBvSwypX8osZHxYoVJC46yixbiK5aUREm1EbowI41pVHdWKmp4pCgfIQElioGP6wfx0+elriaUWaB8SCdts0aSooKT1xtO3MPmNhbr2W7eOmiWTwTG9aRiGpVrYz3qCBJqB0t3XUQRwTlHjxsYqe/itV6tWvZMVytCDsEisfStM3SvEFdc/tRNtKqW7umrFRhHAjW02oqSikD27pRN60a15MWjRIkrlYN30nK6k3bpLXWca8OLa2OOzRvKMNUtPm4ml3F116PD+0jDevESDstP5Nc8lUI19Z7YAWL0XrFIrhx2y7p1b6F1S313kXFGEI5cDkRyoR196v3DZVGdWpbHTyuIpl6DAX3BoRTpor0SBVU1AnChbJsz8mzdsPK9sniNWZlRfRxLLJaFTs/0AKJwKG9n1QRiSU3QdvhmbsHmCUy79AxqVypktzVu7NZfn2WvwpmZfPgPW3GjG3yhlWtTdN6+j7FBBWCiYcYLMo1tB/ggqetWzaqZ/0TKzGQGx4cGmiddlOhTD1QX996ZKTmuZqmLXqdfqbHKEvnlk0lZz/fn8vQf6kX/rAA42pGrHIPwi9qRFQ1cRinfWOgPhCQDm1zv4rROavW+1O5El9tX2aLfn+7tm4qSc0b2fUIUoR1+QCLrsPhcDjKlltSAGJNwa2EZWjqsrXy0dxlNljyHqsTg2alihVtoAYsFeE6+GO1AQZqRA3vyvnFh42GCgOsL25NzD2FZWv1xq3m3sT1F1ezhllciqOC3gdxwn34K69CkxgorD77Dh81sUR6pFtOz62taXoiBDqpuMDKiJhdvXmrPDa8j4rdHHMNYj1q07SB5b2ipsu1gGgALz4rUNwiFPg80KJy5ux5HewPah78edE8RakoQLAUB1VYW8V2mKYZCFavamFhhYM25a5e6EoMHvKD+dTy27Cur714TTKFcWP2fx8IJa+sQN1yrhdzBrQ39Vmtapj/E39+qoR7b6wuvCrH7Y5oRjhSDixe1Al/PGjQj7D2vfD1R+3cF177yEIDAu8ZCH2I/meN5IcyIe5JPyqymlRVUQvk3bplUBUhiGpo/SGiEFtYI/cdPCobVAyS92b1461MtC0CFEiLuvH6Ev8/pfdDFBIqAJyDWK1eRfu/vq6t/dRrs8qVKth3K5BofcAidGCn1sO4OcvNQsspuSqOP16cLKNUyNK3Kmn6gYKN7xsPOuSlqO+Xh30/NY98F4ByYQnnX4fD4XDcGG5JAYiVIkuF2fPPPiC/+vpjhX+/1AGauCZiyQLHDixWuM1WqdghkJ94vSVpW2wgNXGkgxLr6uFOw/K2228Fubd/Nx3IKpmVDVceFq568TEW21QcCM1Qg9fwHkkqPMNlcLd28vSoAdInqaUKxRqWbuD5xGAN7t5eXsOle/qsioFmek49+dvY6RKjg3eDuFp2HoN98G0Qp5Rpzur15uY8cDRfpi9NkQ7NG+nnvskJMLgr1rlyMqBzG3nqrv7mdsPKN7BLO98JRRJ6UO7ZLtGsk6s3bbV6RKjMWJbiPxr6msuUM/djUQN+4KcdWzSRxanpPgvqiVOyfN0WE4HESHpQB4hk3LBYwLCM4u7er/0CovT47n2HVFidkr0Hj5i1EEEcH1PTLE/ELD49qr88OLiHxNfCMtbEYg4R4N95dKS5ONemby8U28FYvKUKmLGzl8leFfIIt/emLzbRVl/bzidwi68Tjj97z2AZN2+FhRdgfX1seF95e+oCs/YhzLzzvAebYPi0sYpXrMj0a4Rkqj5AvD9zsbnfoZI/7rAoEK1YznENM8sZVzexiePmrjDB10WFKnG0PLBwDhbCrD37LQZxZO9OFodY1PfLg769evM2ixtFhPOQg7X1RruAL+q9zh3Jt7/Dh46ZuHc4HI47hVtSAKakZ9kghMs1ECwbDLKIwEBaNKwro/p2tuD+//jz2/LejCXmpmIgrlolzAQWMUw/0GPL12VIXRUCQJwb7sg/vT9Fnvv7++aCw5WMteNaaNO0vozWfLz5yXxN71154+P55gJELARDLOEBHZiIpWMQHt6zo8UQ3t23iwmeoqgSFmaxent1wP3ZK2Plv1/+wOKviA8jHQ9iJ+/p10Xe0nL/RPMyYf4KKyuC91rAJfzs6EFaj4usHrEWIRx8XGlV+izFHw88SqwnQvX370yWH/71HVmUutnqpGbEZQGIKHpaRS1Wtp//c6z858tjzOrkWTfbqxiuVjVcfvriGPn925NVSGs/0DZA0BAnR/wlx372yofCItZ19DqEN5Mc/kvrc+rStdI3qZW5/0OBxeyr9w8xwcWyMC+8Ps6EzXcfG1XkNaFoq/0FsddU+ypWPNy+iH4EU2BbFgX1Fh8TpXltqaJvifzwL29rn5un35G6UkPrsKS0bdbAZi3TB3HH4/5m1vAjQ3tbfnDbMpsbcffTf7wvf3z/E/t+PTy4Z7HfLw/6Xf9ObeS1yXP1+/mWxbB638+yBgvn0cxdsmvMDNn55iey673p9vfma+OtfuhThEEUJe4dDofjdqFc/vFDVxudbzpwI0GoQdA7hvXAW44DiBM7d+G8xfMhIJgdzNIxv/3Wk3Yu1okzZ3zuOdzCDNQIAtx8p8+dszgnXIi4PkNZbziO5Y1rcGl51wODJ4MZf5aP8yxBc0aqqwgJq1SpSAsO7r8BXdpKZU2LRpq5PNVEKfdnIMPF5sW1cZwZl1ZmPY5L8+zZ8zqQXbL7kB/uQv1wPy8vuFRxS3KduclDlI20EJ1c41t+5lMb+H3HND29BgseeULoYLXEikn7mJW1YkUToYHtAaSFm5fzgo9Tn+ZmpixB9cngjMWOc5gIQb2HahNzN2q7co/IalXlx3971yb0MCGCNsEyiOCtUtlXh6SDp5Lych3lRRiSP+oKFz4WQ8QmFkeEoycUPNdrYDm4P3nk/l46nMPnvCbP3v0CyxcIE4Sw/jExBHBLd2rZxPIKXj155adPVNL3lmb5Cr520fuTr/2Hj1mMKg8ctCeWOSbCmLtaoa3o717agSxfn2nCz3NdMzO9Z/vEwmu9ctEHyUsVvYc3q7mo7xcTWbz7c865cxfkcP4Ji/XkWuomVF6uBx54Ji5cbfm0GwRBLVJ/WMK///goayeHw+G4HbklBWBpmbVynaRlZJlVhiVDTqr4+vvYGdK0frzNlHXcGfzHn94yty4C0HFngWuaRceXpm3xf3J1mtWLl//80oPm0nc4HI7bjVvSBVxaiE9jlvA/Ppopr0yYbbF0URFVZVSfTv4zHA7H7Qqxm3/5YJq5n0sDMY9/HjPVLKcOh8Nxu3FHWAAB9x2L8xIbR6wgT/W4Rh13DrhPWdQZl6rjzoGYQuJuCXUoLbj2n71noK076YU9OBwOx+3AHSMAPYhVChUv5rj9IUaR+DPX/HcOrF/427cm2dI+1wqrCPz3lx+yGfsOh8Nxu3BHuIADceLvzoVJFq757yyY/R28uHVpYSHw4yok71RYZP1arKdM7GG/bkQ4D95YGojFZAY5x24ENss7n/3fi5/FzX7U5KUsIT0mwV0P1Av7h7OUGXVWFDci/58nlC9w8fvS4lvCy7e0lOPaueMEoMPhuHNgKR62w7semFHNdoHFDcgIHdYyZKtCdt1hu8Lizi8KZiezHqK3EDlLP12L+CorEFTs98zuM6Utz+yV6+SNT+bJBq0PtlFk/dWXx8+yZXaYxX8joP4+mrvCwn2Kgz3K35qywP+ubCC9lC3XbmkGtidln+/FKenFiuQbkf/Pkxc/milZey7vqFUaWHOUkA62vWQ9WMe14wSgw+G4bWG5n7LAZ8XyvwkBC58zcC9cs0nGzV1u6z++pGKntItLH9X7jJ+3UhanbpaVGzJtIXDWbmTR838XlIElpUrL9GUp0rtDS9vVhrVTWTqIdS0Hdmlr60leKwgj6iOUIEWwItYRnMFgyczY5dt3HVEduH1kSWGJL3bFCdzL2uOY5oklw64H9kRnLdsRvZIKd+8JRWD+Wc6KHYso+80MDxHeAvTscc+D1bXA5KyLlz6Vh4b0lOb1i9+UwVE8TgA6Sg1fwI/mLL+qm+XfAW4RFmoO3m7M493piyWvBLM62eqN7fEcnx9L09JtS8eypWwGxeCt/YJBGNSKrC4/fOoeixf8+VcfscHu1/+aYGs1lhTETe3oSPni6EG2Z/MPnhitA7uY1czbGvFWAXcoE+5Yq5TQG3ZhYgFy1lMNteZlSWFbzF+/McHWtgxFUSljXftg5lL/u2sD1+OUJWtNqN8IzqqAZGvHiKpViutuV5CponbywtW2rufNDIvBb8n2CfDr4Zx+n1iPlPVYy3qd0DsNJwAdpYZ4qMzde3VguvkGJJ6MeUIv6ukSN1RJ4nS2afnyDhfvRnJcScGp0yGtEHxUkp01cg8esbYrS9gZp6iF1ksDu7tcLRXuw4DEri3MNP/ZVx62vbrZrhBrFVZERAsWG9+C6qFBHLH4O2mxUkGbJvVsez2sHmbhOnHKYqgCrYKkz3tcz3wHPOsYgpJlcHCDEzfmwXcAdyn7nfPQFChSaSvyyjXB7mfSZRF7XN4IXBZIBxYQ98qHdYdjfIb1kDgt8sax03rf4H7CSz6jTIHH+D9pkj8ENnklP+w69L0nRhUO/hzjHP7On2dx8yshPYRb/onTev1Zy4vnXvWuRZwGQp4Pan64jlg16g6rH/mh7vg3uG6A+iHswMuzB3ngGuqNh1OvfQIhX6e0jOSF+3JKYXvrdfwbDHngfuTpaMEJy2sgvD+kfSJfr6WtOC/Qekk9cD8ELQ/0Xn3TdrwnXpO8eG1C3ikXeaF/BP+WcoxrSMfrK5TJqy/S4hqv/LS3tZtfvFrbBHw36JeBfZP0aQs+s/L6j/EZ/ScwLSC/3M/KdIs9QH0eVHj++ede8L92OEoEMRjbcvbZXsY329IY/BiyFSB7H3u7pAQyL3mDdG7VVGpGXt46LhTLdNBm7Ui2HHRcHX50//DOZOnUoslnthPMPXDY9gmmLtldpSjYgo9B/vIWgtfPmXPnVIBl2jJQ1wo7p4zu11Vionz7L4eC7wOTTQZ1vXIv7WjtZxu27bL9vn//1mSzPs9fs8HqItQyVMH9l3pdlrbF9oNmG8qFazfJtKVrta5yZPn6DLP6NKxTW5at32Kf7847ZFvy1YurZbvPYMmmz3M+52B9Y+u+jxetMbc1e6KnZGTZ/svkCUsdVlgWz8cduWn7btlz4IgkNqgr9eNjZN3WbE1zpV1LjCKCs3Hd2iYG/vHRDBPxS9MyJDM716w9iEyEB/dYv3WniUMUWv24mEIBl74zxyxY5H1t+g7bOYhtPnEhY20jH+lZe8yFiLioqvUyc3ma1lFDc7myLzX7g3Pe5qzdJpYCv+OIhWmazlrbh/qwiQ+EBPfbo32TfacpS1x0VGF7jZ2zTNbrv5u251gcJla2ihUqaj9Ola3a1ggK9rnGpe2xQNsGIZKWmeWv02xpr3m8qIJ6huaX9tmseSQf7DBTJyba6ttjwryVFv/JupMIUNqD9p66ZI1s0rIv0/bmwbZRnVjzwtDf2OFovrYv+2sj9KMiqtvvFiC4sbrRFux3fuDoMasLYlQb1/VttbgjJ8/SZZcp6oM9z5O1Pg7nF8hKrZPkTdss3rC2pok19+1pC/X6XbYXOmXkX/ZQp655sHl3xmKty0ytu2z93h+1Pkpdr9iQadedPHXW3P/rt+7S9q/g639aH9n7Dth35MPZy6zfemWgn1Lmuv5tPLP3HdQ+kSy5+4+YQI/Q8tP3aC/ajfpj/3eW+6J/ESe5RtOfv3qDbwtQfZBzXMZZAB0Ox3WDe5IA+FBuOdx+7Zo20AHn+i1xpSWqejVpWj/O/+7aYC/k2GLEX3Ew4DAA8oeAQXA8OaKfCY2iYJAjnvClcTNNVHMNsXRbc/bq4LdGRvbqJE+M6CsPDOohs1almWBkrcNGKgTvVaHK3udMspi+LFVSdfBj+8MnRvSRfp1ay3s6QPMAx5aGU1UU9WiXKE8M72tCbsGaTbJjz34bSEf36yKPD+8jHRIbya48X6B9wckz8t70xSbQKcOTI/tZmRjAse4gDiuUK2/XkTe2aezXqY10b9tc85ykQjXWRFufjq0KHxIwBCG+qqkwHd23i/Tv2NosQD6hm2I79zw2rI80TogzYYqAxqKzc68v5m3lhq0mKh8e0kseHdrLBn6ETCBstzmke3vp1b6FxEfXkGE9kkx8U9aE2Fq2GxTCiXhL4vgIIemoDzJPafnYepP4OkRUwzoxMkLfI8CGaxrsyR3MDhVm1j5ap1tU2CIul2/I0HxmaFl6WprERL4/Y4mK5cP+q3wM75lkIp+9swfrgwQua9qV/D6p7f2Q1ikClO0hPdgvnDZsqOL83v7dLG8eiDu+k+yVzoMJDxO1tfy0EwIWEM70UWbUEmZAPQ7p1t76Dhbtx7UciFwmpWC1pr2x0pEmZWnZuJ61E5Ze9vJG8NMvHhnS2yxylJ97cn5MjUjp3q65JGmfYqtHQmzu0f7KPYl33bp7rz1k0B/4HeGhbZH2g9ial5dfSqgdLV20ftjF694B3WzbSL4TSSru+E48pHWMGCbeFItfevYea3/2Ko+qXtWfisPDCcCbGEz3s1ak2VPW65Pn2ReDLxhPxu9OWyR5Ry7HsvEDzhPkqxNm29O+Fy+EoT1z1155a+oCmbRgtT018eTGkyqf85qnQ57c+OEPhqdl0mPWFT8+mPA9eOLzLAyB7hB+eLgf1/D0HAxPoFv1x81zA5g7CZeBvRPZqwPUsnUZhS4kZvWRVuAMu7SMnZZ/D4K7Q83A26NP/Ax6/EiFEiceuAr44SffO/ceuMKNxA8nA9I/dEBmRiR58liwZqO8P3OJuZY9NwmD1HgdTJgEwI+c/2PLL0/Xc/Vp9F+fLLC8eVBP/ADD1erPg4F5zMylZl0jT5/oDyHulkAQE9x39abtlh7Wh0DIz2uT5so07VO4z7AQ0M+wRHnkaD49Vw9txgDCoOi1H5YX6gXXIX2E4/O1XrDWTFywSrK1Pq199XSuKKo/3ggY6Hu2a3HNT/5YuHu0TTSBcC0g/Nj32LN2IUIa1Y0tfB8KLGAIV+oQq8u3HxkpdWNr6mC4WTq3bGqDPi5m1ifs2a6lZKkYqh9XSyYvWi1L1m2xAbah3mPWylQTTux/jiiiLLinaQ/A4tJDxRmDKqIRKwwDfOdWTaS1ps09Orb0vYa0rTutPnsntbRjCDoEZ2b2Xisn/X+wigfygpWRSQwM0FgvGcSxaGKxQfx6lmAMYFh7mPQyVb+jxL91atnYvguIBspI2Qd3bWuvg8Gq1KtDC2laL87u2VPbKlAEAUIGiyJWKsrP/aiLyGpVbLIF1iXqjHpB3FSvWkVFbjNLr1mDOtb+7JOOZQqXPhZILGLE6QVD3ls0TLA6bdW4vv2WbN6xxyxuuEGZtVpZBQmsCooxJl/ULw9M5HdRymZrf9ycXHdcv5NxNaNkR26e/wqxPFAu8kebkEcP6o3vMRZb+j8CsU6tmhY/x0MD6aZmZqnobGB1NKhLO7PmUs+EIYzo2dHSaFovXg6pYOT7Xi083LbSbKL9yupbxSe//bu0f2Hte3rUABOM9IEv3zvY+gDtzhqa9Hn24cdqieUToZmo9UtasXqc3xkeFLEiH9H7zV25TmrXqmFpebDPOkKO8sRrWc7pbzOvu/rbiweAPvqwtF77BeMHVtr2+gBHGYr7zt2pOAF4E7P/SL68OmmOTNcnXzb1x8Xyu7cn6Y/0HhV8BfLDv7xtX/D1OuD+z+vjbVDmh+DNT+aZGOALwNP5yyoKT589b0/+v3pjgkxUoVigQg5XBcsy4Jpgo/7/fe9jWaoDSCB8Kd+dvkhi9MeJafv/GDvTvnSI09+9NUnTPCLzVNAwcxEBwOD/4viZJkT4kpM+4ikw/oL4IEz2Z89dMEGwRgUubhzcWQwi81avtx+8/SoMf/7PsSqUDllaiAaEMIMNroqUjMtiBtP/wrUb/e98kO6v3hhvP7zELP7slQ8t5iQYhNQLr39k7ifirHAbILwQLAifVybMkjmr1tsPD0+Uf9d22K/i+51pC018ReqP8KsqohDQCC62DyP/NfR8rAr8AJNn6vuf2p6LUjbZ8bdVxPOjyrF39DVtVJL6w6U2a8U6eeGfH9mTPIP2nz+YKi+Pm/WZyS8Z+kP/x3c/NmEGWB5w6/CjzZaIY2YuNoFCXX3vz/+yciXra/oNbcF54+Ytt7XwqA8GSPoLefDcVwwkDE4cp37pG0wS+t93JsvO3AN67T57aGFmZnH98UbRv3MbHSCa26BfWrBYDejSRsvq/6AUIKbnJ2+0XYcYiCBYnISCQfeBQd3luafvM7FMOtQ1FpGwyhUL653/854HlG89PFK+/sAws1Q9/9IH5nJDVGORWq2CHlFPu8epgKFfQmMViV5a9AEeGs+dP++b8OKPeKyoQg0LCtAXGIADn44Y4C9c4nt7Sc+raHkvLXf17iTfeeQui1P77VsT7YGP72x1Hdi9ai9XrnxIwcV3J8zy64PfyZIO9HU0r54QZZYyZaAOED+FAlX/sFaW97+/GogSr6/g5sX9iwsTa+PqTb52oD1wgUerGCoO2nvf4aP2EOldV06FGiLUe9gsDsT0H7/3tIne/9XfgJ+9+qH1FazJC/S3cuzc5dIwPrZwr2seAsBiZgPqwN77G53XgfXLd4oVHk+d0d8dPS1wdjf1iNgsCqx9HpaO1j8imIeFFesz9YEm2SyEXh8NBe3F4v6+PPqoVKmCTRQhX/TXq4X73Mk4AXiTw4/el0YPki/dM8jcKgyc33vsLvmPJ+62YwyoiBPM4kyLH9ClrT3p4d7hxwPz+FMj+so3Hxwm33pkhDxz94ArlkjgC0JaX3tgqDw4sKfFvgWCqEOkEDvEoPT03f3ti43FCcvEdx69Sx7X9InfwkWA4OEHBtcJbod7+ne1Dfgt9sdPp5ZNVKiclk1ZxHydNdHEDxyxL8cLTqkwOCY92yfK6x/PNXfT9zV/lP9333rS4skCLX+FBP0eMlix9/NX7hsi39Y8/vDJ0fKFu/p9ZuFQhMz81RulS6tmNnvzK/rU+g2tK9+P3KeSvdcnRB8d1lv6dmwtDwzsbvXBDxSWFeoPK8uPnrrHfkjnrFpnT5v3DehmT8q4pdZs3lY485gfxP989kH53uOjdFDYZ0KQumOQwdJQkvpDpM1amab3vFe+q33hB1q2nu1bXPEj6KHFs6di2pgnclx7xA/h+uHB4Zm7B9p9nr6rvz1pfzhrmeWD4+d1cEXMEVODhYa+gDsSC058zOXt9Dq2aGx1y4CH6weLAoPe8J4d5UdfuOeKOMqr9ccbATF8fGceG97HhE5J4Ly+HVtpO/m+ZyXh3Hlf0DzWNgTYi+Nm2iDeq33LQlHgDWYIdYQ9QfJFgWtvgIpXrMlY3of36GBiYKP2F1yVPPTwwIao5CEjrlYNE41Y6FK3ZMndfbpYv6IPPTmyr1n86mkfxaoFlUIIJaw/WImzcvPMjcwOKtwPsAzywLFiQ4Y9CPBQMHXpGrN4IRIZiEsLDza468qrcPv2oyO1nUZZPCUu2E8Wr7HvOg8V9L9Qu7m0a9bA4sj4flHXy/V7yYNwSaC/BoM45n6s6YiAxkrP94/fqZIQ3L8Q04QQVK8WbhavL44eKB1bNrbvJL8nxUF7Y3Eb3E2/n6MGWMw1ljTakd/gq8FENlyr3PNnX37YrH7EDSYlNpaqYWEWF0l4gEdxQsuDfktb8Bvtq+8MCde2b1a/jsWtjtEHTH4Xcf/iGaGfFAWW7mAQgoO6trXfN+JYiaEsDsQd+aCNMCxgsOB7RQyo98BXgmLdsTgBeJODybxubV8ALK9xEfBEx2AfWbWqfcFwr2Vk77EA2jH6pUPEYWZnMGJVeZ60vC835vnA+CN+iHDRAEHuuJgD4XziXRA8v3jtI1vclSd+nnS9J0ee1C9c9LlXmcWZmrGzMC8MhDyJXVJx6EEZBnRuKx8vXG3CBssBg9ZsFU+IG1wzBGRv0wGGH3jvSTRCP2+gg12gGPIInsVHnTBLDHHiff/bNmto9RIIooaAZ9wE3oCASwh3CgMaAmj/4eNm9aI8WDoZGPghfEpFTwsVN+9MX2jWNCxaCDpiWbBicP5sFec8rSOIeGjHFYTLIrpGdR0QOthxrH6IPsRkSeqPQRhXD+uFAYNBZxXVodYNo9lZK4s6BfoQa+NxHwZfLJjcZ+yc5XJKy0U/IQ6JfoBlkUGDvCFquC9udsqMqCqaT+3Ht0vrpv73l7laf7xRIOIeH95bfvrF+6W2tm1x4H772v1DVVyPKpVFi5itn/z9Pfnje5+Y5Q/rIfsIe3UfCK7BVyfOkSwV48WBOKe/YfFFSCPqXp88V37813csjGCYioQ2Teub0Pjju5/IL/75kaSk77AHgrv7dtbvT0P50/tT5Lm/vy8zlqdY22LtKgrcvTwI/K+m9b0/vWnfSa8OYmpEaJ/vbyL+R397V/7v/U9s4CfGryTiIRT0XVyib30yX375z3EWR9ZWHyB4gKLfUZc/+uu7NhGhQ+JnxQAPWTyQ/fzVsfKDP78tG7ZnW1zftcLSIkO7t7dwkP/481taxin2uxPoWi0VWi39VOghjljP8Yfabgjb5irCQwnQQHiQGq1tSOjGc39/V6+fr7+5sVf57l2G3+i1W7ab54N6ZIIWcaI83CJUEaI8vAK/sYEtSIye95629SygxGryoP+7tybKf/zpLRNbI3t3st+V7z46yoTfT//xnrzw2jh7+MBaWVqqVK5sv01f0L52NaGLYCd2FAPCc3rf3/5rotSNibZ4V2/ccBTNHbcX8K0Ert7XJ8+Rv/7wS/Yesz2xcT//ysP2/jkdbLAQYMlhcdUkv9jB+sVgTYzOf738oTylT/8MBMBT+z914PnhU6NlkT7JMSCz3hggHOesXi+/+vpj9h6walxUwceXiZhDZjL2aNfc4mV+ooMpT/64mV4aP1N++62n5Jf6xb9/YDf7wQPcvCzMSnwGPyoe5PHLv3rJ4nxwVRBL8r0/vilDeyZJPf0B56n3P1/6wGJzHhnay65BQP33Kx/Iw0N6qjDaaj8OWOuw4v3Xyx+okK1qAciTFqySR4f2lm/8/jX59Tcft0EPsGT95MX3tXyPWtwJMHjgZq+r+SMvlPNYwSn7wR3Zu6MOuvVsFh7WM6ygiDlmnVlAsd6fHznK+K8p800kkS6imiBu2gKXCwKT2JtJC1ddUd9Yf779h9dNUPFjx8D7/Itjrlp/WCV+/eYEeeFrjxZa4rB8/OZfE+TtX3zH1pHzQDiw9MX9A7vbe8QlgyQxZgzuf/6PLxb+yGIxZtkUrAzEBDKLsUKFclaXWBIoO1YYrEzkJxDcwA/95P/kzZ99y368X3htrPVb4n8Qkbi4X9B6R6CUtD/eCM5q3j7Yt1/mLk+VfC3Lmbwj/iMInEgZ1quDuSRjVQSWZgDhQYK2BmqTARMRHGiVpc/bw5vWN3WEpYQYucD70B+xiCLSPFGFm5PXCAb6OuIctzDuNr5/3INwj6MnTsqhowXWfgyM3ufMlOV8+i8PW6TFQwBDvGex8sIvEAeU5cSpsxb+UCuqup5Vzlyr5JP8EUuLB4AHOaw4HONa+kDgzHvuyXGvDigHrz3LjAduPPp43qHj/nhBYvTKW96x7pAuvxG+ZHyuyfP6wOm5pql3Hgq5xrPWUq5g8UCdUzau41/CPagP7xjp8BBGWc7p9w4xQwwes1X1I6sbax89j7YIFr3UCy5z6gN46CO/nOuljweCGELqKfh6oB343EuD9j53/rz9VtjDv7+9A/NP2tRVoGvWgzbkwZT78WDDOcTYIZh5GPIWUqaOySf9FkGAC5VzyUtg+nx/+T1uEBdjVmhiIb3zLB2tA9z33A/RzNjBwwltwT1oF9ov8H7g6xt8Z8qb+GZW+nPP3FfYxoGQF9z1vlAF33eGsKSTp05LJT2/iv4me32MdIO/h47LuGVgbmIQGsSNEYwLuCNz8g5Lf326ASZftFaBwowogu3p7AwqWI/4MiEsGEhmrEizLwHm8bFzl9kPE4GyuF4Dl91AwOzI3W9i0gM3LYM3M7n4Cq3blq3CsrYJTG8ZGEzvxJARAI4wmrY01cQRsXUfzF5qT4eIosAfPBvM9JeG2LSHB/fUp/Zo+2EiDg93Kz92PCV/OGeZDZxMFMFSxef39OtiP5S4vvmBxiXBxBIsmLgMEBy4mYlbnDh/pf6oV7YYnPdnLZELWke4Xry4EPLEjxWz7bCm4mKftmytuaHaq0hhdhmiCWsksFgxyyYgtv80ZooKmP0qhqLMosYPG5aLTzQtBr8jKvwQfcTzYb3Zkr3nivrmxztb66iaii4soNQJg/TV6o/BkHYeP3+F5R3L0+xVaVZ/DwzsYRZGDwQWg4UXQI/rBisry5owkYb+xSDFkzyuRiyz1HG92jHy/szFKjLCtEzdTfD9fewMaaXlYFZiMPwo474m/IBYHgLYmTFJmbCi8pBCeALuoqv1x04tm5p1jEHds3KWFQxumeU+lWMN4iS6a1upPbCrxPbvLM/dM0S+PaKvdNJ2pQ2CxcPV4PtGWfmzQU4HssD+DhzzPiN92in4PhynHwVe64kv4HNct4i/K9LTAY4Bl+9AoLjgcwZojlHn3uek5w2+wGtPdPCaBxssX1zD514+uZ7PyDv39wZWy5e+DyTwfmDpBNzTg3PIM8KPmcNemvyLYOZeCAPy7NUNaXvwGW1GGa2u9C/wvh6UwbuOfHgPVBB4zNLXsiCiqTu7r/9cjhWVPul5eQcvv+ClTx4RLqGuB/IVmIaXF6++vesC80/aXv6C4V5Y2GlLzkEs8btZvlx5+356+QtsK/4f+D4wfb7XWGLxklA/gecBebIHDb+XKvA4r0nLex14HelzPp4VfosZSwhtCDzHg/O8fAPncF9+q/hNDexjRbWVw4cTgDcxLJsRrQLHCxynkyPEcJsBP5pNEuKlVZN6NnuLAZPZwF1aNZW+KhJ5+mY2GmZ7BBCiBIshroUETYMfIyxfrOMEFcpX0B/hCAtQ9vDcw9t351n8F9cT04Lw4jy+0PzVqO4TKbiLMPvz1MnEACx7uIi8H6tAcEcQb9O/Uxv7UiMsEStezBQ/MG2bNhAWZCYGqnXj+nK/ihGe0nHz1NLBLmvvAXN1YPJvovdPUOHCDxA/UK1UHFN/uNt4iiWgGAsddUUaHtRpk3pxJlRYDgHx2KVVE4vlo24QbxdUpCBYmCE4qm9ns7JgxTp0PN8mOiA2EX+s7cUMzMO4jo/kW7wOdUZb8aMXWN+QoPWFy4L8Aha9ktQfiwPzw86SB1gsKBv9gvsFDsRcx8BKPQA/nLQpgg43IT/31G+UpkWMnGfZIw1+UBHBWCbpQ/w4M2iECqrGSlRVz8GFyFM7Aw715w1ouNbox8T1XK0/EgSOeKaP0X/LEhzp6efOSa4/ZAEYIJJUhMczMPs/czhuR7DaMWP/rt6d7aG7tOIIAUhYDtbEGwHhM6y5yO8MvweOG4tzAd9m2Cy2gCcgD+I2EJTX8jTkuT0QejyNlgSu4S9UXgLBJYJg8yCWD4EQCOlAqLwj7HiaLa5YvnOuXnZuw7mhxCrYjLOgdHDRIFoDn849SCvwSTUUiDfSRRwGUtL64/6oFu/J+logD1Yu/3sP3DTMOvSCtc19pT/K13Mvj6v1R8qFcCxrzmtZx58okOSzV8aMPhMRqSIw3AlAx20Nv68s20RYzLUILJZsaqYPdjyc3wiIocYLk9jA9/DouLE4AehwOO4YnAB03OnwwHetD3HXc21JKO5h31H2OIntcDgcDscdwvUIuBsp/sA8EU78fW44AehwOBwOh8Nxh+EEoMPhcDgcDscdhhOADofD4XA4HHcYTgA6HA7H5wgLrrOzDGsn3gqwLlvy5u02AeBW4sd/f9fWvbydYJIEu/H89YNp8tbUhZ95/3nD/dmGkH3QvQkcHmVZ/+xUxDabjrLFCUCHw+G4wbCuIzvMADslsF4nW/zdCrAjButw3iLZLWTbrn1y7vx5/7vbg1Nnz8milE3SrnlD2wYw+P21wmL7rJdaWugS7OHOzjDBXG/9sy4rGw4A9zjkfx2I7Yxz7vxnxKejZDgB6HA4HDeYyQuTZU36Nv87h+PaYAckYAs3FnIOfn+tsP7ePz6a4X93c8B+2gvWbPS/Cw0i8d3pi2wTBEfpcQLQ4XA4bjDHT5y0fVkdjpsRthE9dDTf/+7mgP2P+SsOdiVi+0v2NneUHrcVnMPhuGMItRUcXO9WcHig9h48Ip8sTpYlqem2bSJ7OLNNy8zlqWb9O5p/SgpOnzZ3W8HJM/rvWZm9cp3sO3xU4mtF2faE7P89e2WazNK/zTtyJKJqFRvcDucXyNjZy+TchQuyfH2mNIivZfutAjvOsE/4J0uSZeHazeYuY7s/dtRJz8qRlC07JDUzS+Ylb5T8k6dtUJ2yZI2s2rhVIqtVlVpRkTJh3kpLi1g/LC+Uha0Wq4WH2e4PDLSN67JdYoHMXrVOZumf5U+vD6tc0dKrEh7uL7PIyg2ZslnvHVerpllxpi9LkXVbs23XGrYRY49W3HtzVq/X9NZLRnZuYVnZ03r6slRZoWkgStga0Nu68czZ87Jg7UY7l/Lh+tu0Y7dtPxgeVtniKtkbnJ1m2PO2dZN69n5N+g6pom3MtohnVexs2rHL9txekrbF6oMtML36hOy9ByxOs3WTBrYjDZa2WdpW7E8O1ON7Mxbb9pe0Nfllb3YsadyDvXvzjhy3eqFtMnft1TaLsT2xJy1cLWu3ZMmp02dtC0n2Gw6EHXeWpKXLDO03XHf2HG2eIYkN68p4baf127LN4nVE64+2CXzftF6cbN+TFzI/kLlrn/XRlRu22n1oL/rGwpTNdh31Sd1yz5kr0mSuts8O/Zz9welTxIFmaltN17yRJ1y/u/MOS4O4GKmv5Qtcw4+4PbaNox35ThD2wBaam7P2yNbd+2yLSdYVJDxilt6Lfb/ZEYnvAP2ffeEP6Gt2ZmKfeuqJNOZruQhJYPtM3L/sT2/bZ+r36JNFa6yO+W6xraXbTaR4XO04HA7HdbJRBcUf3pmsgqqKdG/T3LbR+/3bk02MNU6obUIrrlYN24e6kg5yqTpw71RhwL7aW3buMZHEXsuvTpxjgqRPUivbG/vtaQs17d1yvMC3h2vypm2253Pg1oHrMnfKPyfNtr2h+3RoaeLk5QmzzD3GXtGTFq1WIRcuvdq30EE91QRpy4YJJihenTRH0z5pIunVibNVQF2UDomNJO/wcfmD5v+oHvNAuP5Tzz995qzdp2GdGHO/Ze3Zb4Lrn3o92yIezT8p4+auMKE3ZuYSPZ4nPdom2vZjBPIjbhCY1M9hFZQ92jbXcyPkLx9MtQkyXMvAzT7Rx06cNBHjUalSBduve6meh/ClrjxRhDhBCK1UYRuuohQpgghin2n23P71m+MtnnGh1vXUJWutXXq1T5Stu3LlnWmLzArmQd7J5wZNFxBab3w8T3IPHLH3iHT2AD+mZR0zc6kK16qW30r6EPHW1AUmYhBkk1Xs5Z84ZQJ/0sJVMlnbon3zhvaXnL5d3pqyUAXp5Tg58jBx/irZuH2XdGjeyEQjdYa4p23IMyIZMd6gTuxn3iOUisoPguq1yXNUhEVJi0Z1TaS/rmWKiqhu+7ojsJrXrytHtM3/Nna6nNF89WzXwoT2KxNmm6Dfve+QfKTtU6tGdenaupmlS16LAhHLnt70qW0q+v45aa5UrFhe62WV1SVthjgkPrZCOZ8cQcizZ3u03oP70N95YEBw8j2gH01ZvFZW6IPQKRWx9H+2uPufNybYg0KbpvUldcvOK/quIzROADocDsd1MnN5mvRQMTG6bxfppoLm4SG9bBDDysZAziDYSAdoXjPQ1o6uIQ8P7im9VUh1btVUslXkYCHbvf+gtGyUYBYtzmFgT1PxgeXvggqeUX266DUtCvdxRQRhtatXO8YGcaxYXH/k2AlZtWmrWSbbN20og7u1k25tmklSYmMTnX07tpIh3dpLmAoEL36qmwpX8o9QfHpUfxt016pI8WCgx439kOabwX9o9w4yomeSpOkAPLxHBzl0HJGRJWlbs8yyhVUI60/LxvWkiuaX/WNbNqqnA3a2Wf5Onj5rFqIqOuAzyLdQQYpgYBCnzDkqXgd1bW9ixYO9tbn3ahXC51UsHdZ7njl3zixaWOl25x2UWBVvWA2hd/uWMqhLWxnes6PVDZbGTTty5N7+3exzyvzkyH72ee6Bw3YNYPG6t393s0QhUmavSpNOLZuooPTle9m6DHl0WG8TnpxbL66WiS1E8XEVfNty9lndY00b2bujtNY6+HhhsnRu2VTroZpE6uc9tZ637MyRfSpoPY6fPCX7jxyX+wd0tzbq17G1CbmqYb72pv9g0UNAIoSC39MWReXnwznLtMzt5K7enaztv/PISOt/jfVBg/zR57q01r6494D20QrSokFdaxtEaIQ+2GDFXb9tl7XZXb06WX8a1aezWUGLgvwP0b7Hfb56/xArHw8vLfQBZPz8lWZBzMrdb2Wt4N9nPkLz37FFY6kbE21WPvoz+5ET43j/wO72cNRBy8vMYw/2LK+hD1lYA5mZ8vjwPiaMHcXjBKDD4XBcJ1jbGqrA81xOlXQwa6CDLxaSUOD+8lyOCMJLKuT2HzlmFg6WXflw9jJz+TJwI55wbVbWNJskXDnYYnkrOHVaBcwes5xxHVanKuGV5dy5C+ZiS6gdbQM5hIdVsvt5W24hErg3NEm4vAG/J8oOqBjxQJjgCg50lWJNwvrCZ4+o6MXKhcBj4D+pYpEZz7hiKQt5w4JJ2vsP+2YWMzmGzz+as9xcqbEqeh8b1sdEMa7K7//pTVm/lSVG/DdUWjZOMHGaqmIHMTdQhdzBo8flwLHjtiQKgsFzGWMho5y4cbnv6TPnbPZ1zchqhe5KXJvk/4C2YSDMqj1wJF8F9jar5288NNzci7hMo1XQY0FlZiouUayQlGPSgtXWVlhCcadGVguX6MgIEz5YUHkg8Opi+tIUc12Stsf58xetnaurQATyyDm42UtCcfnB6oqYoy4gUgV5j3aJ1lfAc97SLjl5h60tSYO0sE5XKF9By3HSLM3UP1TVa3lfFIFuYR5acDljQUbIYdHbuH239Ufctd79i4IHKr5XgJXwvD4UeWhvlv/5xmNm2X5p/Ez571c+NHexo3icAHQ4HI7rpG3TBrJgzSY5mn/C3HgIh6WpW8wdFQoEh39cLAQLTlytKPn2oyPll19/VJ5/9gF5XMXQsO7tTbyUL1e+cDD1YPBEqGEx+fHT98qvvvGoXY8FZHS/LnZO8DVFsThlkw3+5y9ctLgsLCxYajzIX07eIdmz/7ANvghPBA2Dd3jlyjKkWwcVfWfs2sSGdUxsNKobK0+O6Gvl+dlXHpKnRw2wwb9n+0Szjn338bvs2HPP3GefP6Hn4vYd0auj/OPHX7HzV2zIsJguD6yAWLGIr8OV3r55IxmgIpA4xsxduRb354FVKxDqkc8QHuSftsKqxb/N6/ni+zwQGwgkhDWWQsRLG21n3Jd9klqaVSqxQV2zmvnq/jH5wZOjLc+EASCmqXuqP75WTXNFD+7eTn7+1Yft79l7BpmlmLg9DwQVQhFLJnkilIAQAGJGS0Jx+UFUY5FFsHMP4vB4WOA1eBq7YXysNNE8fe+xUdY2P/7CvZrPnvKV+4dYX9uek2dWRazPuON35u73X/lZcDOfUtFNf6HfmMhXQYtL/P7+3UystdZ+RYjE1QjTh5dCgro0FnIelsjnSz/5qor6qhbD6SgeJwAdDofjOkG8YKn529gZFj/FwJakomxglzb+M64OFo7hPZPkrSkLbEmOP73/iSxdly4VAuL9gmEcHNqjg1mRXhk/y+7/yoRZFsOHlQbxESgATZAEjJ4+a5DvPcKKGC3u/XctA67Hji0b2zEgf8N6JMm/pszX4zPkrx9Mt9nN/Tq1tnT4a924vgqNJlIrMsLSe2pkfxuIfeWZIh8vTra0cDOT71cnzLF7/WXMVFm9cZtU1rIuTk2Xl7UsTCLYpEKtaUK8ia1AiBvEsoU7ta4K0AGd29qkFFzcuNuLAkva3X07Wzwb9yVfU1VImstQBV4wuJuhfbOGVh6EYKUKFaWtihbK27llE3NpErtJWv8YN0N27TtgLslAKuj751SUpW7JsvP+PGaKvPnJPBNRge2Dm7y/1vukBausjl+eMNti5zyr3dUoLj8ITgT+Xz+crvefKm9+PE9FbXWzpoF3h+5tE62tX/P3hb98OM3qK0wfNrqoiESM8/lL42bJ+HkrrrBgBsMDEbGllIXvBa543NPQWYUqDw48vARUwTXBeoBTlqy1+0yYv0rF80VzjzuKp1z+8UMBxnWHw+G4fTn/6acy/kSBJJ+90qLyTESkJIWFB0ij0oMlBesX/xLHxAxYBk3IO3zM3JKIDKwnuORwnTH4417Dcua5AzmXuDysVVhKmFiCJWjPgSNXWIsCYUYnM2bzT522+LK6taNNNDHgMzh64oYJGghD0oS9mt9amo8f/vUdeXb0IAu8x23LJAIsVlgYcW9XrlTJrsGSw+4ODOzEmpFn4sOAcv9I0/nuY3cVWg4ROLiRmfGLO7p2dJRN+ADqIE/TwuKHEIiPiZLqVcI1z6ctDo284z7FiujFPAaCu5fZrbh8YdqyFOmp4oXZy8DsVW9yAzBBgkkFVcPD5WgBs2ZPmJu6ds1IK4fn1gyEeL8t2bkqbBMsD9QNCyZj8fXckbQfdcSkA+LO6sRiEa1k9cHn5MGDe+4/eszahPbHMhgsfqgX3O30A/oA+cOKhnDCrUyaCDfKRf0Gvoei8gPUNe7dC5cuSu0onyWOcpNXJix58Xz0N98C4KctXeLvKD9igUlD9BviQeto/hGnWHPpD4FQ/4hxykH61D0xfd4Ept+9Pcny9/UHh1nfCIYZ50B/oQ9V1Pr23M18P4gBxRXPa9Km3LQNeSd+tkF8rN7L2biKwwlAh8Nxx3AjBWBZwo/yteTlWq/79v++IV+7f6hNJiDe7moWmVD3YXkTXMK/+9aTIcVUaSAPxOr5LJahYXIGxzwLGmIIK11pKEl9cR9PoHA+IiyUYClJvZUG7hNoHSwtReWHMvC/681rafIXnBeWxvnO/70hL/74KxY7W1aQJ7ieeruTcPLY4XA4bjKudfgqi2GvJGNn8CksdYLbEvfq9Yo/IA+IrOKyYscDMlta8QclKOoVYo9XocQfFPHxNXO9Iqaoy/m4LPJamvwFnopQZ4JJjzaJZSr+gDw58VdynAB0OByOOxxm7RYXO3c1cAmyrErPdon+TxyO0DATGxftF0b193/i+HfhXMAOh+OO4VZxAX/eEDfFkjAlnWwQDDOHWU4mcIkYhyMUxD8ya5fZ2M5Y9+/FWQAdDofjDgfhdq3iD5gQ4cSfoyTQz5iU4sTfvx8nAB0Oh8PhcDjuMJwAdDgcDofD4bjDcALQ4XA4blHYrWPTjt3+d6FhGzK29ArcOgtYs3DC/JX+dzcvrL3HjhUsPuwt8/F5wb0Xrd1ka97dDNCGbK1X1BaDJYFdUNihg9m4nycs1Jyxc4//3dVZl7lT3pq6QLbu3uv/5LOwTuP85A22vqGj9DgB6HA4HLcoLHy7K++g/11oTp8+J0tS0z+zYwOLQq9Yn+l/d/MyfVmqiRbfgsrXFjiG4CGNQNiabO7q9f53oWHbNLZiY5LMzQBtuG7rThP11wrbzGWqqPq8xfTa9O2Sc/Cw/13x8HDyu7cnS3jlMKkWfuUC04HQLmzld0qFoKP0OAHocDgctygM4lcbx1lQ+dKnn7X2cFmoz6/GsROnZNbKNNuxoixg9vD0ZSkmSINhdvH+I8fkgUHd5b4B3a554kDy5u0q5Hb53/nIPXhEFq7d5H8XGuro8xZKV8Pycx1Z8vWZz79MLKhd0ttm7zsgcdE15PHhvSWhdrT/08/i69v838cabWfa1VEynAB0OByO25qynW6JW3TG8lS5oOKsLLh46VOZunStben1WXwDfPlrWOTZcevCPs/XMit99aZtZtl1lIwKzz//3Av+1w6Hw3Fbg70r/dw5yb14ZTxcUliYxFeseM1SCWvYig1bZU36dtv/l0392THi7PkLZpXA/YU1K65WlP8Kkb0Hj8qi1M2272tMVKQsW7dF6sRGS1bufjmn17F3LS5a9mKtEVHNdjhgT1XO27R9t+0Ti6sMcZTYoK6lyf645IHPiPHK3LXX9iVelLJZRvTqWLh/LRBHlpqxQ9o2ayAL1242dzL5IN2CU6dlpZbH2xuW8pFGRa2j5ev1/jtypGqVMHNJxtaMtHNg2+59ti/xlqw9snbLDqkeHm51AVh/yHvy5m1WvrjoKDt3aZrvs3C9L+WrV7uWnQ+kQT64/8Fj+dIkId72Tcalu2x9hsXmUafsAkIc2Lqt2baHLHVXJyaqcFcIhAH7Brdr1tDeQ+6BI1o/uTK4W3t7vyM3zyyCXEuatCN74W7ZuUc6NG9kLmTyl5qZZeWvE1PT9p/Fjcw9sVR5u4Rs1uMLUzbJrn3e/sO+vYyxTs1fs8GsndR1YHukZe6UM+fOS03/vs1nz5+3fZe9+qO9OAeBk9iwruzMPWD1w3H24gVcotTXyo2ZtpcydRm8MwYxddRbTI1Iq/tzeh8WAafPILbpM/PWbLT+wOeh9mGGUPVFnrkesLpmZOcW9qkFei5tQtwe+fX2Lt6176DsO3zM7kVe2UN4ufZ7/q1RrapU0fuzzzDtvyB5o7UHewJXrRJu7UGbs1/y5qwcbZudWgfntK3DbU9otytI8TgB6HA47hhulAB87eN5FmeHGBo/b5U0qx9vA98rE2bL9OUpcvh4gUycv0rOXrggSYmNTKj97JUP5eSpszqg5Uja1p0yQY+PVJGGoJixIlVmrUiT0zqgL9TBuL0KFwb6v34wTQfHDBVBZ2Xc3OVy6uxZqRcXYwLwrSkL5L2Zi034TVuaYkJyU9Zu6dq6uYq3TSEF4LSlayVdB05iytZv3yWL1mySzq2amkD5wzuT5eEhPe3cUzrQ/vTFMZb3ZWkZsvfQEasrBlrK6jFxwSrN1woVGSoEVRxNX54qnVo2sUH8N/+aYCISkfTJ4mQd9I9KC833rJXrTMwwVuOaTEps7E9NrE4RXoiUo8dPSMcWjeXFcTNN5FaqVEHmqSDgPi0aJZgQIc+IUKyU3do2K9weDgFIeXF5Izj4Q5wczT9hAnDashT5v/c+UYFbwSbVMLGgZ7sWtmCxJwDfm7HYL3gO2j3mrt4ga1VAH1bxR5txrxYqzGYsT9P+MNf2P9upbbAkLV06aL2xc/F/ah0i8BCvyZu2ysAubS1/gJibu2q99OvU2t5TV6kZWVZ/wP0RlLjMl6qQTtFjiN616TtM2CLUXho/S++3We9d3vKRrSKua5tmV1hQEYDrt+6SyYuS5bT2owXa5vXjYyReRVyK5uHvY2dgeLX+Q72wP3RUdZ8o9SiyvlTYj5m5xPo67bFXBe+OPfulbdP6Kv4z7D5M7qA/NakbZw8QY2YtsTUkG+t7BBv9kfY6oA9GpF8vrpYJxP96aYwJcvrNpAWrpaXWNf0PAUj+0jJ2av0ckDNnz+t3L0IfFuKK3LbP4cMJQIfDccdwIwQgOxt8MGuZ9GiXaAKuXbMGKtZ0QMrMUrG0RX7zrSfk3v7dpE/HVjJ7xToTiW9PXSiPDustX39wmAzq2l4H2zwVOrvk/gE9ZEv2Htss//++97SM6NlRcvYfMssQlh/S/PU3H5dhPTrIABUPCK5Wjeup4DklY+cuk//7/jNyd5/OMqBzG5myZI1U1jJ1b4sADG0BZIbrtx4ZKY8O7W15Z6DFMhlbs4bMU1FDHoGBffy8FfKV+4ZIGx3MN6uw/MVXH5GWKrwCYZBHqP746ftkaPf2FstVvkI5G9ARI3/83jMmevp1aiPvq1BIiI1WkdnLRNK3H7nrCkEEpJ+tYu2hwT3l/oHdTRBh9fzR0/fKAE2jV/sWFj/YUIUFwndJ6hZ5Tu89um+XK/Yk5v5bd+1VIX7C6pY/RCBWqIZ1a8uYGUvk+WcflAf0HoO6trNjWGcRnJ4AXL4h09ySv/z6Y1a296YvloFaz99+9C4TdR+roKKuEcDP3D1ARvfpYn2Ce2WpwK0aXllWaT6+ev8Q6evfei/QQse+uJ8sXqNiqYGd+w8VYli9erVvaYLpZRV3z44eKOk7c82q+HOtf8qPpa1hndrWb5I1/f/5xuNWhpG9OqlAXm8iKdCqigBctXGr/Eb70X1aXuqNMvKQ8UcVdY8P72P10FeFKMI7XY+10TxVrODrO9v35BVZX11bN7UHF0Ts9x4fZWJ+hdZbYsMEE5eIsmb168hMfTCgrhB05GVYjySJrOazYjaIj7Xy7zlwWH71jcesjf6k+RqiQt3qLqmVWSr/NWW+DOrSzibp0G/o33xHhup3o7+2ixN/V8cFVjgcDsd1gCh4ckRfswy9NmmuuTkJS1+9cZv0aJ9oAz0wCD//7AM2eOHu7K8CBiqqUBnVu4tU8g+wwKAaqUKKtGtGVjdX6erN26SnDvh8DrjB2MMXEI+92rWQujE17T0i7K7enex1cTGAuMkQHB4MnLikz6hIDoT3JZk4wGCd1KKRuZ0hPjrKLDLkb1TfzjawAxaaoTqgM4OzNOzI3W/WLs/lGR0ZYVYlZkIjxKMjq0ljFXShxv6BXdvKC197pPDvCW0z2KUCDZdqkwSfuxuRPLxnkqzP3PmZMndrm2juTNqvZo1q0kKFDeDOPn7ilLUTVjlEzZhZS00M8lne4aMmfvqpeHlXheP7Mxfb54GpszsG7blJ62qlXl9TRV631s1kswqcmSqqsL42rRdvZUMMYR1jOzXqouD0aRO5CE6vf4SHVTLxuE8FfTAdWzaWOrG+vhKt98GVSrsjrrHokfcxM5fK/sPHzWV7Ro97FF9fomK4uvTQesIiGla5oh2/GDBhiHJEqWDGioh1F+Eb4/+OhAIrInVFjCh5Im9Y1Nm6cK/Wq+PacQLQ4XA4rgMEHVa4r90/VB4d2suEAJMkakRUtcHX0xD8S5wSnDh1WvJPnLbXsGf/IUvHI0qvLecXbt6/tVTsMBgG4s14xAWGyy0gCYvh8hHwYRDEjAWuoXboaIGJOETOhUsXzfIHuDwD81cUiNnwyj6RB551C7G6PSfPXgNJbcvZZ5as0hBZraoc0sHfW9KGmLMjx09Y+bkXeeevNBBfhvAJXCZnp4ocBJhX9x6elQquOGYvPzWxg7hF3I/q08n+7unXVR4Z0ssEGxa3L44eKEnNG8mbn8w3q2ggCLOd+w7K5AWr5YGBPcwdv35btixLSzdLKfdBWCGk7Zb6P6tjrdDYqEizFgeK1pwDh6WKX3QHEqHlKOxf/jZClGEtxKro5X1Er05mTaWOPIqtL02KvHnWQvClfhnah9ACBCCu8w7NGxbbZtVV4OLC7qni1svXkK7t5ZsPDrc4TMe14wSgw+FwXAenzxAf954FoDdOiDPLChaT+wZ0lw3bd9mSKcRTEbtGfBSWIKwev317ollTcLG9PW2hTRLx8AblQFgGhXgv4vmwgHwwa6lNnoDB3XxuuHenLzS3Ia7Eeckb7Nhnh+DLYPUhXgt3MPl4b8Yii9cif1VUyC1OTTfxx4LRgfkrjhBZN1chrkEWdEaovvHxPJtIcVefzv4zSkbHxEayeuNWm0hhMYxL1sqpM2e03kNb/UoC8XlA/CCiefm6DHlf6+GZUQOKq7qQEPeJYJm/ZqPpbiaavKNtiyRbvWmrvPDaRyZWk1o0tj4SXKe1a9aQw9p+Fy5dkhYN6tjkBlzguOQ9N66vnJ/NGHW8OWuPucR5MJgwb6W5hANjKj3MPRqUBKK/Z/tEm6yBNZX6fXXibDlacOIKQVdsfUGItIPhO4AlEAHvWVGLol7taHPFvz55roU64Mb/+0fTLRaQiSeOa8fFADocjjuGGxEDiPWCGZUTVSQxSYBB6rFhvaVubLRNzmDCw7zVG+y8bz860mIAO7ZoYlaU8XoNQe/EXeUdOSaDu7a1gRchwaxShCATLhicib1rmhAv4+atkNkr15klZmj3DubuxSVHEP7sVettAgjqA4sRsz2JX9uRkye9O7S8YiDHCnm84KTE1aphbkliyYjFIq6KvDZvWEc+mrPMJidgxUJ0Dune3mLGEJu4GwPTg937D0mcipV4v2UG12f1qmGWh66tm5kInLNqnQX9E6tHXWCxQgx2btmk0H3p8akKEWLoEAw1I6uZ5ap2dA1LBwsSO2M8O3pQ4Yxc4hexYAWDUMEKSfyZBxNFEBOc361Nc7PGTV602tzMT47sZ+5TLKQHjh43kbJby9y4TlzhunSbtN3aJza0tmLBaIQtsZmtGiXYJJiJC1dZue7t39XETqM6tc3qyT0WpmyWod06WOxaoHCl3pmAw8xs8oo1FZFO29aPq2XCDEHYvEG8tTuWP94n6DEEIu58rM8zV6TaRKHvPHqXXRcI6dGv6JuEGGBBpZ+0bdbQ+hizb5mQRMwe8XQDOpPHy5mkzYuqL2Zr7z1w2CbDYE1kORfqpbmK2Vxtm0Z1Yy2fZ89dsJjVu/t0sQk8weDu9dqGe3dq2djKzv2YAESe6JOkH3i/nfsOWPvQRxxXp1z+8UOX7cUOh8NxG3NeB8zxJwok+ewZ/yc+nomIVBEYfk0C0ANrDgMpy40ECiMGqfM6MBLjFQzXMMDhOi0pDLKIJmKggsFNy/p8uCIDB+2rwSQTrvFmzXog9rhXsNC7VkiLgTxwgsa1gnu6ONfhtcAMW8xX17IGXTCh6o72QSxWqlDRYvRCgQDEbev1F8RQdRU3JS0r96TP4XK+Vuhj9J/g/hDMtdYXFmpE6l9+8Kw93JQUK5v2n9J8XxxF42rR4XA4ygAEFFaZYLGE2Akl/oBrSjuYkX4o8Qe49hAKpRF/QP5CDfZ8VlbiD0xUlNHgXdbiD4g1KwvxB6HqjvZh0kZR4g+wdAb2FyyXpSmrPVBch/gD8n018QfXUl/EyBL799DgXqUSf2Blc+KvzHA16XA4HA6H43OBWFnEZa/2if5PHP8unAB0OBwOh8PxudChWUP5ry8/WGrrn6PscQLQ4XA4HA7H5wLrDjLbubRhCo6yxwlAh8PhcDgcjjsMJwAdDofD4XA47jCcAHQ4HA6Hw+G4w3AC0OFwOK4TFrtlgdqygIV612/N9q+xVjTcjw3zy5LFqZtt8eMbDXvABm4NF4rte/IKt84LZmfuAVmXudP/7taA9f1WbMj0v7sSFmNmEXHHZWavWicFp65cr9NRtjgB6HA4HNdJRvYe252iLGCHBcRA4F6roeB+W3fv9b8rG8bPWymnAjb+v1EsW7dF0rYWL+DW6fEV6zP8765kw7ZsWcB2a7cQ+48ckymL1/jfXcneQ0flw9nL/O8c8M7URSqaT/jfOW4ETgA6HA7HdYJYY1/TsoAdJIpKi3152ZINzp6/cFWRGIqcvEO2lRu7KgRz5uz5kJ+XNeziwTZuwbCDRf7J02b9ZEcTzgsFO6tQ/lsJdrA4cy60uKa87A18p8FOOAWnTtteybBua7acOO2z+rGrzufRF+9knAB0OByOWwT2AL6a6/RqsOfv8vUZJjRvNhC3Y+csk6MFJ/2f3DnciVJn78EjMmH+Sjl1+qy9Hzt7mRw4ctxeO248TgA6HA5HGUHMErF5xPAFxtJhycBdu3JDpg56R2X/4WNmhfOO4fZFlGXu2mv7sAZzTAXRhm275OCxfMnK3S979h+26y7quVv1mrVbdlwhmrj3ph27ZdXGrSaquNehYwW20X+uDrr7Dh2V9Zre6RBWp2P5J2Vt+g67H1Y4Dyxza1Q8rt60zbbzAixXxD9y79SMnZJ74Ih97kEeuRf5wLoTbLVDAHCvA0eP67kikdWryuCu7Wy7tECC64/9hAELUs7+QxY3mezPF/sab96RI4tTNktmdq5ZFeHkmbNmQfXOpd6CIT/sveuBBZJye2Cdou4Rz159JG/+bH149UqZiNP0pXGlxONz6oX2tL13/Z8Hw7VpmTtltd7nkLb/7ryDcurMOSsPZdipfYdysc8w567SspEn4gqB+kJUUYdAH8W65kHed+zZb9d70GfIl0eBppuhdenVN/dO37lH22Or1aeXtgdlo548KF+e9nmPE5qHDdt3Sa0aEdK/cxur8/Xbss0ayHcg0Mq9Uc+j79CuwZzWeqA/027U5Vbqwd83gH7P92pTVk5hP3BcpsLzzz/3gv+1w+Fw3NYwBKSf00Hj4pVCJCksTOIrVixyEL4a23L2yabtOTpQZ6mYO2iD8IqNmdK1dTPb+/a9GYtl4vzVJpRWbMgwgZitg1O3Ns1k/pqN8s60RXI4v8AGOuIJK5SvIL2TWhbum4uomLNqvWzfs08H4zMSWa2KDtAHVFwdM3HAYD19War07djKBsqXJ8yWxanpckgHUgZGYu7YeWGXiofUjCwdYE/Icc1Lq0b1pFqVcLsHvD9ziQ2oO/fuN6FHbFrHFo1NaPzvux/bgIqInJ+8UZrWi7NrP5qzXBas2WRCjj1oWzZK8Kcmsjlrj7w0fqaJFPKAKO3QvJGVc58Kk0Uq0ryydWrZ2ATXrBXrLG3KxADfqWWTz9QfopL9kDskNpKxev8Zy1Jko4q+mKgISwvxl69iwia1aJpNEuJUuByWv4yZIhm7cq3u5yZvkPDKle2YB/li4klig7q2x+2mLCar7Cs8hz1s846okFGN8cf3PpYcFTrbdudZPGKzenWkapUwq4+6MTUlKqKaiqpLMmnBagkLqyTly5W3uh/Rq6Ol84q2EUJntYpIBBMC6cFBPew+HogzzqON9x8+LvM0z7RLq8YJduzPY6aaYOLaBnG15E/vT5Xd+w6YoJuyZI00rBPrE0EqnKkrtmBL0QeUDL2GMlHG+ZpmptZJ26YNbG9foM9wr94dWtp7xPdbUxZIj3aJFqs4b/UGm8iTc+CQxas2iI8xMect7pyWmS0fzFoqQ7q3t/f091kr10n3ts3tPZbsJalbJLFhHesDuL8R5XyPeHipr2WhTrEM0iZM+KHu+ia1umIBaert1YlzTORRB0yyqVG9itSrXUumaZ94Z9pCE8XcC4HZrU3zMtuL+nbA1YTD4XCUATty86SXDpg/evpeeeHrj5ol4qO5K8wylrIlS376xfvlh0+OlmdGDTARdfzESbN8IFaeuXuA/OCJ0fLdx+6SSpUqmoUlkGb168j/e3iEtG/WSEb37SIDurSzwRyL0H88cbeljSpZsT7T0sNi84uvPmJpDuzS1kTAqbNn5b7+3VQktpaeOpCTXmzNSN8N/CAeO7dqKj966h55/osPmNhikH198jxpxxZeX3rQPm/dpL4JQqwqzG6togLnl1rmUX06+1Py8c70hTK8Z5L8t173p+9/UQXdWRusP9X/EDXfffQu+ckX75NaUdVl7qoNcknTw8oWaMUJVX9YfLC28bdThWLP9i3kN//vcc1HmInD72udfPuRkfKdR0fJsvVb7HxiDvNURA3SuvvRF+6VR4f2VpGw1qx0HggmxGq+tg2QJ8TMSX9cGpa1WpER8ubH801MPK954q9t0/oqvj6x/GDFCozNxNp1PsDyiRCdMH+VfOW+IfLc0/dZG2GhC+WSR/RUrFBB83uPfP/xUfLIkF42O5r0scYd1v7zwMDu8rX7h6rQnmX5f+6Z++3vvgHd5I2P50nd2GhJ03Sw/JE/hBuilDhKhBeCF/FHf/KgH+Sf9Fk14fz5iyq+T9j1WKvjakVpe9wnP9R+Qj0gwsmPR5dWTUzAY5kEHnLmrF5ndYE1ENHXu0MLK8dJ/Qxh+S1tr4bxsfL48L7SRvsXQu+cttlPtCy0PZZ17h0IFmoE+pMj+lrfeHhwT0nRstK33pm6UL9Po7Te7tbvwsNmdf94cbL/Sgc4AehwOBxlQIIOtMN7JEmYCriIquE6KA+xARzXWT8VXRyvrMeaN6gj3dom2oCLdSK2Zg37LKxyJYmOrK7irIVUqxLmT9UHlhqu5RqsbBWxYpQT6aXCJyYqUu9ZSVo0TJC9h45YjOC9OvhHVa9q1/RRUYqFppz+x7WkgRWEY8HbcdWMqCZJiY0kPKyyirIIiaxWVbbs3CNHT5wwCw8DOX81NG1cyrkqDslH/05tLc+VNH2PQ0cLzJ3cJ6mVpVclvLL855ceku5adixofZI0XypYyHuThHibJRsKBvii6g+qV61iorVqeJjmNUfCtR4RAFiwcB9W1PMQdYhKLIRYFGmj9ipoT54+q2Lnshuc49TJPhULx1UAZe3Nk0/1OlzvWMHyT5zW+1Q2AfvAoB6Wd9oN0ZJ78GhIFziiKRDK06JRgiS1aGTl4Z6jencyoRcMbtae7ROtX3BuYsO60rpxff9RX3thccWli8v+yZF9rfyUb5j2xepVqlg9cc4MFbtYUC9qnqpXCzdRjYUYa7P1j6C+EAhi0YO2H9Wnk1l/udfALm2sHwQ+tHDsfhWmLOXCAwRCdUi39mb53LQjRypXrmj9HNDfgf2RPuRZIvk+0a9qavnjVXQe0HYIhv7apF6ctUNsdKSJSh6EsF620PoiXayxz4weaFZGx2WcAHQ4HI4yAGtFYJwS4s4TXDaj0YY6sVgrLC+IAwY8LFNefBJn4AYNFg1FgUjz8AQR4hBLi2fYIk8lnS3M4BsoPkkTYYKVDBHKwM5fdRVbX7irv0RUq2ICyxNOgZT3u9rOnbts/SpQUUXcIqKxdnQN/6e+tIPjyDyKqz8woVuxor2urIIMcHf78hqmIrmlNE6obfnzfe4rH6Ij+I6IyPbNGshyFRC4cgd2aWeiC3GFm36kCjXKTH1Sxx5Yxyg+YgM8axh1HxhTCNz3DOUJaJITKkS98gVC2ekP3hH6ybmAGeJVtTzkmTTpa8SKenBvZpNzDDG2YO0mK0esPjA8q2JowvwV9p66qRlR3X+VD+4b2JeJO/SsslgqA2NHOa+ctp91kgBG9+1scYDTlqZIb22Dx4f1MQvq0rR0s8JWruQTvEXLzhD9O0QfQdx57c9DjtcOx06cvKJPEROJSPxsCncuTgA6HA5HGcCaZW9NXWCWMQbWlyfMsgkNXVo3lTU68M1dvcHituatXi8pW3aYkMGyw2BKfBSDd8bOXJmXvL7EizF7lhKPiuUrSLvmjeSTxcmSuiVLB8FTMmnhahvAffLyajCAXjkk14+LMZccEx6IbYtT4bZi41azhDH4FjWC14yoaq5r7k8sIdZQYtaIMWSgRpiUhKQWjYusP4P8+vNAHCGuSwRBm6b1bbLEvsNHzW1LuRCaV6NL62Y2eYTYtqHdO5h1EZclrtt+HVtZfWAx++sHU83Fyd9L42aZpRN3a43q1Sx/5JVYui3apoHgbsWi+P7MxRYDSL3MXJEacpICMaRYzegXuPXpJ1dMXvEXB1FKaMDL42eZhZEQg79+MM2stvXiall+2+l9x89faRZU8lBNhePMFWn2eXBbcD6xrPzhMl60dnOhi5o6fXfaYnNFH9a+PmHeSmnbpIFZYgPhfVsV01hjaQsEf7z2H6yxrRvXK+y7xfVKE31XwfprYJ/VBAd1bWvic8yspRYnuzgl3eIBR/frUlR3vSMp2TfQ4XA4HMXSRgdBhM1X/udl+cU/x1pc0919OkuiDrhPjOhrExme+vnfLLidYHgsZwzcBP4zWeELP/+7/P7tSWZx4vNrQkc3AuW59+80rWd+8XeLiWveoO5nhF1JwSr49QeHmZD4z5fGyE9ffN8sfrhli4P7ffHuATbB4Bu/fVVeeH2ciak2KjhKQ3H1F0yjurXN9fkvFeLPvvCiis9VZgGsXvXyRJergVsVwdK1dXOzLibEquitWUPu6tXRXNlefdStXUue+/t7Vh919JxvPDjcjiH6iTt86md/kxnLUs0NGQii/9uP3GUi8RnN4z8nzZH+ndqYBS8YYguZkPJfr3wgT/z3X2VL9h7LWzC07NOj+ls7/+Qf78uP/vqu1f+3Hh5pYpjXDw/pZRYx6hNhNbpfV7OI4j4NBhf1SC3vt//4hvzp/Skmij0XdZ1aNa2P/tdLH8izv3rRLJyPDe9tZQ+mR9tEe3iIUSEK9Bnc0YGWvTIXZJogsa2//PpjkpK+Q77+21fkX1Pmy5fuHSTdtE0dlymXf/yQs4g6HI47gvM6AI4/USDJZ6/cYuqZiEhJCgsvk8EIdyUzVIMHRAxWWKeYwRssxjhGfBbxVRVKYKUqCVhscFOSZlmBaxr3p+fqLClYN3FVlva6QIqrv1AwcYN7luTcYJhRSjnr1Y6298RxYhUjvUCw2jHTl/YOBOskk0FqVCu+7jkHERYq/g+YHGLHtS95Lth/fDTdxFzTevH2PhhmPSOOQ1lYsUy3b97QXlOfm3bsssk9RYF7l/7olQ+L5VtTF8rjw/uYNZgwB+JEi6piYiyxQtdVgcwpTPDJt/e+er3RUEZCLKi/8tfQD253nAXQ4XA4yhBEQihrCOMPYiyUIOGj6MhqZSb+ACtPWYo/wG13LSLO4rSuQ/xBcfUXCmIAr0X8ARMOPPEHWK2CxR8gsoLFHyA2rib+gPUOixJ/wLIm705fbMvhEL+WkrHD2sBc70XABJCi3Oue+AOqpjjxB0zyCFU+oG597eH/IATEW2JB9U6prm3yeYk/IG/0Oyf+QuMEoMPhcDgcNyEskowl9z9fHiPf+eMb8vGiZBnes+NnJm04HNeCcwE7HI47hs/DBexwlCXMKD549Lit49cgLkZ8i0r/e3oqeWHJlzoxNc0i6bi1cRZAh8PhcDhuUggnwG3KZBLWUvx3ujPJCxNtnPi7PXAC0OFwOBwOh+MOwwlAh8PhcDgcjjsMJwAdDofD4XA47jCcAHQ4HI6bEHaAmDB/pf9d2cLaaBPnr7KdOTZn5fg/DQ1rv/3+7ckl3p3Ece3s2LNfpixZIxcC9t4NBWtNskYgi3yz44i3Kwo7jyxO2WyvHY6r4QSgw+Fw3CQcOHrcFs8FhNf+w8fsdVnAosUIB9i6e59MW7ZWRvXpLA3rxNpnRXHu/EXZuXf/5a3X7mBYyPhqtcAC1CwkXdTexsVB+xw8kl/stQj2t6cukqlL18rslettj2K2qmO5mGMFpz6z97DDURROADocDsdNwszlabItJ2Cv1zKEvW3fnrrQXrMzBzs4MLOUxXmLxwk/QJT97zsfX1WUZ+7aK58sSr6qFe9a4OFg7qr10r55A7l/QHe5f2A36dk+0bYSZIcNh6M0OAHocDgcNwls+H/23AX/u7KlV4eWtu8wIGZKvpqIWx0R2Pniq/cPtX1mi4Pt046dOGnbkJU1Z86dkxNnzpjVNrpGdduJg/2V//PZB4vdHcThCEWF559/7gX/a4fD4bituaR/6TqI5l68UmQlhYVJfMWK1yx1Nm3fLYtT02XvwSMyc0WaHDl+wrYim7JkrSxN2yLVwsNMOOCmW79tl0xflipL0tJl/9Hjtrk+LsPpy1Jk3dZsOXSsQCpVqiCHNY2Dx/Jtv9X5azbK/iPHpF7tGClfvpxk7z0onyxJloVrN5tFisGf+x3S85dquqkZO2Xlxq3SqWUTfw5FtufkyTb9O3HqtMxdvUF27j0g5y5ckOpVq0hNv3hg/1u2G5u5PFXSd+6Rs+fP2xZoS7RsrRrXM5fj2i07zHrINV55pmneOWf/ES1PTE3bQsxj2+59smbzDls/jryzPzHljI+JsjXt8g4dkxkrUqV5/Tqye/8hs56t3rxdxbDPlcr+v6Q3a+U6qzPi3qJrRHxmazbqfF7yBoudpGzUCflkb1z2vJ22lDrfYgsqx9aMsLXstmTvkc07cmSj/mFZo77Z+mzh2o3SOCHOtmnD6sYOHOxnu2z9FmsD9trdvidP87rGtmtjgeRaURHWD6jb7H0H5GjBCbOusiXfvOSNVsYN23dJBU2zluafz2k7Piduj3KhGSlHh8RGdvyzlJMNW3fJ1t17JUbvxwVsdVaZvqt1SRsTRrD34FGZo/Vw8Gi+5Zf1+wgp4LPZWk72NmYbOuoocLs88k4bef1hd94h26+YeoTVm7aZ9Zi9dX11vcH6PK7rucnrpU2TBp/pP3HRNWz7OgjVvzh+Rh96UjOyZNqSFEnWtifcgDoi39yP+pu5Mk02al+rqGWN0WOkSb/bf/i4WbeT07fbsdqaXmCZHEXjLIAOh8NxnSBcxs1dLrv2HZSOLRqrWEmT/3tvikTrQNowPlZenTTbBtJ1mdk2+DVOqC19OrSSY/knZeycZZZGYoO6NiCzB21cdJRZ6BioGVw7NG9o4mWmioV1mTvln5pedGR1TaOlCcSXJ8wy8cdg+eHsZXJJhVkTFTCB7M47KGt1kEQ4JMRGm4BKVNEVWa2K/wyxNKYvTZHWTepL26b1JU2FJALsgqb30ZzlJu4QDq/o/ZgUQnmmLV1rZezbUcujomfMzCWWJw/SJ9/cHxCQb09baNZOLJGIqqNaD7kHjshL42dKzchqtmdt3uGj8q8p803MTVqwWlZt2ip9k1rLyTPnVOjs0zJeNrEhPH/79iTZqyKqbdMGcubsOfmfNyao4N0nC1U8T1UhTp33ap8oW3flWtzcORWGCOkxs5bo6/PSpU0z2ZylgjArR1K2ZEmyih1AmOxQsVe1SpiJfGL8EFIvjZslsdGRktiwrsxYniKvTZprIpC6RTAl1q9rQundGYs1X0eke9tEa+NPFidbWRCWr0ycI+dU/HRq1VTKqfCavHC13bMoqoZXlidG9JE6eg/Opd3/qfddo+1KffAfr3E/d23tK89KFagIaSbyHNaHix5tm1sf+MsHU1WYb/en7IM+t3x9hk0SgnenL7I2RpCR5sQFq6xtKTvisFPLxibSPtA+R/hCyP5z4nJfCHWcBx76zJxV66RNs/rSrlkDq993tY2IuXxvxhJ7+Omp9de8QR2ZovWH2CNP81WELlCxXi+ulu3X/PbUBbJPxa+jZDgB6HA4HGUAA/jjI/pKbxVliJCYmhEyvFdHGdajg5w/f9Fmba7evE36JLWSgV3aSpfWTeXe/l3N4oO/sKsKkHgVfi0aJkhjrGU6GteOipR7+nWVnu1byCC9ZuP2XWYhwapTn23BKleyge/IsRMmKoDBcFiPJBnUta29Dyahdi1pVj9ehVy45qGZWVo8KlQoLyfPnjWRWb58BXlseB+poWIGQXmP5pU0Kc9xHdSPnThl4g0xUluFEFaopgnxNpMVa5MHFpn2zRrKjGUpJiwyVdSSb649qeI2SwVeX60TBvKm9eJlVJ8u0rNdojw0uKcJVIhQEZmjggOLHfWLhQxLlccKFS3c/5lR/WVA5zby+PC+8qV7Bmm9Y/3L0XruZvXXrU1zeXJkPxPWbGmm1S5tmzSQkdpOCCME9dH8E9Y+kxetNssedd6vU2tLH3DxzlqRpvfoI3f36SxDu7eX7z42SpI0TwhkBCECi/bEiodlD+smghuBH18ryqylKSosEdEPD+lp92ZCDu18NeL0+vu1PF+5b4g8pWXhnm9+Mt+so1Ye7Xsjeiap4PSVB/G5dJ3WtQpOxFWVsMraf2pZ/CfiPZDWjeuZVZIHCayIWBS5HrG+VkUx/eOC1glC8Qt39VdB3UJGaN1117LSX0P1n8jqPushhDpOvrAG4l6nH/Ag8TV9PVfF3dZde63P0H7dtDz9O7XRe7Y0qyv5QHz269haBndtZ/9SN4hFR8lwAtDhcDjKAMQPrl5A4DDgMygySCEOz19kluZJqRlZvXA7LwZjBkXclKGIj61pLj4gbcQHlsQMFULj5q4wax+WILYIw5IEdWOi7f21gGvtqyosuM9v/jVBfvXGeDmqeS5frrxZryBM84NHj4EZy1KaCpmP5vjygiUMYYZg9MAdh8Dyuch9bs4HB/aQ6UtTrT4qV6hg7mDSStC8V9T6AOotQUUuIJS/9sBQWaMC+sd/e0eWrcu44h6I6/oqfMO1PoE666aiBHGEVQyroucWRITRPgeO5ZuQYZs1z53M9bi1EZnMpsX6RzmxpnrXI1gQrgg97zPcmIgTTyR6cO2e/Ye1XlJlrNYPVtSs3P3W5gdUqCC+yQvQJxD+JYHrKQdudeqGe89bvcHKw0OEVw9eeagfLLmTFyZbO5GPPSqA6YuBk1WwYJIP3PLTtS0Hq7jFUko7TVmSLAP0PqfPnrN+Qt8FRG79uFhr99D95/Ks5FDHsQxj2fTczkB9UkYsu9SP15+pbx6smPCC9Ti8cuUrXL6ECgT2C0fxOAHocDjuKC7pgHb28HE5lbNf8jOzJT89S9I3b7e4NAZrb6mU0lKhgm8QKo6GdWLMioVrC+vSrrxDFoeHNS4UYYGCQpNHYGC9wc3846fvlV9941H59qMjzRo1ul8XO42B2BsQSwsDMzFw33n0Lnnnhe/YgIoFrGLF8pauj8tpY23q37mN/NeXH5Rffl3z8shd8uV7B0uD+CuXlqlbO1p6tEuUsSo8cF33aNdcakRUlUkLVpmIQcxgJUzNxOV82kQJVsSUdJ+LEtc6VrTffOtJszzhUqb+PFo0TpA0vZZ4MKxqxL6NmbVU8hAQlSjDbhPOiBliFvm3eb06WpJyhYIzEMTnw4N7ydi5y1WkRV5hJUVMIixnr1xn8YwIopQtO2TcvBW21E4gxGUSO4k1kvqhnp4a2V+eHT1I2ml5ET8IX2LjsLItW7fFf6WY8A6e2UudvP7xPMnee8AEEGDlZC1ARBPlQTgFg2UP1/13H7/L8vHcM/fJ/QO7y9OjBlicowd11T6xkSxM3WxxiVg4sTQjBnP2HbK2xsW9Q0UssX+0AfWK9Zmyh+o/xEV6hDqOC/iUimqsgtQlf1gz6futGiXI8YJTslvbnzZDfG/Q9mMSDOWkn4dqP0fJcJNAHA7HHUPm7r0ybfZy2b4gWQ6vXC/HN2yX45t2yLrULTYJgPgnYs6wOMTXqlliIbVtzz6LYcN1CBu37bbBDjccMIGhe5vmNujjruQ+xMIRA8Wg2rJhggqs8ubeTVCxhMjbtGO3nD5zztyWQMwVAy9uZiYuLNFBem1GloqGdBUlERYfRSwdFiYEYuDADsSx4Y7ExUZauN1w3wWCkHhrygKbuLFN6+pw/glJSmxsIpBzEUaIFWIccYuSb2LM+COejIknCASscYEuWsC6xcLWuJJxg2J5m7hgtYlXrD+NdFDPzN5rEzAQaWvTd5jIwaWNRQrL1aGjBRbXh6s4qQVuYN/gnxBbS06pcJi6ZI0JeSYFIGYGdm5rkzewPq7YkGEWPWL8EMsIStzViE1EGuzT++BCJAYRYTo/eaO5vGkTmLkizdyUtCNuXFyRTIxgckeXVk1NmOToQwTCrme7FiYASX+O9i3E7VLtZ8Q2cj3CCvFE7BwiCRFF3WLpxcX9j49mynbNH+l60KZY7ihfxq691kcQS/S1h4b0NOEbqjwje3WymDni7xBaiDtCD7q2aWr1FAhil0kv9LveHVqYOKfuHxzc04Qks49PnzkvkxaukvSsPSZ+Ed0H9N5DurX/TP/BDY1lEUL1r2HdO2h+66vITLUYVeqT7+AXRw+UZtpGFy5dtO9PamaWLXSN0ES8EmfJ+oe4tWOifDOzqcMG8THWtxxXp1z+8UOXI2kdDofjNoW10l6bPE8HyeMWMF8UiD6sVMN7JpnlpiQwsOEWrBtT094zuDJw1a5Zw97n7D8ksfoa9ymxc4c0D6fPnrfBlAkfCCtgBme18HAVDmHmgryogznXAdYm3HgMblgQD+mAm68CIrJqFbOwYR1kIMaC5rnyAuHaUyooEV+khWsOERII9ZKnggGBaOJL78XsZWYrcy5pIiQoD7OXyTdlxzLFfWN1ICYOyytPMAgoYvFw6+GqwzU6snenwhmv5GuXiidEDEKkaliYWXo4n3viymTgRywSFxgIFqLcg0csho/lUbDS4drFUEZZaRPaqLaWh3YhXSxslAeRA1h/sUDR/vQDhGiLBnUlPMwnksgD9YcVi/tgvUN8URe4IhG9tA3lMIucpoGVjD5HPV301yn54xjXkiZ1xz354/xa2i+ycg9YPSJoAmGCC/3kwJF8Fb1nzUJJv6MMBdrGRZUHVzBCmiVqcJ3idi9qDUgEK8vLkA/6AbPWB3ZpY4IWqGuE7MFjBRKlZYnWBxDSZTJQcP+hv3pWyVD9i+PU2yHtQ8SyXvr0kvU52t+rP8pL+/H9oX8xsYhjhBTwHcKSCPSP6lXDC136juJxAtDhcNz2YFkj5ggXUklh0Hrm7oHyxPA+/k/KFn54S2ZfLJqySCMUDM7AIFtSuORqpyNCApc3CX7vUVS5EDe4OYu7D3kvKt+lra/i0vIoSbmvRknuEwzXUJ5goV8WlLidisg3n0OR7XCV447Ph8+2qMPhcNxGsGba38dOL5X4A1xNrEl3tb1yr5WyGPpu1PDJwFzawbkkpweLiFCiAopKCrFztfsUl+/Slaj4tDxKUu6rcS1CiGtuhPiDErdTEffn8+LKdLXjjs8HJwAdDsdtCy62GctSLTbqWsANS7A/a785HA7H7YQTgA6H47aF5Ss27thtLqxrAVcV7mN25XA4HI7bCScAHQ7HbQuWu+vdGeDwsXzbwcCLW3I4HI7bAScAHQ7HbQszbVln73pA9uFKdjgcjtsJJwAdDsdty4WL1yf+PFhOw9n/HA7H7YQTgA6H47alYoUrt+a6VlhXzM1ZdDgctxNOADocjtsWFogN3hHjWmBxZrkDlq1I3rTNduAoS9akb5f5yRuueSLO7URKRpb89q2JtmB1MDv37pf/e3+K7RJzo2BGPMsiORzgBKDD4bhtYccFtvS6HthlgR0Rbgb5xw4ZV4NdGs7q37Ww99BR26nhWmDdRBZqBvLADhSw//Ax2b3ft/NDSWHyzmuT58q70xf5P/n3wG4lxH+WxQQg6uSlcTOlfbNGtptJIOx28d8vf2g7YzSqc339tTjYJpDtAh0OcALQ4XDctkRFVJXOLRsXuTXZ1WCx2q5tmtl2U/9uECHvz1hiW5AVB8vWrFyf8blb3KYvT7G9XCF58zbbl/daOH/hgrw3c4lsz8mzsvw7YXuyOSvX2RZ61wtrSlauVElG9u4oEVWv3IKNbeKOnzht++16+w47HDcaJwAdDsdtC3u2DuuRVLifbmmJiYqw62+GvUURox0SG0nVKsXnBYsblrzPe9maFg0TpJ5/b2H2yN2xZ7+9Li2IvoNHjss9/bqKb7Ozfx9nzp4v3Jv4emEfXKzI5ULYkn17U5d+OziH43qo8Pzzz73gf+1wOBy3HbiBY2pEyMoNW0ttFXt8eB/p36l1iQZm9NaCtRtl2boMqVixgorHyMLrduTmyfSlKbI2Y4fUiowo3Kx/047dkn/ylKRm7JQl69IlomoVW7w6e99BiYuuYdcfKzgly9ZvkQbxMZK5a6/UiakplStVlANH883qtmXnHqkTGy1VwirL0nVbZOXGTBVgx+XYiVNmTapQvoIsSU2XactSZP+hY7b5fph/83xmN89asU7WqOhC5LLpfvny5SWxQV07jvuTmMBIrUPvmv/f3n0ARlWmewN/AqRACKSQSkJC6L33JggoCopd1+6uZdddv726zb2f39Vtd917113Luq5rWdeGgvTee2+hdwIhBEISEhJKqN/zf2ZOnAwTSDQoeP4/d5ZkMnPmPWfK+c/zvu85WYfzraKKcI2QmbFzny0H7T5z5pyNMVuubUAIxanK8gqLLcjVD68j05aus2XG6boFOr1Y8YmTMnrOchner4u1B+MHb+7bxfvX8nbsy5Fpy9bZeLqGuk5oDyB8Tlu6Vhas3WztS4qN0e0otu2yj+RLQkyk3e5gboFt/9DgYP03y8aLTl2yTttdYNs4Y0emLNmwTbZnHpTjp07p8xFpx4McP3+l/Zugt3Ee04Egh+0xfsFKbd9BXc9IqVs7zB4Hzw0eB21JbOB5vmD/oTyZv3aTrNPHCwsNtmVm7Nhn6z939Sa7fYy+ftdtz9Tnap1VI3Ge6qXaNgxvWLt9r902TJfneT4ydalBUrdOmD0naMvWvdmSqOu9cdd+e00kx8XYY5O7MQDSNwo7SXTxnD1/zntez8vvWN2u4krO5c+L6g/LwnijsxqEauh9L7f97fk6d9bug58rOieoAy09i+dXb4/21cCDXEJV2/NVYJmpibHSTEPN1sxsG5vmjFULBAEoVsPbo7cMkrsG96pUmwqKSuSlf35mYQE3R9hCMGnfNFXmrdksH0yeb93R2CaTF66WaN2hJ8ZGyRcadsbNWykntE0IIPgZwXHc3OXSs10L26nPW7NJl5stXVs3sXMad2nVRFZv3SOvfDzRNnhO/lH5Qm/fJDlB8jVs7difo8/ZOamnASAlroF8OHWBBYqU+BjZc/CwhrMd0iI1Ca8e+dO/x9uYv9phITJdw9Q+DZ6NG8aXBUA8PxMWrrLxfdiGCG//mjxPoiLqWrhB1+VH0xZKm/RGMkPvj/MtB9esKTuzcuSE/oywgbFvCB4Ic3U14M7X9cG/CLT+2xYh/fSZM3Jdl7YWfAMFQCzv4+mL5BO9IERt2XNA5mhQ6tg8TY7o+r/+2VR7HSJkz1u1yUJl05QEmafhHNuxe5tmthwEpRnL11vY+3DaApm/erOGr5qyQQMcTh2IMJal4QyhOLJuuIWwl/81Tto1bSSbNHQvzdgu/Tu1tmU5pi9bb+ePxjKLNNhPmL/Ktjtec3sO5Gqwz7Xfm6cmllWV8VgIpwhpTZLjNahpe/Q5W75ph+QXFUuShkW0c+LClRacN+tjL1q3RRZpqB/er6uMmrHYxg1imAJe12NmL5eIcHQxB8lv3hlt2xjvsbHzVkjBsWJtfyoDIJmgY0V5FX8SEnlhZhpOio8dQrOUROnToWVZRcCx68Ahm+0HLdMaSt+OrcoCAz4A8cG6RZeB02phcHVt/QBMS4qVHvqBjA82KNUdDL717j90xH5vrN9w0QXnD1WGBfoBiOVghzm0Zwf7Zo5KxOXUCQ21CgMqFIv1Wzng8Ufoh6n/jFGs7zr9hr122x6rHqGahB3S2bPn9QN1ecCuISyjXnhtq7QgAEToz44J+m0cFYrLwYf2vUP72s5wjIYErKc/3AbLbt4oUTo0S7vo+fCFSQFYB1SLUJFBcsAOqJneF9vfqUg5kI+27s2yyhQCwhm9P5aPHUevds0lWXdivjtv7Hg2787S5zjT1g8BpHZIiDRKbCC9NcjEe6sujqq2p7pkaSh7e9EqWb9lt5zMyfOsqI/GDeOkd/uW0k9fu9gZ+weUirw5ZrqUnCiVn9wzzEJJdm6BVecGdm0rY+eukOH6mmmdnmy3XbFpp1VlXnriHvnH2FnWpfvgsP62fd+bONdCEwJTqgYk7ODf1tsM6NJGn+NU+T9/fk8eGT7QAuXDw6+Tzi3T7XWJCl/x8ZNyy4BuFipL9XVz95DeViX7ePpCDbK9bZvi9fT5rKUa2FLsANl7s3Plp98bbuET753fvTtGeut7G+11oEt26pK18vwjt1kY+ssnk+19+dQdN2hwybbHfkjb8taYGVaRuvP6XvqaXSY7NYg+/+jtMnnRapmlnwsvfP8u61JHFQsh9Yd3Di1XQcMEhXcnzNHrb7DX2WYNdn8bPVXe/OUT3lt4oDKHAPjju4dZiMRnC87XjCogTvuHyukNvTrp+7CGdYf/c/xs21b4DENAflrvB4vWbdV2Zcit/bvJa59Nk188dKttF1TwPtZQ+5un7pXcgiJ7zz5083UWdl/4+6e6rIEW4BCqsB0cJ0+dlp+99oEuZ6Q+d7F2HaqxGzR8P3DTALv/bzWQ/e2Xj1/0xSi34Jg89ps3ZPyff2Xt/vGf3rH3wjP33Czrd+yV0bOXyjP33mzVSwTg9yfNtQrnuy88bV8K7hjUy0IugvrfRk/TLw/NZcritfY5jNcBPofxvnzx7c/k0RGDpEdbTwgmd2MFkCoFFYaJC1fbTn6bfuhjx4NvxL6wY3tn/Bz7Ro4Psd7tW9gHT44Grb+Nnm47vTVb91h1YLd+2GPnsXHXPltmin6Qo+qCIIHqycQFq2w56Oa6Tnd+6PLyNWrWEhmnO1Z0qSBw9dQPtD+8P1Y/LDPtfpe6oAqCHSq6VPBNG9ehHclxDS6aMYoulL/rjm3Oqo0WgHPyCi3Y4sP8r59O9oZa/8fIsuWhSoN1a6Y7C1QQAB/W2PFcfB//S5YM0VCLisr/fjTBqgOoXpW7aHjC+mObHsjNt+ck0GQHDD5/47OpVgFYq7fdhe1/4LBs02Wg/XsP5krbJo0k3Du2DKEW1ZV/TZonKzbvtK4s3AbPG3awCCcp8Q3KuigR5t6fOE93mgvs9qhmYGeOkI7bYhtg5xRdL0JvX/X2VKc6dcLkUEK0HEtvKJEdmktk+6YS1amF3Nu7szyqO1EEB7yWYqO+7L6tDOyg+3dqY2Ec8AUA64CdNbZH7w4tdH3CbJkhIbXscBx4fvGaapqcaDt72KNfomppKOrZtrmFQVT9sN37dWplARldqHid7juUJ/cM6WOvfVTSEYRQucPveF0gFLZpkmKPjUoVghueC7y28JrCFxls89aNk62iBQhjORoSUHV0KoAQo6Ft9ooN9iUJX8wQ5tHuji0a22s5XYNyC739sg3bLWS21hC1RduAqijajdcBPg/wpdHzeVAoWYfzrBKHrkxAtyYOj4L3P3oINuny8WUCIRLjNxP0sdGtDniNIOAO0nCN5eE13zQ5wdo1a0WGbrOmVoED3Gf11t32+sPnEEKaUwHEOuB90zK1oc1Svn1gT9t+mIG8YtMOub57e9tW+JzC2EuEV7QF1bepGu4xPrBD88a2/eFQ/lFZqNvj3iF9ywJejaAasmFXpm0ThDOEZXyB9H9t4XEQNO+9wXNfBO6b+3SxL1p43vCedL5QY5udPn1W1mzbLSM0vOJzt3XjFKsA4nZL9HlIS4yVabqMOwf3sq5rQJcwPi8QWlkBJOAkEKqUCxe+rEChywKBEN+AfXkGMns4P6Oi9+mMxbajwA7BfwwWPvjxYY+uqKMathD00vTbs1PNKio+IYd0h+ELj7tVd2TOsvDhj0rYpbr1yvHezreqhg/zNzWkHverIKIagB0OKoEO/Oj7uz+0A6EI4RHH/UI3kFOZrGwb7VZ6W/x7qbvgAx+BapbuoFEp8odtNE6DFqqlmD3qv/1LTpyyHTcOt+E8n3iuJmgAt0qe33OMQIPAhuOVFet9AeFgKsaXFRRddPtTpactDPzl40n2Wvgq7aluNfQ1FhIVIbWTYiU8raFdmmhYa56aZId88f+yURnYySJQOFCVQhg5UVqq63RSSjRUODDmK1x3xjU1bNTUnX1IsG9o9wQDBEkEGrzPUEl2vkAAQlaRvrby9H3oQKVvxcad3t++FKvBCdUqVNV+9sAt8uz9I+znWwd0swojqva+Ah0jDtXBvhrkMD4Or+dOGvzQ3Yr1Q3UKIfJyYbl2aKjexvtLgJviC0+chqtoXbd92bmSqeEUQRHvI1TxfF8nWH9sQ1ThAe8PhLzt2vb6EXX0dVjoef8ohDk8FxjnFxocos/Dl+9vfElz1NHQe5lVsPcaut9/+fBt8sM7brQvqjt9tldCTJS9P3wPo4MuXCz4UtX5ijhjBCM1rGN9ESAdeJ7O6WeshU/9H9YR8DmDqiXgdePbPryf8OWKyMEASFXwZRKZu2qjVRYuBx846KrABzg+X7u3aSq//9H35K/PPSqP3TJIouqFW5hClxmOkYWfW6QlWQUFMH4H1QJfmbpMhCtAVQQVCHxz9/XAsP7y84dGWneM/+VZ3RE6Xc6+EKRQ9cIHPeAx0CXlH1L8oa3fv/V6W/bPH7xVHh0x0CoO2ClifXBIDNsR+Bk5oPtFbXMu6DpLCnA4iOe07c5tnrxjqHXxoGKAMIsdEioavhC6MYjfWSe06//94C55+ZkHrdsc1QSEUgRIjHfCjgRdZc72RSXsJ/fcJH/+j0dsHbGueBWgmvL5rCUW2FAtcQIOqoIIGa88+4g8eFN/G1uGbYAuvzmrNlS5Pd+Yy+z8LwfdbBjo/97EOdb2/35/rHWdpjdMkPbN0iycz9TANHvlRusSvlWf+xC/CQS+8Nq5b2gfG37QtklKuS7DZH1doIL9sn5pQkUQ3a2vjposwbUu/jjHceVQhfp89jJbFiqVGLN3WsPA7YN62vsOX9DQ1n+MnanvLc/QC3+DuraT3Qdy7AtbamKcDOnRwboYUUlyqm2XcrlwhUrnrx+7Q/7z+3fK8/ovLuh2xcQFbFtUTx0In+gK/f37X8i81Ztsm+PwONERdeXGXp30s2mTVdOW6OcTKtMYG4kwjfuhgokq3KfTF1toLnO5Bip8EfzV6x9aaEYYw+QODGNxoBI5rHcn657HZx6qeB9NW2CVT9z2q0L1ERXbP34wVpZt3GFDTzA2Eu95zxfmOAvjeF+hlwZhER675Xp7LaId2BYvfzBOA6rnnNYH9Hl/4a1RNqGH3ItdwFQpGMuyS7+VO5Uv/P+mPfutOwXfyAHdNRhgDuhK7duxpUxD1WDrHrsOO/uXnrzXxlYhgGEwMmZEIkCgYoidEcb7YYeC5aDSiMkiDXUng+40p7to+aadFj7xjRYB5e7Bva0CiB2ZZ/KByBO3D7GuPHz4+18wPgc7X+ywsVP0hapX89SGtk6ocqHLzBdmaaJrCI+NgdnYEURqiEWYRRcs1rF9s1TppD/P1L/jdidLS2290GWOkIagCffd2NfGiAVqY3rDeOvuwXjJKXofx0tP3K2PkWi3wXglbBd88B87ftL+jq5ZhEIHguf4+Sts8D48c9/N1i2HShfGAS1et9XCHkIXnjM8L6j+OW28R3e+GD+GHS66ChGGnW2Gx8RgfexgnIA78roe9nygItaxeWPZl5Mne7M9hwPBoHq0uSrt8V2X6oAov+X0acn2O0dwx9BQSdDXxFfNgdhBd2vdVLfbcdsWGJOJ7YB1xnOF7kO8tjCbFF2XnVqkW7dosO7AMcjf+cKDEIHnIEpffwgtqPD0aNvcXguASlK6Ls9CkG7jnCMF+p4UG/uHLlkERywjPqa+dVeieodtiIk52Nlj8sXN/bpYUEd4wHsQs14x1ALtvMH7/ouqV/64h1gmwg7GtGISAwIZwv+NGnic2+IYdxjzidc5ul6xHARE/IzqXlxUpLWvlq5LTGQ9q1A53aeBoDqKZeO94AufA3htYd3wmYFtj22NsZOolGKyypGjRTZTt1XjZBnUvZ1V+PBlE9tkb06udZei+zQpNspeZxiegPcO2oNLfV0Orsdj4T2PCTsp8bE2LAHd6vn6/kAXLaqfvpro+z9Mt8P+QwhWF2SwBuV2TVJtvYN0ffA8Y33wuy/8jr+hvfgZzzN6NvB4+HLbsUWa1NQgj0PS4CDSN/XubN3+mNiEdmM8J74Y4+c+HVpo2+OtqxfPKWaU44s0huTg89qeE10mnj/8HV3D5E4MgFQpngB4yHY2DlSLik96PlgwczJQAETgcb6RDtMPrZ7tyg8+RhDDYTPQ9YqdPiYA4IMNEzTQdYhgWCcsxMb1oEsEgQtdjghvgJ0bdn740PYNgDf16WyTQy4lUABElxMeA2Ox5qzceFH1L1AAxAfoYL0OOyIHPsBHz16mtztrO0a0J1p3Zr4BEOEP63op/gHwwZsGlNt5oH04fRfGeAF2FAhZDjw+utCwLTDOEoP7ndmHgAkBGH8EGGvpGaS/3nYYgAH9GIfkQHDDdgFMDLl7SB/rcsN2QVBHZcg5zAbMXJ4hB7xVBuzcurVuUqX2YAdVna5UAAS8DjC7FqEcVWmnKxnhDWEI64+xYNg+TqBDUHbCHyA8IfwBnmeEPd8u6ca6Y8fveL8hQGF5bdKTLTQ6rwssA+Npnd9RhcX4QLwu8H7xfTz83DItWUNKir1n8YXKP/w5UlDt0yDktL1po0QLVM7joD3OuGD864wzw/J824cAc7nwB1bd9wt/Dqt8aXsxzrGlbld8YcPyccFjt0hNtucBt/GttCIkttXt0FSDEw4NhMCE6hxCrdMejIHE/VB1xfsYzx0CE/6cmhAnrXQbYtm+7wsHbodl4jnBc+M7lhRtDhT+AAHbCX+A2/mOgUUXNl5TbdMb2fAAvH+ccaMIwgiLbbRN+HKN95UT6nA7TD7C37AeuOC9inXG9b6vBXKfi/sMiCrk+XDCBzOqF5Cx3TPpoiLOzhwCnU0B1QFUSRxOVyKqKagUALql8G0VEBQPHMkvq0SikuLskL6Orq2a2FgbLBfdN+hWw3gefGjjALfOeJzKQOjCJIpSDRqAsVa+XVjVCePofLvIseP3hZ3hsw+MkBefuNu6Wp0dNExZstYqP4D1RAUTEMQdCBq+cEw5B26HyusPRg625ePSTnc0DkwyWLXly3FpmNjwVdpzLcEO3KlU+8PfLhd6/IXqdrgUhBT/56giuF2g8FHZZSAM+YYphIiqrk91w3s/UBtwlW+3uS/bDt6fqwrLxWvT+fyrSGWfk6rCayvQcwgVtamibVQdn5t0beMrgKrAEwxQ2WvVOMU+iDwTEDJssHVAPhXDiuB4ZP7QtYIB7IDqFo6phnCGAfVORQkfYDjcQSAY3/LAC6+Wu7z1xUzvXy+GA93iMAv4cEdV76xeoFlKgnWpXGpHl3e0WJ5/42N59KU35JEX35B7nn/FAiCWgcoEZheiEuDvlY8nXdRGHGLjUnBIC+fyyieT5Fevf2wH/AV06zkzHB14jjC7E+uFC35HVXXN1t3yji4D2xQ7ldsH9tC2lj8/aWVgq6B64Szf2emiu/G37462gfp4TAR6XK50eyqjJtrgd/nqkYCI6NrEAEhV4NlJ4jh6P7j1eusuhIXrttgg8vM+M4W/LoSAId07eH8T61pGoMLMQIzvAXS3obslEFTGMObK94KJC5eCMOl70FlUPHDMLGeMY0XQDYvlI/RgEgbGxjkVSlS40I0Z6Ns2DiVT1TaiW/mzmUvsgkOJHC0usWoDuqQwO/Fyh05BuzCA/NVRU60664SzW6/rbt1X1QETPv7nw/E2PgvQPYUJJL7HfHN8E+3xhfDXLTRM7gqPKHdJ0bYxAhKRmzAAUhV4Qg0OToIxKg/ffJ39jh33v6cskGPeSlR1ub57OwsE4ByIGUfvd6pzg3u017/bjxfBeBpUw3wvOJDupWBZOEC0EyrvGNTTJnRcDsYMDejcxsIjLn19Zv1hYDaqgc6sWl+YMOLfRgzuvxSEXozjcrrNsX1G6GP+6uGRZcdzuxSMrcTx5Zygicrk/cP623io6oBD+XwweZ6dEQPhDmOMMNkFB1gO9Fxd6fb4wwdeenCwdA8LK3eJvgJhk4joasYASFXgswfXH3EgW2fCwYHcPDtmWXXCAHnnSPuojqHrFweHBXQ74vAKFcEsYGdcmnO5ZUB3718r1kjD359/+rB88NJPbMJFZcbyIOQ8cFN/OzMBLjicBc4igMHZCK1LvedF9Xff0H4XtRGHvLiU/9W2oX2Du7W3tiFknTx92mZ3OmG5IuhqfX3UVDtIs1OhfHzkYGmJ04Jd5r6VNWb2MqvoOZNnhvXpXHYAYH/fRHuIiCgwBkCqgvID+rBTx/lS0e2I/bdzKBJfvl2SODemP4y3cw4JAr6TJZABnDF+CAg45hkOwQA45AVms1UE5yN1xpk5l8sN3AYED0xW8ZxcvnJVIbTTDumht3fGw6Fy6MxgxAGQcY5VBB5ftWrVCNDGSz8mJgWgaxpdpHW92xZnAsBEkPJLLw8VSJxpAQfMxbbEjOX/uH+4zUT2D1u+v/ufgs73d99xkZgRPmrmEvl89hJbT1QocYotDBUIFP6q0h4iIqp+DIBUBZ4ds2/QQJdkv46tA+7kAYefcOAYb87ZIxw4/ZdzWBSEn9TE8mP6urVpaodAABwOBYdfAXS5XokxYtUFE1dwCBeHJzhdKqJVDSqjOOgsYCwhTquGY70FgrF4mFyCsZqAw5A8c+9NMqxXZ/vdF8bphfscluVSZ4rAoT0Aj//+pHnW9YsvAhF1wuwgvk/dOTRgmKtKe4iI6MpgAKQq8AYYnxyDw6Pc2NtzkONAcHgVHMcPcFaQ//n3eDuZOyYKoMv4n+Nn2WFTAGcJ8V9OXBQOGOs504Bz9oiY+nXtWFgVHeYBMGlkxvIMOw6d/2XR+q0XnfLt6zhx8rTMX7PZzoyA4/xhzN/v3hlTNlkFlb1UDWxBfiF53ba9AduHC849jIO7XgqOwedUQZdmbLPzBfvD4XNwvmNUCVGZwzZDZbLkRKnMXrmh3GPiNF+o2OJYbw6cZB9nfdmTnStTFq2xgzg7EM5xqBw8jzgVnBPOGyXGWmift3pzueXPXb3JvgBUpT1ERHRlBB0ryqu+sgR9Z73y8USZvizDKlkj+neVx0cOKQt2OB4cTuM2WQOCM/YLB/H95cMjLRTgcCc4th6qQ+g2xLH/UBnyHG7FExow0/bV5x6zA7X6wqmn/vzRRLu/A7NEcco1/+MKjnj2v+1k74DqYEU9iQhNf3rmQTutEk71BoO6tdNl3mIVMH8408U/vphpoREHUv3D0/fbOTef/cu/rHsXD4PzujqPh/XEdnDGtaEb+7n7R9gBcZ/673/IrixPVQ0znSs+vEyQvPX8E3Zg6h/98W3vdSIz33ih3LjE10ZNsdM/QZeW6XZKNV84fM4vX/+w3PmUUa0NFJ5xANm3f/2UVVrfHjfLOysX29JzeBc8907Iw8F83/r1kxKs6/BbDbsbfM6rivbhLA4XC5JXf/ao/Oad0VVqDxERVT9WAKlSgoK+fKnguH2+uQUh5oGbBpQ7Mr6zQ8dBox8ePlB6tWth47wQiVA1QnBC+MOYNlTzfv3oHWWVPl8ImZgt6wQzBMdWjRvaAYj94ZynDiwbYSXgRf+GdvgGKU8QCxRaPI/pu8KeX7/8HcvyfTyEP4wFRKjt3CLde85jT1j1DXwIwOXa5XNBdy6Wi1s7j2X39bk/3NCrU9mMY1TMfE9wX8aTQ8ugfYEeE+0BTO4Z3q+r9ywGNfRvnucLt/F008fK84/cZocBwqIxK9yXExT9L07Yr2p7iIio+rECSJWyfkem7D5wyKp9zVIS7bhz/pMqMEHDqQRhjBrCjxMEUTHDqd12ZeXIkaPFutM/ZxM+cJYMnDfV91RR/rJz8zXc7JXSM2fs7CA4QwRCiD9UIDEj9nJqhwRL/85trIt2rfdUcOiG7NS8ccBKFE4gv257pnXJRmib+3VqbaEF3bRlocYHKloYR4cDM+Ncnb4TYdBVfKTQc7aLS0HYu7FXRwtCeBxsd6z7bQN7eG/hgckXyzZst3OTQhvv6cYcOED3Ioy9rOhA3T5wqrrru7Wzn9E9u31ftj1nmMGM0I7tlhzfQDq1SLPTvqGNCIY4N7NzKrpLwTH4cBo9tLeq7SEiourFAEjfKFSH0K2J7lFUkzA+jq5eeJ4wSxuBEF3WGNtXQU4nIqJrCAMgERERkctwDCARERGRyzAAEhEREbkMAyARERGRyzAAEhEREbkMAyARERGRyzAAEhEREbkMAyARERGRyzAAEhEREbkMAyARERGRyzAAEhEREbkMAyARERGRyzAAEhEREbkMA+B3zIULF6T4xEk5e+6c9xoPXHey9LT3t4r9/r0v5Njxk97frj0TFqyUjB2Z3t++vrPnzsu81ZvkT/8eL7NXbvBe+9Ut37hDFqzZ7P3NnXYfOCR/Gz1dfvfuGHu9Ok6fOSsFx0qksPi4vX4LS45LXmGxnDp9xnsLIiKqLgyA3zHYiY6bu0Jy8gq913h8MWe5rNy8y/tbxfZm514UHq82WMf9h/PkvE94cOQWFFnYrS6FxSWyassu6d+ptXRqkS5nzp7Ty1nvX6uusPiEhZwrBdsG2+Dc+fPea64uaNfM5RmSGBMl993QV4KCgrx/0WCYfVjemzBHRs1cLIfzi+SzmUvl9c+nypY9Wd5bEBFRdWEA/I5BKMrJPyqlflWTnLyjFma+C3KPFmlQmCtnNOxcaagAhgYHS5OUBImpX9cqjCs2XT5If1vyCo/JtKVr5cSpUu81V5fz5y9Y21qmNZQmyQneaz1SExrIoG7trFIdElJLbunfVaIiwq/adSEiupYxANI1B6Gs4Fhxue7DK8b7GE6dakjPjtKhWar3t6sPtg268BG0rk4X9D/1ZeGvTJ2wUImLri81a9SQWnpJbBAl4XodERFVv5rPP/+LF70/03cAum+Xb9wpqUmxtvNElyAuSzK2S0JMpLRITZJD+YUydck6mbl8vezMypG6dWpL/bp1pEZQkExcuFpDTgcZN2+F3u+czFqZIcs2bpeIOmGSmXNE/75Kdh04pMuKsh128YlTMnfVRpmyeI2sx9g73bE3iKwnx0+dkunL1svCdVus+hhdP8Ju7wuVnUXrt8q0pettXBjagPukJcZakFm7bY9MXrjGuq5R2YzRZRzMK5CJC1bJ9syDcqK0VEpPn5Xk+BjvEkXW6H1Kz5yRLXsOyIJ1m+VU6RlJio3SdashB48UyIT5K2XB2i2SdThPIuvV1fWqLUt12xzQv81bvVH2Hsy16hQgSH02a4lszcyW/KJiCdJl5BeV2PZEjBk1Y7GEBAfLpEWrZfOeLImLirTtVHLylK331CVrZfu+g9bGJRnbpLlue6eLvVXjZHsMwHaYv2azzF6xQfYcPCy1Q0OkfkS4dRXPXJEhM5ZnyDZtA9oaqdfjsbbuPSD7Dh2R6brtUPHFc7t6625dzia7bZ62N1HXG09IoOenoLikwvYf1/as1NfQtGXrrPsbgaxBZIT9e+ToMZmh10/Xy+bdWZ421Q2XGjW+THTo5s086HmtzNP25BYUSlS9cH09hunraYMs3bDNtuMufe21b5am29V7R4VtjnXroNdjO+A1EBtVTxolxHpvQURE1YEB8DsG4QKBbcOOfbJh1z4LBbggxCB0oMLy3sQ5tkPu1KKx3WeGhq6GsTESXS9CJnkD4L+nLJA1W3dJ9zbNdcdf08ZlFRw7rr83s1CToyGytS7vg8nzpUDDBq5HQEOIQnhbukHboI9/S79uciC3QM5rKEiKjS4b84Xb/P2LmbIn+7D00PsG16qpj71G1m7dI73bt5Cxc5dLxs5M6d62mcRrm+focnftz7E2I3QihF7frb0tE92EDjwu2ocQ1zgp3kJYXHSkdRu/+ukUaZGWZNvhSOExC0Bt0lNse83UbdC2SSNJiovRbRFty0LIKyo5Yfft3CJdGmkwXbd9jwWc2iEh8tqoqRY2EVYQjMZomwd1bSujZy+TfTm5dp96dWvbJJLFGVtlRL+uFqL9A+CidVtl/urNclPfLhaysjWMhoUEyysfT7IQ37llut3uo6kLLLwhyH4+a6mEaUBC+9dt3yvHtJ2Nk+JsO+cXFkvX1k0lVUPTJ9MXBXx+QmrVktc/m3Zx+7u1kzFzlskWDWFtmqRYuJuhXxRq1qxhARH3QTDr0qqJtjFExi9YKQ00oCGAOtZpaMPjNm+UaK8RrA/G/bVrmmpBcfu+HGmdnixNGiaUC+/AAEhE9M1gF/B3EKpdCHF3D+5ddkEYQPY6cDhfw19duaV/N+mqO/GhPTtKesN4CxEID756tG0ug7u3l+u7t7Oq153X97Rw1q1VU8k6lGcTGhC4WupOvrYGFVTwWqYly/rtmbajx222Zh6QPh1aSofmaeWqRPsPHbH7/vDOG6Rvx5YypEcHuXdoHwtXCDgIII/fNkT6dWwl/Tq1kif0Z1SPzp2/IO2apUrdOmHSrXUTCz2+EDC7t2lq69+zXXMLIIfzj8q0JesspKRpKESwQCU0VEOWMyMXgWxYn862TAcCTkdtd1xUfenUsrGGkAbev3igrSMHdJf+nVvb9tyrYfZg3lE5XFAkt13Xw9qNySPXdWkjdUIr7sqsHRZiIXONBvWEBlF6+7YW2o+fLNXQ1Mjam6zBFG2evGi13SdGg+C9Q/vqtmtlYQzBMk23BSpq8bqeCI3YFhU9P8dPngrcft322RrY8Vxfr8/9UN2Oj44YKPEa/jZqoN9/+IiFa4yLxJcJhGwEPrw+AMtExXagBmHP9mxqrz+8Jlfp9VgHBDoE1x4a7omI6NvBAPgdhKCX1CDaAoFzCa/tCSBHi49bxQwVJkDFCZWhoyXHL5pVi9CGZaE6F6S3C68dZtfX0t/PX/CMw8MhO1DdQTXtU72s3LTTAsuIft3kiduH6E5/p/z81Q9k8fpt5QImujcjdHnRGkYd6ckJ2p4gOXbipNTRUORb2UMVEFWoy82gRVtRJcN6AUIcQiMmR+zXQDp61lJrJ2ZFI47W0GVC80ZJZfepLNy+aYpnIgPWGdAtHaJtQLc6IIQhQIaG1LLfA0F17vHbBsuB3Hx54e+fyKhZSyRLg/qx4ydk3LyV1t7PZi6xvyO8o4LXOCm27DFDgmt5tq3fsD/nkCqBnh+MEayo/diG9cLr2PZB+9MbJljFDlXTIg394+d72oRlYggBwiWCH6Bt6AJHFdXZngjasZERcqjgqP1ORETfPgZAl0mJbyB7DuZamMAhTRAQ0GWKcXcIX74qCkQIhYBlpWkQuf/GfvLSk/fICz+4Ux66+Tq5bWAPW26zlET5/dP3y4M3DbCZqXg8R1pinI01y9i5T06fPWvj4DC27JyGUAz+P3GyVNZv32szQnHBmLrQWrVspuilYBxjLW+o84XuXVTwfvHQrfLik3fLT7833NqJCyBcVlVwzZpSw28bodKH9qLCiaoYZmNv3L1fio+f8t7iYuh+xTr/+tHb5eWfPKTPR7aGxno2vu6Z+26ybfuLh0daW7F9sX4IVc7zUJGU+JgKnx+MMQzYfg1zaHOmvkZw/D1UIRes3Syrt+6RVmnJVl388T3DbHnPa3vvG9pXhvZoXy6MIvwtztgmBUUldsgcvNZ2ZB3S5+DqnTxDROQ2Vd/r0TUtOS5amiYnyvuT5snrn021A/LWq1tHerVrUS4MIEj5Qjj88hr9OaiGBcQHhg2wbkks688fTbQxYbBJQ8//fDhBPpm2SDZoyGvfNLVcyMKkgh/fPUw+nbFIXh+l7fh8uuw7lOep4NWPkAc1qExbtl7++slkG7u3cO0Wee6BW2zc21eB0BMbXd/GsGF5f/10slUEQzWwVCd0sw7o0sbGMGKM4JtjZsjO/Tnlur/97cs5Yuv/4ZQFNjEHAQpd2Li8NWamLmeK/OXjSbJi485LVhL9Xer5qag19cPryGANdJMWr9HtNNm2Pw5ejQosDoVzQ6+O8v7Eud7lTZBF67fo81rTe2/PctHusxr2cQw/bIN3J8yR/p1alY05JSKib1/QsaI8v44jupahGxcHAkb3KapEDsz8RbcvZpGeKj0tuUeP2cxWBBbs3J3uXYSRhnExkpNXYF2pnu7C8zaRA1UqBDRUeBqteAAAEKlJREFU7oqPn7T7OY+HZSE0YsIFwh2qR5hpi7+hOxEVxohwT7eoA92QmNWLChgeP6lBpDz31w/kD0/fb13DmMlaUFhi3c0YN4auanRJorJ2uKDQ2ukfVNHVi25fjBEEdHnjNlhPrDcmr5ScOGV/R9BCxQr3wWzYen7tA1Qtjx4rkej6daWWBh10q+JfBEdskybJ8XY7bKM92bk2JhGTRzAOENsc2w/VvBOnTtuEhxIcokW3GZ4Hh6dKViAHjxy15aLLHo+HZR7KK7QzYmCdEnT71NXthIkpmEiCbYTtgfXBrGt0NVtVV2+PbYUAiK7ZQM8PqnwVtR8wJhHrgG7llIQY63rG/bF8rBe2A9YN4yoDbTe0CV3GmJyCdYnXx8W2xqF7sGwEzUBhHtXgwmPe9usXBv/nk4iIqgcDoIvpvviy3YhfF8IOaof+j4PDjrz8wTh54xePW1cn/o6q4ZujZ8hrP3/MQta1DmEHAa2yPNsKz8kVflIqCa8PCNQc/Kkyrazs7YiI6JvFAEjfCoQddEmiEjW8bxc5Ulgs4+avkLuu72UzSImIiOjKYQCkbw3CHw5QnZmTa93TOO4cxgpeLRUwIiKi7yoGQPpW4cWHCQOYJFHRrGMiIiKqXtzj0rcKtT5MLGH4IyIi+uZwr0tERETkMgyARERERC7DAEhERETkMgyARN9xOOTOnJUb5Q/vfSErNu/yXvvVTF+6Tt74bJrkFRZ7r6leOHD0xAWr7ADeRER05TAAElUCzryBAztfCefOnb9iy4YNOzPtXMxdWjeRRvEx3murbvv+gzJm7nLp1LKxhNcO9V5bvUrPnJVdWTlSWnraew0REV0JDIBElTB69jLZlpnt/a364NRqM5avt/MSXykFRSXSuGG8DOrazk7n91XhNIHNUhKkT4eWdho4IiK6djEAElVCm/QUiY+J9P5WfXC+22YpieXODVzdPKek8/7yNVw4X7VT2xER0dWr5vPP/+JF789EVy1Un5Zv3CFNNSw5FqzZIucunLPzBs9euUFmLFsvxcdPSnJ8jAUrKCw+LuMXrJSte7MlUQPc9v05dv2RwmN63QEpKDouO/YdtErcpMWrZcf+gxIbWU/Ca4fZ7Rw7s3LsuhpBNew8xidLT9t4uH2H8iQpNlpCgmt5b+mxbtteOaZtKSo5LpMXrZbDBUWSmhhnB7zek31YDuYdlcyDnnUK1vtG1g2XOmGhsn77Xpm+fL0cP3VaknW5CFxYjmf9MqTkxCldvwZ23MT8Y8WyctMuOXXmrExdskbyi4olLSm+XNjLPlIg07SdWYfzpeTkKavcRdWrK7uzD8mURWtk9bbdElMvoiyALtuw3SqGGDOYlhQnoSHBdv2idVtlmbb1gC4Hj40wjPbgDC7z1myWBP0d22Da4rWyastuidbHwLbJ0+2Mo31v2p1l1cca2rii4hOyYvMOSY5rIEG6PbD9Jy1aJXuzcyWmfl2rtLZrmip169S2xyYiourHAEjXjJf/PV5DVANJahAtmRoIf//eGOndvqW8P2meHMo/Kklx0bJm2x4Lay3TGkp+YbG89M/RFqIQ8MbOWyHrd+yVFA1Q6HL9ZMYiCxsYdzZqxmILHefOnZOlG3ZIK71/mE8351tfzJQoDScIaf8YO9NOYVendqgu54gtq3XjZAuijs9nLZWZKzL08TKlft06smbrbvu9Z9vm9vOYOctl4659dp/tGoAQIrN0OW+MniZdWzWR2XrbwpITkhAdKa9/PlWOHC3SABWp990ju7IO2fpl5xbIyx+M03BZqMEuVBau2yK5GjQ7tmjsbYVIgYbEVZt3SfHJkxIdUVcSNIRl7NwnH0yer6Gvjt4iSCYvXC3R9SMkMTZKXhs1RdbqNiw5cVI6tUqXut4gjO2E4FqkbUrRgJ3eMEH+661Rdh1CN9r28gfj5bC2s3ZosExfts7CJCagIHRO0997t29h65t9JF8+nLpABnZtJxm6fd6dMFe3UbgtZ9LiNTYmskfbZgyARERXELuA6ZqACtUPRg6WLzQ4HT9ZKmPnLpehPTvIwSMFEhpSS+4a3Fv6dGgl9wzpI/tycq2q9I+xs2y82rP3j5Af3XWD/OqR2+TU6TPeJSIclch/PnaHDOnRXoNdiIWTbq2b6jJ6B5zk4BTWEFCeumOoPH3XjfLI8IE2IxZVOn/oMv2/uvzHbxsiLz11r8RH1ZcJC1Z5/qbB6KUn75Uf3nmDhNTyVA+PFpdIaHAtidXbPX33MOmjgWnttr3SKKGBPHf/LXL/jf3llw+PtKoiQi7mjYSFhMijIwbJk7cPkZ/eN1xWbN5pYdeRlhgn/Tu3ti7sh7WtSRoA12qIfOr2oXqfofL4yOvlnqF9NBwvlzMahDEVZVifzvKitg3tddzQq6P07dhKmjVKtG2NUAtdWzeRXz96hyxYu8Ue678ev8uW+/OHRsq58+ftNgF557xMXLhKHrixn/wQ2/PuG7WN18kZDeFERHRlMQDSNQMVJAQeVJfQJTxyQA85kJtv3ZJfaCD8eNpCDVgrLRihq3Tn/oPSvllq2Wnm0E2JkOJIT4qXmPoRkp4cL49oiNp94JD85dPJMmnRajlV+mVQdHgzizSMi5b46PpWWURoxPLPBwg7rTV01fMGJXSVIixlajiFlo0bWjXReJMlwurNfbvYOvzxX2Nl4+79cqig0CqWTlcsuqEbRNaTw/mFFiIRxBrp36FBZISc1XCKGcsVQQBGV218jKf9uGD9jxaV2P3CtU3JcTHWVVsZHZql6TJE9uvz0aVVEwn2hll0ozdPTbKf/aENTjhElTZFAy7aAXhsdB8TE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style="-webkit-tap-highlight-color: transparent; -webkit-user-drag: none; border: none; font-family: "Segoe UI", "Segoe UI Web", Arial, Verdana, sans-serif; font-size: 12px; height: 718px; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; user-select: text; vertical-align: baseline; white-space: pre; width: 244px;" unselectable="on" width="109" /></span></p><p class="Paragraph SCXW121139493 BCX0" paraeid="{424649e0-5a0e-44bd-88f4-a85f60b66f11}{155}" paraid="684261978" style="-webkit-tap-highlight-color: transparent; -webkit-user-drag: none; background-color: transparent; color: windowtext; font-kerning: none; margin: 0px; overflow-wrap: break-word; padding: 0px; text-indent: 48px; user-select: text; vertical-align: baseline; white-space: pre-wrap;"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times New Roman_EmbeddedFont, Times New Roman_MSFontService, serif;"><i>Holmes downfall</i></span></p></div><div class="OutlineElement Ltr SCXW121139493 BCX0" style="-webkit-tap-highlight-color: transparent; -webkit-user-drag: none; clear: both; cursor: text; direction: ltr; font-family: "Segoe UI", "Segoe UI Web", Arial, Verdana, sans-serif; font-size: 12px; margin: 0px; overflow: visible; padding: 0px; position: relative; user-select: text;"><p class="Paragraph SCXW121139493 BCX0" paraeid="{a72c57b4-2b20-461d-94aa-387149286a0b}{60}" paraid="282474862" style="-webkit-tap-highlight-color: transparent; -webkit-user-drag: none; background-color: transparent; color: windowtext; font-kerning: none; margin: 0px; overflow-wrap: break-word; padding: 0px; text-indent: 48px; user-select: text; vertical-align: baseline; white-space: pre-wrap;"><span class="TextRun SCXW121139493 BCX0" data-contrast="auto" lang="EN-US" style="-webkit-tap-highlight-color: transparent; -webkit-user-drag: none; font-family: "Times New Roman", "Times New Roman_EmbeddedFont", "Times New Roman_MSFontService", serif; font-size: 12pt; font-variant-ligatures: none !important; font-weight: bold; line-height: 36px; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; user-select: text;" xml:lang="EN-US">Stakeholders</span><span class="EOP SCXW121139493 BCX0" data-ccp-props="{"201341983":0,"335559731":720,"335559739":160,"335559740":480}" style="-webkit-tap-highlight-color: transparent; -webkit-user-drag: none; font-family: "Times New Roman", "Times New Roman_EmbeddedFont", "Times New Roman_MSFontService", serif; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 36px; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; user-select: text;"> </span></p></div><div class="OutlineElement Ltr SCXW121139493 BCX0" style="-webkit-tap-highlight-color: transparent; -webkit-user-drag: none; clear: both; cursor: text; direction: ltr; font-family: "Segoe UI", "Segoe UI Web", Arial, Verdana, sans-serif; font-size: 12px; margin: 0px; overflow: visible; padding: 0px; position: relative; user-select: text;"><p class="Paragraph SCXW121139493 BCX0" paraeid="{a72c57b4-2b20-461d-94aa-387149286a0b}{72}" paraid="923001842" style="-webkit-tap-highlight-color: transparent; -webkit-user-drag: none; background-color: transparent; color: windowtext; font-kerning: none; margin: 0px; overflow-wrap: break-word; padding: 0px; text-indent: 48px; user-select: text; vertical-align: baseline; white-space: pre-wrap;"><span class="TextRun SCXW121139493 BCX0" data-contrast="auto" lang="EN-US" style="-webkit-tap-highlight-color: transparent; -webkit-user-drag: none; font-family: "Times New Roman", "Times New Roman_EmbeddedFont", "Times New Roman_MSFontService", serif; font-size: 12pt; font-variant-ligatures: none !important; line-height: 36px; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; user-select: text;" xml:lang="EN-US"><span class="NormalTextRun SCXW121139493 BCX0" style="-webkit-tap-highlight-color: transparent; -webkit-user-drag: none; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; user-select: text;"> Holmes</span><span class="NormalTextRun SCXW121139493 BCX0" style="-webkit-tap-highlight-color: transparent; -webkit-user-drag: none; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; user-select: text;"> initially </span><span class="NormalTextRun SCXW121139493 BCX0" style="-webkit-tap-highlight-color: transparent; -webkit-user-drag: none; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; user-select: text;">targeted </span><span class="NormalTextRun SCXW121139493 BCX0" style="-webkit-tap-highlight-color: transparent; -webkit-user-drag: none; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; user-select: text;">family</span><span class="NormalTextRun SCXW121139493 BCX0" style="-webkit-tap-highlight-color: transparent; -webkit-user-drag: none; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; user-select: text;"> and</span><span class="NormalTextRun SCXW121139493 BCX0" style="-webkit-tap-highlight-color: transparent; -webkit-user-drag: none; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; user-select: text;"> friends </span><span class="NormalTextRun SCXW121139493 BCX0" style="-webkit-tap-highlight-color: transparent; -webkit-user-drag: none; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; user-select: text;">to help fund </span><span class="NormalTextRun SCXW121139493 BCX0" style="-webkit-tap-highlight-color: transparent; -webkit-user-drag: none; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; user-select: text;">her company. </span><span class="NormalTextRun SCXW121139493 BCX0" style="-webkit-tap-highlight-color: transparent; -webkit-user-drag: none; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; user-select: text;">The company had </span><span class="NormalTextRun SCXW121139493 BCX0" style="-webkit-tap-highlight-color: transparent; -webkit-user-drag: none; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; user-select: text;">about </span><span class="NormalTextRun SCXW121139493 BCX0" style="-webkit-tap-highlight-color: transparent; -webkit-user-drag: none; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; user-select: text;">700 million</span><span class="NormalTextRun SCXW121139493 BCX0" style="-webkit-tap-highlight-color: transparent; -webkit-user-drag: none; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; user-select: text;"> put forth by investors.</span><span class="NormalTextRun SCXW121139493 BCX0" style="-webkit-tap-highlight-color: transparent; -webkit-user-drag: none; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; user-select: text;"> </span><span class="NormalTextRun SCXW121139493 BCX0" style="-webkit-tap-highlight-color: transparent; -webkit-user-drag: none; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; user-select: text;">Investors were not given </span><span class="NormalTextRun SCXW121139493 BCX0" style="-webkit-tap-highlight-color: transparent; -webkit-user-drag: none; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; user-select: text;">accurate</span><span class="NormalTextRun SCXW121139493 BCX0" style="-webkit-tap-highlight-color: transparent; -webkit-user-drag: none; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; user-select: text;"> information on her</span><span class="NormalTextRun SCXW121139493 BCX0" style="-webkit-tap-highlight-color: transparent; -webkit-user-drag: none; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; user-select: text;"> revenue. </span><span class="NormalTextRun SCXW121139493 BCX0" style="-webkit-tap-highlight-color: transparent; -webkit-user-drag: none; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; user-select: text;">They were </span><span class="NormalTextRun SCXW121139493 BCX0" style="-webkit-tap-highlight-color: transparent; -webkit-user-drag: none; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; user-select: text;">deceived</span><span class="NormalTextRun SCXW121139493 BCX0" style="-webkit-tap-highlight-color: transparent; -webkit-user-drag: none; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; user-select: text;"> by her </span><span class="NormalTextRun SCXW121139493 BCX0" style="-webkit-tap-highlight-color: transparent; -webkit-user-drag: none; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; user-select: text;">technology</span><span class="NormalTextRun SCXW121139493 BCX0" style="-webkit-tap-highlight-color: transparent; -webkit-user-drag: none; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; user-select: text;"> just as much as </span><span class="NormalTextRun SCXW121139493 BCX0" style="-webkit-tap-highlight-color: transparent; -webkit-user-drag: none; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; user-select: text;">society</span><span class="NormalTextRun SCXW121139493 BCX0" style="-webkit-tap-highlight-color: transparent; -webkit-user-drag: none; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; user-select: text;"> was. </span><span class="NormalTextRun SCXW121139493 BCX0" style="-webkit-tap-highlight-color: transparent; -webkit-user-drag: none; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; user-select: text;">When being a stakeholder for any type of company you should always have all the information and they have the right to ask any questions about the company.</span><span class="NormalTextRun SCXW121139493 BCX0" style="-webkit-tap-highlight-color: transparent; -webkit-user-drag: none; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; user-select: text;"> There were so many secrets that Holmes hid from them </span><span class="NormalTextRun SCXW121139493 BCX0" style="-webkit-tap-highlight-color: transparent; -webkit-user-drag: none; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; user-select: text;">that was not right.</span><span class="NormalTextRun SCXW121139493 BCX0" style="-webkit-tap-highlight-color: transparent; -webkit-user-drag: none; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; user-select: text;"> Some of her highest profile </span><span class="NormalTextRun SCXW121139493 BCX0" style="-webkit-tap-highlight-color: transparent; -webkit-user-drag: none; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; user-select: text;">stakeholders</span><span class="NormalTextRun SCXW121139493 BCX0" style="-webkit-tap-highlight-color: transparent; -webkit-user-drag: none; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; user-select: text;"> were Rupert </span><span class="NormalTextRun SCXW121139493 BCX0" style="-webkit-tap-highlight-color: transparent; -webkit-user-drag: none; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; user-select: text;">Murdoch, Tim Draper, Larry Ellison, and Walgreens</span><span class="NormalTextRun SCXW121139493 BCX0" style="-webkit-tap-highlight-color: transparent; -webkit-user-drag: none; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; user-select: text;">.</span><span class="NormalTextRun SCXW121139493 BCX0" style="-webkit-tap-highlight-color: transparent; -webkit-user-drag: none; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; user-select: text;"> </span></span><span class="EOP SCXW121139493 BCX0" data-ccp-props="{"201341983":0,"335559731":720,"335559739":160,"335559740":480}" style="-webkit-tap-highlight-color: transparent; -webkit-user-drag: none; font-family: "Times New Roman", "Times New Roman_EmbeddedFont", "Times New Roman_MSFontService", serif; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 36px; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; user-select: text;"> </span></p></div><div class="OutlineElement Ltr SCXW121139493 BCX0" style="-webkit-tap-highlight-color: transparent; -webkit-user-drag: none; clear: both; cursor: text; direction: ltr; font-family: "Segoe UI", "Segoe UI Web", Arial, Verdana, sans-serif; font-size: 12px; margin: 0px; overflow: visible; padding: 0px; position: relative; user-select: text;"><p class="Paragraph SCXW121139493 BCX0" paraeid="{a72c57b4-2b20-461d-94aa-387149286a0b}{141}" paraid="323127194" style="-webkit-tap-highlight-color: transparent; -webkit-user-drag: none; background-color: transparent; color: windowtext; font-kerning: none; margin: 0px; overflow-wrap: break-word; padding: 0px; text-indent: 48px; user-select: text; vertical-align: baseline; white-space: pre-wrap;"><span class="TextRun SCXW121139493 BCX0" data-contrast="auto" lang="EN-US" style="-webkit-tap-highlight-color: transparent; -webkit-user-drag: none; font-family: "Times New Roman", "Times New Roman_EmbeddedFont", "Times New Roman_MSFontService", serif; font-size: 12pt; font-variant-ligatures: none !important; line-height: 36px; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; user-select: text;" xml:lang="EN-US"><span class="NormalTextRun SCXW121139493 BCX0" style="-webkit-tap-highlight-color: transparent; -webkit-user-drag: none; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; user-select: text;">She not only gave investors false information about her </span><span class="NormalTextRun SCXW121139493 BCX0" style="-webkit-tap-highlight-color: transparent; -webkit-user-drag: none; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; user-select: text;">product,</span><span class="NormalTextRun SCXW121139493 BCX0" style="-webkit-tap-highlight-color: transparent; -webkit-user-drag: none; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; user-select: text;"> </span><span class="NormalTextRun SCXW121139493 BCX0" style="-webkit-tap-highlight-color: transparent; -webkit-user-drag: none; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; user-select: text;">but she</span><span class="NormalTextRun SCXW121139493 BCX0" style="-webkit-tap-highlight-color: transparent; -webkit-user-drag: none; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; user-select: text;"> also </span><span class="NormalTextRun SCXW121139493 BCX0" style="-webkit-tap-highlight-color: transparent; -webkit-user-drag: none; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; user-select: text;">jeopardized</span><span class="NormalTextRun SCXW121139493 BCX0" style="-webkit-tap-highlight-color: transparent; -webkit-user-drag: none; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; user-select: text;"> the health of individuals.</span><span class="NormalTextRun SCXW121139493 BCX0" style="-webkit-tap-highlight-color: transparent; -webkit-user-drag: none; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; user-select: text;"> </span><span class="NormalTextRun SCXW121139493 BCX0" style="-webkit-tap-highlight-color: transparent; -webkit-user-drag: none; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; user-select: text;">It </span><span class="NormalTextRun SCXW121139493 BCX0" style="-webkit-tap-highlight-color: transparent; -webkit-user-drag: none; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; user-select: text;">states</span><span class="NormalTextRun SCXW121139493 BCX0" style="-webkit-tap-highlight-color: transparent; -webkit-user-drag: none; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; user-select: text;"> that “A</span></span><span class="TextRun SCXW121139493 BCX0" data-contrast="none" lang="EN-US" style="-webkit-tap-highlight-color: transparent; -webkit-user-drag: none; font-family: "Times New Roman", "Times New Roman_EmbeddedFont", "Times New Roman_MSFontService", serif; font-size: 12pt; font-variant-ligatures: none !important; line-height: 36px; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; user-select: text;" xml:lang="EN-US"><span class="NormalTextRun SCXW121139493 BCX0" style="-webkit-tap-highlight-color: transparent; -webkit-user-drag: none; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; user-select: text;">ccording to the Journal, part of Holmes’ strategy was to secure investments from private donors as part of an effort to keep </span><span class="NormalTextRun SCXW121139493 BCX0" style="-webkit-tap-highlight-color: transparent; -webkit-user-drag: none; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; user-select: text;">Theranos</span><span class="NormalTextRun SCXW121139493 BCX0" style="-webkit-tap-highlight-color: transparent; -webkit-user-drag: none; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; user-select: text;"> a private company.”</span><span class="NormalTextRun SCXW121139493 BCX0" style="-webkit-tap-highlight-color: transparent; -webkit-user-drag: none; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; user-select: text;"> </span><span class="NormalTextRun SCXW121139493 BCX0" style="-webkit-tap-highlight-color: transparent; -webkit-user-drag: none; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; user-select: text;"> </span><span class="NormalTextRun SCXW121139493 BCX0" style="-webkit-tap-highlight-color: transparent; -webkit-user-drag: none; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; user-select: text;">(</span><span class="NormalTextRun SCXW121139493 BCX0" style="-webkit-tap-highlight-color: transparent; -webkit-user-drag: none; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; user-select: text;">K</span><span class="NormalTextRun SCXW121139493 BCX0" style="-webkit-tap-highlight-color: transparent; -webkit-user-drag: none; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; user-select: text;">eown).</span><span class="NormalTextRun SCXW121139493 BCX0" style="-webkit-tap-highlight-color: transparent; -webkit-user-drag: none; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; user-select: text;"> She was good at becoming close with her investors and making them trust her. She was smart and knew the type of people to </span><span class="NormalTextRun SCXW121139493 BCX0" style="-webkit-tap-highlight-color: transparent; -webkit-user-drag: none; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; user-select: text;">surround</span><span class="NormalTextRun SCXW121139493 BCX0" style="-webkit-tap-highlight-color: transparent; -webkit-user-drag: none; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; user-select: text;"> </span><span class="NormalTextRun SCXW121139493 BCX0" style="-webkit-tap-highlight-color: transparent; -webkit-user-drag: none; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; user-select: text;">herself</span><span class="NormalTextRun SCXW121139493 BCX0" style="-webkit-tap-highlight-color: transparent; -webkit-user-drag: none; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; user-select: text;"> </span><span class="NormalTextRun SCXW121139493 BCX0" style="-webkit-tap-highlight-color: transparent; -webkit-user-drag: none; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; user-select: text;">with</span><span class="NormalTextRun SCXW121139493 BCX0" style="-webkit-tap-highlight-color: transparent; -webkit-user-drag: none; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; user-select: text;"> would make her more </span><span class="NormalTextRun SCXW121139493 BCX0" style="-webkit-tap-highlight-color: transparent; -webkit-user-drag: none; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; user-select: text;">powerful.</span><span class="NormalTextRun SCXW121139493 BCX0" style="-webkit-tap-highlight-color: transparent; -webkit-user-drag: none; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; user-select: text;"> Yes, she was able to keep these investors close but by lying to the people she needed most to keep her business running. She clearly was not think</span><span class="NormalTextRun SCXW121139493 BCX0" style="-webkit-tap-highlight-color: transparent; -webkit-user-drag: none; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; user-select: text;">ing </span><span class="NormalTextRun SCXW121139493 BCX0" style="-webkit-tap-highlight-color: transparent; -webkit-user-drag: none; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; user-select: text;">about</span><span class="NormalTextRun SCXW121139493 BCX0" style="-webkit-tap-highlight-color: transparent; -webkit-user-drag: none; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; user-select: text;"> the interest of the </span><span class="NormalTextRun SCXW121139493 BCX0" style="-webkit-tap-highlight-color: transparent; -webkit-user-drag: none; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; user-select: text;">investors,</span><span class="NormalTextRun SCXW121139493 BCX0" style="-webkit-tap-highlight-color: transparent; -webkit-user-drag: none; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; user-select: text;"> she just wanted their money.</span></span><span class="EOP SCXW121139493 BCX0" data-ccp-props="{"201341983":0,"335559731":720,"335559739":160,"335559740":480}" style="-webkit-tap-highlight-color: transparent; -webkit-user-drag: none; font-family: "Times New Roman", "Times New Roman_EmbeddedFont", "Times New Roman_MSFontService", serif; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 36px; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; user-select: text;"> </span></p></div><div class="OutlineElement Ltr SCXW121139493 BCX0" style="-webkit-tap-highlight-color: transparent; -webkit-user-drag: none; clear: both; cursor: text; direction: ltr; font-family: "Segoe UI", "Segoe UI Web", Arial, Verdana, sans-serif; font-size: 12px; margin: 0px; overflow: visible; padding: 0px; position: relative; user-select: text;"><p class="Paragraph SCXW121139493 BCX0" paraeid="{a72c57b4-2b20-461d-94aa-387149286a0b}{214}" paraid="1526539158" style="-webkit-tap-highlight-color: transparent; -webkit-user-drag: none; background-color: transparent; color: windowtext; font-kerning: none; margin: 0px; overflow-wrap: break-word; padding: 0px; text-indent: 48px; user-select: text; vertical-align: baseline; white-space: pre-wrap;"><span class="TextRun SCXW121139493 BCX0" data-contrast="auto" lang="EN-US" style="-webkit-tap-highlight-color: transparent; -webkit-user-drag: none; font-family: "Times New Roman", "Times New Roman_EmbeddedFont", "Times New Roman_MSFontService", serif; font-size: 12pt; font-variant-ligatures: none !important; font-weight: bold; line-height: 36px; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; user-select: text;" xml:lang="EN-US">Individualism</span><span class="EOP SCXW121139493 BCX0" data-ccp-props="{"201341983":0,"335559731":720,"335559739":160,"335559740":480}" style="-webkit-tap-highlight-color: transparent; -webkit-user-drag: none; font-family: "Times New Roman", "Times New Roman_EmbeddedFont", "Times New Roman_MSFontService", serif; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 36px; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; user-select: text;"> </span></p></div><div class="OutlineElement Ltr SCXW121139493 BCX0" style="-webkit-tap-highlight-color: transparent; -webkit-user-drag: none; clear: both; cursor: text; direction: ltr; font-family: "Segoe UI", "Segoe UI Web", Arial, Verdana, sans-serif; font-size: 12px; margin: 0px; overflow: visible; padding: 0px; position: relative; user-select: text;"><p class="Paragraph SCXW121139493 BCX0" paraeid="{a72c57b4-2b20-461d-94aa-387149286a0b}{220}" paraid="1171106507" style="-webkit-tap-highlight-color: transparent; -webkit-user-drag: none; background-color: transparent; color: windowtext; font-kerning: none; margin: 0px; overflow-wrap: break-word; padding: 0px; text-indent: 48px; user-select: text; vertical-align: baseline; white-space: pre-wrap;"><span class="TextRun SCXW121139493 BCX0" data-contrast="auto" lang="EN-US" style="-webkit-tap-highlight-color: transparent; -webkit-user-drag: none; font-family: "Times New Roman", "Times New Roman_EmbeddedFont", "Times New Roman_MSFontService", serif; font-size: 12pt; font-variant-ligatures: none !important; line-height: 36px; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; user-select: text;" xml:lang="EN-US"><span class="NormalTextRun SCXW121139493 BCX0" style="-webkit-tap-highlight-color: transparent; -webkit-user-drag: none; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; user-select: text;"> Libertanism.org defines </span><span class="NormalTextRun SCXW121139493 BCX0" style="-webkit-tap-highlight-color: transparent; -webkit-user-drag: none; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; user-select: text;">I</span><span class="NormalTextRun SCXW121139493 BCX0" style="-webkit-tap-highlight-color: transparent; -webkit-user-drag: none; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; user-select: text;">ndividualism in </span><span class="NormalTextRun SCXW121139493 BCX0" style="-webkit-tap-highlight-color: transparent; -webkit-user-drag: none; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; user-select: text;">ethics</span><span class="NormalTextRun SCXW121139493 BCX0" style="-webkit-tap-highlight-color: transparent; -webkit-user-drag: none; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; user-select: text;"> </span><span class="NormalTextRun SCXW121139493 BCX0" style="-webkit-tap-highlight-color: transparent; -webkit-user-drag: none; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; user-select: text;">as </span><span class="NormalTextRun SCXW121139493 BCX0" style="-webkit-tap-highlight-color: transparent; -webkit-user-drag: none; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; user-select: text;">“</span></span><span class="TextRun SCXW121139493 BCX0" data-contrast="none" lang="EN-US" style="-webkit-tap-highlight-color: transparent; -webkit-user-drag: none; color: #202124; font-family: "Times New Roman", "Times New Roman_EmbeddedFont", "Times New Roman_MSFontService", serif; font-size: 12pt; font-variant-ligatures: none !important; line-height: 36px; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; user-select: text;" xml:lang="EN-US"><span class="NormalTextRun SCXW121139493 BCX0" style="-webkit-tap-highlight-color: transparent; -webkit-user-drag: none; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; user-select: text;">holds that the primary concern of morality is the individual, rather than </span><span class="NormalTextRun SCXW121139493 BCX0" style="-webkit-tap-highlight-color: transparent; -webkit-user-drag: none; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; user-select: text;">society, and</span><span class="NormalTextRun SCXW121139493 BCX0" style="-webkit-tap-highlight-color: transparent; -webkit-user-drag: none; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; user-select: text;"> that morality primarily concerns individual flourishing, rather than one's interactions with </span><span class="NormalTextRun SCXW121139493 BCX0" style="-webkit-tap-highlight-color: transparent; -webkit-user-drag: none; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; user-select: text;">others</span><span class="NormalTextRun SCXW121139493 BCX0" style="-webkit-tap-highlight-color: transparent; -webkit-user-drag: none; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; user-select: text;">.”</span><span class="NormalTextRun SCXW121139493 BCX0" style="-webkit-tap-highlight-color: transparent; -webkit-user-drag: none; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; user-select: text;"> Elizabeth</span><span class="NormalTextRun SCXW121139493 BCX0" style="-webkit-tap-highlight-color: transparent; -webkit-user-drag: none; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; user-select: text;"> Holmes was seen as a con</span><span class="NormalTextRun SCXW121139493 BCX0" style="-webkit-tap-highlight-color: transparent; -webkit-user-drag: none; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; user-select: text;">-</span><span class="NormalTextRun SCXW121139493 BCX0" style="-webkit-tap-highlight-color: transparent; -webkit-user-drag: none; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; user-select: text;">artist and a </span><span class="NormalTextRun SCXW121139493 BCX0" style="-webkit-tap-highlight-color: transparent; -webkit-user-drag: none; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; user-select: text;">woman</span><span class="NormalTextRun SCXW121139493 BCX0" style="-webkit-tap-highlight-color: transparent; -webkit-user-drag: none; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; user-select: text;"> who used her image to gain people</span><span class="NormalTextRun SCXW121139493 BCX0" style="-webkit-tap-highlight-color: transparent; -webkit-user-drag: none; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; user-select: text;">’s</span><span class="NormalTextRun SCXW121139493 BCX0" style="-webkit-tap-highlight-color: transparent; -webkit-user-drag: none; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; user-select: text;"> respect and </span><span class="NormalTextRun SCXW121139493 BCX0" style="-webkit-tap-highlight-color: transparent; -webkit-user-drag: none; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; user-select: text;">have </span><span class="NormalTextRun SCXW121139493 BCX0" style="-webkit-tap-highlight-color: transparent; -webkit-user-drag: none; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; user-select: text;">power over them. </span><span class="NormalTextRun SCXW121139493 BCX0" style="-webkit-tap-highlight-color: transparent; -webkit-user-drag: none; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; user-select: text;">She knew her drug testing product was a </span><span class="NormalTextRun SCXW121139493 BCX0" style="-webkit-tap-highlight-color: transparent; -webkit-user-drag: none; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; user-select: text;">failure</span><span class="NormalTextRun SCXW121139493 BCX0" style="-webkit-tap-highlight-color: transparent; -webkit-user-drag: none; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; user-select: text;"> but continued to gain investors by lying about the reality of the product.</span><span class="NormalTextRun SCXW121139493 BCX0" style="-webkit-tap-highlight-color: transparent; -webkit-user-drag: none; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; user-select: text;"> Holmes lived her life in secrecy </span><span class="NormalTextRun SCXW121139493 BCX0" style="-webkit-tap-highlight-color: transparent; -webkit-user-drag: none; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; user-select: text;">and paranoia because she knew what she was </span><span class="NormalTextRun SCXW121139493 BCX0" style="-webkit-tap-highlight-color: transparent; -webkit-user-drag: none; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; user-select: text;">hiding</span><span class="NormalTextRun SCXW121139493 BCX0" style="-webkit-tap-highlight-color: transparent; -webkit-user-drag: none; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; user-select: text;"> was just a matter of time before it was released.</span><span class="NormalTextRun SCXW121139493 BCX0" style="-webkit-tap-highlight-color: transparent; -webkit-user-drag: none; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; user-select: text;"> </span></span><span class="EOP SCXW121139493 BCX0" data-ccp-props="{"201341983":0,"335559731":720,"335559739":160,"335559740":480}" style="-webkit-tap-highlight-color: transparent; -webkit-user-drag: none; color: #202124; font-family: "Times New Roman", "Times New Roman_EmbeddedFont", "Times New Roman_MSFontService", serif; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 36px; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; user-select: text;"> </span></p></div><div class="OutlineElement Ltr SCXW121139493 BCX0" style="-webkit-tap-highlight-color: transparent; -webkit-user-drag: none; clear: both; cursor: text; direction: ltr; font-family: "Segoe UI", "Segoe UI Web", Arial, Verdana, sans-serif; font-size: 12px; margin: 0px; overflow: visible; padding: 0px; position: relative; user-select: text;"><p class="Paragraph SCXW121139493 BCX0" paraeid="{65be0531-f0ed-4808-ae4b-4e9b20a7cbef}{41}" paraid="2103944518" style="-webkit-tap-highlight-color: transparent; -webkit-user-drag: none; background-color: transparent; color: windowtext; font-kerning: none; margin: 0px; overflow-wrap: break-word; padding: 0px; text-indent: 48px; user-select: text; vertical-align: baseline; white-space: pre-wrap;"><span class="TextRun SCXW121139493 BCX0" data-contrast="none" lang="EN-US" style="-webkit-tap-highlight-color: transparent; -webkit-user-drag: none; color: #202124; font-family: "Times New Roman", "Times New Roman_EmbeddedFont", "Times New Roman_MSFontService", serif; font-size: 12pt; font-variant-ligatures: none !important; line-height: 36px; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; user-select: text;" xml:lang="EN-US"><span class="NormalTextRun SCXW121139493 BCX0" style="-webkit-tap-highlight-color: transparent; -webkit-user-drag: none; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; user-select: text;">Holmes</span><span class="NormalTextRun SCXW121139493 BCX0" style="-webkit-tap-highlight-color: transparent; -webkit-user-drag: none; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; user-select: text;"> should have used her platform to maximize her ability to help people instead of </span><span class="NormalTextRun SCXW121139493 BCX0" style="-webkit-tap-highlight-color: transparent; -webkit-user-drag: none; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; user-select: text;">manipulating them.</span><span class="NormalTextRun SCXW121139493 BCX0" style="-webkit-tap-highlight-color: transparent; -webkit-user-drag: none; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; user-select: text;"> </span><span class="NormalTextRun SCXW121139493 BCX0" style="-webkit-tap-highlight-color: transparent; -webkit-user-drag: none; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; user-select: text;">She was seen as being a feminist, but she used to be a female towards her advantage </span><span class="NormalTextRun SCXW121139493 BCX0" style="-webkit-tap-highlight-color: transparent; -webkit-user-drag: none; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; user-select: text;">that made people feel empathy for her throughout her trails.</span><span class="NormalTextRun SCXW121139493 BCX0" style="-webkit-tap-highlight-color: transparent; -webkit-user-drag: none; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; user-select: text;"> </span><span class="NormalTextRun SCXW121139493 BCX0" style="-webkit-tap-highlight-color: transparent; -webkit-user-drag: none; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; user-select: text;">Individualism is </span><span class="NormalTextRun SCXW121139493 BCX0" style="-webkit-tap-highlight-color: transparent; -webkit-user-drag: none; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; user-select: text;">being selfish, knowing what you should do to </span><span class="NormalTextRun SCXW121139493 BCX0" style="-webkit-tap-highlight-color: transparent; -webkit-user-drag: none; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; user-select: text;">help</span><span class="NormalTextRun SCXW121139493 BCX0" style="-webkit-tap-highlight-color: transparent; -webkit-user-drag: none; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; user-select: text;"> the company but choosing to do what you think is going to </span><span class="NormalTextRun SCXW121139493 BCX0" style="-webkit-tap-highlight-color: transparent; -webkit-user-drag: none; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; user-select: text;">benefit</span><span class="NormalTextRun SCXW121139493 BCX0" style="-webkit-tap-highlight-color: transparent; -webkit-user-drag: none; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; user-select: text;"> </span><span class="NormalTextRun SCXW121139493 BCX0" style="-webkit-tap-highlight-color: transparent; -webkit-user-drag: none; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; user-select: text;">yourself</span><span class="NormalTextRun SCXW121139493 BCX0" style="-webkit-tap-highlight-color: transparent; -webkit-user-drag: none; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; user-select: text;"> </span><span class="NormalTextRun SCXW121139493 BCX0" style="-webkit-tap-highlight-color: transparent; -webkit-user-drag: none; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; user-select: text;">instead</span><span class="NormalTextRun SCXW121139493 BCX0" style="-webkit-tap-highlight-color: transparent; -webkit-user-drag: none; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; user-select: text;">. </span><span class="NormalTextRun SCXW121139493 BCX0" style="-webkit-tap-highlight-color: transparent; -webkit-user-drag: none; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; user-select: text;">As it was said in an article written about her, “</span></span><span class="TextRun SCXW121139493 BCX0" data-contrast="none" lang="EN-US" style="-webkit-tap-highlight-color: transparent; -webkit-user-drag: none; font-family: "Times New Roman", "Times New Roman_EmbeddedFont", "Times New Roman_MSFontService", serif; font-size: 12pt; font-variant-ligatures: none !important; line-height: 36px; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; user-select: text;" xml:lang="EN-US">She </span><a class="Hyperlink SCXW121139493 BCX0" href="http://fortune.com/2015/12/10/elizabeth-holmes-sexism-theranos/" rel="noreferrer noopener" style="-webkit-tap-highlight-color: transparent; -webkit-user-drag: none; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; text-decoration-line: none; user-select: text;" target="_blank"><span class="TextRun Underlined SCXW121139493 BCX0" data-contrast="none" lang="EN-US" style="-webkit-tap-highlight-color: transparent; -webkit-user-drag: none; color: black; font-family: "Times New Roman", "Times New Roman_EmbeddedFont", "Times New Roman_MSFontService", serif; font-size: 12pt; font-variant-ligatures: none !important; line-height: 36px; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; text-decoration-line: underline; user-select: text;" xml:lang="EN-US"><span class="NormalTextRun SCXW121139493 BCX0" data-ccp-charstyle="Hyperlink" style="-webkit-tap-highlight-color: transparent; -webkit-user-drag: none; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; user-select: text;">relied on the language of gender </span></span></a><span class="TextRun SCXW121139493 BCX0" data-contrast="none" lang="EN-US" style="-webkit-tap-highlight-color: transparent; -webkit-user-drag: none; font-family: "Times New Roman", "Times New Roman_EmbeddedFont", "Times New Roman_MSFontService", serif; font-size: 12pt; font-variant-ligatures: none !important; line-height: 36px; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; user-select: text;" xml:lang="EN-US"><span class="NormalTextRun SCXW121139493 BCX0" style="-webkit-tap-highlight-color: transparent; -webkit-user-drag: none; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; user-select: text;">when it suited her, but set out to emulate Steve Jobs and amass as much personal power as possible.</span><span class="NormalTextRun SCXW121139493 BCX0" style="-webkit-tap-highlight-color: transparent; -webkit-user-drag: none; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; user-select: text;">”</span><span class="NormalTextRun SCXW121139493 BCX0" style="-webkit-tap-highlight-color: transparent; -webkit-user-drag: none; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; user-select: text;"> (</span><span class="NormalTextRun SCXW121139493 BCX0" style="-webkit-tap-highlight-color: transparent; -webkit-user-drag: none; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; user-select: text;">Sommer)</span><span class="NormalTextRun SCXW121139493 BCX0" style="-webkit-tap-highlight-color: transparent; -webkit-user-drag: none; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; user-select: text;">. This Shows just how selfish she was and how other people thought of her. </span><span class="NormalTextRun SCXW121139493 BCX0" style="-webkit-tap-highlight-color: transparent; -webkit-user-drag: none; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; user-select: text;">It is</span><span class="NormalTextRun SCXW121139493 BCX0" style="-webkit-tap-highlight-color: transparent; -webkit-user-drag: none; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; user-select: text;"> simple to understand </span><span class="NormalTextRun SCXW121139493 BCX0" style="-webkit-tap-highlight-color: transparent; -webkit-user-drag: none; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; user-select: text;">that you should not use your gender to gain </span><span class="NormalTextRun SCXW121139493 BCX0" style="-webkit-tap-highlight-color: transparent; -webkit-user-drag: none; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; user-select: text;">respect,</span><span class="NormalTextRun SCXW121139493 BCX0" style="-webkit-tap-highlight-color: transparent; -webkit-user-drag: none; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; user-select: text;"> instead follow the moral principles to gain </span><span class="NormalTextRun SCXW121139493 BCX0" style="-webkit-tap-highlight-color: transparent; -webkit-user-drag: none; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; user-select: text;">people's</span><span class="NormalTextRun SCXW121139493 BCX0" style="-webkit-tap-highlight-color: transparent; -webkit-user-drag: none; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; user-select: text;"> respect towards you. She did not act in </span><span class="NormalTextRun SCXW121139493 BCX0" style="-webkit-tap-highlight-color: transparent; -webkit-user-drag: none; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; user-select: text;">moral</span><span class="NormalTextRun SCXW121139493 BCX0" style="-webkit-tap-highlight-color: transparent; -webkit-user-drag: none; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; user-select: text;"> ways so using her profile to her </span><span class="NormalTextRun SCXW121139493 BCX0" style="-webkit-tap-highlight-color: transparent; -webkit-user-drag: none; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; user-select: text;">advantage</span><span class="NormalTextRun SCXW121139493 BCX0" style="-webkit-tap-highlight-color: transparent; -webkit-user-drag: none; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; user-select: text;"> was what sh</span><span class="NormalTextRun SCXW121139493 BCX0" style="-webkit-tap-highlight-color: transparent; -webkit-user-drag: none; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; user-select: text;">e decided to do.</span><span class="NormalTextRun SCXW121139493 BCX0" style="-webkit-tap-highlight-color: transparent; -webkit-user-drag: none; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; user-select: text;"> Her expectation was to be a leader and someone to look up to for other women </span><span class="NormalTextRun SCXW121139493 BCX0" style="-webkit-tap-highlight-color: transparent; -webkit-user-drag: none; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; user-select: text;">who saw her as </span><span class="NormalTextRun SCXW121139493 BCX0" style="-webkit-tap-highlight-color: transparent; -webkit-user-drag: none; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; user-select: text;">a tremendous success</span><span class="NormalTextRun SCXW121139493 BCX0" style="-webkit-tap-highlight-color: transparent; -webkit-user-drag: none; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; user-select: text;">, but she took advantage of her power in the wrong ways.</span></span><span class="EOP SCXW121139493 BCX0" data-ccp-props="{"201341983":0,"335559731":720,"335559739":160,"335559740":480}" style="-webkit-tap-highlight-color: transparent; -webkit-user-drag: none; font-family: "Times New Roman", "Times New Roman_EmbeddedFont", "Times New Roman_MSFontService", serif; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 36px; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; user-select: text;"> </span></p></div><div class="OutlineElement Ltr SCXW121139493 BCX0" style="-webkit-tap-highlight-color: transparent; -webkit-user-drag: none; clear: both; cursor: text; direction: ltr; font-family: "Segoe UI", "Segoe UI Web", Arial, Verdana, sans-serif; font-size: 12px; margin: 0px; overflow: visible; padding: 0px; position: relative; user-select: text;"><p class="Paragraph SCXW121139493 BCX0" paraeid="{65be0531-f0ed-4808-ae4b-4e9b20a7cbef}{137}" paraid="995199260" style="-webkit-tap-highlight-color: transparent; -webkit-user-drag: none; background-color: transparent; color: windowtext; font-kerning: none; margin: 0px; overflow-wrap: break-word; padding: 0px; text-indent: 48px; user-select: text; vertical-align: baseline; white-space: pre-wrap;"><span class="TextRun SCXW121139493 BCX0" data-contrast="none" lang="EN-US" style="-webkit-tap-highlight-color: transparent; -webkit-user-drag: none; color: #202124; font-family: "Times New Roman", "Times New Roman_EmbeddedFont", "Times New Roman_MSFontService", serif; font-size: 12pt; font-variant-ligatures: none !important; font-weight: bold; line-height: 36px; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; user-select: text;" xml:lang="EN-US">Kantianism</span><span class="EOP SCXW121139493 BCX0" data-ccp-props="{"201341983":0,"335559731":720,"335559739":160,"335559740":480}" style="-webkit-tap-highlight-color: transparent; -webkit-user-drag: none; color: #202124; font-family: "Times New Roman", "Times New Roman_EmbeddedFont", "Times New Roman_MSFontService", serif; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 36px; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; user-select: text;"> </span></p></div><div class="OutlineElement Ltr SCXW121139493 BCX0" style="-webkit-tap-highlight-color: transparent; -webkit-user-drag: none; clear: both; cursor: text; direction: ltr; font-family: "Segoe UI", "Segoe UI Web", Arial, Verdana, sans-serif; font-size: 12px; margin: 0px; overflow: visible; padding: 0px; position: relative; user-select: text;"><p class="Paragraph SCXW121139493 BCX0" paraeid="{65be0531-f0ed-4808-ae4b-4e9b20a7cbef}{143}" paraid="1114767424" style="-webkit-tap-highlight-color: transparent; -webkit-user-drag: none; background-color: transparent; color: windowtext; font-kerning: none; margin: 0px; overflow-wrap: break-word; padding: 0px; text-indent: 48px; user-select: text; vertical-align: baseline; white-space: pre-wrap;"><span class="TextRun SCXW121139493 BCX0" data-contrast="none" lang="EN-US" style="-webkit-tap-highlight-color: transparent; -webkit-user-drag: none; color: #202124; font-family: "Times New Roman", "Times New Roman_EmbeddedFont", "Times New Roman_MSFontService", serif; font-size: 12pt; font-variant-ligatures: none !important; line-height: 36px; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; user-select: text;" xml:lang="EN-US"><span class="NormalTextRun SCXW121139493 BCX0" style="-webkit-tap-highlight-color: transparent; -webkit-user-drag: none; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; user-select: text;"> When talking about ethics </span><span class="NormalTextRun SCXW121139493 BCX0" style="-webkit-tap-highlight-color: transparent; -webkit-user-drag: none; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; user-select: text;">Kantianism </span><span class="NormalTextRun SCXW121139493 BCX0" style="-webkit-tap-highlight-color: transparent; -webkit-user-drag: none; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; user-select: text;">is </span><span class="NormalTextRun SCXW121139493 BCX0" style="-webkit-tap-highlight-color: transparent; -webkit-user-drag: none; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; user-select: text;">“</span><span class="NormalTextRun SCXW121139493 BCX0" style="-webkit-tap-highlight-color: transparent; -webkit-user-drag: none; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; user-select: text;">a set of universal moral principles that </span><span class="NormalTextRun SCXW121139493 BCX0" style="-webkit-tap-highlight-color: transparent; -webkit-user-drag: none; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; user-select: text;">apply</span><span class="NormalTextRun SCXW121139493 BCX0" style="-webkit-tap-highlight-color: transparent; -webkit-user-drag: none; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; user-select: text;"> to all human beings rega</span><span class="NormalTextRun SCXW121139493 BCX0" style="-webkit-tap-highlight-color: transparent; -webkit-user-drag: none; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; user-select: text;">rdless of all </span><span class="NormalTextRun SCXW121139493 BCX0" style="-webkit-tap-highlight-color: transparent; -webkit-user-drag: none; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; user-select: text;">contexts</span><span class="NormalTextRun SCXW121139493 BCX0" style="-webkit-tap-highlight-color: transparent; -webkit-user-drag: none; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; user-select: text;"> or </span><span class="NormalTextRun SCXW121139493 BCX0" style="-webkit-tap-highlight-color: transparent; -webkit-user-drag: none; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; user-select: text;">situations</span><span class="NormalTextRun SCXW121139493 BCX0" style="-webkit-tap-highlight-color: transparent; -webkit-user-drag: none; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; user-select: text;">.” (</span><span class="NormalTextRun SCXW121139493 BCX0" style="-webkit-tap-highlight-color: transparent; -webkit-user-drag: none; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; user-select: text;">CFI </span><span class="NormalTextRun SCXW121139493 BCX0" style="-webkit-tap-highlight-color: transparent; -webkit-user-drag: none; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; user-select: text;">Team) Elizabeth</span><span class="NormalTextRun SCXW121139493 BCX0" style="-webkit-tap-highlight-color: transparent; -webkit-user-drag: none; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; user-select: text;"> Holmes's actions </span><span class="NormalTextRun SCXW121139493 BCX0" style="-webkit-tap-highlight-color: transparent; -webkit-user-drag: none; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; user-select: text;">are not </span><span class="NormalTextRun SCXW121139493 BCX0" style="-webkit-tap-highlight-color: transparent; -webkit-user-drag: none; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; user-select: text;">ethical when</span><span class="NormalTextRun SCXW121139493 BCX0" style="-webkit-tap-highlight-color: transparent; -webkit-user-drag: none; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; user-select: text;"> talking about</span><span class="NormalTextRun SCXW121139493 BCX0" style="-webkit-tap-highlight-color: transparent; -webkit-user-drag: none; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; user-select: text;"> how she </span><span class="NormalTextRun SCXW121139493 BCX0" style="-webkit-tap-highlight-color: transparent; -webkit-user-drag: none; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; user-select: text;">got her company to be worth billions and</span><span class="NormalTextRun SCXW121139493 BCX0" style="-webkit-tap-highlight-color: transparent; -webkit-user-drag: none; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; user-select: text;"> how she considered </span><span class="NormalTextRun SCXW121139493 BCX0" style="-webkit-tap-highlight-color: transparent; -webkit-user-drag: none; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; user-select: text;">herself successful</span><span class="NormalTextRun SCXW121139493 BCX0" style="-webkit-tap-highlight-color: transparent; -webkit-user-drag: none; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; user-select: text;">. </span><span class="NormalTextRun SCXW121139493 BCX0" style="-webkit-tap-highlight-color: transparent; -webkit-user-drag: none; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; user-select: text;">When it comes to making </span><span class="NormalTextRun SCXW121139493 BCX0" style="-webkit-tap-highlight-color: transparent; -webkit-user-drag: none; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; user-select: text;">decisions</span><span class="NormalTextRun SCXW121139493 BCX0" style="-webkit-tap-highlight-color: transparent; -webkit-user-drag: none; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; user-select: text;"> based on </span><span class="NormalTextRun SCXW121139493 BCX0" style="-webkit-tap-highlight-color: transparent; -webkit-user-drag: none; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; user-select: text;">success, one</span><span class="NormalTextRun SCXW121139493 BCX0" style="-webkit-tap-highlight-color: transparent; -webkit-user-drag: none; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; user-select: text;"> should look </span><span class="NormalTextRun SCXW121139493 BCX0" style="-webkit-tap-highlight-color: transparent; -webkit-user-drag: none; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; user-select: text;">at </span><span class="NormalTextRun SCXW121139493 BCX0" style="-webkit-tap-highlight-color: transparent; -webkit-user-drag: none; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; user-select: text;">what is</span><span class="NormalTextRun SCXW121139493 BCX0" style="-webkit-tap-highlight-color: transparent; -webkit-user-drag: none; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; user-select: text;"> going to be the right move through</span><span class="NormalTextRun SCXW121139493 BCX0" style="-webkit-tap-highlight-color: transparent; -webkit-user-drag: none; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; user-select: text;"> other </span><span class="NormalTextRun SCXW121139493 BCX0" style="-webkit-tap-highlight-color: transparent; -webkit-user-drag: none; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; user-select: text;">people's</span><span class="NormalTextRun SCXW121139493 BCX0" style="-webkit-tap-highlight-color: transparent; -webkit-user-drag: none; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; user-select: text;"> view not your own </span><span class="NormalTextRun SCXW121139493 BCX0" style="-webkit-tap-highlight-color: transparent; -webkit-user-drag: none; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; user-select: text;">self's</span><span class="NormalTextRun SCXW121139493 BCX0" style="-webkit-tap-highlight-color: transparent; -webkit-user-drag: none; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; user-select: text;"> </span><span class="NormalTextRun SCXW121139493 BCX0" style="-webkit-tap-highlight-color: transparent; -webkit-user-drag: none; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; user-select: text;">perspective</span><span class="NormalTextRun SCXW121139493 BCX0" style="-webkit-tap-highlight-color: transparent; -webkit-user-drag: none; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; user-select: text;">. </span><span class="NormalTextRun SCXW121139493 BCX0" style="-webkit-tap-highlight-color: transparent; -webkit-user-drag: none; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; user-select: text;">There </span><span class="NormalTextRun SCXW121139493 BCX0" style="-webkit-tap-highlight-color: transparent; -webkit-user-drag: none; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; user-select: text;">are</span><span class="NormalTextRun SCXW121139493 BCX0" style="-webkit-tap-highlight-color: transparent; -webkit-user-drag: none; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; user-select: text;"> </span><span class="NormalTextRun SCXW121139493 BCX0" style="-webkit-tap-highlight-color: transparent; -webkit-user-drag: none; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; user-select: text;">rules that need to be followed through all </span><span class="NormalTextRun SCXW121139493 BCX0" style="-webkit-tap-highlight-color: transparent; -webkit-user-drag: none; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; user-select: text;">business</span><span class="NormalTextRun SCXW121139493 BCX0" style="-webkit-tap-highlight-color: transparent; -webkit-user-drag: none; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; user-select: text;"> no matter the situation. Holmes broke these rules.</span><span class="NormalTextRun SCXW121139493 BCX0" style="-webkit-tap-highlight-color: transparent; -webkit-user-drag: none; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; user-select: text;"> </span><span class="NormalTextRun SCXW121139493 BCX0" style="-webkit-tap-highlight-color: transparent; -webkit-user-drag: none; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; user-select: text;">Her motive was </span><span class="NormalTextRun SCXW121139493 BCX0" style="-webkit-tap-highlight-color: transparent; -webkit-user-drag: none; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; user-select: text;">not always</span><span class="NormalTextRun SCXW121139493 BCX0" style="-webkit-tap-highlight-color: transparent; -webkit-user-drag: none; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; user-select: text;"> </span><span class="NormalTextRun SCXW121139493 BCX0" style="-webkit-tap-highlight-color: transparent; -webkit-user-drag: none; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; user-select: text;">to break rules, but after a few issues, she thought there was no other way than to lie to the public.</span><span class="NormalTextRun SCXW121139493 BCX0" style="-webkit-tap-highlight-color: transparent; -webkit-user-drag: none; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; user-select: text;"> She was </span><span class="NormalTextRun SCXW121139493 BCX0" style="-webkit-tap-highlight-color: transparent; -webkit-user-drag: none; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; user-select: text;">held</span><span class="NormalTextRun SCXW121139493 BCX0" style="-webkit-tap-highlight-color: transparent; -webkit-user-drag: none; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; user-select: text;"> </span><span class="NormalTextRun SCXW121139493 BCX0" style="-webkit-tap-highlight-color: transparent; -webkit-user-drag: none; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; user-select: text;">by</span><span class="NormalTextRun SCXW121139493 BCX0" style="-webkit-tap-highlight-color: transparent; -webkit-user-drag: none; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; user-select: text;"> such a high standard in the public eye but that </span><span class="NormalTextRun SCXW121139493 BCX0" style="-webkit-tap-highlight-color: transparent; -webkit-user-drag: none; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; user-select: text;">only pushed</span><span class="NormalTextRun SCXW121139493 BCX0" style="-webkit-tap-highlight-color: transparent; -webkit-user-drag: none; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; user-select: text;"> her in the wrong direction. She was </span><span class="NormalTextRun SCXW121139493 BCX0" style="-webkit-tap-highlight-color: transparent; -webkit-user-drag: none; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; user-select: text;">such</span><span class="NormalTextRun SCXW121139493 BCX0" style="-webkit-tap-highlight-color: transparent; -webkit-user-drag: none; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; user-select: text;"> role model </span><span class="NormalTextRun SCXW121139493 BCX0" style="-webkit-tap-highlight-color: transparent; -webkit-user-drag: none; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; user-select: text;">towards</span><span class="NormalTextRun SCXW121139493 BCX0" style="-webkit-tap-highlight-color: transparent; -webkit-user-drag: none; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; user-select: text;"> women</span><span class="NormalTextRun SCXW121139493 BCX0" style="-webkit-tap-highlight-color: transparent; -webkit-user-drag: none; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; user-select: text;"> which made them choice to trust her. </span><span class="NormalTextRun SCXW121139493 BCX0" style="-webkit-tap-highlight-color: transparent; -webkit-user-drag: none; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; user-select: text;">When you are a </span><span class="NormalTextRun SCXW121139493 BCX0" style="-webkit-tap-highlight-color: transparent; -webkit-user-drag: none; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; user-select: text;">woman</span><span class="NormalTextRun SCXW121139493 BCX0" style="-webkit-tap-highlight-color: transparent; -webkit-user-drag: none; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; user-select: text;"> that has so much power over others you can begin to feel like the universal moral principles </span><span class="NormalTextRun SCXW121139493 BCX0" style="-webkit-tap-highlight-color: transparent; -webkit-user-drag: none; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; user-select: text;">do not</span><span class="NormalTextRun SCXW121139493 BCX0" style="-webkit-tap-highlight-color: transparent; -webkit-user-drag: none; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; user-select: text;"> apply to you.</span><span class="NormalTextRun SCXW121139493 BCX0" style="-webkit-tap-highlight-color: transparent; -webkit-user-drag: none; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; user-select: text;"> </span></span><span class="EOP SCXW121139493 BCX0" data-ccp-props="{"201341983":0,"335559731":720,"335559739":160,"335559740":480}" style="-webkit-tap-highlight-color: transparent; -webkit-user-drag: none; color: #202124; font-family: "Times New Roman", "Times New Roman_EmbeddedFont", "Times New Roman_MSFontService", serif; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 36px; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; user-select: text;"> </span></p></div><div class="OutlineElement Ltr SCXW121139493 BCX0" style="-webkit-tap-highlight-color: transparent; -webkit-user-drag: none; clear: both; cursor: text; direction: ltr; font-family: "Segoe UI", "Segoe UI Web", Arial, Verdana, sans-serif; font-size: 12px; margin: 0px; overflow: visible; padding: 0px; position: relative; user-select: text;"><p class="Paragraph SCXW121139493 BCX0" paraeid="{9724777b-6d93-4c6e-9852-e6f2d2936884}{43}" paraid="521431474" style="-webkit-tap-highlight-color: transparent; -webkit-user-drag: none; background-color: transparent; color: windowtext; font-kerning: none; margin: 0px; overflow-wrap: break-word; padding: 0px; text-indent: 48px; user-select: text; vertical-align: baseline; white-space: pre-wrap;"><span class="TextRun SCXW121139493 BCX0" data-contrast="none" lang="EN-US" style="-webkit-tap-highlight-color: transparent; -webkit-user-drag: none; color: #202124; font-family: "Times New Roman", "Times New Roman_EmbeddedFont", "Times New Roman_MSFontService", serif; font-size: 12pt; font-variant-ligatures: none !important; line-height: 36px; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; user-select: text;" xml:lang="EN-US"><span class="NormalTextRun SCXW121139493 BCX0" style="-webkit-tap-highlight-color: transparent; -webkit-user-drag: none; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; user-select: text;"> You start to see how unmoral she was throughout her documentary when she decided to opt out of any unbiased scientific re</span><span class="NormalTextRun SCXW121139493 BCX0" style="-webkit-tap-highlight-color: transparent; -webkit-user-drag: none; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; user-select: text;">view of her product in fear of customers finding out that her product </span><span class="NormalTextRun SCXW121139493 BCX0" style="-webkit-tap-highlight-color: transparent; -webkit-user-drag: none; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; user-select: text;">was not</span><span class="NormalTextRun SCXW121139493 BCX0" style="-webkit-tap-highlight-color: transparent; -webkit-user-drag: none; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; user-select: text;"> giving them </span><span class="NormalTextRun SCXW121139493 BCX0" style="-webkit-tap-highlight-color: transparent; -webkit-user-drag: none; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; user-select: text;">accurate</span><span class="NormalTextRun SCXW121139493 BCX0" style="-webkit-tap-highlight-color: transparent; -webkit-user-drag: none; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; user-select: text;"> </span><span class="NormalTextRun SCXW121139493 BCX0" style="-webkit-tap-highlight-color: transparent; -webkit-user-drag: none; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; user-select: text;">results</span><span class="NormalTextRun SCXW121139493 BCX0" style="-webkit-tap-highlight-color: transparent; -webkit-user-drag: none; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; user-select: text;">.</span><span class="NormalTextRun SCXW121139493 BCX0" style="-webkit-tap-highlight-color: transparent; -webkit-user-drag: none; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; user-select: text;"> She used manipulation to make people believe </span><span class="NormalTextRun SCXW121139493 BCX0" style="-webkit-tap-highlight-color: transparent; -webkit-user-drag: none; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; user-select: text;">Theranos</span><span class="NormalTextRun SCXW121139493 BCX0" style="-webkit-tap-highlight-color: transparent; -webkit-user-drag: none; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; user-select: text;"> was </span><span class="NormalTextRun SCXW121139493 BCX0" style="-webkit-tap-highlight-color: transparent; -webkit-user-drag: none; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; user-select: text;">correct</span><span class="NormalTextRun SCXW121139493 BCX0" style="-webkit-tap-highlight-color: transparent; -webkit-user-drag: none; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; user-select: text;"> and real.</span><span class="NormalTextRun SCXW121139493 BCX0" style="-webkit-tap-highlight-color: transparent; -webkit-user-drag: none; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; user-select: text;"> </span><span class="NormalTextRun SCXW121139493 BCX0" style="-webkit-tap-highlight-color: transparent; -webkit-user-drag: none; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; user-select: text;">It took until her getting caught to admit </span><span class="NormalTextRun SCXW121139493 BCX0" style="-webkit-tap-highlight-color: transparent; -webkit-user-drag: none; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; user-select: text;">what</span><span class="NormalTextRun SCXW121139493 BCX0" style="-webkit-tap-highlight-color: transparent; -webkit-user-drag: none; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; user-select: text;"> she had done, but she made it seem she never did anything morally wrong.</span><span class="NormalTextRun SCXW121139493 BCX0" style="-webkit-tap-highlight-color: transparent; -webkit-user-drag: none; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; user-select: text;"> Many employees spoke up about feeling they were being used in this process </span><span class="NormalTextRun SCXW121139493 BCX0" style="-webkit-tap-highlight-color: transparent; -webkit-user-drag: none; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; user-select: text;">to</span><span class="NormalTextRun SCXW121139493 BCX0" style="-webkit-tap-highlight-color: transparent; -webkit-user-drag: none; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; user-select: text;"> </span><span class="NormalTextRun SCXW121139493 BCX0" style="-webkit-tap-highlight-color: transparent; -webkit-user-drag: none; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; user-select: text;">benefit</span><span class="NormalTextRun SCXW121139493 BCX0" style="-webkit-tap-highlight-color: transparent; -webkit-user-drag: none; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; user-select: text;"> Holmes</span><span class="NormalTextRun SCXW121139493 BCX0" style="-webkit-tap-highlight-color: transparent; -webkit-user-drag: none; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; user-select: text;">.</span><span class="NormalTextRun SCXW121139493 BCX0" style="-webkit-tap-highlight-color: transparent; -webkit-user-drag: none; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; user-select: text;"> </span><span class="NormalTextRun SCXW121139493 BCX0" style="-webkit-tap-highlight-color: transparent; -webkit-user-drag: none; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; user-select: text;">Her </span><span class="NormalTextRun SCXW121139493 BCX0" style="-webkit-tap-highlight-color: transparent; -webkit-user-drag: none; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; user-select: text;">morals are unacceptable and unethical in so many ways. </span><span class="NormalTextRun SCXW121139493 BCX0" style="-webkit-tap-highlight-color: transparent; -webkit-user-drag: none; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; user-select: text;">It is</span><span class="NormalTextRun SCXW121139493 BCX0" style="-webkit-tap-highlight-color: transparent; -webkit-user-drag: none; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; user-select: text;"> interesting when you hear that she kept so much information hidden and never answered certain questions asked about the technology</span><span class="NormalTextRun SCXW121139493 BCX0" style="-webkit-tap-highlight-color: transparent; -webkit-user-drag: none; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; user-select: text;">. You can begin to qu</span><span class="NormalTextRun SCXW121139493 BCX0" style="-webkit-tap-highlight-color: transparent; -webkit-user-drag: none; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; user-select: text;">estion why it </span><span class="NormalTextRun SCXW121139493 BCX0" style="-webkit-tap-highlight-color: transparent; -webkit-user-drag: none; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; user-select: text;">was not</span><span class="NormalTextRun SCXW121139493 BCX0" style="-webkit-tap-highlight-color: transparent; -webkit-user-drag: none; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; user-select: text;"> talked about sooner but the only reasonable explanation you can get was that her standard was set so high that no one thought she would do anything like this.</span><span class="NormalTextRun SCXW121139493 BCX0" style="-webkit-tap-highlight-color: transparent; -webkit-user-drag: none; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; user-select: text;"> Her unethical behavior was not one to be let go of and if only it was found out sooner it would</span><span class="NormalTextRun SCXW121139493 BCX0" style="-webkit-tap-highlight-color: transparent; -webkit-user-drag: none; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; user-select: text;"> not have affected so many people</span><span class="NormalTextRun SCXW121139493 BCX0" style="-webkit-tap-highlight-color: transparent; -webkit-user-drag: none; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; user-select: text;">.</span></span><span class="EOP SCXW121139493 BCX0" data-ccp-props="{"201341983":0,"335559731":720,"335559739":160,"335559740":480}" style="-webkit-tap-highlight-color: transparent; -webkit-user-drag: none; color: #202124; font-family: "Times New Roman", "Times New Roman_EmbeddedFont", "Times New Roman_MSFontService", serif; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 36px; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; user-select: text;"> </span></p></div><div class="OutlineElement Ltr SCXW121139493 BCX0" style="-webkit-tap-highlight-color: transparent; -webkit-user-drag: none; clear: both; cursor: text; direction: ltr; font-family: "Segoe UI", "Segoe UI Web", Arial, Verdana, sans-serif; font-size: 12px; margin: 0px; overflow: visible; padding: 0px; position: relative; user-select: text;"><p class="Paragraph SCXW121139493 BCX0" paraeid="{9724777b-6d93-4c6e-9852-e6f2d2936884}{130}" paraid="865052340" style="-webkit-tap-highlight-color: transparent; -webkit-user-drag: none; background-color: transparent; color: windowtext; font-kerning: none; margin: 0px; overflow-wrap: break-word; padding: 0px; text-indent: 48px; user-select: text; vertical-align: baseline; white-space: pre-wrap;"><span class="TextRun SCXW121139493 BCX0" data-contrast="none" lang="EN-US" style="-webkit-tap-highlight-color: transparent; -webkit-user-drag: none; color: #202124; font-family: "Times New Roman", "Times New Roman_EmbeddedFont", "Times New Roman_MSFontService", serif; font-size: 12pt; font-variant-ligatures: none !important; font-weight: bold; line-height: 36px; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; user-select: text;" xml:lang="EN-US"><span class="NormalTextRun SCXW121139493 BCX0" style="-webkit-tap-highlight-color: transparent; -webkit-user-drag: none; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; user-select: text;">Virtue </span><span class="NormalTextRun SCXW121139493 BCX0" style="-webkit-tap-highlight-color: transparent; -webkit-user-drag: none; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; user-select: text;">Theory </span></span><span class="EOP SCXW121139493 BCX0" data-ccp-props="{"201341983":0,"335559731":720,"335559739":160,"335559740":480}" style="-webkit-tap-highlight-color: transparent; -webkit-user-drag: none; color: #202124; font-family: "Times New Roman", "Times New Roman_EmbeddedFont", "Times New Roman_MSFontService", serif; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 36px; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; user-select: text;"> </span></p></div><div class="OutlineElement Ltr SCXW121139493 BCX0" style="-webkit-tap-highlight-color: transparent; -webkit-user-drag: none; clear: both; cursor: text; direction: ltr; font-family: "Segoe UI", "Segoe UI Web", Arial, Verdana, sans-serif; font-size: 12px; margin: 0px; overflow: visible; padding: 0px; position: relative; user-select: text;"><p class="Paragraph SCXW121139493 BCX0" paraeid="{9724777b-6d93-4c6e-9852-e6f2d2936884}{141}" paraid="113505542" style="-webkit-tap-highlight-color: transparent; -webkit-user-drag: none; background-color: transparent; color: windowtext; font-kerning: none; margin: 0px; overflow-wrap: break-word; padding: 0px; text-indent: 48px; user-select: text; vertical-align: baseline; white-space: pre-wrap;"><span class="TextRun SCXW121139493 BCX0" data-contrast="none" lang="EN-US" style="-webkit-tap-highlight-color: transparent; -webkit-user-drag: none; color: #202124; font-family: "Times New Roman", "Times New Roman_EmbeddedFont", "Times New Roman_MSFontService", serif; font-size: 12pt; font-variant-ligatures: none !important; line-height: 36px; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; user-select: text;" xml:lang="EN-US"><span class="NormalTextRun SCXW121139493 BCX0" style="-webkit-tap-highlight-color: transparent; -webkit-user-drag: none; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; user-select: text;">The virtue theory </span><span class="NormalTextRun SCXW121139493 BCX0" style="-webkit-tap-highlight-color: transparent; -webkit-user-drag: none; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; user-select: text;">in</span><span class="NormalTextRun SCXW121139493 BCX0" style="-webkit-tap-highlight-color: transparent; -webkit-user-drag: none; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; user-select: text;"> </span><span class="NormalTextRun SCXW121139493 BCX0" style="-webkit-tap-highlight-color: transparent; -webkit-user-drag: none; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; user-select: text;">ethics</span><span class="NormalTextRun SCXW121139493 BCX0" style="-webkit-tap-highlight-color: transparent; -webkit-user-drag: none; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; user-select: text;"> </span><span class="NormalTextRun SCXW121139493 BCX0" style="-webkit-tap-highlight-color: transparent; -webkit-user-drag: none; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; user-select: text;">is defined as</span><span class="NormalTextRun SCXW121139493 BCX0" style="-webkit-tap-highlight-color: transparent; -webkit-user-drag: none; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; user-select: text;"> </span><span class="NormalTextRun SCXW121139493 BCX0" style="-webkit-tap-highlight-color: transparent; -webkit-user-drag: none; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; user-select: text;">“</span><span class="NormalTextRun SCXW121139493 BCX0" style="-webkit-tap-highlight-color: transparent; -webkit-user-drag: none; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; user-select: text;">doing</span><span class="NormalTextRun SCXW121139493 BCX0" style="-webkit-tap-highlight-color: transparent; -webkit-user-drag: none; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; user-select: text;"> someone </span><span class="NormalTextRun SCXW121139493 BCX0" style="-webkit-tap-highlight-color: transparent; -webkit-user-drag: none; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; user-select: text;">else's</span><span class="NormalTextRun SCXW121139493 BCX0" style="-webkit-tap-highlight-color: transparent; -webkit-user-drag: none; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; user-select: text;"> duties or acting as they say to you </span><span class="NormalTextRun SCXW121139493 BCX0" style="-webkit-tap-highlight-color: transparent; -webkit-user-drag: none; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; user-select: text;">following</span><span class="NormalTextRun SCXW121139493 BCX0" style="-webkit-tap-highlight-color: transparent; -webkit-user-drag: none; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; user-select: text;"> </span><span class="NormalTextRun SCXW121139493 BCX0" style="-webkit-tap-highlight-color: transparent; -webkit-user-drag: none; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; user-select: text;">your own morals </span><span class="NormalTextRun SCXW121139493 BCX0" style="-webkit-tap-highlight-color: transparent; -webkit-user-drag: none; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; user-select: text;">towards</span><span class="NormalTextRun SCXW121139493 BCX0" style="-webkit-tap-highlight-color: transparent; -webkit-user-drag: none; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; user-select: text;"> what you think is right</span><span class="NormalTextRun SCXW121139493 BCX0" style="-webkit-tap-highlight-color: transparent; -webkit-user-drag: none; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; user-select: text;">.”</span><span class="NormalTextRun SCXW121139493 BCX0" style="-webkit-tap-highlight-color: transparent; -webkit-user-drag: none; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; user-select: text;"> Simply </span><span class="NormalTextRun SCXW121139493 BCX0" style="-webkit-tap-highlight-color: transparent; -webkit-user-drag: none; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; user-select: text;">it is </span><span class="NormalTextRun SCXW121139493 BCX0" style="-webkit-tap-highlight-color: transparent; -webkit-user-drag: none; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; user-select: text;">whether someone acts virtuous or not.</span><span class="NormalTextRun SCXW121139493 BCX0" style="-webkit-tap-highlight-color: transparent; -webkit-user-drag: none; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; user-select: text;"> Another way to look at virtue can be </span><span class="NormalTextRun SCXW121139493 BCX0" style="-webkit-tap-highlight-color: transparent; -webkit-user-drag: none; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; user-select: text;">having</span><span class="NormalTextRun SCXW121139493 BCX0" style="-webkit-tap-highlight-color: transparent; -webkit-user-drag: none; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; user-select: text;"> to act in rational </span><span class="NormalTextRun SCXW121139493 BCX0" style="-webkit-tap-highlight-color: transparent; -webkit-user-drag: none; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; user-select: text;">ways</span><span class="NormalTextRun SCXW121139493 BCX0" style="-webkit-tap-highlight-color: transparent; -webkit-user-drag: none; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; user-select: text;"> </span><span class="NormalTextRun SCXW121139493 BCX0" style="-webkit-tap-highlight-color: transparent; -webkit-user-drag: none; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; user-select: text;">to</span><span class="NormalTextRun SCXW121139493 BCX0" style="-webkit-tap-highlight-color: transparent; -webkit-user-drag: none; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; user-select: text;"> </span><span class="NormalTextRun SCXW121139493 BCX0" style="-webkit-tap-highlight-color: transparent; -webkit-user-drag: none; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; user-select: text;">live</span><span class="NormalTextRun SCXW121139493 BCX0" style="-webkit-tap-highlight-color: transparent; -webkit-user-drag: none; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; user-select: text;"> a good life.</span><span class="NormalTextRun SCXW121139493 BCX0" style="-webkit-tap-highlight-color: transparent; -webkit-user-drag: none; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; user-select: text;"> </span><span class="NormalTextRun SCXW121139493 BCX0" style="-webkit-tap-highlight-color: transparent; -webkit-user-drag: none; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; user-select: text;">Eliz</span><span class="NormalTextRun SCXW121139493 BCX0" style="-webkit-tap-highlight-color: transparent; -webkit-user-drag: none; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; user-select: text;">a</span><span class="NormalTextRun SCXW121139493 BCX0" style="-webkit-tap-highlight-color: transparent; -webkit-user-drag: none; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; user-select: text;">beth</span><span class="NormalTextRun SCXW121139493 BCX0" style="-webkit-tap-highlight-color: transparent; -webkit-user-drag: none; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; user-select: text;"> Holmes was not one to show high moral standards.</span><span class="NormalTextRun SCXW121139493 BCX0" style="-webkit-tap-highlight-color: transparent; -webkit-user-drag: none; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; user-select: text;"> </span><span class="NormalTextRun SCXW121139493 BCX0" style="-webkit-tap-highlight-color: transparent; -webkit-user-drag: none; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; user-select: text;">Her</span><span class="NormalTextRun SCXW121139493 BCX0" style="-webkit-tap-highlight-color: transparent; -webkit-user-drag: none; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; user-select: text;"> company</span><span class="NormalTextRun SCXW121139493 BCX0" style="-webkit-tap-highlight-color: transparent; -webkit-user-drag: none; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; user-select: text;"> </span><span class="NormalTextRun SCXW121139493 BCX0" style="-webkit-tap-highlight-color: transparent; -webkit-user-drag: none; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; user-select: text;">dealt</span><span class="NormalTextRun SCXW121139493 BCX0" style="-webkit-tap-highlight-color: transparent; -webkit-user-drag: none; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; user-select: text;"> with </span><span class="NormalTextRun SCXW121139493 BCX0" style="-webkit-tap-highlight-color: transparent; -webkit-user-drag: none; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; user-select: text;">people's</span><span class="NormalTextRun SCXW121139493 BCX0" style="-webkit-tap-highlight-color: transparent; -webkit-user-drag: none; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; user-select: text;"> </span><span class="NormalTextRun SCXW121139493 BCX0" style="-webkit-tap-highlight-color: transparent; -webkit-user-drag: none; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; user-select: text;">lives;</span><span class="NormalTextRun SCXW121139493 BCX0" style="-webkit-tap-highlight-color: transparent; -webkit-user-drag: none; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; user-select: text;"> it was important for her to care about her customers</span><span class="NormalTextRun SCXW121139493 BCX0" style="-webkit-tap-highlight-color: transparent; -webkit-user-drag: none; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; user-select: text;">.</span><span class="NormalTextRun SCXW121139493 BCX0" style="-webkit-tap-highlight-color: transparent; -webkit-user-drag: none; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; user-select: text;"> </span><span class="NormalTextRun SCXW121139493 BCX0" style="-webkit-tap-highlight-color: transparent; -webkit-user-drag: none; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; user-select: text;">She hid information from investors that would </span><span class="NormalTextRun SCXW121139493 BCX0" style="-webkit-tap-highlight-color: transparent; -webkit-user-drag: none; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; user-select: text;">have</span><span class="NormalTextRun SCXW121139493 BCX0" style="-webkit-tap-highlight-color: transparent; -webkit-user-drag: none; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; user-select: text;"> </span><span class="NormalTextRun SCXW121139493 BCX0" style="-webkit-tap-highlight-color: transparent; -webkit-user-drag: none; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; user-select: text;">ma</span><span class="NormalTextRun SCXW121139493 BCX0" style="-webkit-tap-highlight-color: transparent; -webkit-user-drag: none; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; user-select: text;">d</span><span class="NormalTextRun SCXW121139493 BCX0" style="-webkit-tap-highlight-color: transparent; -webkit-user-drag: none; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; user-select: text;">e </span><span class="NormalTextRun SCXW121139493 BCX0" style="-webkit-tap-highlight-color: transparent; -webkit-user-drag: none; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; user-select: text;">them rethink their decision </span><span class="NormalTextRun SCXW121139493 BCX0" style="-webkit-tap-highlight-color: transparent; -webkit-user-drag: none; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; user-select: text;">to invest</span><span class="NormalTextRun SCXW121139493 BCX0" style="-webkit-tap-highlight-color: transparent; -webkit-user-drag: none; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; user-select: text;">.</span><span class="NormalTextRun SCXW121139493 BCX0" style="-webkit-tap-highlight-color: transparent; -webkit-user-drag: none; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; user-select: text;"> The only</span><span class="NormalTextRun SCXW121139493 BCX0" style="-webkit-tap-highlight-color: transparent; -webkit-user-drag: none; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; user-select: text;"> way</span><span class="NormalTextRun SCXW121139493 BCX0" style="-webkit-tap-highlight-color: transparent; -webkit-user-drag: none; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; user-select: text;"> </span><span class="NormalTextRun SCXW121139493 BCX0" style="-webkit-tap-highlight-color: transparent; -webkit-user-drag: none; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; user-select: text;">to be considered in the</span><span class="NormalTextRun SCXW121139493 BCX0" style="-webkit-tap-highlight-color: transparent; -webkit-user-drag: none; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; user-select: text;"> virtue theory is to follow the four main virtues </span><span class="NormalTextRun SCXW121139493 BCX0" style="-webkit-tap-highlight-color: transparent; -webkit-user-drag: none; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; user-select: text;">which by doing so your company is considered ethical without following these virtues you are considered unethical. They are </span><span class="NormalTextRun SCXW121139493 BCX0" style="-webkit-tap-highlight-color: transparent; -webkit-user-drag: none; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; user-select: text;">honesty</span><span class="NormalTextRun SCXW121139493 BCX0" style="-webkit-tap-highlight-color: transparent; -webkit-user-drag: none; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; user-select: text;">, justice, temperance, and courage.</span><span class="NormalTextRun SCXW121139493 BCX0" style="-webkit-tap-highlight-color: transparent; -webkit-user-drag: none; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; user-select: text;"> Her actions were very selfish as they only </span><span class="NormalTextRun SCXW121139493 BCX0" style="-webkit-tap-highlight-color: transparent; -webkit-user-drag: none; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; user-select: text;">helped</span><span class="NormalTextRun SCXW121139493 BCX0" style="-webkit-tap-highlight-color: transparent; -webkit-user-drag: none; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; user-select: text;"> her.</span><span class="NormalTextRun SCXW121139493 BCX0" style="-webkit-tap-highlight-color: transparent; -webkit-user-drag: none; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; user-select: text;"> </span><span class="NormalTextRun SCXW121139493 BCX0" style="-webkit-tap-highlight-color: transparent; -webkit-user-drag: none; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; user-select: text;">When talking about honesty, she did the opposite, tricked everyone around her and was never honest with anyone.</span><span class="NormalTextRun SCXW121139493 BCX0" style="-webkit-tap-highlight-color: transparent; -webkit-user-drag: none; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; user-select: text;"> </span><span class="NormalTextRun SCXW121139493 BCX0" style="-webkit-tap-highlight-color: transparent; -webkit-user-drag: none; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; user-select: text;">Holmes wanted people to believe she was changing the world with her technology, but the virtues were not followed. The only justice </span><span class="NormalTextRun SCXW121139493 BCX0" style="-webkit-tap-highlight-color: transparent; -webkit-user-drag: none; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; user-select: text;">involved</span><span class="NormalTextRun SCXW121139493 BCX0" style="-webkit-tap-highlight-color: transparent; -webkit-user-drag: none; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; user-select: text;"> in this case was her being shut down.</span><span class="NormalTextRun SCXW121139493 BCX0" style="-webkit-tap-highlight-color: transparent; -webkit-user-drag: none; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; user-select: text;"> </span><span class="NormalTextRun SCXW121139493 BCX0" style="-webkit-tap-highlight-color: transparent; -webkit-user-drag: none; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; user-select: text;">She </span><span class="NormalTextRun SCXW121139493 BCX0" style="-webkit-tap-highlight-color: transparent; -webkit-user-drag: none; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; user-select: text;">used</span><span class="NormalTextRun SCXW121139493 BCX0" style="-webkit-tap-highlight-color: transparent; -webkit-user-drag: none; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; user-select: text;"> people as her way of becoming who she </span><span class="NormalTextRun SCXW121139493 BCX0" style="-webkit-tap-highlight-color: transparent; -webkit-user-drag: none; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; user-select: text;">is,</span><span class="NormalTextRun SCXW121139493 BCX0" style="-webkit-tap-highlight-color: transparent; -webkit-user-drag: none; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; user-select: text;"> there was no virtue behind what she was </span><span class="NormalTextRun SCXW121139493 BCX0" style="-webkit-tap-highlight-color: transparent; -webkit-user-drag: none; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; user-select: text;">doing,</span><span class="NormalTextRun SCXW121139493 BCX0" style="-webkit-tap-highlight-color: transparent; -webkit-user-drag: none; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; user-select: text;"> it was only about herself</span><span class="NormalTextRun SCXW121139493 BCX0" style="-webkit-tap-highlight-color: transparent; -webkit-user-drag: none; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; user-select: text;">.</span><span class="NormalTextRun SCXW121139493 BCX0" style="-webkit-tap-highlight-color: transparent; -webkit-user-drag: none; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; user-select: text;"> </span><span class="NormalTextRun SCXW121139493 BCX0" style="-webkit-tap-highlight-color: transparent; -webkit-user-drag: none; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; user-select: text;">Temperance</span><span class="NormalTextRun SCXW121139493 BCX0" style="-webkit-tap-highlight-color: transparent; -webkit-user-drag: none; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; user-select: text;"> is using power for the good of others. You can see that this was not done by her. Yes, she used her </span><span class="NormalTextRun SCXW121139493 BCX0" style="-webkit-tap-highlight-color: transparent; -webkit-user-drag: none; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; user-select: text;">power,</span><span class="NormalTextRun SCXW121139493 BCX0" style="-webkit-tap-highlight-color: transparent; -webkit-user-drag: none; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; user-select: text;"> but she used it in a way to </span><span class="NormalTextRun SCXW121139493 BCX0" style="-webkit-tap-highlight-color: transparent; -webkit-user-drag: none; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; user-select: text;">manipulate</span><span class="NormalTextRun SCXW121139493 BCX0" style="-webkit-tap-highlight-color: transparent; -webkit-user-drag: none; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; user-select: text;"> people and not to </span><span class="NormalTextRun SCXW121139493 BCX0" style="-webkit-tap-highlight-color: transparent; -webkit-user-drag: none; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; user-select: text;">help</span><span class="NormalTextRun SCXW121139493 BCX0" style="-webkit-tap-highlight-color: transparent; -webkit-user-drag: none; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; user-select: text;"> </span><span class="NormalTextRun SCXW121139493 BCX0" style="-webkit-tap-highlight-color: transparent; -webkit-user-drag: none; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; user-select: text;">others'</span><span class="NormalTextRun SCXW121139493 BCX0" style="-webkit-tap-highlight-color: transparent; -webkit-user-drag: none; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; user-select: text;"> lives.</span><span class="NormalTextRun SCXW121139493 BCX0" style="-webkit-tap-highlight-color: transparent; -webkit-user-drag: none; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; user-select: text;"> </span><span class="NormalTextRun SCXW121139493 BCX0" style="-webkit-tap-highlight-color: transparent; -webkit-user-drag: none; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; user-select: text;">Many people relied on her including her family but that </span><span class="NormalTextRun SCXW121139493 BCX0" style="-webkit-tap-highlight-color: transparent; -webkit-user-drag: none; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; user-select: text;">did not</span><span class="NormalTextRun SCXW121139493 BCX0" style="-webkit-tap-highlight-color: transparent; -webkit-user-drag: none; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; user-select: text;"> make her change her </span><span class="NormalTextRun SCXW121139493 BCX0" style="-webkit-tap-highlight-color: transparent; -webkit-user-drag: none; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; user-select: text;">ways,</span><span class="NormalTextRun SCXW121139493 BCX0" style="-webkit-tap-highlight-color: transparent; -webkit-user-drag: none; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; user-select: text;"> she continued knowing the position it could put her in.</span><span class="NormalTextRun SCXW121139493 BCX0" style="-webkit-tap-highlight-color: transparent; -webkit-user-drag: none; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; user-select: text;"> Being </span><span class="NormalTextRun SCXW121139493 BCX0" style="-webkit-tap-highlight-color: transparent; -webkit-user-drag: none; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; user-select: text;">involved</span><span class="NormalTextRun SCXW121139493 BCX0" style="-webkit-tap-highlight-color: transparent; -webkit-user-drag: none; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; user-select: text;"> in such a large company </span><span class="NormalTextRun SCXW121139493 BCX0" style="-webkit-tap-highlight-color: transparent; -webkit-user-drag: none; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; user-select: text;">it is</span><span class="NormalTextRun SCXW121139493 BCX0" style="-webkit-tap-highlight-color: transparent; -webkit-user-drag: none; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; user-select: text;"> important to have reliable </span><span class="NormalTextRun SCXW121139493 BCX0" style="-webkit-tap-highlight-color: transparent; -webkit-user-drag: none; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; user-select: text;">investors,</span><span class="NormalTextRun SCXW121139493 BCX0" style="-webkit-tap-highlight-color: transparent; -webkit-user-drag: none; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; user-select: text;"> which Holmes was able to get. What the investors did </span><span class="NormalTextRun SCXW121139493 BCX0" style="-webkit-tap-highlight-color: transparent; -webkit-user-drag: none; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; user-select: text;">not</span><span class="NormalTextRun SCXW121139493 BCX0" style="-webkit-tap-highlight-color: transparent; -webkit-user-drag: none; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; user-select: text;"> </span><span class="NormalTextRun SCXW121139493 BCX0" style="-webkit-tap-highlight-color: transparent; -webkit-user-drag: none; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; user-select: text;">know</span><span class="NormalTextRun SCXW121139493 BCX0" style="-webkit-tap-highlight-color: transparent; -webkit-user-drag: none; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; user-select: text;"> </span><span class="NormalTextRun SCXW121139493 BCX0" style="-webkit-tap-highlight-color: transparent; -webkit-user-drag: none; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; user-select: text;">was how</span><span class="NormalTextRun SCXW121139493 BCX0" style="-webkit-tap-highlight-color: transparent; -webkit-user-drag: none; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; user-select: text;"> they were being lied to through fake statements a</span><span class="NormalTextRun SCXW121139493 BCX0" style="-webkit-tap-highlight-color: transparent; -webkit-user-drag: none; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; user-select: text;">n</span><span class="NormalTextRun SCXW121139493 BCX0" style="-webkit-tap-highlight-color: transparent; -webkit-user-drag: none; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; user-select: text;">d fake </span><span class="NormalTextRun SCXW121139493 BCX0" style="-webkit-tap-highlight-color: transparent; -webkit-user-drag: none; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; user-select: text;">information on the technology being used.</span><span class="NormalTextRun SCXW121139493 BCX0" style="-webkit-tap-highlight-color: transparent; -webkit-user-drag: none; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; user-select: text;"> These false statements were what brought investors towards </span><span class="NormalTextRun SCXW121139493 BCX0" style="-webkit-tap-highlight-color: transparent; -webkit-user-drag: none; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; user-select: text;">Theranos</span><span class="NormalTextRun SCXW121139493 BCX0" style="-webkit-tap-highlight-color: transparent; -webkit-user-drag: none; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; user-select: text;">.</span></span><span class="EOP SCXW121139493 BCX0" data-ccp-props="{"201341983":0,"335559731":720,"335559739":160,"335559740":480}" style="-webkit-tap-highlight-color: transparent; -webkit-user-drag: none; color: #202124; font-family: "Times New Roman", "Times New Roman_EmbeddedFont", "Times New Roman_MSFontService", serif; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 36px; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; user-select: text;"> </span></p></div><div class="OutlineElement Ltr SCXW121139493 BCX0" style="-webkit-tap-highlight-color: transparent; -webkit-user-drag: none; clear: both; cursor: text; direction: ltr; font-family: "Segoe UI", "Segoe UI Web", Arial, Verdana, sans-serif; font-size: 12px; margin: 0px; overflow: visible; padding: 0px; position: relative; 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background-position: left bottom; background-repeat: repeat-x; border-bottom: 1px solid transparent; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; user-select: text;">Justifi</span><span class="NormalTextRun SpellingErrorV2Themed SCXW121139493 BCX0" style="-webkit-tap-highlight-color: transparent; -webkit-user-drag: none; background-image: var(--urlSpellingErrorV2, url("data:image/svg+xml;base64,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")); background-position: left bottom; background-repeat: repeat-x; border-bottom: 1px solid transparent; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; user-select: text;">ciated</span><span class="NormalTextRun SCXW121139493 BCX0" style="-webkit-tap-highlight-color: transparent; -webkit-user-drag: none; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; user-select: text;"> </span><span class="NormalTextRun SCXW121139493 BCX0" style="-webkit-tap-highlight-color: transparent; -webkit-user-drag: none; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; user-select: text;">E</span><span class="NormalTextRun SCXW121139493 BCX0" style="-webkit-tap-highlight-color: transparent; -webkit-user-drag: none; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; user-select: text;">thics </span><span class="NormalTextRun SCXW121139493 BCX0" style="-webkit-tap-highlight-color: transparent; -webkit-user-drag: none; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; user-select: text;">E</span><span class="NormalTextRun SCXW121139493 BCX0" style="-webkit-tap-highlight-color: transparent; -webkit-user-drag: none; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; user-select: text;">valuation</span></span><span class="EOP SCXW121139493 BCX0" data-ccp-props="{"201341983":0,"335559731":720,"335559739":160,"335559740":480}" style="-webkit-tap-highlight-color: transparent; -webkit-user-drag: none; color: #202124; font-family: "Times New Roman", "Times New Roman_EmbeddedFont", "Times New Roman_MSFontService", serif; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 36px; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; user-select: text;"> </span></p></div><div class="OutlineElement Ltr SCXW121139493 BCX0" style="-webkit-tap-highlight-color: transparent; -webkit-user-drag: none; clear: both; cursor: text; direction: ltr; font-family: "Segoe UI", "Segoe UI Web", Arial, Verdana, sans-serif; font-size: 12px; margin: 0px; overflow: visible; padding: 0px; position: relative; user-select: text;"><p class="Paragraph SCXW121139493 BCX0" paraeid="{448f044e-0ff4-4c7a-a99a-b69babf5486d}{190}" paraid="1715312409" style="-webkit-tap-highlight-color: transparent; -webkit-user-drag: none; background-color: transparent; color: windowtext; font-kerning: none; margin: 0px; overflow-wrap: break-word; padding: 0px; text-indent: 48px; user-select: text; vertical-align: baseline; white-space: pre-wrap;"><span class="TextRun SCXW121139493 BCX0" data-contrast="none" lang="EN-US" style="-webkit-tap-highlight-color: transparent; -webkit-user-drag: none; color: #202124; font-family: "Times New Roman", "Times New Roman_EmbeddedFont", "Times New Roman_MSFontService", serif; font-size: 12pt; font-variant-ligatures: none !important; line-height: 36px; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; user-select: text;" xml:lang="EN-US"><span class="NormalTextRun SCXW121139493 BCX0" style="-webkit-tap-highlight-color: transparent; -webkit-user-drag: none; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; user-select: text;">Justification in ethics is</span><span class="NormalTextRun SCXW121139493 BCX0" style="-webkit-tap-highlight-color: transparent; -webkit-user-drag: none; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; user-select: text;"> defined as</span></span><span class="TextRun SCXW121139493 BCX0" data-contrast="none" lang="EN-US" style="-webkit-tap-highlight-color: transparent; -webkit-user-drag: none; color: #202124; font-family: "Times New Roman", "Times New Roman_EmbeddedFont", "Times New Roman_MSFontService", serif; font-size: 12pt; font-variant-ligatures: none !important; font-weight: bold; line-height: 36px; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; user-select: text;" xml:lang="EN-US"><span class="NormalTextRun SCXW121139493 BCX0" style="-webkit-tap-highlight-color: transparent; -webkit-user-drag: none; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; user-select: text;"> </span><span class="NormalTextRun SCXW121139493 BCX0" style="-webkit-tap-highlight-color: transparent; -webkit-user-drag: none; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; user-select: text;">“</span></span><span class="TextRun SCXW121139493 BCX0" data-contrast="none" lang="EN-US" style="-webkit-tap-highlight-color: transparent; -webkit-user-drag: none; color: #202124; font-family: "Times New Roman", "Times New Roman_EmbeddedFont", "Times New Roman_MSFontService", serif; font-size: 12pt; font-variant-ligatures: none !important; line-height: 36px; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; user-select: text;" xml:lang="EN-US"><span class="NormalTextRun SCXW121139493 BCX0" style="-webkit-tap-highlight-color: transparent; -webkit-user-drag: none; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; user-select: text;">finding a reason that justifies your actions or </span><span class="NormalTextRun SCXW121139493 BCX0" style="-webkit-tap-highlight-color: transparent; -webkit-user-drag: none; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; user-select: text;">decisions</span><span class="NormalTextRun SCXW121139493 BCX0" style="-webkit-tap-highlight-color: transparent; -webkit-user-drag: none; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; user-select: text;">.”</span><span class="NormalTextRun SCXW121139493 BCX0" style="-webkit-tap-highlight-color: transparent; -webkit-user-drag: none; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; user-select: text;"> The </span><span class="NormalTextRun SCXW121139493 BCX0" style="-webkit-tap-highlight-color: transparent; -webkit-user-drag: none; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; user-select: text;">choices yo</span><span class="NormalTextRun SCXW121139493 BCX0" style="-webkit-tap-highlight-color: transparent; -webkit-user-drag: none; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; user-select: text;">u make </span><span class="NormalTextRun SCXW121139493 BCX0" style="-webkit-tap-highlight-color: transparent; -webkit-user-drag: none; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; user-select: text;">seem</span><span class="NormalTextRun SCXW121139493 BCX0" style="-webkit-tap-highlight-color: transparent; -webkit-user-drag: none; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; user-select: text;"> good even when you know they are not.</span><span class="NormalTextRun SCXW121139493 BCX0" style="-webkit-tap-highlight-color: transparent; -webkit-user-drag: none; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; user-select: text;"> </span><span class="NormalTextRun SCXW121139493 BCX0" style="-webkit-tap-highlight-color: transparent; -webkit-user-drag: none; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; user-select: text;">Idealistically, she had </span><span class="NormalTextRun SCXW121139493 BCX0" style="-webkit-tap-highlight-color: transparent; -webkit-user-drag: none; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; user-select: text;">a </span><span class="NormalTextRun SCXW121139493 BCX0" style="-webkit-tap-highlight-color: transparent; -webkit-user-drag: none; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; user-select: text;">promising</span><span class="NormalTextRun SCXW121139493 BCX0" style="-webkit-tap-highlight-color: transparent; -webkit-user-drag: none; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; user-select: text;"> idea</span><span class="NormalTextRun SCXW121139493 BCX0" style="-webkit-tap-highlight-color: transparent; -webkit-user-drag: none; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; user-select: text;">. If her product </span><span class="NormalTextRun SCXW121139493 BCX0" style="-webkit-tap-highlight-color: transparent; -webkit-user-drag: none; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; user-select: text;">were</span><span class="NormalTextRun SCXW121139493 BCX0" style="-webkit-tap-highlight-color: transparent; -webkit-user-drag: none; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; user-select: text;"> reliable and helped people, it would have been a great concept</span><span class="NormalTextRun SCXW121139493 BCX0" style="-webkit-tap-highlight-color: transparent; -webkit-user-drag: none; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; user-select: text;">.</span><span class="NormalTextRun SCXW121139493 BCX0" style="-webkit-tap-highlight-color: transparent; -webkit-user-drag: none; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; user-select: text;"> </span><span class="NormalTextRun SCXW121139493 BCX0" style="-webkit-tap-highlight-color: transparent; -webkit-user-drag: none; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; user-select: text;">C</span><span class="NormalTextRun SCXW121139493 BCX0" style="-webkit-tap-highlight-color: transparent; -webkit-user-drag: none; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; user-select: text;">hanging the way blood </span><span class="NormalTextRun SCXW121139493 BCX0" style="-webkit-tap-highlight-color: transparent; -webkit-user-drag: none; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; user-select: text;">tests</span><span class="NormalTextRun SCXW121139493 BCX0" style="-webkit-tap-highlight-color: transparent; -webkit-user-drag: none; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; user-select: text;"> are done</span><span class="NormalTextRun SCXW121139493 BCX0" style="-webkit-tap-highlight-color: transparent; -webkit-user-drag: none; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; user-select: text;"> to better the world</span><span class="NormalTextRun SCXW121139493 BCX0" style="-webkit-tap-highlight-color: transparent; -webkit-user-drag: none; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; user-select: text;"> was</span><span class="NormalTextRun SCXW121139493 BCX0" style="-webkit-tap-highlight-color: transparent; -webkit-user-drag: none; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; user-select: text;"> a brilliant concept. Making </span><span class="NormalTextRun SCXW121139493 BCX0" style="-webkit-tap-highlight-color: transparent; -webkit-user-drag: none; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; user-select: text;">someone's</span><span class="NormalTextRun SCXW121139493 BCX0" style="-webkit-tap-highlight-color: transparent; -webkit-user-drag: none; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; user-select: text;"> </span><span class="NormalTextRun SCXW121139493 BCX0" style="-webkit-tap-highlight-color: transparent; -webkit-user-drag: none; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; user-select: text;">life </span><span class="NormalTextRun SCXW121139493 BCX0" style="-webkit-tap-highlight-color: transparent; -webkit-user-drag: none; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; user-select: text;">easier by</span><span class="NormalTextRun SCXW121139493 BCX0" style="-webkit-tap-highlight-color: transparent; -webkit-user-drag: none; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; user-select: text;"> including </span><span class="NormalTextRun SCXW121139493 BCX0" style="-webkit-tap-highlight-color: transparent; -webkit-user-drag: none; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; user-select: text;">a procedure that cause</span><span class="NormalTextRun SCXW121139493 BCX0" style="-webkit-tap-highlight-color: transparent; -webkit-user-drag: none; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; user-select: text;">d</span><span class="NormalTextRun SCXW121139493 BCX0" style="-webkit-tap-highlight-color: transparent; -webkit-user-drag: none; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; user-select: text;"> less </span><span class="NormalTextRun SCXW121139493 BCX0" style="-webkit-tap-highlight-color: transparent; -webkit-user-drag: none; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; user-select: text;">pain, time and c</span><span class="NormalTextRun SCXW121139493 BCX0" style="-webkit-tap-highlight-color: transparent; -webkit-user-drag: none; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; user-select: text;">ost </span><span class="NormalTextRun SCXW121139493 BCX0" style="-webkit-tap-highlight-color: transparent; -webkit-user-drag: none; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; user-select: text;">would have been a win for all. </span><span class="NormalTextRun SCXW121139493 BCX0" style="-webkit-tap-highlight-color: transparent; -webkit-user-drag: none; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; user-select: text;">Holmes herself was not a fan of needles and </span><span class="NormalTextRun SCXW121139493 BCX0" style="-webkit-tap-highlight-color: transparent; -webkit-user-drag: none; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; user-select: text;">her thought was that others like her would compromise their health </span><span class="NormalTextRun SCXW121139493 BCX0" style="-webkit-tap-highlight-color: transparent; -webkit-user-drag: none; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; user-select: text;">if they needed to get </span><span class="NormalTextRun SCXW121139493 BCX0" style="-webkit-tap-highlight-color: transparent; -webkit-user-drag: none; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; user-select: text;">lab work</span><span class="NormalTextRun SCXW121139493 BCX0" style="-webkit-tap-highlight-color: transparent; -webkit-user-drag: none; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; user-select: text;"> but with her technology it would be painless. </span><span class="NormalTextRun SCXW121139493 BCX0" style="-webkit-tap-highlight-color: transparent; -webkit-user-drag: none; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; user-select: text;">Little did her patients know that the testing they had been promised would not be </span><span class="NormalTextRun SCXW121139493 BCX0" style="-webkit-tap-highlight-color: transparent; -webkit-user-drag: none; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; user-select: text;">correct</span><span class="NormalTextRun SCXW121139493 BCX0" style="-webkit-tap-highlight-color: transparent; -webkit-user-drag: none; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; user-select: text;">. </span><span class="NormalTextRun SCXW121139493 BCX0" style="-webkit-tap-highlight-color: transparent; -webkit-user-drag: none; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; user-select: text;">She could not make her products live up to her promises and only thought of ways to manipulate people into thinking they worked as well as she said. Even when she began her case in court, she </span><span class="NormalTextRun SCXW121139493 BCX0" style="-webkit-tap-highlight-color: transparent; -webkit-user-drag: none; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; user-select: text;">was</span><span class="NormalTextRun SCXW121139493 BCX0" style="-webkit-tap-highlight-color: transparent; -webkit-user-drag: none; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; user-select: text;"> thi</span><span class="NormalTextRun SCXW121139493 BCX0" style="-webkit-tap-highlight-color: transparent; -webkit-user-drag: none; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; user-select: text;">nking of ways to get away with it and convince the jury that she was </span><span class="NormalTextRun SCXW121139493 BCX0" style="-webkit-tap-highlight-color: transparent; -webkit-user-drag: none; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; user-select: text;">innocent</span><span class="NormalTextRun SCXW121139493 BCX0" style="-webkit-tap-highlight-color: transparent; -webkit-user-drag: none; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; user-select: text;">. </span><span class="NormalTextRun SCXW121139493 BCX0" style="-webkit-tap-highlight-color: transparent; -webkit-user-drag: none; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; user-select: text;">She had asked the jury to overturn her conviction with the reasoning that there was not enough evidence to convict her and asked for a new trial with new evidence</span><span class="NormalTextRun SCXW121139493 BCX0" style="-webkit-tap-highlight-color: transparent; -webkit-user-drag: none; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; user-select: text;">. This did not help her case though it only pushed pe</span><span class="NormalTextRun SCXW121139493 BCX0" style="-webkit-tap-highlight-color: transparent; -webkit-user-drag: none; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; user-select: text;">ople further into digging up information that would be valuable</span><span class="NormalTextRun SCXW121139493 BCX0" style="-webkit-tap-highlight-color: transparent; -webkit-user-drag: none; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; user-select: text;"> against her</span><span class="NormalTextRun SCXW121139493 BCX0" style="-webkit-tap-highlight-color: transparent; -webkit-user-drag: none; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; user-select: text;"> in court. </span></span><span class="EOP SCXW121139493 BCX0" data-ccp-props="{"201341983":0,"335559731":720,"335559739":160,"335559740":480}" style="-webkit-tap-highlight-color: transparent; -webkit-user-drag: none; color: #202124; font-family: "Times New Roman", "Times New Roman_EmbeddedFont", "Times New Roman_MSFontService", serif; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 36px; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; user-select: text;"> </span></p><p class="Paragraph SCXW121139493 BCX0" paraeid="{448f044e-0ff4-4c7a-a99a-b69babf5486d}{190}" paraid="1715312409" style="-webkit-tap-highlight-color: transparent; -webkit-user-drag: none; background-color: transparent; color: windowtext; font-kerning: none; margin: 0px; overflow-wrap: break-word; padding: 0px; text-indent: 48px; user-select: text; vertical-align: baseline; white-space: pre-wrap;"><span class="EOP SCXW121139493 BCX0" data-ccp-props="{"201341983":0,"335559731":720,"335559739":160,"335559740":480}" style="-webkit-tap-highlight-color: transparent; -webkit-user-drag: none; color: #202124; font-family: "Times New Roman", "Times New Roman_EmbeddedFont", "Times New Roman_MSFontService", serif; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 36px; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; user-select: text;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/a/AVvXsEhI7qtebiRXn8P7MfgSdlVNXxsVhOQ5hGvMxbsvXl3Okyj-n07AJmLjapYRPK9fRwlEZpwGkIA18f_EkUevOLlRpmxYfxA0tpOLTJlBgtK5-f-Sw9H8DGzc2py6iZylVKGvrATQYyxQjJ4DJlSmzYLkUPh5W75sser7_7a2C3Vyh6dKzPOLTIU_T3qX7g" style="font-family: "Segoe UI", "Segoe UI Web", Arial, Verdana, sans-serif; font-size: 12px; margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em; text-align: center; text-indent: 0px; white-space: normal;"><img alt="" data-original-height="652" data-original-width="980" height="213" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/a/AVvXsEhI7qtebiRXn8P7MfgSdlVNXxsVhOQ5hGvMxbsvXl3Okyj-n07AJmLjapYRPK9fRwlEZpwGkIA18f_EkUevOLlRpmxYfxA0tpOLTJlBgtK5-f-Sw9H8DGzc2py6iZylVKGvrATQYyxQjJ4DJlSmzYLkUPh5W75sser7_7a2C3Vyh6dKzPOLTIU_T3qX7g" width="320" /></a></span></p><p class="Paragraph SCXW121139493 BCX0" paraeid="{448f044e-0ff4-4c7a-a99a-b69babf5486d}{190}" paraid="1715312409" style="-webkit-tap-highlight-color: transparent; -webkit-user-drag: none; background-color: transparent; color: windowtext; font-kerning: none; margin: 0px; overflow-wrap: break-word; padding: 0px; text-indent: 48px; user-select: text; vertical-align: baseline; white-space: pre-wrap;"><i>The Theranos Company</i></p></div><div class="OutlineElement Ltr SCXW121139493 BCX0" style="-webkit-tap-highlight-color: transparent; -webkit-user-drag: none; clear: both; cursor: text; direction: ltr; font-family: "Segoe UI", "Segoe UI Web", Arial, Verdana, sans-serif; font-size: 12px; margin: 0px; overflow: visible; padding: 0px; position: relative; user-select: text;"><p class="Paragraph SCXW121139493 BCX0" paraeid="{0edd30c2-56ed-4334-a640-0df51e31375e}{75}" paraid="189646114" style="-webkit-tap-highlight-color: transparent; -webkit-user-drag: none; background-color: transparent; color: windowtext; font-kerning: none; margin: 0px; overflow-wrap: break-word; padding: 0px; text-indent: 48px; user-select: text; vertical-align: baseline; white-space: pre-wrap;"><span class="TextRun SCXW121139493 BCX0" data-contrast="none" lang="EN-US" style="-webkit-tap-highlight-color: transparent; -webkit-user-drag: none; color: #202124; font-family: "Times New Roman", "Times New Roman_EmbeddedFont", "Times New Roman_MSFontService", serif; font-size: 12pt; font-variant-ligatures: none !important; font-weight: bold; line-height: 36px; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; user-select: text;" xml:lang="EN-US">Conclusion </span><span class="EOP SCXW121139493 BCX0" data-ccp-props="{"201341983":0,"335559731":720,"335559739":160,"335559740":480}" style="-webkit-tap-highlight-color: transparent; -webkit-user-drag: none; color: #202124; font-family: "Times New Roman", "Times New Roman_EmbeddedFont", "Times New Roman_MSFontService", serif; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 36px; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; user-select: text;"> </span></p></div><div class="OutlineElement Ltr SCXW121139493 BCX0" style="-webkit-tap-highlight-color: transparent; -webkit-user-drag: none; clear: both; cursor: text; direction: ltr; font-family: "Segoe UI", "Segoe UI Web", Arial, Verdana, sans-serif; font-size: 12px; margin: 0px; overflow: visible; padding: 0px; position: relative; user-select: text;"><p class="Paragraph SCXW121139493 BCX0" paraeid="{0edd30c2-56ed-4334-a640-0df51e31375e}{81}" paraid="289631212" style="-webkit-tap-highlight-color: transparent; -webkit-user-drag: none; background-color: transparent; color: windowtext; font-kerning: none; margin: 0px; overflow-wrap: break-word; padding: 0px; text-indent: 48px; user-select: text; vertical-align: baseline; white-space: pre-wrap;"><span class="TextRun SCXW121139493 BCX0" data-contrast="none" lang="EN-US" style="-webkit-tap-highlight-color: transparent; -webkit-user-drag: none; color: #202124; font-family: "Times New Roman", "Times New Roman_EmbeddedFont", "Times New Roman_MSFontService", serif; font-size: 12pt; font-variant-ligatures: none !important; line-height: 36px; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; user-select: text;" xml:lang="EN-US"><span class="NormalTextRun SCXW121139493 BCX0" style="-webkit-tap-highlight-color: transparent; -webkit-user-drag: none; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; user-select: text;">Elizabeth Holmes was a </span><span class="NormalTextRun SCXW121139493 BCX0" style="-webkit-tap-highlight-color: transparent; -webkit-user-drag: none; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; user-select: text;">con artist</span><span class="NormalTextRun SCXW121139493 BCX0" style="-webkit-tap-highlight-color: transparent; -webkit-user-drag: none; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; user-select: text;">, a very smart one at that. She spent most of her career lying to </span><span class="NormalTextRun SCXW121139493 BCX0" style="-webkit-tap-highlight-color: transparent; -webkit-user-drag: none; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; user-select: text;">society</span><span class="NormalTextRun SCXW121139493 BCX0" style="-webkit-tap-highlight-color: transparent; -webkit-user-drag: none; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; user-select: text;"> about her </span><span class="NormalTextRun SCXW121139493 BCX0" style="-webkit-tap-highlight-color: transparent; -webkit-user-drag: none; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; user-select: text;">product,</span><span class="NormalTextRun SCXW121139493 BCX0" style="-webkit-tap-highlight-color: transparent; -webkit-user-drag: none; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; user-select: text;"> the </span><span class="NormalTextRun SCXW121139493 BCX0" style="-webkit-tap-highlight-color: transparent; -webkit-user-drag: none; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; user-select: text;">E</span><span class="NormalTextRun SCXW121139493 BCX0" style="-webkit-tap-highlight-color: transparent; -webkit-user-drag: none; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; user-select: text;">d</span><span class="NormalTextRun SCXW121139493 BCX0" style="-webkit-tap-highlight-color: transparent; -webkit-user-drag: none; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; user-select: text;">ison,</span><span class="NormalTextRun SCXW121139493 BCX0" style="-webkit-tap-highlight-color: transparent; -webkit-user-drag: none; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; user-select: text;"> by giving false information on how well it worked. Her actions throughout her trials along with what she was doing before she got caught w</span><span class="NormalTextRun SCXW121139493 BCX0" style="-webkit-tap-highlight-color: transparent; -webkit-user-drag: none; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; user-select: text;">as</span><span class="NormalTextRun SCXW121139493 BCX0" style="-webkit-tap-highlight-color: transparent; -webkit-user-drag: none; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; user-select: text;"> unethical. </span><span class="NormalTextRun SCXW121139493 BCX0" style="-webkit-tap-highlight-color: transparent; -webkit-user-drag: none; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; user-select: text;">It is</span><span class="NormalTextRun SCXW121139493 BCX0" style="-webkit-tap-highlight-color: transparent; -webkit-user-drag: none; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; user-select: text;"> hard to imagine how such a smart women got herself into the situation </span><span class="NormalTextRun SCXW121139493 BCX0" style="-webkit-tap-highlight-color: transparent; -webkit-user-drag: none; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; user-select: text;">she is</span><span class="NormalTextRun SCXW121139493 BCX0" style="-webkit-tap-highlight-color: transparent; -webkit-user-drag: none; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; user-select: text;"> in now but after reading all </span><span class="NormalTextRun SCXW121139493 BCX0" style="-webkit-tap-highlight-color: transparent; -webkit-user-drag: none; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; user-select: text;">about her case you really see how good of a con artist she was. </span><span class="NormalTextRun SCXW121139493 BCX0" style="-webkit-tap-highlight-color: transparent; -webkit-user-drag: none; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; user-select: text;">She seemed to have gotten herself in this situation by thinking she was better than other people and could do what she wanted, which clearly </span><span class="NormalTextRun SCXW121139493 BCX0" style="-webkit-tap-highlight-color: transparent; -webkit-user-drag: none; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; user-select: text;">did not</span><span class="NormalTextRun SCXW121139493 BCX0" style="-webkit-tap-highlight-color: transparent; -webkit-user-drag: none; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; user-select: text;"> work out for her.</span><span class="NormalTextRun SCXW121139493 BCX0" style="-webkit-tap-highlight-color: transparent; -webkit-user-drag: none; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; user-select: text;"> </span></span><span class="TextRun SCXW121139493 BCX0" data-contrast="none" lang="EN-US" style="-webkit-tap-highlight-color: transparent; -webkit-user-drag: none; font-family: "Times New Roman", "Times New Roman_EmbeddedFont", "Times New Roman_MSFontService", serif; font-size: 12pt; font-variant-ligatures: none !important; line-height: 36px; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; user-select: text;" xml:lang="EN-US">“</span><span class="TextRun SCXW121139493 BCX0" data-contrast="auto" lang="EN-US" style="-webkit-tap-highlight-color: transparent; -webkit-user-drag: none; font-family: "Times New Roman", "Times New Roman_EmbeddedFont", "Times New Roman_MSFontService", serif; font-size: 12pt; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; line-height: 36px; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; user-select: text;" xml:lang="EN-US"><span class="NormalTextRun SCXW121139493 BCX0" style="-webkit-tap-highlight-color: transparent; -webkit-user-drag: none; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; user-select: text;">In conclusion, Elizabeth Holmes deceived and acted in bad faith by making decisions that </span><span class="NormalTextRun SCXW121139493 BCX0" style="-webkit-tap-highlight-color: transparent; -webkit-user-drag: none; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; user-select: text;">did not</span><span class="NormalTextRun SCXW121139493 BCX0" style="-webkit-tap-highlight-color: transparent; -webkit-user-drag: none; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; user-select: text;"> pass multiple ethical principles. </span><span class="NormalTextRun SCXW121139493 BCX0" style="-webkit-tap-highlight-color: transparent; -webkit-user-drag: none; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; user-select: text;">“H</span><span class="NormalTextRun SCXW121139493 BCX0" style="-webkit-tap-highlight-color: transparent; -webkit-user-drag: none; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; user-select: text;">er actions hurt thousands of customers, deceived scores of stakeholders, caused the loss of hundreds of jobs and lost hundreds of millions of dollars in investments</span><span class="NormalTextRun SCXW121139493 BCX0" style="-webkit-tap-highlight-color: transparent; -webkit-user-drag: none; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; user-select: text;">.”</span><span class="NormalTextRun SCXW121139493 BCX0" style="-webkit-tap-highlight-color: transparent; -webkit-user-drag: none; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; user-select: text;"> (</span><span class="NormalTextRun SCXW121139493 BCX0" style="-webkit-tap-highlight-color: transparent; -webkit-user-drag: none; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; user-select: text;">Betran</span><span class="NormalTextRun SCXW121139493 BCX0" style="-webkit-tap-highlight-color: transparent; -webkit-user-drag: none; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; user-select: text;">)</span><span class="NormalTextRun SCXW121139493 BCX0" style="-webkit-tap-highlight-color: transparent; -webkit-user-drag: none; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; user-select: text;"> </span><span class="NormalTextRun AdvancedProofingIssueV2Themed SCXW121139493 BCX0" style="-webkit-tap-highlight-color: transparent; -webkit-user-drag: none; background-image: var(--urlAdvancedProofingIssueV2, url("data:image/svg+xml;base64,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")); background-position: left bottom; background-repeat: repeat-x; border-bottom: 1px solid transparent; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; user-select: text;">It is clear that she</span><span class="NormalTextRun SCXW121139493 BCX0" style="-webkit-tap-highlight-color: transparent; -webkit-user-drag: none; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; user-select: text;"> was short sighted and acting only in the best interest of herself doing more harm than good.” </span><span class="NormalTextRun ContextualSpellingAndGrammarErrorV2Themed SCXW121139493 BCX0" style="-webkit-tap-highlight-color: transparent; -webkit-user-drag: none; background-image: var(--urlContextualSpellingAndGrammarErrorV2, url("data:image/svg+xml;base64,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")); background-position: left bottom; background-repeat: repeat-x; border-bottom: 1px solid transparent; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; user-select: text;">(</span><span class="NormalTextRun ContextualSpellingAndGrammarErrorV2Themed SCXW121139493 BCX0" style="-webkit-tap-highlight-color: transparent; -webkit-user-drag: none; background-image: var(--urlContextualSpellingAndGrammarErrorV2, url("data:image/svg+xml;base64,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")); background-position: left bottom; background-repeat: repeat-x; border-bottom: 1px solid transparent; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; user-select: text;"> Beltran</span><span class="NormalTextRun SCXW121139493 BCX0" style="-webkit-tap-highlight-color: transparent; -webkit-user-drag: none; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; user-select: text;">).</span></span><span class="TextRun SCXW121139493 BCX0" data-contrast="none" lang="EN-US" style="-webkit-tap-highlight-color: transparent; -webkit-user-drag: none; font-family: "Times New Roman", "Times New Roman_EmbeddedFont", "Times New Roman_MSFontService", serif; font-size: 12pt; font-variant-ligatures: none !important; line-height: 36px; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; user-select: text;" xml:lang="EN-US"><span class="NormalTextRun SCXW121139493 BCX0" style="-webkit-tap-highlight-color: transparent; -webkit-user-drag: none; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; user-select: text;"> </span><span class="NormalTextRun SCXW121139493 BCX0" style="-webkit-tap-highlight-color: transparent; -webkit-user-drag: none; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; user-select: text;">She will begin her sentence of 11 years in April 2023</span></span><span class="EOP SCXW121139493 BCX0" data-ccp-props="{"201341983":0,"335559731":720,"335559739":160,"335559740":480}" style="-webkit-tap-highlight-color: transparent; -webkit-user-drag: none; font-family: "Times New Roman", "Times New Roman_EmbeddedFont", "Times New Roman_MSFontService", serif; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 36px; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; user-select: text;"> </span></p></div><div class="OutlineElement Ltr SCXW121139493 BCX0" style="-webkit-tap-highlight-color: transparent; -webkit-user-drag: none; clear: both; cursor: text; direction: ltr; font-family: "Segoe UI", "Segoe UI Web", Arial, Verdana, sans-serif; font-size: 12px; margin: 0px; overflow: visible; padding: 0px; position: relative; user-select: text;"><p class="Paragraph SCXW121139493 BCX0" paraeid="{0edd30c2-56ed-4334-a640-0df51e31375e}{169}" paraid="1113197442" style="-webkit-tap-highlight-color: transparent; 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cursor: text; direction: ltr; font-family: "Segoe UI", "Segoe UI Web", Arial, Verdana, sans-serif; font-size: 12px; margin: 0px; overflow: visible; padding: 0px; position: relative; user-select: text;"><p class="Paragraph SCXW121139493 BCX0" paraeid="{0edd30c2-56ed-4334-a640-0df51e31375e}{189}" paraid="542666941" style="-webkit-tap-highlight-color: transparent; -webkit-user-drag: none; background-color: transparent; color: windowtext; font-kerning: none; margin: 0px 0px 0px 37px; overflow-wrap: break-word; padding: 0px; text-indent: -37px; user-select: text; vertical-align: baseline; white-space: pre-wrap;"><span class="TextRun SCXW121139493 BCX0" data-contrast="auto" lang="EN-US" style="-webkit-tap-highlight-color: transparent; -webkit-user-drag: none; font-family: "Times New Roman", "Times New Roman_EmbeddedFont", "Times New Roman_MSFontService", serif; font-size: 12pt; font-variant-ligatures: none !important; line-height: 19.425px; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; user-select: text;" xml:lang="EN-US"><span class="NormalTextRun SCXW121139493 BCX0" style="-webkit-tap-highlight-color: transparent; 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-webkit-user-drag: none; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; user-select: text;"></span></span><span class="EOP SCXW121139493 BCX0" data-ccp-props="{"201341983":0,"335559685":567,"335559739":160,"335559740":259,"335559991":567}" style="-webkit-tap-highlight-color: transparent; -webkit-user-drag: none; font-family: "Times New Roman", "Times New Roman_EmbeddedFont", "Times New Roman_MSFontService", serif; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 19.425px; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; user-select: text;"> </span></p></div><div class="OutlineElement Ltr SCXW121139493 BCX0" style="-webkit-tap-highlight-color: transparent; -webkit-user-drag: none; clear: both; cursor: text; direction: ltr; font-family: "Segoe UI", "Segoe UI Web", Arial, Verdana, sans-serif; font-size: 12px; margin: 0px; overflow: visible; padding: 0px; position: relative; user-select: text;"><p class="Paragraph SCXW121139493 BCX0" paraeid="{0edd30c2-56ed-4334-a640-0df51e31375e}{205}" paraid="976421553" style="-webkit-tap-highlight-color: transparent; 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cursor: text; direction: ltr; font-family: "Segoe UI", "Segoe UI Web", Arial, Verdana, sans-serif; font-size: 12px; margin: 0px; overflow: visible; padding: 0px; position: relative; user-select: text;"><p class="Paragraph SCXW121139493 BCX0" paraeid="{0edd30c2-56ed-4334-a640-0df51e31375e}{213}" paraid="2143632410" style="-webkit-tap-highlight-color: transparent; -webkit-user-drag: none; background-color: transparent; color: windowtext; font-kerning: none; margin: 0px 0px 0px 37px; overflow-wrap: break-word; padding: 0px; text-indent: -37px; user-select: text; vertical-align: baseline; white-space: pre-wrap;"><span class="TextRun SCXW121139493 BCX0" data-contrast="auto" lang="EN-US" style="-webkit-tap-highlight-color: transparent; -webkit-user-drag: none; font-family: "Times New Roman", "Times New Roman_EmbeddedFont", "Times New Roman_MSFontService", serif; font-size: 12pt; font-variant-ligatures: none !important; line-height: 19.425px; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; user-select: text;" xml:lang="EN-US"><span class="NormalTextRun SCXW121139493 BCX0" style="-webkit-tap-highlight-color: transparent; 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-webkit-user-drag: none; background-color: transparent; color: windowtext; font-kerning: none; margin: 0px 0px 0px 37px; overflow-wrap: break-word; padding: 0px; text-indent: -37px; user-select: text; vertical-align: baseline; white-space: pre-wrap;"><span class="TextRun SCXW121139493 BCX0" data-contrast="auto" lang="EN-US" style="-webkit-tap-highlight-color: transparent; -webkit-user-drag: none; font-family: "Times New Roman", "Times New Roman_EmbeddedFont", "Times New Roman_MSFontService", serif; font-size: 12pt; font-variant-ligatures: none !important; line-height: 19.425px; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; user-select: text;" xml:lang="EN-US"><span class="NormalTextRun SCXW121139493 BCX0" style="-webkit-tap-highlight-color: transparent; -webkit-user-drag: none; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; user-select: text;"></span></span><span class="EOP SCXW121139493 BCX0" data-ccp-props="{"201341983":0,"335559685":567,"335559739":160,"335559740":259,"335559991":567}" style="-webkit-tap-highlight-color: transparent; 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-webkit-user-drag: none; font-family: "Times New Roman", "Times New Roman_EmbeddedFont", "Times New Roman_MSFontService", serif; font-size: 12pt; font-variant-ligatures: none !important; line-height: 19.425px; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; user-select: text;" xml:lang="EN-US"><span class="NormalTextRun SCXW121139493 BCX0" style="-webkit-tap-highlight-color: transparent; -webkit-user-drag: none; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; user-select: text;"></span></span><span class="EOP SCXW121139493 BCX0" data-ccp-props="{"201341983":0,"335559685":567,"335559739":160,"335559740":259,"335559991":567}" style="-webkit-tap-highlight-color: transparent; -webkit-user-drag: none; font-family: "Times New Roman", "Times New Roman_EmbeddedFont", "Times New Roman_MSFontService", serif; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 19.425px; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; user-select: text;"> </span></p></div><div class="OutlineElement Ltr SCXW121139493 BCX0" style="-webkit-tap-highlight-color: transparent; -webkit-user-drag: none; clear: both; cursor: text; direction: ltr; font-family: "Segoe UI", "Segoe UI Web", Arial, Verdana, sans-serif; font-size: 12px; margin: 0px; overflow: visible; padding: 0px; position: relative; user-select: text;"><p class="Paragraph SCXW121139493 BCX0" paraeid="{0edd30c2-56ed-4334-a640-0df51e31375e}{225}" paraid="1559838869" style="-webkit-tap-highlight-color: transparent; -webkit-user-drag: none; background-color: transparent; color: windowtext; font-kerning: none; margin: 0px 0px 0px 37px; overflow-wrap: break-word; padding: 0px; text-indent: -37px; user-select: text; vertical-align: baseline; white-space: pre-wrap;"><span class="TextRun SCXW121139493 BCX0" data-contrast="auto" lang="EN-US" style="-webkit-tap-highlight-color: transparent; -webkit-user-drag: none; font-family: "Times New Roman", "Times New Roman_EmbeddedFont", "Times New Roman_MSFontService", serif; font-size: 12pt; font-variant-ligatures: none !important; line-height: 19.425px; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; user-select: text;" xml:lang="EN-US"><span class="NormalTextRun SCXW121139493 BCX0" style="-webkit-tap-highlight-color: transparent; -webkit-user-drag: none; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; user-select: text;"></span></span><span class="EOP SCXW121139493 BCX0" data-ccp-props="{"201341983":0,"335559685":567,"335559739":160,"335559740":259,"335559991":567}" style="-webkit-tap-highlight-color: transparent; -webkit-user-drag: none; font-family: "Times New Roman", "Times New Roman_EmbeddedFont", "Times New Roman_MSFontService", serif; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 19.425px; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; user-select: text;"> </span></p></div><div class="OutlineElement Ltr SCXW121139493 BCX0" style="-webkit-tap-highlight-color: transparent; -webkit-user-drag: none; clear: both; cursor: text; direction: ltr; font-family: "Segoe UI", "Segoe UI Web", Arial, Verdana, sans-serif; font-size: 12px; margin: 0px; overflow: visible; padding: 0px; position: relative; user-select: text;"><p class="Paragraph SCXW121139493 BCX0" paraeid="{0edd30c2-56ed-4334-a640-0df51e31375e}{229}" paraid="1909161511" style="-webkit-tap-highlight-color: transparent; -webkit-user-drag: none; background-color: transparent; color: windowtext; font-kerning: none; margin: 0px 0px 0px 37px; overflow-wrap: break-word; padding: 0px; text-indent: -37px; user-select: text; vertical-align: baseline; white-space: pre-wrap;"><span class="TextRun SCXW121139493 BCX0" data-contrast="auto" lang="EN-US" style="-webkit-tap-highlight-color: transparent; -webkit-user-drag: none; font-family: "Times New Roman", "Times New Roman_EmbeddedFont", "Times New Roman_MSFontService", serif; font-size: 12pt; font-variant-ligatures: none !important; line-height: 19.425px; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; user-select: text;" xml:lang="EN-US">References</span><span class="EOP SCXW121139493 BCX0" data-ccp-props="{"201341983":0,"335559685":567,"335559739":160,"335559740":259,"335559991":567}" style="-webkit-tap-highlight-color: transparent; -webkit-user-drag: none; font-family: "Times New Roman", "Times New Roman_EmbeddedFont", "Times New Roman_MSFontService", serif; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 19.425px; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; user-select: text;"> </span></p></div><div class="OutlineElement Ltr SCXW121139493 BCX0" style="-webkit-tap-highlight-color: transparent; -webkit-user-drag: none; clear: both; cursor: text; direction: ltr; font-family: "Segoe UI", "Segoe UI Web", Arial, Verdana, sans-serif; font-size: 12px; margin: 0px; overflow: visible; padding: 0px; position: relative; user-select: text;"><p class="Paragraph SCXW121139493 BCX0" paraeid="{0edd30c2-56ed-4334-a640-0df51e31375e}{235}" paraid="1107989739" style="-webkit-tap-highlight-color: transparent; -webkit-user-drag: none; background-color: transparent; color: windowtext; font-kerning: none; margin: 0px 0px 0px 37px; overflow-wrap: break-word; padding: 0px; text-indent: -37px; user-select: text; vertical-align: baseline; white-space: pre-wrap;"><span class="TextRun SCXW121139493 BCX0" data-contrast="auto" lang="EN-US" style="-webkit-tap-highlight-color: transparent; -webkit-user-drag: none; font-family: "Times New Roman", "Times New Roman_EmbeddedFont", "Times New Roman_MSFontService", serif; font-size: 12pt; font-variant-ligatures: none !important; line-height: 19.425px; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; user-select: text;" xml:lang="EN-US"><span class="NormalTextRun SCXW121139493 BCX0" style="-webkit-tap-highlight-color: transparent; -webkit-user-drag: none; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; user-select: text;"></span></span><span class="EOP SCXW121139493 BCX0" data-ccp-props="{"201341983":0,"335559685":567,"335559739":160,"335559740":259,"335559991":567}" style="-webkit-tap-highlight-color: transparent; -webkit-user-drag: none; font-family: "Times New Roman", "Times New Roman_EmbeddedFont", "Times New Roman_MSFontService", serif; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 19.425px; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; user-select: text;"> </span></p></div><div class="OutlineElement Ltr SCXW121139493 BCX0" style="-webkit-tap-highlight-color: transparent; -webkit-user-drag: none; clear: both; cursor: text; direction: ltr; font-family: "Segoe UI", "Segoe UI Web", Arial, Verdana, sans-serif; font-size: 12px; margin: 0px; overflow: visible; padding: 0px; position: relative; user-select: text;"><p class="Paragraph SCXW121139493 BCX0" paraeid="{0edd30c2-56ed-4334-a640-0df51e31375e}{239}" paraid="2049474353" style="-webkit-tap-highlight-color: transparent; -webkit-user-drag: none; background-color: transparent; color: windowtext; font-kerning: none; margin: 0px 0px 0px 37px; overflow-wrap: break-word; padding: 0px; text-indent: -37px; user-select: text; vertical-align: baseline; white-space: pre-wrap;"><span class="TextRun SCXW121139493 BCX0" data-contrast="auto" lang="EN-US" style="-webkit-tap-highlight-color: transparent; -webkit-user-drag: none; font-family: "Times New Roman", "Times New Roman_EmbeddedFont", "Times New Roman_MSFontService", serif; font-size: 12pt; font-variant-ligatures: none !important; line-height: 18px; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; user-select: text;" xml:lang="EN-US"><span class="NormalTextRun SCXW121139493 BCX0" style="-webkit-tap-highlight-color: transparent; -webkit-user-drag: none; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; user-select: text;">Beltran, Jonathan. “The Inventor: Analyzing the Ethical DNA of </span><span class="NormalTextRun SCXW121139493 BCX0" style="-webkit-tap-highlight-color: transparent; -webkit-user-drag: none; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; user-select: text;">Theranos</span><span class="NormalTextRun SCXW121139493 BCX0" style="-webkit-tap-highlight-color: transparent; -webkit-user-drag: none; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; user-select: text;">.” </span></span><span class="TextRun SCXW121139493 BCX0" data-contrast="auto" lang="EN-US" style="-webkit-tap-highlight-color: transparent; -webkit-user-drag: none; font-family: "Times New Roman", "Times New Roman_EmbeddedFont", "Times New Roman_MSFontService", serif; font-size: 12pt; font-style: italic; font-variant-ligatures: none !important; line-height: 18px; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; user-select: text;" xml:lang="EN-US">LinkedIn</span><span class="TextRun SCXW121139493 BCX0" data-contrast="auto" lang="EN-US" style="-webkit-tap-highlight-color: transparent; -webkit-user-drag: none; font-family: "Times New Roman", "Times New Roman_EmbeddedFont", "Times New Roman_MSFontService", serif; font-size: 12pt; font-variant-ligatures: none !important; line-height: 18px; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; user-select: text;" xml:lang="EN-US">, 22 Jan. 2020, </span><span class="TextRun Underlined SCXW121139493 BCX0" data-contrast="none" lang="EN-US" style="-webkit-tap-highlight-color: transparent; -webkit-user-drag: none; color: #0563c1; font-family: "Times New Roman", "Times New Roman_EmbeddedFont", "Times New Roman_MSFontService", serif; font-size: 12pt; font-variant-ligatures: none !important; line-height: 18px; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; text-decoration-line: underline; user-select: text;" xml:lang="EN-US"><span class="NormalTextRun SCXW121139493 BCX0" data-ccp-charstyle="Hyperlink" style="-webkit-tap-highlight-color: transparent; -webkit-user-drag: none; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; user-select: text;">www.linkedin.com/pulse/inventor-analyzing-ethical-dna-theranos-jonathan-beltran-csm</span></span><span class="TextRun SCXW121139493 BCX0" data-contrast="auto" lang="EN-US" style="-webkit-tap-highlight-color: transparent; -webkit-user-drag: none; font-family: "Times New Roman", "Times New Roman_EmbeddedFont", "Times New Roman_MSFontService", serif; font-size: 12pt; font-variant-ligatures: none !important; line-height: 18px; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; user-select: text;" xml:lang="EN-US">. </span><span class="EOP SCXW121139493 BCX0" data-ccp-props="{"201341983":0,"335559685":567,"335559739":160,"335559740":240,"335559991":567}" style="-webkit-tap-highlight-color: transparent; -webkit-user-drag: none; font-family: "Times New Roman", "Times New Roman_EmbeddedFont", "Times New Roman_MSFontService", serif; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 18px; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; user-select: text;"> </span></p></div><div class="OutlineElement Ltr SCXW121139493 BCX0" style="-webkit-tap-highlight-color: transparent; -webkit-user-drag: none; clear: both; cursor: text; direction: ltr; font-family: "Segoe UI", "Segoe UI Web", Arial, Verdana, sans-serif; font-size: 12px; margin: 0px; overflow: visible; padding: 0px; position: relative; user-select: text;"><p class="Paragraph SCXW121139493 BCX0" paraeid="{d2316c9f-99e3-4f31-9e5e-eea1c89e933c}{2}" paraid="1987832782" style="-webkit-tap-highlight-color: transparent; -webkit-user-drag: none; background-color: transparent; color: windowtext; font-kerning: none; margin: 0px 0px 0px 37px; overflow-wrap: break-word; padding: 0px; text-indent: -37px; user-select: text; vertical-align: baseline; white-space: pre-wrap;"><span class="TextRun SCXW121139493 BCX0" data-contrast="auto" lang="EN-US" style="-webkit-tap-highlight-color: transparent; -webkit-user-drag: none; font-family: "Times New Roman", "Times New Roman_EmbeddedFont", "Times New Roman_MSFontService", serif; font-size: 12pt; font-variant-ligatures: none !important; line-height: 18px; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; user-select: text;" xml:lang="EN-US"><span class="NormalTextRun SCXW121139493 BCX0" style="-webkit-tap-highlight-color: transparent; -webkit-user-drag: none; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; user-select: text;">Hart, Hanna. “What Can </span><span class="NormalTextRun SCXW121139493 BCX0" style="-webkit-tap-highlight-color: transparent; -webkit-user-drag: none; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; user-select: text;">Theranos</span><span class="NormalTextRun SCXW121139493 BCX0" style="-webkit-tap-highlight-color: transparent; -webkit-user-drag: none; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; user-select: text;">' Elizabeth Holmes Teach Us about Feminism?” </span></span><span class="TextRun SCXW121139493 BCX0" data-contrast="auto" lang="EN-US" style="-webkit-tap-highlight-color: transparent; -webkit-user-drag: none; font-family: "Times New Roman", "Times New Roman_EmbeddedFont", "Times New Roman_MSFontService", serif; font-size: 12pt; font-style: italic; font-variant-ligatures: none !important; line-height: 18px; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; user-select: text;" xml:lang="EN-US">Forbes</span><span class="TextRun SCXW121139493 BCX0" data-contrast="auto" lang="EN-US" style="-webkit-tap-highlight-color: transparent; -webkit-user-drag: none; font-family: "Times New Roman", "Times New Roman_EmbeddedFont", "Times New Roman_MSFontService", serif; font-size: 12pt; font-variant-ligatures: none !important; line-height: 18px; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; user-select: text;" xml:lang="EN-US">, Forbes Magazine, 1 Apr. 2019, </span><span class="TextRun Underlined SCXW121139493 BCX0" data-contrast="none" lang="EN-US" style="-webkit-tap-highlight-color: transparent; -webkit-user-drag: none; color: #0563c1; font-family: "Times New Roman", "Times New Roman_EmbeddedFont", "Times New Roman_MSFontService", serif; font-size: 12pt; font-variant-ligatures: none !important; line-height: 18px; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; text-decoration-line: underline; user-select: text;" xml:lang="EN-US"><span class="NormalTextRun SCXW121139493 BCX0" data-ccp-charstyle="Hyperlink" style="-webkit-tap-highlight-color: transparent; -webkit-user-drag: none; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; user-select: text;">www.forbes.com/sites/hannahart/2019/03/31/womens-history-what-does-theranos-elizabeth-holmes-tell-us-or-not-about-feminism/?sh=734d30e033f4</span></span><span class="TextRun SCXW121139493 BCX0" data-contrast="auto" lang="EN-US" style="-webkit-tap-highlight-color: transparent; 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user-select: text;"><p class="Paragraph SCXW121139493 BCX0" paraeid="{d2316c9f-99e3-4f31-9e5e-eea1c89e933c}{20}" paraid="1616574223" style="-webkit-tap-highlight-color: transparent; -webkit-user-drag: none; background-color: transparent; color: windowtext; font-kerning: none; margin: 0px 0px 0px 37px; overflow-wrap: break-word; padding: 0px; text-indent: -37px; user-select: text; vertical-align: baseline; white-space: pre-wrap;"><span class="TextRun SCXW121139493 BCX0" data-contrast="auto" lang="EN-US" style="-webkit-tap-highlight-color: transparent; -webkit-user-drag: none; font-family: "Times New Roman", "Times New Roman_EmbeddedFont", "Times New Roman_MSFontService", serif; font-size: 12pt; font-variant-ligatures: none !important; line-height: 18px; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; user-select: text;" xml:lang="EN-US">“Kantian Ethics.” </span><span class="TextRun SCXW121139493 BCX0" data-contrast="auto" lang="EN-US" style="-webkit-tap-highlight-color: transparent; -webkit-user-drag: none; font-family: "Times New Roman", "Times New Roman_EmbeddedFont", "Times New Roman_MSFontService", serif; font-size: 12pt; font-style: italic; font-variant-ligatures: none !important; line-height: 18px; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; user-select: text;" xml:lang="EN-US">Corporate Finance Institute</span><span class="TextRun SCXW121139493 BCX0" data-contrast="auto" lang="EN-US" style="-webkit-tap-highlight-color: transparent; -webkit-user-drag: none; font-family: "Times New Roman", "Times New Roman_EmbeddedFont", "Times New Roman_MSFontService", serif; font-size: 12pt; font-variant-ligatures: none !important; line-height: 18px; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; user-select: text;" xml:lang="EN-US"><span class="NormalTextRun SCXW121139493 BCX0" style="-webkit-tap-highlight-color: transparent; -webkit-user-drag: none; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; user-select: text;">, 29 Nov. 2022, corporatefinanceinstitute.com/resources/</span><span class="NormalTextRun SpellingErrorV2Themed SCXW121139493 BCX0" style="-webkit-tap-highlight-color: transparent; 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background-color: transparent; color: windowtext; font-kerning: none; margin: 0px 0px 0px 37px; overflow-wrap: break-word; padding: 0px; text-indent: -37px; user-select: text; vertical-align: baseline; white-space: pre-wrap;"><span class="TextRun SCXW121139493 BCX0" data-contrast="auto" lang="EN-US" style="-webkit-tap-highlight-color: transparent; -webkit-user-drag: none; font-family: "Times New Roman", "Times New Roman_EmbeddedFont", "Times New Roman_MSFontService", serif; font-size: 12pt; font-variant-ligatures: none !important; line-height: 18px; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; user-select: text;" xml:lang="EN-US">“Northern District of California.” </span><span class="TextRun SCXW121139493 BCX0" data-contrast="auto" lang="EN-US" style="-webkit-tap-highlight-color: transparent; -webkit-user-drag: none; font-family: "Times New Roman", "Times New Roman_EmbeddedFont", "Times New Roman_MSFontService", serif; font-size: 12pt; font-style: italic; font-variant-ligatures: none !important; line-height: 18px; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; user-select: text;" xml:lang="EN-US">United States Department of Justice</span><span class="TextRun SCXW121139493 BCX0" data-contrast="auto" lang="EN-US" style="-webkit-tap-highlight-color: transparent; -webkit-user-drag: none; font-family: "Times New Roman", "Times New Roman_EmbeddedFont", "Times New Roman_MSFontService", serif; font-size: 12pt; font-variant-ligatures: none !important; line-height: 18px; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; user-select: text;" xml:lang="EN-US">, 16 Nov. 2022, </span><span class="TextRun Underlined SCXW121139493 BCX0" data-contrast="none" lang="EN-US" style="-webkit-tap-highlight-color: transparent; -webkit-user-drag: none; color: #0563c1; font-family: "Times New Roman", "Times New Roman_EmbeddedFont", "Times New Roman_MSFontService", serif; font-size: 12pt; font-variant-ligatures: none !important; line-height: 18px; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; text-decoration-line: underline; user-select: text;" xml:lang="EN-US"><span class="NormalTextRun SCXW121139493 BCX0" data-ccp-charstyle="Hyperlink" style="-webkit-tap-highlight-color: transparent; -webkit-user-drag: none; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; user-select: text;">www.justice.gov/usao-ndca</span></span><span class="TextRun SCXW121139493 BCX0" data-contrast="auto" lang="EN-US" style="-webkit-tap-highlight-color: transparent; -webkit-user-drag: none; font-family: "Times New Roman", "Times New Roman_EmbeddedFont", "Times New Roman_MSFontService", serif; font-size: 12pt; font-variant-ligatures: none !important; line-height: 18px; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; user-select: text;" xml:lang="EN-US">. </span><span class="EOP SCXW121139493 BCX0" data-ccp-props="{"201341983":0,"335559685":567,"335559739":160,"335559740":240,"335559991":567}" style="-webkit-tap-highlight-color: transparent; -webkit-user-drag: none; font-family: "Times New Roman", "Times New Roman_EmbeddedFont", "Times New Roman_MSFontService", serif; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 18px; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; user-select: text;"> </span></p></div><div class="OutlineElement Ltr SCXW121139493 BCX0" style="-webkit-tap-highlight-color: transparent; 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user-select: text;" xml:lang="EN-US"><span class="NormalTextRun SCXW121139493 BCX0" style="-webkit-tap-highlight-color: transparent; -webkit-user-drag: none; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; user-select: text;">Person. “Hot Startup </span><span class="NormalTextRun SCXW121139493 BCX0" style="-webkit-tap-highlight-color: transparent; -webkit-user-drag: none; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; user-select: text;">Theranos</span><span class="NormalTextRun SCXW121139493 BCX0" style="-webkit-tap-highlight-color: transparent; -webkit-user-drag: none; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; user-select: text;"> Has Struggled with Its Blood-Test Technology.” </span></span><span class="TextRun SCXW121139493 BCX0" data-contrast="auto" lang="EN-US" style="-webkit-tap-highlight-color: transparent; -webkit-user-drag: none; font-family: "Times New Roman", "Times New Roman_EmbeddedFont", "Times New Roman_MSFontService", serif; font-size: 12pt; font-style: italic; font-variant-ligatures: none !important; line-height: 18px; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; user-select: text;" xml:lang="EN-US">The Wall Street Journal</span><span class="TextRun SCXW121139493 BCX0" data-contrast="auto" lang="EN-US" style="-webkit-tap-highlight-color: transparent; -webkit-user-drag: none; font-family: "Times New Roman", "Times New Roman_EmbeddedFont", "Times New Roman_MSFontService", serif; font-size: 12pt; font-variant-ligatures: none !important; line-height: 18px; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; user-select: text;" xml:lang="EN-US">, Dow Jones & Company, 19 Nov. 2022, </span><span class="TextRun Underlined SCXW121139493 BCX0" data-contrast="none" lang="EN-US" style="-webkit-tap-highlight-color: transparent; -webkit-user-drag: none; color: #0563c1; font-family: "Times New Roman", "Times New Roman_EmbeddedFont", "Times New Roman_MSFontService", serif; font-size: 12pt; font-variant-ligatures: none !important; line-height: 18px; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; text-decoration-line: underline; user-select: text;" xml:lang="EN-US"><span class="NormalTextRun SCXW121139493 BCX0" data-ccp-charstyle="Hyperlink" style="-webkit-tap-highlight-color: transparent; -webkit-user-drag: none; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; user-select: text;">www.wsj.com/articles/theranos-has-struggled-with-blood-tests-1444881901</span></span><span class="TextRun SCXW121139493 BCX0" data-contrast="auto" lang="EN-US" style="-webkit-tap-highlight-color: transparent; -webkit-user-drag: none; font-family: "Times New Roman", "Times New Roman_EmbeddedFont", "Times New Roman_MSFontService", serif; font-size: 12pt; font-variant-ligatures: none !important; line-height: 18px; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; user-select: text;" xml:lang="EN-US">. </span><span class="EOP SCXW121139493 BCX0" data-ccp-props="{"201341983":0,"335559685":567,"335559739":160,"335559740":240,"335559991":567}" style="-webkit-tap-highlight-color: transparent; -webkit-user-drag: none; font-family: "Times New Roman", "Times New Roman_EmbeddedFont", "Times New Roman_MSFontService", serif; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 18px; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; user-select: text;"> </span></p></div><div class="OutlineElement Ltr SCXW121139493 BCX0" style="-webkit-tap-highlight-color: transparent; -webkit-user-drag: none; clear: both; cursor: text; direction: ltr; font-family: "Segoe UI", "Segoe UI Web", Arial, Verdana, sans-serif; font-size: 12px; margin: 0px; overflow: visible; padding: 0px; position: relative; user-select: text;"><p class="Paragraph SCXW121139493 BCX0" paraeid="{d2316c9f-99e3-4f31-9e5e-eea1c89e933c}{87}" paraid="2060625985" style="-webkit-tap-highlight-color: transparent; -webkit-user-drag: none; background-color: transparent; color: windowtext; font-kerning: none; margin: 0px 0px 0px 37px; overflow-wrap: break-word; padding: 0px; text-indent: -37px; user-select: text; vertical-align: baseline; white-space: pre-wrap;"><span class="TextRun SCXW121139493 BCX0" data-contrast="auto" lang="EN-US" style="-webkit-tap-highlight-color: transparent; -webkit-user-drag: none; font-family: "Times New Roman", "Times New Roman_EmbeddedFont", "Times New Roman_MSFontService", serif; font-size: 12pt; font-variant-ligatures: none !important; line-height: 18px; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; 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Elizabeth Holmes, </span><span class="NormalTextRun SCXW121139493 BCX0" style="-webkit-tap-highlight-color: transparent; -webkit-user-drag: none; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; user-select: text;">et al.</span><span class="NormalTextRun SCXW121139493 BCX0" style="-webkit-tap-highlight-color: transparent; -webkit-user-drag: none; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; user-select: text;">” </span></span><span class="TextRun SCXW121139493 BCX0" data-contrast="auto" lang="EN-US" style="-webkit-tap-highlight-color: transparent; -webkit-user-drag: none; font-family: "Times New Roman", "Times New Roman_EmbeddedFont", "Times New Roman_MSFontService", serif; font-size: 12pt; font-style: italic; font-variant-ligatures: none !important; line-height: 18px; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; user-select: text;" xml:lang="EN-US">Northern District of California</span><span class="TextRun SCXW121139493 BCX0" data-contrast="auto" lang="EN-US" style="-webkit-tap-highlight-color: transparent; -webkit-user-drag: none; font-family: "Times New Roman", "Times New Roman_EmbeddedFont", "Times New Roman_MSFontService", serif; font-size: 12pt; font-variant-ligatures: none !important; line-height: 18px; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; user-select: text;" xml:lang="EN-US">, 21 Nov. 2022, </span><a class="Hyperlink SCXW121139493 BCX0" href="bookmark://:~:text=Elizabeth%20A.,hundreds%20of%20millions%20of%20dollars" rel="noreferrer noopener" style="-webkit-tap-highlight-color: transparent; -webkit-user-drag: none; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; text-decoration-line: none; user-select: text;" target="_blank"><span class="TextRun Underlined SCXW121139493 BCX0" data-contrast="none" lang="EN-US" style="-webkit-tap-highlight-color: transparent; -webkit-user-drag: none; color: #0563c1; font-family: "Times New Roman", "Times New Roman_EmbeddedFont", "Times New Roman_MSFontService", serif; font-size: 12pt; font-variant-ligatures: none !important; line-height: 18px; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; text-decoration-line: underline; user-select: text;" xml:lang="EN-US"><span class="NormalTextRun SCXW121139493 BCX0" data-ccp-charstyle="Hyperlink" style="-webkit-tap-highlight-color: transparent; -webkit-user-drag: none; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; user-select: text;">www.justice.gov/usao-ndca/us-v-elizabeth-holmes-et-al#:~:text=Elizabeth%20A.,hundreds%20of%</span><span class="NormalTextRun AdvancedProofingIssueV2Themed SCXW121139493 BCX0" data-ccp-charstyle="Hyperlink" style="-webkit-tap-highlight-color: transparent; -webkit-user-drag: none; background-image: var(--urlAdvancedProofingIssueV2, url("data:image/svg+xml;base64,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")); 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font-family: "Times New Roman", "Times New Roman_EmbeddedFont", "Times New Roman_MSFontService", serif; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 18px; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; user-select: text;"> </span></p></div><div class="OutlineElement Ltr SCXW121139493 BCX0" style="-webkit-tap-highlight-color: transparent; -webkit-user-drag: none; clear: both; cursor: text; direction: ltr; font-family: "Segoe UI", "Segoe UI Web", Arial, Verdana, sans-serif; font-size: 12px; margin: 0px; overflow: visible; padding: 0px; position: relative; user-select: text;"><p class="Paragraph SCXW121139493 BCX0" paraeid="{d2316c9f-99e3-4f31-9e5e-eea1c89e933c}{113}" paraid="594197822" style="-webkit-tap-highlight-color: transparent; -webkit-user-drag: none; background-color: transparent; color: windowtext; font-kerning: none; margin: 0px 0px 0px 37px; overflow-wrap: break-word; padding: 0px; text-indent: -37px; user-select: text; vertical-align: baseline; white-space: pre-wrap;"><span class="TextRun SCXW121139493 BCX0" data-contrast="auto" lang="EN-US" style="-webkit-tap-highlight-color: transparent; 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background-position: left bottom; background-repeat: repeat-x; border-bottom: 1px solid transparent; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; user-select: text;">Encyclopædia</span><span class="NormalTextRun SCXW121139493 BCX0" style="-webkit-tap-highlight-color: transparent; -webkit-user-drag: none; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; user-select: text;"> Britannica</span></span><span class="TextRun SCXW121139493 BCX0" data-contrast="auto" lang="EN-US" style="-webkit-tap-highlight-color: transparent; -webkit-user-drag: none; font-family: "Times New Roman", "Times New Roman_EmbeddedFont", "Times New Roman_MSFontService", serif; font-size: 12pt; font-variant-ligatures: none !important; line-height: 18px; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; user-select: text;" xml:lang="EN-US"><span class="NormalTextRun SCXW121139493 BCX0" style="-webkit-tap-highlight-color: transparent; -webkit-user-drag: none; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; user-select: text;">, </span><span class="NormalTextRun SpellingErrorV2Themed SCXW121139493 BCX0" style="-webkit-tap-highlight-color: transparent; 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font-family: "Times New Roman", "Times New Roman_EmbeddedFont", "Times New Roman_MSFontService", serif; font-size: 12pt; font-style: italic; font-variant-ligatures: none !important; line-height: 18px; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; user-select: text;" xml:lang="EN-US">Internet Encyclopedia of Philosophy</span><span class="TextRun SCXW121139493 BCX0" data-contrast="auto" lang="EN-US" style="-webkit-tap-highlight-color: transparent; -webkit-user-drag: none; font-family: "Times New Roman", "Times New Roman_EmbeddedFont", "Times New Roman_MSFontService", serif; font-size: 12pt; font-variant-ligatures: none !important; line-height: 18px; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; user-select: text;" xml:lang="EN-US">, </span><a class="Hyperlink SCXW121139493 BCX0" href="https://iep.utm.edu/virtue/" rel="noreferrer noopener" style="-webkit-tap-highlight-color: transparent; -webkit-user-drag: none; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; text-decoration-line: none; user-select: text;" target="_blank"><span class="TextRun Underlined SCXW121139493 BCX0" data-contrast="none" lang="EN-US" style="-webkit-tap-highlight-color: transparent; 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background-position: left bottom; background-repeat: repeat-x; border-bottom: 1px solid transparent; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; user-select: text;">TheCollector</span></span><span class="TextRun SCXW121139493 BCX0" data-contrast="auto" lang="EN-US" style="-webkit-tap-highlight-color: transparent; -webkit-user-drag: none; font-family: "Times New Roman", "Times New Roman_EmbeddedFont", "Times New Roman_MSFontService", serif; font-size: 12pt; font-variant-ligatures: none !important; line-height: 18px; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; user-select: text;" xml:lang="EN-US">, 27 Apr. 2022, </span><a class="Hyperlink SCXW121139493 BCX0" href="https://www.thecollector.com/aristotle-four-cardinal-virtues/" rel="noreferrer noopener" style="-webkit-tap-highlight-color: transparent; -webkit-user-drag: none; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; text-decoration-line: none; user-select: text;" target="_blank"><span class="TextRun Underlined SCXW121139493 BCX0" data-contrast="none" lang="EN-US" style="-webkit-tap-highlight-color: transparent; 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-webkit-user-drag: none; font-family: "Times New Roman", "Times New Roman_EmbeddedFont", "Times New Roman_MSFontService", serif; font-size: 12pt; font-variant-ligatures: none !important; line-height: 18px; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; user-select: text;" xml:lang="EN-US"><span class="NormalTextRun SCXW121139493 BCX0" style="-webkit-tap-highlight-color: transparent; -webkit-user-drag: none; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; user-select: text;">Keown, Alex. </span><span class="NormalTextRun SCXW121139493 BCX0" style="-webkit-tap-highlight-color: transparent; -webkit-user-drag: none; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; user-select: text;">“Rep for Wealthy </span><span class="NormalTextRun SCXW121139493 BCX0" style="-webkit-tap-highlight-color: transparent; -webkit-user-drag: none; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; user-select: text;">Theranos</span><span class="NormalTextRun SCXW121139493 BCX0" style="-webkit-tap-highlight-color: transparent; -webkit-user-drag: none; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; user-select: text;"> Stakeholder Describes Holmes' Investor Courting Practice.”</span><span class="NormalTextRun SCXW121139493 BCX0" style="-webkit-tap-highlight-color: transparent; -webkit-user-drag: none; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; user-select: text;"> </span></span><span class="TextRun SCXW121139493 BCX0" data-contrast="auto" lang="EN-US" style="-webkit-tap-highlight-color: transparent; -webkit-user-drag: none; font-family: "Times New Roman", "Times New Roman_EmbeddedFont", "Times New Roman_MSFontService", serif; font-size: 12pt; font-style: italic; font-variant-ligatures: none !important; line-height: 18px; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; user-select: text;" xml:lang="EN-US">BioSpace</span><span class="TextRun SCXW121139493 BCX0" data-contrast="auto" lang="EN-US" style="-webkit-tap-highlight-color: transparent; -webkit-user-drag: none; font-family: "Times New Roman", "Times New Roman_EmbeddedFont", "Times New Roman_MSFontService", serif; font-size: 12pt; font-variant-ligatures: none !important; line-height: 18px; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; user-select: text;" xml:lang="EN-US">, BioSpace, 27 Oct. 2021, </span><a class="Hyperlink SCXW121139493 BCX0" href="https://www.biospace.com/article/wealthy-theranos-stakeholder-describes-meeting-with-holmes-ahead-of-100-million-investment/" rel="noreferrer noopener" style="-webkit-tap-highlight-color: transparent; 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padding: 0px; position: relative; user-select: text;"><p class="Paragraph SCXW252255478 BCX0" paraeid="{1b911934-869c-414b-8d82-01e6b2619342}{88}" paraid="1113197442" style="-webkit-tap-highlight-color: transparent; -webkit-user-drag: none; background-color: transparent; color: windowtext; font-kerning: none; margin: 0px; overflow-wrap: break-word; padding: 0px; text-indent: 48px; user-select: text; vertical-align: baseline; white-space: pre-wrap;"><span class="TextRun SCXW252255478 BCX0" data-contrast="none" lang="EN-US" style="-webkit-tap-highlight-color: transparent; -webkit-user-drag: none; color: #202124; font-family: "Times New Roman", "Times New Roman_EmbeddedFont", "Times New Roman_MSFontService", serif; font-size: 12pt; font-variant-ligatures: none; line-height: 36px; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; user-select: text;" xml:lang="EN-US"><span class="NormalTextRun SCXW252255478 BCX0" style="-webkit-tap-highlight-color: transparent; -webkit-user-drag: none; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; user-select: text;"></span></span><span class="EOP SCXW252255478 BCX0" data-ccp-props="{"201341983":0,"335559731":720,"335559739":160,"335559740":480}" style="-webkit-tap-highlight-color: transparent; -webkit-user-drag: none; color: #202124; font-family: "Times New Roman", "Times New Roman_EmbeddedFont", "Times New Roman_MSFontService", serif; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 36px; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; user-select: text;"> </span></p></div>Sarah Johnstonhttp://www.blogger.com/profile/14667871215162466491noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-3346515991378239658.post-79261092651853771252022-12-03T15:21:00.018-08:002022-12-10T00:55:51.703-08:00FTX: The Collapse of a Cryptocurrency Exchange<span id="docs-internal-guid-e423f2b2-7fff-2359-681b-15ac61ae984a"><div class="OutlineElement Ltr SCXW44787301 BCX0" style="-webkit-tap-highlight-color: transparent; -webkit-user-drag: none; background-color: white; clear: both; cursor: text; direction: ltr; font-family: "Segoe UI", "Segoe UI Web", Arial, Verdana, sans-serif; font-size: 12px; margin: 0px; overflow: visible; padding: 0px; position: relative; user-select: text;"><div class="OutlineElement Ltr SCXW4687407 BCX0" style="-webkit-tap-highlight-color: transparent; -webkit-user-drag: none; clear: both; cursor: text; direction: ltr; margin: 0px; overflow: visible; padding: 0px; position: relative; user-select: text;"><p class="Paragraph SCXW4687407 BCX0" paraeid="{8173c8de-01e3-4f9b-939b-d7b35fc9e3c7}{18}" paraid="1996067233" style="-webkit-tap-highlight-color: transparent; -webkit-user-drag: none; background-color: transparent; color: windowtext; font-kerning: none; margin: 0px; overflow-wrap: break-word; padding: 0px; text-align: center; user-select: text; vertical-align: baseline; white-space: pre-wrap;"><span class="TextRun SCXW4687407 BCX0" data-contrast="none" lang="EN-US" style="-webkit-tap-highlight-color: transparent; -webkit-user-drag: none; font-family: "Times New Roman", "Times New Roman_EmbeddedFont", "Times New Roman_MSFontService", serif; font-size: 12pt; font-variant-ligatures: none; line-height: 19.425px; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; user-select: text;" xml:lang="EN-US">FTX: The Collapse of a Cryptocurrency Exchange (2022) </span><span class="EOP SCXW4687407 BCX0" data-ccp-props="{"201341983":0,"335551550":2,"335551620":2,"335559739":160,"335559740":259}" style="-webkit-tap-highlight-color: transparent; -webkit-user-drag: none; font-family: "Times New Roman", "Times New Roman_EmbeddedFont", "Times New Roman_MSFontService", serif; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 19.425px; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; user-select: text;"> </span></p></div><div class="OutlineElement Ltr SCXW4687407 BCX0" style="-webkit-tap-highlight-color: transparent; -webkit-user-drag: none; clear: both; cursor: text; direction: ltr; margin: 0px; overflow: visible; padding: 0px; position: relative; user-select: text;"><p class="Paragraph SCXW4687407 BCX0" paraeid="{8173c8de-01e3-4f9b-939b-d7b35fc9e3c7}{25}" paraid="1667799654" style="-webkit-tap-highlight-color: transparent; -webkit-user-drag: none; background-color: transparent; color: windowtext; font-kerning: none; margin: 0px; overflow-wrap: break-word; padding: 0px; text-align: center; user-select: text; vertical-align: baseline; white-space: pre-wrap;"><span class="TextRun SCXW4687407 BCX0" data-contrast="none" lang="EN-US" style="-webkit-tap-highlight-color: transparent; -webkit-user-drag: none; font-family: "Times New Roman", "Times New Roman_EmbeddedFont", "Times New Roman_MSFontService", serif; font-size: 12pt; font-variant-ligatures: none; line-height: 19.425px; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; user-select: text;" xml:lang="EN-US">By Ian Pahl </span><span class="EOP SCXW4687407 BCX0" data-ccp-props="{"201341983":0,"335551550":2,"335551620":2,"335559739":160,"335559740":259}" style="-webkit-tap-highlight-color: transparent; -webkit-user-drag: none; font-family: "Times New Roman", "Times New Roman_EmbeddedFont", "Times New Roman_MSFontService", serif; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 19.425px; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; user-select: text;"> </span></p></div><div class="OutlineElement Ltr SCXW4687407 BCX0" style="-webkit-tap-highlight-color: transparent; -webkit-user-drag: none; clear: both; cursor: text; direction: ltr; margin: 0px; overflow: visible; padding: 0px; position: relative; user-select: text;"><p class="Paragraph SCXW4687407 BCX0" paraeid="{8173c8de-01e3-4f9b-939b-d7b35fc9e3c7}{32}" paraid="1608532021" style="-webkit-tap-highlight-color: transparent; -webkit-user-drag: none; background-color: transparent; color: windowtext; font-kerning: none; margin: 0px; overflow-wrap: break-word; padding: 0px; user-select: text; vertical-align: baseline; white-space: pre-wrap;"><span class="TextRun SCXW4687407 BCX0" data-contrast="none" lang="EN-US" style="-webkit-tap-highlight-color: transparent; -webkit-user-drag: none; color: #4471c4; font-family: "Times New Roman", "Times New Roman_EmbeddedFont", "Times New Roman_MSFontService", serif; font-size: 12pt; font-variant-ligatures: none; line-height: 19.425px; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; user-select: text;" xml:lang="EN-US">Abstract </span><span class="EOP SCXW4687407 BCX0" data-ccp-props="{"201341983":0,"335559739":160,"335559740":259}" style="-webkit-tap-highlight-color: transparent; -webkit-user-drag: none; color: #4471c4; font-family: "Times New Roman", "Times New Roman_EmbeddedFont", "Times New Roman_MSFontService", serif; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 19.425px; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; user-select: text;"> </span></p></div><div class="OutlineElement Ltr SCXW4687407 BCX0" style="-webkit-tap-highlight-color: transparent; -webkit-user-drag: none; clear: both; cursor: text; direction: ltr; margin: 0px; overflow: visible; padding: 0px; position: relative; user-select: text;"><p class="Paragraph SCXW4687407 BCX0" paraeid="{8173c8de-01e3-4f9b-939b-d7b35fc9e3c7}{39}" paraid="1834974195" style="-webkit-tap-highlight-color: transparent; -webkit-user-drag: none; background-color: transparent; color: windowtext; font-kerning: none; margin: 0px; overflow-wrap: break-word; padding: 0px; text-indent: 48px; user-select: text; vertical-align: baseline; white-space: pre-wrap;"></p><table cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="tr-caption-container" style="float: right;"><tbody><tr><td style="text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/a/AVvXsEi_7fK0XTFm8Y1eM3IbYluifTOFuw7g-GJ_Ghly1iwpo2YSN3HRY9XOUuZPt7PcixQTBD2-jwyukIiDG2eEix88e2FpB8Cnbl1ZlNGtQX2blATBOiZqBEXPy68rayeJE_3rdv0Ahl7fRDPInavYclnydaxcGl2G3mBrvCdeA3gqkM8bVXuYTc-zUp58Uw" style="clear: right; margin-bottom: 1em; margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><img alt="" data-original-height="209" data-original-width="400" height="209" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/a/AVvXsEi_7fK0XTFm8Y1eM3IbYluifTOFuw7g-GJ_Ghly1iwpo2YSN3HRY9XOUuZPt7PcixQTBD2-jwyukIiDG2eEix88e2FpB8Cnbl1ZlNGtQX2blATBOiZqBEXPy68rayeJE_3rdv0Ahl7fRDPInavYclnydaxcGl2G3mBrvCdeA3gqkM8bVXuYTc-zUp58Uw=w400-h209" width="400" /></a></td></tr><tr><td class="tr-caption" style="text-align: center;"><span style="color: #666666; font-family: arial; font-size: medium;"><b><i>FTX Logo</i></b></span></td></tr></tbody></table><span class="TextRun SCXW4687407 BCX0" data-contrast="none" lang="EN-US" style="-webkit-tap-highlight-color: transparent; -webkit-user-drag: none; font-family: "Times New Roman", "Times New Roman_EmbeddedFont", "Times New Roman_MSFontService", serif; font-size: 12pt; font-variant-ligatures: none; line-height: 19.425px; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; user-select: text;" xml:lang="EN-US"><span class="NormalTextRun SCXW4687407 BCX0" style="-webkit-tap-highlight-color: transparent; -webkit-user-drag: none; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; user-select: text;">Once thought to be a safe investment for many, the cryptocurrency exchange FTX lost billions of dollars and lied to its investors and clients through their fraudulent acts with customer funds. FTX funneled customer funds illegally to Alameda Research to </span><span class="NormalTextRun SCXW4687407 BCX0" style="-webkit-tap-highlight-color: transparent; -webkit-user-drag: none; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; user-select: text;">participate</span><span class="NormalTextRun SCXW4687407 BCX0" style="-webkit-tap-highlight-color: transparent; -webkit-user-drag: none; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; user-select: text;"> in high-risk trading, which </span><span class="NormalTextRun SCXW4687407 BCX0" style="-webkit-tap-highlight-color: transparent; -webkit-user-drag: none; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; user-select: text;">ultimately led</span><span class="NormalTextRun SCXW4687407 BCX0" style="-webkit-tap-highlight-color: transparent; -webkit-user-drag: none; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; user-select: text;"> to their demise. They were forced into bankruptcy by November 11 because the value of one of their largest volatile investments, FTT, crashed and they were unable to return their clients' money since they had none left. </span></span><span class="EOP SCXW4687407 BCX0" data-ccp-props="{"201341983":0,"335559731":720,"335559739":160,"335559740":259}" style="-webkit-tap-highlight-color: transparent; -webkit-user-drag: none; font-family: "Times New Roman", "Times New Roman_EmbeddedFont", "Times New Roman_MSFontService", serif; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 19.425px; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; user-select: text;"> </span><p></p></div><div class="OutlineElement Ltr SCXW4687407 BCX0" style="-webkit-tap-highlight-color: transparent; -webkit-user-drag: none; clear: both; cursor: text; direction: ltr; margin: 0px; overflow: visible; padding: 0px; position: relative; user-select: text;"><p class="Paragraph SCXW4687407 BCX0" paraeid="{8173c8de-01e3-4f9b-939b-d7b35fc9e3c7}{48}" paraid="937418844" style="-webkit-tap-highlight-color: transparent; -webkit-user-drag: none; background-color: transparent; color: windowtext; font-kerning: none; margin: 0px; overflow-wrap: break-word; padding: 0px; text-indent: 48px; user-select: text; vertical-align: baseline; white-space: pre-wrap;"><span class="TextRun SCXW4687407 BCX0" data-contrast="none" lang="EN-US" style="-webkit-tap-highlight-color: transparent; -webkit-user-drag: none; font-family: "Times New Roman", "Times New Roman_EmbeddedFont", "Times New Roman_MSFontService", serif; font-size: 12pt; font-variant-ligatures: none; line-height: 19.425px; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; user-select: text;" xml:lang="EN-US"><span class="NormalTextRun SCXW4687407 BCX0" style="-webkit-tap-highlight-color: transparent; -webkit-user-drag: none; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; user-select: text;">Individualists support the ideology that an entity's only ethical goal should be maximizing profits as long as it remains inside the law.</span><span class="NormalTextRun SCXW4687407 BCX0" style="-webkit-tap-highlight-color: transparent; -webkit-user-drag: none; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; user-select: text;"> An individualist would not support the actions that took place at FTX, as Sam Bankman-Fried participated in illegal activities </span><span class="NormalTextRun SCXW4687407 BCX0" style="-webkit-tap-highlight-color: transparent; -webkit-user-drag: none; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; user-select: text;">through the use of</span><span class="NormalTextRun SCXW4687407 BCX0" style="-webkit-tap-highlight-color: transparent; -webkit-user-drag: none; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; user-select: text;"> customer funds for his own personal gain. A Utilitarians' ethical focus is to maximize happiness for the majority. They would look down upon FTX as the controversy continues to unravel, we find </span><span class="NormalTextRun SCXW4687407 BCX0" style="-webkit-tap-highlight-color: transparent; -webkit-user-drag: none; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; user-select: text;">more and more</span><span class="NormalTextRun SCXW4687407 BCX0" style="-webkit-tap-highlight-color: transparent; -webkit-user-drag: none; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; user-select: text;"> fraud and lies that SBF told to keep himself and a handful of others safe. A very selfish act that ignores the millions of people that lost an enormous amount of money due to his actions. Kantians look at the decisions made by an individual person, focusing on the motivation behind each action. A Kantian would evaluate the CEO of FTX, Sam Bankman-Fried, and his decision to use customer funds to make risky investments as unethical because it is against the law, and they disrespected their customers by using their hard-earned money for personal gain. Lastly, virtue theory looks at the character of an individual through the four virtues of character: courage, temperance, justice, and honesty. FTX violated all these virtues, first by lying to their customers, taking their money, and then avoiding the law by denying their participation in illegal acts. To this day SBF actively </span><span class="NormalTextRun SCXW4687407 BCX0" style="-webkit-tap-highlight-color: transparent; -webkit-user-drag: none; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; user-select: text;">participates</span><span class="NormalTextRun SCXW4687407 BCX0" style="-webkit-tap-highlight-color: transparent; -webkit-user-drag: none; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; user-select: text;"> in interviews trying to polish his image by denying his involvement in the actions that took place. </span><span class="NormalTextRun SCXW4687407 BCX0" style="-webkit-tap-highlight-color: transparent; -webkit-user-drag: none; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; user-select: text;">I believe regulations</span><span class="NormalTextRun SCXW4687407 BCX0" style="-webkit-tap-highlight-color: transparent; -webkit-user-drag: none; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; user-select: text;"> need to be added to the cryptocurrency market so exchanges and trading firms can be </span><span class="NormalTextRun SCXW4687407 BCX0" style="-webkit-tap-highlight-color: transparent; -webkit-user-drag: none; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; user-select: text;">monitored</span><span class="NormalTextRun SCXW4687407 BCX0" style="-webkit-tap-highlight-color: transparent; -webkit-user-drag: none; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; user-select: text;"> more closely, and it will </span><span class="NormalTextRun SCXW4687407 BCX0" style="-webkit-tap-highlight-color: transparent; -webkit-user-drag: none; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; user-select: text;">likely reduce</span><span class="NormalTextRun SCXW4687407 BCX0" style="-webkit-tap-highlight-color: transparent; -webkit-user-drag: none; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; user-select: text;"> the amount of fraud inside the industry. </span></span><span class="EOP SCXW4687407 BCX0" data-ccp-props="{"201341983":0,"335559731":720,"335559739":160,"335559740":259}" style="-webkit-tap-highlight-color: transparent; -webkit-user-drag: none; font-family: "Times New Roman", "Times New Roman_EmbeddedFont", "Times New Roman_MSFontService", serif; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 19.425px; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; user-select: text;"> </span></p></div><div class="OutlineElement Ltr SCXW4687407 BCX0" style="-webkit-tap-highlight-color: transparent; -webkit-user-drag: none; clear: both; cursor: text; direction: ltr; margin: 0px; overflow: visible; padding: 0px; position: relative; user-select: text;"><p class="Paragraph SCXW4687407 BCX0" paraeid="{8173c8de-01e3-4f9b-939b-d7b35fc9e3c7}{57}" paraid="1140558308" style="-webkit-tap-highlight-color: transparent; -webkit-user-drag: none; background-color: transparent; color: windowtext; font-kerning: none; margin: 0px; overflow-wrap: break-word; padding: 0px; user-select: text; vertical-align: baseline; white-space: pre-wrap;"><span class="TextRun SCXW4687407 BCX0" data-contrast="none" lang="EN-US" style="-webkit-tap-highlight-color: transparent; -webkit-user-drag: none; color: #4471c4; font-family: "Times New Roman", "Times New Roman_EmbeddedFont", "Times New Roman_MSFontService", serif; font-size: 12pt; font-variant-ligatures: none; line-height: 19.425px; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; user-select: text;" xml:lang="EN-US">Background </span><span class="EOP SCXW4687407 BCX0" data-ccp-props="{"201341983":0,"335559739":160,"335559740":259}" style="-webkit-tap-highlight-color: transparent; -webkit-user-drag: none; color: #4471c4; font-family: "Times New Roman", "Times New Roman_EmbeddedFont", "Times New Roman_MSFontService", serif; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 19.425px; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; user-select: text;"> </span></p></div><div class="OutlineElement Ltr SCXW4687407 BCX0" style="-webkit-tap-highlight-color: transparent; -webkit-user-drag: none; clear: both; cursor: text; direction: ltr; margin: 0px; overflow: visible; padding: 0px; position: relative; user-select: text;"><p class="Paragraph SCXW4687407 BCX0" paraeid="{8173c8de-01e3-4f9b-939b-d7b35fc9e3c7}{64}" paraid="1037120613" style="-webkit-tap-highlight-color: transparent; -webkit-user-drag: none; background-color: transparent; color: windowtext; font-kerning: none; margin: 0px; overflow-wrap: break-word; padding: 0px; text-indent: 48px; user-select: text; vertical-align: baseline; white-space: pre-wrap;"><span class="TextRun SCXW4687407 BCX0" data-contrast="none" lang="EN-US" style="-webkit-tap-highlight-color: transparent; -webkit-user-drag: none; font-family: "Times New Roman", "Times New Roman_EmbeddedFont", "Times New Roman_MSFontService", serif; font-size: 12pt; font-variant-ligatures: none; line-height: 19.425px; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; user-select: text;" xml:lang="EN-US"><span class="NormalTextRun SCXW4687407 BCX0" style="-webkit-tap-highlight-color: transparent; -webkit-user-drag: none; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; user-select: text;">When talking about FTX, we must talk about Sam Bankman-Fried, the </span><span class="NormalTextRun SCXW4687407 BCX0" style="-webkit-tap-highlight-color: transparent; -webkit-user-drag: none; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; user-select: text;">supposed reason</span><span class="NormalTextRun SCXW4687407 BCX0" style="-webkit-tap-highlight-color: transparent; -webkit-user-drag: none; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; user-select: text;"> that FTX collapsed. SBF is well-known for his altruistic behavior, </span><span class="NormalTextRun SCXW4687407 BCX0" style="-webkit-tap-highlight-color: transparent; -webkit-user-drag: none; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; user-select: text;">stating</span><span class="NormalTextRun SCXW4687407 BCX0" style="-webkit-tap-highlight-color: transparent; -webkit-user-drag: none; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; user-select: text;"> that he has donated upwards of $40 million to the Democratic Party. He was born into wealth, as both of his parents are successful Stanford Law Professors who regularly donated money previously. SBF attended </span><span class="NormalTextRun SCXW4687407 BCX0" style="-webkit-tap-highlight-color: transparent; -webkit-user-drag: none; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; user-select: text;">MIT</span><span class="NormalTextRun SCXW4687407 BCX0" style="-webkit-tap-highlight-color: transparent; -webkit-user-drag: none; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; user-select: text;"> (Massachusetts Institute of Technology) (Massachusetts Institute of Technology), where he obtained a summer internship with JSC (Jane State Capital), a trading firm, then continued his career full-time in market </span></span></p><table cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="tr-caption-container" style="float: left;"><tbody><tr><td style="text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/a/AVvXsEiagBw9cpLYuZ8SNkn8iGX-jM5WADpz_gwMrbaisNzYnCdsoCDRMtIVGxJFZzQW7OJanlwVvCU3uZa5tIdeH-816UMvzveU1oDtTy7StvXXZjE6GOkCbXPYcl1gkxDuadYbf4KWBrucfLoqW2bmmopIHXOq7-DM42_4aNeahT7g8GVFhpw6t1rXPKpYRA" style="clear: left; margin-bottom: 1em; margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><img alt="" data-original-height="213" data-original-width="320" height="213" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/a/AVvXsEiagBw9cpLYuZ8SNkn8iGX-jM5WADpz_gwMrbaisNzYnCdsoCDRMtIVGxJFZzQW7OJanlwVvCU3uZa5tIdeH-816UMvzveU1oDtTy7StvXXZjE6GOkCbXPYcl1gkxDuadYbf4KWBrucfLoqW2bmmopIHXOq7-DM42_4aNeahT7g8GVFhpw6t1rXPKpYRA" width="320" /></a></td></tr><tr><td class="tr-caption" style="text-align: center;"><b><span style="color: #666666; font-family: arial; font-size: medium;"><i>Picture of Sam Bankman-Fried</i></span></b></td></tr></tbody></table><span class="TextRun SCXW4687407 BCX0" data-contrast="none" lang="EN-US" style="-webkit-tap-highlight-color: transparent; -webkit-user-drag: none; font-family: "Times New Roman", "Times New Roman_EmbeddedFont", "Times New Roman_MSFontService", serif; font-size: 12pt; font-variant-ligatures: none; line-height: 19.425px; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; user-select: text;" xml:lang="EN-US"><span class="NormalTextRun SCXW4687407 BCX0" style="-webkit-tap-highlight-color: transparent; -webkit-user-drag: none; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; user-select: text;">trading at JSC after graduating with a BA in physics and a minor in math. After working at JSC for a couple of years, SBF created his own trading firm alongside Tara Mac Aulay, an employee of the Centre for Effective Altruism, which he previously took part in when he moved to Berkley, California, and developed Alameda Research in September 2017. Alameda Research was able to generate its earnings through an arbitrage trade cleverly set up by SBF, moving bitcoin from the USA to Japan. SBF used his newfound fortune to venture into the cryptocurrency world, eventually launching FTX with a former Google employee and friend, Gary Wang, in May of 2019; FTX was purposely based in Hong Kong, where digital assets are not clearly regulated. In September of 2021, FTX would move its headquarters to the Bahamas due to the harsh COVID-19 restrictions in Hong Kong and the favorable regulatory environment created by the newly passed Dare Act, where it now </span><span class="NormalTextRun SCXW4687407 BCX0" style="-webkit-tap-highlight-color: transparent; -webkit-user-drag: none; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; user-select: text;">resides</span><span class="NormalTextRun SCXW4687407 BCX0" style="-webkit-tap-highlight-color: transparent; -webkit-user-drag: none; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; user-select: text;"> to this day. </span></span><span class="EOP SCXW4687407 BCX0" data-ccp-props="{"201341983":0,"335559731":720,"335559739":160,"335559740":259}" style="-webkit-tap-highlight-color: transparent; -webkit-user-drag: none; font-family: "Times New Roman", "Times New Roman_EmbeddedFont", "Times New Roman_MSFontService", serif; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 19.425px; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; user-select: text;"> </span><p></p></div><div class="OutlineElement Ltr SCXW4687407 BCX0" style="-webkit-tap-highlight-color: transparent; -webkit-user-drag: none; clear: both; cursor: text; direction: ltr; margin: 0px; overflow: visible; padding: 0px; position: relative; user-select: text;"><p class="Paragraph SCXW4687407 BCX0" paraeid="{8173c8de-01e3-4f9b-939b-d7b35fc9e3c7}{73}" paraid="5243493" style="-webkit-tap-highlight-color: transparent; -webkit-user-drag: none; background-color: transparent; color: windowtext; font-kerning: none; margin: 0px; overflow-wrap: break-word; padding: 0px; user-select: text; vertical-align: baseline; white-space: pre-wrap;"><span class="TextRun SCXW4687407 BCX0" data-contrast="none" lang="EN-US" style="-webkit-tap-highlight-color: transparent; -webkit-user-drag: none; color: #4471c4; font-family: "Times New Roman", "Times New Roman_EmbeddedFont", "Times New Roman_MSFontService", serif; font-size: 12pt; font-variant-ligatures: none; line-height: 19.425px; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; user-select: text;" xml:lang="EN-US">Controversy </span><span class="EOP SCXW4687407 BCX0" data-ccp-props="{"201341983":0,"335559739":160,"335559740":259}" style="-webkit-tap-highlight-color: transparent; -webkit-user-drag: none; color: #4471c4; font-family: "Times New Roman", "Times New Roman_EmbeddedFont", "Times New Roman_MSFontService", serif; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 19.425px; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; user-select: text;"> </span></p></div><div class="OutlineElement Ltr SCXW4687407 BCX0" style="-webkit-tap-highlight-color: transparent; -webkit-user-drag: none; clear: both; cursor: text; direction: ltr; margin: 0px; overflow: visible; padding: 0px; position: relative; user-select: text;"><p class="Paragraph SCXW4687407 BCX0" paraeid="{8173c8de-01e3-4f9b-939b-d7b35fc9e3c7}{80}" paraid="1666146318" style="-webkit-tap-highlight-color: transparent; -webkit-user-drag: none; background-color: transparent; color: windowtext; font-kerning: none; margin: 0px; overflow-wrap: break-word; padding: 0px; text-indent: 48px; user-select: text; vertical-align: baseline; white-space: pre-wrap;"><span class="TextRun SCXW4687407 BCX0" data-contrast="none" lang="EN-US" style="-webkit-tap-highlight-color: transparent; -webkit-user-drag: none; font-family: "Times New Roman", "Times New Roman_EmbeddedFont", "Times New Roman_MSFontService", serif; font-size: 12pt; font-variant-ligatures: none; line-height: 19.425px; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; user-select: text;" xml:lang="EN-US"><span class="NormalTextRun SCXW4687407 BCX0" style="-webkit-tap-highlight-color: transparent; -webkit-user-drag: none; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; user-select: text;">FTX was created in May of 2019 by SBF and Co-Founder Gary Wang; its beginnings can be traced back to a trading firm referred to as Alameda Research. Alameda Research was started by SBF and his close friends, along with </span><span class="NormalTextRun SCXW4687407 BCX0" style="-webkit-tap-highlight-color: transparent; -webkit-user-drag: none; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; user-select: text;">previous</span><span class="NormalTextRun SCXW4687407 BCX0" style="-webkit-tap-highlight-color: transparent; -webkit-user-drag: none; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; user-select: text;"> employees from his last place of employment, Jane Street Capital. The controversies surrounding FTX began to appear when it was leaked that SBF's own Alameda Research was heavily invested in FTX's crypto token, FTT. With this information, two things became </span><span class="NormalTextRun SCXW4687407 BCX0" style="-webkit-tap-highlight-color: transparent; -webkit-user-drag: none; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; user-select: text;">apparent</span><span class="NormalTextRun SCXW4687407 BCX0" style="-webkit-tap-highlight-color: transparent; -webkit-user-drag: none; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; user-select: text;">: FTX was using their clients' investments as a safety net to invest in otherwise risky businesses, and they must be lacking significant funds to be investing in a source of income that is highly volatile. It soon became </span><span class="NormalTextRun SCXW4687407 BCX0" style="-webkit-tap-highlight-color: transparent; -webkit-user-drag: none; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; user-select: text;">apparent</span><span class="NormalTextRun SCXW4687407 BCX0" style="-webkit-tap-highlight-color: transparent; -webkit-user-drag: none; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; user-select: text;"> that this entire situation is a textbook Ponzi scheme in which investors are promised a higher return on their investment with </span><span class="NormalTextRun SCXW4687407 BCX0" style="-webkit-tap-highlight-color: transparent; -webkit-user-drag: none; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; user-select: text;">little risk</span><span class="NormalTextRun SCXW4687407 BCX0" style="-webkit-tap-highlight-color: transparent; -webkit-user-drag: none; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; user-select: text;"> to the investor, creating new money from new investors and repaying </span><span class="NormalTextRun SCXW4687407 BCX0" style="-webkit-tap-highlight-color: transparent; -webkit-user-drag: none; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; user-select: text;">previous</span><span class="NormalTextRun SCXW4687407 BCX0" style="-webkit-tap-highlight-color: transparent; -webkit-user-drag: none; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; user-select: text;"> investors. FTX invested its customers' funds in its own FTT token, promising investors a higher return on their investment. This effectively inflated the value of FTT and generated revenue from customers continuing to invest. The foundation of this scheme for FTX was their FTT token; provided that the value of this token remained at a constant or increasing value, they could make money and pay back the investor funds they used to inflate its value. SBF also used customer funds to pay off loans for Alameda Research and make risky investments, which is very illegal but also keeps the trading firm afloat and made him more money. Further investigation revealed that many of these cryptocurrency exchanges, one of which is </span><span class="NormalTextRun SCXW4687407 BCX0" style="-webkit-tap-highlight-color: transparent; -webkit-user-drag: none; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; user-select: text;">Binance</span><span class="NormalTextRun SCXW4687407 BCX0" style="-webkit-tap-highlight-color: transparent; -webkit-user-drag: none; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; user-select: text;">, use a similar method, using their own crypto tokens to back up their business, showing the volatility of the entire industry. </span><span class="NormalTextRun SCXW4687407 BCX0" style="-webkit-tap-highlight-color: transparent; -webkit-user-drag: none; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; user-select: text;">Realistically, these exchanges </span><span class="NormalTextRun SCXW4687407 BCX0" style="-webkit-tap-highlight-color: transparent; -webkit-user-drag: none; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; user-select: text;">can't</span><span class="NormalTextRun SCXW4687407 BCX0" style="-webkit-tap-highlight-color: transparent; -webkit-user-drag: none; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; user-select: text;"> afford to stay in business without investing money to create more money, </span><span class="NormalTextRun SCXW4687407 BCX0" style="-webkit-tap-highlight-color: transparent; -webkit-user-drag: none; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; user-select: text;">very similar</span><span class="NormalTextRun SCXW4687407 BCX0" style="-webkit-tap-highlight-color: transparent; -webkit-user-drag: none; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; user-select: text;"> to a bank, but since the crypto market is unregulated, there are no promises as to what could happen to investors' money, creating business models that will </span><span class="NormalTextRun SCXW4687407 BCX0" style="-webkit-tap-highlight-color: transparent; -webkit-user-drag: none; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; user-select: text;">almost always</span><span class="NormalTextRun SCXW4687407 BCX0" style="-webkit-tap-highlight-color: transparent; -webkit-user-drag: none; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; user-select: text;"> fail </span><span class="NormalTextRun SCXW4687407 BCX0" style="-webkit-tap-highlight-color: transparent; -webkit-user-drag: none; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; user-select: text;">in the long run</span><span class="NormalTextRun SCXW4687407 BCX0" style="-webkit-tap-highlight-color: transparent; -webkit-user-drag: none; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; user-select: text;">.</span><span class="NormalTextRun SCXW4687407 BCX0" style="-webkit-tap-highlight-color: transparent; -webkit-user-drag: none; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; user-select: text;"> One of the top exchanges, Coinbase, has proven that they </span><span class="NormalTextRun SCXW4687407 BCX0" style="-webkit-tap-highlight-color: transparent; -webkit-user-drag: none; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; user-select: text;">aren't</span><span class="NormalTextRun SCXW4687407 BCX0" style="-webkit-tap-highlight-color: transparent; -webkit-user-drag: none; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; user-select: text;"> backed by their investors' investments, making money by taking a percentage of a customer's investment for themselves, but even then, we can see the rapid decline of Coinbase as there </span><span class="NormalTextRun SCXW4687407 BCX0" style="-webkit-tap-highlight-color: transparent; -webkit-user-drag: none; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; user-select: text;">isn't</span><span class="NormalTextRun SCXW4687407 BCX0" style="-webkit-tap-highlight-color: transparent; -webkit-user-drag: none; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; user-select: text;"> enough profit being made to stay in business</span><span class="NormalTextRun SCXW4687407 BCX0" style="-webkit-tap-highlight-color: transparent; -webkit-user-drag: none; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; user-select: text;">. </span></span><span class="EOP SCXW4687407 BCX0" data-ccp-props="{"201341983":0,"335559731":720,"335559739":160,"335559740":259}" style="-webkit-tap-highlight-color: transparent; -webkit-user-drag: none; font-family: "Times New Roman", "Times New Roman_EmbeddedFont", "Times New Roman_MSFontService", serif; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 19.425px; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; user-select: text;"> </span></p></div><div class="OutlineElement Ltr SCXW4687407 BCX0" style="-webkit-tap-highlight-color: transparent; -webkit-user-drag: none; clear: both; cursor: text; direction: ltr; margin: 0px; overflow: visible; padding: 0px; position: relative; user-select: text;"><p class="Paragraph SCXW4687407 BCX0" paraeid="{8173c8de-01e3-4f9b-939b-d7b35fc9e3c7}{89}" paraid="1690375179" style="-webkit-tap-highlight-color: transparent; -webkit-user-drag: none; background-color: transparent; color: windowtext; font-kerning: none; margin: 0px; overflow-wrap: break-word; padding: 0px; text-indent: 48px; user-select: text; vertical-align: baseline; white-space: pre-wrap;"><span class="TextRun SCXW4687407 BCX0" data-contrast="none" lang="EN-US" style="-webkit-tap-highlight-color: transparent; -webkit-user-drag: none; font-family: "Times New Roman", "Times New Roman_EmbeddedFont", "Times New Roman_MSFontService", serif; font-size: 12pt; font-variant-ligatures: none; line-height: 19.425px; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; user-select: text;" xml:lang="EN-US">Following the discovery that the value of the FTT token was the exact amount of the customers' deposits and that the entire exchange was based on this token, people realized that if everyone asked for their money back, they would not be paid the amount promised because the value of the token would decrease as it was sold. T</span><span class="TextRun SCXW4687407 BCX0" data-contrast="none" lang="EN-US" style="-webkit-tap-highlight-color: transparent; -webkit-user-drag: none; color: #252525; font-family: "Times New Roman", "Times New Roman_EmbeddedFont", "Times New Roman_MSFontService", serif; font-size: 12pt; font-variant-ligatures: none; line-height: 19.425px; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; user-select: text;" xml:lang="EN-US"><span class="NormalTextRun SCXW4687407 BCX0" style="-webkit-tap-highlight-color: transparent; -webkit-user-drag: none; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; user-select: text;">he divulgence of this information led the CEO of </span><span class="NormalTextRun SCXW4687407 BCX0" style="-webkit-tap-highlight-color: transparent; -webkit-user-drag: none; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; user-select: text;">Binance</span><span class="NormalTextRun SCXW4687407 BCX0" style="-webkit-tap-highlight-color: transparent; -webkit-user-drag: none; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; user-select: text;">, </span><span class="NormalTextRun SCXW4687407 BCX0" style="-webkit-tap-highlight-color: transparent; -webkit-user-drag: none; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; user-select: text;">Changpeng</span><span class="NormalTextRun SCXW4687407 BCX0" style="-webkit-tap-highlight-color: transparent; -webkit-user-drag: none; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; user-select: text;"> Zhao, </span></span></p><table cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="tr-caption-container" style="float: left;"><tbody><tr><td style="text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/a/AVvXsEgda0_BkMKvfuvPWIunwVmj5p3aby5fPRipMd20h7CKHTXwMLvJ4KMYP4IKAJhorH3Qw3UVxX1zqSUO6kbWvvJe5sWCcwDFkgMeyaAvWOu6Je2VnR2rgqKo8WD_XSN7kRO03txeLYCo9uGRU3ie3PJd4WP3xaF2TI6E8PgvoMfDAH3fc89uYdG3t4a86w" style="clear: left; margin-bottom: 1em; margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><img alt="" data-original-height="300" data-original-width="400" height="240" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/a/AVvXsEgda0_BkMKvfuvPWIunwVmj5p3aby5fPRipMd20h7CKHTXwMLvJ4KMYP4IKAJhorH3Qw3UVxX1zqSUO6kbWvvJe5sWCcwDFkgMeyaAvWOu6Je2VnR2rgqKo8WD_XSN7kRO03txeLYCo9uGRU3ie3PJd4WP3xaF2TI6E8PgvoMfDAH3fc89uYdG3t4a86w" width="320" /></a></td></tr><tr><td class="tr-caption" style="text-align: center;"><b><span style="color: #666666; font-family: arial; font-size: medium;"><i>The price of the FTT after it plummeted</i></span></b></td></tr></tbody></table><span class="TextRun SCXW4687407 BCX0" data-contrast="none" lang="EN-US" style="-webkit-tap-highlight-color: transparent; -webkit-user-drag: none; color: #252525; font-family: "Times New Roman", "Times New Roman_EmbeddedFont", "Times New Roman_MSFontService", serif; font-size: 12pt; font-variant-ligatures: none; line-height: 19.425px; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; user-select: text;" xml:lang="EN-US"><span class="NormalTextRun SCXW4687407 BCX0" style="-webkit-tap-highlight-color: transparent; -webkit-user-drag: none; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; user-select: text;">to sell his holdings of FTT tokens, in which he was heavily invested in, which in turn caused the token's value to diminish greatly. People quickly realize that they </span><span class="NormalTextRun SCXW4687407 BCX0" style="-webkit-tap-highlight-color: transparent; -webkit-user-drag: none; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; user-select: text;">won't</span><span class="NormalTextRun SCXW4687407 BCX0" style="-webkit-tap-highlight-color: transparent; -webkit-user-drag: none; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; user-select: text;"> make their money back and frantically sell their holdings to </span><span class="NormalTextRun SCXW4687407 BCX0" style="-webkit-tap-highlight-color: transparent; -webkit-user-drag: none; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; user-select: text;">maintain</span><span class="NormalTextRun SCXW4687407 BCX0" style="-webkit-tap-highlight-color: transparent; -webkit-user-drag: none; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; user-select: text;"> the cash amount they initially invested, effectively crashing the entire worth of the token; FTX completely collapses, they have no money left, and the outcome is looking bleak. To prevent the destruction of the market, larger corporations like </span><span class="NormalTextRun SCXW4687407 BCX0" style="-webkit-tap-highlight-color: transparent; -webkit-user-drag: none; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; user-select: text;">Binance</span><span class="NormalTextRun SCXW4687407 BCX0" style="-webkit-tap-highlight-color: transparent; -webkit-user-drag: none; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; user-select: text;">, one of FTX's rivals, </span><span class="NormalTextRun SCXW4687407 BCX0" style="-webkit-tap-highlight-color: transparent; -webkit-user-drag: none; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; user-select: text;">attempted</span><span class="NormalTextRun SCXW4687407 BCX0" style="-webkit-tap-highlight-color: transparent; -webkit-user-drag: none; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; user-select: text;"> to buy out the business entirely, not realizing the amount of debt they were truly in. </span><span class="NormalTextRun SCXW4687407 BCX0" style="-webkit-tap-highlight-color: transparent; -webkit-user-drag: none; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; user-select: text;">Binance</span><span class="NormalTextRun SCXW4687407 BCX0" style="-webkit-tap-highlight-color: transparent; -webkit-user-drag: none; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; user-select: text;">, as well as many other companies, decide not to purchase FTX, as doing so would make them lose money </span><span class="NormalTextRun SCXW4687407 BCX0" style="-webkit-tap-highlight-color: transparent; -webkit-user-drag: none; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; user-select: text;">in the long run</span><span class="NormalTextRun SCXW4687407 BCX0" style="-webkit-tap-highlight-color: transparent; -webkit-user-drag: none; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; user-select: text;">; FTX is unable to pay back their investors, leaving many celebrities and companies, such as TSM and Tom Brady without their return on investment, losing them hundreds of millions of dollars. </span></span><span class="EOP SCXW4687407 BCX0" data-ccp-props="{"201341983":0,"335559731":720,"335559739":160,"335559740":259}" style="-webkit-tap-highlight-color: transparent; -webkit-user-drag: none; color: #252525; font-family: "Times New Roman", "Times New Roman_EmbeddedFont", "Times New Roman_MSFontService", serif; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 19.425px; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; user-select: text;"> </span><p></p></div><div class="OutlineElement Ltr SCXW4687407 BCX0" style="-webkit-tap-highlight-color: transparent; -webkit-user-drag: none; clear: both; cursor: text; direction: ltr; margin: 0px; overflow: visible; padding: 0px; position: relative; user-select: text;"><p class="Paragraph SCXW4687407 BCX0" paraeid="{8173c8de-01e3-4f9b-939b-d7b35fc9e3c7}{98}" paraid="525653116" style="-webkit-tap-highlight-color: transparent; -webkit-user-drag: none; background-color: transparent; color: windowtext; font-kerning: none; margin: 0px; overflow-wrap: break-word; padding: 0px; text-indent: 48px; user-select: text; vertical-align: baseline; white-space: pre-wrap;"><span class="TextRun SCXW4687407 BCX0" data-contrast="none" lang="EN-US" style="-webkit-tap-highlight-color: transparent; -webkit-user-drag: none; color: #252525; font-family: "Times New Roman", "Times New Roman_EmbeddedFont", "Times New Roman_MSFontService", serif; font-size: 12pt; font-variant-ligatures: none; line-height: 19.425px; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; user-select: text;" xml:lang="EN-US"><span class="NormalTextRun SCXW4687407 BCX0" style="-webkit-tap-highlight-color: transparent; -webkit-user-drag: none; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; user-select: text;">Throughout the demise of FTX, the Securities Commission of The Bahamas, the U.S. Securities and Exchange Commission (SEC), and the U.S. Department of Justice (</span><span class="NormalTextRun SCXW4687407 BCX0" style="-webkit-tap-highlight-color: transparent; -webkit-user-drag: none; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; user-select: text;">DoJ</span><span class="NormalTextRun SCXW4687407 BCX0" style="-webkit-tap-highlight-color: transparent; -webkit-user-drag: none; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; user-select: text;">) launched their investigations into FTX. The Securities Commission of The Bahamas took it upon themselves to freeze all assets related to FTX along with those affiliated with them, releasing a statement saying, "The Securities Commission of The Bahamas (the Commission) took action to freeze assets of FTX Digital Markets and related parties. The Commission also suspended the registration and applied to the Supreme Court of The Bahamas for the appointment of a provisional liquidator of FTX Digital Markets Ltd."</span></span><span class="TextRun SCXW4687407 BCX0" data-contrast="none" lang="EN-US" style="-webkit-tap-highlight-color: transparent; -webkit-user-drag: none; font-family: "Times New Roman", "Times New Roman_EmbeddedFont", "Times New Roman_MSFontService", serif; font-size: 12pt; font-variant-ligatures: none; line-height: 19.425px; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; user-select: text;" xml:lang="EN-US"><span class="NormalTextRun SCXW4687407 BCX0" style="-webkit-tap-highlight-color: transparent; -webkit-user-drag: none; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; user-select: text;"> (Securities Commission of The Bahamas 1)</span><span class="NormalTextRun SCXW4687407 BCX0" style="-webkit-tap-highlight-color: transparent; -webkit-user-drag: none; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; user-select: text;">.</span></span><span class="TextRun SCXW4687407 BCX0" data-contrast="none" lang="EN-US" style="-webkit-tap-highlight-color: transparent; -webkit-user-drag: none; color: #252525; font-family: "Times New Roman", "Times New Roman_EmbeddedFont", "Times New Roman_MSFontService", serif; font-size: 12pt; font-variant-ligatures: none; line-height: 19.425px; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; user-select: text;" xml:lang="EN-US"><span class="NormalTextRun SCXW4687407 BCX0" style="-webkit-tap-highlight-color: transparent; -webkit-user-drag: none; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; user-select: text;"> </span><span class="NormalTextRun SCXW4687407 BCX0" style="-webkit-tap-highlight-color: transparent; -webkit-user-drag: none; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; user-select: text;">On November 11, </span></span><span class="TextRun SCXW4687407 BCX0" data-contrast="none" lang="EN-US" style="-webkit-tap-highlight-color: transparent; -webkit-user-drag: none; font-family: "Times New Roman", "Times New Roman_EmbeddedFont", "Times New Roman_MSFontService", serif; font-size: 12pt; font-variant-ligatures: none; line-height: 19.425px; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; user-select: text;" xml:lang="EN-US"><span class="NormalTextRun SCXW4687407 BCX0" style="-webkit-tap-highlight-color: transparent; -webkit-user-drag: none; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; user-select: text;">FTX would quickly file for bankruptcy after this regulation was put in place, and CEO Sam Bankman-Fried resigned, appointing John Ray to liquidate the company. In a statement submitted to the United States Bankruptcy Court in the District of Delaware, John Ray, a well-known liquidator of large corporations that were involved in scandals similar to FTX, claims on November 17, "Never in my career have I seen such a complete failure of corporate controls and such a complete absence of trustworthy financial information as occurred here," (IN THE UNITED STATES BANKRUPTCY COURT FOR THE DISTRICT OF DELAWARE 5) demonstrating the extent of fraud associated with FTX. On November 14, a few days after the declaration of bankruptcy, it was found that between </span><span class="NormalTextRun SCXW4687407 BCX0" style="-webkit-tap-highlight-color: transparent; -webkit-user-drag: none; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; user-select: text;">$1 billion</span><span class="NormalTextRun SCXW4687407 BCX0" style="-webkit-tap-highlight-color: transparent; -webkit-user-drag: none; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; user-select: text;"> and </span><span class="NormalTextRun SCXW4687407 BCX0" style="-webkit-tap-highlight-color: transparent; -webkit-user-drag: none; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; user-select: text;">$2 billion</span><span class="NormalTextRun SCXW4687407 BCX0" style="-webkit-tap-highlight-color: transparent; -webkit-user-drag: none; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; user-select: text;"> of FTX customer funds had </span><span class="NormalTextRun SCXW4687407 BCX0" style="-webkit-tap-highlight-color: transparent; -webkit-user-drag: none; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; user-select: text;">seemingly disappeared</span><span class="NormalTextRun SCXW4687407 BCX0" style="-webkit-tap-highlight-color: transparent; -webkit-user-drag: none; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; user-select: text;">. SBF has </span><span class="NormalTextRun SCXW4687407 BCX0" style="-webkit-tap-highlight-color: transparent; -webkit-user-drag: none; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; user-select: text;">publicly stated</span><span class="NormalTextRun SCXW4687407 BCX0" style="-webkit-tap-highlight-color: transparent; -webkit-user-drag: none; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; user-select: text;"> that he transferred upwards of ten billion dollars of customer funds to his trading firm, Alameda Research; </span><span class="NormalTextRun SCXW4687407 BCX0" style="-webkit-tap-highlight-color: transparent; -webkit-user-drag: none; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; user-select: text;">the majority of</span><span class="NormalTextRun SCXW4687407 BCX0" style="-webkit-tap-highlight-color: transparent; -webkit-user-drag: none; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; user-select: text;"> that money has also seemingly vanished, raising </span><span class="NormalTextRun SCXW4687407 BCX0" style="-webkit-tap-highlight-color: transparent; -webkit-user-drag: none; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; user-select: text;">suspicions</span><span class="NormalTextRun SCXW4687407 BCX0" style="-webkit-tap-highlight-color: transparent; -webkit-user-drag: none; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; user-select: text;"> and </span><span class="NormalTextRun SCXW4687407 BCX0" style="-webkit-tap-highlight-color: transparent; -webkit-user-drag: none; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; user-select: text;">indicating</span><span class="NormalTextRun SCXW4687407 BCX0" style="-webkit-tap-highlight-color: transparent; -webkit-user-drag: none; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; user-select: text;"> fraudulent acts towards FTX's financial bookkeeping. The involvement of the SEC and the </span><span class="NormalTextRun SCXW4687407 BCX0" style="-webkit-tap-highlight-color: transparent; -webkit-user-drag: none; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; user-select: text;">DoJ</span><span class="NormalTextRun SCXW4687407 BCX0" style="-webkit-tap-highlight-color: transparent; -webkit-user-drag: none; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; user-select: text;"> will </span><span class="NormalTextRun SCXW4687407 BCX0" style="-webkit-tap-highlight-color: transparent; -webkit-user-drag: none; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; user-select: text;">likely produce</span><span class="NormalTextRun SCXW4687407 BCX0" style="-webkit-tap-highlight-color: transparent; -webkit-user-drag: none; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; user-select: text;"> an unfavorable outcome for the crypto market, putting more regulation on crypto which was purposely created so the government </span><span class="NormalTextRun SCXW4687407 BCX0" style="-webkit-tap-highlight-color: transparent; -webkit-user-drag: none; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; user-select: text;">wouldn’t</span><span class="NormalTextRun SCXW4687407 BCX0" style="-webkit-tap-highlight-color: transparent; -webkit-user-drag: none; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; user-select: text;"> be involved. The future of this case </span><span class="NormalTextRun SCXW4687407 BCX0" style="-webkit-tap-highlight-color: transparent; -webkit-user-drag: none; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; user-select: text;">remains</span><span class="NormalTextRun SCXW4687407 BCX0" style="-webkit-tap-highlight-color: transparent; -webkit-user-drag: none; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; user-select: text;"> unknown as it is ongoing, but some sort of regulation of the crypto market seems to be imminent. </span></span><span class="EOP SCXW4687407 BCX0" data-ccp-props="{"201341983":0,"335559731":720,"335559739":160,"335559740":259}" style="-webkit-tap-highlight-color: transparent; -webkit-user-drag: none; font-family: "Times New Roman", "Times New Roman_EmbeddedFont", "Times New Roman_MSFontService", serif; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 19.425px; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; user-select: text;"> </span></p><table align="center" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="tr-caption-container" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><tbody><tr><td style="text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/a/AVvXsEinzXuVodLpaGOZ0CbR2JHBdxqJNYuJn0GJqy3g2gon96aeAUY9Q9y7V_r5qvIyuWkQLdBLAHAWwg3T7QYsVz9ToexSZYrzYjCiLDqCuT0OaavU6qqkoDvDT9Bv1MlI7xImmmpQVLX4OTsXJTKyBle-doW86qXFdLOHSjObhuQOzknzb5qP06SSxXpbzg" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><img alt="" data-original-height="225" data-original-width="400" height="225" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/a/AVvXsEinzXuVodLpaGOZ0CbR2JHBdxqJNYuJn0GJqy3g2gon96aeAUY9Q9y7V_r5qvIyuWkQLdBLAHAWwg3T7QYsVz9ToexSZYrzYjCiLDqCuT0OaavU6qqkoDvDT9Bv1MlI7xImmmpQVLX4OTsXJTKyBle-doW86qXFdLOHSjObhuQOzknzb5qP06SSxXpbzg=w400-h225" width="400" /></a></td></tr><tr><td class="tr-caption" style="text-align: center;"><b><span style="color: #666666; font-family: arial;"><i><span style="font-size: medium;">Timeline of the events that occurred</span></i><br /></span></b></td></tr></tbody></table><span class="EOP SCXW4687407 BCX0" data-ccp-props="{"201341983":0,"335559731":720,"335559739":160,"335559740":259}" style="-webkit-tap-highlight-color: transparent; -webkit-user-drag: none; font-family: "Times New Roman", "Times New Roman_EmbeddedFont", "Times New Roman_MSFontService", serif; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 19.425px; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; user-select: text;"><br /></span><p></p></div><div class="OutlineElement Ltr SCXW4687407 BCX0" style="-webkit-tap-highlight-color: transparent; -webkit-user-drag: none; clear: both; cursor: text; direction: ltr; margin: 0px; overflow: visible; padding: 0px; position: relative; user-select: text;"><p class="Paragraph SCXW4687407 BCX0" paraeid="{8173c8de-01e3-4f9b-939b-d7b35fc9e3c7}{107}" paraid="2093948102" style="-webkit-tap-highlight-color: transparent; -webkit-user-drag: none; background-color: transparent; color: windowtext; font-kerning: none; margin: 0px; overflow-wrap: break-word; padding: 0px; user-select: text; vertical-align: baseline; white-space: pre-wrap;"><span class="TextRun SCXW4687407 BCX0" data-contrast="none" lang="EN-US" style="-webkit-tap-highlight-color: transparent; -webkit-user-drag: none; color: #4471c4; font-family: "Times New Roman", "Times New Roman_EmbeddedFont", "Times New Roman_MSFontService", serif; font-size: 12pt; font-variant-ligatures: none; line-height: 19.425px; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; user-select: text;" xml:lang="EN-US">Stakeholders </span><span class="EOP SCXW4687407 BCX0" data-ccp-props="{"201341983":0,"335559739":160,"335559740":259}" style="-webkit-tap-highlight-color: transparent; -webkit-user-drag: none; color: #4471c4; font-family: "Times New Roman", "Times New Roman_EmbeddedFont", "Times New Roman_MSFontService", serif; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 19.425px; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; user-select: text;"> </span></p></div><div class="OutlineElement Ltr SCXW4687407 BCX0" style="-webkit-tap-highlight-color: transparent; -webkit-user-drag: none; clear: both; cursor: text; direction: ltr; margin: 0px; overflow: visible; padding: 0px; position: relative; user-select: text;"><p class="Paragraph SCXW4687407 BCX0" paraeid="{8173c8de-01e3-4f9b-939b-d7b35fc9e3c7}{114}" paraid="770352528" style="-webkit-tap-highlight-color: transparent; -webkit-user-drag: none; background-color: transparent; color: windowtext; font-kerning: none; margin: 0px; overflow-wrap: break-word; padding: 0px; text-indent: 48px; user-select: text; vertical-align: baseline; white-space: pre-wrap;"><span class="TextRun SCXW4687407 BCX0" data-contrast="none" lang="EN-US" style="-webkit-tap-highlight-color: transparent; -webkit-user-drag: none; font-family: "Times New Roman", "Times New Roman_EmbeddedFont", "Times New Roman_MSFontService", serif; font-size: 12pt; font-variant-ligatures: none; line-height: 19.425px; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; user-select: text;" xml:lang="EN-US"><span class="NormalTextRun SCXW4687407 BCX0" style="-webkit-tap-highlight-color: transparent; -webkit-user-drag: none; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; user-select: text;">The main stakeholders in the FTX case were the people working directly for the business, such as Caroline Ellison, Sam Bankman-Fried, Gary Wang, and </span><span class="NormalTextRun SCXW4687407 BCX0" style="-webkit-tap-highlight-color: transparent; -webkit-user-drag: none; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; user-select: text;">Changpeng</span><span class="NormalTextRun SCXW4687407 BCX0" style="-webkit-tap-highlight-color: transparent; -webkit-user-drag: none; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; user-select: text;"> Zhao. SBF was the head of the operation during the scandal as the appointed CEO of FTX. He transferred money to and from Alameda Research with customer funds and invested in volatile currencies that produced disastrous outcomes. SBF was well known inside the industry for making promises of guaranteed money with no risk, describing his money-making method on a now-deleted podcast years before the scandal took place, inadvertently describing a thing called "yield farming," which is </span><span class="NormalTextRun SCXW4687407 BCX0" style="-webkit-tap-highlight-color: transparent; -webkit-user-drag: none; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; user-select: text;">basically just</span><span class="NormalTextRun SCXW4687407 BCX0" style="-webkit-tap-highlight-color: transparent; -webkit-user-drag: none; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; user-select: text;"> a glorified Ponzi scheme.</span></span><span class="TextRun SCXW4687407 BCX0" data-contrast="none" face="Arial, Arial_EmbeddedFont, Arial_MSFontService, sans-serif" lang="EN-US" style="-webkit-tap-highlight-color: transparent; -webkit-user-drag: none; font-size: 11pt; font-variant-ligatures: none; line-height: 17.2667px; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; user-select: text;" xml:lang="EN-US"> </span><span class="TextRun SCXW4687407 BCX0" data-contrast="none" lang="EN-US" style="-webkit-tap-highlight-color: transparent; -webkit-user-drag: none; font-family: "Times New Roman", "Times New Roman_EmbeddedFont", "Times New Roman_MSFontService", serif; font-size: 12pt; font-variant-ligatures: none; line-height: 19.425px; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; user-select: text;" xml:lang="EN-US"><span class="NormalTextRun SCXW4687407 BCX0" style="-webkit-tap-highlight-color: transparent; -webkit-user-drag: none; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; user-select: text;">While SBF was the </span><span class="NormalTextRun SCXW4687407 BCX0" style="-webkit-tap-highlight-color: transparent; -webkit-user-drag: none; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; user-select: text;">supposed mastermind</span><span class="NormalTextRun SCXW4687407 BCX0" style="-webkit-tap-highlight-color: transparent; -webkit-user-drag: none; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; user-select: text;">, Caroline Ellison, as the appointed CEO of Alameda Research, played along with his scheme trying to conceal it, </span><span class="NormalTextRun SCXW4687407 BCX0" style="-webkit-tap-highlight-color: transparent; -webkit-user-drag: none; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; user-select: text;">turning a blind eye to</span><span class="NormalTextRun SCXW4687407 BCX0" style="-webkit-tap-highlight-color: transparent; -webkit-user-drag: none; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; user-select: text;"> the illicit funneling of customer funds into Alameda. Little is known about Gary Wang, a co-founder of FTX, but he is thought to be the hidden cause of FTX's rise and fall. He is quite educated about the basis of price savings and the market because he was employed as the Chief Technology Officer for both FTX and Google. He even takes credit for a system that was developed to aggregate prices across public flight data while he was employed by Google. After the company declared bankruptcy, John Ray III was appointed CEO and served as a liquidator. Numerous companies were invested in FTX, some being Temasek, Paradigm, Sequoia, OTPP, and </span><span class="NormalTextRun SCXW4687407 BCX0" style="-webkit-tap-highlight-color: transparent; -webkit-user-drag: none; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; user-select: text;">Binance</span><span class="NormalTextRun SCXW4687407 BCX0" style="-webkit-tap-highlight-color: transparent; -webkit-user-drag: none; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; user-select: text;">, forming sponsorship agreements </span><span class="NormalTextRun SCXW4687407 BCX0" style="-webkit-tap-highlight-color: transparent; -webkit-user-drag: none; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; user-select: text;">benefiting</span><span class="NormalTextRun SCXW4687407 BCX0" style="-webkit-tap-highlight-color: transparent; -webkit-user-drag: none; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; user-select: text;"> each other. After the collapse of FTX, these companies were left empty-handed, losing billions of dollars in the process. Many popular celebrities, like Larry David, Tom Brady, Shaquille O'Neal, and Stephen Curry, were in a partnership to promote FTX in exchange for millions of dollars in investment in the company. When FTX filed for bankruptcy, these celebrities lost hundreds of millions of dollars, </span><span class="NormalTextRun SCXW4687407 BCX0" style="-webkit-tap-highlight-color: transparent; -webkit-user-drag: none; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; user-select: text;">similar to</span><span class="NormalTextRun SCXW4687407 BCX0" style="-webkit-tap-highlight-color: transparent; -webkit-user-drag: none; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; user-select: text;"> the corporations. Lastly, the main stakeholders in the company were the users of FTX, who provided SBF with the funds needed to continue its operations, despite losing millions of dollars in the process. </span><span class="NormalTextRun SCXW4687407 BCX0" style="-webkit-tap-highlight-color: transparent; -webkit-user-drag: none; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; user-select: text;">It's</span><span class="NormalTextRun SCXW4687407 BCX0" style="-webkit-tap-highlight-color: transparent; -webkit-user-drag: none; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; user-select: text;"> said that the collapse caused financial issues for more than a million people who were users of FTX. </span></span><span class="EOP SCXW4687407 BCX0" data-ccp-props="{"201341983":0,"335559731":720,"335559739":160,"335559740":259}" style="-webkit-tap-highlight-color: transparent; -webkit-user-drag: none; font-family: "Times New Roman", "Times New Roman_EmbeddedFont", "Times New Roman_MSFontService", serif; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 19.425px; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; user-select: text;"> </span></p></div><div class="OutlineElement Ltr SCXW4687407 BCX0" style="-webkit-tap-highlight-color: transparent; -webkit-user-drag: none; clear: both; cursor: text; direction: ltr; margin: 0px; overflow: visible; padding: 0px; position: relative; user-select: text;"><p class="Paragraph SCXW4687407 BCX0" paraeid="{8173c8de-01e3-4f9b-939b-d7b35fc9e3c7}{123}" paraid="1078931996" style="-webkit-tap-highlight-color: transparent; -webkit-user-drag: none; background-color: transparent; color: windowtext; font-kerning: none; margin: 0px; overflow-wrap: break-word; padding: 0px; user-select: text; vertical-align: baseline; white-space: pre-wrap;"><span class="TextRun SCXW4687407 BCX0" data-contrast="none" lang="EN-US" style="-webkit-tap-highlight-color: transparent; -webkit-user-drag: none; color: #4471c4; font-family: "Times New Roman", "Times New Roman_EmbeddedFont", "Times New Roman_MSFontService", serif; font-size: 12pt; font-variant-ligatures: none; line-height: 19.425px; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; user-select: text;" xml:lang="EN-US">Individualism </span><span class="EOP SCXW4687407 BCX0" data-ccp-props="{"201341983":0,"335559739":160,"335559740":259}" style="-webkit-tap-highlight-color: transparent; -webkit-user-drag: none; color: #4471c4; font-family: "Times New Roman", "Times New Roman_EmbeddedFont", "Times New Roman_MSFontService", serif; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 19.425px; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; user-select: text;"> </span></p></div><div class="OutlineElement Ltr SCXW4687407 BCX0" style="-webkit-tap-highlight-color: transparent; -webkit-user-drag: none; clear: both; cursor: text; direction: ltr; margin: 0px; overflow: visible; padding: 0px; position: relative; user-select: text;"><p class="Paragraph SCXW4687407 BCX0" paraeid="{8173c8de-01e3-4f9b-939b-d7b35fc9e3c7}{130}" paraid="2022411609" style="-webkit-tap-highlight-color: transparent; -webkit-user-drag: none; background-color: transparent; color: windowtext; font-kerning: none; margin: 0px; overflow-wrap: break-word; padding: 0px; text-indent: 48px; user-select: text; vertical-align: baseline; white-space: pre-wrap;"><span class="TextRun SCXW4687407 BCX0" data-contrast="none" lang="EN-US" style="-webkit-tap-highlight-color: transparent; -webkit-user-drag: none; font-family: "Times New Roman", "Times New Roman_EmbeddedFont", "Times New Roman_MSFontService", serif; font-size: 12pt; font-variant-ligatures: none; line-height: 19.425px; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; user-select: text;" xml:lang="EN-US"><span class="NormalTextRun SCXW4687407 BCX0" style="-webkit-tap-highlight-color: transparent; -webkit-user-drag: none; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; user-select: text;">From an individualist standpoint, Sam Bankman-Fried maximized his profits while doing what was best for FTX. Milton Friedman's idea of individualism was </span><span class="NormalTextRun SCXW4687407 BCX0" style="-webkit-tap-highlight-color: transparent; -webkit-user-drag: none; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; user-select: text;">stated</span><span class="NormalTextRun SCXW4687407 BCX0" style="-webkit-tap-highlight-color: transparent; -webkit-user-drag: none; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; user-select: text;"> as "The only goal of business is to profit, so the only obligation that the businessperson has is to maximize profit for the owner or the stockholders within the law." (Salazar 15)</span><span class="NormalTextRun SCXW4687407 BCX0" style="-webkit-tap-highlight-color: transparent; -webkit-user-drag: none; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; user-select: text;">. </span><span class="NormalTextRun SCXW4687407 BCX0" style="-webkit-tap-highlight-color: transparent; -webkit-user-drag: none; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; user-select: text;">The actions taken by FTX to increase profits were at first, legal; in fact, most of the crypto industry follows this type of business model; for example, </span><span class="NormalTextRun SCXW4687407 BCX0" style="-webkit-tap-highlight-color: transparent; -webkit-user-drag: none; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; user-select: text;">Binance</span><span class="NormalTextRun SCXW4687407 BCX0" style="-webkit-tap-highlight-color: transparent; -webkit-user-drag: none; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; user-select: text;"> is backed by its own crypto token, which they use to pay back its investors and the price rises on the token as more money is invested in it. While not only focusing on FTX, Alameda Research, which was also owned by SBF, was able to gain profits legally through an arbitrage trade setup by buying bitcoin in the USA and selling it in Japan, not focusing on the damage it would cause to the market. Individualists would support SBF's </span><span class="NormalTextRun SCXW4687407 BCX0" style="-webkit-tap-highlight-color: transparent; -webkit-user-drag: none; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; user-select: text;">initial</span><span class="NormalTextRun SCXW4687407 BCX0" style="-webkit-tap-highlight-color: transparent; -webkit-user-drag: none; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; user-select: text;"> actions because his main goal was to earn as much money as possible while </span><span class="NormalTextRun SCXW4687407 BCX0" style="-webkit-tap-highlight-color: transparent; -webkit-user-drag: none; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; user-select: text;">remaining</span><span class="NormalTextRun SCXW4687407 BCX0" style="-webkit-tap-highlight-color: transparent; -webkit-user-drag: none; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; user-select: text;"> within the legal boundaries. </span><span class="NormalTextRun SCXW4687407 BCX0" style="-webkit-tap-highlight-color: transparent; -webkit-user-drag: none; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; user-select: text;">Individualists would begin to disagree with SBF’s actions at the point in which he secretly funneled customer funds into Alameda Research.</span><span class="NormalTextRun SCXW4687407 BCX0" style="-webkit-tap-highlight-color: transparent; -webkit-user-drag: none; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; user-select: text;"> At this point, SBF violated Section 205.2(k) of the Electronic Funds Transfer Act, effectively stealing their </span><span class="NormalTextRun SCXW4687407 BCX0" style="-webkit-tap-highlight-color: transparent; -webkit-user-drag: none; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; user-select: text;">money</span><span class="NormalTextRun SCXW4687407 BCX0" style="-webkit-tap-highlight-color: transparent; -webkit-user-drag: none; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; user-select: text;"> and moving from maximizing profits to blatantly violating the law. </span></span><span class="EOP SCXW4687407 BCX0" data-ccp-props="{"201341983":0,"335559731":720,"335559739":160,"335559740":259}" style="-webkit-tap-highlight-color: transparent; -webkit-user-drag: none; font-family: "Times New Roman", "Times New Roman_EmbeddedFont", "Times New Roman_MSFontService", serif; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 19.425px; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; user-select: text;"> </span></p></div><div class="OutlineElement Ltr SCXW4687407 BCX0" style="-webkit-tap-highlight-color: transparent; -webkit-user-drag: none; clear: both; cursor: text; direction: ltr; margin: 0px; overflow: visible; padding: 0px; position: relative; user-select: text;"><p class="Paragraph SCXW4687407 BCX0" paraeid="{8173c8de-01e3-4f9b-939b-d7b35fc9e3c7}{139}" paraid="2050464354" style="-webkit-tap-highlight-color: transparent; -webkit-user-drag: none; background-color: transparent; color: windowtext; font-kerning: none; margin: 0px; overflow-wrap: break-word; padding: 0px; text-indent: 48px; user-select: text; vertical-align: baseline; white-space: pre-wrap;"><span class="TextRun SCXW4687407 BCX0" data-contrast="none" lang="EN-US" style="-webkit-tap-highlight-color: transparent; -webkit-user-drag: none; font-family: "Times New Roman", "Times New Roman_EmbeddedFont", "Times New Roman_MSFontService", serif; font-size: 12pt; font-variant-ligatures: none; line-height: 19.425px; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; user-select: text;" xml:lang="EN-US"><span class="NormalTextRun SCXW4687407 BCX0" style="-webkit-tap-highlight-color: transparent; -webkit-user-drag: none; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; user-select: text;">The transfer of customer funds between FTX and Alameda Research directly opposes </span><span class="NormalTextRun SCXW4687407 BCX0" style="-webkit-tap-highlight-color: transparent; -webkit-user-drag: none; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; user-select: text;">individualists</span><span class="NormalTextRun SCXW4687407 BCX0" style="-webkit-tap-highlight-color: transparent; -webkit-user-drag: none; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; user-select: text;">, as </span><span class="NormalTextRun SCXW4687407 BCX0" style="-webkit-tap-highlight-color: transparent; -webkit-user-drag: none; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; user-select: text;">it's</span><span class="NormalTextRun SCXW4687407 BCX0" style="-webkit-tap-highlight-color: transparent; -webkit-user-drag: none; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; user-select: text;"> illegal and limits the profits that could be made by giving profits away through the risky investments they took. The reason this was illegal was due to the way the money was spent and where it was taken from, using these funds to make risky investments that </span><span class="NormalTextRun SCXW4687407 BCX0" style="-webkit-tap-highlight-color: transparent; -webkit-user-drag: none; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; user-select: text;">wouldn't</span><span class="NormalTextRun SCXW4687407 BCX0" style="-webkit-tap-highlight-color: transparent; -webkit-user-drag: none; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; user-select: text;"> ordinarily be taken. All of this was taking place under the radar of auditors and investors, and the funds were taken without the knowledge of the user. SBF, who is well-known for his altruism, can be seen donating millions to the Democratic Party, which goes against the ideology of an individualist who would </span><span class="NormalTextRun SCXW4687407 BCX0" style="-webkit-tap-highlight-color: transparent; -webkit-user-drag: none; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; user-select: text;">likely keep</span><span class="NormalTextRun SCXW4687407 BCX0" style="-webkit-tap-highlight-color: transparent; -webkit-user-drag: none; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; user-select: text;"> the money for the company. An individualist today would support SBF's early money-making methods while at Alameda Research but would disagree with his altruistic behavior and how he became corrupt at the end of FTX's lifespan. </span></span><span class="EOP SCXW4687407 BCX0" data-ccp-props="{"201341983":0,"335559731":720,"335559739":160,"335559740":259}" style="-webkit-tap-highlight-color: transparent; -webkit-user-drag: none; font-family: "Times New Roman", "Times New Roman_EmbeddedFont", "Times New Roman_MSFontService", serif; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 19.425px; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; user-select: text;"> </span></p></div><div class="OutlineElement Ltr SCXW4687407 BCX0" style="-webkit-tap-highlight-color: transparent; -webkit-user-drag: none; clear: both; cursor: text; direction: ltr; margin: 0px; overflow: visible; padding: 0px; position: relative; user-select: text;"><p class="Paragraph SCXW4687407 BCX0" paraeid="{8173c8de-01e3-4f9b-939b-d7b35fc9e3c7}{148}" paraid="915600427" style="-webkit-tap-highlight-color: transparent; -webkit-user-drag: none; background-color: transparent; color: windowtext; font-kerning: none; margin: 0px; overflow-wrap: break-word; padding: 0px; user-select: text; vertical-align: baseline; white-space: pre-wrap;"><span class="TextRun SCXW4687407 BCX0" data-contrast="none" lang="EN-US" style="-webkit-tap-highlight-color: transparent; -webkit-user-drag: none; color: #4471c4; font-family: "Times New Roman", "Times New Roman_EmbeddedFont", "Times New Roman_MSFontService", serif; font-size: 12pt; font-variant-ligatures: none; line-height: 19.425px; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; user-select: text;" xml:lang="EN-US">Utilitarianism </span><span class="EOP SCXW4687407 BCX0" data-ccp-props="{"201341983":0,"335559739":160,"335559740":259}" style="-webkit-tap-highlight-color: transparent; -webkit-user-drag: none; color: #4471c4; font-family: "Times New Roman", "Times New Roman_EmbeddedFont", "Times New Roman_MSFontService", serif; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 19.425px; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; user-select: text;"> </span></p></div><div class="OutlineElement Ltr SCXW4687407 BCX0" style="-webkit-tap-highlight-color: transparent; -webkit-user-drag: none; clear: both; cursor: text; direction: ltr; margin: 0px; overflow: visible; padding: 0px; position: relative; user-select: text;"><p class="Paragraph SCXW4687407 BCX0" paraeid="{8173c8de-01e3-4f9b-939b-d7b35fc9e3c7}{155}" paraid="812286134" style="-webkit-tap-highlight-color: transparent; -webkit-user-drag: none; background-color: transparent; color: windowtext; font-kerning: none; margin: 0px; overflow-wrap: break-word; padding: 0px; text-indent: 48px; user-select: text; vertical-align: baseline; white-space: pre-wrap;"><span class="TextRun SCXW4687407 BCX0" data-contrast="none" lang="EN-US" style="-webkit-tap-highlight-color: transparent; -webkit-user-drag: none; color: #252525; font-family: "Times New Roman", "Times New Roman_EmbeddedFont", "Times New Roman_MSFontService", serif; font-size: 12pt; font-variant-ligatures: none; line-height: 19.425px; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; user-select: text;" xml:lang="EN-US"><span class="NormalTextRun SCXW4687407 BCX0" style="-webkit-tap-highlight-color: transparent; -webkit-user-drag: none; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; user-select: text;">The theory of utilitarianism enforces the idea that morality advocates actions that maximize overall happiness for yourself and others. A utilitarian would not find much to support FTX; most of their actions directly </span><span class="NormalTextRun SCXW4687407 BCX0" style="-webkit-tap-highlight-color: transparent; -webkit-user-drag: none; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; user-select: text;">impacted</span><span class="NormalTextRun SCXW4687407 BCX0" style="-webkit-tap-highlight-color: transparent; -webkit-user-drag: none; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; user-select: text;"> the happiness of others, but through lies and deception, we can find false promises that they would support. A considerable number of investors that interacted with SBF all pitched the same business plan of generating a higher return on investment with </span><span class="NormalTextRun SCXW4687407 BCX0" style="-webkit-tap-highlight-color: transparent; -webkit-user-drag: none; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; user-select: text;">little risk</span><span class="NormalTextRun SCXW4687407 BCX0" style="-webkit-tap-highlight-color: transparent; -webkit-user-drag: none; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; user-select: text;">, which was an absolute dream for most. </span><span class="NormalTextRun SCXW4687407 BCX0" style="-webkit-tap-highlight-color: transparent; -webkit-user-drag: none; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; user-select: text;">This plan would most definitely maximize happiness for everyone involved, but, as we all know, it was built on false promises and led to the absolute worst for most involved.</span><span class="NormalTextRun SCXW4687407 BCX0" style="-webkit-tap-highlight-color: transparent; -webkit-user-drag: none; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; user-select: text;"> One aspect of SBF that a utilitarian would support is his selfless donations to people in need, mostly to the support of Democrats. Looking at SBF's actions, we can see that, on the surface, he is a selfless person whom a utilitarian would support, but FTX's actions do not reflect his own ideologies</span><span class="NormalTextRun SCXW4687407 BCX0" style="-webkit-tap-highlight-color: transparent; -webkit-user-drag: none; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; user-select: text;">. </span></span><span class="EOP SCXW4687407 BCX0" data-ccp-props="{"201341983":0,"335559731":720,"335559739":160,"335559740":259}" style="-webkit-tap-highlight-color: transparent; -webkit-user-drag: none; color: #252525; font-family: "Times New Roman", "Times New Roman_EmbeddedFont", "Times New Roman_MSFontService", serif; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 19.425px; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; user-select: text;"> </span></p></div><div class="OutlineElement Ltr SCXW4687407 BCX0" style="-webkit-tap-highlight-color: transparent; -webkit-user-drag: none; clear: both; cursor: text; direction: ltr; margin: 0px; overflow: visible; padding: 0px; position: relative; user-select: text;"><p class="Paragraph SCXW4687407 BCX0" paraeid="{8173c8de-01e3-4f9b-939b-d7b35fc9e3c7}{164}" paraid="1436978398" style="-webkit-tap-highlight-color: transparent; -webkit-user-drag: none; background-color: transparent; color: windowtext; font-kerning: none; margin: 0px; overflow-wrap: break-word; padding: 0px; text-indent: 48px; user-select: text; vertical-align: baseline; white-space: pre-wrap;"><span class="TextRun SCXW4687407 BCX0" data-contrast="none" lang="EN-US" style="-webkit-tap-highlight-color: transparent; -webkit-user-drag: none; color: #252525; font-family: "Times New Roman", "Times New Roman_EmbeddedFont", "Times New Roman_MSFontService", serif; font-size: 12pt; font-variant-ligatures: none; line-height: 19.425px; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; user-select: text;" xml:lang="EN-US"><span class="NormalTextRun SCXW4687407 BCX0" style="-webkit-tap-highlight-color: transparent; -webkit-user-drag: none; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; user-select: text;">If we only looked at the operations of FTX, a utilitarian would despise the actions that took place throughout their lifespan. They took the necessary steps to maximize their profits while ignoring the consequences for others. FTX would </span><span class="NormalTextRun SCXW4687407 BCX0" style="-webkit-tap-highlight-color: transparent; -webkit-user-drag: none; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; user-select: text;">regularly use</span><span class="NormalTextRun SCXW4687407 BCX0" style="-webkit-tap-highlight-color: transparent; -webkit-user-drag: none; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; user-select: text;"> billions of dollars of customer funds to put money into risky investments, something they </span><span class="NormalTextRun SCXW4687407 BCX0" style="-webkit-tap-highlight-color: transparent; -webkit-user-drag: none; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; user-select: text;">wouldn't</span><span class="NormalTextRun SCXW4687407 BCX0" style="-webkit-tap-highlight-color: transparent; -webkit-user-drag: none; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; user-select: text;"> ordinarily do. Not only is this extremely illegal, but they also did it unannounced to the users who invested their hard-earned money into the company. Evan Luthra who lost two million dollars due to FTX’s scandal </span><span class="NormalTextRun SCXW4687407 BCX0" style="-webkit-tap-highlight-color: transparent; -webkit-user-drag: none; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; user-select: text;">states</span><span class="NormalTextRun SCXW4687407 BCX0" style="-webkit-tap-highlight-color: transparent; -webkit-user-drag: none; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; user-select: text;"> his frustration </span></span><span class="TextRun SCXW4687407 BCX0" data-contrast="none" lang="EN-US" style="-webkit-tap-highlight-color: transparent; -webkit-user-drag: none; color: #2a2a2a; font-family: "Times New Roman", "Times New Roman_EmbeddedFont", "Times New Roman_MSFontService", serif; font-size: 12pt; font-variant-ligatures: none; line-height: 19.425px; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; user-select: text;" xml:lang="EN-US"><span class="NormalTextRun SCXW4687407 BCX0" style="-webkit-tap-highlight-color: transparent; -webkit-user-drag: none; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; user-select: text;">“SBF is rubbing it in on us, [Bankman-Fried] knows what he did is a crime. He is rubbing it in and, through the media narrative, </span><span class="NormalTextRun SCXW4687407 BCX0" style="-webkit-tap-highlight-color: transparent; -webkit-user-drag: none; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; user-select: text;">he’s</span><span class="NormalTextRun SCXW4687407 BCX0" style="-webkit-tap-highlight-color: transparent; -webkit-user-drag: none; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; user-select: text;"> spinning, trying to pin it as a mistake. I have no doubt that he knew what was going on. He should be in jail.”</span></span><span class="TextRun SCXW4687407 BCX0" data-contrast="none" lang="EN-US" style="-webkit-tap-highlight-color: transparent; -webkit-user-drag: none; font-family: "Times New Roman", "Times New Roman_EmbeddedFont", "Times New Roman_MSFontService", serif; font-size: 12pt; font-variant-ligatures: none; font-weight: bold; line-height: 19.425px; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; user-select: text;" xml:lang="EN-US"> </span><span class="TextRun SCXW4687407 BCX0" data-contrast="none" lang="EN-US" style="-webkit-tap-highlight-color: transparent; -webkit-user-drag: none; font-family: "Times New Roman", "Times New Roman_EmbeddedFont", "Times New Roman_MSFontService", serif; font-size: 12pt; font-variant-ligatures: none; line-height: 19.425px; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; user-select: text;" xml:lang="EN-US">(FTX investors who lost up to $2M lash out, 3). </span><span class="TextRun SCXW4687407 BCX0" data-contrast="none" lang="EN-US" style="-webkit-tap-highlight-color: transparent; -webkit-user-drag: none; color: #252525; font-family: "Times New Roman", "Times New Roman_EmbeddedFont", "Times New Roman_MSFontService", serif; font-size: 12pt; font-variant-ligatures: none; line-height: 19.425px; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; user-select: text;" xml:lang="EN-US"><span class="NormalTextRun SCXW4687407 BCX0" style="-webkit-tap-highlight-color: transparent; -webkit-user-drag: none; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; user-select: text;">This practice only </span><span class="NormalTextRun SCXW4687407 BCX0" style="-webkit-tap-highlight-color: transparent; -webkit-user-drag: none; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; user-select: text;">benefits</span><span class="NormalTextRun SCXW4687407 BCX0" style="-webkit-tap-highlight-color: transparent; -webkit-user-drag: none; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; user-select: text;"> one side and eventually leads to unfavorable outcomes. Looking at the past, Alameda Research has long been known for its use of arbitrage trading, which has had a negative impact on the market by adding to its volatility and </span><span class="NormalTextRun SCXW4687407 BCX0" style="-webkit-tap-highlight-color: transparent; -webkit-user-drag: none; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; user-select: text;">impacting</span><span class="NormalTextRun SCXW4687407 BCX0" style="-webkit-tap-highlight-color: transparent; -webkit-user-drag: none; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; user-select: text;"> the prices and the supply and demand of a certain asset. While on hand, SBF would </span><span class="NormalTextRun SCXW4687407 BCX0" style="-webkit-tap-highlight-color: transparent; -webkit-user-drag: none; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; user-select: text;">probably be</span><span class="NormalTextRun SCXW4687407 BCX0" style="-webkit-tap-highlight-color: transparent; -webkit-user-drag: none; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; user-select: text;"> a utilitarian himself, but the company he managed directly opposed everything they would believe in, leading me to believe he was lying to everyone</span><span class="NormalTextRun SCXW4687407 BCX0" style="-webkit-tap-highlight-color: transparent; -webkit-user-drag: none; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; user-select: text;">. </span></span><span class="EOP SCXW4687407 BCX0" data-ccp-props="{"201341983":0,"335559731":720,"335559739":160,"335559740":259}" style="-webkit-tap-highlight-color: transparent; -webkit-user-drag: none; color: #252525; font-family: "Times New Roman", "Times New Roman_EmbeddedFont", "Times New Roman_MSFontService", serif; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 19.425px; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; user-select: text;"> </span></p></div><div class="OutlineElement Ltr SCXW4687407 BCX0" style="-webkit-tap-highlight-color: transparent; -webkit-user-drag: none; clear: both; cursor: text; direction: ltr; margin: 0px; overflow: visible; padding: 0px; position: relative; user-select: text;"><p class="Paragraph SCXW4687407 BCX0" paraeid="{8173c8de-01e3-4f9b-939b-d7b35fc9e3c7}{173}" paraid="237639896" style="-webkit-tap-highlight-color: transparent; -webkit-user-drag: none; background-color: transparent; color: windowtext; font-kerning: none; margin: 0px; overflow-wrap: break-word; padding: 0px; user-select: text; vertical-align: baseline; white-space: pre-wrap;"><span class="TextRun SCXW4687407 BCX0" data-contrast="none" lang="EN-US" style="-webkit-tap-highlight-color: transparent; -webkit-user-drag: none; color: #252525; font-family: "Times New Roman", "Times New Roman_EmbeddedFont", "Times New Roman_MSFontService", serif; font-size: 12pt; font-variant-ligatures: none; line-height: 19.425px; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; user-select: text;" xml:lang="EN-US"> </span><span class="TextRun SCXW4687407 BCX0" data-contrast="none" lang="EN-US" style="-webkit-tap-highlight-color: transparent; -webkit-user-drag: none; color: #4471c4; font-family: "Times New Roman", "Times New Roman_EmbeddedFont", "Times New Roman_MSFontService", serif; font-size: 12pt; font-variant-ligatures: none; line-height: 19.425px; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; user-select: text;" xml:lang="EN-US">Kantianism </span><span class="EOP SCXW4687407 BCX0" data-ccp-props="{"201341983":0,"335559739":160,"335559740":259}" style="-webkit-tap-highlight-color: transparent; -webkit-user-drag: none; color: #4471c4; font-family: "Times New Roman", "Times New Roman_EmbeddedFont", "Times New Roman_MSFontService", serif; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 19.425px; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; user-select: text;"> </span></p></div><div class="OutlineElement Ltr SCXW4687407 BCX0" style="-webkit-tap-highlight-color: transparent; -webkit-user-drag: none; clear: both; cursor: text; direction: ltr; margin: 0px; overflow: visible; padding: 0px; position: relative; user-select: text;"><p class="Paragraph SCXW4687407 BCX0" paraeid="{8173c8de-01e3-4f9b-939b-d7b35fc9e3c7}{180}" paraid="73107303" style="-webkit-tap-highlight-color: transparent; -webkit-user-drag: none; background-color: transparent; color: windowtext; font-kerning: none; margin: 0px; overflow-wrap: break-word; padding: 0px; text-indent: 48px; user-select: text; vertical-align: baseline; white-space: pre-wrap;"><span class="TextRun SCXW4687407 BCX0" data-contrast="none" lang="EN-US" style="-webkit-tap-highlight-color: transparent; -webkit-user-drag: none; color: #252525; font-family: "Times New Roman", "Times New Roman_EmbeddedFont", "Times New Roman_MSFontService", serif; font-size: 12pt; font-variant-ligatures: none; line-height: 19.425px; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; user-select: text;" xml:lang="EN-US"><span class="NormalTextRun SCXW4687407 BCX0" style="-webkit-tap-highlight-color: transparent; -webkit-user-drag: none; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; user-select: text;">Kantianism is the idea that the intention of an action has more value than the consequence of the action. Kant argues that we should do the right thing for the right reasons, despite the negative results that may occur when making the decision. This ideology relies on the idea that rationality is essential when talking about morality. When FTX began illegally funneling customer funds into Alameda Research they were violating the basic principles of Kantianism. </span><span class="NormalTextRun SCXW4687407 BCX0" style="-webkit-tap-highlight-color: transparent; -webkit-user-drag: none; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; user-select: text;">They proceeded to conduct illegal acts going as far as stating they had no idea it was illegal in the first place.</span><span class="NormalTextRun SCXW4687407 BCX0" style="-webkit-tap-highlight-color: transparent; -webkit-user-drag: none; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; user-select: text;"> </span><span class="NormalTextRun SCXW4687407 BCX0" style="-webkit-tap-highlight-color: transparent; -webkit-user-drag: none; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; user-select: text;">SBF said in an interview </span></span><span class="TextRun SCXW4687407 BCX0" data-contrast="none" lang="EN-US" style="-webkit-tap-highlight-color: transparent; -webkit-user-drag: none; font-family: "Times New Roman", "Times New Roman_EmbeddedFont", "Times New Roman_MSFontService", serif; font-size: 12pt; font-variant-ligatures: none; line-height: 19.425px; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; user-select: text;" xml:lang="EN-US"><span class="NormalTextRun SCXW4687407 BCX0" style="-webkit-tap-highlight-color: transparent; -webkit-user-drag: none; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; user-select: text;">“I wasn’t running Alameda, I didn’t know exactly what was going on, I didn’t know the size of their position</span><span class="NormalTextRun SCXW4687407 BCX0" style="-webkit-tap-highlight-color: transparent; -webkit-user-drag: none; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; user-select: text;">,”(</span><span class="NormalTextRun SCXW4687407 BCX0" style="-webkit-tap-highlight-color: transparent; -webkit-user-drag: none; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; user-select: text;">CNBC,24) Despite his claims of ignorance about the fraud occurring at his own company, </span><span class="NormalTextRun SCXW4687407 BCX0" style="-webkit-tap-highlight-color: transparent; -webkit-user-drag: none; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; user-select: text;">I believe he</span><span class="NormalTextRun SCXW4687407 BCX0" style="-webkit-tap-highlight-color: transparent; -webkit-user-drag: none; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; user-select: text;"> knew all of this was happening and chose to ignore it.</span><span class="NormalTextRun SCXW4687407 BCX0" style="-webkit-tap-highlight-color: transparent; -webkit-user-drag: none; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; user-select: text;"> </span><span class="NormalTextRun SCXW4687407 BCX0" style="-webkit-tap-highlight-color: transparent; -webkit-user-drag: none; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; user-select: text;">The primary rule that every Kantian will ask themselves before making a decision is that your action should be repeatable for everyone else.</span><span class="NormalTextRun SCXW4687407 BCX0" style="-webkit-tap-highlight-color: transparent; -webkit-user-drag: none; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; user-select: text;"> When an illegal action takes place then it should not be repeatable for anyone. </span></span><span class="EOP SCXW4687407 BCX0" data-ccp-props="{"201341983":0,"335559731":720,"335559739":160,"335559740":259}" style="-webkit-tap-highlight-color: transparent; -webkit-user-drag: none; font-family: "Times New Roman", "Times New Roman_EmbeddedFont", "Times New Roman_MSFontService", serif; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 19.425px; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; user-select: text;"> </span></p></div><div class="OutlineElement Ltr SCXW4687407 BCX0" style="-webkit-tap-highlight-color: transparent; -webkit-user-drag: none; clear: both; cursor: text; direction: ltr; margin: 0px; overflow: visible; padding: 0px; position: relative; user-select: text;"><p class="Paragraph SCXW4687407 BCX0" paraeid="{8173c8de-01e3-4f9b-939b-d7b35fc9e3c7}{189}" paraid="195614747" style="-webkit-tap-highlight-color: transparent; -webkit-user-drag: none; background-color: transparent; color: windowtext; font-kerning: none; margin: 0px; overflow-wrap: break-word; padding: 0px; text-indent: 48px; user-select: text; vertical-align: baseline; white-space: pre-wrap;"></p><table cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="tr-caption-container" style="float: right;"><tbody><tr><td style="text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/a/AVvXsEiRkQl7I7uJC67RNowPByfdQCJztTBVRMV1zJZ3lwu0pqV8rYLh2rcKkaFqyxeygNHPm_CK2AO5bIeC7b3_MkLAShZ4WoSj6-u5EHKIsW_A64UufO9SwAUov1y9Ujae3ZmRzpjXeBM3SqI0KFYN-52OhfK9ibXwwbvP2WmgHbx_oYOrYDH4iv3WI9UlNQ" style="clear: right; margin-bottom: 1em; margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><img alt="" data-original-height="251" data-original-width="400" height="201" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/a/AVvXsEiRkQl7I7uJC67RNowPByfdQCJztTBVRMV1zJZ3lwu0pqV8rYLh2rcKkaFqyxeygNHPm_CK2AO5bIeC7b3_MkLAShZ4WoSj6-u5EHKIsW_A64UufO9SwAUov1y9Ujae3ZmRzpjXeBM3SqI0KFYN-52OhfK9ibXwwbvP2WmgHbx_oYOrYDH4iv3WI9UlNQ=w320-h201" width="320" /></a></td></tr><tr><td class="tr-caption" style="text-align: center;"><span style="color: #666666; font-family: arial; font-size: medium;"><b><i>Tweet that Sam Bankman-Fried made</i></b></span></td></tr></tbody></table><span class="TextRun SCXW4687407 BCX0" data-contrast="none" lang="EN-US" style="-webkit-tap-highlight-color: transparent; -webkit-user-drag: none; color: #252525; font-family: "Times New Roman", "Times New Roman_EmbeddedFont", "Times New Roman_MSFontService", serif; font-size: 12pt; font-variant-ligatures: none; line-height: 19.425px; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; user-select: text;" xml:lang="EN-US"><span class="NormalTextRun SCXW4687407 BCX0" style="-webkit-tap-highlight-color: transparent; -webkit-user-drag: none; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; user-select: text;">FTX took many risks while running its business, violating a basic principle of Kantianism. The consequence of these actions led to the ultimate demise of FTX, with SBF saying on Twitter, " </span><span class="NormalTextRun SCXW4687407 BCX0" style="-webkit-tap-highlight-color: transparent; -webkit-user-drag: none; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; user-select: text;">I'm</span><span class="NormalTextRun SCXW4687407 BCX0" style="-webkit-tap-highlight-color: transparent; -webkit-user-drag: none; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; user-select: text;"> sorry. </span><span class="NormalTextRun SCXW4687407 BCX0" style="-webkit-tap-highlight-color: transparent; -webkit-user-drag: none; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; user-select: text;">That's</span><span class="NormalTextRun SCXW4687407 BCX0" style="-webkit-tap-highlight-color: transparent; -webkit-user-drag: none; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; user-select: text;"> the biggest thing. I fucked up, and should have done better,"(Twitter, 1) knowingly making decisions that could lead to terrible outcomes. While SBF was posting his side on Twitter he made multiple claims that in the end, he violated. He </span><span class="NormalTextRun SCXW4687407 BCX0" style="-webkit-tap-highlight-color: transparent; -webkit-user-drag: none; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; user-select: text;">stated</span><span class="NormalTextRun SCXW4687407 BCX0" style="-webkit-tap-highlight-color: transparent; -webkit-user-drag: none; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; user-select: text;"> “</span></span><span class="TextRun SCXW4687407 BCX0" data-contrast="none" lang="EN-US" style="-webkit-tap-highlight-color: transparent; -webkit-user-drag: none; font-family: "Times New Roman", "Times New Roman_EmbeddedFont", "Times New Roman_MSFontService", serif; font-size: 12pt; font-variant-ligatures: none; line-height: 19.425px; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; user-select: text;" xml:lang="EN-US"><span class="NormalTextRun SCXW4687407 BCX0" style="-webkit-tap-highlight-color: transparent; -webkit-user-drag: none; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; user-select: text;">My goal—my one goal—is to do right by customers. </span><span class="NormalTextRun SCXW4687407 BCX0" style="-webkit-tap-highlight-color: transparent; -webkit-user-drag: none; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; user-select: text;">I’m</span><span class="NormalTextRun SCXW4687407 BCX0" style="-webkit-tap-highlight-color: transparent; -webkit-user-drag: none; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; user-select: text;"> contributing what I can to doing so. </span><span class="NormalTextRun SCXW4687407 BCX0" style="-webkit-tap-highlight-color: transparent; -webkit-user-drag: none; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; user-select: text;">I’m</span><span class="NormalTextRun SCXW4687407 BCX0" style="-webkit-tap-highlight-color: transparent; -webkit-user-drag: none; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; user-select: text;"> meeting in person with regulators and working with the teams to do what we can for customers. And after that, investors. But first, customers.” (Twitter, 13) This public statement was made before the liquidation of the company where the second act of fraud was publicly seen. When </span><span class="NormalTextRun SCXW4687407 BCX0" style="-webkit-tap-highlight-color: transparent; -webkit-user-drag: none; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; user-select: text;">10 billion dollars</span><span class="NormalTextRun SCXW4687407 BCX0" style="-webkit-tap-highlight-color: transparent; -webkit-user-drag: none; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; user-select: text;"> of customer funds were being transferred between FTX and Alameda Research, 1-</span><span class="NormalTextRun SCXW4687407 BCX0" style="-webkit-tap-highlight-color: transparent; -webkit-user-drag: none; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; user-select: text;">2 billion dollars</span><span class="NormalTextRun SCXW4687407 BCX0" style="-webkit-tap-highlight-color: transparent; -webkit-user-drag: none; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; user-select: text;"> of these funds went mysteriously missing. You can come to any conclusion you </span><span class="NormalTextRun SCXW4687407 BCX0" style="-webkit-tap-highlight-color: transparent; -webkit-user-drag: none; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; user-select: text;">desire</span><span class="NormalTextRun SCXW4687407 BCX0" style="-webkit-tap-highlight-color: transparent; -webkit-user-drag: none; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; user-select: text;">, but </span><span class="NormalTextRun SCXW4687407 BCX0" style="-webkit-tap-highlight-color: transparent; -webkit-user-drag: none; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; user-select: text;">I believe that he</span><span class="NormalTextRun SCXW4687407 BCX0" style="-webkit-tap-highlight-color: transparent; -webkit-user-drag: none; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; user-select: text;"> took this money intentionally, lying to all his users through his contradictory statement made on Twitter. It was unethical of SBF to say one thing and do another, lying directly to his users and making decisions for the betterment of himself. </span></span><span class="EOP SCXW4687407 BCX0" data-ccp-props="{"201341983":0,"335559731":720,"335559739":160,"335559740":259}" style="-webkit-tap-highlight-color: transparent; -webkit-user-drag: none; font-family: "Times New Roman", "Times New Roman_EmbeddedFont", "Times New Roman_MSFontService", serif; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 19.425px; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; user-select: text;"> </span><p></p></div><div class="OutlineElement Ltr SCXW4687407 BCX0" style="-webkit-tap-highlight-color: transparent; -webkit-user-drag: none; clear: both; cursor: text; direction: ltr; margin: 0px; overflow: visible; padding: 0px; position: relative; user-select: text;"><p class="Paragraph SCXW4687407 BCX0" paraeid="{8173c8de-01e3-4f9b-939b-d7b35fc9e3c7}{198}" paraid="505249773" style="-webkit-tap-highlight-color: transparent; -webkit-user-drag: none; background-color: transparent; color: windowtext; font-kerning: none; margin: 0px; overflow-wrap: break-word; padding: 0px; user-select: text; vertical-align: baseline; white-space: pre-wrap;"><span class="TextRun SCXW4687407 BCX0" data-contrast="none" lang="EN-US" style="-webkit-tap-highlight-color: transparent; -webkit-user-drag: none; color: #4471c4; font-family: "Times New Roman", "Times New Roman_EmbeddedFont", "Times New Roman_MSFontService", serif; font-size: 12pt; font-variant-ligatures: none; line-height: 19.425px; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; user-select: text;" xml:lang="EN-US">Virtue Theory </span><span class="EOP SCXW4687407 BCX0" data-ccp-props="{"201341983":0,"335559739":160,"335559740":259}" style="-webkit-tap-highlight-color: transparent; -webkit-user-drag: none; color: #4471c4; font-family: "Times New Roman", "Times New Roman_EmbeddedFont", "Times New Roman_MSFontService", serif; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 19.425px; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; user-select: text;"> </span></p></div><div class="OutlineElement Ltr SCXW4687407 BCX0" style="-webkit-tap-highlight-color: transparent; -webkit-user-drag: none; clear: both; cursor: text; direction: ltr; margin: 0px; overflow: visible; padding: 0px; position: relative; user-select: text;"><p class="Paragraph SCXW4687407 BCX0" paraeid="{8173c8de-01e3-4f9b-939b-d7b35fc9e3c7}{205}" paraid="575518233" style="-webkit-tap-highlight-color: transparent; -webkit-user-drag: none; background-color: transparent; color: windowtext; font-kerning: none; margin: 0px; overflow-wrap: break-word; padding: 0px; text-indent: 48px; user-select: text; vertical-align: baseline; white-space: pre-wrap;"><span class="TextRun SCXW4687407 BCX0" data-contrast="none" lang="EN-US" style="-webkit-tap-highlight-color: transparent; -webkit-user-drag: none; color: #252525; font-family: "Times New Roman", "Times New Roman_EmbeddedFont", "Times New Roman_MSFontService", serif; font-size: 12pt; font-variant-ligatures: none; line-height: 19.425px; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; user-select: text;" xml:lang="EN-US"><span class="NormalTextRun SCXW4687407 BCX0" style="-webkit-tap-highlight-color: transparent; -webkit-user-drag: none; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; user-select: text;">Virtue theory is a type of moral philosophy that focuses on the character of the person carrying out an action, rather than on the action itself or its consequences. According to virtue theory, a morally good person is one who </span><span class="NormalTextRun SCXW4687407 BCX0" style="-webkit-tap-highlight-color: transparent; -webkit-user-drag: none; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; user-select: text;">possesses</span><span class="NormalTextRun SCXW4687407 BCX0" style="-webkit-tap-highlight-color: transparent; -webkit-user-drag: none; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; user-select: text;"> positive character traits like courage, compassion, and honesty. The four main virtues are prudence, temperance, fortitude, and justice</span><span class="NormalTextRun SCXW4687407 BCX0" style="-webkit-tap-highlight-color: transparent; -webkit-user-drag: none; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; user-select: text;">. </span><span class="NormalTextRun SCXW4687407 BCX0" style="-webkit-tap-highlight-color: transparent; -webkit-user-drag: none; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; user-select: text;">These virtues are accepted to be the basis of a person's character and are used to help a person make good decisions and act morally right. Since the beginning of his career, Sam Bankman-Fried has always been seen as a selfless character, with people going </span><span class="NormalTextRun SCXW4687407 BCX0" style="-webkit-tap-highlight-color: transparent; -webkit-user-drag: none; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; user-select: text;">so far as</span><span class="NormalTextRun SCXW4687407 BCX0" style="-webkit-tap-highlight-color: transparent; -webkit-user-drag: none; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; user-select: text;"> to call him the world's most generous billionaire in multiple articles. He was given this title because of the large amount of money he gave to people—an estimated $40 million for the promotion of the Democratic Party alone</span><span class="NormalTextRun SCXW4687407 BCX0" style="-webkit-tap-highlight-color: transparent; -webkit-user-drag: none; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; user-select: text;">. </span></span><span class="EOP SCXW4687407 BCX0" data-ccp-props="{"201341983":0,"335559731":720,"335559739":160,"335559740":259}" style="-webkit-tap-highlight-color: transparent; -webkit-user-drag: none; color: #252525; font-family: "Times New Roman", "Times New Roman_EmbeddedFont", "Times New Roman_MSFontService", serif; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 19.425px; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; user-select: text;"> </span></p></div><div class="OutlineElement Ltr SCXW4687407 BCX0" style="-webkit-tap-highlight-color: transparent; -webkit-user-drag: none; clear: both; cursor: text; direction: ltr; margin: 0px; overflow: visible; padding: 0px; position: relative; user-select: text;"><p class="Paragraph SCXW4687407 BCX0" paraeid="{8173c8de-01e3-4f9b-939b-d7b35fc9e3c7}{214}" paraid="1121372251" style="-webkit-tap-highlight-color: transparent; -webkit-user-drag: none; background-color: transparent; color: windowtext; font-kerning: none; margin: 0px; overflow-wrap: break-word; padding: 0px; text-indent: 48px; user-select: text; vertical-align: baseline; white-space: pre-wrap;"><span class="TextRun SCXW4687407 BCX0" data-contrast="none" lang="EN-US" style="-webkit-tap-highlight-color: transparent; -webkit-user-drag: none; color: #252525; font-family: "Times New Roman", "Times New Roman_EmbeddedFont", "Times New Roman_MSFontService", serif; font-size: 12pt; font-variant-ligatures: none; line-height: 19.425px; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; user-select: text;" xml:lang="EN-US"><span class="NormalTextRun SCXW4687407 BCX0" style="-webkit-tap-highlight-color: transparent; -webkit-user-drag: none; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; user-select: text;">SBF’s commitment to prudence comes into play when he uses customer funds to invest in risky trades that he </span><span class="NormalTextRun SCXW4687407 BCX0" style="-webkit-tap-highlight-color: transparent; -webkit-user-drag: none; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; user-select: text;">wouldn’t</span><span class="NormalTextRun SCXW4687407 BCX0" style="-webkit-tap-highlight-color: transparent; -webkit-user-drag: none; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; user-select: text;"> ordinarily make. The only reason for his investment in these risky trades is due to his new-found funds, and not thinking twice about throwing money at an uncertain investment. The funneling of customer funds between Alameda Research and FTX is a clear violation of justice as it was a clear breach of the legal realm. During the liquidation of FTX SBF transferred </span><span class="NormalTextRun SCXW4687407 BCX0" style="-webkit-tap-highlight-color: transparent; -webkit-user-drag: none; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; user-select: text;">10 billion dollars</span><span class="NormalTextRun SCXW4687407 BCX0" style="-webkit-tap-highlight-color: transparent; -webkit-user-drag: none; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; user-select: text;"> of customer funds between its two firms, when 1-</span><span class="NormalTextRun SCXW4687407 BCX0" style="-webkit-tap-highlight-color: transparent; -webkit-user-drag: none; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; user-select: text;">2 billion dollars</span><span class="NormalTextRun SCXW4687407 BCX0" style="-webkit-tap-highlight-color: transparent; -webkit-user-drag: none; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; user-select: text;"> of these funds </span><span class="NormalTextRun SCXW4687407 BCX0" style="-webkit-tap-highlight-color: transparent; -webkit-user-drag: none; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; user-select: text;">seemingly disappeared</span><span class="NormalTextRun SCXW4687407 BCX0" style="-webkit-tap-highlight-color: transparent; -webkit-user-drag: none; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; user-select: text;">. SBF’s temperance is questioned here as we will never know with 100 percent certainty that he committed this act of thievery, but </span><span class="NormalTextRun SCXW4687407 BCX0" style="-webkit-tap-highlight-color: transparent; -webkit-user-drag: none; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; user-select: text;">I personally believe he</span><span class="NormalTextRun SCXW4687407 BCX0" style="-webkit-tap-highlight-color: transparent; -webkit-user-drag: none; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; user-select: text;"> was the one who stole this large amount of money. He lost to his temptations and violated one of the four cardinal virtues. The last virtue that SBF is seen violating is fortitude. The aftermath of FTX led SBF into </span><span class="NormalTextRun SCXW4687407 BCX0" style="-webkit-tap-highlight-color: transparent; -webkit-user-drag: none; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; user-select: text;">participating</span><span class="NormalTextRun SCXW4687407 BCX0" style="-webkit-tap-highlight-color: transparent; -webkit-user-drag: none; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; user-select: text;"> in </span><span class="NormalTextRun SCXW4687407 BCX0" style="-webkit-tap-highlight-color: transparent; -webkit-user-drag: none; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; user-select: text;">numerous</span><span class="NormalTextRun SCXW4687407 BCX0" style="-webkit-tap-highlight-color: transparent; -webkit-user-drag: none; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; user-select: text;"> amounts of interviews </span><span class="NormalTextRun SCXW4687407 BCX0" style="-webkit-tap-highlight-color: transparent; -webkit-user-drag: none; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; user-select: text;">stating</span><span class="NormalTextRun SCXW4687407 BCX0" style="-webkit-tap-highlight-color: transparent; -webkit-user-drag: none; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; user-select: text;"> his side of the collapse. In these interviews, he is adamant about </span><span class="NormalTextRun SCXW4687407 BCX0" style="-webkit-tap-highlight-color: transparent; -webkit-user-drag: none; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; user-select: text;">remaining</span><span class="NormalTextRun SCXW4687407 BCX0" style="-webkit-tap-highlight-color: transparent; -webkit-user-drag: none; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; user-select: text;"> ignorant of the fact that fraud occurred in FTX. </span><span class="NormalTextRun SCXW4687407 BCX0" style="-webkit-tap-highlight-color: transparent; -webkit-user-drag: none; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; user-select: text;">In the face of adversity, SBF decided the best decision was to lie about his involvement with the whole ordeal in order to save his own image.</span><span class="NormalTextRun SCXW4687407 BCX0" style="-webkit-tap-highlight-color: transparent; -webkit-user-drag: none; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; user-select: text;"> As the weeks continue, we can see the falsehoods being told by SBF slowly being unraveled and SBF is slowly crumbling around his throne of lies. Following the four cardinal virtues, SBF can be cited as violating all of them. </span></span><span class="EOP SCXW4687407 BCX0" data-ccp-props="{"201341983":0,"335559731":720,"335559739":160,"335559740":259}" style="-webkit-tap-highlight-color: transparent; -webkit-user-drag: none; color: #252525; font-family: "Times New Roman", "Times New Roman_EmbeddedFont", "Times New Roman_MSFontService", serif; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 19.425px; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; user-select: text;"> </span></p></div><div class="OutlineElement Ltr SCXW4687407 BCX0" style="-webkit-tap-highlight-color: transparent; -webkit-user-drag: none; clear: both; cursor: text; direction: ltr; margin: 0px; overflow: visible; padding: 0px; position: relative; user-select: text;"><p class="Paragraph SCXW4687407 BCX0" paraeid="{8173c8de-01e3-4f9b-939b-d7b35fc9e3c7}{223}" paraid="351118808" style="-webkit-tap-highlight-color: transparent; -webkit-user-drag: none; background-color: transparent; color: windowtext; font-kerning: none; margin: 0px; overflow-wrap: break-word; padding: 0px; user-select: text; vertical-align: baseline; white-space: pre-wrap;"><span class="TextRun SCXW4687407 BCX0" data-contrast="none" lang="EN-US" style="-webkit-tap-highlight-color: transparent; -webkit-user-drag: none; color: #4471c4; font-family: "Times New Roman", "Times New Roman_EmbeddedFont", "Times New Roman_MSFontService", serif; font-size: 12pt; font-variant-ligatures: none; line-height: 19.425px; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; user-select: text;" xml:lang="EN-US">Justified Ethic Evaluation </span><span class="EOP SCXW4687407 BCX0" data-ccp-props="{"201341983":0,"335559739":160,"335559740":259}" style="-webkit-tap-highlight-color: transparent; -webkit-user-drag: none; color: #4471c4; font-family: "Times New Roman", "Times New Roman_EmbeddedFont", "Times New Roman_MSFontService", serif; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 19.425px; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; user-select: text;"> </span></p></div><div class="OutlineElement Ltr SCXW4687407 BCX0" style="-webkit-tap-highlight-color: transparent; -webkit-user-drag: none; clear: both; cursor: text; direction: ltr; margin: 0px; overflow: visible; padding: 0px; position: relative; user-select: text;"><p class="Paragraph SCXW4687407 BCX0" paraeid="{8173c8de-01e3-4f9b-939b-d7b35fc9e3c7}{230}" paraid="1845224339" style="-webkit-tap-highlight-color: transparent; -webkit-user-drag: none; background-color: transparent; color: windowtext; font-kerning: none; margin: 0px; overflow-wrap: break-word; padding: 0px; text-indent: 48px; user-select: text; vertical-align: baseline; white-space: pre-wrap;"><span class="TextRun SCXW4687407 BCX0" data-contrast="none" lang="EN-US" style="-webkit-tap-highlight-color: transparent; -webkit-user-drag: none; font-family: "Times New Roman", "Times New Roman_EmbeddedFont", "Times New Roman_MSFontService", serif; font-size: 12pt; font-variant-ligatures: none; line-height: 19.425px; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; user-select: text;" xml:lang="EN-US"><span class="NormalTextRun SCXW4687407 BCX0" style="-webkit-tap-highlight-color: transparent; -webkit-user-drag: none; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; user-select: text;">In my opinion, FTX’s</span><span class="NormalTextRun SCXW4687407 BCX0" style="-webkit-tap-highlight-color: transparent; -webkit-user-drag: none; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; user-select: text;"> actions were unethical and unintelligent. The volatility of the cryptocurrency market makes it difficult for any firm to survive and the actions that most of these companies must take to survive in this industry are already considered unethical. As </span><span class="NormalTextRun SCXW4687407 BCX0" style="-webkit-tap-highlight-color: transparent; -webkit-user-drag: none; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; user-select: text;">stated</span><span class="NormalTextRun SCXW4687407 BCX0" style="-webkit-tap-highlight-color: transparent; -webkit-user-drag: none; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; user-select: text;"> previously, I see the entire cryptocurrency market as a glorified Ponzi scheme, only able to make money through frowned-upon methods. If FTX remained in the legal realm for their business model, I believe they would still be thriving today, but the greed of Sam Bankman-Fried led to their demise. The decisions of FTX led to the loss of billions of dollars and negatively </span><span class="NormalTextRun SCXW4687407 BCX0" style="-webkit-tap-highlight-color: transparent; -webkit-user-drag: none; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; user-select: text;">impacted</span><span class="NormalTextRun SCXW4687407 BCX0" style="-webkit-tap-highlight-color: transparent; -webkit-user-drag: none; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; user-select: text;"> the market for weeks. </span></span><span class="EOP SCXW4687407 BCX0" data-ccp-props="{"201341983":0,"335559731":720,"335559739":160,"335559740":259}" style="-webkit-tap-highlight-color: transparent; -webkit-user-drag: none; font-family: "Times New Roman", "Times New Roman_EmbeddedFont", "Times New Roman_MSFontService", serif; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 19.425px; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; user-select: text;"> </span></p></div><div class="OutlineElement Ltr SCXW4687407 BCX0" style="-webkit-tap-highlight-color: transparent; -webkit-user-drag: none; clear: both; cursor: text; direction: ltr; margin: 0px; overflow: visible; padding: 0px; position: relative; user-select: text;"><p class="Paragraph SCXW4687407 BCX0" paraeid="{8173c8de-01e3-4f9b-939b-d7b35fc9e3c7}{239}" paraid="670118795" style="-webkit-tap-highlight-color: transparent; -webkit-user-drag: none; background-color: transparent; color: windowtext; font-kerning: none; margin: 0px; overflow-wrap: break-word; padding: 0px; text-indent: 48px; user-select: text; vertical-align: baseline; white-space: pre-wrap;"><span class="TextRun SCXW4687407 BCX0" data-contrast="none" lang="EN-US" style="-webkit-tap-highlight-color: transparent; -webkit-user-drag: none; font-family: "Times New Roman", "Times New Roman_EmbeddedFont", "Times New Roman_MSFontService", serif; font-size: 12pt; font-variant-ligatures: none; line-height: 19.425px; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; user-select: text;" xml:lang="EN-US"><span class="NormalTextRun SCXW4687407 BCX0" style="-webkit-tap-highlight-color: transparent; -webkit-user-drag: none; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; user-select: text;">The crypto industry is a dying breed with a business model that will lead to the demise of everyone involved. The money in the market </span><span class="NormalTextRun SCXW4687407 BCX0" style="-webkit-tap-highlight-color: transparent; -webkit-user-drag: none; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; user-select: text;">isn’t</span><span class="NormalTextRun SCXW4687407 BCX0" style="-webkit-tap-highlight-color: transparent; -webkit-user-drag: none; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; user-select: text;"> technically real and when the price of this fake money fluctuates so </span><span class="NormalTextRun SCXW4687407 BCX0" style="-webkit-tap-highlight-color: transparent; -webkit-user-drag: none; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; user-select: text;">frequently</span><span class="NormalTextRun SCXW4687407 BCX0" style="-webkit-tap-highlight-color: transparent; -webkit-user-drag: none; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; user-select: text;"> eventually every company will get screwed over and be forced to shut down. I think FTX and other exchanges recognize this and are trying to figure out ways to remain relevant, and SBF chose to go the corrupt route. While I </span><span class="NormalTextRun SCXW4687407 BCX0" style="-webkit-tap-highlight-color: transparent; -webkit-user-drag: none; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; user-select: text;">don’t</span><span class="NormalTextRun SCXW4687407 BCX0" style="-webkit-tap-highlight-color: transparent; -webkit-user-drag: none; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; user-select: text;"> support his decision to do so, I understand why he did it. This industry is cutthroat and everyday people are finding different loopholes to make more money or they too, will die out. </span></span><span class="EOP SCXW4687407 BCX0" data-ccp-props="{"201341983":0,"335559731":720,"335559739":160,"335559740":259}" style="-webkit-tap-highlight-color: transparent; -webkit-user-drag: none; font-family: "Times New Roman", "Times New Roman_EmbeddedFont", "Times New Roman_MSFontService", serif; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 19.425px; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; user-select: text;"> </span></p></div><div class="OutlineElement Ltr SCXW4687407 BCX0" style="-webkit-tap-highlight-color: transparent; -webkit-user-drag: none; clear: both; cursor: text; direction: ltr; margin: 0px; overflow: visible; padding: 0px; position: relative; user-select: text;"><p class="Paragraph SCXW4687407 BCX0" paraeid="{8173c8de-01e3-4f9b-939b-d7b35fc9e3c7}{248}" paraid="117022214" style="-webkit-tap-highlight-color: transparent; -webkit-user-drag: none; background-color: transparent; color: windowtext; font-kerning: none; margin: 0px; overflow-wrap: break-word; padding: 0px; text-indent: 48px; user-select: text; vertical-align: baseline; white-space: pre-wrap;"><span class="TextRun SCXW4687407 BCX0" data-contrast="none" lang="EN-US" style="-webkit-tap-highlight-color: transparent; -webkit-user-drag: none; font-family: "Times New Roman", "Times New Roman_EmbeddedFont", "Times New Roman_MSFontService", serif; font-size: 12pt; font-variant-ligatures: none; line-height: 19.425px; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; user-select: text;" xml:lang="EN-US"><span class="NormalTextRun SCXW4687407 BCX0" style="-webkit-tap-highlight-color: transparent; -webkit-user-drag: none; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; user-select: text;">The exposure to the media motivated SBF’s actions to uphold his self-image after the collapse of his company. To this day SBF continues to deny any involvement in the fraud that took place at the center of FTX. </span><span class="NormalTextRun SCXW4687407 BCX0" style="-webkit-tap-highlight-color: transparent; -webkit-user-drag: none; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; user-select: text;">I think everyone</span><span class="NormalTextRun SCXW4687407 BCX0" style="-webkit-tap-highlight-color: transparent; -webkit-user-drag: none; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; user-select: text;"> knows that he was </span><span class="NormalTextRun SCXW4687407 BCX0" style="-webkit-tap-highlight-color: transparent; -webkit-user-drag: none; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; user-select: text;">probably the</span><span class="NormalTextRun SCXW4687407 BCX0" style="-webkit-tap-highlight-color: transparent; -webkit-user-drag: none; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; user-select: text;"> most notable person during this time and </span><span class="NormalTextRun SCXW4687407 BCX0" style="-webkit-tap-highlight-color: transparent; -webkit-user-drag: none; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; user-select: text;">probably conducted</span><span class="NormalTextRun SCXW4687407 BCX0" style="-webkit-tap-highlight-color: transparent; -webkit-user-drag: none; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; user-select: text;"> the fraud himself. He is also lying to avoid a harsher sentence when this case eventually gets to court. His desire to uphold his image outweighs morally correct ethical beliefs</span><span class="NormalTextRun SCXW4687407 BCX0" style="-webkit-tap-highlight-color: transparent; -webkit-user-drag: none; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; user-select: text;">. </span></span><span class="EOP SCXW4687407 BCX0" data-ccp-props="{"201341983":0,"335559731":720,"335559739":160,"335559740":259}" style="-webkit-tap-highlight-color: transparent; -webkit-user-drag: none; font-family: "Times New Roman", "Times New Roman_EmbeddedFont", "Times New Roman_MSFontService", serif; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 19.425px; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; user-select: text;"> </span></p></div><div class="OutlineElement Ltr SCXW4687407 BCX0" style="-webkit-tap-highlight-color: transparent; -webkit-user-drag: none; clear: both; cursor: text; direction: ltr; margin: 0px; overflow: visible; padding: 0px; position: relative; user-select: text;"><p class="Paragraph SCXW4687407 BCX0" paraeid="{a0670acb-9234-4138-9818-23f42dd93f38}{2}" paraid="207338903" style="-webkit-tap-highlight-color: transparent; -webkit-user-drag: none; background-color: transparent; color: windowtext; font-kerning: none; margin: 0px; overflow-wrap: break-word; padding: 0px; user-select: text; vertical-align: baseline; white-space: pre-wrap;"><span class="TextRun SCXW4687407 BCX0" data-contrast="none" lang="EN-US" style="-webkit-tap-highlight-color: transparent; -webkit-user-drag: none; color: #4471c4; font-family: "Times New Roman", "Times New Roman_EmbeddedFont", "Times New Roman_MSFontService", serif; font-size: 12pt; font-variant-ligatures: none; line-height: 19.425px; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; user-select: text;" xml:lang="EN-US">Conclusion </span><span class="EOP SCXW4687407 BCX0" data-ccp-props="{"201341983":0,"335559739":160,"335559740":259}" style="-webkit-tap-highlight-color: transparent; -webkit-user-drag: none; color: #4471c4; font-family: "Times New Roman", "Times New Roman_EmbeddedFont", "Times New Roman_MSFontService", serif; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 19.425px; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; user-select: text;"> </span></p></div><div class="OutlineElement Ltr SCXW4687407 BCX0" style="-webkit-tap-highlight-color: transparent; -webkit-user-drag: none; clear: both; cursor: text; direction: ltr; margin: 0px; overflow: visible; padding: 0px; position: relative; user-select: text;"><p class="Paragraph SCXW4687407 BCX0" paraeid="{a0670acb-9234-4138-9818-23f42dd93f38}{9}" paraid="1923751966" style="-webkit-tap-highlight-color: transparent; -webkit-user-drag: none; background-color: transparent; color: windowtext; font-kerning: none; margin: 0px; overflow-wrap: break-word; padding: 0px; text-indent: 48px; user-select: text; vertical-align: baseline; white-space: pre-wrap;"><span class="TextRun SCXW4687407 BCX0" data-contrast="none" lang="EN-US" style="-webkit-tap-highlight-color: transparent; -webkit-user-drag: none; font-family: "Times New Roman", "Times New Roman_EmbeddedFont", "Times New Roman_MSFontService", serif; font-size: 12pt; font-variant-ligatures: none; line-height: 19.425px; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; user-select: text;" xml:lang="EN-US"><span class="NormalTextRun SCXW4687407 BCX0" style="-webkit-tap-highlight-color: transparent; -webkit-user-drag: none; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; user-select: text;">The collapse of FTX was a direct result of the abysmal regulation of the crypto market; it caused severe economic problems for the entire industry as well as everyone involved. The only way a crypto exchange will be able to make money is through frowned-upon methods that mimic something of a glorified Ponzi scheme. The illegal use of customer funds raised questions about what occurs within every crypto exchange, making everybody wonder how it was swept under the rug for so long. The facade that Sam Bankman-Fried portrayed was a lie to the people, and the actions he took while running FTX were made with greedy intent. Despite the economic atrocities that began because of the collapse, it showed how unpredictable the market is and put the spotlight on how we should be fixing this issue. With the government getting involved in this scandal, we can expect some sort of regulation to be put on the market, ruining the </span><span class="NormalTextRun SCXW4687407 BCX0" style="-webkit-tap-highlight-color: transparent; -webkit-user-drag: none; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; user-select: text;">initial</span><span class="NormalTextRun SCXW4687407 BCX0" style="-webkit-tap-highlight-color: transparent; -webkit-user-drag: none; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; user-select: text;"> purpose for the creation of cryptocurrency. Hopefully, crimes like these will be eradicated in the future for the betterment of economic health. </span></span><span class="EOP SCXW4687407 BCX0" data-ccp-props="{"201341983":0,"335559731":720,"335559739":160,"335559740":259}" style="-webkit-tap-highlight-color: transparent; -webkit-user-drag: none; font-family: "Times New Roman", "Times New Roman_EmbeddedFont", "Times New Roman_MSFontService", serif; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 19.425px; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; user-select: text;"> </span></p></div><div class="OutlineElement Ltr SCXW4687407 BCX0" style="-webkit-tap-highlight-color: transparent; -webkit-user-drag: none; clear: both; cursor: text; direction: ltr; margin: 0px; overflow: visible; padding: 0px; position: relative; user-select: text;"><p class="Paragraph SCXW4687407 BCX0" paraeid="{a0670acb-9234-4138-9818-23f42dd93f38}{18}" paraid="1018753185" style="-webkit-tap-highlight-color: transparent; -webkit-user-drag: none; background-color: transparent; color: windowtext; font-kerning: none; margin: 0px; overflow-wrap: break-word; padding: 0px; user-select: text; vertical-align: baseline; white-space: pre-wrap;"><span class="TextRun SCXW4687407 BCX0" data-contrast="none" lang="EN-US" style="-webkit-tap-highlight-color: transparent; -webkit-user-drag: none; color: #4471c4; font-family: "Times New Roman", "Times New Roman_EmbeddedFont", "Times New Roman_MSFontService", serif; font-size: 12pt; font-variant-ligatures: none; line-height: 19.425px; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; user-select: text;" xml:lang="EN-US"> </span><span class="EOP SCXW4687407 BCX0" data-ccp-props="{"201341983":0,"335559739":160,"335559740":259}" style="-webkit-tap-highlight-color: transparent; -webkit-user-drag: none; color: #4471c4; font-family: "Times New Roman", "Times New Roman_EmbeddedFont", "Times New Roman_MSFontService", serif; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 19.425px; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; user-select: text;"> </span></p></div><div class="OutlineElement Ltr SCXW4687407 BCX0" style="-webkit-tap-highlight-color: transparent; -webkit-user-drag: none; clear: both; cursor: text; direction: ltr; margin: 0px; overflow: visible; padding: 0px; position: relative; user-select: text;"><p class="Paragraph SCXW4687407 BCX0" paraeid="{a0670acb-9234-4138-9818-23f42dd93f38}{25}" paraid="172821098" style="-webkit-tap-highlight-color: transparent; -webkit-user-drag: none; background-color: transparent; color: windowtext; font-kerning: none; margin: 0px; overflow-wrap: break-word; padding: 0px; user-select: text; vertical-align: baseline; white-space: pre-wrap;"><span class="TextRun SCXW4687407 BCX0" data-contrast="none" lang="EN-US" style="-webkit-tap-highlight-color: transparent; -webkit-user-drag: none; color: #4471c4; font-family: "Times New Roman", "Times New Roman_EmbeddedFont", "Times New Roman_MSFontService", serif; font-size: 12pt; font-variant-ligatures: none; line-height: 19.425px; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; user-select: text;" xml:lang="EN-US"> </span><span class="EOP SCXW4687407 BCX0" data-ccp-props="{"201341983":0,"335559739":160,"335559740":259}" style="-webkit-tap-highlight-color: transparent; -webkit-user-drag: none; color: #4471c4; font-family: "Times New Roman", "Times New Roman_EmbeddedFont", "Times New Roman_MSFontService", serif; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 19.425px; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; user-select: text;"> </span></p></div><div class="OutlineElement Ltr SCXW4687407 BCX0" style="-webkit-tap-highlight-color: transparent; -webkit-user-drag: none; clear: both; cursor: text; direction: ltr; margin: 0px; overflow: visible; padding: 0px; position: relative; user-select: text;"><p class="Paragraph SCXW4687407 BCX0" paraeid="{a0670acb-9234-4138-9818-23f42dd93f38}{32}" paraid="659814408" style="-webkit-tap-highlight-color: transparent; -webkit-user-drag: none; background-color: transparent; color: windowtext; font-kerning: none; margin: 0px; overflow-wrap: break-word; padding: 0px; user-select: text; vertical-align: baseline; white-space: pre-wrap;"><span class="TextRun SCXW4687407 BCX0" data-contrast="none" lang="EN-US" style="-webkit-tap-highlight-color: transparent; -webkit-user-drag: none; color: #4471c4; font-family: "Times New Roman", "Times New Roman_EmbeddedFont", "Times New Roman_MSFontService", serif; font-size: 12pt; font-variant-ligatures: none; line-height: 19.425px; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; user-select: text;" xml:lang="EN-US"> </span><span class="EOP SCXW4687407 BCX0" data-ccp-props="{"201341983":0,"335559739":160,"335559740":259}" style="-webkit-tap-highlight-color: transparent; -webkit-user-drag: none; color: #4471c4; font-family: "Times New Roman", "Times New Roman_EmbeddedFont", "Times New Roman_MSFontService", serif; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 19.425px; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; user-select: text;"> </span></p></div><div class="OutlineElement Ltr SCXW4687407 BCX0" style="-webkit-tap-highlight-color: transparent; -webkit-user-drag: none; clear: both; cursor: text; direction: ltr; margin: 0px; overflow: visible; padding: 0px; position: relative; user-select: text;"><p class="Paragraph SCXW4687407 BCX0" paraeid="{a0670acb-9234-4138-9818-23f42dd93f38}{39}" paraid="1004594563" style="-webkit-tap-highlight-color: transparent; -webkit-user-drag: none; background-color: transparent; color: windowtext; font-kerning: none; margin: 0px; overflow-wrap: break-word; padding: 0px; user-select: text; vertical-align: baseline; white-space: pre-wrap;"><span class="TextRun SCXW4687407 BCX0" data-contrast="none" lang="EN-US" style="-webkit-tap-highlight-color: transparent; -webkit-user-drag: none; color: #4471c4; font-family: "Times New Roman", "Times New Roman_EmbeddedFont", "Times New Roman_MSFontService", serif; font-size: 12pt; font-variant-ligatures: none; line-height: 19.425px; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; user-select: text;" xml:lang="EN-US"> </span><span class="EOP SCXW4687407 BCX0" data-ccp-props="{"201341983":0,"335559739":160,"335559740":259}" style="-webkit-tap-highlight-color: transparent; -webkit-user-drag: none; color: #4471c4; font-family: "Times New Roman", "Times New Roman_EmbeddedFont", "Times New Roman_MSFontService", serif; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 19.425px; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; user-select: text;"> </span></p></div><div class="OutlineElement Ltr SCXW4687407 BCX0" style="-webkit-tap-highlight-color: transparent; -webkit-user-drag: none; clear: both; cursor: text; direction: ltr; margin: 0px; overflow: visible; padding: 0px; position: relative; user-select: text;"><p class="Paragraph SCXW4687407 BCX0" paraeid="{a0670acb-9234-4138-9818-23f42dd93f38}{46}" paraid="519728420" style="-webkit-tap-highlight-color: transparent; -webkit-user-drag: none; background-color: transparent; color: windowtext; font-kerning: none; margin: 0px; overflow-wrap: break-word; padding: 0px; user-select: text; vertical-align: baseline; white-space: pre-wrap;"><span class="TextRun SCXW4687407 BCX0" data-contrast="none" lang="EN-US" style="-webkit-tap-highlight-color: transparent; -webkit-user-drag: none; color: #4471c4; font-family: "Times New Roman", "Times New Roman_EmbeddedFont", "Times New Roman_MSFontService", serif; font-size: 12pt; font-variant-ligatures: none; line-height: 19.425px; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; user-select: text;" xml:lang="EN-US"> </span><span class="EOP SCXW4687407 BCX0" data-ccp-props="{"201341983":0,"335559739":160,"335559740":259}" style="-webkit-tap-highlight-color: transparent; -webkit-user-drag: none; color: #4471c4; font-family: "Times New Roman", "Times New Roman_EmbeddedFont", "Times New Roman_MSFontService", serif; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 19.425px; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; user-select: text;"> </span></p></div><div class="OutlineElement Ltr SCXW4687407 BCX0" style="-webkit-tap-highlight-color: transparent; -webkit-user-drag: none; clear: both; cursor: text; direction: ltr; margin: 0px; overflow: visible; padding: 0px; position: relative; user-select: text;"><p class="Paragraph SCXW4687407 BCX0" paraeid="{a0670acb-9234-4138-9818-23f42dd93f38}{53}" paraid="1406086449" style="-webkit-tap-highlight-color: transparent; -webkit-user-drag: none; background-color: transparent; color: windowtext; font-kerning: none; margin: 0px; overflow-wrap: break-word; padding: 0px; user-select: text; vertical-align: baseline; white-space: pre-wrap;"><span class="TextRun SCXW4687407 BCX0" data-contrast="none" lang="EN-US" style="-webkit-tap-highlight-color: transparent; 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-webkit-user-drag: none; background-color: transparent; color: windowtext; font-kerning: none; margin: 0px; overflow-wrap: break-word; padding: 0px; user-select: text; vertical-align: baseline; white-space: pre-wrap;"><span class="TextRun SCXW4687407 BCX0" data-contrast="none" lang="EN-US" style="-webkit-tap-highlight-color: transparent; -webkit-user-drag: none; color: #4471c4; font-family: "Times New Roman", "Times New Roman_EmbeddedFont", "Times New Roman_MSFontService", serif; font-size: 12pt; font-variant-ligatures: none; line-height: 19.425px; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; user-select: text;" xml:lang="EN-US"> </span><span class="EOP SCXW4687407 BCX0" data-ccp-props="{"201341983":0,"335559739":160,"335559740":259}" style="-webkit-tap-highlight-color: transparent; -webkit-user-drag: none; color: #4471c4; font-family: "Times New Roman", "Times New Roman_EmbeddedFont", "Times New Roman_MSFontService", serif; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 19.425px; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; user-select: text;"> </span></p></div><div class="OutlineElement Ltr SCXW4687407 BCX0" style="-webkit-tap-highlight-color: transparent; -webkit-user-drag: none; clear: both; cursor: text; direction: ltr; margin: 0px; overflow: visible; padding: 0px; position: relative; user-select: text;"><p class="Paragraph SCXW4687407 BCX0" paraeid="{a0670acb-9234-4138-9818-23f42dd93f38}{67}" paraid="1249403438" style="-webkit-tap-highlight-color: transparent; -webkit-user-drag: none; background-color: transparent; color: windowtext; font-kerning: none; margin: 0px; overflow-wrap: break-word; padding: 0px; user-select: text; vertical-align: baseline; white-space: pre-wrap;"><span class="TextRun SCXW4687407 BCX0" data-contrast="none" lang="EN-US" style="-webkit-tap-highlight-color: transparent; -webkit-user-drag: none; color: #4471c4; font-family: "Times New Roman", "Times New Roman_EmbeddedFont", "Times New Roman_MSFontService", serif; font-size: 12pt; font-variant-ligatures: none; line-height: 19.425px; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; user-select: text;" xml:lang="EN-US"> </span><span class="EOP SCXW4687407 BCX0" data-ccp-props="{"201341983":0,"335559739":160,"335559740":259}" style="-webkit-tap-highlight-color: transparent; -webkit-user-drag: none; color: #4471c4; font-family: "Times New Roman", "Times New Roman_EmbeddedFont", "Times New Roman_MSFontService", serif; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 19.425px; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; user-select: text;"> </span></p></div><div class="OutlineElement Ltr SCXW4687407 BCX0" style="-webkit-tap-highlight-color: transparent; -webkit-user-drag: none; clear: both; cursor: text; direction: ltr; margin: 0px; overflow: visible; padding: 0px; position: relative; user-select: text;"><p class="Paragraph SCXW4687407 BCX0" paraeid="{a0670acb-9234-4138-9818-23f42dd93f38}{74}" paraid="1512443970" style="-webkit-tap-highlight-color: transparent; -webkit-user-drag: none; background-color: transparent; color: windowtext; font-kerning: none; margin: 0px; overflow-wrap: break-word; padding: 0px; user-select: text; vertical-align: baseline; white-space: pre-wrap;"><span class="TextRun SCXW4687407 BCX0" data-contrast="none" lang="EN-US" style="-webkit-tap-highlight-color: transparent; -webkit-user-drag: none; color: #4471c4; font-family: "Times New Roman", "Times New Roman_EmbeddedFont", "Times New Roman_MSFontService", serif; font-size: 12pt; font-variant-ligatures: none; line-height: 19.425px; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; user-select: text;" xml:lang="EN-US">Sources </span><span class="EOP SCXW4687407 BCX0" data-ccp-props="{"201341983":0,"335559739":160,"335559740":259}" style="-webkit-tap-highlight-color: transparent; -webkit-user-drag: none; color: #4471c4; font-family: "Times New Roman", "Times New Roman_EmbeddedFont", "Times New Roman_MSFontService", serif; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 19.425px; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; user-select: text;"> </span></p></div><div class="OutlineElement Ltr SCXW4687407 BCX0" style="-webkit-tap-highlight-color: transparent; -webkit-user-drag: none; clear: both; cursor: text; direction: ltr; margin: 0px; overflow: visible; padding: 0px; position: relative; user-select: text;"><p class="Paragraph SCXW4687407 BCX0" paraeid="{a0670acb-9234-4138-9818-23f42dd93f38}{81}" paraid="1986202006" style="-webkit-tap-highlight-color: transparent; -webkit-user-drag: none; background-color: transparent; color: windowtext; font-kerning: none; margin: 0px 0px 0px 37px; overflow-wrap: break-word; padding: 0px; text-indent: -37px; user-select: text; vertical-align: baseline; white-space: pre-wrap;"><span class="TextRun SCXW4687407 BCX0" data-contrast="none" lang="EN-US" style="-webkit-tap-highlight-color: transparent; -webkit-user-drag: none; font-family: "Times New Roman", "Times New Roman_EmbeddedFont", "Times New Roman_MSFontService", serif; font-size: 10pt; font-variant-ligatures: none; line-height: 17.2667px; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; user-select: text;" xml:lang="EN-US">Chen, James. “Ponzi Schemes: Definition, Examples, and Origins.” </span><span class="TextRun SCXW4687407 BCX0" data-contrast="none" lang="EN-US" style="-webkit-tap-highlight-color: transparent; -webkit-user-drag: none; font-family: "Times New Roman", "Times New Roman_EmbeddedFont", "Times New Roman_MSFontService", serif; font-size: 10pt; font-style: italic; font-variant-ligatures: none; line-height: 17.2667px; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; user-select: text;" xml:lang="EN-US">Investopedia</span><span class="TextRun SCXW4687407 BCX0" data-contrast="none" lang="EN-US" style="-webkit-tap-highlight-color: transparent; -webkit-user-drag: none; font-family: "Times New Roman", "Times New Roman_EmbeddedFont", "Times New Roman_MSFontService", serif; font-size: 10pt; font-variant-ligatures: none; line-height: 17.2667px; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; user-select: text;" xml:lang="EN-US">, Investopedia, 3 Nov. 2022,</span><a class="Hyperlink SCXW4687407 BCX0" href="https://www.investopedia.com/terms/p/ponzischeme.asp" rel="noreferrer noopener" style="-webkit-tap-highlight-color: transparent; -webkit-user-drag: none; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; text-decoration-line: none; user-select: text;" target="_blank"><span class="TextRun Underlined SCXW4687407 BCX0" data-contrast="none" lang="EN-US" style="-webkit-tap-highlight-color: transparent; -webkit-user-drag: none; color: #0563c1; font-family: "Times New Roman", "Times New Roman_EmbeddedFont", "Times New Roman_MSFontService", serif; font-size: 10pt; font-variant-ligatures: none; line-height: 17.2667px; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; text-decoration-line: underline; user-select: text;" xml:lang="EN-US"><span class="NormalTextRun SCXW4687407 BCX0" data-ccp-charstyle="Hyperlink" style="-webkit-tap-highlight-color: transparent; -webkit-user-drag: none; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; user-select: text;"> https://www.investopedia.com/terms/p/ponzischeme.asp</span></span></a><span class="TextRun SCXW4687407 BCX0" data-contrast="none" lang="EN-US" style="-webkit-tap-highlight-color: transparent; -webkit-user-drag: none; font-family: "Times New Roman", "Times New Roman_EmbeddedFont", "Times New Roman_MSFontService", serif; font-size: 10pt; font-variant-ligatures: none; line-height: 17.2667px; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; user-select: text;" xml:lang="EN-US">. </span><span class="EOP SCXW4687407 BCX0" data-ccp-props="{"201341983":0,"335559685":560,"335559739":160,"335559740":259,"335559991":560}" style="-webkit-tap-highlight-color: transparent; -webkit-user-drag: none; font-family: "Times New Roman", "Times New Roman_EmbeddedFont", "Times New Roman_MSFontService", serif; font-size: 10pt; line-height: 17.2667px; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; user-select: text;"> </span></p></div><div class="OutlineElement Ltr SCXW4687407 BCX0" style="-webkit-tap-highlight-color: transparent; -webkit-user-drag: none; clear: both; cursor: text; direction: ltr; margin: 0px; overflow: visible; padding: 0px; position: relative; user-select: text;"><p class="Paragraph SCXW4687407 BCX0" paraeid="{a0670acb-9234-4138-9818-23f42dd93f38}{90}" paraid="292176893" style="-webkit-tap-highlight-color: transparent; -webkit-user-drag: none; background-color: transparent; color: windowtext; font-kerning: none; margin: 0px 0px 0px 37px; overflow-wrap: break-word; padding: 0px; text-indent: -37px; user-select: text; vertical-align: baseline; white-space: pre-wrap;"><span class="TextRun SCXW4687407 BCX0" data-contrast="none" lang="EN-US" style="-webkit-tap-highlight-color: transparent; -webkit-user-drag: none; font-family: "Times New Roman", "Times New Roman_EmbeddedFont", "Times New Roman_MSFontService", serif; font-size: 10pt; font-variant-ligatures: none; line-height: 17.2667px; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; user-select: text;" xml:lang="EN-US">Craig, Tim, et al. “FTX's Bahamas Crypto Empire: Stimulants, Subterfuge and a Spectacular Collapse.” </span><span class="TextRun SCXW4687407 BCX0" data-contrast="none" lang="EN-US" style="-webkit-tap-highlight-color: transparent; -webkit-user-drag: none; font-family: "Times New Roman", "Times New Roman_EmbeddedFont", "Times New Roman_MSFontService", serif; font-size: 10pt; font-style: italic; font-variant-ligatures: none; line-height: 17.2667px; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; user-select: text;" xml:lang="EN-US">The Washington Post</span><span class="TextRun SCXW4687407 BCX0" data-contrast="none" lang="EN-US" style="-webkit-tap-highlight-color: transparent; -webkit-user-drag: none; font-family: "Times New Roman", "Times New Roman_EmbeddedFont", "Times New Roman_MSFontService", serif; font-size: 10pt; font-variant-ligatures: none; line-height: 17.2667px; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; user-select: text;" xml:lang="EN-US">, WP Company, 25 Nov. 2022,</span><a class="Hyperlink SCXW4687407 BCX0" href="https://www.washingtonpost.com/technology/2022/11/24/ftx-bahamas-albany-fried/" rel="noreferrer noopener" style="-webkit-tap-highlight-color: transparent; -webkit-user-drag: none; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; text-decoration-line: none; user-select: text;" target="_blank"><span class="TextRun Underlined SCXW4687407 BCX0" data-contrast="none" lang="EN-US" style="-webkit-tap-highlight-color: transparent; -webkit-user-drag: none; color: #0563c1; font-family: "Times New Roman", "Times New Roman_EmbeddedFont", "Times New Roman_MSFontService", serif; font-size: 10pt; font-variant-ligatures: none; line-height: 17.2667px; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; text-decoration-line: underline; user-select: text;" xml:lang="EN-US"><span class="NormalTextRun SCXW4687407 BCX0" data-ccp-charstyle="Hyperlink" style="-webkit-tap-highlight-color: transparent; -webkit-user-drag: none; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; user-select: text;"> https://www.washingtonpost.com/technology/2022/11/24/ftx-bahamas-albany-fried/</span></span></a><span class="TextRun SCXW4687407 BCX0" data-contrast="none" lang="EN-US" style="-webkit-tap-highlight-color: transparent; -webkit-user-drag: none; font-family: "Times New Roman", "Times New Roman_EmbeddedFont", "Times New Roman_MSFontService", serif; font-size: 10pt; font-variant-ligatures: none; line-height: 17.2667px; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; user-select: text;" xml:lang="EN-US">. </span><span class="EOP SCXW4687407 BCX0" data-ccp-props="{"201341983":0,"335559685":560,"335559739":160,"335559740":259,"335559991":560}" style="-webkit-tap-highlight-color: transparent; -webkit-user-drag: none; font-family: "Times New Roman", "Times New Roman_EmbeddedFont", "Times New Roman_MSFontService", serif; font-size: 10pt; line-height: 17.2667px; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; user-select: text;"> </span></p></div><div class="OutlineElement Ltr SCXW4687407 BCX0" style="-webkit-tap-highlight-color: transparent; -webkit-user-drag: none; clear: both; cursor: text; direction: ltr; margin: 0px; overflow: visible; padding: 0px; position: relative; user-select: text;"><p class="Paragraph SCXW4687407 BCX0" paraeid="{a0670acb-9234-4138-9818-23f42dd93f38}{99}" paraid="1590100706" style="-webkit-tap-highlight-color: transparent; -webkit-user-drag: none; background-color: transparent; color: windowtext; font-kerning: none; margin: 0px 0px 0px 37px; overflow-wrap: break-word; padding: 0px; text-indent: -37px; user-select: text; vertical-align: baseline; white-space: pre-wrap;"><span class="TextRun SCXW4687407 BCX0" data-contrast="none" lang="EN-US" style="-webkit-tap-highlight-color: transparent; -webkit-user-drag: none; font-family: "Times New Roman", "Times New Roman_EmbeddedFont", "Times New Roman_MSFontService", serif; font-size: 10pt; font-variant-ligatures: none; line-height: 17.2667px; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; user-select: text;" xml:lang="EN-US">Huang, Kalley. “Why Did FTX Collapse? Here's What to Know.” </span><span class="TextRun SCXW4687407 BCX0" data-contrast="none" lang="EN-US" style="-webkit-tap-highlight-color: transparent; -webkit-user-drag: none; font-family: "Times New Roman", "Times New Roman_EmbeddedFont", "Times New Roman_MSFontService", serif; font-size: 10pt; font-style: italic; font-variant-ligatures: none; line-height: 17.2667px; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; user-select: text;" xml:lang="EN-US">The New York Times</span><span class="TextRun SCXW4687407 BCX0" data-contrast="none" lang="EN-US" style="-webkit-tap-highlight-color: transparent; -webkit-user-drag: none; font-family: "Times New Roman", "Times New Roman_EmbeddedFont", "Times New Roman_MSFontService", serif; font-size: 10pt; font-variant-ligatures: none; line-height: 17.2667px; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; user-select: text;" xml:lang="EN-US">, The New York Times, 10 Nov. 2022,</span><a class="Hyperlink SCXW4687407 BCX0" href="https://www.nytimes.com/2022/11/10/technology/ftx-binance-crypto-explained.html" rel="noreferrer noopener" style="-webkit-tap-highlight-color: transparent; -webkit-user-drag: none; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; text-decoration-line: none; user-select: text;" target="_blank"><span class="TextRun Underlined SCXW4687407 BCX0" data-contrast="none" lang="EN-US" style="-webkit-tap-highlight-color: transparent; -webkit-user-drag: none; color: #0563c1; font-family: "Times New Roman", "Times New Roman_EmbeddedFont", "Times New Roman_MSFontService", serif; font-size: 10pt; font-variant-ligatures: none; line-height: 17.2667px; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; text-decoration-line: underline; user-select: text;" xml:lang="EN-US"><span class="NormalTextRun SCXW4687407 BCX0" data-ccp-charstyle="Hyperlink" style="-webkit-tap-highlight-color: transparent; -webkit-user-drag: none; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; user-select: text;"> https://www.nytimes.com/2022/11/10/technology/ftx-binance-crypto-explained.html</span></span></a><span class="TextRun SCXW4687407 BCX0" data-contrast="none" lang="EN-US" style="-webkit-tap-highlight-color: transparent; -webkit-user-drag: none; font-family: "Times New Roman", "Times New Roman_EmbeddedFont", "Times New Roman_MSFontService", serif; font-size: 10pt; font-variant-ligatures: none; line-height: 17.2667px; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; user-select: text;" xml:lang="EN-US">. </span><span class="EOP SCXW4687407 BCX0" data-ccp-props="{"201341983":0,"335559685":560,"335559739":160,"335559740":259,"335559991":560}" style="-webkit-tap-highlight-color: transparent; -webkit-user-drag: none; font-family: "Times New Roman", "Times New Roman_EmbeddedFont", "Times New Roman_MSFontService", serif; font-size: 10pt; line-height: 17.2667px; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; user-select: text;"> </span></p></div><div class="OutlineElement Ltr SCXW4687407 BCX0" style="-webkit-tap-highlight-color: transparent; -webkit-user-drag: none; clear: both; cursor: text; direction: ltr; margin: 0px; overflow: visible; padding: 0px; position: relative; user-select: text;"><p class="Paragraph SCXW4687407 BCX0" paraeid="{a0670acb-9234-4138-9818-23f42dd93f38}{108}" paraid="806590328" style="-webkit-tap-highlight-color: transparent; -webkit-user-drag: none; background-color: transparent; color: windowtext; font-kerning: none; margin: 0px 0px 0px 37px; overflow-wrap: break-word; padding: 0px; text-indent: -37px; user-select: text; vertical-align: baseline; white-space: pre-wrap;"><span class="TextRun SCXW4687407 BCX0" data-contrast="none" lang="EN-US" style="-webkit-tap-highlight-color: transparent; -webkit-user-drag: none; font-family: "Times New Roman", "Times New Roman_EmbeddedFont", "Times New Roman_MSFontService", serif; font-size: 10pt; font-variant-ligatures: none; line-height: 17.2667px; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; user-select: text;" xml:lang="EN-US">Luo, Xinyi. “Who Is Gary Wang, the Mysterious Co-Founder of FTX and Alameda?” </span><span class="TextRun SCXW4687407 BCX0" data-contrast="none" lang="EN-US" style="-webkit-tap-highlight-color: transparent; -webkit-user-drag: none; font-family: "Times New Roman", "Times New Roman_EmbeddedFont", "Times New Roman_MSFontService", serif; font-size: 10pt; font-style: italic; font-variant-ligatures: none; line-height: 17.2667px; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; user-select: text;" xml:lang="EN-US">CoinDesk Latest Headlines RSS</span><span class="TextRun SCXW4687407 BCX0" data-contrast="none" lang="EN-US" style="-webkit-tap-highlight-color: transparent; -webkit-user-drag: none; font-family: "Times New Roman", "Times New Roman_EmbeddedFont", "Times New Roman_MSFontService", serif; font-size: 10pt; font-variant-ligatures: none; line-height: 17.2667px; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; user-select: text;" xml:lang="EN-US">, CoinDesk, 22 Nov. 2022,</span><a class="Hyperlink SCXW4687407 BCX0" href="https://www.coindesk.com/layer2/2022/11/22/who-is-gary-wang-the-mysterious-co-founder-of-ftx-and-alameda-research/" rel="noreferrer noopener" style="-webkit-tap-highlight-color: transparent; -webkit-user-drag: none; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; text-decoration-line: none; user-select: text;" target="_blank"><span class="TextRun Underlined SCXW4687407 BCX0" data-contrast="none" lang="EN-US" style="-webkit-tap-highlight-color: transparent; -webkit-user-drag: none; color: #0563c1; font-family: "Times New Roman", "Times New Roman_EmbeddedFont", "Times New Roman_MSFontService", serif; font-size: 10pt; font-variant-ligatures: none; line-height: 17.2667px; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; text-decoration-line: underline; user-select: text;" xml:lang="EN-US"><span class="NormalTextRun SCXW4687407 BCX0" data-ccp-charstyle="Hyperlink" style="-webkit-tap-highlight-color: transparent; -webkit-user-drag: none; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; user-select: text;"> https://www.coindesk.com/layer2/2022/11/22/who-is-gary-wang-the-mysterious-co-founder-of-ftx-and-alameda-research/</span></span></a><span class="TextRun SCXW4687407 BCX0" data-contrast="none" lang="EN-US" style="-webkit-tap-highlight-color: transparent; -webkit-user-drag: none; font-family: "Times New Roman", "Times New Roman_EmbeddedFont", "Times New Roman_MSFontService", serif; font-size: 10pt; font-variant-ligatures: none; line-height: 17.2667px; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; user-select: text;" xml:lang="EN-US">. </span><span class="EOP SCXW4687407 BCX0" data-ccp-props="{"201341983":0,"335559685":560,"335559739":160,"335559740":259,"335559991":560}" style="-webkit-tap-highlight-color: transparent; -webkit-user-drag: none; font-family: "Times New Roman", "Times New Roman_EmbeddedFont", "Times New Roman_MSFontService", serif; font-size: 10pt; line-height: 17.2667px; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; user-select: text;"> </span></p></div><div class="OutlineElement Ltr SCXW4687407 BCX0" style="-webkit-tap-highlight-color: transparent; -webkit-user-drag: none; clear: both; cursor: text; direction: ltr; margin: 0px; overflow: visible; padding: 0px; position: relative; user-select: text;"><p class="Paragraph SCXW4687407 BCX0" paraeid="{a0670acb-9234-4138-9818-23f42dd93f38}{117}" paraid="1424234764" style="-webkit-tap-highlight-color: transparent; -webkit-user-drag: none; background-color: transparent; color: windowtext; font-kerning: none; margin: 0px 0px 0px 37px; overflow-wrap: break-word; padding: 0px; text-indent: -37px; user-select: text; vertical-align: baseline; white-space: pre-wrap;"><span class="TextRun SCXW4687407 BCX0" data-contrast="none" lang="EN-US" style="-webkit-tap-highlight-color: transparent; -webkit-user-drag: none; font-family: "Times New Roman", "Times New Roman_EmbeddedFont", "Times New Roman_MSFontService", serif; font-size: 10pt; font-variant-ligatures: none; line-height: 17.2667px; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; user-select: text;" xml:lang="EN-US">Olinga, Luc. “Timeline of Cryptocurrency Exchange FTX's Epic Collapse.” </span><span class="TextRun SCXW4687407 BCX0" data-contrast="none" lang="EN-US" style="-webkit-tap-highlight-color: transparent; -webkit-user-drag: none; font-family: "Times New Roman", "Times New Roman_EmbeddedFont", "Times New Roman_MSFontService", serif; font-size: 10pt; font-style: italic; font-variant-ligatures: none; line-height: 17.2667px; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; user-select: text;" xml:lang="EN-US">TheStreet</span><span class="TextRun SCXW4687407 BCX0" data-contrast="none" lang="EN-US" style="-webkit-tap-highlight-color: transparent; -webkit-user-drag: none; font-family: "Times New Roman", "Times New Roman_EmbeddedFont", "Times New Roman_MSFontService", serif; font-size: 10pt; font-variant-ligatures: none; line-height: 17.2667px; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; user-select: text;" xml:lang="EN-US">, TheStreet, 20 Nov. 2022,</span><a class="Hyperlink SCXW4687407 BCX0" href="https://www.thestreet.com/investing/cryptocurrency/timeline-of-cryptocurrency-exchange-ftxs-epic-collapse" rel="noreferrer noopener" style="-webkit-tap-highlight-color: transparent; -webkit-user-drag: none; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; text-decoration-line: none; user-select: text;" target="_blank"><span class="TextRun Underlined SCXW4687407 BCX0" data-contrast="none" lang="EN-US" style="-webkit-tap-highlight-color: transparent; -webkit-user-drag: none; color: #0563c1; font-family: "Times New Roman", "Times New Roman_EmbeddedFont", "Times New Roman_MSFontService", serif; font-size: 10pt; font-variant-ligatures: none; line-height: 17.2667px; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; text-decoration-line: underline; user-select: text;" xml:lang="EN-US"><span class="NormalTextRun SCXW4687407 BCX0" data-ccp-charstyle="Hyperlink" style="-webkit-tap-highlight-color: transparent; -webkit-user-drag: none; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; user-select: text;"> https://www.thestreet.com/investing/cryptocurrency/timeline-of-cryptocurrency-exchange-ftxs-epic-collapse</span></span></a><span class="TextRun SCXW4687407 BCX0" data-contrast="none" lang="EN-US" style="-webkit-tap-highlight-color: transparent; -webkit-user-drag: none; font-family: "Times New Roman", "Times New Roman_EmbeddedFont", "Times New Roman_MSFontService", serif; font-size: 10pt; font-variant-ligatures: none; line-height: 17.2667px; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; user-select: text;" xml:lang="EN-US">. </span><span class="EOP SCXW4687407 BCX0" data-ccp-props="{"201341983":0,"335559685":560,"335559739":160,"335559740":259,"335559991":560}" style="-webkit-tap-highlight-color: transparent; -webkit-user-drag: none; font-family: "Times New Roman", "Times New Roman_EmbeddedFont", "Times New Roman_MSFontService", serif; font-size: 10pt; line-height: 17.2667px; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; user-select: text;"> </span></p></div><div class="OutlineElement Ltr SCXW4687407 BCX0" style="-webkit-tap-highlight-color: transparent; -webkit-user-drag: none; clear: both; cursor: text; direction: ltr; margin: 0px; overflow: visible; padding: 0px; position: relative; user-select: text;"><p class="Paragraph SCXW4687407 BCX0" paraeid="{a0670acb-9234-4138-9818-23f42dd93f38}{126}" paraid="1675529376" style="-webkit-tap-highlight-color: transparent; -webkit-user-drag: none; background-color: transparent; color: windowtext; font-kerning: none; margin: 0px 0px 0px 37px; overflow-wrap: break-word; padding: 0px; text-indent: -37px; user-select: text; vertical-align: baseline; white-space: pre-wrap;"><span class="TextRun SCXW4687407 BCX0" data-contrast="none" lang="EN-US" style="-webkit-tap-highlight-color: transparent; -webkit-user-drag: none; font-family: "Times New Roman", "Times New Roman_EmbeddedFont", "Times New Roman_MSFontService", serif; font-size: 10pt; font-variant-ligatures: none; line-height: 17.2667px; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; user-select: text;" xml:lang="EN-US"><span class="NormalTextRun SCXW4687407 BCX0" style="-webkit-tap-highlight-color: transparent; -webkit-user-drag: none; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; user-select: text;">Peterson-</span><span class="NormalTextRun SCXW4687407 BCX0" style="-webkit-tap-highlight-color: transparent; -webkit-user-drag: none; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; user-select: text;">Withorn</span><span class="NormalTextRun SCXW4687407 BCX0" style="-webkit-tap-highlight-color: transparent; -webkit-user-drag: none; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; user-select: text;">, Chase. “Exclusive: These FTX Investors Stand to Lose the Most from the Crypto Exchange's Implosion.” </span></span><span class="TextRun SCXW4687407 BCX0" data-contrast="none" lang="EN-US" style="-webkit-tap-highlight-color: transparent; -webkit-user-drag: none; font-family: "Times New Roman", "Times New Roman_EmbeddedFont", "Times New Roman_MSFontService", serif; font-size: 10pt; font-style: italic; font-variant-ligatures: none; line-height: 17.2667px; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; user-select: text;" xml:lang="EN-US">Forbes</span><span class="TextRun SCXW4687407 BCX0" data-contrast="none" lang="EN-US" style="-webkit-tap-highlight-color: transparent; -webkit-user-drag: none; font-family: "Times New Roman", "Times New Roman_EmbeddedFont", "Times New Roman_MSFontService", serif; font-size: 10pt; font-variant-ligatures: none; line-height: 17.2667px; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; user-select: text;" xml:lang="EN-US">, Forbes Magazine, 20 Nov. 2022,</span><a class="Hyperlink SCXW4687407 BCX0" href="https://www.forbes.com/sites/chasewithorn/2022/11/10/exclusive-these-investors-stand-to-lose-the-most-from-ftxs-implosion/?sh=20821a922670" rel="noreferrer noopener" style="-webkit-tap-highlight-color: transparent; -webkit-user-drag: none; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; text-decoration-line: none; user-select: text;" target="_blank"><span class="TextRun Underlined SCXW4687407 BCX0" data-contrast="none" lang="EN-US" style="-webkit-tap-highlight-color: transparent; -webkit-user-drag: none; color: #0563c1; font-family: "Times New Roman", "Times New Roman_EmbeddedFont", "Times New Roman_MSFontService", serif; font-size: 10pt; font-variant-ligatures: none; line-height: 17.2667px; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; text-decoration-line: underline; user-select: text;" xml:lang="EN-US"><span class="NormalTextRun SCXW4687407 BCX0" data-ccp-charstyle="Hyperlink" style="-webkit-tap-highlight-color: transparent; -webkit-user-drag: none; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; user-select: text;"> https://www.forbes.com/sites/chasewithorn/2022/11/10/exclusive-these-investors-stand-to-lose-the-most-from-ftxs-implosion/?sh=20821a922670</span></span></a><span class="TextRun SCXW4687407 BCX0" data-contrast="none" lang="EN-US" style="-webkit-tap-highlight-color: transparent; -webkit-user-drag: none; font-family: "Times New Roman", "Times New Roman_EmbeddedFont", "Times New Roman_MSFontService", serif; font-size: 10pt; font-variant-ligatures: none; line-height: 17.2667px; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; user-select: text;" xml:lang="EN-US">. </span><span class="EOP SCXW4687407 BCX0" data-ccp-props="{"201341983":0,"335559685":560,"335559739":160,"335559740":259,"335559991":560}" style="-webkit-tap-highlight-color: transparent; -webkit-user-drag: none; font-family: "Times New Roman", "Times New Roman_EmbeddedFont", "Times New Roman_MSFontService", serif; font-size: 10pt; line-height: 17.2667px; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; user-select: text;"> </span></p></div><div class="OutlineElement Ltr SCXW4687407 BCX0" style="-webkit-tap-highlight-color: transparent; -webkit-user-drag: none; clear: both; cursor: text; direction: ltr; margin: 0px; overflow: visible; padding: 0px; position: relative; user-select: text;"><p class="Paragraph SCXW4687407 BCX0" paraeid="{a0670acb-9234-4138-9818-23f42dd93f38}{135}" paraid="426749246" style="-webkit-tap-highlight-color: transparent; -webkit-user-drag: none; background-color: transparent; color: windowtext; font-kerning: none; margin: 0px 0px 0px 37px; overflow-wrap: break-word; padding: 0px; text-indent: -37px; user-select: text; vertical-align: baseline; white-space: pre-wrap;"><span class="TextRun SCXW4687407 BCX0" data-contrast="none" lang="EN-US" style="-webkit-tap-highlight-color: transparent; -webkit-user-drag: none; font-family: "Times New Roman", "Times New Roman_EmbeddedFont", "Times New Roman_MSFontService", serif; font-size: 10pt; font-variant-ligatures: none; line-height: 17.2667px; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; user-select: text;" xml:lang="EN-US">Reiff, Nathan. “The Collapse of FTX: What Went Wrong with the Crypto Exchange?” </span><span class="TextRun SCXW4687407 BCX0" data-contrast="none" lang="EN-US" style="-webkit-tap-highlight-color: transparent; -webkit-user-drag: none; font-family: "Times New Roman", "Times New Roman_EmbeddedFont", "Times New Roman_MSFontService", serif; font-size: 10pt; font-style: italic; font-variant-ligatures: none; line-height: 17.2667px; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; user-select: text;" xml:lang="EN-US">Investopedia</span><span class="TextRun SCXW4687407 BCX0" data-contrast="none" lang="EN-US" style="-webkit-tap-highlight-color: transparent; -webkit-user-drag: none; font-family: "Times New Roman", "Times New Roman_EmbeddedFont", "Times New Roman_MSFontService", serif; font-size: 10pt; font-variant-ligatures: none; line-height: 17.2667px; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; user-select: text;" xml:lang="EN-US">, Investopedia, 18 Nov. 2022,</span><a class="Hyperlink SCXW4687407 BCX0" href="https://www.investopedia.com/what-went-wrong-with-ftx-6828447" rel="noreferrer noopener" style="-webkit-tap-highlight-color: transparent; -webkit-user-drag: none; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; text-decoration-line: none; user-select: text;" target="_blank"><span class="TextRun Underlined SCXW4687407 BCX0" data-contrast="none" lang="EN-US" style="-webkit-tap-highlight-color: transparent; -webkit-user-drag: none; color: #0563c1; font-family: "Times New Roman", "Times New Roman_EmbeddedFont", "Times New Roman_MSFontService", serif; font-size: 10pt; font-variant-ligatures: none; line-height: 17.2667px; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; text-decoration-line: underline; user-select: text;" xml:lang="EN-US"><span class="NormalTextRun SCXW4687407 BCX0" data-ccp-charstyle="Hyperlink" style="-webkit-tap-highlight-color: transparent; -webkit-user-drag: none; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; user-select: text;"> https://www.investopedia.com/what-went-wrong-with-ftx-6828447</span></span></a><span class="TextRun SCXW4687407 BCX0" data-contrast="none" lang="EN-US" style="-webkit-tap-highlight-color: transparent; -webkit-user-drag: none; font-family: "Times New Roman", "Times New Roman_EmbeddedFont", "Times New Roman_MSFontService", serif; font-size: 10pt; font-variant-ligatures: none; line-height: 17.2667px; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; user-select: text;" xml:lang="EN-US">. </span><span class="EOP SCXW4687407 BCX0" data-ccp-props="{"201341983":0,"335559685":560,"335559739":160,"335559740":259,"335559991":560}" style="-webkit-tap-highlight-color: transparent; -webkit-user-drag: none; font-family: "Times New Roman", "Times New Roman_EmbeddedFont", "Times New Roman_MSFontService", serif; font-size: 10pt; line-height: 17.2667px; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; user-select: text;"> </span></p></div><div class="OutlineElement Ltr SCXW4687407 BCX0" style="-webkit-tap-highlight-color: transparent; -webkit-user-drag: none; clear: both; cursor: text; direction: ltr; margin: 0px; overflow: visible; padding: 0px; position: relative; user-select: text;"><p class="Paragraph SCXW4687407 BCX0" paraeid="{a0670acb-9234-4138-9818-23f42dd93f38}{144}" paraid="531151893" style="-webkit-tap-highlight-color: transparent; -webkit-user-drag: none; background-color: transparent; color: windowtext; font-kerning: none; margin: 0px 0px 0px 37px; overflow-wrap: break-word; padding: 0px; text-indent: -37px; user-select: text; vertical-align: baseline; white-space: pre-wrap;"><span class="TextRun SCXW4687407 BCX0" data-contrast="none" lang="EN-US" style="-webkit-tap-highlight-color: transparent; -webkit-user-drag: none; font-family: "Times New Roman", "Times New Roman_EmbeddedFont", "Times New Roman_MSFontService", serif; font-size: 10pt; font-variant-ligatures: none; line-height: 17.2667px; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; user-select: text;" xml:lang="EN-US">Reynolds, Sam. “Bankman-Fried Says FTX No Longer Calls Hong Kong 'Home'. Here's Why.” </span><span class="TextRun SCXW4687407 BCX0" data-contrast="none" lang="EN-US" style="-webkit-tap-highlight-color: transparent; -webkit-user-drag: none; font-family: "Times New Roman", "Times New Roman_EmbeddedFont", "Times New Roman_MSFontService", serif; font-size: 10pt; font-style: italic; font-variant-ligatures: none; line-height: 17.2667px; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; user-select: text;" xml:lang="EN-US">Blockworks</span><span class="TextRun SCXW4687407 BCX0" data-contrast="none" lang="EN-US" style="-webkit-tap-highlight-color: transparent; -webkit-user-drag: none; font-family: "Times New Roman", "Times New Roman_EmbeddedFont", "Times New Roman_MSFontService", serif; font-size: 10pt; font-variant-ligatures: none; line-height: 17.2667px; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; user-select: text;" xml:lang="EN-US">, 23 Sept. 2021,</span><a class="Hyperlink SCXW4687407 BCX0" href="https://blockworks.co/news/bankman-fried-says-ftx-no-longer-calls-hong-kong-home-heres-why" rel="noreferrer noopener" style="-webkit-tap-highlight-color: transparent; -webkit-user-drag: none; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; text-decoration-line: none; user-select: text;" target="_blank"><span class="TextRun Underlined SCXW4687407 BCX0" data-contrast="none" lang="EN-US" style="-webkit-tap-highlight-color: transparent; -webkit-user-drag: none; color: #0563c1; font-family: "Times New Roman", "Times New Roman_EmbeddedFont", "Times New Roman_MSFontService", serif; font-size: 10pt; font-variant-ligatures: none; line-height: 17.2667px; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; text-decoration-line: underline; user-select: text;" xml:lang="EN-US"><span class="NormalTextRun SCXW4687407 BCX0" data-ccp-charstyle="Hyperlink" style="-webkit-tap-highlight-color: transparent; -webkit-user-drag: none; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; user-select: text;"> https://blockworks.co/news/bankman-fried-says-ftx-no-longer-calls-hong-kong-home-heres-why</span></span></a><span class="TextRun SCXW4687407 BCX0" data-contrast="none" lang="EN-US" style="-webkit-tap-highlight-color: transparent; -webkit-user-drag: none; font-family: "Times New Roman", "Times New Roman_EmbeddedFont", "Times New Roman_MSFontService", serif; font-size: 10pt; font-variant-ligatures: none; line-height: 17.2667px; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; user-select: text;" xml:lang="EN-US">. </span><span class="EOP SCXW4687407 BCX0" data-ccp-props="{"201341983":0,"335559685":560,"335559739":160,"335559740":259,"335559991":560}" style="-webkit-tap-highlight-color: transparent; -webkit-user-drag: none; font-family: "Times New Roman", "Times New Roman_EmbeddedFont", "Times New Roman_MSFontService", serif; font-size: 10pt; line-height: 17.2667px; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; user-select: text;"> </span></p></div><div class="OutlineElement Ltr SCXW4687407 BCX0" style="-webkit-tap-highlight-color: transparent; -webkit-user-drag: none; clear: both; cursor: text; direction: ltr; margin: 0px; overflow: visible; padding: 0px; position: relative; user-select: text;"><p class="Paragraph SCXW4687407 BCX0" paraeid="{a0670acb-9234-4138-9818-23f42dd93f38}{153}" paraid="164287518" style="-webkit-tap-highlight-color: transparent; -webkit-user-drag: none; background-color: transparent; color: windowtext; font-kerning: none; margin: 0px 0px 0px 37px; overflow-wrap: break-word; padding: 0px; text-indent: -37px; user-select: text; vertical-align: baseline; white-space: pre-wrap;"><span class="TextRun SCXW4687407 BCX0" data-contrast="none" lang="EN-US" style="-webkit-tap-highlight-color: transparent; -webkit-user-drag: none; font-family: "Times New Roman", "Times New Roman_EmbeddedFont", "Times New Roman_MSFontService", serif; font-size: 10pt; font-variant-ligatures: none; line-height: 17.2667px; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; user-select: text;" xml:lang="EN-US">Romm, Tony. “Congress Took Millions from FTX. Now Lawmakers Face a Crypto Reckoning.” </span><span class="TextRun SCXW4687407 BCX0" data-contrast="none" lang="EN-US" style="-webkit-tap-highlight-color: transparent; -webkit-user-drag: none; font-family: "Times New Roman", "Times New Roman_EmbeddedFont", "Times New Roman_MSFontService", serif; font-size: 10pt; font-style: italic; font-variant-ligatures: none; line-height: 17.2667px; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; user-select: text;" xml:lang="EN-US">The Washington Post</span><span class="TextRun SCXW4687407 BCX0" data-contrast="none" lang="EN-US" style="-webkit-tap-highlight-color: transparent; -webkit-user-drag: none; font-family: "Times New Roman", "Times New Roman_EmbeddedFont", "Times New Roman_MSFontService", serif; font-size: 10pt; font-variant-ligatures: none; line-height: 17.2667px; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; user-select: text;" xml:lang="EN-US">, WP Company, 19 Nov. 2022,</span><a class="Hyperlink SCXW4687407 BCX0" href="https://www.washingtonpost.com/us-policy/2022/11/17/congress-crypto-ftx-regulations-law/" rel="noreferrer noopener" style="-webkit-tap-highlight-color: transparent; -webkit-user-drag: none; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; text-decoration-line: none; user-select: text;" target="_blank"><span class="TextRun Underlined SCXW4687407 BCX0" data-contrast="none" lang="EN-US" style="-webkit-tap-highlight-color: transparent; -webkit-user-drag: none; color: #0563c1; font-family: "Times New Roman", "Times New Roman_EmbeddedFont", "Times New Roman_MSFontService", serif; font-size: 10pt; font-variant-ligatures: none; line-height: 17.2667px; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; text-decoration-line: underline; user-select: text;" xml:lang="EN-US"><span class="NormalTextRun SCXW4687407 BCX0" data-ccp-charstyle="Hyperlink" style="-webkit-tap-highlight-color: transparent; -webkit-user-drag: none; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; user-select: text;"> https://www.washingtonpost.com/us-policy/2022/11/17/congress-crypto-ftx-regulations-law/</span></span></a><span class="TextRun SCXW4687407 BCX0" data-contrast="none" lang="EN-US" style="-webkit-tap-highlight-color: transparent; -webkit-user-drag: none; font-family: "Times New Roman", "Times New Roman_EmbeddedFont", "Times New Roman_MSFontService", serif; font-size: 10pt; font-variant-ligatures: none; line-height: 17.2667px; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; user-select: text;" xml:lang="EN-US">. </span><span class="EOP SCXW4687407 BCX0" data-ccp-props="{"201341983":0,"335559685":560,"335559739":160,"335559740":259,"335559991":560}" style="-webkit-tap-highlight-color: transparent; -webkit-user-drag: none; font-family: "Times New Roman", "Times New Roman_EmbeddedFont", "Times New Roman_MSFontService", serif; font-size: 10pt; line-height: 17.2667px; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; user-select: text;"> </span></p></div><div class="OutlineElement Ltr SCXW4687407 BCX0" style="-webkit-tap-highlight-color: transparent; -webkit-user-drag: none; clear: both; cursor: text; direction: ltr; margin: 0px; overflow: visible; padding: 0px; position: relative; user-select: text;"><p class="Paragraph SCXW4687407 BCX0" paraeid="{a0670acb-9234-4138-9818-23f42dd93f38}{162}" paraid="2133422635" style="-webkit-tap-highlight-color: transparent; -webkit-user-drag: none; background-color: transparent; color: windowtext; font-kerning: none; margin: 0px 0px 0px 37px; overflow-wrap: break-word; padding: 0px; text-indent: -37px; user-select: text; vertical-align: baseline; white-space: pre-wrap;"><span class="TextRun SCXW4687407 BCX0" data-contrast="none" lang="EN-US" style="-webkit-tap-highlight-color: transparent; -webkit-user-drag: none; font-family: "Times New Roman", "Times New Roman_EmbeddedFont", "Times New Roman_MSFontService", serif; font-size: 10pt; font-variant-ligatures: none; line-height: 17.2667px; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; user-select: text;" xml:lang="EN-US">Rubio-Licht, Nat, and The Fintech Team. “Here's a Timeline of FTX's Collapse.” </span><span class="TextRun SCXW4687407 BCX0" data-contrast="none" lang="EN-US" style="-webkit-tap-highlight-color: transparent; -webkit-user-drag: none; font-family: "Times New Roman", "Times New Roman_EmbeddedFont", "Times New Roman_MSFontService", serif; font-size: 10pt; font-style: italic; font-variant-ligatures: none; line-height: 17.2667px; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; user-select: text;" xml:lang="EN-US">Protocol</span><span class="TextRun SCXW4687407 BCX0" data-contrast="none" lang="EN-US" style="-webkit-tap-highlight-color: transparent; -webkit-user-drag: none; font-family: "Times New Roman", "Times New Roman_EmbeddedFont", "Times New Roman_MSFontService", serif; font-size: 10pt; font-variant-ligatures: none; line-height: 17.2667px; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; user-select: text;" xml:lang="EN-US">, Protocol, 14 Nov. 2022,</span><a class="Hyperlink SCXW4687407 BCX0" href="https://www.protocol.com/fintech/ftx-collapse-timeline" rel="noreferrer noopener" style="-webkit-tap-highlight-color: transparent; -webkit-user-drag: none; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; text-decoration-line: none; user-select: text;" target="_blank"><span class="TextRun Underlined SCXW4687407 BCX0" data-contrast="none" lang="EN-US" style="-webkit-tap-highlight-color: transparent; -webkit-user-drag: none; color: #0563c1; font-family: "Times New Roman", "Times New Roman_EmbeddedFont", "Times New Roman_MSFontService", serif; font-size: 10pt; font-variant-ligatures: none; line-height: 17.2667px; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; text-decoration-line: underline; user-select: text;" xml:lang="EN-US"><span class="NormalTextRun SCXW4687407 BCX0" data-ccp-charstyle="Hyperlink" style="-webkit-tap-highlight-color: transparent; -webkit-user-drag: none; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; user-select: text;"> https://www.protocol.com/fintech/ftx-collapse-timeline</span></span></a><span class="TextRun SCXW4687407 BCX0" data-contrast="none" lang="EN-US" style="-webkit-tap-highlight-color: transparent; -webkit-user-drag: none; font-family: "Times New Roman", "Times New Roman_EmbeddedFont", "Times New Roman_MSFontService", serif; font-size: 10pt; font-variant-ligatures: none; line-height: 17.2667px; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; user-select: text;" xml:lang="EN-US">. </span><span class="EOP SCXW4687407 BCX0" data-ccp-props="{"201341983":0,"335559685":560,"335559739":160,"335559740":259,"335559991":560}" style="-webkit-tap-highlight-color: transparent; -webkit-user-drag: none; font-family: "Times New Roman", "Times New Roman_EmbeddedFont", "Times New Roman_MSFontService", serif; font-size: 10pt; line-height: 17.2667px; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; user-select: text;"> </span></p></div><div class="OutlineElement Ltr SCXW4687407 BCX0" style="-webkit-tap-highlight-color: transparent; -webkit-user-drag: none; clear: both; cursor: text; direction: ltr; margin: 0px; overflow: visible; padding: 0px; position: relative; user-select: text;"><p class="Paragraph SCXW4687407 BCX0" paraeid="{a0670acb-9234-4138-9818-23f42dd93f38}{171}" paraid="1402338014" style="-webkit-tap-highlight-color: transparent; -webkit-user-drag: none; background-color: transparent; color: windowtext; font-kerning: none; margin: 0px 0px 0px 37px; overflow-wrap: break-word; padding: 0px; text-indent: -37px; user-select: text; vertical-align: baseline; white-space: pre-wrap;"><span class="TextRun SCXW4687407 BCX0" data-contrast="none" lang="EN-US" style="-webkit-tap-highlight-color: transparent; -webkit-user-drag: none; font-family: "Times New Roman", "Times New Roman_EmbeddedFont", "Times New Roman_MSFontService", serif; font-size: 10pt; font-variant-ligatures: none; line-height: 17.2667px; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; user-select: text;" xml:lang="EN-US">Strauss, Daniel, et al. “Inside Sam Bankman-Fried's Long, Long, Long Money Trail.” </span><span class="TextRun SCXW4687407 BCX0" data-contrast="none" lang="EN-US" style="-webkit-tap-highlight-color: transparent; -webkit-user-drag: none; font-family: "Times New Roman", "Times New Roman_EmbeddedFont", "Times New Roman_MSFontService", serif; font-size: 10pt; font-style: italic; font-variant-ligatures: none; line-height: 17.2667px; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; user-select: text;" xml:lang="EN-US">The New Republic</span><span class="TextRun SCXW4687407 BCX0" data-contrast="none" lang="EN-US" style="-webkit-tap-highlight-color: transparent; -webkit-user-drag: none; font-family: "Times New Roman", "Times New Roman_EmbeddedFont", "Times New Roman_MSFontService", serif; font-size: 10pt; font-variant-ligatures: none; line-height: 17.2667px; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; user-select: text;" xml:lang="EN-US">, 23 Nov. 2022,</span><a class="Hyperlink SCXW4687407 BCX0" href="https://newrepublic.com/article/169104/sam-bankman-fried-ftx-political-donations-democrats-republicans-congress" rel="noreferrer noopener" style="-webkit-tap-highlight-color: transparent; -webkit-user-drag: none; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; text-decoration-line: none; user-select: text;" target="_blank"><span class="TextRun Underlined SCXW4687407 BCX0" data-contrast="none" lang="EN-US" style="-webkit-tap-highlight-color: transparent; -webkit-user-drag: none; color: #0563c1; font-family: "Times New Roman", "Times New Roman_EmbeddedFont", "Times New Roman_MSFontService", serif; font-size: 10pt; font-variant-ligatures: none; line-height: 17.2667px; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; text-decoration-line: underline; user-select: text;" xml:lang="EN-US"><span class="NormalTextRun SCXW4687407 BCX0" data-ccp-charstyle="Hyperlink" style="-webkit-tap-highlight-color: transparent; -webkit-user-drag: none; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; user-select: text;"> https://newrepublic.com/article/169104/sam-bankman-fried-ftx-political-donations-democrats-republicans-congress</span></span></a><span class="TextRun SCXW4687407 BCX0" data-contrast="none" lang="EN-US" style="-webkit-tap-highlight-color: transparent; -webkit-user-drag: none; font-family: "Times New Roman", "Times New Roman_EmbeddedFont", "Times New Roman_MSFontService", serif; font-size: 10pt; font-variant-ligatures: none; line-height: 17.2667px; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; user-select: text;" xml:lang="EN-US">. </span><span class="EOP SCXW4687407 BCX0" data-ccp-props="{"201341983":0,"335559685":560,"335559739":160,"335559740":259,"335559991":560}" style="-webkit-tap-highlight-color: transparent; -webkit-user-drag: none; font-family: "Times New Roman", "Times New Roman_EmbeddedFont", "Times New Roman_MSFontService", serif; font-size: 10pt; line-height: 17.2667px; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; user-select: text;"> </span></p></div><div class="OutlineElement Ltr SCXW4687407 BCX0" style="-webkit-tap-highlight-color: transparent; -webkit-user-drag: none; clear: both; cursor: text; direction: ltr; margin: 0px; overflow: visible; padding: 0px; position: relative; user-select: text;"><p class="Paragraph SCXW4687407 BCX0" paraeid="{a0670acb-9234-4138-9818-23f42dd93f38}{180}" paraid="943157812" style="-webkit-tap-highlight-color: transparent; -webkit-user-drag: none; background-color: transparent; color: windowtext; font-kerning: none; margin: 0px 0px 0px 37px; overflow-wrap: break-word; padding: 0px; text-indent: -37px; user-select: text; vertical-align: baseline; white-space: pre-wrap;"><span class="TextRun SCXW4687407 BCX0" data-contrast="none" lang="EN-US" style="-webkit-tap-highlight-color: transparent; -webkit-user-drag: none; font-family: "Times New Roman", "Times New Roman_EmbeddedFont", "Times New Roman_MSFontService", serif; font-size: 10pt; font-variant-ligatures: none; line-height: 17.2667px; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; user-select: text;" xml:lang="EN-US">Young, Sage D, and Bradley Koun. “The Epic Collapse of Sam Bankman-Fried's FTX Exchange: A Crypto Markets Timeline.” </span><span class="TextRun SCXW4687407 BCX0" data-contrast="none" lang="EN-US" style="-webkit-tap-highlight-color: transparent; -webkit-user-drag: none; font-family: "Times New Roman", "Times New Roman_EmbeddedFont", "Times New Roman_MSFontService", serif; font-size: 10pt; font-style: italic; font-variant-ligatures: none; line-height: 17.2667px; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; user-select: text;" xml:lang="EN-US">CoinDesk Latest Headlines RSS</span><span class="TextRun SCXW4687407 BCX0" data-contrast="none" lang="EN-US" style="-webkit-tap-highlight-color: transparent; -webkit-user-drag: none; font-family: "Times New Roman", "Times New Roman_EmbeddedFont", "Times New Roman_MSFontService", serif; font-size: 10pt; font-variant-ligatures: none; line-height: 17.2667px; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; user-select: text;" xml:lang="EN-US">, CoinDesk, 15 Nov. 2022,</span><a class="Hyperlink SCXW4687407 BCX0" href="https://www.coindesk.com/markets/2022/11/12/the-epic-collapse-of-sam-bankman-frieds-ftx-exchange-a-crypto-markets-timeline/" rel="noreferrer noopener" style="-webkit-tap-highlight-color: transparent; -webkit-user-drag: none; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; text-decoration-line: none; user-select: text;" target="_blank"><span class="TextRun Underlined SCXW4687407 BCX0" data-contrast="none" lang="EN-US" style="-webkit-tap-highlight-color: transparent; -webkit-user-drag: none; color: #0563c1; font-family: "Times New Roman", "Times New Roman_EmbeddedFont", "Times New Roman_MSFontService", serif; font-size: 10pt; font-variant-ligatures: none; line-height: 17.2667px; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; text-decoration-line: underline; user-select: text;" xml:lang="EN-US"><span class="NormalTextRun SCXW4687407 BCX0" data-ccp-charstyle="Hyperlink" style="-webkit-tap-highlight-color: transparent; -webkit-user-drag: none; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; user-select: text;"> https://www.coindesk.com/markets/2022/11/12/the-epic-collapse-of-sam-bankman-frieds-ftx-exchange-a-crypto-markets-timeline/</span></span></a><span class="TextRun SCXW4687407 BCX0" data-contrast="none" lang="EN-US" style="-webkit-tap-highlight-color: transparent; -webkit-user-drag: none; 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-webkit-user-drag: none; background-color: transparent; color: windowtext; font-kerning: none; margin: 0px 0px 0px 37px; overflow-wrap: break-word; padding: 0px; text-indent: -37px; user-select: text; vertical-align: baseline; white-space: pre-wrap;"><span class="TextRun SCXW4687407 BCX0" data-contrast="none" lang="EN-US" style="-webkit-tap-highlight-color: transparent; -webkit-user-drag: none; font-family: "Times New Roman", "Times New Roman_EmbeddedFont", "Times New Roman_MSFontService", serif; font-size: 10pt; font-variant-ligatures: none; line-height: 17.2667px; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; user-select: text;" xml:lang="EN-US"><span class="NormalTextRun SCXW4687407 BCX0" style="-webkit-tap-highlight-color: transparent; -webkit-user-drag: none; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; user-select: text;">Zilla, </span><span class="NormalTextRun SCXW4687407 BCX0" style="-webkit-tap-highlight-color: transparent; -webkit-user-drag: none; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; user-select: text;">Coffe</span><span class="NormalTextRun SCXW4687407 BCX0" style="-webkit-tap-highlight-color: transparent; -webkit-user-drag: none; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; user-select: text;">, director. </span></span><span class="TextRun SCXW4687407 BCX0" data-contrast="none" lang="EN-US" style="-webkit-tap-highlight-color: transparent; -webkit-user-drag: none; font-family: "Times New Roman", "Times New Roman_EmbeddedFont", "Times New Roman_MSFontService", serif; font-size: 10pt; font-style: italic; font-variant-ligatures: none; line-height: 17.2667px; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; user-select: text;" xml:lang="EN-US">Crypto CEO Accidentally Describes Ponzi Scheme</span><span class="TextRun SCXW4687407 BCX0" data-contrast="none" lang="EN-US" style="-webkit-tap-highlight-color: transparent; -webkit-user-drag: none; font-family: "Times New Roman", "Times New Roman_EmbeddedFont", "Times New Roman_MSFontService", serif; font-size: 10pt; font-variant-ligatures: none; line-height: 17.2667px; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; user-select: text;" xml:lang="EN-US">. </span><span class="TextRun SCXW4687407 BCX0" data-contrast="none" lang="EN-US" style="-webkit-tap-highlight-color: transparent; -webkit-user-drag: none; font-family: "Times New Roman", "Times New Roman_EmbeddedFont", "Times New Roman_MSFontService", serif; font-size: 10pt; font-style: italic; font-variant-ligatures: none; line-height: 17.2667px; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; user-select: text;" xml:lang="EN-US">YouTube</span><span class="TextRun SCXW4687407 BCX0" data-contrast="none" lang="EN-US" style="-webkit-tap-highlight-color: transparent; -webkit-user-drag: none; font-family: "Times New Roman", "Times New Roman_EmbeddedFont", "Times New Roman_MSFontService", serif; font-size: 10pt; font-variant-ligatures: none; line-height: 17.2667px; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; user-select: text;" xml:lang="EN-US">, YouTube, 26 Apr. 2022,</span><a class="Hyperlink SCXW4687407 BCX0" href="https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=C6nAxiym9oc" rel="noreferrer noopener" style="-webkit-tap-highlight-color: transparent; -webkit-user-drag: none; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; text-decoration-line: none; user-select: text;" target="_blank"><span class="TextRun Underlined SCXW4687407 BCX0" data-contrast="none" lang="EN-US" style="-webkit-tap-highlight-color: transparent; -webkit-user-drag: none; color: #0563c1; font-family: "Times New Roman", "Times New Roman_EmbeddedFont", "Times New Roman_MSFontService", serif; font-size: 10pt; font-variant-ligatures: none; line-height: 17.2667px; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; text-decoration-line: underline; user-select: text;" xml:lang="EN-US"><span class="NormalTextRun SCXW4687407 BCX0" data-ccp-charstyle="Hyperlink" style="-webkit-tap-highlight-color: transparent; -webkit-user-drag: none; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; user-select: text;"> https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=C6nAxiym9oc</span></span></a><span class="TextRun SCXW4687407 BCX0" data-contrast="none" lang="EN-US" style="-webkit-tap-highlight-color: transparent; -webkit-user-drag: none; font-family: "Times New Roman", "Times New Roman_EmbeddedFont", "Times New Roman_MSFontService", serif; font-size: 10pt; font-variant-ligatures: none; line-height: 17.2667px; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; user-select: text;" xml:lang="EN-US">. Accessed 1 Dec. 2022. </span><span class="EOP SCXW4687407 BCX0" data-ccp-props="{"201341983":0,"335559685":560,"335559739":160,"335559740":259,"335559991":560}" style="-webkit-tap-highlight-color: transparent; -webkit-user-drag: none; font-family: "Times New Roman", "Times New Roman_EmbeddedFont", "Times New Roman_MSFontService", serif; font-size: 10pt; line-height: 17.2667px; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; user-select: text;"> </span></p></div><div class="OutlineElement Ltr SCXW4687407 BCX0" style="-webkit-tap-highlight-color: transparent; -webkit-user-drag: none; clear: both; cursor: text; direction: ltr; margin: 0px; overflow: visible; padding: 0px; position: relative; user-select: text;"><p class="Paragraph SCXW4687407 BCX0" paraeid="{a0670acb-9234-4138-9818-23f42dd93f38}{198}" paraid="1366331635" style="-webkit-tap-highlight-color: transparent; -webkit-user-drag: none; background-color: transparent; color: windowtext; font-kerning: none; margin: 0px 0px 0px 37px; overflow-wrap: break-word; padding: 0px; text-indent: -37px; user-select: text; vertical-align: baseline; white-space: pre-wrap;"><span class="TextRun SCXW4687407 BCX0" data-contrast="none" lang="EN-US" style="-webkit-tap-highlight-color: transparent; -webkit-user-drag: none; font-family: "Times New Roman", "Times New Roman_EmbeddedFont", "Times New Roman_MSFontService", serif; font-size: 10pt; font-variant-ligatures: none; line-height: 17.2667px; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; user-select: text;" xml:lang="EN-US"><span class="NormalTextRun SCXW4687407 BCX0" style="-webkit-tap-highlight-color: transparent; -webkit-user-drag: none; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; user-select: text;">DesJardins</span><span class="NormalTextRun SCXW4687407 BCX0" style="-webkit-tap-highlight-color: transparent; -webkit-user-drag: none; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; user-select: text;">, Joseph. An Introduction to Business Ethics. New York City: The McGraw-Hill Companies Inc, 2014. </span></span><span class="EOP SCXW4687407 BCX0" data-ccp-props="{"201341983":0,"335559685":560,"335559739":160,"335559740":259,"335559991":560}" style="-webkit-tap-highlight-color: transparent; -webkit-user-drag: none; font-family: "Times New Roman", "Times New Roman_EmbeddedFont", "Times New Roman_MSFontService", serif; font-size: 10pt; line-height: 17.2667px; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; user-select: text;"> </span></p></div><div class="OutlineElement Ltr SCXW4687407 BCX0" style="-webkit-tap-highlight-color: transparent; -webkit-user-drag: none; clear: both; cursor: text; direction: ltr; margin: 0px; overflow: visible; padding: 0px; position: relative; user-select: text;"><p class="Paragraph SCXW4687407 BCX0" paraeid="{a0670acb-9234-4138-9818-23f42dd93f38}{207}" paraid="280354249" style="-webkit-tap-highlight-color: transparent; -webkit-user-drag: none; background-color: transparent; color: windowtext; font-kerning: none; margin: 0px; overflow-wrap: break-word; padding: 0px; user-select: text; vertical-align: baseline; white-space: pre-wrap;"><span class="TextRun SCXW4687407 BCX0" data-contrast="none" lang="EN-US" style="-webkit-tap-highlight-color: transparent; -webkit-user-drag: none; font-family: "Times New Roman", "Times New Roman_EmbeddedFont", "Times New Roman_MSFontService", serif; font-size: 10pt; font-variant-ligatures: none; line-height: 17.2667px; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; user-select: text;" xml:lang="EN-US">Salazar, Heather. The Business Ethics Case Manual. N.d. </span><span class="EOP SCXW4687407 BCX0" data-ccp-props="{"201341983":0,"335559739":160,"335559740":259}" style="-webkit-tap-highlight-color: transparent; -webkit-user-drag: none; font-family: "Times New Roman", "Times New Roman_EmbeddedFont", "Times New Roman_MSFontService", serif; font-size: 10pt; line-height: 17.2667px; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; user-select: text;"> </span></p></div><div class="OutlineElement Ltr SCXW4687407 BCX0" style="-webkit-tap-highlight-color: transparent; -webkit-user-drag: none; clear: both; cursor: text; direction: ltr; margin: 0px; overflow: visible; padding: 0px; position: relative; user-select: text;"><p class="Paragraph SCXW4687407 BCX0" paraeid="{a0670acb-9234-4138-9818-23f42dd93f38}{214}" paraid="797692168" style="-webkit-tap-highlight-color: transparent; -webkit-user-drag: none; background-color: transparent; color: windowtext; font-kerning: none; margin: 0px 0px 0px 37px; overflow-wrap: break-word; padding: 0px; text-indent: -37px; user-select: text; vertical-align: baseline; white-space: pre-wrap;"><span class="TextRun SCXW4687407 BCX0" data-contrast="none" lang="EN-US" style="-webkit-tap-highlight-color: transparent; -webkit-user-drag: none; font-family: "Times New Roman", "Times New Roman_EmbeddedFont", "Times New Roman_MSFontService", serif; font-size: 10pt; font-variant-ligatures: none; line-height: 17.2667px; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; user-select: text;" xml:lang="EN-US">Tortorelli, Paige, and Kate Rooney. “Sam Bankman-Fried's Alameda Quietly Used FTX Customer Funds for Trading, Say Sources.” </span><span class="TextRun SCXW4687407 BCX0" data-contrast="none" lang="EN-US" style="-webkit-tap-highlight-color: transparent; -webkit-user-drag: none; font-family: "Times New Roman", "Times New Roman_EmbeddedFont", "Times New Roman_MSFontService", serif; font-size: 10pt; font-style: italic; font-variant-ligatures: none; line-height: 17.2667px; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; user-select: text;" xml:lang="EN-US">CNBC</span><span class="TextRun SCXW4687407 BCX0" data-contrast="none" lang="EN-US" style="-webkit-tap-highlight-color: transparent; -webkit-user-drag: none; font-family: "Times New Roman", "Times New Roman_EmbeddedFont", "Times New Roman_MSFontService", serif; font-size: 10pt; font-variant-ligatures: none; line-height: 17.2667px; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; user-select: text;" xml:lang="EN-US">, CNBC, 14 Nov. 2022,</span><a class="Hyperlink SCXW4687407 BCX0" href="https://www.cnbc.com/2022/11/13/sam-bankman-frieds-alameda-quietly-used-ftx-customer-funds-without-raising-alarm-bells-say-sources.html" rel="noreferrer noopener" style="-webkit-tap-highlight-color: transparent; -webkit-user-drag: none; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; text-decoration-line: none; user-select: text;" target="_blank"><span class="TextRun Underlined SCXW4687407 BCX0" data-contrast="none" lang="EN-US" style="-webkit-tap-highlight-color: transparent; -webkit-user-drag: none; color: #0563c1; font-family: "Times New Roman", "Times New Roman_EmbeddedFont", "Times New Roman_MSFontService", serif; font-size: 10pt; font-variant-ligatures: none; line-height: 17.2667px; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; text-decoration-line: underline; user-select: text;" xml:lang="EN-US"><span class="NormalTextRun SCXW4687407 BCX0" data-ccp-charstyle="Hyperlink" style="-webkit-tap-highlight-color: transparent; -webkit-user-drag: none; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; user-select: text;"> https://www.cnbc.com/2022/11/13/sam-bankman-frieds-alameda-quietly-used-ftx-customer-funds-without-raising-alarm-bells-say-sources.html</span></span></a><span class="TextRun SCXW4687407 BCX0" data-contrast="none" lang="EN-US" style="-webkit-tap-highlight-color: transparent; -webkit-user-drag: none; font-family: "Times New Roman", "Times New Roman_EmbeddedFont", "Times New Roman_MSFontService", serif; font-size: 10pt; font-variant-ligatures: none; line-height: 17.2667px; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; user-select: text;" xml:lang="EN-US">. </span><span class="EOP SCXW4687407 BCX0" data-ccp-props="{"201341983":0,"335559685":560,"335559739":160,"335559740":259,"335559991":560}" style="-webkit-tap-highlight-color: transparent; -webkit-user-drag: none; font-family: "Times New Roman", "Times New Roman_EmbeddedFont", "Times New Roman_MSFontService", serif; font-size: 10pt; line-height: 17.2667px; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; user-select: text;"> </span></p></div><div class="OutlineElement Ltr SCXW4687407 BCX0" style="-webkit-tap-highlight-color: transparent; -webkit-user-drag: none; clear: both; cursor: text; direction: ltr; margin: 0px; overflow: visible; padding: 0px; position: relative; user-select: text;"><p class="Paragraph SCXW4687407 BCX0" paraeid="{a0670acb-9234-4138-9818-23f42dd93f38}{223}" paraid="668407982" style="-webkit-tap-highlight-color: transparent; -webkit-user-drag: none; background-color: transparent; color: windowtext; font-kerning: none; margin: 0px 0px 0px 37px; overflow-wrap: break-word; padding: 0px; text-indent: -37px; user-select: text; vertical-align: baseline; white-space: pre-wrap;"><span class="TextRun SCXW4687407 BCX0" data-contrast="none" lang="EN-US" style="-webkit-tap-highlight-color: transparent; -webkit-user-drag: none; font-family: "Times New Roman", "Times New Roman_EmbeddedFont", "Times New Roman_MSFontService", serif; font-size: 10pt; font-variant-ligatures: none; line-height: 17.2667px; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; user-select: text;" xml:lang="EN-US">Kaplan, M. (2022, December 6). </span><span class="TextRun SCXW4687407 BCX0" data-contrast="none" lang="EN-US" style="-webkit-tap-highlight-color: transparent; -webkit-user-drag: none; font-family: "Times New Roman", "Times New Roman_EmbeddedFont", "Times New Roman_MSFontService", serif; font-size: 10pt; font-style: italic; font-variant-ligatures: none; line-height: 17.2667px; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; user-select: text;" xml:lang="EN-US"><span class="NormalTextRun SCXW4687407 BCX0" style="-webkit-tap-highlight-color: transparent; -webkit-user-drag: none; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; user-select: text;">'</span><span class="NormalTextRun SCXW4687407 BCX0" style="-webkit-tap-highlight-color: transparent; -webkit-user-drag: none; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; user-select: text;">call</span><span class="NormalTextRun SCXW4687407 BCX0" style="-webkit-tap-highlight-color: transparent; -webkit-user-drag: none; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; user-select: text;"> him Sam Bankman Fraud': FTX investors who lost up to $2m lash out</span></span><span class="TextRun SCXW4687407 BCX0" data-contrast="none" lang="EN-US" style="-webkit-tap-highlight-color: transparent; -webkit-user-drag: none; font-family: "Times New Roman", "Times New Roman_EmbeddedFont", "Times New Roman_MSFontService", serif; font-size: 10pt; font-variant-ligatures: none; line-height: 17.2667px; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; user-select: text;" xml:lang="EN-US">. New York Post. Retrieved December 10, 2022, from</span><a class="Hyperlink SCXW4687407 BCX0" href="https://nypost.com/2022/12/06/ftx-investors-who-lost-up-to-2m-lash-out-at-sam-bankman-fried/" rel="noreferrer noopener" style="-webkit-tap-highlight-color: transparent; -webkit-user-drag: none; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; text-decoration-line: none; user-select: text;" target="_blank"><span class="TextRun Underlined SCXW4687407 BCX0" data-contrast="none" lang="EN-US" style="-webkit-tap-highlight-color: transparent; -webkit-user-drag: none; color: #0563c1; font-family: "Times New Roman", "Times New Roman_EmbeddedFont", "Times New Roman_MSFontService", serif; font-size: 10pt; font-variant-ligatures: none; line-height: 17.2667px; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; text-decoration-line: underline; user-select: text;" xml:lang="EN-US"><span class="NormalTextRun SCXW4687407 BCX0" data-ccp-charstyle="Hyperlink" style="-webkit-tap-highlight-color: transparent; -webkit-user-drag: none; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; user-select: text;"> https://nypost.com/2022/12/06/ftx-investors-who-lost-up-to-2m-lash-out-at-sam-bankman-fried/</span></span></a><span class="TextRun SCXW4687407 BCX0" data-contrast="none" lang="EN-US" style="-webkit-tap-highlight-color: transparent; -webkit-user-drag: none; font-family: "Times New Roman", "Times New Roman_EmbeddedFont", "Times New Roman_MSFontService", serif; font-size: 10pt; font-variant-ligatures: none; line-height: 17.2667px; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; user-select: text;" xml:lang="EN-US"> </span><span class="EOP SCXW4687407 BCX0" data-ccp-props="{"201341983":0,"335559685":560,"335559739":160,"335559740":259,"335559991":560}" style="-webkit-tap-highlight-color: transparent; -webkit-user-drag: none; font-family: "Times New Roman", "Times New Roman_EmbeddedFont", "Times New Roman_MSFontService", serif; font-size: 10pt; line-height: 17.2667px; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; user-select: text;"> </span></p></div><div class="OutlineElement Ltr SCXW4687407 BCX0" style="-webkit-tap-highlight-color: transparent; -webkit-user-drag: none; clear: both; cursor: text; direction: ltr; margin: 0px; overflow: visible; padding: 0px; position: relative; user-select: text;"><p class="Paragraph SCXW4687407 BCX0" paraeid="{a0670acb-9234-4138-9818-23f42dd93f38}{232}" paraid="644267226" style="-webkit-tap-highlight-color: transparent; -webkit-user-drag: none; background-color: transparent; color: windowtext; font-kerning: none; margin: 0px 0px 0px 37px; overflow-wrap: break-word; padding: 0px; text-indent: -37px; user-select: text; vertical-align: baseline; white-space: pre-wrap;"><span class="TextRun SCXW4687407 BCX0" data-contrast="none" lang="EN-US" style="-webkit-tap-highlight-color: transparent; -webkit-user-drag: none; font-family: "Times New Roman", "Times New Roman_EmbeddedFont", "Times New Roman_MSFontService", serif; font-size: 10pt; font-variant-ligatures: none; line-height: 17.2667px; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; user-select: text;" xml:lang="EN-US"><span class="NormalTextRun SCXW4687407 BCX0" style="-webkit-tap-highlight-color: transparent; -webkit-user-drag: none; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; user-select: text;"> </span><span class="NormalTextRun SCXW4687407 BCX0" style="-webkit-tap-highlight-color: transparent; -webkit-user-drag: none; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; user-select: text;">Rogoswami</span><span class="NormalTextRun SCXW4687407 BCX0" style="-webkit-tap-highlight-color: transparent; -webkit-user-drag: none; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; user-select: text;">, R., & </span><span class="NormalTextRun SCXW4687407 BCX0" style="-webkit-tap-highlight-color: transparent; -webkit-user-drag: none; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; user-select: text;">Sigalos</span><span class="NormalTextRun SCXW4687407 BCX0" style="-webkit-tap-highlight-color: transparent; -webkit-user-drag: none; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; user-select: text;">, M. K. (2022, November 30). </span></span><span class="TextRun SCXW4687407 BCX0" data-contrast="none" lang="EN-US" style="-webkit-tap-highlight-color: transparent; -webkit-user-drag: none; font-family: "Times New Roman", "Times New Roman_EmbeddedFont", "Times New Roman_MSFontService", serif; font-size: 10pt; font-style: italic; font-variant-ligatures: none; line-height: 17.2667px; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; user-select: text;" xml:lang="EN-US"><span class="NormalTextRun SCXW4687407 BCX0" style="-webkit-tap-highlight-color: transparent; -webkit-user-drag: none; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; user-select: text;">In </span><span class="NormalTextRun SCXW4687407 BCX0" style="-webkit-tap-highlight-color: transparent; -webkit-user-drag: none; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; user-select: text;">defensive</span><span class="NormalTextRun SCXW4687407 BCX0" style="-webkit-tap-highlight-color: transparent; -webkit-user-drag: none; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; user-select: text;"> interview, Sam Bankman-fried claims </span><span class="NormalTextRun SCXW4687407 BCX0" style="-webkit-tap-highlight-color: transparent; -webkit-user-drag: none; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; user-select: text;">he's</span><span class="NormalTextRun SCXW4687407 BCX0" style="-webkit-tap-highlight-color: transparent; -webkit-user-drag: none; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; user-select: text;"> broke and committed no fraud</span></span><span class="TextRun SCXW4687407 BCX0" data-contrast="none" lang="EN-US" style="-webkit-tap-highlight-color: transparent; -webkit-user-drag: none; font-family: "Times New Roman", "Times New Roman_EmbeddedFont", "Times New Roman_MSFontService", serif; font-size: 10pt; font-variant-ligatures: none; line-height: 17.2667px; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; user-select: text;" xml:lang="EN-US">. CNBC. Retrieved December 10, 2022, from</span><a class="Hyperlink SCXW4687407 BCX0" href="https://www.cnbc.com/2022/11/30/former-ftx-ceo-sam-bankman-fried-says-i-didnt-ever-try-to-commit-fraud.html" rel="noreferrer noopener" style="-webkit-tap-highlight-color: transparent; -webkit-user-drag: none; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; text-decoration-line: none; user-select: text;" target="_blank"><span class="TextRun Underlined SCXW4687407 BCX0" data-contrast="none" lang="EN-US" style="-webkit-tap-highlight-color: transparent; -webkit-user-drag: none; color: #0563c1; font-family: "Times New Roman", "Times New Roman_EmbeddedFont", "Times New Roman_MSFontService", serif; font-size: 10pt; font-variant-ligatures: none; line-height: 17.2667px; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; text-decoration-line: underline; user-select: text;" xml:lang="EN-US"><span class="NormalTextRun SCXW4687407 BCX0" data-ccp-charstyle="Hyperlink" style="-webkit-tap-highlight-color: transparent; -webkit-user-drag: none; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; user-select: text;"> https://www.cnbc.com/2022/11/30/former-ftx-ceo-sam-bankman-fried-says-i-didnt-ever-try-to-commit-fraud.html</span></span></a><span class="TextRun SCXW4687407 BCX0" data-contrast="none" lang="EN-US" style="-webkit-tap-highlight-color: transparent; -webkit-user-drag: none; font-family: "Times New Roman", "Times New Roman_EmbeddedFont", "Times New Roman_MSFontService", serif; font-size: 10pt; font-variant-ligatures: none; line-height: 17.2667px; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; user-select: text;" xml:lang="EN-US"> </span><span class="EOP SCXW4687407 BCX0" data-ccp-props="{"201341983":0,"335559685":560,"335559739":160,"335559740":259,"335559991":560}" style="-webkit-tap-highlight-color: transparent; -webkit-user-drag: none; font-family: "Times New Roman", "Times New Roman_EmbeddedFont", "Times New Roman_MSFontService", serif; font-size: 10pt; line-height: 17.2667px; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; user-select: text;"> </span></p></div><div class="OutlineElement Ltr SCXW4687407 BCX0" style="-webkit-tap-highlight-color: transparent; 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-webkit-user-drag: none; font-size: 11pt; line-height: 19.425px; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; user-select: text;"> </span></p><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"><br /></div><br /><br /><p></p></div></div></span>Ian Pahlhttp://www.blogger.com/profile/06636651242963637836noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-3346515991378239658.post-47663890440004492942022-12-03T13:50:00.019-08:002022-12-07T17:44:35.925-08:00Truth Social: Unethical Financial Business Decision (2021-2022)<p align="center" class="MsoNormal" style="font-family: "Times New Roman", serif; margin: 0in; text-align: center;"><span style="font-family: Times;"><span style="font-size: large;">Truth Social: Unethical Financial Business Decisions (2021-2022)</span><o:p></o:p></span></p><h2 style="break-after: avoid; color: #2f5496; font-family: "Calibri Light", sans-serif; font-size: 13pt; font-weight: normal; margin: 2pt 0in 0in;">ABSTRACT <o:p></o:p></h2><p class="MsoNormal" style="font-family: "Times New Roman", serif; margin: 0in; text-indent: 0.5in;"><span style="font-family: Times;">Truths Social is newly developed social media platform by our very own former president, Donald Trump. Donald Trump created this social media app to circumvent his ban by tech giants such as Twitter for inciting and encouraging violence on January 6<sup>th</sup> which led to the riots of the capital. As a new uncensored alternative to Twitter and Facebook, this company </span><span style="font-family: Times;">already faces legal concerns following unethical business practices. This company has reportedly broken securities laws with the SEC as well as whistleblowing accusations. This media company also faces allegations of not paying its host company for its services. Despite this company’s rough start, this right-wing social media platform is still more popular than most. </span></p><p class="MsoNormal" style="font-family: "Times New Roman", serif; margin: 0in; text-indent: 0.5in;"><span style="font-family: Times;"><br /></span></p><p class="MsoNormal" style="font-family: "Times New Roman", serif; margin: 0in; text-indent: 0.5in;"></p><p class="MsoNormal" style="font-family: "Times New Roman", serif; margin: 0in; text-indent: 0.5in;"><table align="center" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="tr-caption-container" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><tbody><tr><td style="text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEhdXH1IH4w6vpb9mGrd5Avo1SxmqZ_YolQcMQYmXPeGbSSB-N3mLqxyRttIUlBytaSJMjg5LB2wXwzWQrShmKTXNV_vM1u-LoAtVVz95iP9vfYYUpdsmP8XFvneq5gfS2HR-yrj-lLOOsQrruv10cjv9vvmx36OUOgi5Q__l8oEAFkKOz1BRL5uNega/s813/donald%20trumps%20first%20post.jpeg" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><img border="0" data-original-height="813" data-original-width="668" height="320" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEhdXH1IH4w6vpb9mGrd5Avo1SxmqZ_YolQcMQYmXPeGbSSB-N3mLqxyRttIUlBytaSJMjg5LB2wXwzWQrShmKTXNV_vM1u-LoAtVVz95iP9vfYYUpdsmP8XFvneq5gfS2HR-yrj-lLOOsQrruv10cjv9vvmx36OUOgi5Q__l8oEAFkKOz1BRL5uNega/s320/donald%20trumps%20first%20post.jpeg" width="263" /></a></td></tr><tr><td class="tr-caption" style="text-align: center;">Donald Trump's First Post</td></tr></tbody></table><br /><span style="font-family: Times;"><br /></span></p><p class="MsoNormal" style="font-family: "Times New Roman", serif; margin: 0in;"><span style="font-family: Times;"> </span><span style="font-family: Times;">Ethical theories would be used analyze Truth Social’s actions as it becomes a new rising </span><span style="font-family: Times;">social media platform. Individualists theorize that the only goal of business is to profit so the only obligation that the person has is to maximize profit for the owner or the stockholders within the law. An individualist would not approve of Devin Nunes actions acting as CEO of this company. They would hold this individual responsible for making profits outside the boundaries of the law. Utilitarian’s require that people maximize happiness in themselves as well as others. Individuals say they were happy for having an uncensored alternative so they can speak there mind, but even then there are reports of Truth Social suppressing content. Kantians on the other hand analyze individuals ethically on a whole other platform. Kantians judge individuals based on there actions, and what motivations fall behind each one. A Kantian would assess Co-founder Andy Litinsky in a different light. Andy Litinsky would be frowned upon for firing an individual for refusing to hand over some of his shares to the former First Lady, Melania Trump. As far as Virtue Theory is being applied it would cite moments of greed, disrespect, and selfishness. </span></p><h2 style="break-after: avoid; color: #2f5496; font-family: "Calibri Light", sans-serif; font-size: 13pt; font-weight: normal; margin: 2pt 0in 0in;">Company Background <o:p></o:p></h2><p class="MsoNormal" style="font-family: "Times New Roman", serif; margin: 0in; text-indent: 0.5in;"><span style="font-family: Times;">Truth Social, a social media platform based out of Florida, was created by Trump Media & Technology </span><span style="font-family: Times;">to circumvent Donald Trump’s ban by tech giants. TRUTH Social bases its platform from Mastodon which has a unique set up similar to Twitter. Mastodon mandates that anyone who uses its code make modifications publicly available. Furthermore, TRUTH Social appeared to have violated those terms by building on Mastodon by keeping its work quiet. Last October, the code’s creator demanded TRUTH to comply with the terms of the open-source license. In February 2022, Trump made the platforms first post. During the first week, the app was installed 872,000 times. Although a month later the user signup fell to 60,000 per week. </span><span style="font-family: Times;">Weekly visits fell form 6 million to 2 million during the same time frame. </span></p><p class="MsoNormal" style="font-family: "Times New Roman", serif; margin: 0in;"><span style="font-family: Times;"></span></p><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEiFcvSBDn9HjL0OV8vkY1BDQvi1XoYYrt3_stD-WzX9vbdGmx9RT8QLTsh-XhXW2Jqe5AV5zij5rpA5FZO-pXP-beWt7xkRyJHurA7Iydi299VsiMva1krFAE6v2_G5HTUf4IuRuVCSUw7dr4Yl3uluGsvIWmJHVAk4A67wKZBJ05GdejiD57GusgWD/s2000/October%202022.jpg" style="clear: left; float: left; margin-bottom: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img border="0" data-original-height="2000" data-original-width="800" height="592" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEiFcvSBDn9HjL0OV8vkY1BDQvi1XoYYrt3_stD-WzX9vbdGmx9RT8QLTsh-XhXW2Jqe5AV5zij5rpA5FZO-pXP-beWt7xkRyJHurA7Iydi299VsiMva1krFAE6v2_G5HTUf4IuRuVCSUw7dr4Yl3uluGsvIWmJHVAk4A67wKZBJ05GdejiD57GusgWD/w290-h592/October%202022.jpg" width="290" /></a></div><p></p><p class="MsoNormal" style="font-family: "Times New Roman", serif; margin: 0in; text-indent: 0.5in;"><span style="font-family: Times;">Trump Media and Technology Group in April 2022 announced Truth Social would be moving to Rumble's cloud platform and announced they would be performing infrastructure upgrades to increase the platform's performance. The Truth Social service was originally hosted </span><span class="apple-converted-space"><span style="color: #202122; font-family: Times;"> </span></span><span style="font-family: Times;">RightForge, a company aimed at providing internet hosting for conservative causes Shortly after moving platform services, RightForge claims that Truth Social owes them 1.6 million and was threatening to take legal action against them. These financial problems eventually lead to rising suspicions within the company and catch the attention of federal regulators from the SEC in June 2022. Trump Media and Technology Group, has its hopes pinned on a deal announced a year ago with Digital World Acquisition, a special purpose acquisition company that raised $300 million in an initial public offering of stock. The company later secured commitments from three dozen hedge funds to provide an additional $1 billion in financing upon the completion of the merger. Investigations by federal prosecutors and securities regulators could force Digital World to liquidate itself in early December and return to shareholders the money raised in its IPO, derailing the merger. Digital World has struggled to get its shareholders to approve a measure to complete the merger with Trump Media.</span><span style="font-family: Times;"><o:p></o:p></span></p><h2 style="break-after: avoid; color: #2f5496; font-family: "Calibri Light", sans-serif; font-size: 13pt; font-weight: normal; margin: 2pt 0in 0in;"><br /></h2><h2 style="break-after: avoid; color: #2f5496; font-family: "Calibri Light", sans-serif; font-size: 13pt; font-weight: normal; margin: 2pt 0in 0in;"><br /></h2><h2 style="break-after: avoid; color: #2f5496; font-family: "Calibri Light", sans-serif; font-size: 13pt; font-weight: normal; margin: 2pt 0in 0in;"><br /></h2><h2 style="break-after: avoid; color: #2f5496; font-family: "Calibri Light", sans-serif; font-size: 13pt; font-weight: normal; margin: 2pt 0in 0in;"><br /></h2><h2 style="break-after: avoid; color: #2f5496; font-family: "Calibri Light", sans-serif; font-size: 13pt; font-weight: normal; margin: 2pt 0in 0in;"><br /></h2><h2 style="break-after: avoid; color: #2f5496; font-family: "Calibri Light", sans-serif; font-size: 13pt; font-weight: normal; margin: 2pt 0in 0in;"><br /></h2><h2 style="break-after: avoid; color: #2f5496; font-family: "Calibri Light", sans-serif; font-size: 13pt; font-weight: normal; margin: 2pt 0in 0in;"><br /></h2><h2 style="break-after: avoid; color: #2f5496; font-family: "Calibri Light", sans-serif; font-size: 13pt; font-weight: normal; margin: 2pt 0in 0in;">Case Controversy <o:p></o:p></h2><p class="MsoNormal" style="font-family: "Times New Roman", serif; margin: 0in;"><span style="font-family: Times;"> Truth Social faces many ethical problems across the board as a social media company. This social media platform created by Trump Media & Technology Group was intended to be a platform where anyone can peacefully speak their mind and not have to worry about having their content suppressed for any reason. On the other hand, there are reports of users having there content banned and there personal profiles deleted. Stew Peters, a right wing media personality, claims that his very own post has been censored as well. Peters mentions "I'm ALREADY being censored on Truth Social, …Free Speech isn't free”(Binder 15). Peter’s feels that even a platform that preaches free speech, it will never be free. Even though what Peters posted on Truth Social may be considered violent, it is still not relevant to the matter at hand. Those who use the social media as well as Trump’s supporters use this very platform as a way to escape. <o:p></o:p></span></p><table align="center" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="tr-caption-container" style="float: left; margin-right: 1em; text-align: left;"><tbody><tr><td style="text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEie95nT-9sOByHyC5L1M2H4IqE9y0If0z1V9-8lDUwuiblmb1KpyGkljyLazCFk6skg2vi3yDoASgaWVeUhb22GCck9yPxziFjLNhjQHgOjnou24rL3_--b6FTgaGRXlC9_pqGgCYJ-8v-ii_4jZiNR6kOM-fyoH-8JbUpDadw4STt9k5bJywAiSQj8/s95/Andy.jpeg" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><img border="0" data-original-height="88" data-original-width="95" height="298" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEie95nT-9sOByHyC5L1M2H4IqE9y0If0z1V9-8lDUwuiblmb1KpyGkljyLazCFk6skg2vi3yDoASgaWVeUhb22GCck9yPxziFjLNhjQHgOjnou24rL3_--b6FTgaGRXlC9_pqGgCYJ-8v-ii_4jZiNR6kOM-fyoH-8JbUpDadw4STt9k5bJywAiSQj8/w320-h298/Andy.jpeg" width="320" /></a></td></tr><tr><td class="tr-caption" style="text-align: center;">Andy Litinsky, Former Employee <br />of Truth Social</td></tr></tbody></table><br /><div style="text-align: center;"><br /></div><p class="MsoNormal" style="font-family: "Times New Roman", serif; margin: 0in;"><span style="font-family: Times;"> This company is also undergoing investigations for unethical legal practices in the workplace. As of August 2022, a whistleblower submission was made by Will Wilkerson, the senior vice president of operations. He made his submission to the securities and exchange commission with original source information of alleged federal securities law violations, detailing fraudulent misrepresentations in violation of federal securities laws. He backed his complaint with an abundance of emails, documents, messages and audio recordings which detail a pattern of infighting, technical incompetence, and power struggles inside Trump Media since </span><o:p></o:p></p><p class="MsoNormal" style="font-family: "Times New Roman", serif; margin: 0in;"><span style="font-family: Times;">its launch last year. Among the emails is an exchange between Wilkerson and fellow co-founder Andy Litinsky, who was allegedly fired as payback for refusing to hand over some of his shares, worth millions of dollars, to former first lady Melania Trump. Trump had already been given 90% of the company’s shares in exchange for the use of his name and some minor involvement.<o:p></o:p></span></p><p class="MsoNormal" style="font-family: "Times New Roman", serif; margin: 0in;"><span style="font-family: Times;"> </span><span style="font-family: Times;">This problem stems back to when Litinsky was a former competitor on trump’s NBC reality show, The Apprentice. He reports that trump at that time spent two months demanding he give the ex-First Lady equity. Latinsky says</span><span class="apple-converted-space"><span style="background-color: white; font-family: Times; letter-spacing: -0.1pt;"> </span></span><span style="background-color: white; font-family: Times; letter-spacing: -0.1pt;">“As I have informed [President Trump] several times, I have earned that equity, and also 'gifting' equity to Melania Trump would be a taxable event of which I can't afford to pay the taxes” (Lepore 10). </span><span style="font-family: Times;"><o:p></o:p></span></p><p class="MsoNormal" style="font-family: "Times New Roman", serif; margin: 0in;"><span style="font-family: Times;"> This company is also put under the spotlight for its Data Privacy policy. Trump Media and Technology group has mentioned that they will be making routine data collections about the user. The type of data that they will be collecting is that of the users browsing history, contact information and any pictures or videos they post. The other information they will be gathering in the data collection also includes “non-identifiable data”. This data analyzes the usage patterns and the personalization of the users. Nonetheless, this could only mean one thing. The former president will use this position not only to learn about users’ opinions and behaviors, but also to target them with personalized political messaging. <o:p></o:p></span></p><p class="MsoNormal" style="font-family: "Times New Roman", serif; margin: 0in;"><span style="font-family: Times;"> </span></p><h2 style="break-after: avoid; color: #2f5496; font-family: "Calibri Light", sans-serif; font-size: 13pt; font-weight: normal; margin: 2pt 0in 0in;">Stakeholders<o:p></o:p></h2><p class="MsoNormal" style="font-family: "Times New Roman", serif; margin: 0in;"><span style="font-family: Times;"> The future of Truth Social is solely based on the relationship and status they share with their stakeholders. The stakeholders within this case are the Trump Media & Technology Group, Digital World Acquisition, as well as the upper management. Many of the parties involved are effected in there own way. Trump Media & Technology group are affected simply for the fact that if this platform does not work out they may not get a shot at building a platform like this again. If the public does not agree with the terms as well as enjoy the environment that they create on this app, they will lose weekly visits and the use of this app will slowly decline. Another stakeholder within this is Digital World Acquisition. Data World Acquisition is essentially a blank check company looking to make Trump Media & Technology a publicly traded company. If there are issues with senior management and financials, this company is not going to want to partner with a problematic company. The other Stakeholder within this company are the upper management. If individuals see that there is no fair treatment within the work place as well as see that there own financials will be controlled there is going to be no one willing to work in an environment as such. <o:p></o:p></span></p><h2 style="break-after: avoid; color: #2f5496; font-family: "Calibri Light", sans-serif; font-size: 13pt; font-weight: normal; margin: 2pt 0in 0in;">Individualism<o:p></o:p></h2><p class="MsoNormal" style="font-family: "Times New Roman", serif; margin: 0in; text-indent: 0.5in;"><span style="font-family: Times;">A way individualism can be analyzed is through the eyes of Milton Freedman. Milton Friedman expresses that the only goal of business is to profit so the only obligation that the person has is to maximize profit for the owner or the stockholders within the law. Individualists would say to an extent that the company was in there right to maximize there profits by merging with Digital World Acquisition to become a publicly traded company. People would be able to invest in there social media platform and make it bigger than they possibly thought.<o:p></o:p></span></p><p class="MsoNormal" style="font-family: "Times New Roman", serif; margin: 0in;"><span style="font-family: Times;"> Individualists would also question whether Truth Social was maximizing profits within the law. These companies have initially raised $300 million in an initial public offering of stock. The company later secured commitments from three dozen hedge funds to provide an additional $1 billion in financing upon the completion of the merger between the companies. According to the New York Times, “The S.E.C. investigation has focused on whether there were serious discussions between the leadership of Digital World and Trump Media before the SPAC went public in September and why those talks were not disclosed in regulatory filings” (Goldstein 8). We may not know for sure what was discussed behind closed doors, but if there was anything important discussed they should have been incorporated in fillings made public to the community. This discussion could potentially break securities laws which in the eyes of individualists would be unjust</span><span style="font-family: Times;"><o:p></o:p></span></p><p class="MsoNormal" style="font-family: "Times New Roman", serif; margin: 0in;"><span style="font-family: Times;"> </span></p><h2 style="break-after: avoid; color: #2f5496; font-family: "Calibri Light", sans-serif; font-size: 13pt; font-weight: normal; margin: 2pt 0in 0in;">Utilitarianism<o:p></o:p></h2><p class="MsoNormal" style="font-family: "Times New Roman", serif; margin: 0in;"><span style="font-family: Times;"> </span></p><p class="MsoNormal" style="font-family: "Times New Roman", serif; margin: 0in; text-indent: 0.5in;"><span style="font-family: Times;">From a Utilitarian approach, we seek to maximize our happiness and the happiness of other people. We essentially be analyzing the happiness of stakeholders and those involved with Truth Social. The users of this application report having positive experiences. According to pew research</span><span style="font-family: Times;">, “Truth Social news consumers (58%) say the news they got there helped them better understand current events” (Forman-Katz and Stocking 6). Utilitarian’s would view this in a good light when users seem content with the news they are receiving from this platform. On the other hand, Utilitarian’s would question the user’s happiness when it comes to posting their own content online. Truth Social has limiting rules involving speech on the platform. The terms of service on this platform prohibit any tarnishing or disparage on their platform about any senior member who controls the platform. <o:p></o:p></span></p><p class="MsoNormal" style="font-family: "Times New Roman", serif; margin: 0in; text-indent: 0.5in;"><span style="font-family: Times;">This social media platform created by Trump Media & Technology Group was intended to be a platform where anyone can peacefully speak their mind and not have to worry about having their content suppressed for any reason. Under Utilitarian views this problem would not fulfil the user’s happiness The users specifically use this platform so that they can speak their mind and not have to worry about there content being suppressed. </span><span style="font-family: Times;"><o:p></o:p></span></p><p class="MsoNormal" style="font-family: "Times New Roman", serif; margin: 0in;"><span style="font-family: Times;"> </span></p><p class="MsoNormal" style="font-family: "Times New Roman", serif; margin: 0in;"><span style="font-family: Times;"> </span></p><h2 style="break-after: avoid; color: #2f5496; font-family: "Calibri Light", sans-serif; font-size: 13pt; font-weight: normal; margin: 2pt 0in 0in;">Kantianism <o:p></o:p></h2><p class="MsoNormal" style="font-family: "Times New Roman", serif; margin: 0in;"><span style="font-family: Times;"> </span></p><p class="MsoNormal" style="font-family: "Times New Roman", serif; margin: 0in; text-indent: 0.5in;"><span style="font-family: Times;">The views of Kantianism were developed by Immanuel Kant and focuses on acting rationally and committing acts of good will. There are four components that make up Kantianism and they include acting rationally, allow and help people making rational decisions, respect people and their individual needs and differences, as well as be motivated to do what is right because it is right. One of the main formulations involved in Kantianism is the Categorical Imperative which tests whether actions are permissible or impermissible. This theory as well as formulation will be utilized in the case of the whistleblower accusations.<o:p></o:p></span></p><p class="MsoNormal" style="font-family: "Times New Roman", serif; margin: 0in;"><span style="font-family: Times;"> Will Wilkerson, senior vice president of operations, was sacked for speaking to the Washington post about a whistleblower complaint to the SEC. Wilkerson filed the SEC whistleblower complaint alleging that the company relied on </span><span style="font-family: Times;">“fraudulent misrepresentations … </span><span style="font-family: Times;">in violation of federal securities laws” (Iacurci and Calia 3). Kantians would believe the actions of this individual would be permissible. This individual believed what he was doing was right because it was the right thing to do since the company was conducting business on unlawful grounds. It was also the right thing to do considering a fellow peer of his was being pressured to hand over equity that was not rightfully his. </span></p><table cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="tr-caption-container" style="float: right;"><tbody><tr><td style="text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEg2Lzf-YQWspGVVRgsNSdzJvUJV2XnTAvRLoMe0N5O0xqoVIx8rh3xYw1UC7agZ9Dc7DcxGDyvXoIVsDWFizmfJ6YO8Chv1ovV3RkM88412PBM1Bc2t_5p1gyMHYixyZ5OJqNvUIafB9A_ZpqjTlAW5JHtLUsQiB84uRo8CQZZpg7O_ULJc__j89Ti6/s275/Donald.jpeg" style="clear: right; font-family: -webkit-standard; margin-bottom: 1em; margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto; text-align: center;"><img border="0" data-original-height="183" data-original-width="275" height="183" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEg2Lzf-YQWspGVVRgsNSdzJvUJV2XnTAvRLoMe0N5O0xqoVIx8rh3xYw1UC7agZ9Dc7DcxGDyvXoIVsDWFizmfJ6YO8Chv1ovV3RkM88412PBM1Bc2t_5p1gyMHYixyZ5OJqNvUIafB9A_ZpqjTlAW5JHtLUsQiB84uRo8CQZZpg7O_ULJc__j89Ti6/s1600/Donald.jpeg" width="275" /></a></td></tr><tr><td class="tr-caption" style="text-align: center;">Donald Trump, Chairman of Truth Social</td></tr></tbody></table><p class="MsoNormal" style="font-family: "Times New Roman", serif; margin: 0in;"><span style="font-family: Times;"> From the other point of view Kantians would assess that Trump is not acting rationally. Trump is firing co-founders and employees that started off the company for not complying with what he wants. Trump terminated Andy Latinsky’s role in for refusing to hand over some of his shares, worth millions of dollars, to Melania Trump. Latinsky also mentions that trump is “retaliating against me by threatening to ‘blow up the company’ if his demands are not met”(Lakhani 6). Kantians would assess that Trump’s emotions and actions are not rational because he is not respecting the decisions of his works and is not respecting the needs and differences of his workers.</span><span style="font-family: Times;"><o:p></o:p></span></p><p class="MsoNormal" style="font-family: "Times New Roman", serif; margin: 0in;"><span style="font-family: Times;"> </span></p><h2 style="break-after: avoid; color: #2f5496; font-family: "Calibri Light", sans-serif; font-size: 13pt; font-weight: normal; margin: 2pt 0in 0in;">Virtue Theory <o:p></o:p></h2><div><br /></div><table align="center" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="tr-caption-container" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><tbody><tr><td style="text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEhQuOFaFUfpFK1QBDmXFatlHMnM_a7A00e7Eq1PFbtkLw10OKdvENt2QTWpaCaUZc8qscN0NcwpgmEBuFLtQCp6KmKY-QkdnzB2aTXH6dlyfI8Bpf0Yt1eUmQDONO3tMM0WVxSzQxTlp38FMcO3rklBYRyrf6i8c3OKHwh4AXYZV-qjUee9xEOdEm8D/s300/Devin.jpeg" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto; text-align: center;"><img border="0" data-original-height="168" data-original-width="300" height="168" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEhQuOFaFUfpFK1QBDmXFatlHMnM_a7A00e7Eq1PFbtkLw10OKdvENt2QTWpaCaUZc8qscN0NcwpgmEBuFLtQCp6KmKY-QkdnzB2aTXH6dlyfI8Bpf0Yt1eUmQDONO3tMM0WVxSzQxTlp38FMcO3rklBYRyrf6i8c3OKHwh4AXYZV-qjUee9xEOdEm8D/s1600/Devin.jpeg" width="300" /></a></td></tr><tr><td class="tr-caption" style="text-align: center;">Devin Nunes, CEO of TMTG</td></tr></tbody></table><div></div><p class="MsoNormal" style="font-family: "Times New Roman", serif; margin: 0in;"><span style="font-family: Times;"> </span><span style="font-family: Times;">Virtue theory is a theory created by one of the great Greek philosophers, Aristotle. Virtue theory can be defined as the </span>goal not to form virtues that mean we act ethically without thinking, but to form virtues that help us see the world clearly and make better judgments as a result. The four main virtues that this theory focuses on is courage, temperance, honesty, and justice. <o:p></o:p></p><p class="MsoNormal" style="font-family: "Times New Roman", serif; margin: 0in;"> Truth social violated the virtues of honesty and temperance in its time of becoming a new social media platform. During the time of SEC investigations, <span style="font-family: Times;">it has focused on whether there were serious discussions between the leadership of Digital World and Trump Media before the SPAC went public in September and why those talks were not disclosed in regular filings. In this case there is no projection of honesty of what is occurring in the company which should be made public to everyone if it is becoming a publicly traded. </span><o:p></o:p></p><p class="MsoNormal" style="font-family: "Times New Roman", serif; margin: 0in;"><span style="font-family: Times;"> The virtue of temperance was violated on two accounts. The first account that the virtue was violated was when Trump fired Will Wilkerson for talking to the Washington Post. Everyone has the right to free speech and speak their mind. This is similar to the platforms idea of being able to speak their mind clearly and not have to worry about being censored for what they say. These ideals are apparently not the same for the platform as it is in the workplace. The virtue was also broken when Trump threatened Andy Latinsky for not handing over his shares. He proceeded to threaten him by saying he will “blow up” the company. There is no restraint in Trumps action by threatening and forcing Andy’s hand to give over his shares.<o:p></o:p></span></p><p class="MsoNormal" style="font-family: "Times New Roman", serif; margin: 0in;"><span style="font-family: Times;"> </span></p><p class="MsoNormal" style="font-family: "Times New Roman", serif; margin: 0in;"><span style="font-family: Times;"> </span></p><h2 style="break-after: avoid; color: #2f5496; font-family: "Calibri Light", sans-serif; font-size: 13pt; font-weight: normal; margin: 2pt 0in 0in;">Justified Ethics Evaluation<o:p></o:p></h2><p class="MsoNormal" style="font-family: "Times New Roman", serif; margin: 0in;"><span style="font-family: Times;"> In my opinion, actions conducted by Truth Social were very unprofessional as well as unethical. These situations all around could have been handled much better. Leadership in the higher management failed by committing unethical acts that can harm there image as a new platform. Donald Trump along with Devin Nunes specifically had stunted there growth with bad leadership. The company, I thought had a shady way of conducting business. As a new company they fell in debt early by failing to make a payment on time and the receiving end had to threaten with legal. Also while trying to merge with the acquisition group they were conducting shady business by talking behind closed doors which should be made public for numerous reasons. The first reason being that they were getting funding from 3 dozen hedge funds and I ought to think they should know what they are getting into. Secondly, if they are becoming a public traded company they should have an image that portrays they are going to be confidently buying stock in. <o:p></o:p></span></p><p class="MsoNormal" style="font-family: "Times New Roman", serif; margin: 0in;"><span style="font-family: Times;"> Donald Trump also handled whistleblowing accusations poorly because of his unethical business decisions. He fired one of his co-founders for speaking out for unrightful termination. Andy Litinsky who was an employee of Truth Social was fired as payback by Donald Trump. He was terminated for refusing to hand over money that was his by right. Donald Trump is a rich business man as is, a few shares shouldn’t affect his rational thinking. Trump also threatened to “Blow up” the company and throw it away. That is down right selfish and is willing to throw away the enjoyment people get from using this platform. <o:p></o:p></span></p><h2 style="break-after: avoid; color: #2f5496; font-family: "Calibri Light", sans-serif; font-size: 13pt; font-weight: normal; margin: 2pt 0in 0in;"><o:p> </o:p></h2><h2 style="break-after: avoid; color: #2f5496; font-family: "Calibri Light", sans-serif; font-size: 13pt; font-weight: normal; margin: 2pt 0in 0in;">Conclusion<o:p></o:p></h2><p class="MsoNormal" style="font-family: "Times New Roman", serif; margin: 0in;"><span style="font-family: Times;">Many social media company’s hold a greater standard when it comes to leadership and there decision making. On the hand Truth Social failed to do so. There operations and money allocation was very poor. They have also failed to keep there promise as a company of developing a free, uncensored environment. I feel as if they should create a new board with legal advisors that could steer them in a direction where they could becoming a promising stock in the stock exchange. I also feel as if Donald Trump should step away from this company and let a different CEO take over. They should also change there terms of service where they do not track personal information. This also ensures as way to protect peoples free speech by not giving up there identities. <o:p></o:p></span></p><p class="MsoNormal" style="font-family: "Times New Roman", serif; margin: 0in;"><span style="font-family: Times;"> </span></p><p class="MsoNormal" style="font-family: "Times New Roman", serif; margin: 0in;"><span style="font-family: Times;"> </span></p><p class="MsoNormal" style="font-family: "Times New Roman", serif; margin: 0in;"><span style="font-family: Times;"> </span></p><p class="MsoNormal" style="font-family: "Times New Roman", serif; margin: 0in;"><span style="font-family: Times;"> </span></p><p class="MsoNormal" style="font-family: "Times New Roman", serif; margin: 0in;"><span style="font-family: Times;"> </span></p><h2 style="break-after: avoid; color: #2f5496; font-family: "Calibri Light", sans-serif; font-size: 13pt; font-weight: normal; margin: 2pt 0in 0in;">REFERENCES<o:p></o:p></h2><p class="MsoNormal" style="font-family: "Times New Roman", serif; margin: 0in;"><span style="font-family: Times;"> </span></p><p class="MsoNormal" style="font-family: "Times New Roman", serif; margin: 0in;"><span style="font-family: Times;"> </span></p><p style="font-family: "Times New Roman", serif; margin-left: 28.35pt; margin-right: 0in; text-indent: -28.35pt;"><span style="font-size: x-small;">Binder, Matt. “Truth Social Already Censoring Content, Bans User Who Made Fun of Trump Media CEO.”<span class="apple-converted-space"> </span><i>Mashable</i>, Mashable, 24 Feb. 2022, https://mashable.com/article/trump-truth-social-free-speech-bans.<span class="apple-converted-space"> </span><o:p></o:p></span></p><p style="font-family: "Times New Roman", serif; margin-left: 28.35pt; margin-right: 0in; text-indent: -28.35pt;"><span style="font-size: x-small;">Calia, Mike, and Greg Lacurci. “Trump Media Fired Executive Whistleblower after He Spoke to Washington Post, Shared Documents.”<span class="apple-converted-space"> </span><i>CNBC</i>, CNBC, 15 Oct. 2022, https://www.cnbc.com/2022/10/15/trump-media-fired-whistleblower-after-he-spoke-to-washington-post.html.<span class="apple-converted-space"> </span><o:p></o:p></span></p><p style="font-family: "Times New Roman", serif; margin-left: 28.35pt; margin-right: 0in; text-indent: -28.35pt;"><span style="font-size: x-small;">Goldstein, Matthew. “Trump's Social Network Deal Is under Grand Jury Scrutiny.”<span class="apple-converted-space"> </span><i>The New York Times</i>, The New York Times, 27 June 2022, https://www.nytimes.com/2022/06/27/business/trump-truth-social-federal-investigation.html.<span class="apple-converted-space"> </span><o:p></o:p></span></p><p style="font-family: "Times New Roman", serif; margin-left: 28.35pt; margin-right: 0in; text-indent: -28.35pt;"><span style="font-size: x-small;">Lakhani, Nina. “Whistleblower Trump Media Executive Says Firm Violated Federal Securities Laws.”<span class="apple-converted-space"> </span><i>The Guardian</i>, Guardian News and Media, 16 Oct. 2022, https://www.theguardian.com/us-news/2022/oct/16/trump-media-truth-social-whistleblower-sec-complaint.<span class="apple-converted-space"> </span><o:p></o:p></span></p><p style="font-family: "Times New Roman", serif; margin-left: 28.35pt; margin-right: 0in; text-indent: -28.35pt;"><span style="font-size: x-small;">Lepore, Stephen. “Former Truth Social Exec Claims Co-Founder Lost Board Seat for Not Giving Shares to Melania Trump.”<span class="apple-converted-space"> </span><i>Daily Mail Online</i>, Associated Newspapers, 16 Oct. 2022, https://www.dailymail.co.uk/news/article-11320297/Truth-social-executive-says-fired-refusing-Trumps-demand-transfer-shares-Melania.html.<span class="apple-converted-space"> </span></span><o:p></o:p></p><p class="MsoNormal" style="font-family: "Times New Roman", serif; margin: 0in;"><span style="font-family: Times;"> </span></p><br /><p class="MsoNormal" style="font-family: "Times New Roman", serif; margin: 0in;"><o:p> </o:p></p><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"><br /></div><br /><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"><br /></div><br /><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"><br /></div><br /><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"><br /></div><br />Anthony Russohttp://www.blogger.com/profile/11007557361621466507noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-3346515991378239658.post-40477601478621078772022-12-02T21:16:00.007-08:002022-12-15T09:51:14.118-08:00FTX: A Fall From Grace (November 2022)<span id="docs-internal-guid-7e47545e-7fff-98ee-b78c-af0fc358bfad"><p dir="ltr" style="line-height: 1.2; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-top: 0pt;"><span style="color: #0e101a; font-size: 12pt; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-weight: 700; vertical-align: baseline; white-space: pre-wrap;"><span> </span><span> </span><span> </span><span> </span><span> </span><span> </span><span> </span><span> </span><span> </span><span> </span><span> </span><span> </span><span> </span><span> </span><span> </span><span> </span><span> </span><span> </span><span> </span>Abstract</span></p><p dir="ltr" style="line-height: 1.2; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-top: 0pt;"><span style="color: #0e101a; font-size: 12pt; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; vertical-align: baseline; white-space: pre-wrap;"><span> </span>FTX, a cryptocurrency marketplace, was using its own created crypto tokens to fund its sister company Alameda Research, an investment firm. This was discovered on a leaked balance sheet causing the token price to plummet, billions of dollars were lost for customers and shareholders, and mass outrage ensued. According to Utilitarianism, FTX acted unethically as they did not maximize happiness for everyone involved. Individualists would say FTX acted ethically as they attempted to maximize profits for the business owners. Kantianism would show that FTX acted ethically as they did not explicitly attempt to deceive anyone. Virtue Theory shows that FTX was neither ethical nor unethical as they were virtuous in some areas but also unvirtuous in others. I think FTX was unintentionally unethical and that the SEC and DOJ need to regulate the cryptocurrency industry better to prevent something like this in the future. </span></p><p dir="ltr" style="line-height: 1.2; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-top: 0pt;"></p><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEgq_X9HAJ3tZW91z0IhA2pm1hYyeuQkqtMqiRWPQO-AAkcPZeHUdmreOldvJ1qGZUR0Yo8JvQNElsu2ZL2kViDTTB4VKIaUaSn3SyXZs36UF6W-xkt4w_F9QZkwivv8BeesM1qGO5so-E1HgW8kEtTQ14RDEE8lW0D2mF5jBx7F98C9P6PlUhBN98AQ/s1354/FTX_Logo.jpg" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img border="0" data-original-height="711" data-original-width="1354" height="168" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEgq_X9HAJ3tZW91z0IhA2pm1hYyeuQkqtMqiRWPQO-AAkcPZeHUdmreOldvJ1qGZUR0Yo8JvQNElsu2ZL2kViDTTB4VKIaUaSn3SyXZs36UF6W-xkt4w_F9QZkwivv8BeesM1qGO5so-E1HgW8kEtTQ14RDEE8lW0D2mF5jBx7F98C9P6PlUhBN98AQ/s320/FTX_Logo.jpg" width="320" /></a></div><span> </span><span> </span><span> </span><span> </span><span> </span><span> </span><span> </span><span> </span><span> </span><span> </span><span> </span><span> </span><span> </span><span> FTX Logo (Image from PRNewswire.com)</span><br /><span style="color: #0e101a; font-size: 12pt; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; vertical-align: baseline; white-space: pre-wrap;"><br /></span><p></p><p dir="ltr" style="line-height: 1.2; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-top: 0pt;"><span style="color: #0e101a; font-size: 12pt; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; vertical-align: baseline; white-space: pre-wrap;"><br /></span></p><p dir="ltr" style="line-height: 1.2; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-top: 0pt;"><span style="color: #0e101a; font-size: 12pt; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-weight: 700; vertical-align: baseline; white-space: pre-wrap;"><span> </span><span> </span><span> </span><span> </span><span> </span><span> </span><span> </span><span> </span><span> </span><span> </span><span> </span><span> <span> </span><span> </span><span> </span><span> </span></span>Ethics Case Controversy</span></p><p dir="ltr" style="line-height: 1.2; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-top: 0pt;"><span style="color: #0e101a; font-size: 12pt; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; vertical-align: baseline; white-space: pre-wrap;"><span> </span>Ftx is an online digital currency marketplace where people can buy, sell, and trade cryptocurrencies like Ethereum, bitcoin, and sol. Ftx was created in 2019 and quickly became popular due to publicity stunts and strategic acquisitions. Some of these marketing stunts included winning the naming rights to the arena of the Miami Heat, commercials featuring big celebrities such as Tom Brady and Larry David, and sweepstakes with Shaq. </span></p><p dir="ltr" style="line-height: 1.2; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-top: 0pt;"><span style="color: #0e101a; font-size: 12pt; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; vertical-align: baseline; white-space: pre-wrap;"><br /></span></p><p dir="ltr" style="line-height: 1.2; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-top: 0pt;"><span style="color: #0e101a; font-size: 12pt; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; vertical-align: baseline; white-space: pre-wrap;"><span> </span>The founder, Sam Bankman-Fried, also known as SBF, was thought to be a revolutionary, celebrated, and supported by the crypto community, as it looked like he would be making crypto a mainstream industry and not the niche community it had been since its infancy. </span></p><p dir="ltr" style="line-height: 1.2; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-top: 0pt;"><span style="color: #0e101a; font-size: 12pt; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; vertical-align: baseline; white-space: pre-wrap;"><br /></span></p><p dir="ltr" style="line-height: 1.2; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-top: 0pt;"><span style="color: #0e101a; font-size: 12pt; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; vertical-align: baseline; white-space: pre-wrap;"><span> </span>Everything started to crumble for FTX on November 2nd, when Coindesk, a news site focusing on digital currency, posted a balance sheet from the investment firm that Bankman-Fried owned. The report showed, “That balance sheet is full of FTX – specifically, the FTT token issued by the exchange that grants holders a discount on trading fees on its marketplace.” (Coindesk, 2022) This is worrisome because the performance of the investment firm is directly tied to the performance of a made-up coin created by the founder’s other company. </span></p><p dir="ltr" style="line-height: 1.2; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-top: 0pt;"><span style="color: #0e101a; font-size: 12pt; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; vertical-align: baseline; white-space: pre-wrap;"><br /></span></p><p dir="ltr" style="line-height: 1.2; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-top: 0pt;"><span style="color: #0e101a; font-size: 12pt; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; vertical-align: baseline; white-space: pre-wrap;"><span> </span>Four days later, on November 6th rival trading platform Binance announced it would be selling all of its FTT tokens as a result of the findings in the Coindesk article. The price of the FTT token crashed, and customers rushed to withdraw their funds from the FTX platform to avoid losing their money. On November 8th, FTX paused customers withdrawing money. Bankman-Fried said in an interview that he would have to raise 8 million dollars in the upcoming weeks to rectify the situation with account holders. That same day, Changpeng Zhao, founder, and CEO of rival platform Binance, announced that Binance would buy out FTX, essentially bailing out Bankman-Fried and the company. Zhao and Binance quickly backtracked on this announcement later that day. Zhao cited evidence of FTX mismanaging user funds and not correctly reporting its finances as the reason for the deal's breakdown. An article by NBC stated, “blockchain analysts tracked the flow of $400 million of assets out of FTX accounts' ' and “Bankman-Fried appeared to confirm reports that funds had moved between FTX and Alameda.”(NBC, 2022). Since FTX and Alameda’s balance sheets were never reported or audited by anyone, there is an easy way to tell why the funds were moved around like they were or where they ended up. Three days later, on November 11th, Bankman-Fried Stepped down from his CEO position at FTX, and Alameda Research, his investment firm, filed for Chapter 11 bankruptcy. </span></p><p dir="ltr" style="line-height: 1.2; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-top: 0pt;"><span style="color: #0e101a; font-size: 12pt; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; vertical-align: baseline; white-space: pre-wrap;"><br /></span></p><p dir="ltr" style="line-height: 1.2; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-top: 0pt;"><span style="color: #0e101a; font-size: 12pt; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; vertical-align: baseline; white-space: pre-wrap;"><span> </span>As the Securities Exchange Commission and Department of Justice work through their investigations, one of the strangest revelations has been how the executives of FTX and Alameda interacted with one another, especially the relationship between Bankman-Fried and CEO of Alameda Research Caroline Ellison. The New York Post wrote the following, </span></p><p dir="ltr" style="line-height: 1.2; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-top: 0pt;"><span style="color: #0e101a; font-size: 12pt; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; vertical-align: baseline; white-space: pre-wrap;">“Ellison and Bankman-Fried were part of “cabal of roommates'' based in a “luxury penthouse” in the Bahamas that were behind the machinations at FTX and Alameda,’ “Relationships between the group of 10 insiders were not strictly business – members of the inner circle “are, or used to be, paired up in romantic relationships with each other,” (New York Post, 2022). </span></p><p dir="ltr" style="line-height: 1.2; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-top: 0pt;"><span style="color: #0e101a; font-size: 12pt; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; vertical-align: baseline; white-space: pre-wrap;">These two sister companies were run by a group of college friends living together in the Bahamas, interdating one another. If that does not scream collusion, then I do not know what does. </span></p><div><span style="color: #0e101a; font-size: 12pt; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; vertical-align: baseline; white-space: pre-wrap;"><br /></span></div><div><span style="color: #0e101a; font-size: 12pt; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; vertical-align: baseline; white-space: pre-wrap;"><b>Timeline</b></span></div></span><span id="docs-internal-guid-e6d71988-7fff-ffeb-e5d8-6318f1d6aa6b"><span style="color: #0e101a; font-size: 12pt; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; vertical-align: baseline; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"><span id="docs-internal-guid-99f7e439-7fff-9bbe-4e61-4a5edf9a26e5"><div><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEjKOKbCHd14DMT6-MnHSQ2kCtyqQ38ZMrIY4PMqdId8j_an-hRES_Q3FoQszSf7g2oIYUcuqFkydM_g0fF2geacxKTr1su9o07Zanh_BDDq4agqKYPBGdmsVcf0Xi2Knvuwg0EOxUEHY5InN9IQTbRncex6_R4xtLvEnn2C1UawvvPzLVL-9vrjzbn7/s2000/1.png" style="clear: left; float: left; margin-bottom: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img border="0" data-original-height="2000" data-original-width="800" height="549" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEjKOKbCHd14DMT6-MnHSQ2kCtyqQ38ZMrIY4PMqdId8j_an-hRES_Q3FoQszSf7g2oIYUcuqFkydM_g0fF2geacxKTr1su9o07Zanh_BDDq4agqKYPBGdmsVcf0Xi2Knvuwg0EOxUEHY5InN9IQTbRncex6_R4xtLvEnn2C1UawvvPzLVL-9vrjzbn7/w220-h549/1.png" width="220" /></a></div><div><br /></div><div><br /></div><div><br /></div><div><br /></div><div><br /></div><div><br /></div><div><br /></div><div><br /></div><div><br /></div><div><br /></div><div><br /></div><div><br /></div><div><br /></div><div><br /></div><div><br /></div><div><br /></div><div><br /></div><div><br /></div><div><br /></div><div><br /></div><div><br /></div><div><br /></div><div><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEgLMx28HONSBq7xQVD-pf1tm0qi0AuSeBKS_DnmBtwQfbP_aTm8HL_uoEw1jmIemdYGyNsAVtuMRVdEnd4mvNmOwzJ_P76aTq2q1M7fAnD6dGcmKPYncE_tHu-G6Y_SrG5HYqypz8q3AUZovKL8Z--VJuLngvnKvuSh2kmkfcKwvOgyrqaWY_IB0qo1/s799/2%202.png" style="clear: left; display: inline; float: left; font-size: 12pt; margin-bottom: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img border="0" data-original-height="573" data-original-width="799" height="175" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEgLMx28HONSBq7xQVD-pf1tm0qi0AuSeBKS_DnmBtwQfbP_aTm8HL_uoEw1jmIemdYGyNsAVtuMRVdEnd4mvNmOwzJ_P76aTq2q1M7fAnD6dGcmKPYncE_tHu-G6Y_SrG5HYqypz8q3AUZovKL8Z--VJuLngvnKvuSh2kmkfcKwvOgyrqaWY_IB0qo1/w245-h175/2%202.png" width="245" /></a></div></div><br /></span></div><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"><span style="font-size: 12pt; font-weight: 700;">Stakeholders </span></div><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"><span id="docs-internal-guid-e7a47ac5-7fff-7129-b7f9-0a5dc323ef55"><p dir="ltr" style="line-height: 1.2; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-top: 0pt;"><span style="font-size: 12pt; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; vertical-align: baseline;"><span> </span>The stakeholders, in this case, include the founder and CEO of FTX and founder of Alameda Research, Sam Bankman-Fried, CEO of Alameda Research and alleged ex-girlfriend of SBF Caroline Ellison, founder and CEO of Binance Changpeng Zhao, FTX and Alameda Research as companies, current, and future customers/shareholders, and the general public. </span></p><p dir="ltr" style="line-height: 1.2; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-top: 0pt;"><span style="font-size: 12pt; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; vertical-align: baseline;"><span> </span>Bankman-Fried has completely fallen from grace; it is unsure whether he will be arrested for his part in this scandal, as no charges have been filed yet, but it is safe to say that he will never return to the position of status and power that he once had. Even if he gets off ultimately Scott-free, it still came out that he had murky and incorrect financial reporting and was moving around shareholders’ funds without explanation, so it would be difficult for any consumers to trust him in future endeavors. </span></p><p dir="ltr" style="line-height: 1.2; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-top: 0pt;"><span style="font-size: 12pt; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; vertical-align: baseline;"><span> </span>Most FTX/Alameda executives living with Bankman-Fried in the Bahamas have done their best to stay out of the public eye. However, the same cannot be said for former Alameda Research CEO and alleged ex-girlfriend to SBF, Caroline Ellison. Only a few days after the initial Coindesk article, users on social media had already sniffed out the two's previous love affair. They had begun to make memes attacking both CEOs. If SBF has not been charged with a crime yet, then it is unlikely that she would be found guilty of anything, as she is slightly more removed from it than he is. However, her name and face have already made their way into public discourse. She will forever be associated with Sam Bankman-Fried, and the public will be hesitant to trust her in future endeavors. </span></p><p dir="ltr" style="line-height: 1.2; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-top: 0pt;"><span style="font-size: 12pt; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; vertical-align: baseline;"><span> </span>FTX and Alameda Research filed for chapter 11 bankruptcy. Even if they were to recover financially, the reputations of the companies and those associated with them would be so tarnished that they would never recover in the public eye. </span></p><p dir="ltr" style="line-height: 1.2; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-top: 0pt;"><span style="font-size: 12pt; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; vertical-align: baseline;"><span> </span>Founder and CEO of Binance Changpeng Zhao is using this situation to his advantage. One of his biggest competitors has gone under. He is taking the opportunity to distance himself from the shady get-rich-quick con artists that inhabit the crypto industry by acting as a voice of reason and stability. </span></p><p dir="ltr" style="line-height: 1.2; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-top: 0pt;"><span style="font-size: 12pt; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; vertical-align: baseline;"><span> </span>Current and future customers/shareholders are the most negatively impacted. Current customers/shareholders scramble to recover whatever funds they can and minimize losses. Future customers/shareholders for FTX might not exist, as it is currently unclear what the company's fate will be. However, future customers/shareholders of crypto, in general, are negatively impacted because this scandal can set back the crypto industry 5-10 years from actual public adoption. </span></p><p dir="ltr" style="line-height: 1.2; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-top: 0pt;"><span style="font-size: 12pt; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; vertical-align: baseline;"><span> </span>The general public is more or less unaffected as they are not losing any money, but they may decide to distrust and be weary of crypto as a result and lose out on using it as the helpful tool it can be. </span></p><p dir="ltr" style="line-height: 1.2; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-top: 0pt;"><span style="font-size: 12pt; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; vertical-align: baseline;"><br /></span></p><p dir="ltr" style="line-height: 1.2; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-top: 0pt;"></p><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEgfJ4BQr9ndcbiUDy7QiRSVIiMEIKMEuJUDDM-m97vv2UVYrjhU0hEmU3Z_zz1yxa9jrzCey3mYIl6RHljVOAdFEqFZb_1idO328ELg24E87azSuetnXQFoJGk8F8NO_imdu38x9SjRio3ZJ51nBkhZ8iYvShDPta5Yt1aAYsdyxaAgtAheQglFP76i/s742/SBF.webp" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img border="0" data-original-height="433" data-original-width="742" height="187" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEgfJ4BQr9ndcbiUDy7QiRSVIiMEIKMEuJUDDM-m97vv2UVYrjhU0hEmU3Z_zz1yxa9jrzCey3mYIl6RHljVOAdFEqFZb_1idO328ELg24E87azSuetnXQFoJGk8F8NO_imdu38x9SjRio3ZJ51nBkhZ8iYvShDPta5Yt1aAYsdyxaAgtAheQglFP76i/s320/SBF.webp" width="320" /></a></div>Sam Bankman-Fried (Image from CityAM.com)<br /><span style="font-size: 12pt; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; vertical-align: baseline;"><br /></span><p></p><p dir="ltr" style="line-height: 1.2; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-top: 0pt;"><span style="font-size: 12pt; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-weight: 700; vertical-align: baseline;">Individualism</span></p><p dir="ltr" style="line-height: 1.2; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-top: 0pt;"><span style="font-size: 12pt; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; vertical-align: baseline;">From an individualist perspective, Sam Bankman-Fried did not do anything ethically wrong. He ran FTX and Alameda as he saw fit, moving funds between the two based on his discretion. FTX was making savvy deals and acquisitions, they had big-name celebrity endorsements, a super bowl commercial, and they owned the naming rights to the arena of the Miami Heat. Business was booming, and FTX was an absolute powerhouse in the crypto industry. Just days before this whole scandal FTX was valued at $32 billion. (CNBC, 2022) Seeing as SBF and FTX have not yet been charged with any crimes yet they definitely fit the individualist criteria that “Business actions should maximize profits for the owners of a business, but do so within the law.” (Salazar, 17) Randall Eliason, a former prosecutor and current professor at George Washington University, says, “Mismanaging your company and losing a bunch of other people’s money is not criminal. It happens all the time. For a criminal case, there has to be deception,” (Fortune, 2022). There has not been concrete evidence showing proof of deception or any crimes committed, so as far as an individualist is concerned, SBF is ethically correct in his actions. He looks like a total moron, failure, and terrible business manager, but he is not yet a criminal.</span></p><p dir="ltr" style="line-height: 1.2; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-top: 0pt;"><span style="font-size: 12pt; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-weight: 700; vertical-align: baseline;">Utilitarianism</span></p><p dir="ltr" style="line-height: 1.2; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-top: 0pt;"><span style="font-size: 12pt; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; vertical-align: baseline;">A utilitarian would consider FTX’s actions as least ethically beneficial as possible and were minimizing “happiness in the long run for all conscious beings that are affected by the business action.” (Salazar, 17) Sam Bankman-Fried put his happiness and desire to operate how he wanted ahead of the financial well-being of all of his customers and shareholders. He may have achieved personal happiness in the short term through his selfish actions, but he will be very unhappy in the long term as his business and power are stripped away. Caroline Ellison acted selfishly for the happiness of herself, Sam, and their roommates above all others. She, too, will become unhappy as her status and power are stripped away. Changpeng Zhao did his due diligence to confirm he would secure profit in the long run before offering to bail FTX out, but I cannot write him off as purely focused on personal gain. This move would have helped the customers and shareholders and maximized happiness for most people involved. He set himself apart from others in the crypto industry and, as a result, walked away positively impacted. Current customers and shareholders are unhappy as some lost money and were deceived, but hopefully, they can recover as much as possible. Future customers and shareholders of the crypto industry are unhappy because this is a big negative for crypto. However, they did not lose money like the current customers and shareholders. The general public’s happiness is relatively unaffected; they did not lose money, which will lead to better regulation in the crypto industry. However, they are still mad at FTX and everyone involved, regardless of whether they were customers. </span></p><br /><p dir="ltr" style="line-height: 1.2; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-top: 0pt;"><span style="font-size: 12pt; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-weight: 700; vertical-align: baseline;">Kantianism</span></p><p dir="ltr" style="line-height: 1.2; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-top: 0pt;"><span style="font-size: 12pt; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; vertical-align: baseline;">Kantianism is a philosophy developed by Immanuel Kant, an 18th-century philosopher from Prussia. Kantianism is focused on “the moral permissibility of the action, as well as the moral worth in the motivation of the action.”(Salazar, 21) A categorical imperative test evaluates whether an action is permissible and morally acceptable. The most understandable version of the Categorical Imperative is “the formulation of humanity,” which says actions are impermissible and morally unacceptable if people are used solely as a means to an end. A Kantian would be on the fence about how Bankman-Fried acted. They would say he acted ethically correctly because there is no evidence so far that he would “lie, cheat, manipulate or harm others to get your way.” (Salazar, 17) However, on the other hand, he did not “use informed and rational consent from all parties.”(Salazar, 17) because he was moving funds as he saw fit without running it by customers and shareholders first. A Kantian may have an issue knowing that the executives of FTX and Alameda Research were all living together and supposedly sleeping with one another. Relationships like that are a big no-no in the business world, and they shouldn’t have engaged in them in the first place, but at the very least, they should have been upfront and open about it. There wasn’t any malicious intent as far as we know in the withholding of that information so it seems ethical as far as Kantianism is concerned. The Kantian would ultimately say that Bankman-Fried acted ethically correctly as there is no evidence that he maliciously intended to deceive anyone or use people as a means to an end; he was just a bad manager who made some very costly and careless decisions as he attempted to increase the value of his company for himself and shareholders.</span></p><p dir="ltr" style="line-height: 1.2; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-top: 0pt;"><span style="font-size: 12pt; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-weight: 700; vertical-align: baseline;">Virtue Theory</span></p><p dir="ltr" style="line-height: 1.2; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-top: 0pt;"><span style="font-size: 12pt; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; vertical-align: baseline;">The Greek philosopher Aristotle was the first to develop the virtue theory philosophy. Virtue theory is a tool used to judge “a person’s character and assesses whether a person is virtuous or not. Is the person getting better in life, flourishing, and fulfilling his or her purpose in life, or not?” (Salazar, 23). Look at the person in question and see if their actions align with particular positive ‘virtues’ or harmful ‘vices.’ You can then get a good idea of a person’s character. The four main ‘cardinal’ virtues are courage, temperance, justice/fairness, and honesty. Courage is about standing up for the right things; Sam Bankman-Fried was taking a risk when founding FTX, but he believed bringing crypto to the general public was a good thing to do. He would be considered virtuous in that regard, although not correctly reporting his company’s finances and keeping up-to-date records was cowardly as he was not fully committed to his actions. Temperance is about moderation in action and being realistic; Bankman-fried would not be considered virtuous. Instead of being happy and grounded with his company’s success, he kept trying to achieve more; while this would score him points on an individualist scale, it shows him as lacking virtue here. He did not have to take it upon himself to make those unannounced fund transfers between companies to avoid holdups from shareholder questions. Justice is about suitable products and good practices; FTX was an active crypto marketplace that provided the public with all the tools they would need to buy, sell, and trade various cryptocurrencies. FTX was virtuous in this sense; they provided people with quality products and maintained them properly. Honesty is about being truthful with the general public, your customers, employees, and other businesses. Sam Bankman-Fried was neither honest nor dishonest; as far as the evidence goes, he never purposely misled or deceived anyone, but he was also not completely forthcoming with all of the moves he was making behind the scenes. For this, SBF and FTX would not be looked at as virtuous. The virtue theory would place FTX in a gray area regarding being ethical or unethical. For courage and justice, they were virtuous, but for justice and honesty, they were unvirtuous. </span></p><p dir="ltr" style="line-height: 1.2; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-top: 0pt;"><span style="font-size: 12pt; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-weight: 700; vertical-align: baseline;">Justified Ethics Evaluation</span></p><p dir="ltr" style="line-height: 1.2; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-top: 0pt;"><span style="font-size: 12pt; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; vertical-align: baseline;">After studying this case for weeks, I am frustrated to admit that I still don’t know who I should be mad at the most for this scandal. After analyzing the case through each ethical theory, FTX acted both ethically and unethically. I personally don’t believe Sam Bankman-Fried was intentionally unethical; I think he was just arrogant and way over his head. I still think he and the other FTX and Alameda Research executives should somehow be held accountable and punished. I cannot entirely agree with jail time; I do not think any of them would survive in jail, and if the Securities Exchange Commission and Department of Justice have not charged them with any crimes yet, then I cannot say they deserve the slammer. They should be fined millions of dollars and banned from finance in all capacities. Although this will not make up for all the money still unaccounted for, it will ensure they are made an example of and are not let off easily. I am very unhappy with our Securities Exchange Commission and cannot understand how regulations were not already in place to prevent something of this magnitude from happening. I desperately hope we all learn from this scandal and pass the proper laws to ensure that financial crises like these stop happening or, at the very least, can be reversed and resolved quickly. </span></p><p dir="ltr" style="line-height: 1.2; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-top: 0pt;"><span style="font-size: 12pt; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; vertical-align: baseline;"><br /></span></p><p dir="ltr" style="line-height: 1.2; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-top: 0pt;"></p><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEgnJzYTtK3o1Nx8kUNvUmbuLN82dLgB7L4LGf5ArbINePXshEQuBzhJiEzF71aTdjxoChh61FlNlzxomh-pj18R890niA-cebXYAFknG6uTZCABbg2HGoxJQ5IEElLUfGCouFYdEM5hyx07F8R8ZWqz8ckFams9LXHQlbcqTW3s50PHs3g3dUyzdsfP/s4487/C4SMQFCB4JICHAM4PBKXROWFKQ.jpg" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img border="0" data-original-height="2895" data-original-width="4487" height="206" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEgnJzYTtK3o1Nx8kUNvUmbuLN82dLgB7L4LGf5ArbINePXshEQuBzhJiEzF71aTdjxoChh61FlNlzxomh-pj18R890niA-cebXYAFknG6uTZCABbg2HGoxJQ5IEElLUfGCouFYdEM5hyx07F8R8ZWqz8ckFams9LXHQlbcqTW3s50PHs3g3dUyzdsfP/s320/C4SMQFCB4JICHAM4PBKXROWFKQ.jpg" width="320" /></a></div>Graphic displaying physical examples of crypto tokens<p></p><p dir="ltr" style="line-height: 1.2; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-top: 0pt;">(Image from ArcPublishing.com)<br /><span style="font-size: 12pt; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; vertical-align: baseline;"><br /></span></p><p dir="ltr" style="line-height: 1.2; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-top: 0pt;"><span style="font-size: 12pt; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-weight: 700; vertical-align: baseline;">Conclusion</span></p><p dir="ltr" style="line-height: 1.2; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-top: 0pt;"><span style="font-size: 12pt; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; vertical-align: baseline;">Between the Wells Fargo cross-selling controversy, the 2008 housing crisis, Bernie Madoff’s Ponzi Scheme, and now the FTX scandal, the general public is at its wit's end with controversy in the financial industry. FTX needs to sort out what happened and return the funds to each of its customers. They should completely disband the company and brand, as nobody will again trust that name. The government, specifically the SEC, should review everything that went wrong after its investigation is wrapped up and start drafting new legislation in conjunction with the DOJ to prevent something like this from happening in the future. Crypto is rapidly evolving daily, and if it is not adequately regulated soon, this exact problem could happen multiple times over the next few years. We must get the proper laws in place as soon as possible.</span></p><p dir="ltr" style="line-height: 1.2; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-top: 0pt;"><span style="font-size: 12pt; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; vertical-align: baseline;"><br /></span></p><div><span style="font-size: 12pt; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; vertical-align: baseline;"><span id="docs-internal-guid-6dc76225-7fff-6b37-10f7-3e79fff6a1d4"><p dir="ltr" style="color: black; font-size: medium; line-height: 2.4; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-top: 0pt; text-align: left; white-space: normal;"><span style="color: #0e101a; font-family: 'Times New Roman'; font-size: 9pt; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-weight: 700; vertical-align: baseline; white-space: pre;">References</span><span style="color: #0e101a; font-family: 'Times New Roman'; font-size: 9pt; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; vertical-align: baseline; white-space: pre;">Allison, Ian. “Divisions in Sam Bankman-Fried's Crypto Empire Blur on His Trading Titan Alameda's Balance Sheet.” </span></p><p dir="ltr" style="color: black; font-size: medium; line-height: 2.4; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-top: 0pt; text-align: left; white-space: normal;"><span style="color: #0e101a; font-family: 'Times New Roman'; font-size: 9pt; font-style: italic; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; vertical-align: baseline; white-space: pre;">CoinDesk Latest Headlines RSS</span><span style="color: #0e101a; font-family: 'Times New Roman'; font-size: 9pt; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; vertical-align: baseline; white-space: pre;">, CoinDesk, 9 Nov. 2022, https://www.coindesk.com/business/2022/11/02/divisions-in-sam-bankman-frieds-crypto-empire-blur-</span></p><p dir="ltr" style="color: black; font-size: medium; line-height: 2.4; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-top: 0pt; text-align: left; white-space: normal;"><span style="color: #0e101a; font-family: 'Times New Roman'; font-size: 9pt; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; vertical-align: baseline; white-space: pre;">on-his-trading-titan-alamedas-balance-sheet/. </span><span style="color: #0e101a; font-family: 'Times New Roman'; font-size: 9pt; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; vertical-align: baseline; white-space: pre;">“Sam Bankman-Fried and the FTX Collapse, Explained.” </span><span style="color: #0e101a; font-family: 'Times New Roman'; font-size: 9pt; font-style: italic; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; vertical-align: baseline; white-space: pre;">NBCNews.com</span><span style="color: #0e101a; font-family: 'Times New Roman'; font-size: 9pt; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; vertical-align: baseline; white-space: pre;">, NBCUniversal News Group, https://www.nbcnews.com/tech/crypto/sam-bankman-fried-crypto-ftx-collapse-explained-</span></p><p dir="ltr" style="color: black; font-size: medium; line-height: 2.4; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-top: 0pt; text-align: left; white-space: normal;"><span style="color: #0e101a; font-family: 'Times New Roman'; font-size: 9pt; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; vertical-align: baseline; white-space: pre;">rcna57582. </span><span style="color: #0e101a; font-family: 'Times New Roman'; font-size: 9pt; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; vertical-align: baseline; white-space: pre;">Barrabi, Thomas, and Lydia Moynihan. “Meet Caroline Ellison, Sam Bankman-Fried's Top Exec - and Rumored Ex-Girlfriend.” </span></p><p dir="ltr" style="color: black; font-size: medium; line-height: 2.4; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-top: 0pt; text-align: left; white-space: normal;"><span style="color: #0e101a; font-family: 'Times New Roman'; font-size: 9pt; font-style: italic; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; vertical-align: baseline; white-space: pre;">New York Post</span><span style="color: #0e101a; font-family: 'Times New Roman'; font-size: 9pt; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; vertical-align: baseline; white-space: pre;">, New York Post, 14 Nov. 2022, https://nypost.com/2022/11/14/meet-caroline-ellison-sam-bankman-frieds-rumored-ex-girlfriend/. </span><span style="color: #0e101a; font-family: 'Times New Roman'; font-size: 9pt; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; vertical-align: baseline; white-space: pre;">Roberts, Jeff John. “Could SBF Go to Prison? Here's What the Justice Department Would Have to Prove.” </span><span style="color: #0e101a; font-family: 'Times New Roman'; font-size: 9pt; font-style: italic; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; vertical-align: baseline; white-space: pre;">Fortune</span><span style="color: #0e101a; font-family: 'Times New Roman'; font-size: 9pt; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; vertical-align: baseline; white-space: pre;">, Fortune, 18 Nov. 2022, https://fortune.com/crypto/2022/11/13/could-sam-bankman-fried-go-to-prison-for-the-ftx-disaster/. </span><span style="color: #0e101a; font-family: 'Times New Roman'; font-size: 9pt; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; vertical-align: baseline; white-space: pre;">Salazar, Heather. </span><span style="color: #0e101a; font-family: 'Times New Roman'; font-size: 9pt; font-style: italic; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; vertical-align: baseline; white-space: pre;">The Business Ethics Case Manual: The Authoritative Step-by-Step Guide to Understanding and Improving the </span></p><p dir="ltr" style="color: black; font-size: medium; line-height: 2.4; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-top: 0pt; text-align: left; white-space: normal;"><span style="color: #0e101a; font-family: 'Times New Roman'; font-size: 9pt; font-style: italic; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; vertical-align: baseline; white-space: pre;">Ethics of Any Business. </span><span style="color: #0e101a; font-family: 'Times New Roman'; font-size: 9pt; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; vertical-align: baseline; white-space: pre;">Print.</span><span style="color: #0e101a; font-family: 'Times New Roman'; font-size: 9pt; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; vertical-align: baseline; white-space: pre;">Huang, Kalley. “Why Did FTX Collapse? Here's What to Know.” </span><span style="color: #0e101a; font-family: 'Times New Roman'; font-size: 9pt; font-style: italic; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; vertical-align: baseline; white-space: pre;">The New York Times</span><span style="color: #0e101a; font-family: 'Times New Roman'; font-size: 9pt; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; vertical-align: baseline; white-space: pre;">, The New York Times, 10 Nov. 2022, https://www.nytimes.com/2022/11/10/technology/ftx-binance-crypto-explained.html. </span><span style="color: #0e101a; font-family: 'Times New Roman'; font-size: 9pt; font-style: italic; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; vertical-align: baseline; white-space: pre;">FTX</span><span style="color: #0e101a; font-family: 'Times New Roman'; font-size: 9pt; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; vertical-align: baseline; white-space: pre;">. https://www.google.com/url?sa=i&url=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.prnewswire.com%2Fnews-releases%2Fftx-resumes-ordinary-</span></p><p dir="ltr" style="color: black; font-size: medium; line-height: 2.4; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-top: 0pt; text-align: left; white-space: normal;"><span style="color: #0e101a; font-family: 'Times New Roman'; font-size: 9pt; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; vertical-align: baseline; white-space: pre;">course-payments-of-employees-and-certain-foreign-contractors-301688260.html&psig=AOvVaw3LNs8zHf7Nsez_lUD_5sbv&ust=</span></p><p dir="ltr" style="color: black; font-size: medium; line-height: 2.4; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-top: 0pt; text-align: left; white-space: normal;"><span style="color: #0e101a; font-family: 'Times New Roman'; font-size: 9pt; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; vertical-align: baseline; white-space: pre;">1670129806944000&source=images&cd=vfe&ved=0CA8QjRxqFwoTCNjnusHU3PsCFQAAAAAdAAAAABAD. </span><span style="color: #0e101a; font-family: 'Times New Roman'; font-size: 9pt; font-style: italic; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; vertical-align: baseline; white-space: pre;">SBF</span><span style="color: #0e101a; font-family: 'Times New Roman'; font-size: 9pt; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; vertical-align: baseline; white-space: pre;">. https://www.google.com/url?sa=i&url=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.cityam.com%2Fsam-bankman-fried-i-clearly-failed-and-im-</span></p><p dir="ltr" style="color: black; font-size: medium; line-height: 2.4; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-top: 0pt; text-align: left; white-space: normal;"><span style="color: #0e101a; font-family: 'Times New Roman'; font-size: 9pt; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; vertical-align: baseline; white-space: pre;">sorry%2F&psig=AOvVaw25txLu18g8ZbpKp9U9A5dp&ust=1670129931641000&source=images&cd=vfe&ved=0CA8Qj</span></p><p dir="ltr" style="color: black; font-size: medium; line-height: 2.4; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-top: 0pt; text-align: left; white-space: normal;"><span style="color: #0e101a; font-family: 'Times New Roman'; font-size: 9pt; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; vertical-align: baseline; white-space: pre;">RxqFwoTCOi81f3U3PsCFQAAAAAdAAAAABAL. </span><span style="color: #0e101a; font-family: 'Times New Roman'; font-size: 9pt; font-style: italic; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; vertical-align: baseline; white-space: pre;">Crypto</span><span style="color: #0e101a; font-family: 'Times New Roman'; font-size: 9pt; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; vertical-align: baseline; white-space: pre;">. https://cloudfront-us-east-2.images.arcpublishing.com/reuters/C4SMQFCB4JICHAM4PBKXROWFKQ.jpg. </span></p></span></span></div></span></div></span></span>Steven McKennahttp://www.blogger.com/profile/03794563138666610290noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-3346515991378239658.post-32167872556946317012022-12-02T20:51:00.002-08:002022-12-02T20:51:17.146-08:00Truth Social: Shady Deals Lead to a Federal Investigation (2022)<p align="center" class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; text-align: center;"><br /></p><p class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal;"><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman",serif; font-size: 12.0pt;"><b><br />ABSTRACT:</b></span></p><p class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal;"><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman",serif; font-size: 12.0pt;"><span> </span>The relatively new,
conservative based social media app, Truth Social, has been sparking controversy
since the time of its development in early 2021. This application, headed by Donald
Trump and his company Trump Media, has raised questions about not only how it is
being run and moderated, but also the dealings behind the scenes that have led
to a federal investigation. Investors, developers, and users, and even those
who have left the company have been affected by this, and some who continue to
be involved are dealing with the consequences. <o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal;"><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman",serif; font-size: 12.0pt;"><span> </span>Despite
the polarizing topic of the app’s political nature, this paper is intended to
be an objective look into how the situation is viewed by four ethical theories:
Individualism, Utilitarianism, Kantianism, and Virtue Theory. Only after considering
the teachings of each theory will a verdict be able to be placed on Truth Social,
and in turn, their parent company, Trump Media. After looking into each of the
theories and their teachings, the acts from Trump Media and Truth Social will clearly
be seen as more unethical that not.<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal;"><b><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman",serif; font-size: 12.0pt;">CASE CONTROVERSY:</span></b></p><p class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal;"><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman", serif; font-size: 12pt; text-indent: 0.5in;"><table cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="tr-caption-container" style="float: left;"><tbody><tr><td style="text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEgf6VMBB9MIJshuWzQoe6zxZ0lbBu36EhLGf7I2nt06IUr3x0OTuHdOn_lnxl2XcBJlfA3pCEEYu2MfjV7AEM_dw32nPk1zZkdNaYWG7jtYp2nIC6q64rbZlK_M-IZ4s6Fc8Ek5pqJDpe_8c6KoNEyRRbclmNQ0jQEwIATRA3_HXTPeTbG_t4-Gi6kU/s596/Trump%20tweets.png" imageanchor="1" style="clear: left; margin-bottom: 1em; margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><img border="0" data-original-height="500" data-original-width="596" height="268" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEgf6VMBB9MIJshuWzQoe6zxZ0lbBu36EhLGf7I2nt06IUr3x0OTuHdOn_lnxl2XcBJlfA3pCEEYu2MfjV7AEM_dw32nPk1zZkdNaYWG7jtYp2nIC6q64rbZlK_M-IZ4s6Fc8Ek5pqJDpe_8c6KoNEyRRbclmNQ0jQEwIATRA3_HXTPeTbG_t4-Gi6kU/s320/Trump%20tweets.png" width="320" /></a></td></tr><tr><td class="tr-caption" style="text-align: center;">Final tweets from former president Donald Trump<br /></td></tr></tbody></table><span> </span>Before discussing
the controversy of Truth Social, its conception must be understood. On January
8</span><sup style="font-family: "Times New Roman", serif; text-indent: 0.5in;">th</sup><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman", serif; font-size: 12pt; text-indent: 0.5in;">, 2021, closely following the January 6</span><sup style="font-family: "Times New Roman", serif; text-indent: 0.5in;">th</sup><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman", serif; font-size: 12pt; text-indent: 0.5in;"> insurrection
of the U.S. Capitol Building, Donald Trump posted several tweets further spreading
the message that the election was stolen and denying a peaceful transfer of power.
According to a statement by Twitter, “We assessed the two Tweets referenced
above under our Glorification of Violence policy, which aims to prevent the
glorification of violence that could inspire others to replicate violent acts
and determined that they were highly likely to encourage and inspire people to
replicate the criminal acts that took place at the U.S. Capitol on January 6,
2021” (Twitter). Many other forms of social media followed this act, banning
the former president on their respective apps. Due to Trump using these sites
as his major form of reaching his political followers, he was forced to use far
smaller platforms. This caused him to look for an alternative, and eventually
to create a competitor of his own: Truth Social.</span></p><p class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal;"><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman", serif; font-size: 12pt; text-indent: 0.5in;"><span> </span>However, to launch
such an app, they needed financial support from external sources, so Trump
Media looked to investors for help. In late 2021, a deal was struck between Trump
Media and the company Digital World Acquisition. Specifically, Trump Media
would get $300 million for agreeing to a merger with Digital World (Goldstein
and Thompson). This was a surprise to many, as there was nothing publicly
stated before this time about a merger. However, this, in addition to $1
billion from several hedge funds, would be more than enough to fund Trump’s
passion project and not many more eyebrows were raised.</span><table cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="tr-caption-container" style="float: right;"><tbody><tr><td style="text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEiGMdXZWhWhQvsW32EkV-cfLtQlGzYgQWqLlyGk3Whm4oICWzOXMLMU7paNaaErojhLacm3T0Q-gR_DMb_b2I-vT3N6ybJR10ZA5UkLLhjnNII7IZ2XJK_tj7dUpPDsNIa6atjXlGZ-d8lNFIXNQ4gzglOxoiPxJwiudCqP5mn0XtFP8pVn0DruM_PB/s640/Waiting%20List.png" imageanchor="1" style="clear: right; margin-bottom: 1em; margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><img border="0" data-original-height="360" data-original-width="640" height="180" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEiGMdXZWhWhQvsW32EkV-cfLtQlGzYgQWqLlyGk3Whm4oICWzOXMLMU7paNaaErojhLacm3T0Q-gR_DMb_b2I-vT3N6ybJR10ZA5UkLLhjnNII7IZ2XJK_tj7dUpPDsNIa6atjXlGZ-d8lNFIXNQ4gzglOxoiPxJwiudCqP5mn0XtFP8pVn0DruM_PB/s320/Waiting%20List.png" width="320" /></a></td></tr><tr><td class="tr-caption" style="text-align: center;">The waitlist for Truth Social from https://ichef.bbci<br />.co.uk/news/640/cpsprodpb/1407C/production/_<br />123944028_screenshot2022-03-29at15.14.28.png<br /></td></tr></tbody></table></p><p class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal;"></p><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman", serif; font-size: 12pt; text-indent: 0.5in;"><span> </span>Launching just
over a year after the permanent bans took place, Truth Social was marketed as a
right-wing app that was highlighted by its lack of moderation, labeled by the
developers as free speech. While this seemed like a safe haven for far-right
wing Americans, in February of 2022, they were met with a host of issues with
the interface of the app. The launch was “plagued by technical glitches and a
13-hour outage” (Kelly) and a month after its release, “new users are still
being put on an ever-expanding million-person or more waitlist to join the app”
(Kelly). While all major apps have technical difficulties in their early
stages, this seemed to be more than expected. Reportedly, two executives of
Truth Social resigned from their positions due to the nature of the launch.
Josh Adams, the Chief Technology Officer, and Billy Boozer, the Head of Product
Development, did not make a comment on specifics about their swift
resignations.</span><p></p><p class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal;"><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman", serif; font-size: 12pt; text-indent: 0.5in;"><table cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="tr-caption-container" style="float: left;"><tbody><tr><td style="text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEiNZQF7UhGu_wiP6UxFLOkvEVkXJzlUzderNCirZz5TtaxKNKjbX-tbIn3g484X3TyIyyukAlRr4DimlwU9Qi_KoDdbnetzR7RH5s29YUNotBD3EwSYO4V1osNzvzo-hRF-ENTde9SLVBAF6vc37ayPxFNe4cBs5aBmbWfwSd4ZZXT28X2YwHpULbLK/s1920/Ricky%20Shiffer.webp" imageanchor="1" style="clear: left; margin-bottom: 1em; margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><img border="0" data-original-height="1081" data-original-width="1920" height="180" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEiNZQF7UhGu_wiP6UxFLOkvEVkXJzlUzderNCirZz5TtaxKNKjbX-tbIn3g484X3TyIyyukAlRr4DimlwU9Qi_KoDdbnetzR7RH5s29YUNotBD3EwSYO4V1osNzvzo-hRF-ENTde9SLVBAF6vc37ayPxFNe4cBs5aBmbWfwSd4ZZXT28X2YwHpULbLK/s320/Ricky%20Shiffer.webp" width="320" /></a></td></tr><tr><td class="tr-caption" style="text-align: center;">Ricky Shiffer at the attack on the U.S. Capitol. <br />https://www.sportskeeda.com/pop-culture/what<br />-ricky-walter-shiffer-do-armed-man-killed<br />-police<br />-standoff-attempted-ohio-fbi-office-breach<br /><br /></td></tr></tbody></table><span> </span>In addition, the
budding social media app was gaining more users, but this meant more of a
chance for misuse. Following the FBI’s search of Trump’s Mar-a-Lago home in August
of 2022, there was an uproar on the app, including messages from a man by the name
of Ricky Shiffer. One of these posts read “get whatever you need to be ready
for combat” (Thompson and Goldstein). Later, he was killed attempting to break
into an FBI office in retaliation to the search. While some point to Donald
Trump for fueling some of this hatred, the senior research manager for
Institute for Strategic Dialogue, Jared Holt, has another view of it. He
indicated that, “the unfortunate truth is that any platform — once it gets big
enough — has to deal with somebody doing something like that” (Thompson and
Goldstein). This death made it difficult to justify one of its largest draws
for the userbase: the lack of moderation.</span></p><p class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal;"><table cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="tr-caption-container" style="float: right;"><tbody><tr><td style="text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEjNMz8Mm-H4iulUEnwxOseqWSobOe3q5-0iY214gBArYPyEpcWaMF1qgwPCRXcSM8kU-h81gjg5l5Zf-gRzjGm5crmyYTef4e611HhFUgfNe6BcYOkS92CvPGQVsa07KOlRzGnoba0PbKdUXVYixkWEOwoxtHjm0zdh6hCwnCuigzdvGCmLP5-9-mwp/s2000/TRUTH%20SOCIAL.png" imageanchor="1" style="clear: right; margin-bottom: 1em; margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><img border="0" data-original-height="2000" data-original-width="800" height="320" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEjNMz8Mm-H4iulUEnwxOseqWSobOe3q5-0iY214gBArYPyEpcWaMF1qgwPCRXcSM8kU-h81gjg5l5Zf-gRzjGm5crmyYTef4e611HhFUgfNe6BcYOkS92CvPGQVsa07KOlRzGnoba0PbKdUXVYixkWEOwoxtHjm0zdh6hCwnCuigzdvGCmLP5-9-mwp/s320/TRUTH%20SOCIAL.png" width="128" /></a></td></tr><tr><td class="tr-caption" style="text-align: center;">Timeline of Events</td></tr></tbody></table><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman", serif; font-size: 12pt; text-indent: 0.5in;"><span> </span>These were not the
only issues with the company however, as internally there were surfacing problems
surrounding the merger with Digital World. A whistleblower by the name of William
Wilkerson claims that there were “fraudulent misrepresentations … in violation
of federal securities laws” (Harwell). Based on Special Purpose Acquisition
Company (SPAC) guidelines, talks of mergers between parties must be disclosed
to the public. While Digital World did later acknowledge that there had been undisclosed
talks of the Merger between representatives of each company, they “argue that
those talks were too preliminary to meet the threshold for disclosure” (Goldstein).
But with these admissions in addition to the whistleblower, the Securities and
Exchange Commission (SEC) has launched an investigation into the deal. This process
is far from over, but at this point, anything else would be pure speculation as
those concerned with the company are waiting for the result of the investigation.
As of now, the merger still has not gone through, but Digital World’s
shareholders have extended the deadline of the merger a few months, and are
looking at other long term options, to accommodate the company during the investigation.</span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal;"><b><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman",serif; font-size: 12.0pt;">STAKEHOLDERS:<o:p></o:p></span></b></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal;"><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman",serif; font-size: 12.0pt;"><span> </span>This
process, from the deal with Digital World to those resigning because of too
many technical issues, has affected many people, whether it be in a positive or
negative manner. It is important to highlight some of these individuals and
groups to acknowledge their level of involvement. This will help to adequately represent
all parties involved when thinking about each ethical theory. The most obvious
of these is Truth Social and by extension Trump Media. Based on the results of
the Federal investigation, they could lose out on their promised $1.3 billion.
Digital World is in a similar situation, as they would be forced to return the
$300 million initially raised by the investors. Directly following this, the
investors and contributing hedge fund managers would be affected by their money
returning to them without payout. Another set of stakeholders are those using
the app. While many are satisfied with the experience, the host of problems
with other users and technical issues must be taken into consideration. Some
individuals associated with the groups above are Donald Trump, Josh Adams,
Billy Boozer, William Wilkerson, and Ricky Shiffer.<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal;"><b><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman",serif; font-size: 12.0pt;">INDIVIDUALISM:</span></b><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman",serif; font-size: 12.0pt;"><o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal;"><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman",serif; font-size: 12.0pt;"><span> </span>This ethical
theory is among the simplest to understand and can be broken down into two main
parts. To be ethical under Individualism, an action must be profitable for the company,
and in tandem, there must be no laws broken. From the perspective of Truth
Social and Trump Media, this merger with Digital World was indeed a quite
profitable idea. They would be gaining a total of $1.3 billion. To satisfy the
second characteristic of Individualism, Trump Media claims that everything was
done legally. If they are to be taken at their word, this would be an ethical
action.</span></p><p class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal;"><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman", serif; font-size: 12pt; text-indent: 0.5in;"><span> </span>However, there is
more to this than it seems at first glance. If it proves that there were
deceptive dealings between Digital World and Trump Media, the verdict would
shift. The aforementioned result of Trump Media being innocent, and hence the
merger being ethical is only one of two possible outcomes. The other is that
they are guilty of fraudulent behavior. It is unclear which laws they are being
investigated for, but if they have carried out illegal activity, the merger would
not go through, and the money would be returned to the respective investors. This
in turn would violate both the necessities behind individualism. The obvious
part of them being guilty would imply that the law has been broken. As a
result, profitability would be diminished greatly if not fully taken away. They
would lose the money promised by the merger, making the action unethical. This cannot
be reasoned whether it is ethical or not, but it is entirely based off the
investigation.</span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal;"><b><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman",serif; font-size: 12.0pt;">UTILITARIANISM:<o:p></o:p></span></b></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal;"><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman",serif; font-size: 12.0pt;"><span> </span>Contrary to Individualism
where only the company taking action is considered, Utilitarianism takes the
wellbeing of all stakeholders into account. The major tenant of this theory is
to maximize happiness. If the action does not maximize happiness, then it is
considered unethical. Similar to the last analysis, two cases will be
considered regarding the outcome of the federal investigation. However, some
stakeholders in the process are not particularly interested parties when it
comes to the investigation, and hence they will be listed first. The main
reason many of them are no longer linked to the company and its dealings is
because they have been taken out of the equation in one way or another. Josh Adams
and Billy Boozer were unhappy with the company and how the technical issues
were being handled, as this was their reported reason for leaving. Another former
executive, William Wilkerson the whistleblower, was so unhappy with the
dealings at the company that he felt the need to file a formal complaint with
the SEC. The final consideration for the currently uninterested parties is Ricky
Shiffer. While he theoretically cannot feel happiness nor the contrary, his
death presumably caused despair among family and friends. In this category, there
were no feelings of happiness, but before an ethical judgment can be placed,
the other two cases must be presented.<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal;"><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman",serif; font-size: 12.0pt;"><span> </span>If
Trump Media is not guilty, it is reasonable to assume they would be happy as
the long-awaited merger would finally be able to go through. This would give
them access to funds to run Truth Social and potentially work on further
ventures. It would equally make Digital World and their investors happy as they
would make a profit from this just as much as Trump Media would. Taking the
first group of people into account, there are more people who are happy simply
because of the quantity associated with the deal that outweigh those who have
been burned leading to the merger. On the contrary, if this deal is found to be
illegitimate, all mentioned parties would completely flip and be unhappy. Truth
Social could be at risk of shutting down with a lack of finances to run successfully,
which would make all the employees generally unhappy. The same logical reasoning
can explain the displeasure of all associated with Digital World and the
investors funding the merger. In this case, all parties are not happy, so it
would be unethical. Due to the divide in the cases, it is left up to the
investigations results.<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal;"><b><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman",serif; font-size: 12.0pt;">KANTANIANISM:<o:p></o:p></span></b></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal;"><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman",serif; font-size: 12.0pt;"><span> </span>While both of the past
ethical theories were fairly simple, they also had some sizeable shortcomings
that can create holes in their logical arguments. To make up for a lapse in the
inadequacies of these theories, Kantianism is slightly more complicated and
less black and white. There are a few important principal thoughts associated
with this way of ethical analysis. The primary ones are to act rationally and to
respect others’ rationality. All other rules of Kantianism can be derived from
these two statements. If you are not helping people to be rational, or worse, obstructing
their rationality by lying, this is not showing respect to their rationality.
In addition to this, there are two important formulas to live by: the Formula
of Humanity and the Formula of Universal Law. <span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>The first of these claims that one must respect
another’s humanity and never use them as a means to some end. The second of the
formulas says to act according to a maxim and if you can universalize this
maxim without contradictions to rationality, it is permissible.</span></p><p class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal;"><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman", serif; font-size: 12pt; text-indent: 0.5in;"><span> </span>There is more to the
teachings of Kant, however, this is more than enough information to pick out
several violations by the heads of each company. One such infringement is the deceit
behind the talks between representatives of Trump Media and Digital World that
were not disclosed to the public. This does not respect the rationality of the
public. Despite the companies not explicitly being dishonest, they were lying
by omission. This also fails the Formula of Universal Law. Consider the maxim
as not disclosing the talks to the public. Universalizing this, it can be seen
that there is some information that could be useful that is unknown to people,
hence lapsing their rationality.</span></p><p class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal;"><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman", serif; font-size: 12pt; text-indent: 0.5in;"><span> </span>Another such violation
is the idea of Truth Social as a whole. Trump Media is using those who work at
the company, as well as the users of the site, as mere means to complete a
merger that will profit Trump Media primarily. While Truth Social will also see
some of the benefits, it will be less direct, contradicting the Formula of Humanity.
Opposed to the last two ethical theories, Kantianism does not hinge on the federal
investigation heavily. However, if found guilty, this would go against all what
Kant believed to be ethical, as lying is an impermissible act. Therefore, it
can be reasoned that this deal is unethical under the teaching of Kantianism.</span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal;"><b><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman",serif; font-size: 12.0pt;">VIRTUE THEORY: <o:p></o:p></span></b></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal;"><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman",serif; font-size: 12.0pt;"><span> </span>The
final analysis that will be considered is that of Virtue Theory. When discussing
this way of thinking, the first logical question is determining what a virtue is.
It can be expressed as a characteristic that allows something to function as it
is intended to. In humans, there are four major characteristics: courage, temperance,
justice, and honesty. It can be seen quite easily that one must strive for these
virtues, but they are each on their own spectrum. Take courage for instance; it
sits on the spectrum between the vices of cowardice and recklessness. Despite these
being qualities of an honorable person, humans are not inherently virtuous. The
process to become virtuous has four steps. One must model themselves after a virtuous
person, thus making it easier to know what habits to follow. Next, it must be
acknowledged that most people are weak willed, and hence, the transformation
will be difficult. Once this is realized, it is important to attempt to act
with the virtuous qualities in mind. Once these actions become habit, they develop
into character traits and in turn virtues.</span></p><p class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal;"><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman", serif; font-size: 12pt; text-indent: 0.5in;"><span> </span>As honesty is one of the cardinal virtues, the
argument for why the merger is not ethical follows similar logic to that of
Kantianism. It is quite clear that those representing Trump Media and Digital
World have failed one or more of the aforementioned steps. It would only be
speculation to figure out where the error was, but no matter which step was
missed or ignored, the outcome was the same. They were dishonest with the
public about their talks of a merger behind closed doors. This also relies slightly
on the result of the investigation, as it could violate the cardinal virtue of justice
as well. If they are found to be guilty of fraudulent activity, this would
directly contradict this virtue. Based on all the presented information, the teachings
of Virtue Theory would undoubtedly condemn the merger between Trump Media and
Digital World as being unethical.</span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal;"><b><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman",serif; font-size: 12.0pt;">JUSTIFICATION OF ETHICS:<span> </span></span></b></p><p class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal;"><b><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman",serif; font-size: 12.0pt;"></span></b><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman", serif; font-size: 12pt; text-indent: 0.5in;"><span> </span>Reviewing the
verdicts of the four considered theories, we have two that outright would label
the merger unethical. The other two are somewhat inconclusive due to the fact
that they rely so heavily on the outcome of the federal investigation. But to
determine if it truly can be labeled one way or another, the ethical theories must
be combined in some way to adequately judge them. One such method of
combination could be to give each theory an equal weight. This approach would rely
on the investigation so it will again be broken into cases. If the merger is
found to be legitimate, the divide between theories claiming ethical and
unethical will be two on one side and two on the other. Alternatively, if the
deal is found to be illegal, all four theories label it as unethical. However,
there is one final instance to examine. In the case of this current time, two theories
label it as being unethical and two cases are undetermined. This can be modeled
by looking at the probabilities of certain events. If we say each ethical
theory is equal to one if unethical and zero if ethical, and the expectation is
greater than two, the act is more likely to be unethical. Since major news
sites are writing about it, it is reasonable to assume the probability of the
investigation yielding a guilty verdict is greater than zero and hence, the
expectation for the two undetermined theories is greater than zero. Added to the
two that would define it as unethical, it can be seen that the expectation is
greater than two. Therefore, the merger is more likely to be unethical currently.
</span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman", serif; font-size: 12pt; text-indent: 0.5in;"> </span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal;"><b><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman",serif; font-size: 12.0pt;">CONCLUSION:<o:p></o:p></span></b></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal;"><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman",serif; font-size: 12.0pt;"><span> </span>It must be noted
that this has been researched and written from the information available by December
2, 2022. As seen throughout the paper, much of it relies on the results of the federal
investigation. However, it was written in such a way that hopefully the reader
may easily convert the ethical theories to one way or another once the results are
established. The covered scenarios are not necessarily comprehensive of all possibilities,
but simply the most probable ones.</span></p><p class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal;"><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman",serif; font-size: 12.0pt;"><b>Owen Boyns</b></span></p><p class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal;"><br /></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; tab-stops: 114.75pt;"><b><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman", serif;">REFERENCES: <span style="font-size: x-small;"><o:p></o:p></span></span></b></p>
<p style="margin-left: 28.35pt; text-indent: -28.35pt;"><span style="font-size: x-small;">Goldstein, Matthew. “SPAC
Tied to Trump Media Says Early Talks Were Not 'Substantive'.” <i>The New York
Times</i>, The New York Times, 25 Oct. 2022,
https://www.nytimes.com/2022/10/25/business/trump-media-spac-sec.html. <o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p style="margin-left: 28.35pt; text-indent: -28.35pt;"><span style="font-size: x-small;">Harwell, Drew. “Co-Founder
of Trump's Media Company Details Truth Social's Bitter Infighting.” <i>The
Washington Post</i>, WP Company, 16 Oct. 2022,
https://www.washingtonpost.com/technology/2022/10/15/truth-social-trump-animosity-whistleblower/.
<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p style="margin-left: 28.35pt; text-indent: -28.35pt;"><span style="font-size: x-small;">Kelly, Makena. “Two Top
Truth Social Execs Resign from the Company.” <i>The Verge</i>, The Verge, 4
Apr. 2022,
https://www.theverge.com/2022/4/4/23010005/truth-social-billy-boozer-josh-adams-donald-trump-social-media-rumble-tmtg.
<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p style="margin-left: 28.35pt; text-indent: -28.35pt;"><span style="font-size: x-small;">“Permanent Suspension of
@RealDonaldTrump.” <i>Twitter</i>, Twitter,
https://blog.twitter.com/en_us/topics/company/2020/suspension. <o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p style="margin-left: 28.35pt; text-indent: -28.35pt;"><span style="font-size: x-small;">Thompson, Stuart A., and
Matthew Goldstein. “Truth Social's Influence Grows despite Its Business
Problems.” <i>The New York Times</i>, The New York Times, 1 Nov. 2022,
https://www.nytimes.com/2022/11/01/technology/truth-social-conservative-social-app.html.</span></p><div style="mso-element: comment-list;"><div style="mso-element: comment;"><div class="msocomtxt" id="_com_2" language="JavaScript">
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</div>Owen Boynshttp://www.blogger.com/profile/14222262500521386026noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-3346515991378239658.post-56625642230765584552022-12-02T20:27:00.001-08:002022-12-02T20:27:59.976-08:00The Growth of Truth Social (2022)<p dir="ltr" style="line-height: 1.2; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-top: 0pt;"><span style="background-color: transparent; font-family: "Times New Roman"; font-size: 12pt; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal; text-decoration-skip-ink: none; vertical-align: baseline; white-space: pre-wrap;"><span style="color: #2b00fe;"><b>ABSTRACT</b></span></span></p><p dir="ltr" style="line-height: 1.2; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-top: 0pt;"><span style="font-size: 12pt; white-space: pre-wrap;"><span> </span>Truth Social is the newest conservative marketed </span><span style="font-size: 12pt; white-space: pre-wrap;">social media </span></p><p dir="ltr" style="line-height: 1.2; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-top: 0pt;"><table cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="tr-caption-container" style="float: right;"><tbody><tr><td style="text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEi493oAj6p23bJ6qaXJHv3LZNzGodga3za9p1spy2xhlzH3huMewzNcbCK-CDaQCCEcj5f_BzmY40kVnv66Fz637BmXVJ4QXKwjiQJEvZfHFsO6b8qNWIkiSGFqcDu46fruYcGarvFLb2NSOzRkt2czchlbzp8XhAGycsUMA3OicPm25q2SqFKDmyj1kw/s3000/Devin_Nunes.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="clear: right; margin-bottom: 1em; margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto; text-align: right;"><img border="0" data-original-height="3000" data-original-width="2400" height="430" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEi493oAj6p23bJ6qaXJHv3LZNzGodga3za9p1spy2xhlzH3huMewzNcbCK-CDaQCCEcj5f_BzmY40kVnv66Fz637BmXVJ4QXKwjiQJEvZfHFsO6b8qNWIkiSGFqcDu46fruYcGarvFLb2NSOzRkt2czchlbzp8XhAGycsUMA3OicPm25q2SqFKDmyj1kw/w344-h430/Devin_Nunes.jpg" width="344" /></a></td></tr><tr><td class="tr-caption" style="text-align: center;"><span style="color: #444444; font-size: x-small;"><b>Truth Social CEO Devin Nunes</b></span> </td></tr></tbody></table><span style="font-size: 12pt; white-space: pre-wrap;">platform. Owned by Trump Media & Technology Group. Has had a massive growth since its launch in February of 2022. It had a total number of 1.7 million unique users compared to its competitors only averaging 360,000 unique users. The company had a rocky start with </span><span style="font-size: 12pt; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; vertical-align: baseline; white-space: pre-wrap;">two executives quitting and another executive being fired in October </span><span style="font-size: 12pt; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; text-align: justify; vertical-align: baseline; white-space: pre-wrap;">by filing a whistleblower complaint to the Securities and </span><span style="font-size: 12pt; text-align: justify; white-space: pre-wrap;">Exchange Commission that Truth’s parent company was relying on fraudulent misrepresentations. The four different ethical belief systems have different beliefs of whether this platform is ethical. I</span><span style="font-size: 12pt; text-align: justify; white-space: pre-wrap;">ndividualism loves this platform, utilitarianism believes this site is good but its user base is unethical, Kanianism believes that the platform is unethical because of </span><span style="font-size: 12pt; text-align: justify; white-space: pre-wrap;">an unwillingness to limit what people say, and lastly virtue theory again believes the platform is bad based on understanding basic human actions. This site is seen as ethical, the concept is very ethical because the people are what make this platform unethical, humans by nature are unethical beings and the internet makes people think they can say whatever they wish without consequences so it brings out the worst habits and behaviors of human beings.</span></p><span id="docs-internal-guid-f5e1a812-7fff-785a-b0c9-bf1f1c044f8e"><span style="font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; vertical-align: baseline; white-space: pre-wrap;"><span id="docs-internal-guid-2c4e7460-7fff-f5ed-220a-31b7daf693ca"><h2 style="font-size: 12pt; line-height: 1.2; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-top: 0pt; text-align: right;"><span style="font-size: 12pt; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; text-decoration-skip-ink: none; vertical-align: baseline;"><span style="color: #2b00fe;"><b>ETHICS CASE CONTROVERSY</b></span></span></h2><p dir="ltr" style="font-size: 12pt; line-height: 1.2; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-top: 0pt; text-indent: 36pt;"><span style="font-size: 12pt; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; vertical-align: baseline;"><table cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="tr-caption-container" style="float: left; margin-right: 1em; text-align: left;"><tbody><tr><td style="text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEgFBMdvSoLL6lQ_GFTV__cg-SFN4mR8N8d7UrkMBBVXr4lhRkY8wmYJ3TVVlNZWJU2PdiNWIDDXvlZoXc5keAHiJIGqZYVwbpicwl5rtrKFez4AaEH6ZnlfHwvwsUys0wuJ8RiKzvYkdPb8Q19Js97st4K5Omv_bXjkx7yH3kHjq3WGvnNLPPynuRvzVg/s932/Donald-Trump-Truth-Social.webp" imageanchor="1" style="clear: right; margin-bottom: 1em; margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><img border="0" data-original-height="524" data-original-width="932" height="174" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEgFBMdvSoLL6lQ_GFTV__cg-SFN4mR8N8d7UrkMBBVXr4lhRkY8wmYJ3TVVlNZWJU2PdiNWIDDXvlZoXc5keAHiJIGqZYVwbpicwl5rtrKFez4AaEH6ZnlfHwvwsUys0wuJ8RiKzvYkdPb8Q19Js97st4K5Omv_bXjkx7yH3kHjq3WGvnNLPPynuRvzVg/w310-h174/Donald-Trump-Truth-Social.webp" width="310" /></a></td></tr><tr><td class="tr-caption" style="text-align: center;"><span style="color: #444444; font-size: x-small;"><b>Truth Social Star and Trump Media & Technology Group <br />CEO Donald J. Trump</b></span><br /></td></tr></tbody></table>Truth Social joined the already full social platform race on February 21, 2022, created by the Trump Media & Technology Group. It is a right-wing social network which already faces two federal investigations with uncertain financial future. With this they have still managed to outpace rival social media platforms. Though it doesn’t compare with Twitter, and Facebook. Compared to its closest rivals such as Gab, Parler, Gettr, MeWe and Minds who averaged about 360,000 unique visitors in September Truth Social towers over them with a number of 1.7 million unique visitors all from the US. The right-wing social media platform has faced problems after problems since its launch date, one of those being two executives resigning after the app was launched still full of problems. A third executive was fired after filing a whistle-blower complaint which was that Truth’s parent company was relying on fraudulent misrepresentations. The company is currently under two separate federal investigations which is putting a $1.3 billion constraint on the already financially drained company. Much of Truth’s growth is owed to former President Donald J. Trump who is one of Truth’s founders and the star of the app. He is not the only well known right-wing politician or celebrity on this app; he is joined by Dan Bongino, Marjorie Taylor Greene and numerous conspiracy theorists, far-right influencers and many other Republican voters. The platform has had significant growth especially among the right-wing political party. This has made the platform bigger than anticipated. It is growing at a far faster rate than any of the social media platforms currently out there for consumer use. It does have its issues on the financial front which is why the company has its hopes set on a deal made with Digital World Acquisitions. The company successfully raised $300 million with their initial public offering of stock. They later received money from three dozen hedge funds which came to an additional $1 billion in finances upon the completion of the merger between the two companies. Though this deal will most likely fall through which will lead to Truth going from hoping to gain $1.3 billion to nothing. The reason for this is because Digital World is currently under investigations by both federal prosecutors and securities regulators which could lead to them having to liquidate themselves in early December and force them to return to shareholders the money raided in its I.P.O. The fact of the matter is if this deal falls through Trump Media will have to scavenge for financing to be able to keep Truth Social running. <table cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="tr-caption-container" style="float: right;"><tbody><tr><td style="text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEgPkEu657lqRZa_JwU_mm6PG-bSShYtckuGAG9Igu_hYaYeGj4I_fWbhJuu3v_1R5ztDSEQyelpkGjY9zHulxG-GVkqIR8UKwTZ_PyqAZgbze0qHes5TN0ag9Y25Bz1KSqPGFtljwX_3LHuFMYkTIqsnsL5LsVjBNBEaaIaeLXUKJHRlN2mhLCv0JPWhQ/s762/Screenshot%202022-12-02%20225937.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="clear: right; margin-bottom: 1em; margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><img border="0" data-original-height="415" data-original-width="762" height="211" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEgPkEu657lqRZa_JwU_mm6PG-bSShYtckuGAG9Igu_hYaYeGj4I_fWbhJuu3v_1R5ztDSEQyelpkGjY9zHulxG-GVkqIR8UKwTZ_PyqAZgbze0qHes5TN0ag9Y25Bz1KSqPGFtljwX_3LHuFMYkTIqsnsL5LsVjBNBEaaIaeLXUKJHRlN2mhLCv0JPWhQ/w388-h211/Screenshot%202022-12-02%20225937.jpg" width="388" /></a></td></tr><tr><td class="tr-caption" style="text-align: center;"><span style="color: #444444; font-size: x-small;"><b>Unique monthly visits over the past year</b></span></td></tr></tbody></table></span></p><p dir="ltr" style="font-size: 12pt; line-height: 1.2; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-top: 0pt; text-indent: 36pt;"><span style="font-size: 12pt; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; vertical-align: baseline;">William Wilkerson, </span><span style="font-size: 12pt; text-indent: 36pt;">former executive of Trump Media was fired in October after publicly admitting to have filed a whistle-blower complaint with the Securities and Exchange Commission or SEC. He admitted that the company was using up about $1.7 million in cash each month. Truth has recently started running advertisements. This high amount of cash to keep this app running is probably one of the main reasons they finally started to run advertisements. Mr. Wilkerson said that if the deal with Digital World did end up falling through then “a plausible alternative would be for Trump Media to consider a merger with Rumble, a conservative video-sharing alternative to YouTube, which has emerged as Trump Media’s main business partner”(NYTimes). As shared to us through Mr. Wilkerson and a second person with knowledge of Truth Social’s operations about half the people that work at Trump Media’s office in Sarasota Florida, are Rumble employees. Rumble provides most of the backbone that allows Truth Social to function as well as it does. With Rumble having just completed its own merger with SPAC, giving the company roughly $400 million in cash and now being a publicly traded entity they will likely have a merger with Truth Social. </span></p><p dir="ltr" style="font-size: 12pt; line-height: 1.2; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-top: 0pt; text-indent: 36pt;"><span style="font-size: 12pt; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; vertical-align: baseline;">With Elon Musk completing his takeover of Twitter he has promised more lenient policies which could lead to some conservatives leaving Truth and heading back to Twitter. With Kanye West who plans to buy Parler there could be two new competitive apps that will be eye catching to conservatives which is the primary target of Truth Social. Though Truth is still on the rise and with the release of Truth Social on Android devices, it has granted access to a bigger population of people. About 40 percent of Americans use an Android operating system. Truth Social is still a very new platform. They are still trying to figure out their financial situation and they have grown at a faster pace than their competitors did at their age. The true test of what will happen to the company will be within the next couple of months. If they can successfully get funding to keep running then they will have a massive impact on what happens with the presidential election. If they flop and end up shutting down then it will go to show that even with a great amount of people and followers without proper financial backing a company is doomed to fail.</span></p><div><span style="font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; vertical-align: baseline;"><span id="docs-internal-guid-ddd720cc-7fff-a1f1-ed89-48d26f0172e7"><h2 style="font-size: 12pt; line-height: 1.2; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-top: 0pt; text-align: left;"><span style="font-size: 12pt; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; text-decoration-skip-ink: none; vertical-align: baseline;"><b><span style="color: #2b00fe;"><table cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="tr-caption-container" style="float: left;"><tbody><tr><td style="text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEhqBZSSeJBVg6XaC8Dmziyp_96CbHemrQJdwbaAbny4z0X04uW8UOKBDcE3zKkxLDQlmYHRMCqSn9zR-UqOMJ6EQ1njPAU28QDRfMLwH9XPzaUiXZRqpFgVKaBqacfS3ECBa7zkWjPDDPdLxZQ02zRDhSNYsXPSPS9XrdIYSY2Oh41F9DjjDTmTzBxWhw/s596/Chris-Pavlovski-is-the-founder-of-Rumble.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="clear: left; margin-bottom: 1em; margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><img border="0" data-original-height="596" data-original-width="560" height="320" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEhqBZSSeJBVg6XaC8Dmziyp_96CbHemrQJdwbaAbny4z0X04uW8UOKBDcE3zKkxLDQlmYHRMCqSn9zR-UqOMJ6EQ1njPAU28QDRfMLwH9XPzaUiXZRqpFgVKaBqacfS3ECBa7zkWjPDDPdLxZQ02zRDhSNYsXPSPS9XrdIYSY2Oh41F9DjjDTmTzBxWhw/s320/Chris-Pavlovski-is-the-founder-of-Rumble.jpg" width="301" /></a></td></tr><tr><td class="tr-caption" style="text-align: center;"><span style="color: #444444; font-size: x-small;"><b>Chris Pavlovski CEO Rumble</b></span></td></tr></tbody></table>STAKEHOLDERS </span></b></span></h2><p dir="ltr" style="font-size: 12pt; line-height: 1.2; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-top: 0pt; text-indent: 36pt;"><span style="font-size: 12pt; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; vertical-align: baseline;">The primary stakeholders of Truth Social are Chris Pavlovski the founder and CEO of Rumble, who provides technology and services to Trump Media & Technology Group. Another one would be Devin Nunes former congressman and CEO of Truth Social who is the one who has the most to either gain or lose based on how Truth does, another one would be Donald J. Trump former president as the CEO of Trump Media & Technology Group who owns the rights to Truth Social. There are also all the employees that have been hired and all of those who own stock in the company.</span></p><div><span style="font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; vertical-align: baseline;"><span id="docs-internal-guid-db94f5d4-7fff-7800-b66c-cae3bd58fd62"><h2 style="font-size: 12pt; line-height: 1.2; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-top: 0pt; text-align: left;"><span style="font-size: 12pt; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; text-decoration-skip-ink: none; vertical-align: baseline;"><span style="color: #2b00fe;"><b>INDIVIDUALISM</b></span></span></h2><p dir="ltr" style="font-size: 12pt; line-height: 1.2; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-top: 0pt; text-indent: 36pt;"><span style="font-size: 12pt; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; vertical-align: baseline;">From an individualist’s perspective, the actions that Truth Social is performing are exactly their ideals. The reason this is, is because truth social is all about protecting freedom of speech and allowing the users to say whatever they wish without reprimand or punishment. Similar to how other platforms react. Individualism has a couple key values that they follow, they believe that all values are human centered and each individual person is of extreme importance, and all individuals are morally equal so no matter who you are your voice matters, your opinions matter. Nobody should be able to tell you what you can and cannot say. The second amendment of the US constitution is a main value of an individualist. Truth Social markets themselves as protecting the First Amendment through an online platform which is rarely seen on most online platforms because of being forced to follow international laws. Most platforms have to create their sites under laws that appease all countries or risk being blocked in that country. Truth Social is primarily focused in America and marketed in America, plus it was created to follow American laws. This site has the highest amount of public freedom with what they can say. The application is also free to use which means they are not limiting who can use the app. Most apps view the needs of the group over the individual. They market themselves towards a target group which is usually a set age group, though they do have to put into consideration that people of other ages will probably access the site so they have to censor certain topics or discussions. These online platforms can have toxic people which cause issues and they have trolls who try to cause issues for the masses. Which sites try to stop by banning them or deleting what they have said so the masses cannot see what they have said. This app does not do this; they have marketed themselves as a platform where people can say whatever they wish whether that information is true or not. It will not be limited. People can view the site and choose to either believe or not to believe what they have read on their own. Which is exactly what an individualist wants from the world.</span></p><h2 style="font-size: 12pt; line-height: 1.2; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-top: 0pt; text-align: left;"><span style="color: #2b00fe;"><b><span style="font-size: 12pt; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; text-decoration-skip-ink: none; vertical-align: baseline;">UTILITARIANISM</span><span style="font-size: 12pt; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; vertical-align: baseline;"> <table cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="tr-caption-container" style="float: right;"><tbody><tr><td style="text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEjEpng6GvYFUZafadhtPvYtY_gVLpRiXJRSXWy8gp8oodxybpS3GMMO03quf-R2eh_zEliYwqWhkLGicD3Jx2fHCQkFHKAyfj2BpcC-8JWKHEq42mzwIVnEsWX4fPMM2zQyqK2KlIluBXVuZcVD2VRQAKsSaZvNXFXxmti5_OwYhHCvbP1AMlMvJgg-vw/s906/Trump-Truth-Social-800-1.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="clear: right; margin-bottom: 1em; margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><img border="0" data-original-height="500" data-original-width="906" height="208" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEjEpng6GvYFUZafadhtPvYtY_gVLpRiXJRSXWy8gp8oodxybpS3GMMO03quf-R2eh_zEliYwqWhkLGicD3Jx2fHCQkFHKAyfj2BpcC-8JWKHEq42mzwIVnEsWX4fPMM2zQyqK2KlIluBXVuZcVD2VRQAKsSaZvNXFXxmti5_OwYhHCvbP1AMlMvJgg-vw/w377-h208/Trump-Truth-Social-800-1.jpg" width="377" /></a></td></tr><tr><td class="tr-caption" style="text-align: center;"><b><span style="color: #444444; font-size: x-small;">Truth Social Apple download</span></b></td></tr></tbody></table><br /></span></b></span></h2><p dir="ltr" style="font-size: 12pt; line-height: 1.2; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-top: 0pt;"><span style="font-size: 12pt; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; vertical-align: baseline;"><span class="Apple-tab-span" style="white-space: pre;"> </span></span><span style="font-size: 12pt; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; vertical-align: baseline;">From a utilitarian perspective this social network platform can go against what they believe and follow their beliefs. The reason for this seemingly contradiction is because of what their moral beliefs are. They believe morality is meant to foster happiness and pleasure, though they oppose actions that lead to unhappiness. They believe an act is good if it truly benefits the majority. The utilitarian belief states there are always two sides of a story like a coin, so if something promotes happiness but also spreads false information by lying they would see nothing wrong with it because it is spreading a positive image. But if something tells the truth but it causes unhappiness then they would see something wrong with it and disagree with it. What this means for this platform is that if what people talk about on the site leads to happiness for others they will see nothing wrong with what is said whether it's the truth or fiction. Though if it is discriminatory, or racist, or meant to antagonize either a group or everybody then they will be displeased and be against it. So their perspective will not see anything wrong with the app itself but how the users of the app use it. They would see true freedom of speech as a good thing upon people using it to create happiness and not anger. Though this will be difficult as there have been numerous accounts of racism, homophobia and antagonism already posted and spread about the application. This application was used to identify an armed assailant in a FBI office in Cincinnati. “Ricky Shiffer, had posted about the Mar-a-Lago search and told followers to “get whatever you need to be ready for combat.” The same account also appeared to confess to an attack on the F.B.I.”(NYTimes). Users like these would go against the utilitarian perspective through research done by Pew Research, which found some statistics on how users are being treated on the platform, </span></p><p dir="ltr" style="font-size: 12pt; line-height: 1.2; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-left: 36pt; margin-top: 0pt;"><span style="font-size: 12pt; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; vertical-align: baseline;">A large share of those who regularly get news on Truth Social (57%) say they are very or somewhat satisfied with the experience, while 25% are very or somewhat dissatisfied and the rest give a neutral assessment. Additionally, 59% of these news consumers say the discussions they see on the site are mostly friendly, while 16% see mostly unfriendly discussions and 25% say they see about an equal mix of friendly and unfriendly discussions. (PewResearch)</span></p><p dir="ltr" style="font-size: 12pt; line-height: 1.2; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-top: 0pt;"><span style="font-size: 12pt; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; vertical-align: baseline;">These statistics would help a utilitarian to decide whether they agree with the existence of this social network platform or not. Based on these statistics, 41% of consumers are seeing unfriendly discussions so this would go against a utilitarian belief. If that number was zero or at least a lower percent they would probably find this site to be okay and follow their beliefs. That percentage is too high and they would not agree with this even though a majority of users are seeing positive and friendly results. </span></p><h2 style="font-size: 12pt; line-height: 1.2; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-top: 0pt; text-align: left;"><span style="font-size: 12pt; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; text-decoration-skip-ink: none; vertical-align: baseline;"><span style="color: #2b00fe;"><b>KANTIANISM </b></span></span></h2><p dir="ltr" style="font-size: 12pt; line-height: 1.2; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-top: 0pt; text-indent: 36pt;"><span style="font-size: 12pt; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; vertical-align: baseline;">A Kantian thinker would see this site as immoral. The reason for this is because the site does not even try and limit what a person can say or act. People will act in a way that will be immoral to a Kantian thinker. The Kantian Ethics follow very set rules at a moral level to always act rationally. What this means is that they believe all humans have an inherent worth of respect, dignity, and morality. Kantians believe that you should always act in the most rational way and do what is right even if there are negative consequences. But true freedom of speech does not follow this moral because humans by nature are liars. What's worse is that there are people lying and being extremely mean on the internet, the internet brings out the worst in humanity. People are more likely to be rude, mean, and act immoral when they believe that there are no consequences for their actions and that they can do it anonymously. Especially on a social media platform that is all about letting people have free reign and doing and saying as they please. People act in an extremely immoral way when they see no consequences to their actions. The categorical imperative formula of humanity is to “act in such a way that you treat humanity, whether in your own person or in the person of another, always at the same time as an end and never simply as a means” (Kant429). Most humans do not act in this way though, which is why this site will bring out the worst in people and likely become what Twitter used to be before they started to monitor what can and cannot be said on their site. It will become a mosh pit of the internet's very worst and just spiral into madness. This is exactly what the Kantian perspective wants to avoid and is the reason they will not like this social media platform.</span></p><h2 style="font-size: 12pt; line-height: 1.2; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-top: 0pt; text-align: left;"><span style="color: #2b00fe;"><b><span style="font-size: 12pt; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; text-decoration-skip-ink: none; vertical-align: baseline;"><br /><div style="text-align: center;"><b style="font-size: 12pt;"><span style="font-size: 12pt; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; text-decoration-skip-ink: none; vertical-align: baseline;"><span> </span><span> </span><span> </span><span> </span><span> </span><span> </span><span> </span><span> </span><span> </span><span> </span><span> </span><span> </span><span> </span><span> </span><span> </span><span> </span><span> </span><span> </span><span> </span><span> </span><span> </span>VIRTUE THEORY</span><span style="font-size: 12pt; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; vertical-align: baseline;"> </span></b></div></span></b></span></h2><p dir="ltr" style="font-size: 12pt; line-height: 1.2; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-top: 0pt; text-indent: 36pt;"><span style="font-size: 12pt; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; vertical-align: baseline;"><table cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="tr-caption-container" style="float: left;"><tbody><tr><td style="text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEh2Im7Jza0XoVwbYF3VMXWLw1aciwadOZC95yh-73CRBnAPl7_E8UTDglR0QbCBkepmwbMIncuY-H4mCma1C-DlylnKHpcm-7gUyfQJiZ0bu_FSyp4hCCFE6-b3XzxdrgPiiIF5A_PqN94dOAbYSG1MLGhymjOxEGg5PBfXXOZY-Bp4spPwGzOxiNEogg/s480/hqdefault.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="clear: left; margin-bottom: 1em; margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><img border="0" data-original-height="360" data-original-width="480" height="281" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEh2Im7Jza0XoVwbYF3VMXWLw1aciwadOZC95yh-73CRBnAPl7_E8UTDglR0QbCBkepmwbMIncuY-H4mCma1C-DlylnKHpcm-7gUyfQJiZ0bu_FSyp4hCCFE6-b3XzxdrgPiiIF5A_PqN94dOAbYSG1MLGhymjOxEGg5PBfXXOZY-Bp4spPwGzOxiNEogg/w374-h281/hqdefault.jpg" width="374" /></a></td></tr><tr><td class="tr-caption" style="text-align: center;"><span style="color: #444444; font-size: x-small;"><b>Truth Social User Friendly</b></span></td></tr></tbody></table>A virtue theorist would view Truth Social as bad and against their beliefs because Virtue Theory is an ethical mindset that you shouldn’t focus on the rules of the world but on what kind of people we should be, and what ethical examples we should copy. Someone who follows this ethical view before partaking in a particular activity or behavior would more than likely ask themselves whether someone who's engaging in this activity is manifesting appropriate virtues or character traits, is this something a kind, brave, generous, or compassionate person would do? A virtue theorist would view this platform as wrong because the internet is already filled with liars and bad behaviors and now that the lies won’t be stopped or removed it will be difficult to tell the difference between truth and lies. When we lie we create a behavior of lying and that can turn into a habit. The internet makes it easy to do this and turn good honest people into liars for attention or any number of reasons. The virtue theory is all about repetition, to repeat good activities and avoid bad ones. </span></p><p dir="ltr" style="font-size: 12pt; line-height: 1.2; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-left: 36pt; margin-top: 0pt;"><span style="font-size: 12pt; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; vertical-align: baseline;">Through repetition, we acquire the habit of truth-telling. This gives special significance to individual actions. The problem with telling a lie is not (as a utilitarian would say) the damage that it does, nor (as a Kantian would say) the fact that lying amounts to disrespecting someone, but rather that in telling a lie we are likely acting in a way that we do not think is worthy of imitation, and we are contributing to the process of building ourselves into liars (concise Encyclopedia). </span></p><p dir="ltr" style="font-size: 12pt; line-height: 1.2; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-top: 0pt;"><span style="font-size: 12pt; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; vertical-align: baseline;">So when somebody repeatedly tells lies they are more likely to lie and to think it is acceptable. So when there are 1.7 million users on a site that has said that they will not limit speech and stop lies and false information than a virtue theorist will see it as an evil construction and not use it.</span></p><h2 style="font-size: 12pt; line-height: 1.2; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-top: 0pt; text-align: left;"><span style="color: #2b00fe;"><b><span style="font-size: 12pt; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; text-decoration-skip-ink: none; vertical-align: baseline;">JUSTIFICATIED ETHICS EVALUATION</span><span style="font-size: 12pt; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; vertical-align: baseline;"> </span></b></span></h2><p dir="ltr" style="font-size: 12pt; line-height: 1.2; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-top: 0pt;"><span style="font-size: 12pt; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; vertical-align: baseline;"><span class="Apple-tab-span" style="white-space: pre;"> </span></span><span style="font-size: 12pt; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; vertical-align: baseline;">In my opinion the actions and decisions made by this company to make the site completely under the rules of free speech is completely ethical. The site itself and the ideology of it do go against some of the ethical beliefs but to be able to completely follow all four ethical beliefs is very difficult. I do believe that most of the reason why the social media platform fails to be ethical is not the site itself but the people who use the platform. They fail to follow ethical beliefs. The right to free speech is ethical because people should not be limited by their personal beliefs and political views. Everyone should be allowed to say what they believe under the presumption that it is the truth. The fault of this platform is that it incites liars and misinformation like the onion. This site is just 4chan but for politicians and marketed towards conservatives. People may think that they are unethical because of what is said on the sites by the users but the platform in what it is going for is ethical. </span></p><p dir="ltr" style="font-size: 12pt; line-height: 1.2; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-top: 0pt;"><span style="font-size: 12pt; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; vertical-align: baseline;"><span class="Apple-tab-span" style="white-space: pre;"> </span></span><span style="font-size: 12pt; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; vertical-align: baseline;">This site would be considered ethical by all four ethics beliefs if humans were not liars and said harmful things and if people could think in a way that would be kind and nice to everybody. It is not the site that is unethical, it is the user base. To quote Robert Wright, "We are far from the only dishonest species, but we are surely the most dishonest, if only because we do the most talking." (ABC.Net) We as humans like to lie and hurt others. This is why I view the people of this site as unethical and not the concept or the site as unethical.</span></p><h2 style="font-size: 12pt; line-height: 1.2; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-top: 0pt; text-align: left;"><span style="font-size: 12pt; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; vertical-align: baseline;"><b><span style="color: #2b00fe;"><table align="center" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="tr-caption-container" style="float: left; margin-right: 1em; text-align: left;"><tbody><tr><td style="text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEhUHl33dujvFw0vh58w8WXnlUTecq8snHM8FVL1vTCATbkUnMO14OFfcrmrJwk4Lm-K3EoxeQoGyZMcQziNEwvXLyS66mOUcoUdlJ0wp4o-rtS8z5n_OgSn3gdEBRtIMT3RkokJ6vErZ_f8A7JcHyAxydpjmror_n2Un2Wbt9-4mtahBU9LW_gVUibJ6Q/s900/Truth-Social-app-for-android-release-date.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="clear: left; margin-bottom: 1em; margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><img border="0" data-original-height="506" data-original-width="900" height="217" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEhUHl33dujvFw0vh58w8WXnlUTecq8snHM8FVL1vTCATbkUnMO14OFfcrmrJwk4Lm-K3EoxeQoGyZMcQziNEwvXLyS66mOUcoUdlJ0wp4o-rtS8z5n_OgSn3gdEBRtIMT3RkokJ6vErZ_f8A7JcHyAxydpjmror_n2Un2Wbt9-4mtahBU9LW_gVUibJ6Q/w386-h217/Truth-Social-app-for-android-release-date.jpg" width="386" /></a></td></tr><tr><td class="tr-caption" style="text-align: center;"><b><span style="color: #444444; font-size: x-small;">Truth Social now on Android</span></b></td></tr></tbody></table><br /><div style="text-align: center;"><b style="font-size: 12pt;"><span style="color: #2b00fe;">CONCLUSION</span></b></div></span></b></span></h2><p dir="ltr" style="font-size: 12pt; line-height: 1.2; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-top: 0pt;"><span style="font-size: 12pt; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; vertical-align: baseline;"><span class="Apple-tab-span" style="white-space: pre;"> </span></span><span style="font-size: 12pt; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; vertical-align: baseline;">Truth Social, is a platform that was created by Donald J. Trump and it is being used primarily by conservatives, a majority of the users have a positive experience with the platform. The platform is marketed toward conservatives because they are the ones who are affected the most by how other social media platforms censor what is said and how these platforms delete messages or ban members for saying racist, homophobic, transphobic or spreading misinformation. This platform has marketed that they will do none of these things and that you as an individual can say whatever your heart desires. If you wish to lie and spread misinformation, you can. If you wish to be racist, you can, the site will not stop you. The flaw of this site is that they are having financial issues and by most ethical beliefs the users themselves are unethical. This site and its beliefs are not viewed as being unethical. This platform has had one of the fastest growths among social media platforms in recent years and it had a total of 1.7 million unique users access the site in September. This was before Android users had access to the social media platform who make up 40% of US residences. With a greater number of possible users now the site is likely to continue growing and will likely be a platform of free speech with no limitation as long as they can figure out how to gain financial stability.</span></p><p dir="ltr" style="font-size: 12pt; line-height: 1.2; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-top: 0pt;"><span style="font-size: 12pt; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; vertical-align: baseline;"><br /></span></p><h2 style="font-size: 12pt; line-height: 1.2; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-top: 0pt; text-align: left;"><span style="background-color: transparent; font-family: "Times New Roman"; font-size: 12pt; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal; text-decoration-skip-ink: none; vertical-align: baseline; white-space: pre-wrap;"><b><span style="color: #2b00fe;">REFERENCES</span></b></span></h2><p dir="ltr" style="line-height: 1.2; margin-bottom: 12pt; margin-top: 12pt;"><span style="font-size: x-small;"><span style="background-color: transparent; color: black; font-family: "Times New Roman"; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal; font-weight: 400; text-decoration: none; vertical-align: baseline; white-space: pre-wrap;">DesJardins, Joseph R. </span><span style="background-color: transparent; color: black; font-family: "Times New Roman"; font-style: italic; font-variant: normal; font-weight: 400; text-decoration: none; vertical-align: baseline; white-space: pre-wrap;">An Introduction to Business Ethics</span><span style="background-color: transparent; color: black; font-family: "Times New Roman"; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal; font-weight: 400; text-decoration: none; vertical-align: baseline; white-space: pre-wrap;">. McGraw-Hill Education, 2020.</span></span></p><p dir="ltr" style="line-height: 1.2; margin-bottom: 12pt; margin-top: 12pt;"><span style="font-size: x-small;"><span style="background-color: transparent; color: black; font-family: "Times New Roman"; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal; font-weight: 400; text-decoration: none; vertical-align: baseline; white-space: pre-wrap;">“Ethical Theory: Virtue Theory.” </span><span style="background-color: transparent; color: black; font-family: "Times New Roman"; font-style: italic; font-variant: normal; font-weight: 400; text-decoration: none; vertical-align: baseline; white-space: pre-wrap;">The Concise Encyclopedia of Business Ethics</span><span style="background-color: transparent; color: black; font-family: "Times New Roman"; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal; font-weight: 400; text-decoration: none; vertical-align: baseline; white-space: pre-wrap;">, 8 Aug. 2022, </span><a href="https://conciseencyclopedia.org/entries/ethical-theory-virtue-theory/#:~:text=Virtue%20Theory%20is%20an%20ethical,exemplars%20we%20ought%20to%20imitate." style="text-decoration: none;"><span style="background-color: transparent; color: #1155cc; font-family: "Times New Roman"; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal; font-weight: 400; text-decoration-skip-ink: none; text-decoration: underline; vertical-align: baseline; white-space: pre-wrap;">conciseencyclopedia.org/entries/ethical-theory-virtue-theory/#:~:text=Virtue%20Theory%20is%20an%20ethical,exemplars%20we%20ought%20to%20imitate</span></a><span style="background-color: transparent; color: black; font-family: "Times New Roman"; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal; font-weight: 400; text-decoration: none; vertical-align: baseline; white-space: pre-wrap;">.</span></span></p><p dir="ltr" style="line-height: 1.2; margin-bottom: 12pt; margin-top: 12pt;"><span style="font-size: x-small;"><span style="background-color: transparent; color: black; font-family: "Times New Roman"; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal; font-weight: 400; text-decoration: none; vertical-align: baseline; white-space: pre-wrap;">Forman-Katz, Naomi, and Galen Stocking. “Key Facts about Truth Social.” </span><span style="background-color: transparent; color: black; font-family: "Times New Roman"; font-style: italic; font-variant: normal; font-weight: 400; text-decoration: none; vertical-align: baseline; white-space: pre-wrap;">Pew Research Center</span><span style="background-color: transparent; color: black; font-family: "Times New Roman"; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal; font-weight: 400; text-decoration: none; vertical-align: baseline; white-space: pre-wrap;">, Pew Research Center, 2 Dec. 2022, </span><a href="http://www.pewresearch.org/fact-tank/2022/11/18/key-facts-about-truth-social-as-donald-trump-runs-for-u-s-president-again/." style="text-decoration: none;"><span style="background-color: transparent; color: #1155cc; font-family: "Times New Roman"; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal; font-weight: 400; text-decoration-skip-ink: none; text-decoration: underline; vertical-align: baseline; white-space: pre-wrap;">www.pewresearch.org/fact-tank/2022/11/18/key-facts-about-truth-social-as-donald-trump-runs-for-u-s-president-again/.</span></a></span></p><p dir="ltr" style="line-height: 1.2; margin-bottom: 12pt; margin-top: 12pt;"><span style="font-size: x-small;"><span style="background-color: transparent; color: black; font-family: "Times New Roman"; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal; font-weight: 400; text-decoration: none; vertical-align: baseline; white-space: pre-wrap;">Moynihan, Lydia, and Josh Kosman. “CEO behind Trump's Truth Social IPO Begs Small Investors for Support: Source.” </span><span style="background-color: transparent; color: black; font-family: "Times New Roman"; font-style: italic; font-variant: normal; font-weight: 400; text-decoration: none; vertical-align: baseline; white-space: pre-wrap;">New York Post</span><span style="background-color: transparent; color: black; font-family: "Times New Roman"; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal; font-weight: 400; text-decoration: none; vertical-align: baseline; white-space: pre-wrap;">, New York Post, 17 Nov. 2022, </span><a href="http://nypost.com/2022/11/17/ceo-behind-trumps-truth-social-ipo-begs-small-investors-for-support-source/." style="text-decoration: none;"><span style="background-color: transparent; color: #1155cc; font-family: "Times New Roman"; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal; font-weight: 400; text-decoration-skip-ink: none; text-decoration: underline; vertical-align: baseline; white-space: pre-wrap;">nypost.com/2022/11/17/ceo-behind-trumps-truth-social-ipo-begs-small-investors-for-support-source/.</span></a></span></p><p dir="ltr" style="line-height: 1.2; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-top: 0pt;"><span style="background-color: transparent; color: black; font-family: "Times New Roman"; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal; font-weight: 400; text-decoration: none; vertical-align: baseline; white-space: pre-wrap;"><span style="font-size: x-small;">Salazar, Heather. The Business Ethics Case Manual. N.d.</span></span></p><p dir="ltr" style="line-height: 1.2; margin-bottom: 12pt; margin-top: 12pt;"><span style="font-size: x-small;"><span style="background-color: transparent; color: black; font-family: "Times New Roman"; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal; font-weight: 400; text-decoration: none; vertical-align: baseline; white-space: pre-wrap;">Steffens, Maryke. “Natural Born Liars.” </span><span style="background-color: transparent; color: black; font-family: "Times New Roman"; font-style: italic; font-variant: normal; font-weight: 400; text-decoration: none; vertical-align: baseline; white-space: pre-wrap;">ABC (Australian Broadcasting Corporation)</span><span style="background-color: transparent; color: black; font-family: "Times New Roman"; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal; font-weight: 400; text-decoration: none; vertical-align: baseline; white-space: pre-wrap;">, 30 July 2003, </span><a href="http://www.abc.net.au/science/articles/2003/07/31/2857387.htm." style="text-decoration: none;"><span style="background-color: transparent; color: #1155cc; font-family: "Times New Roman"; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal; font-weight: 400; text-decoration-skip-ink: none; text-decoration: underline; vertical-align: baseline; white-space: pre-wrap;">www.abc.net.au/science/articles/2003/07/31/2857387.htm.</span></a><span style="background-color: transparent; color: black; font-family: "Times New Roman"; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal; font-weight: 400; text-decoration: none; vertical-align: baseline; white-space: pre-wrap;"> </span></span></p><p dir="ltr" style="line-height: 1.2; margin-bottom: 12pt; margin-top: 12pt;"><span style="font-size: x-small;"><span style="background-color: transparent; color: black; font-family: "Times New Roman"; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal; font-weight: 400; text-decoration: none; vertical-align: baseline; white-space: pre-wrap;">Thompson, Stuart A., and Matthew Goldstein. “Truth Social's Influence Grows despite Its Business Problems.” </span><span style="background-color: transparent; color: black; font-family: "Times New Roman"; font-style: italic; font-variant: normal; font-weight: 400; text-decoration: none; vertical-align: baseline; white-space: pre-wrap;">The New York Times</span><span style="background-color: transparent; color: black; font-family: "Times New Roman"; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal; font-weight: 400; text-decoration: none; vertical-align: baseline; white-space: pre-wrap;">, The New York Times, 1 Nov. 2022, </span><a href="http://www.nytimes.com/2022/11/01/technology/truth-social-conservative-social-app.html." style="text-decoration: none;"><span style="background-color: transparent; color: #1155cc; font-family: "Times New Roman"; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal; font-weight: 400; text-decoration-skip-ink: none; text-decoration: underline; vertical-align: baseline; white-space: pre-wrap;">www.nytimes.com/2022/11/01/technology/truth-social-conservative-social-app.html.</span></a></span></p><p dir="ltr" style="line-height: 1.2; margin-bottom: 12pt; margin-top: 12pt;"><span style="font-size: x-small;"><span style="background-color: transparent; color: black; font-family: "Times New Roman"; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal; font-weight: 400; text-decoration: none; vertical-align: baseline; white-space: pre-wrap;">Trump Media & Technology Group. “Trump Media & Technology Group Announces Partnership With Rumble Inc..” </span><span style="background-color: transparent; color: black; font-family: "Times New Roman"; font-style: italic; font-variant: normal; font-weight: 400; text-decoration: none; vertical-align: baseline; white-space: pre-wrap;">GlobeNewswire News Room</span><span style="background-color: transparent; color: black; font-family: "Times New Roman"; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal; font-weight: 400; text-decoration: none; vertical-align: baseline; white-space: pre-wrap;">, Trump Media & Technology Group, 14 Dec. 2021, </span><a href="http://www.globenewswire.com/news-release/2021/12/14/2352123/0/en/Trump-Media-Technology-Group-Announces-Partnership-with-Rumble-Inc.html." style="text-decoration: none;"><span style="background-color: transparent; color: #1155cc; font-family: "Times New Roman"; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal; font-weight: 400; text-decoration-skip-ink: none; text-decoration: underline; vertical-align: baseline; white-space: pre-wrap;">www.globenewswire.com/news-release/2021/12/14/2352123/0/en/Trump-Media-Technology-Group-Announces-Partnership-with-Rumble-Inc.html.</span></a></span></p><p dir="ltr" style="line-height: 1.2; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-top: 0pt;"><span style="font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; vertical-align: baseline;"><span id="docs-internal-guid-1d57ed06-7fff-7808-4812-cd90bb258fb5"><span style="font-size: x-small;"><span style="font-style: italic; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; vertical-align: baseline;">Trump’s Truth Social Has Suddenly Shot to the Top of the App Store Rankings</span><span style="font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; vertical-align: baseline;">. </span><a href="http://www.fastcompany.com/90746113/trumps-truth-social-has-suddenly-shot-to-the-top-of-the-app-store-rankings." style="text-decoration-line: none;"><span style="color: #1155cc; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; text-decoration-line: underline; text-decoration-skip-ink: none; vertical-align: baseline;">www.fastcompany.com/90746113/trumps-truth-social-has-suddenly-shot-to-the-top-of-the-app-store-rankings.</span></a><span style="font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; vertical-align: baseline;"> </span></span></span></span></p></span></span></div></span></span></div></span></span></span>Nathanael Hickinghttp://www.blogger.com/profile/03155268826040387028noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-3346515991378239658.post-47699785146838872822022-12-02T19:58:00.022-08:002022-12-10T10:38:28.674-08:00TikTok and the Dangerous Spread of Misinformation(2020-2022)<div class="separator"><p class="MsoNormal" style="clear: right; float: right; font-family: Calibri, sans-serif; line-height: 32px; margin-bottom: 1em; margin-left: 1em; margin-top: 0in;"><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman", serif;"> </span></p></div><p class="MsoNormal" style="font-family: Calibri, sans-serif; margin: 0in;"><b><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman", serif;">Abstract<o:p></o:p></span></b></p><p class="MsoNormal" style="font-family: Calibri, sans-serif; margin: 0in;"><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman", serif;"> TikTok is one of the most popular social media sites on the planet, amassing 1 billion monthly users, (backlinko.com). Unprecedented in its reach and influence, the app has a massive responsibility that no other social media company has had to realize. It’s imperative that the information being shown is the truth, and not manipulated to alter viewers opinions, especially when it comes to topics like politics. This, however, has been the center of massive controversy around the app, with political figures being shown in deepfakes to manipulate their messages, to false information being spread like wildfire. The company responded stating that they would take action to limit this, but despite this the misinformation continues to run rampant. <o:p></o:p></span></p><p class="MsoNormal" style="font-family: Calibri, sans-serif; margin: 0in;"><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman", serif;"> Different ethical theories would take different stances on the misinformation spread on TikTok. For individualists, they would only care that if the company is operating within the law, their main goal should be to optimize profits and wealth of the owners. With this being such a new issue, TikTok operates within the laws, and its reach is spread further with the attention it gains, thus increasing profits, so individualists would not see an issue. Utilitarian’s value the importance of increasing the happiness of people. A utilitarian would take issue with the spread of misinformation, as this can lead to division among most people. Kantians would take the stance that TikTok takes action to prevent the spread of false information and eliminate this issue from the app. Lastly, Virtue Theory would take large issue with TikTok’s lack of trust, good intention, and honesty, considering the never before seen spread of misinformation the app is responsible for. <o:p></o:p></span></p><p class="MsoNormal" style="font-family: Calibri, sans-serif; margin: 0in;"><b><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman", serif;"><br /></span></b></p><p class="MsoNormal" style="font-family: Calibri, sans-serif; margin: 0in;"><b><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman", serif;">Ethics Case Controversy</span></b></p><p class="MsoNormal" style="font-family: Calibri, sans-serif; margin: 0in;"><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman", serif;"> TikTok was released in China in September of 2016, and since then has exploded into the most largely used social media app in the world. It was released worldwide in 2018, but launched for most areas around the globe in 2017. By 2020, the app had over 2 billion users, (bbc.com). <o:p></o:p></span></p><p class="MsoNormal" style="font-family: Calibri, sans-serif; margin: 0in;"><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman", serif;"> One of the biggest accusations against TikTok continues to be against the data the app collects from its users. Being that it is originally a Chinese app that was mainly operated by a Chinese company, (up until a deal put U.S. owners in charge which we’ll talk more about later), many politicians were worried what information was being shared. The main concern was that the app could be used by the communist Chinese party to spy on Americans as well as other countries. India banned TikTok in April of 2019, (bbc.com), however this was later overturned. The U.S. opened a national security review of the app after both Democratic and Republican lawmakers claimed that the app was a threat. Some of the data TikTok collects seems unnecessary and an invasion of privacy. Things like location, phone model, keystroke rhythms when users type, and even what users copy and paste on their phones, both in and out of the app, (bbc.com). Donald Trump, when President, worked to ban TikTok from the Appstore, however clearly this did not happen. TikTok worked with the governments of the world to try to be as transparent as possible. They allowed for experts to examine their alarmingly effective algorithm, as well as clearly stating what data they collect and what they do with that data. Nothing has been found to be an issue, and many other apps such as Reddit, Facebook, and Instagram also collect similar data. <o:p></o:p></span></p><p class="MsoNormal" style="font-family: Calibri, sans-serif; margin: 0in;"><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman", serif;"> This past midterm election, TikTok was the center of a lot of attention, as the app is the foremost platform for people to spread misinformation, attempting to affect political outcomes. This, however, is not a new topic of conversation when it comes to TikTok. Three years ago, TikTok had to create a set of rules regarding posts surrounding election periods, prohibiting campaign advertising, (washingtonpost.com). This does not remove the threat that the app has, especially when it comes to politics. Lindsay Gorman, former senior advisor to the Biden administration, said, “If Russia had owned Facebook during 2016, the amount of influence that Russia could have exerted on American voters might have made that effort much, much more successful. That’s the vulnerability that we’re talking about with TikTok,” (Gorman). <o:p></o:p></span></p><p class="MsoNormal" style="font-family: Calibri, sans-serif; margin: 0in;"></p><table cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="tr-caption-container" style="float: left;"><tbody><tr><td style="text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEikGX-O7ubiGQxqQQ8MRXSvcFIhGk7iGKmr-duheQXiNAcyWMZgh8YzsjQRf3PYEadfoIiEYE_FmNebRTEIjlrCrLa3lOLZERonjt_Zzcbj3iC5MVdO5dR0_IUNbIaVEY-nCVqVh6gq2ku0V0zT-HxxtUY1asFnuLoTDEYYs46elTBUd3pJwOQ50QMMYQ/s299/bums.jpg" style="clear: left; margin-bottom: 1em; margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><img alt="President Biden and Vice President Harris" border="0" data-original-height="168" data-original-width="299" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEikGX-O7ubiGQxqQQ8MRXSvcFIhGk7iGKmr-duheQXiNAcyWMZgh8YzsjQRf3PYEadfoIiEYE_FmNebRTEIjlrCrLa3lOLZERonjt_Zzcbj3iC5MVdO5dR0_IUNbIaVEY-nCVqVh6gq2ku0V0zT-HxxtUY1asFnuLoTDEYYs46elTBUd3pJwOQ50QMMYQ/s16000/bums.jpg" title="President Biden and Vice President Harris" /></a></td></tr><tr><td class="tr-caption" style="text-align: center;">President Biden and Vice President Harris</td></tr></tbody></table><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman", serif;"> A California law in 2019 made it illegal to share deepfake videos of politicians within 60 days of an election, (nytimes.com). TikTok itself stated that it removed videos “that misled users by distorting the truth of events and cause significant harm to the subject of the video, other persons or society.” This past month, during midterm elections, there were many deepfake and manipulative videos posted about political figures such as President Biden, his Vice President Kamala Harris, former President Trump, Nancy Pelosi, and many others. It is impossible for TikTok to narrow down each individual fake video and delete it from the app, and the company has taken a stance to attempt to prevent the spread of misinformation as much as possible. As recently as September 28, 2022, TikTok released an official statement, “An update on our work to counter misinformation.” This includes using fact checkers to analyze posts, improved detection of audio which is known to be misleading, and increased investments into machine learning models, (TikTok.com).<o:p></o:p></span><p></p><p class="MsoNormal" style="font-family: Calibri, sans-serif; margin: 0in;"><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman", serif;"> Although TikTok has never been banned from the Appstore, or removed in any other countries around the world, it still poses a threat, although it has been improving its stance. TikTok is now under control of the U.S. after a deal in September of 2020. Americans now hold 4 of 5 seats on TikTok’s global board, with Bytedance CEO at the 5<sup>th</sup> seat, (cnbc.com). President Trump was responsible for this deal, which gave American companies Oracle and Walmart full control over the app. Despite the continued spread of misinformation, many users are more comfortable with the security of TikTok.<br /><o:p></o:p></span></p><p class="MsoNormal" style="font-family: Calibri, sans-serif; margin: 0in;"><b><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman", serif;"><br /></span></b></p><p class="MsoNormal" style="font-family: Calibri, sans-serif; margin: 0in;"><b><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman", serif;"><br /></span></b></p><p class="MsoNormal" style="font-family: Calibri, sans-serif; margin: 0in;"><b><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman", serif;">Individualism<o:p></o:p></span></b></p><p class="MsoNormal" style="font-family: Calibri, sans-serif; margin: 0in;"><b><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman", serif;"> </span></b><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman", serif;">An Individualist would not see any issue with how TikTok operates its business. Milton Friedman, a Nobel prize winning economist, argued that businesses should not be socially responsible and should only focus on maximizing profits for the owners, and anything else such as spending money on resources, employees, and other things is taking away from the owners, (Salazar 17). The only issue an Individualist would have is that TikTok does invest in ways to solve the issues presented in this case, however the app itself is still a hotspot for misinformation and attention grabbing videos, which ultimately maximize profits. <o:p></o:p></span></p><p class="MsoNormal" style="font-family: Calibri, sans-serif; margin: 0in; text-indent: 0.5in;"><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman", serif;">On top of this, I believe the app would have been removed and there would be no profits had it not cooperated with the government and political officials, and shown an effort to decrease the spread of false information. It could be argued that these steps taken were necessary to continue to increase profits. This ties into the argument made by libertarian philosopher, Tibor Machan. He claims that Friedman’s ideas are “overly restrictive” and “sometimes limits long-term profits by failing to acknowledge that other goals of a business besides profiting may actually help to boost profits,” (Salazar 18). Along with this, as mentioned previously, TikTok does not really need to be concerned with stakeholder groups, which is another common theme in individualist theories. <o:p></o:p></span></p><p class="MsoNormal" style="font-family: Calibri, sans-serif; margin: 0in; text-indent: 0.5in;"><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman", serif;">All things considered, an individualist, depending on their specific stance, would likely not see any issue with how TikTok operates and handles its issues such as misinformation and data collection. <o:p></o:p></span></p><p class="MsoNormal" style="font-family: Calibri, sans-serif; margin: 0in;"><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman", serif;"> </span></p><p class="MsoNormal" style="font-family: Calibri, sans-serif; margin: 0in;"><b><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman", serif;">Utilitarianism<o:p></o:p></span></b></p><p class="MsoNormal" style="font-family: Calibri, sans-serif; margin: 0in;"><b><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman", serif;"> </span></b><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman", serif;"></span></p><table cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="tr-caption-container" style="float: right;"><tbody><tr><td style="text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEgHrFgAHkXScVWNYMFhGc7G4in4Kwsj8KlvTMb5V7RyjxcLXSWk80Wyoq4DEbVbZkmMlWigpzy7h_o6B66kiOW2pDx5Q6tkCCUeqMTMRm1U9dkhOvwwFduacAJ95h9a4Yd5LT-0P1JN7Q13o2R1c-IJ1FpS4JmC-Z-OwL4GU4B90lx5rE7qJ5JMxaDVEg/s227/Nia%20Williams%20bangor.jpg" style="clear: right; margin-bottom: 1em; margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><img border="0" data-original-height="222" data-original-width="227" height="222" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEgHrFgAHkXScVWNYMFhGc7G4in4Kwsj8KlvTMb5V7RyjxcLXSWk80Wyoq4DEbVbZkmMlWigpzy7h_o6B66kiOW2pDx5Q6tkCCUeqMTMRm1U9dkhOvwwFduacAJ95h9a4Yd5LT-0P1JN7Q13o2R1c-IJ1FpS4JmC-Z-OwL4GU4B90lx5rE7qJ5JMxaDVEg/s1600/Nia%20Williams%20bangor.jpg" width="227" /></a></td></tr><tr><td class="tr-caption" style="text-align: center;">Dr. Nia Williams - Bangor University</td></tr></tbody></table><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman", serif;">Utilitarianists believe the most important role a business plays is to improve the happiness of all the customers it affects. There are two ways to interpret this when it comes to TikTok, the short term, and long term. Short term, TikTok does this perfectly. In fact, there is probably no other app on the planet that creates happiness in the way TikTok does. Its short, sub 30 second videos of cute dogs, funny people, and personal interests are an artificial spike of dopamine that keeps users hooked for hours. It’s been accused of being highly addictive for this reason, as stated by Dr. Nia Williams of Bangor University, (bbc.com). This leads us into the long-term effects. Students often say that they must delete TikTok during exams in order to properly focus, (bbc.com). Along with this, getting into the situations described in this case, the misinformation spread on TikTok can cause a lot of argument and hatred between people. I personally have seen arguments started over a TikTok, and I’m sure I’m not alone. Anyone familiar with the app can look at a comment section of a controversial or political TikTok and see what I’m talking about. “Under a utilitarian framework, all beings who are capable of experiencing happiness should be considered when weighing the costs and benefits of actions,” (Salazar 20). Despite the short-term boosts in dopamine, a utilitarian would not be happy with TikTok ethically. These short term, addictive periods of happiness are comparable to drugs or alcohol. They can be detrimental to a person’s wellbeing, draining hours of their time and creating a negative loop. Long-term it can damage grades, relationships, and possibly most importantly, a person’s integrity and ability to think on their own. Overall, profits are most important, and TikTok uses its algorithm and addictive nature to draw in more consumers. <o:p></o:p></span><p></p><p class="MsoNormal" style="font-family: Calibri, sans-serif; margin: 0in;"><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman", serif;"> </span></p><p class="MsoNormal" style="font-family: Calibri, sans-serif; margin: 0in;"><b><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman", serif;">Kantianism<o:p></o:p></span></b></p><p class="MsoNormal" style="font-family: Calibri, sans-serif; margin: 0in;"><b><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman", serif;"> </span></b><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman", serif;">It’s challenging to determine whether TikTok’s controversy is justified under Kantian ethics. “Kantianism does not make decisions based on consequences, but rather on what Kant calls the “Good Will,” (Salazar 21). The “good will” of the company is hard to determine, since they continue to take steps to eliminate misinformation, however misinformation still is all over the app. From my perspective, as long as TikTok continues to take actions that show their disproval of the misinformation plaguing the platform, a Kantian theorist would see no issue with TikTok. Whether their intentions are pure, or just to keep their customers and stakeholders happy, from the outside it is unfair to make assumptions. If their actions show good intentions, it must be assumed their actual intentions align with their actions. </span></p><table cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="tr-caption-container" style="float: right;"><tbody><tr><td style="text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEjDNwH2kWihh66Md16xLtLQyAJtrvOHAlKdzpxmIaXQTeCan77XNLkknylpOY9hPFWAwJAD2W3diNCWKUlVkDyH8jI8wvQeHkmIG9eXeklYgZ2odcmIZFpHt4SIizPvHq0VdGHZ1UzuVlIB8b2Qc0qiePAdZU_Oa87jmrbp7sGkMqlpc4_NdCBVHSR2Rg/s275/Kevin%20Mayer%20TikTok%20CEO.jpg" style="clear: right; margin-bottom: 1em; margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><img border="0" data-original-height="183" data-original-width="275" height="183" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEjDNwH2kWihh66Md16xLtLQyAJtrvOHAlKdzpxmIaXQTeCan77XNLkknylpOY9hPFWAwJAD2W3diNCWKUlVkDyH8jI8wvQeHkmIG9eXeklYgZ2odcmIZFpHt4SIizPvHq0VdGHZ1UzuVlIB8b2Qc0qiePAdZU_Oa87jmrbp7sGkMqlpc4_NdCBVHSR2Rg/s1600/Kevin%20Mayer%20TikTok%20CEO.jpg" width="275" /></a></td></tr><tr><td class="tr-caption" style="text-align: center;">TikTok's new CEO Kevin Mayer<br /></td></tr></tbody></table><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman", serif;"><br /><o:p></o:p></span><p></p><p class="MsoNormal" style="font-family: Calibri, sans-serif; margin: 0in;"><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman", serif;"> In a different perspective, a Kantian also believes that respecting someone’s freedom and rationality is key, (Salazar 22). It could easily be argued that the data TikTok collects does not respect an individual’s freedom and rationality, however upon downloading the app the user is asked to read and agree to all of the apps terms. You are given the choice to allow TikTok to collect this information by using the app, and it is just as easy to delete the app if you don’t want your information collected. It is fully disclosed what information is collected, how it is used, and how the algorithm is used. In my eyes this is not an invasion of privacy or freedom if you are agreeing to these terms and knowingly using the app despite all this. Most people don’t read the terms of service and privacy policy, but this is not the company’s responsibility, and they do their part to inform the customer. <o:p></o:p></span></p><p class="MsoNormal" style="font-family: Calibri, sans-serif; margin: 0in;"><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman", serif;"> This is a tricky one, but TikTok does its part to be transparent with all its customers and stakeholders. It is unfair to assume malicious intent as long as the company cooperates with stakeholders and the law to prove that they are not attempting to invade privacy or encourage the spread of misinformation. The people on the app are the ones posting misinformation, and TikTok is not intended for this purpose according to the company, as proven by the steps they have taken since the issue arose to eliminate it. <o:p></o:p></span></p><p class="MsoNormal" style="font-family: Calibri, sans-serif; margin: 0in;"><b><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman", serif;"> <o:p></o:p></span></b></p><p class="MsoNormal" style="font-family: Calibri, sans-serif; margin: 0in;"><b><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman", serif;">Virtue Theory<o:p></o:p></span></b></p><p class="MsoNormal" style="font-family: Calibri, sans-serif; margin: 0in;"><b><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman", serif;"> </span></b><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman", serif;">Similar to Kantianism, a virtue theorist would want to analyze the intent of the company. However, with a virtue theorist, is much more interested in the character of the company or individuals in charge and how their actions show this. “Is the person getting better in life, flourishing, and fulfilling his or her purpose in life, or not?” (Salazar 22). To interpret this into the perspective of a company, is TikTok striving to make the app better and fulfill the app’s purpose in the world? TikTok started to simply entertain people with its short videos. It gave people an opportunity to showcase their talents and creativity, and potentially make money. Many people who have gained a large following on the app have profited greatly off it, whether directly through their TikToks or through sponsorships garnered from their fame. Although the apps users take advantage of the platform and the freedom it offers, the app has taken the stance that it does not approve of posts that spread misinformation and hatred. With this in mind, it is easy to assume, like mentioned previously, that the company has good intentions and is striving to improve its place in the world. <o:p></o:p></span></p><p class="MsoNormal" style="font-family: Calibri, sans-serif; margin: 0in;"><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman", serif;"> Some of the values that are important when considering virtue theory are honesty, justice, and leadership. These are all values TikTok has displayed throughout the years, working to overcome the controversy it has created. They have been fully transparent with all of its stakeholders, held individuals responsible who have threatened the apps integrity, and paved the way for many people to create a better world. <o:p></o:p></span></p><p class="MsoNormal" style="font-family: Calibri, sans-serif; line-height: 32px; margin: 0in;"><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman", serif;"><br /></span></p><p class="MsoNormal" style="font-family: Calibri, sans-serif; line-height: 32px; margin: 0in;"><b><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman", serif;">References<o:p></o:p></span></b></p><p style="font-family: "Times New Roman", serif; margin-left: 28.35pt; margin-right: 0in; text-indent: -28.35pt;"><span style="font-size: x-small;">Alvarado, Jesus. “Deepfake Videos on TikTok Can Be Fun. They Can Also Be Malicious.”<span class="apple-converted-space"> </span><i>Marketplace</i>, 1 Nov. 2022, https://www.marketplace.org/shows/marketplace-tech/deepfake-videos-on-tiktok-can-be-fun-they-can-also-be-malicious/.<span class="apple-converted-space"> </span><o:p></o:p></span></p><p style="font-family: "Times New Roman", serif; margin-left: 28.35pt; margin-right: 0in; text-indent: -28.35pt;"><span style="font-size: x-small;">Hsu, Tiffany. “Worries Grow That TikTok Is New Home for Manipulated Video and Photos.”<span class="apple-converted-space"> </span><i>The New York Times</i>, The New York Times, 4 Nov. 2022, https://www.nytimes.com/2022/11/04/technology/tiktok-deepfakes-disinformation.html.<span class="apple-converted-space"> <o:p></o:p></span></span></p><p style="font-family: "Times New Roman", serif; margin-left: 28.35pt; margin-right: 0in; text-indent: -28.35pt;"><span style="font-size: x-small;">Kovach, Steve. “Tiktok Deal Puts U.S. Owners in Charge, but Chinese Parent Company Still Has Some Say.”<span class="apple-converted-space"> </span><i>CNBC</i>, CNBC, 22 Sept. 2020, https://www.cnbc.com/2020/09/21/tiktok-deal-splits-control-between-us-and-chinese-owners.html.<span class="apple-converted-space"> <o:p></o:p></span></span></p><p style="font-family: "Times New Roman", serif; margin-left: 0in; margin-right: 0in;"><span style="font-size: x-small;"><span style="font-family: TimesNewRomanPSMT, serif;">Salazar, Heather. </span><i><span style="font-family: TimesNewRomanPS, serif;">The Business Ethics Case Manual</span></i><span style="font-family: TimesNewRomanPSMT, serif;">. n.d. </span><o:p></o:p></span></p><p style="font-family: "Times New Roman", serif; margin-left: 28.35pt; margin-right: 0in; text-indent: -28.35pt;"><span style="font-size: x-small;">Tidy , Joe, and Sophia Smith Galer. “Tiktok: The Story of a Social Media Giant.”<span class="apple-converted-space"> </span><i>BBC News</i>, BBC, 5 Aug. 2020, https://www.bbc.com/news/technology-53640724.<span class="apple-converted-space"> <o:p></o:p></span></span></p><p style="font-family: "Times New Roman", serif; margin-left: 28.35pt; margin-right: 0in; text-indent: -28.35pt;"><span style="font-size: x-small;">“Tiktok User Statistics (2022).”<span class="apple-converted-space"> </span><i>Backlinko</i>, Backlinko, 5 Jan. 2022, https://backlinko.com/tiktok-users#monthly-active-tiktok-users.<span class="apple-converted-space"> <o:p></o:p></span></span></p><p style="font-family: "Times New Roman", serif; margin-left: 28.35pt; margin-right: 0in; text-indent: -28.35pt;"><span style="font-size: x-small;">TikTok. “An Update on Our Work to Counter Misinformation.”<span class="apple-converted-space"> </span><i>Newsroom</i>, TikTok, 16 Aug. 2019, https://newsroom.tiktok.com/en-us/an-update-on-our-work-to-counter-misinformation.<span class="apple-converted-space"> </span><o:p></o:p></span></p><p style="font-family: "Times New Roman", serif; margin-left: 28.35pt; margin-right: 0in; text-indent: -28.35pt;"><span style="font-size: x-small;"><span style="text-indent: -28.35pt;">Tucker, Emma. “TikTok's Search Engine Repeatedly Delivers Misinformation to Its Majority-Young User Base, Report Says | CNN Business.”</span><span class="apple-converted-space" style="text-indent: -28.35pt;"> </span><i style="text-indent: -28.35pt;">CNN</i><span style="text-indent: -28.35pt;">, Cable News Network, 18 Sept. 2022,</span><span style="text-indent: -28.35pt;"> </span><a href="https://www.cnn.com/2022/09/18/business/tiktok-search-engine-misinformation" style="color: #954f72; text-indent: -28.35pt;">https://www.cnn.com/2022/09/18/business/tiktok-search-engine-misinformation</a><span style="text-indent: -28.35pt;">.</span><span class="apple-converted-space" style="text-indent: -28.35pt;"> </span></span></p><p style="font-family: "Times New Roman", serif; margin-left: 28.35pt; margin-right: 0in; text-indent: -28.35pt;"><span style="font-size: x-small;">Zakrzewski, Cat, et al. “As Midterms Loom, Tiktok Faces Its next Political Test.”<span class="apple-converted-space"> </span><i>The Washington Post</i>, WP Company, 2 Nov. 2022, https://www.washingtonpost.com/technology/2022/10/31/tiktok-faces-2022-midterm-elections/.<span class="apple-converted-space"> </span></span><o:p></o:p></p>Sam Mitchellhttp://www.blogger.com/profile/17691121046825559320noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-3346515991378239658.post-90543031303532807792022-12-02T19:50:00.005-08:002022-12-02T19:50:32.236-08:00Youtube Misinformation and 2020 Election Aftermath<h2 style="text-align: left;">Controversy</h2><div style="text-align: left;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEhnzstCALqFLNWpR0_AAikmxjAWPTyfqhhBtpLbnYy3DVkgdzPqkF7YhSKciihbOY_HTBWSBdKXqO3pqSbAcdD1JZOVRFaxWjAODDK9q-UAKdqpIQkWltciNnU0rKxMpHm9CrCDs0vN9-0dyIENCTDNKTdl9tYB7LMPVZ2dwbX42zLhjNQCx17zgw/s976/social-image.png" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img border="0" data-original-height="549" data-original-width="976" height="180" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEhnzstCALqFLNWpR0_AAikmxjAWPTyfqhhBtpLbnYy3DVkgdzPqkF7YhSKciihbOY_HTBWSBdKXqO3pqSbAcdD1JZOVRFaxWjAODDK9q-UAKdqpIQkWltciNnU0rKxMpHm9CrCDs0vN9-0dyIENCTDNKTdl9tYB7LMPVZ2dwbX42zLhjNQCx17zgw/s320/social-image.png" width="320" /></a> </div><div style="text-align: left;">(2020 Election Candidates, Joe Biden & Donald Trump)</div><div><br /></div><div style="text-align: left;"><span> </span>Before the 2020 election occurred on November 3rd there was an uproar sweeping the nation that wreaked havoc across the internet, more specifically across the multi-billion dollar platform Youtube. It all started when months prior to the election videos were posted that entailed false narratives about the upcoming election. Spreading lies that attempted to belittle the candidates created a controversy that brought Youtube front and center for everyone to see how easily misinformation can spread even on one of the world's biggest platforms. With a whopping 2.6 billion monthly users, this misinformation spread across the globe to all types of individuals. The main issue for YouTube was that people claimed they were recommended fraudulent election videos from YouTube as they were watching and scrolling on the platform. The problem with this is that no one knows whether this was on purpose or if it was the YouTube algorithm put in place to provide users videos that they may enjoy. Either way YouTube is at fault in some way. </div><div style="text-align: left;"><span> </span>This misinformation continued throughout the 2020 election and turned into a small part of the population believing that Donald Trump won the election instead of Joe Biden who actually won the election both in the popular vote and electoral vote. This created another uproar that swept across the nation causing misinformation to spread like wildfire across all platforms, especially Youtube. Youtube content creators such as Alex Jones of Info Wars and Enrique Tarrio of the Proud Boys were one of the biggest instigators of misinformation. Tarrio and multiple others apart of the Proud Boys channel later were indicted on charges of seditious conspiracy for allegedly planning the January 6th, 2021 attack on the capitol. This attack on the capitol came after many anti-government groups did not accept Joe Biden as their president and decided to take matters into their own hands. This again caused an uproar across the country that created more misinformation that spread across all platforms, especially Youtube. There were many theories as to who these attackers actually were and why they decided to storm the capital but at the end of the day they were right-wing militias and extremist groups that had huge support for Donald Trump.</div><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEgxEQ-W9mU00w3nZf-vkSd5z4_h9vfPPIvuNCpL9hOzcqoyK7gl0FfNp3PL_VOOhPPgFIHuaTMFkXN2NA7pmscby2IOllTG8Iqt8JdTw8fCNPt55Lpi6bobveaQg79SCpR_Eb5Noif6ObREBnV4VJkp54HJFhnKbNJjmhDrwjdRKDiYYW7LPju3uA/s259/capitol.jpeg" style="clear: left; float: left; margin-bottom: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img border="0" data-original-height="194" data-original-width="259" height="194" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEgxEQ-W9mU00w3nZf-vkSd5z4_h9vfPPIvuNCpL9hOzcqoyK7gl0FfNp3PL_VOOhPPgFIHuaTMFkXN2NA7pmscby2IOllTG8Iqt8JdTw8fCNPt55Lpi6bobveaQg79SCpR_Eb5Noif6ObREBnV4VJkp54HJFhnKbNJjmhDrwjdRKDiYYW7LPju3uA/s1600/capitol.jpeg" width="259" /></a></div><br /><div style="text-align: left;"><br /></div><div style="text-align: left;"><br /></div><h2 style="text-align: left;"><br /></h2><h2 style="text-align: left;"><br /></h2><div style="text-align: left;">(US Capitol Rioters)</div><div style="text-align: left;"><br /></div><h2 style="text-align: left;">Youtube's Response</h2><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: left;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEgSXGjogDs-OKHqB7tfnYLaCNQ3pOGqGoA0Sdasdm2LjuCnS1zof2mlH4W1YVIGbj93MzPyjolTkb5wpHiIY6aVXoE5Xcq4sS2rs7OhO7m0_ZqKR0DEDE0BMNjPI2tPaZ0_zA7N60DN4QHlAmnWKlathDP6cY2ITVh8sQ_rd46YDnRW7vzv1sXOJA/s225/youtube.png" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img border="0" data-original-height="225" data-original-width="225" height="225" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEgSXGjogDs-OKHqB7tfnYLaCNQ3pOGqGoA0Sdasdm2LjuCnS1zof2mlH4W1YVIGbj93MzPyjolTkb5wpHiIY6aVXoE5Xcq4sS2rs7OhO7m0_ZqKR0DEDE0BMNjPI2tPaZ0_zA7N60DN4QHlAmnWKlathDP6cY2ITVh8sQ_rd46YDnRW7vzv1sXOJA/s1600/youtube.png" width="225" /></a></div><div><span> </span>In response to the problematic videos promoting nonsense on the 2020 election, Youtube tried to take down as many videos as possible. A writer by the name of Michael Posner said that Youtube, "removed tens of thousands of videos for violating our U.S. elections-related policies, the majority before hitting 100 views. In addition to this their systems actively point to high-authority channels and limit the spread of harmful misinformation for election-related topics." Along with this there was an increase in jobs for moderators and reviewers to help Youtube take down misinformation across its platform. </div><div><span> </span>Many nations called for more action from Youtube for their misinformation problem. More than 80+ groups from 40+ countries sent a letter to Youtube in regard to their misinformation policies and issues. In an article written by Daniel Milmo, Elena Hernandez who is a Youtube spokesperson stated that, "Over the years, we've invested heavily in policies and products in all countries we operate to connect people to authoritative content, reduce the spread of borderline misinformation, and remove violative videos, we've seen important progress, with keeping consumption of recommended borderline misinformation significantly below 1% of all views on Youtube, and only about 0.21% of all views are of violative content that we later remove. We're always looking for meaningful ways to improve and will continue to strengthen our work with the fact checking community." As you can see, Youtube has made a massive effort to control what is put out on the platform but as everything has its flaws, Youtube is no outlier. </div><div><br /></div><h2 style="text-align: left;">2022 Midterm Election</h2><div><span><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEiVGR-v9z6YTOZn4mXQPpia6vpGS7j0X53EgIWS71Ttoyq4L74Jct9qz73bC4LrqwL0FYkcHU2c9gMTj-psLdd7erDEUlNf0L8v51bS6q5srH1eYTXfQ2JKqmGBTFosGzA7p57Gqm8f3HYCBGHOU9i0bXuwr0aAfb49KySuLBpmxPyWQS3Z5gneOA/s300/midterm.jpeg" style="clear: left; float: left; margin-bottom: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img border="0" data-original-height="168" data-original-width="300" height="168" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEiVGR-v9z6YTOZn4mXQPpia6vpGS7j0X53EgIWS71Ttoyq4L74Jct9qz73bC4LrqwL0FYkcHU2c9gMTj-psLdd7erDEUlNf0L8v51bS6q5srH1eYTXfQ2JKqmGBTFosGzA7p57Gqm8f3HYCBGHOU9i0bXuwr0aAfb49KySuLBpmxPyWQS3Z5gneOA/s1600/midterm.jpeg" width="300" /></a></div><br /> </span><br /></div><div><span><br /></span></div><div><span><br /></span></div><div><span><br /></span></div><div><span><br /></span></div><div><span><br /></span></div><div><span><br /></span></div><div><span><br /></span></div><div><br /></div><div><br /></div><div><span> After all the controversy preceding and following the 2020 presidential election there was much concern if the 2022 midterm election would have the same issues. Youtube pledged that they would be very aggressive when it comes to taking down videos or anything on their platform that promoted false information about the midterm election. They did an overall good job with this but with the average of 500 hours posted per minute on YouTube there was definitely going to be some misinformation that got past the moderators. </span></div><div><span><br /></span></div><h2 style="text-align: left;"><span>Conclusion</span></h2><div><span><span> Youtube is one of the largest companies in the world that contributes daily to society and the individuals that use it. They have tried what seems to be their best to stop the spread and use of misinformation on sensitive topics that affect the world and have done a decent job overall but there will always be some type of misinformation across the world especially on the Youtube's platform since it is one of the largest and fastest growing companies at the moment. Although they have done a good job I do believe that they can do better with this matter. Whether it be hiring more moderators to review content or creating an AI system that fact checks everything before someone can post a video. Anything they can do to stop the </span>spread of misinformation will be helpful in many ways.</span></div><div><span><div><span data-canva-clipboard="ewAiAGEAIgA6ADUALAAiAGQAIgA6ACIAQgAiACwAIgBoACIAOgAiAHcAdwB3AC4AYwBhAG4AdgBhAC4AYwBvAG0AIgAsACIAYwAiADoAIgBEAEEARgBTAHQAUgBwAFAAdABTAGMAIgAsACIAaQAiADoAIgA0AE0ASABjAFAANgAyAHAAeAByAHYAVABhAEoASQBRADcAWQBmADkAZwBnACIALAAiAGIAIgA6ADEANgA3ADAAMAAzADMAOAA0ADgANgAwADcALAAiAEEAPwAiADoAIgBBACIALAAiAEEAIgA6AHsAIgBDACIAOgAiACMAZgA1AGYANABmADQAIgB9ACwAIgBCACIAOgA4ADAAMAAsACIAQwAiADoAMgAwADAAMAB9AA=="></span></div><div><span data-canva-clipboard="ewAiAGEAIgA6ADUALAAiAGQAIgA6ACIAQgAiACwAIgBoACIAOgAiAHcAdwB3AC4AYwBhAG4AdgBhAC4AYwBvAG0AIgAsACIAYwAiADoAIgBEAEEARgBTAHQAUgBwAFAAdABTAGMAIgAsACIAaQAiADoAIgA0AE0ASABjAFAANgAyAHAAeAByAHYAVABhAEoASQBRADcAWQBmADkAZwBnACIALAAiAGIAIgA6ADEANgA3ADAAMAAzADMAOAA0ADgANgAwADcALAAiAEEAPwAiADoAIgBBACIALAAiAEEAIgA6AHsAIgBDACIAOgAiACMAZgA1AGYANABmADQAIgB9ACwAIgBCACIAOgA4ADAAMAAsACIAQwAiADoAMgAwADAAMAB9AA=="></span></div><br /></span></div><div><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEgREJKyCgxvc567pTprsEAeOunNqLO_zrUmpna5xsbtzrLHMtKNuArNJKzsUJp_kRQa0xhcvN962YLS45pDE2epVR2Gv2aErsm75UyIqje4gdaWotM7TJB6SLVCVUcPOWlaLaK_SRwNzS2v4dgzaL4cjttQnsMjfDXhCUQe0Dy0fbjG4Y-lxod4DQ/s2000/Youtube%20Misinformation.png" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img border="0" data-original-height="2000" data-original-width="800" height="641" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEgREJKyCgxvc567pTprsEAeOunNqLO_zrUmpna5xsbtzrLHMtKNuArNJKzsUJp_kRQa0xhcvN962YLS45pDE2epVR2Gv2aErsm75UyIqje4gdaWotM7TJB6SLVCVUcPOWlaLaK_SRwNzS2v4dgzaL4cjttQnsMjfDXhCUQe0Dy0fbjG4Y-lxod4DQ/w256-h641/Youtube%20Misinformation.png" width="256" /></a></div><div><br /></div><h1 style="text-align: left;">References </h1></div><div><span><p class="MsoNormal" style="font-family: Calibri, sans-serif; line-height: 32px; margin: 0in 0in 0in 0.5in; text-indent: -0.5in;"><i><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman", serif;">AP News</span></i><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman", serif;">, https://www.google.com/url?sa=i&url=https%3A%2F%2Fapnews.com%2Farticle%2Fprisons-arizona-capitol-siege-5c9ebf384bf936403d42e1a453c89153&psig=AOvVaw0aJHU6XdbX3UKR3BuVnLfH&ust=1670125618114000&source=images&cd=vfe&ved=0CBAQjhxqFwoTCKjlt_TE3PsCFQAAAAAdAAAAABAE.</span><o:p></o:p></p><p class="MsoNormal" style="font-family: Calibri, sans-serif; line-height: 32px; margin: 0in 0in 0in 0.5in; text-indent: -0.5in;"><i><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman", serif;">BBC News</span></i><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman", serif;">, https://www.google.com/url?sa=i&url=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.bbc.com%2Fnews%2Felection%2Fus2020%2Fresults&psig=AOvVaw38TjcaTm-ck_0WbRya_uBP&ust=1670125674594000&source=images&cd=vfe&ved=0CBAQjhxqFwoTCKiBtI7F3PsCFQAAAAAdAAAAABAE.</span><o:p></o:p></p><p class="MsoNormal" style="font-family: Calibri, sans-serif; line-height: 32px; margin: 0in 0in 0in 0.5in; text-indent: -0.5in;"><i><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman", serif;">BBC</span></i><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman", serif;">, https://www.google.com/url?sa=i&url=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.bbc.com%2Fnews%2Fworld-us-canada-61274333&psig=AOvVaw3x8hO8QhvYKTSZSjdxnjKy&ust=1670125396111000&source=images&cd=vfe&ved=0CBAQjhxqFwoTCKjU2onE3PsCFQAAAAAdAAAAABAE.</span><o:p></o:p></p><p class="MsoNormal" style="font-family: Calibri, sans-serif; line-height: 32px; margin: 0in 0in 0in 0.5in; text-indent: -0.5in;"><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman", serif;">Forristal, Lauren. “Google, YouTube Outline Plans for the US Midterm Elections.” <i>TechCrunch</i>, 1 Sept. 2022, https://techcrunch.com/2022/09/01/google-youtube-midterm-elections-us-misinformation/?guccounter=1.</span><o:p></o:p></p><p class="MsoNormal" style="font-family: Calibri, sans-serif; line-height: 32px; margin: 0in 0in 0in 0.5in; text-indent: -0.5in;"><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman", serif;">Grant, Nico. “YouTube May Have Misinformation Blind Spots, Researchers Say.” <i>The New York Times</i>, The New York Times, 5 Nov. 2022, https://www.nytimes.com/2022/11/05/technology/youtube-misinformation.html. </span><o:p></o:p></p><p class="MsoNormal" style="font-family: Calibri, sans-serif; line-height: 32px; margin: 0in 0in 0in 0.5in; text-indent: -0.5in;"><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman", serif;">Martin, Rachel. “Exploring YouTube and the Spread of Disinformation.” <i>NPR</i>, NPR, 13 Apr. 2021, https://www.npr.org/2021/04/13/986678544/exploring-youtube-and-the-spread-of-disinformation.</span><o:p></o:p></p><p class="MsoNormal" style="font-family: Calibri, sans-serif; line-height: 32px; margin: 0in 0in 0in 0.5in; text-indent: -0.5in;"><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman", serif;">Posner, Michael. “YouTube Amplifies Misinformation and Hatred, but Here's What We Can Do about It.” <i>Forbes</i>, Forbes Magazine, 21 June 2022, https://www.forbes.com/sites/michaelposner/2022/06/17/youtube-amplifies-misinformation-and-hatred-but-heres-what-we-can-do-about-it/?sh=6868f4fe1592.</span><o:p></o:p></p><p class="MsoNormal" style="font-family: Calibri, sans-serif; line-height: 32px; margin: 0in 0in 0in 0.5in; text-indent: -0.5in;"><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman", serif;">“YouTube Is Major Conduit of Fake News, Factcheckers Say.” <i>The Guardian</i>, Guardian News and Media, 12 Jan. 2022, https://www.theguardian.com/technology/2022/jan/12/youtube-is-major-conduit-of-fake-news-factcheckers-say.</span><o:p></o:p></p><p class="MsoNormal" style="font-family: Calibri, sans-serif; line-height: 32px; margin: 0in 0in 0in 0.5in; text-indent: -0.5in;"><i><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman", serif;">Youtube</span></i><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman", serif;">, https://www.google.com/url?sa=i&url=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.youtube.com%2F&psig=AOvVaw1rOVbQMRrtWY8oYrqJVI-Q&ust=1670125543908000&source=images&cd=vfe&ved=0CBAQjhxqFwoTCMi5v9DE3PsCFQAAAAAdAAAAABAE.</span><o:p></o:p></p></span></div>Brian Bertuciohttp://www.blogger.com/profile/05758209882134585528noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-3346515991378239658.post-82708738312300462852022-12-02T19:16:00.000-08:002022-12-02T19:16:19.308-08:00FTX: Mishandling of Funds (2022)<h1 style="line-height: normal; text-align: right;"><table cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="tr-caption-container" style="float: left;"><tbody><tr><td style="text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEjbdLlJcjJXsJF9i10smsjeIWGVJemCMFnQp_8YZav8pe-VBSY08l24lRDopF8gA4IAk_x-PSYlQmYFOkQoUq7MU-K3WR_9fzerSA6os8YzSS-MRYSlx0ulAAGyAmIRbfeSF4_6Q5VG6UrxpCTqhHXXExq6cTFuziz6ohyEGLSvh0Vrk3WGJvR_QnG9IA/s500/FTX-Logo.png" imageanchor="1" style="clear: left; margin-bottom: 1em; margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><img border="0" data-original-height="500" data-original-width="500" height="177" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEjbdLlJcjJXsJF9i10smsjeIWGVJemCMFnQp_8YZav8pe-VBSY08l24lRDopF8gA4IAk_x-PSYlQmYFOkQoUq7MU-K3WR_9fzerSA6os8YzSS-MRYSlx0ulAAGyAmIRbfeSF4_6Q5VG6UrxpCTqhHXXExq6cTFuziz6ohyEGLSvh0Vrk3WGJvR_QnG9IA/w177-h177/FTX-Logo.png" width="177" /></a></td></tr><tr><td class="tr-caption" style="text-align: center;"><span style="font-size: x-small;">FTX Logo (17)</span></td></tr></tbody></table><b style="text-align: left;"><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman",serif;"><span style="font-size: large;"><br /></span></span></b></h1><h1 style="line-height: normal; text-align: justify;"><b style="text-align: left;"><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman",serif;"><span style="font-size: large;">Abstract:</span><span style="mso-tab-count: 1;"><span style="font-size: large;"> </span><span style="font-size: 12pt;"> </span></span></span></b></h1><p class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; text-indent: 0.5in;"><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman",serif; font-size: 12pt;">It’s a quiet
morning in 1945, George Bailey opens Bailey Brother’s Bank and Loan for the day
ahead. All is well until the unexpected happened. Swarms of customers come
running into the bank demanding their money to be withdrawn from the bank.
George is stunned, he doesn’t have enough money in the bank to pay out to
everyone. What’s happened is a classic bank run, something everyone in the
industry dreads. Although, these events are entirely fictional taking place in
Christmas classic “It’s a Wonderful Life”, the threat of a bank run is very
real. On November 6th, 2022, the unexpected happened and crypto exchange giant FTX’s
coin “FTT” lost 80% of its value causing a six-billion-dollar bank run on the
firm, crippling it in the process. This paper will delve into if FTX operated
in an ethical manner, using four different principles: Individualism, Utilitarianism,
Kantianism, and Virtue Theory.</span></p><p class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; text-indent: 0.5in;"><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman",serif; font-size: 12pt;"><br /></span></p><p class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal;"><b><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman",serif;"><span style="font-size: large;">Background of FTX:</span><o:p style="font-size: 12pt;"></o:p></span></b></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal;"><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman",serif; font-size: 12pt;"><span style="mso-tab-count: 1;"> </span>FTX’s
journey from a small exchange within a separate finance company, Alameda
Research to the fastest growing crypto exchange in the world to a smoking wreck
is rocky one. Founded in 2019 by Sam Bankman-Fried, FTX began its slow climb as
a subsidiary of Alameda Research, an investment firm. Sam, the founder, and CEO
got to work, raising capital for his fledgling company through venture
capitalists. By July of 2020 FTX was valued at eighteen billion dollars, fast
forward two years, thirty-two billion dollars. One important early investor in
the company was Binance CEO, Changpeng Zhao. He bought a twenty percent stake
in the company. From its founding to August of 2022, FTX grew exponentially. In
March of 2021, FTX bought the naming rights to the Miami Heat’s stadium. By
2022 it was the second biggest crypto currency exchange in the world, only
surpasses by Changpeng Zhao’s company, Binance. Importantly, FTX bought back
the share’s Zhao purchased using a crypto currency they created, FTT. FTT is
used by FTX to fulfill customer’s exchanges of currency on their platform. As
an exchange FTX’s business model is to serve as a middleman between one form of
currency and another. Simply put, “A cryptocurrency exchange is simply where
buyers and sellers can trade crypto. If you want to trade crypto, you need to
do it via a crypto exchange” (10). This leads to the events that took place in November
2022. <o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal;"><b><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman",serif;"><span style="font-size: large;">The controversy:</span><o:p style="font-size: 12pt;"></o:p></span></b></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal;"><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman",serif; font-size: 12pt;"><span style="mso-tab-count: 1;"> </span>In
the early hours of November 2nd, 2022, CoinDesk a popular website that covers
the cryptocurrency market released an article on Alameda Research the company
from which FTX was founded. Within the article it was revealed that Alameda
Research held nearly fifteen billion dollars’ worth of assets. Of that fifteen
billion about eight billion dollars was in FTX’s coin FTT. As another crypto
currency CEO and expert Cory Klippsten puts it, “It’s fascinating to see that
the majority of the </span><a href="https://www.lawinsider.com/dictionary/net-equity-value"><span color="windowtext" style="font-family: "Times New Roman",serif; font-size: 12pt; text-decoration: none; text-underline: none;">net equity</span></a><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman",serif; font-size: 12pt;"> in the
Alameda business is actually FTX’s own centrally controlled and
printed-out-of-thin-air token)(2). What is important about this revelation is
that according to FTX themselves, there is only five billion dollars’ worth of
FTT coin in circulation, yet on Alameda’s books they had eight billion dollars’
worth of the coin. Zhao who was previously paid FTT for his twenty percent of
FTX announced his was selling all FTT in his company’s possession not long
after the article came out. The combination of the imbalances on the sheets and
Zhao’s announcement caused the value of FTT to plummet, losing nearly eighty
percent of its value in the following days of the article being released. On
top of that, Sam Bankman- Fried’s FTX had more to worry about, a classic bank
run. The New York times described the event as a, “ sudden cataclysm [that]
prompted comparisons to the collapse of Lehman Brothers, the investment bank
whose implosion helped set off the </span><a href="https://www.nytimes.com/2008/09/18/business/18markets.html"><span color="windowtext" style="font-family: "Times New Roman",serif; font-size: 12pt; text-decoration: none; text-underline: none;">2008 financial crisis</span></a><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman",serif; font-size: 12pt;">.”(12). Much like
the big banks going under in 2008 crisis, the crypto giant looked for a
bailout. This bailout tentatively came from Changpeng Zhao and Binance. Zhao,
Binance’s CEO went to twitter to say, “This afternoon, FTX asked for our help.
There is a significant liquidity crunch. To protect users, we signed a
non-binding LOI, intending to fully acquire </span><a href="https://t.co/BGtFlCmLXB" target="_blank"><span color="windowtext" style="font-family: "Times New Roman",serif; font-size: 12pt; text-decoration: none; text-underline: none;">http://FTX.com</span></a><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman",serif; font-size: 12pt;">” (14). He also added that the company
would be doing its due diligence into FTX before finalizing any deal. It was a
good thing that Zhao did so, as what was uncovered was that FTX had been
mishandling funds associated with customers. According to Fox Business an FTX
lawyer was quoted to saying, “Bankman<span style="background: white; color: #222222;">-Fried used the firm as his "personal fiefdom". (13). Unsurprisingly,
the deal between FTX and Binance fell through, and on November 11<sup>th</sup>
FTX, along with Alameda Research filed for bankruptcy. Bankman-Fried went to
twitter to say,” </span><span style="background: white; color: #0f1419;">I'm sorry.
That's the biggest thing. I f**ked up and should have done better.” (3). Following
this announcement Sam stepped down from CEO of FTX and <o:p></o:p></span></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal;"><span style="background: white; color: #0f1419; font-family: "Times New Roman",serif; font-size: 12pt;">John J. Ray
III who handled Enron’s bankruptcy in 2001 stepped up to helm the company. John
after looking at the company financials stated, “Never</span><span style="background: white; color: #222222; font-family: "Times New Roman",serif; font-size: 12pt;"> in my career have I seen such a complete failure of
corporate controls and such a complete absence of trustworthy financial
information as occurred here” (Fox) As of the writing of this paper, FTX owes,
“</span><span style="background: white; color: #101010; font-family: "Times New Roman",serif; font-size: 12pt;">its creditors at least $3.1 billion, according
to court documents filed by the bankrupt cryptocurrency exchange” (5).<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal;"><b><span style="background: white; color: #101010; font-family: "Times New Roman",serif;"><span style="font-size: large;">Stakeholders:</span><o:p style="font-size: 12pt;"></o:p></span></b></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal;"></p><span style="background: white; color: #101010; font-family: "Times New Roman",serif; font-size: 12pt;">Sam
Bankman-Fried: CEO and founder of FTX. Controlled FTX during its downfall. Lost
a large majority of his net worth with the collapse of his company. <o:p></o:p></span><p></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal;"><table cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="tr-caption-container" style="float: right;"><tbody><tr><td style="text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEiBsAdU4H72obMfQ-SHfIPe0gi0maIYyZioGV2XUAdqYtB2KEGGaWz22OjFthcI_7oCqDh57gs53D4PNRz-FSl8YywoXE4ggtZFUcgL10KmOWEPuEmPlPxd5KNXuBdSTEo67biSfcEXR6JnIQhXVVRkmvpQr3y4SzaeX8Mh07gx5ZvKqTofLJPpLDX-ag/s2000/1.png" imageanchor="1" style="clear: right; margin-bottom: 1em; margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><img border="0" data-original-height="2000" data-original-width="800" height="846" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEiBsAdU4H72obMfQ-SHfIPe0gi0maIYyZioGV2XUAdqYtB2KEGGaWz22OjFthcI_7oCqDh57gs53D4PNRz-FSl8YywoXE4ggtZFUcgL10KmOWEPuEmPlPxd5KNXuBdSTEo67biSfcEXR6JnIQhXVVRkmvpQr3y4SzaeX8Mh07gx5ZvKqTofLJPpLDX-ag/w339-h846/1.png" width="339" /></a></td></tr><tr><td class="tr-caption" style="text-align: center;"><span style="font-size: x-small;">Timeline of Events</span></td></tr></tbody></table><span style="background: white; color: #101010; font-family: "Times New Roman",serif; font-size: x-small;"><table align="center" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="tr-caption-container" style="float: left; margin-right: 1em; text-align: left;"><tbody><tr><td style="text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEiZZKNMcp3NCk2zSK2lgsLNfwgAygfTG1wwnL5SRRtCe0jBvK269e0uy1SHofFpSIOJUNShM7b-w7HNbGMb6CdaKn3cLfwhXBWkl4rCy9uDf2_WPD6uz07aOrdszLUOanJgHD_xfikcmpxFBIFp9oMeakliqR5Z_iBfiFkRN-1nfdq9lQSdjKxKYrV_Pw/s1600/sam-bankman-fried-dealbook.jpg" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><img border="0" data-original-height="900" data-original-width="1600" height="141" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEiZZKNMcp3NCk2zSK2lgsLNfwgAygfTG1wwnL5SRRtCe0jBvK269e0uy1SHofFpSIOJUNShM7b-w7HNbGMb6CdaKn3cLfwhXBWkl4rCy9uDf2_WPD6uz07aOrdszLUOanJgHD_xfikcmpxFBIFp9oMeakliqR5Z_iBfiFkRN-1nfdq9lQSdjKxKYrV_Pw/w200-h141/sam-bankman-fried-dealbook.jpg" width="200" /></a></td></tr><tr><td class="tr-caption" style="text-align: center;"><span style="font-size: x-small;">Sam Bankman Fried (15)</span></td></tr></tbody></table><br /></span></p><p class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal;"><span style="background: white; color: #101010; font-family: "Times New Roman",serif; font-size: x-small;"><br /></span></p><p class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal;"><span style="background: white; color: #101010; font-family: "Times New Roman",serif; font-size: x-small;"><br /></span></p><p class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal;"><span style="background: white; color: #101010; font-family: "Times New Roman",serif; font-size: x-small;"><br /></span></p><p class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal;"><span style="background: white; color: #101010; font-family: "Times New Roman",serif; font-size: x-small;"><br /></span></p><p class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal;"></p><div style="text-align: right;"><span style="background-color: white; color: #101010; font-family: "Times New Roman", serif;"><span style="font-size: x-small;"><br /></span></span></div><div style="text-align: right;"><span style="background-color: white; color: #101010; font-family: "Times New Roman", serif;"><span style="font-size: x-small;"><br /></span></span></div><div style="text-align: right;"><span style="background-color: white; color: #101010; font-family: "Times New Roman", serif;"><span style="font-size: x-small;"><br /></span></span></div><div style="text-align: right;"><span style="background-color: white; color: #101010; font-family: "Times New Roman", serif;"><span style="font-size: x-small;"><br /></span></span></div><div style="text-align: right;"><span style="background-color: white; color: #101010; font-family: "Times New Roman", serif;"><span style="font-size: x-small;"><br /></span></span></div><div style="text-align: right;"><span style="background-color: white; color: #101010; font-family: "Times New Roman", serif;"><span style="font-size: x-small;"><br /></span></span></div><div style="text-align: right;"><span style="background-color: white; color: #101010; font-family: "Times New Roman", serif;"><span style="font-size: x-small;"><br /></span></span></div><div style="text-align: right;"><span style="background-color: white; color: #101010; font-family: "Times New Roman", serif;"><span style="font-size: x-small;"><br /></span></span></div><div style="text-align: right;"><span style="background-color: white; color: #101010; font-family: "Times New Roman", serif;"><span style="font-size: x-small;"><br /></span></span></div><div style="text-align: right;"><span style="background-color: white; color: #101010; font-family: "Times New Roman", serif;"><span style="font-size: x-small;"><br /></span></span></div><div style="text-align: right;"><span style="background-color: white; color: #101010; font-family: "Times New Roman", serif;"><span style="font-size: x-small;"><br /></span></span></div><div style="text-align: right;"><span style="background-color: white; color: #101010; font-family: "Times New Roman", serif;"><span style="font-size: x-small;"><br /></span></span></div><div style="text-align: right;"><span style="background-color: white; color: #101010; font-family: "Times New Roman", serif;"><span style="font-size: x-small;"><br /></span></span></div><div style="text-align: right;"><span style="background-color: white; color: #101010; font-family: "Times New Roman", serif;"><span style="font-size: x-small;"><br /></span></span></div><div style="text-align: right;"><span style="background-color: white; color: #101010; font-family: "Times New Roman", serif;"><span style="font-size: x-small;"><br /></span></span></div><div style="text-align: right;"><span style="background-color: white; color: #101010; font-family: "Times New Roman", serif;"><span style="font-size: x-small;"><br /></span></span></div><div style="text-align: right;"><span style="background-color: white; color: #101010; font-family: "Times New Roman", serif;"><span style="font-size: x-small;"><br /></span></span></div><div style="text-align: right;"><span style="background-color: white; color: #101010; font-family: "Times New Roman", serif;"><span style="font-size: x-small;"><br /></span></span></div><div style="text-align: right;"><span style="background-color: white; color: #101010; font-family: "Times New Roman", serif;"><span style="font-size: x-small;"><br /></span></span></div><div style="text-align: right;"><span style="background-color: white; color: #101010; font-family: "Times New Roman", serif;"><span style="font-size: x-small;"><br /></span></span></div><div style="text-align: right;"><span style="background-color: white; color: #101010; font-family: "Times New Roman", serif;"><span style="font-size: x-small;"><br /></span></span></div><div style="text-align: right;"><span style="background-color: white; color: #101010; font-family: "Times New Roman", serif;"><span style="font-size: x-small;"><br /></span></span></div><div style="text-align: right;"><span style="background-color: white; color: #101010; font-family: "Times New Roman", serif;"><span style="font-size: x-small;"><br /></span></span></div><div style="text-align: right;"><span style="background-color: white; color: #101010; font-family: "Times New Roman", serif;"><span style="font-size: x-small;"><br /></span></span></div><div style="text-align: right;"><span style="background-color: white; color: #101010; font-family: "Times New Roman", serif;"><span style="font-size: x-small;"><br /></span></span></div><div style="text-align: right;"><span style="background-color: white; color: #101010; font-family: "Times New Roman", serif;"><span style="font-size: x-small;"><br /></span></span></div><div style="text-align: right;"><span style="background-color: white; color: #101010; font-family: "Times New Roman", serif;"><span style="font-size: x-small;"><br /></span></span></div><div style="text-align: right;"><span style="background-color: white; color: #101010; font-family: "Times New Roman", serif;"><span style="font-size: x-small;"><br /></span></span></div><div style="text-align: right;"><span style="background-color: white; color: #101010; font-family: "Times New Roman", serif;"><span style="font-size: x-small;"><br /></span></span></div><div style="text-align: right;"><span style="background-color: white; color: #101010; font-family: "Times New Roman", serif;"><span style="font-size: x-small;"><br /></span></span></div><div style="text-align: right;"><span style="background-color: white; color: #101010; font-family: "Times New Roman", serif;"><span style="font-size: x-small;"><br /></span></span></div><div style="text-align: right;"><span style="background-color: white; color: #101010; font-family: "Times New Roman", serif;"><span style="font-size: x-small;"><br /></span></span></div><div style="text-align: right;"><span style="background-color: white; color: #101010; font-family: "Times New Roman", serif;"><span style="font-size: x-small;"><br /></span></span></div><div style="text-align: right;"><span style="background-color: white; color: #101010; font-family: "Times New Roman", serif;"><span style="font-size: x-small;"><br /></span></span></div><div style="text-align: right;"><span style="background-color: white; color: #101010; font-family: "Times New Roman", serif;"><span style="font-size: x-small;"><br /></span></span></div><div style="text-align: right;"><span style="background-color: white; color: #101010; font-family: "Times New Roman", serif;"><span style="font-size: x-small;"><br /></span></span></div><div style="text-align: right;"><span style="background-color: white; color: #101010; font-family: "Times New Roman", serif;"><span style="font-size: x-small;"><br /></span></span></div><div style="text-align: right;"><span style="background-color: white; color: #101010; font-family: "Times New Roman", serif; font-size: 12pt;"><br /></span></div><div style="text-align: right;"><span style="background-color: white; color: #101010; font-family: "Times New Roman", serif; font-size: 12pt;"><br /></span></div><div style="text-align: right;"><span style="background-color: white; color: #101010; font-family: "Times New Roman", serif; font-size: 12pt;"><br /></span></div><div style="text-align: right;"><span style="background-color: white; color: #101010; font-family: "Times New Roman", serif; font-size: 12pt;"><br /></span></div><div style="text-align: right;"><span style="background-color: white; color: #101010; font-family: "Times New Roman", serif; font-size: 12pt;"><br /></span></div><div style="text-align: right;"><span style="background-color: white; color: #101010; font-family: "Times New Roman", serif; font-size: 12pt;"><br /></span></div><div style="text-align: right;"><span style="background-color: white; color: #101010; font-family: "Times New Roman", serif; font-size: 12pt;"><br /></span></div><div style="text-align: right;"><span style="background-color: white; color: #101010; font-family: "Times New Roman", serif; font-size: 12pt;"><br /></span></div><div style="text-align: right;"><span style="background-color: white; color: #101010; font-family: "Times New Roman", serif; font-size: 12pt;"><br /></span></div><div style="text-align: right;"><span style="background-color: white; color: #101010; font-family: "Times New Roman", serif; font-size: 12pt;"><br /></span></div><div style="text-align: right;"><span style="background-color: white; color: #101010; font-family: "Times New Roman", serif; font-size: 12pt;">Changpeng
Zhao: CEO of Binance. Early Investor in FTX, now is the rival company to FTX.
Gains <br /><div style="text-align: right;"><span style="font-size: 12pt;">near complete market control of crypto currency exchange markets with
collapse of FTX.</span></div></span></div><span style="background: white; color: #101010; font-family: "Times New Roman",serif;"><div style="text-align: justify;"><div style="text-align: right;"><br /></div><br /></div> <o:p style="font-size: 12pt;"></o:p><br /></span><div style="text-align: right;"><table cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="tr-caption-container" style="float: right; margin-left: 1em; text-align: right;"><tbody><tr><td style="text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEiVhWshOLIRLfKQUzaU5ku_25VTjL7DS5YsZRYGuzDF9o-Q68JKQ9EZ9CUsOQoDyqlmfpFPQxy_gdeHKcYdJEVI_IqHYPlo6JcHbTpI4pcBqZLGIVHoe8sQ_DTpdJxVKKEKLydw6RjqxuRbv2toTgAAA6OUdyKZO0_gm3RxBwhOeNDGOkad6xoFzf_uVQ/s1919/changpeng-zhao.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><img border="0" data-original-height="1277" data-original-width="1919" height="136" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEiVhWshOLIRLfKQUzaU5ku_25VTjL7DS5YsZRYGuzDF9o-Q68JKQ9EZ9CUsOQoDyqlmfpFPQxy_gdeHKcYdJEVI_IqHYPlo6JcHbTpI4pcBqZLGIVHoe8sQ_DTpdJxVKKEKLydw6RjqxuRbv2toTgAAA6OUdyKZO0_gm3RxBwhOeNDGOkad6xoFzf_uVQ/w205-h136/changpeng-zhao.jpg" width="205" /></a></td></tr><tr><td class="tr-caption" style="text-align: center;"><div><span style="font-size: x-small;"><br />Changpeng Zhao (16)</span></div></td></tr></tbody></table><span style="font-size: x-small;"><br /></span></div><p></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; text-align: right;"><span style="background: white; color: #101010; font-family: "Times New Roman",serif; font-size: x-small;"><br /></span></p><p class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal;"><span style="background: white; color: #101010; font-family: "Times New Roman",serif; font-size: x-small;"><br /></span></p><p class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal;"><span style="background: white; color: #101010; font-family: "Times New Roman",serif; font-size: x-small;"><br /></span></p><p class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal;"><table cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="tr-caption-container" style="float: left;"><tbody><tr><td style="text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEhk6laixxhtRQyYwt6ENQvMuW4iKU2Ce5bSnhTzg_31aFDnku4xhVv02LD-9SfgeRz-yArSL_KMrASRcQwNT9NtX1HWTFiB2MBn0vHFL96cL8oQZI-VvM96542k0JBH_s-5BhRFqq9MY-lNeoO1SxUUmsrttF7pt8C9yb3Czy1qe4UzpJt6Ft_aSPBUnA/s2000/2.png" imageanchor="1" style="clear: left; margin-bottom: 1em; margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><img border="0" data-original-height="2000" data-original-width="800" height="899" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEhk6laixxhtRQyYwt6ENQvMuW4iKU2Ce5bSnhTzg_31aFDnku4xhVv02LD-9SfgeRz-yArSL_KMrASRcQwNT9NtX1HWTFiB2MBn0vHFL96cL8oQZI-VvM96542k0JBH_s-5BhRFqq9MY-lNeoO1SxUUmsrttF7pt8C9yb3Czy1qe4UzpJt6Ft_aSPBUnA/w359-h899/2.png" width="359" /></a></td></tr><tr><td class="tr-caption" style="text-align: center;"><span style="font-size: x-small;">Timeline Part II</span></td></tr></tbody></table><span style="background: white; color: #101010; font-family: "Times New Roman",serif; font-size: x-small;"><br /></span></p><p class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal;"><span style="background: white; color: #101010; font-family: "Times New Roman",serif; font-size: 12pt;"><br /></span></p><p class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal;"><span style="background: white; color: #101010; font-family: "Times New Roman",serif; font-size: 12pt;"><br /></span></p><p class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal;"><span style="background: white; color: #101010; font-family: "Times New Roman",serif; font-size: 12pt;"><br /></span></p><p class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal;"><span style="background: white; color: #101010; font-family: "Times New Roman",serif; font-size: 12pt;"><br /></span></p><p class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal;"><span style="background: white; color: #101010; font-family: "Times New Roman",serif; font-size: 12pt;"><br /></span></p><p class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal;"><span style="background: white; color: #101010; font-family: "Times New Roman",serif; font-size: 12pt;"><br /></span></p><p class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal;"><span style="background: white; color: #101010; font-family: "Times New Roman",serif; font-size: 12pt;"><br /></span></p><p class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal;"><span style="background: white; color: #101010; font-family: "Times New Roman",serif; font-size: 12pt;"><br /></span></p><p class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal;"><span style="background: white; color: #101010; font-family: "Times New Roman",serif; font-size: 12pt;"><br /></span></p><p class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal;"><span style="background: white; color: #101010; font-family: "Times New Roman",serif; font-size: 12pt;"><br /></span></p><p class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal;"><span style="background: white; color: #101010; font-family: "Times New Roman",serif; font-size: 12pt;">Sequoia Capital
and other investment firms: Invested funds in FTX, with the bankruptcy are
likely to get pennies on the dollar of their investments.<o:p></o:p></span></p><p class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal;"><span style="background: white; color: #101010; font-family: "Times New Roman",serif; font-size: 12pt;"><br /></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal;"><span style="background: white; color: #101010; font-family: "Times New Roman",serif; font-size: 12pt;">Alameda
Research: Sister Company to FTX. Very closely related, is also tied up in
bankruptcy process<o:p></o:p></span></p><p class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal;"><span style="background: white; color: #101010; font-family: "Times New Roman",serif; font-size: 12pt;"><br /></span></p><p class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal;"><span style="background: white; color: #101010; font-family: "Times New Roman",serif; font-size: 12pt;"><br /></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal;"><span style="background: white; color: #101010; font-family: "Times New Roman",serif; font-size: 12pt;">Individuals:
Everyday users of the platform. Likely to have lost their funds they had with
FTX if they did not withdraw in time. All users of the platform are due to be compensated
if funds can be found.<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal;"><br /></p><p class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal;"><br /></p><h2 style="line-height: normal; text-align: left;"><b><span style="background: white; color: #101010; font-family: "Times New Roman",serif; font-size: large;">Individualism:</span></b></h2>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal;"><b><span style="background: white; color: #101010; font-family: "Times New Roman",serif; font-size: 12pt;"><span style="mso-tab-count: 1;"> </span></span></b><span style="background: white; color: #101010; font-family: "Times New Roman",serif; font-size: 12pt;">An
individualistic perspective on how FTX operated would show that they failed.
Individualism argues for the business and its owners to maximize its own
profits and gains. With a net worth of over fifteen billion dollars before the
collapse of FTX, Sam Bankman-Fried was one of wealthiest crypto investors in
the world, not to mention straight up one of the wealthiest people in the
world. After FTX went under due to the negligence of the company he, is
currently valued at just over one billion dollars (11). The management of the
firm was not in line with their own gain as it resulted in the company going
belly up.<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal;"><span style="background: white; color: #101010; font-family: "Times New Roman",serif; font-size: 12pt;"><span style="mso-tab-count: 1;"> </span><span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>FTX was poorly operated. The company routinely
inflated FTT’s value, thereby raising its own value, as they operated the coin
and had control of the flow of it. While this tactic worked in the short term,
once the Coinbase article came out the value of FTT sank, bankrupting FTX. Essentially
FTX shot themselves in the foot and was short sighted in their business strategy,
the opposite of serving themselves. The market that FTX was in is essentially
unregulated. Crypto currency is an extremely new concept, and governments have
not caught up to the times. This left FTX with essentially unlimited avenues to
succeed. Unfortunately, they built as Fox Business described them, “A house of Cards”
(7). FTX couldn’t even save itself, let alone their customers failing to follow
individualism.<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal;"><b><span style="background: white; color: #101010; font-family: "Times New Roman",serif; font-size: 12pt;">Utilitarianism:<o:p></o:p></span></b></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; text-indent: 0.5in;"><span style="background: white; color: #101010; font-family: "Times New Roman",serif; font-size: 12pt;">Under the guise of Utilitarianism, FTX’s actions are not
acceptable. Utilitarianism demands that the majority is “happy” under all
circumstances. The classic movie trope of the protagonist exclaiming “It’s for
the greater good!” is a perfect example of Utilitarianism in action. In the
case of FTX, they failed everyone. Due to their negligence over two billion
dollars of assets are unaccounted for, and three billion is owed to customers
and investors. Everyone the company effected was hurt by it in some way. No one
wants to lose money on an investment, and through the companies’ misguided hand
many people have. Others will get their money back, however, must go through the
company’s bankruptcy process to do so. This not only is a headache for these
investors but also could be costing them even more money due to legal fees and court
procedures. Utilitarian thought is fundamentally upside down with the state the
company is in. Employees are affected negatively without a job, investors and
investment firms are hurt as they have not lost a portion of their portfolio. Not
to mention, FTX has affected other investors and business with their recent
collapse. <b><o:p></o:p></b></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal;"><span style="background: white; color: #101010; font-family: "Times New Roman",serif; font-size: 12pt;"><span style="mso-tab-count: 1;"> </span>FTX was the second largest crypto
currency exchange in the world when they declared bankruptcy in November. This
large of an exchange causes ripples in the crypto currency market. In financial
terms, it will and did cause a downturn in the market in general. In fact, the
crypto currency market has taken a hit in the last few weeks. Bitcoin the most
popular crypto currency has dropped in price due to FTX’s bankruptcy. Time
Investing reports, “</span><span style="background: white; color: #373737; font-family: "Times New Roman",serif; font-size: 12pt; letter-spacing: 0.4pt;">Prior to FTX’s unraveling,
bitcoin’s price was holding steady for most of October. Prices remained low at
around $19,000 [per coin]” (8) Compare this with the price of Bitcoin as of
December 1<sup>st</sup>, 2022, which is listed at just under seventeen thousand
dollars per coin (10).</span></p><p class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal;"><table cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="tr-caption-container" style="float: left;"><tbody><tr><td style="text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEjhn0Ei2SgC9g6RrCRMKdcAG0B9gRplWZFDulolzBrbpNxCxc5l0pH195O15ywME0ljasL8UQhM9scpnk5P_G52KNe60tPEJ7C60-D01BRnDJQxpqx-129qbuBT3Fux3hsYEnK_8MSf9HuYmvI-Wpe8Cs6_6AcIB-GTdh8WSqD1X7Dmq0cZ3YFZy0wLUg/s645/BitcoinPrice.PNG" imageanchor="1" style="clear: left; margin-bottom: 1em; margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><img border="0" data-original-height="331" data-original-width="645" height="164" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEjhn0Ei2SgC9g6RrCRMKdcAG0B9gRplWZFDulolzBrbpNxCxc5l0pH195O15ywME0ljasL8UQhM9scpnk5P_G52KNe60tPEJ7C60-D01BRnDJQxpqx-129qbuBT3Fux3hsYEnK_8MSf9HuYmvI-Wpe8Cs6_6AcIB-GTdh8WSqD1X7Dmq0cZ3YFZy0wLUg/s320/BitcoinPrice.PNG" width="320" /></a></td></tr><tr><td class="tr-caption" style="text-align: center;"><span style="font-size: x-small;">Bitcoin's Price Dec.2 2022 (1)</span></td></tr></tbody></table><br /><span style="background: white; color: #373737; font-family: "Times New Roman",serif; font-size: 12pt; letter-spacing: 0.4pt;"><br /></span></p><p class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal;"><span style="background: white; color: #373737; font-family: "Times New Roman",serif; font-size: 12pt; letter-spacing: 0.4pt;"> That is an eleven percent drop in value in just under a
month sense FTX has collapsed. Admittedly this is circumstantial evidence,
however a similar event occurred when the investment bank goliath Lehman
Brothers collapsed in the 2008 financial crisis. From the BBC, “</span><span style="background: white; color: #141414; font-family: "Times New Roman",serif; font-size: 12pt;">The consequences for the world economy were extreme. Lehmans'
fall contributed to a loss of confidence in other banks, a worldwide financial
crisis and a deep recession in many countries” (4). FTX’s collapse has caused
mistrust in the market. This as a result creates a downturn in the market. This
downturn has affected an untold number of investors as small as individuals to
as large as firms. The majority has been affected more in a negative way than
the minority has. The rules of Utilitarianism have therefore been violated. <o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal;"><b><span style="background: white; color: #141414; font-family: "Times New Roman",serif; font-size: 12pt;">Kantianism:
<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span><o:p></o:p></span></b></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal;"><b><span style="background: white; color: #101010; font-family: "Times New Roman",serif; font-size: 12pt;"><span style="mso-tab-count: 1;"> </span></span></b><span style="background: white; color: #101010; font-family: "Times New Roman",serif; font-size: 12pt;">Kantianism
argues that the means of actions are more important that the result of an
action. Not only this but the meaning behind the action is also equally
important. Kant described the meaning behind the action as “Good Will”. For a
business’s actions to be ethical permissible the actions the business takes
must be first good, and second their intention must also be good, or at least
neutral. In the case of FTX, the company’s bankruptcy isn’t the center of the
controversy, being merely a consequence of the company’s actions. FTX’s
management was poor. They took risks that were not necessary. Sam Bankman-Fried
was even quoted to saying, “</span><span style="background: white; color: #1d2228; font-family: "Times New Roman",serif; font-size: 12pt;">I wasn't spending any
time or effort trying to manage risk on FTX” (6). Of course, this boils down to
downright negligent management of a multibillion-dollar corporation. Without
FTX releasing a statement as to why they took the actions they that inevitably
bankrupted them, it can only be left to speculation. One theory would show that
FTX violated Kantianism ethical procedure for pure greed of the company. FTX
was shown to purposely inflate the market value of FTT by selling a small
portion of the coin at a certain favorable price, then using that value to calculate
their net worth (7). An analogy by Ben McMillan shows the flaw in this method, “</span><span style="background: white; color: #222222; font-family: "Times New Roman",serif; font-size: 12pt;">imagine someone owns every house in a 100-home neighborhood
and forces the sale of one home for $1 million, then uses that sale to show
they have $100 million in "equity." But then, the owner is forced to
sell all the remaining 99 homes, and the houses only sell for $100,000 each –
meaning $90 million of their so-called equity disappears” (7). By inflating
their net worth FTX could theoretically get more capital through loans, thereby
giving the company more cash. Ethically through the guise of Kant, this isn’t
permissible. It is misleading, FTX doesn’t have nearly the amount of equity as
they claim, instead they misled customers and investors by having the inflated
numbers on the books. This tactic is shady and impermissible by Kantian thought
as the means that the company used to get larger is misleading, automatically
violating Kant’s philosophy. <o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal;"><b><span style="background: white; color: #222222; font-family: "Times New Roman",serif; font-size: 12pt;">Virtue
Theory:<o:p></o:p></span></b></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal;"><b><span style="background: white; color: #222222; font-family: "Times New Roman",serif; font-size: 12pt;"><span style="mso-tab-count: 1;"> </span></span></b><span style="background: white; color: #222222; font-family: "Times New Roman",serif; font-size: 12pt;">Virtue
theory is an ethical theory that takes one’s character traits into account, to
determine if one’s actions are ethical or not. Traits that help one flourish
and grow as a person are good, or “virtues”. Whilst traits that hinder people’s
growth and happiness are “vices”. Putting FTX under the microscope, they displayed
both virtues and vices. Looking at Sam Bankman-Fried’s twitter shows the man at
least at the public level is remorseful for what has occurred, and how it
affected his customers; tweeting, “</span><span style="color: #0f1419; font-family: "Times New Roman",serif; font-size: 12pt;">My goal—my one goal—is to do
right by customers… after that investors. But first, customers” (3).</span></p><p class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal;"><table align="center" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="tr-caption-container" style="float: right; margin-left: 1em; text-align: right;"><tbody><tr><td style="text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEh-wtqxTJNOEjKtvGRE7mhmk_nqJjxoPZ0wJC7XNJI-nvMJBX9vxQpjQzcxioHh0NECVC4cNCP696thIW_-eq60K0AqiZgDAwhuLtGF5gKhwyrqOr2ApmIdsNBFGsJFxzjc-airew5WYO4hmNwCNswX6GPiE1th2PQEg3SJ4okkQnxqtP26RVFu0_zmcQ/s680/SBF.PNG" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><img border="0" data-original-height="234" data-original-width="680" height="166" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEh-wtqxTJNOEjKtvGRE7mhmk_nqJjxoPZ0wJC7XNJI-nvMJBX9vxQpjQzcxioHh0NECVC4cNCP696thIW_-eq60K0AqiZgDAwhuLtGF5gKhwyrqOr2ApmIdsNBFGsJFxzjc-airew5WYO4hmNwCNswX6GPiE1th2PQEg3SJ4okkQnxqtP26RVFu0_zmcQ/w482-h166/SBF.PNG" width="482" /></a></td></tr><tr><td class="tr-caption" style="text-align: center;"><span style="font-size: x-small;">Tweet from Sam Bankman-Freid (3)</span></td></tr></tbody></table><br /></p><p class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal;"><span style="color: #0f1419; font-family: "Times New Roman",serif; font-size: 12pt;"> While this
is after the fact, he as the de facto head of the company does show willingness
to fix what he self admittedly blundered. Being virtuous after the fact, however,
does not make up for greed the company heads had before bankruptcy. As
previously stated, FTX had no risk management, it routinely pumped FTT’s value
increasing FTX’s on paper equity, and it also gave out messy loans to sister
firm, Alameda Research. The New York Times claims that FTX could have loaned as
much as 10 billion dollars to Alameda Research, much of that being customer
funds (9). Of course, investment bankers loan out money all the time, it is
their way of making money. However, the big difference here is that FTX’s ties
to Alameda Research made it so FTX heads made money too when Alameda Research
made money. FTX was greedy, it pushed risky investments and inflated their own
revenues to the point where when hardship hit in the form of FTT tanking in
price, the whole system collapsed around it. By falling to the vice, FTX doomed
itself, and its unethical practices tarnished the company. Even before the
collapse, other companies pulled out of loans with Alameda Research, which in
extension is FTX. For instance, the New York Times reported, “</span><span style="background: white; color: #363636; font-family: "Times New Roman",serif; font-size: 12pt;">Blockchain.com, a leading seller of Bitcoin and other
cryptocurrencies, closed out a loan it had made to Alameda, concerned about
“too many illiquid-related assets” (9). At the end of the day companies exist
to make money, so it shows the risk that FTX and Alameda Research were taking
for one to pull out. The risk taken was backed only by the greed of the firm’s
leaders.<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal;"><b><span style="background: white; color: #363636; font-family: "Times New Roman",serif; font-size: 12pt;">Justified
Ethics Evaluation:<o:p></o:p></span></b></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal;"><span style="background: white; color: #222222; font-family: "Times New Roman",serif; font-size: 12pt;"><span style="mso-tab-count: 1;"> </span>FTX during its operation seemed too
good to be true, and as the adage goes, if it seems too good to be true it is. Being
the fastest growing exchange for crypto currency in the world is lucrative and
enticing. Figures like Sam Bank<br />man-Fried took the world by the reins, capitalized
on a budging market to make as much money as possible. The company clearly was
a personal piggy bank for Sam and his cronies. The company was run with a loose
cannon at the wheel, it is no wonder why it collapsed. Playing fast and loose
with billions of customers dollars shows no regard to one’s customers. As a
result, FTX is unable to pay back their customers and investors, loosing three
billion dollars’ worth of assets. Sam’s actions as CEO were downright negligent.
He ran FTX into the ground through his risky investments with Alameda and the
self-inflation of FTX’s main asset, FTT. It doesn’t take a genius in economics
to realize artificially pumping up the value of FTT would cause a market
correction eventually. This tactic was used by Jorden too Belfort, better known
as The Wolf of Wall Street with his investment firm, Stratton Oakmont. He
pushed his customers to buy cheap stock on mass, inflating the price of it. It's
out of pure greed to capitalize and make as much money as possible. Both firms
ended in the same fate, bankrupt. If FTX were to go back and redo their past,
they could easily be in business today if they didn’t do a measure of actions.
One; FTX needed to cease their grey area relations with Alameda Research. This
relationship in a non-crypto related market would’ve been under lots of
scrutiny from investors and regulatory agencies. Second, FTX needed to practice
ethical business practices, such as being honest about actual revenue, not
inflating their net worth through shady means. The mix of negligence and FTX’s
more dubious business practices marked their downfall. The company was
mismanaged to the point that they had no idea of the amount of liquidity they
had to pay debts owed. When FTX’s house of cards toppled, their customers paid
the price. <o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal;"><b><span style="background: white; color: #222222; font-family: "Times New Roman",serif; font-size: 12pt;">Conclusion:<o:p></o:p></span></b></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal;"><b><span style="background: white; color: #222222; font-family: "Times New Roman",serif; font-size: 12pt;"><span style="mso-tab-count: 1;"> </span></span></b><span style="background: white; color: #222222; font-family: "Times New Roman",serif; font-size: 12pt;">FTX’s
bankruptcy comes as no surprise in hindsight. Under the scrutiny of four
different ethical theories<b>, </b>the company failed to show any sort of
ethical actions. It didn’t serve itself by making poor decisions that ended the
company, failing Individualism. The company did not serve the greater good
either, instead plunging the market into distress and hurting the wallets of
potentially millions of people. This breaks the rules of Utilitarianism. The company’s
actions were not out of the good will either, they mislead customers and
investors about the net worth of the company and thereby it’s security,
breaking the rules of Kant. FTX was also not virtuous, operating out of pure
greed, again pumping up its net worth and investing funds in risky bets. Truly,
the fall of FTX is a shame, not because the company itself was anything
particularly special, but the fall of FTX marks a new struggle in the crypto market
and may delay its adoption into the mainstream. The concept of crypto is
heavily intertwined in what experts are calling the “Internet 3.0” and this
fall may falter a new renaissance in the development of the internet and
humanity as whole.<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<span style="font-size: x-small;"><span style="background: white; color: #222222; font-family: "Times New Roman", serif;"><br clear="all" style="break-before: page; mso-special-character: line-break; page-break-before: always;" />
</span>
</span><p class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal;"><span style="background: white; color: #222222; font-family: "Times New Roman", serif;"><o:p><span style="font-size: x-small;"> </span></o:p></span></p>
<p align="center" class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; text-align: center;"><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman", serif;"><span style="font-size: x-small;">References<o:p></o:p></span></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-left: 0.5in; text-indent: -0.5in;"><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman", serif;"><span style="font-size: x-small;">1. (n.d.). <i>CoinDesk</i>.
<a
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(2022, November 2). Divisions in Sam Bankman-Fried’s Crypto Empire Blur on
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<p class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-left: 0.5in; text-indent: -0.5in;"><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman", serif;"><span style="font-size: x-small;">8. Gailey, A.,
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<p class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-left: 0.5in; text-indent: -0.5in;"><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman", serif;"><span style="font-size: x-small;">9. Goldstein, M.,
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<p class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-left: 0.5in; text-indent: -0.5in;"><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman", serif;"><span style="font-size: x-small;">10. How Does a
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<p class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-left: 0.5in; text-indent: -0.5in;"><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman", serif;"><span style="font-size: x-small;">11. Morrow, A.
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<p class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-left: 0.5in; text-indent: -0.5in;"><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman", serif;"><span style="font-size: x-small;">13. O'Halloran, S.
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href='https://www.foxbusiness.com/markets/ftx-bankruptcy-unique-losses-hard-to-determine-ken-feinberg'>https://www.foxbusiness.com/markets/ftx-bankruptcy-unique-losses-hard-to-determine-ken-feinberg</a><span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span><o:p></o:p></span></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-left: 0.5in; text-indent: -0.5in;"><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman", serif;"><span style="font-size: x-small;">14. Zhao, C.
(n.d.). Twitter . https://twitter.com/cz_binance</span><span style="font-size: 12pt;"><o:p></o:p></span></span></p><p class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-left: 0.5in; text-indent: -0.5in;"><span style="font-size: x-small;">15. <span style="background-color: white; font-family: "Times New Roman", Courier, Helvetica, Arial, sans-serif; text-indent: -30px;">Sam Bankman-Fried Image (n.d.). </span><a href="http://miningtechnology.in/sam-bankman-fried-denies-fraud-in-ftx-collapse-rolling-stone/" style="background-color: white; color: #990000; font-family: "Times New Roman", Courier, Helvetica, Arial, sans-serif; text-indent: -30px;">https://miningtechnology.in/sam-bankman-fried-denies-fraud-in-ftx-collapse-rolling-stone/</a></span></p><p class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-left: 0.5in; text-indent: -0.5in;"><span style="font-size: x-small;">16. </span><span style="background-color: white; font-family: "Times New Roman", Courier, Helvetica, Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 12px; text-indent: -30px;">Changpeng Zhao Image (n.d.).</span><span style="background-color: white; font-family: "Times New Roman", Courier, Helvetica, Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 12px; text-indent: -30px;"> </span><a href="http://noticierobitcoin.net/noticia/changpeng-zhao-traders-binance-eludir-bloqueo-estados-unidos/" style="color: #990000; font-family: "Times New Roman", Courier, Helvetica, Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 12px; text-indent: -30px;">https://noticierobitcoin.net/noticia/changpeng-zhao-traders-binance-eludir-bloqueo-estados-unidos/</a></p><div><span style="font-size: x-small;">17. </span><span style="background-color: white; font-family: "Times New Roman", Courier, Helvetica, Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 12px; text-indent: -30px;">(n.d.). </span><i style="background-color: white; font-family: "Times New Roman", Courier, Helvetica, Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 12px; text-indent: -30px;">FTX Logo</i><span style="background-color: white; font-family: "Times New Roman", Courier, Helvetica, Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 12px; text-indent: -30px;">. </span><a href="http://thefipharmacist.com/tools/ftx/" style="background-color: white; color: #aaaaaa; font-family: "Times New Roman", Courier, Helvetica, Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 12px; text-indent: -30px;">https://thefipharmacist.com/tools/ftx/</a></div>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal;"><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman",serif; font-size: 12pt;"><span style="mso-tab-count: 1;"> </span><o:p></o:p></span></p>Joe Costahttp://www.blogger.com/profile/13856204180190171707noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-3346515991378239658.post-2852961413771282882022-12-02T18:28:00.005-08:002022-12-02T18:28:40.068-08:00Donald Trump's: The Truth Social (2022)<p>Donald Trump's: The Truth Social (2022) </p><p> <span style="color: #9900ff; font-family: "Times New Roman"; font-size: 12pt; white-space: pre-wrap;">ABSTRACT - </span></p><span id="docs-internal-guid-31843433-7fff-a9cc-cb75-f66e3165de98"><p dir="ltr" style="line-height: 2.4; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-top: 0pt;"><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman"; font-size: 12pt; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-ligatures: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; vertical-align: baseline; white-space: pre-wrap;"><span class="Apple-tab-span" style="white-space: pre;"> </span></span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman"; font-size: 12pt; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-ligatures: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; vertical-align: baseline; white-space: pre-wrap;">What is ‘Truth Social’? A brand new social media platform, founded by Trump Media & Technology Group. An American media and technology company that was founded by former president, Donald J. Trump, back in October 2021. The new social media app is marketed as an app that is ‘free from political discrimination.’ The app was launched on February 21st, 2022, which happens to be president’s day. As of November 2022 the app seems to be failing already with two federal investigations taking place and possibly looking at a financially unstable future. Despite the problems, the influence of the app seems to be growing more by the day. Now Trump can be in more legal trouble due to investigations being launched as claims were made by a co-founder that the company is actually violating the federal security law. Whom, at the time was still working for the company before getting suspended from their position due to unauthorized disclosure to The Washington Post. </span></p><p dir="ltr" style="line-height: 2.4; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-top: 0pt;"><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman"; font-size: 12pt; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-ligatures: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; vertical-align: baseline; white-space: pre-wrap;"><span class="Apple-tab-span" style="white-space: pre;"> </span></span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman"; font-size: 12pt; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-ligatures: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; vertical-align: baseline; white-space: pre-wrap;">This paper will analyze the Truth Social case using four ethical theories to determine whether decisions made by Trump Media & Technology Group are considered ethical or unethical. According to Individualism, the company’s actions would be seen as ethical only in the sense of raising capital to raise funds for the company to survive financially but seen as unethical for using fraudulent information and going against federal security law in order to do so. Utilitarianism would argue that the company is unethical because their actions are not bringing out any happiness for the majority but instead fear and caution amongst employees. Kantianism would argue that the company is unethical because they are not showing honesty, or respect to anyone working with or for the company. The Virtue Theory would also agree that their actions are ethical because they lack honesty, compassion, integrity, fairness, and a lot more. All four theories would consider the case unethical and this paper will show why. </span></p><p dir="ltr" style="line-height: 2.4; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-top: 0pt;"></p><div style="text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEgifyobUkxe1BxtepQhKZBNKzb17xStn_pPKWhhvs9TSbX8SLKH5b4JhrWNyXmKSm4qLwGK8CL0ocoUTsazWJSFDyUY5ng9byxGrdvbiOHf7Z1Pp-ID9y7K--fNhxkZNq59WslilruFak0tSODgxMHQXgU2R3ZnvKnp-v6YpwQYo7lWug_XkBylJORI/s2000/Donald%20Trump's%20The%20Truth%20Social.png" imageanchor="1"><img border="0" data-original-height="2000" data-original-width="800" height="400" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEgifyobUkxe1BxtepQhKZBNKzb17xStn_pPKWhhvs9TSbX8SLKH5b4JhrWNyXmKSm4qLwGK8CL0ocoUTsazWJSFDyUY5ng9byxGrdvbiOHf7Z1Pp-ID9y7K--fNhxkZNq59WslilruFak0tSODgxMHQXgU2R3ZnvKnp-v6YpwQYo7lWug_XkBylJORI/w158-h400/Donald%20Trump's%20The%20Truth%20Social.png" width="158" /></a></div><br /><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman"; font-size: 12pt; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-ligatures: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; vertical-align: baseline; white-space: pre-wrap;"><br /></span><p></p><div><span data-canva-clipboard="ewAiAGEAIgA6ADUALAAiAGQAIgA6ACIAQgAiACwAIgBoACIAOgAiAHcAdwB3AC4AYwBhAG4AdgBhAC4AYwBvAG0AIgAsACIAYwAiADoAIgBEAEEARgBUAHAAZQBsAFgAWgBGAFkAIgAsACIAaQAiADoAIgBRAEEANgBxAE0AVwBpAE4ARQBtAHgAUABGADAAQgBWAGgAWAB2AHQATgBnACIALAAiAGIAIgA6ADEANgA3ADAAMAAxADUANQA4ADQAMAA1ADcALAAiAEEAPwAiADoAIgBBACIALAAiAEEAIgA6AHsAIgBDACIAOgAiACMAYQA2ADgANABlAGIAIgB9ACwAIgBCACIAOgA4ADAAMAAsACIAQwAiADoAMgAwADAAMAB9AA=="></span></div><p dir="ltr" style="line-height: 2.4; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-top: 0pt;"><span style="color: #9900ff; font-family: "Times New Roman"; font-size: 12pt; white-space: pre-wrap;">ETHICS CASE CONTROVERSY -</span></p><p dir="ltr" style="line-height: 2.4; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-top: 0pt;"><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman"; font-size: 12pt; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-ligatures: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; vertical-align: baseline; white-space: pre-wrap;"><span class="Apple-tab-span" style="white-space: pre;"> </span></span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman"; font-size: 12pt; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-ligatures: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; vertical-align: baseline; white-space: pre-wrap;">On January 6th, 2021, there was an attack on the United States Capitol, by American citizens themselves all because of a tweet made by former president Donald J. Trump. Due to the riot inflicted by Trump, Twitter, a social media company, decided to place a permanent ban on Trump. This decision made by Twitter was morally just because it would ensure that Trump would no longer be able to cause more attacks but this did not stop Trump. On October 20th, 2022, Trump Media & Technology Group, a media company founded by Trump, had created an app, called “Truth Social.” This app is almost like Twitter, the purpose of this app was for Trump to regain a platform on social media that he can use to reach out and speak to his supporters and finally on February 21st, 2022 (president’s day) the app was officially launched. </span></p><p dir="ltr" style="line-height: 2.4; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-top: 0pt;"><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman"; font-size: 12pt; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-ligatures: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; vertical-align: baseline; white-space: pre-wrap;"><span class="Apple-tab-span" style="white-space: pre;"> </span></span></p><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEgp5O7vO_NCQ_Z-Fdojgwey_mILwdlFLBNNIHP9g-IUsPmzIUbXC3JR6eE_W9-7jZQufCLqV02KBI-7vwQ11JkbAE1mi5YR-qxc9d-8rDYVD5IpD1_6Vo54YN-5ISxgAMB2HJEoQd7vg5XgjqLZtvMGFvDyQiC8aqXVC_2JgYae1mhiR3pAeoTHpFzT/s711/Truth-Social-Logo.jpeg.webp" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img border="0" data-original-height="400" data-original-width="711" height="229" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEgp5O7vO_NCQ_Z-Fdojgwey_mILwdlFLBNNIHP9g-IUsPmzIUbXC3JR6eE_W9-7jZQufCLqV02KBI-7vwQ11JkbAE1mi5YR-qxc9d-8rDYVD5IpD1_6Vo54YN-5ISxgAMB2HJEoQd7vg5XgjqLZtvMGFvDyQiC8aqXVC_2JgYae1mhiR3pAeoTHpFzT/w406-h229/Truth-Social-Logo.jpeg.webp" width="406" /></a></div><br /></span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman"; font-size: 12pt; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-ligatures: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; vertical-align: baseline; white-space: pre-wrap;">The app ended up becoming a big hit, fast, but despite the growth would it be able to keep up financially? In October 2022, now former Trump Media executive, William Wilkerson was fired due to a public whistle-blower complaint he had filed to the Securities and Exchange Commission (SEC) and after he spoke with The Post. Wilkerson made claims that Trump Media has violated federal security law, are lying to their investors, and that Trump “...</span><span style="background-color: white; font-family: "Times New Roman"; font-size: 12pt; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-ligatures: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; vertical-align: baseline; white-space: pre-wrap;">asked one executive to relinquish his shares in the company to former First Lady Melania Trump and had him removed from the board of directors when he refused.” (Katersky, 2022). The whistleblower complaint with the SEC was filed back in August of this year but Wilkerson had more to say than just the dishonesty of Trump Media. Wilkerson said that within the company there were technical problems, chaotic jockeying over power, and bitter infighting to the point where employees would be left crying at their desks. In one article it says that, “The complaint, drafted by Wilkerson’s attorneys, alleges</span><span style="background-color: white; font-family: "Times New Roman"; font-size: 12pt; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-ligatures: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; font-weight: 700; vertical-align: baseline; white-space: pre-wrap;"> </span><span style="background-color: white; font-family: "Times New Roman"; font-size: 12pt; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-ligatures: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; vertical-align: baseline; white-space: pre-wrap;">that the company’s bid to raise money via an investment vehicle known as a </span><a href="https://www.washingtonpost.com/business/2021/10/22/donald-trump-spac-truth-social/?itid=lk_inline_manual_16" style="text-decoration: none;"><span style="background-color: white; color: black; font-family: "Times New Roman"; font-size: 12pt; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-ligatures: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; vertical-align: baseline; white-space: pre-wrap;">special purpose acquisition company</span></a><span style="background-color: white; font-family: "Times New Roman"; font-size: 12pt; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-ligatures: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; vertical-align: baseline; white-space: pre-wrap;">, or SPAC, relied on “fraudulent misrepresentations … in violation of federal securities laws.” (Harwell, 2022). Meaning Trump Media was trying to raise money to go public with the hopes of finding a merger to keep finances going to keep the app alive while being dishonest with investors. And the The Securities Act of 1933 saying that the company must be registered with the SEC and complete information </span><span style="background-color: white; color: #202124; font-family: "Times New Roman"; font-size: 12pt; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-ligatures: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; vertical-align: baseline; white-space: pre-wrap;">about the seller and the stock offering is made available to investors. </span><p></p><p dir="ltr" style="line-height: 2.4; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-top: 0pt;"><span style="background-color: white; font-family: "Times New Roman"; font-size: 12pt; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-ligatures: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; vertical-align: baseline; white-space: pre-wrap;"><span class="Apple-tab-span" style="white-space: pre;"> </span></span><span style="background-color: white; font-family: "Times New Roman"; font-size: 12pt; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-ligatures: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; vertical-align: baseline; white-space: pre-wrap;">Despite any mergers that Truth Social goes through, Trump has the intention of remaining as chairman of Trump Media. But Truth Social seems to be run by former Republican officemen, marketed by Republicans and even raised $37 million, mainly from Republican donors for example, “</span><span style="background-color: white; color: #363636; font-family: "Times New Roman"; font-size: 12pt; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-ligatures: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; vertical-align: baseline; white-space: pre-wrap;">Devin Nunes, a former Republican congressman from California, is the chief executive of Trump Media, which recently moved its corporate office to Sarasota, Fla” (Goldstein, 2022). The app seems very Republican, which makes sense knowing that Trump is a Republican who will do whatever in his power to speak his mind and regain position as president once again. </span></p><p dir="ltr" style="line-height: 2.4; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-top: 0pt;"></p><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEi4NLvxMBG1CJRZXHSTtgg8Rjo1JCNvzNyirqnpV_lvnIV68v-DOpPMNHR62X8e5A76mnujkoNj-ktWFoWrx0eRkt5-_u3bqOtbkxScGAYt-VE3DgH3ZaHitVJdHu7xz5x4h5gbrUB8R7vSvVHsr0vVytc64tc1qZo9M8oIeEyuoXtJ6A8wHrO1AQMe/s3000/DJT.jpeg" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img border="0" data-original-height="1686" data-original-width="3000" height="233" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEi4NLvxMBG1CJRZXHSTtgg8Rjo1JCNvzNyirqnpV_lvnIV68v-DOpPMNHR62X8e5A76mnujkoNj-ktWFoWrx0eRkt5-_u3bqOtbkxScGAYt-VE3DgH3ZaHitVJdHu7xz5x4h5gbrUB8R7vSvVHsr0vVytc64tc1qZo9M8oIeEyuoXtJ6A8wHrO1AQMe/w414-h233/DJT.jpeg" width="414" /></a></div><span style="background-color: white; color: #363636; font-family: "Times New Roman"; font-size: 12pt; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-ligatures: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; vertical-align: baseline; white-space: pre-wrap;"><span> </span>When the whistle-blower complaint was made, Wilkerson was still working as an executive for Trump Media but after the complaint and claims went public, “</span><span style="background-color: white; color: #2a2a2a; font-family: "Times New Roman"; font-size: 12pt; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-ligatures: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; vertical-align: baseline; white-space: pre-wrap;">A Trump Media attorney sent Wilkerson a letter that night suspending him for what the lawyer said was a “blatant violation” of his nondisclosure agreement.” (Harwell, 2022). Wilkerson also claimed that he was getting threatened so he could no longer stay quiet which led him to carry out this complaint. In order to keep the app running, a deal was made with Digital World but if this deal fails then Trump Media would have to consider merging with Rumble, a video-sharing alternative of Youtube, who also happens to be Trump Media’s biggest business partner. But Wilkerson claims that half of the people working at Trump Media’s office in Sarasota, FL, are already Rumble employees. </span><p></p><p dir="ltr" style="line-height: 2.4; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-top: 0pt;"><span style="background-color: white; color: #2a2a2a; font-family: "Times New Roman"; font-size: 12pt; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-ligatures: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; vertical-align: baseline; white-space: pre-wrap;"><span class="Apple-tab-span" style="white-space: pre;"> </span></span><span style="background-color: white; color: #2a2a2a; font-family: "Times New Roman"; font-size: 12pt; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-ligatures: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; vertical-align: baseline; white-space: pre-wrap;">Despite how popular Trump claims his app to be, it may not be enough to help it get through legal and financial trouble. Investigations are still going on to look into anything that Trump Media may be doing unlawfully and the popularity of Truth Social won’t be enough to save it from what results come out from it. Knowing previous actions of Trump, any findings could ultimately be blamed on former employees and or the Democratic party. </span></p><p dir="ltr" style="line-height: 2.4; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-top: 0pt;"><span style="background-color: white; color: magenta; font-family: "Times New Roman"; font-size: 12pt; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-ligatures: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; vertical-align: baseline; white-space: pre-wrap;">STAKEHOLDERS - </span></p><p dir="ltr" style="line-height: 2.4; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-top: 0pt;"><span style="background-color: white; color: magenta; font-family: "Times New Roman"; font-size: 12pt; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-ligatures: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; vertical-align: baseline; white-space: pre-wrap;"><span class="Apple-tab-span" style="white-space: pre;"> </span></span><span style="background-color: white; font-family: "Times New Roman"; font-size: 12pt; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-ligatures: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; vertical-align: baseline; white-space: pre-wrap;">Digital World Acquisition Corp. is the main stakeholder for Truth Social, they have a 1.3 billion cash infusion for Trump Media that is currently on hold due to recent investigations and controversies on the company. If the deal fails then Trump Media will rely on other stakeholders which are Republican political donors, an unnamed group that donated money, and employees of Trump Media. They don’t have many shareholders because of the app only being out for a couple of months but with controversies and investigations coming out so soon, Trump Media doesn’t have other investors to keep the financial status of Truth Social to keep going. </span></p><p dir="ltr" style="line-height: 2.4; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-top: 0pt;"><span style="background-color: white; color: magenta; font-family: "Times New Roman"; font-size: 12pt; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-ligatures: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; vertical-align: baseline; white-space: pre-wrap;">INDIVIDUALISM - </span></p><p dir="ltr" style="line-height: 2.4; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-top: 0pt;"><span style="background-color: white; font-family: "Times New Roman"; font-size: 12pt; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-ligatures: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; vertical-align: baseline; white-space: pre-wrap;"><span class="Apple-tab-span" style="white-space: pre;"> </span></span><span style="background-color: white; font-family: "Times New Roman"; font-size: 12pt; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-ligatures: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; vertical-align: baseline; white-space: pre-wrap;">In the sense of trying to maximize profit for the business, the Individualism theory would say that Trump Media is ethical but since they are allegedly being dishonest to investors and violate security laws it would be seen as unethical. The only reason why they would be doing so to increase finances is because Trump relies on the Truth Social app to speak out on political issues. But the possible profit was put on hold because of the investigations held out. Individualism would say that it is unethical because Trump Media is violating the law in the aspect of not sharing complete information with their investors, which isn’t just a violation of law but being dishonest with them as well. Trump Media would only have to hide information with investors if they knew investors would back out because of said information. But since Trump Media isn’t receiving maximum profit and isn’t trying to retrieve profit in a lawful, and honest manner then it goes against Individualism in all forms. </span></p><p dir="ltr" style="line-height: 2.4; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-top: 0pt;"><span style="background-color: white; color: magenta; font-family: "Times New Roman"; font-size: 12pt; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-ligatures: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; vertical-align: baseline; white-space: pre-wrap;">UTILITARIANISM - </span></p><p dir="ltr" style="line-height: 2.4; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-top: 0pt;"><span style="background-color: white; font-family: "Times New Roman"; font-size: 12pt; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-ligatures: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; vertical-align: baseline; white-space: pre-wrap;"><span class="Apple-tab-span" style="white-space: pre;"> </span></span><span style="background-color: white; font-family: "Times New Roman"; font-size: 12pt; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-ligatures: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; vertical-align: baseline; white-space: pre-wrap;">The Utilitarianism theory relies on the happiness of the majority, meaning if the majority is happy and is benefiting off of the decisions of Trump Media then it would be considered ethical but it does not bring any form of happiness or benefit to anyone. This is because when the app first launched it brought happiness to Trump Media and Trump supporters but within the months that the app was out, executives have been fired, threatened, resigned, or spoke out about issues within the company. A complaint was filed leading to investigation, which wouldn’t benefit anybody because investors will draw back from the company and the company would be under major stress. Employees were let go for unfair reasons such as refusing to give up shares upon request or because they spoke out against the company. A former executive even said that people would be competitive against each other within the company and that wouldn’t make it a healthy workplace for any one. Saying that people would compete for power, rivalries against one another, and that employees would even tend to get emotional in their workspaces. So it would go against Utilitarianism because there really is no real benefit for anyone. You need a healthy environment to maintain a healthy business. Firing employees because they don’t agree with you isn’t beneficial to anyone. Having rivalries in the workplace isn’t healthy either and it doesn’t provide any form of happiness to anyone. Whether they are satisfied with having power or not doesn't mean it brings happiness. Ultimately the goal of the Truth Social app was to benefit Trump or anyone that wants to “speak freely on political issues”. But at the end of the day it just seemed like if it didn’t make the chairman happy then he’ll do what he has to just to make sure that he is. When financial issues were brought up the only thing that he seemed to care about was the fact that the app was popular and that he had hopes for it to grow more than it already is. Which he is happy with and other problems he wasn’t worried about. With how things were going on only one person was happy and only one person thought there were benefitting and that would be Trump.</span></p><p dir="ltr" style="line-height: 2.4; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-top: 0pt;"></p><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEg4_fMlIc2DE21J3tYdHTqKMMcs4UcTf-RK5g3_cXm_zp-a-e7ttbUpO6s0V0qBattYxsLPMxxmacX1HTKzc4yP0Hqeg4N5NBAddWZdb4fPPSbFVFEfRXl2rgn08JdUOzO--nwa0dwiyag0RzDfw2vWtcCxmRSYBSQRl8Qg-U7VACdD0QD_yu-QSYqe/s968/tweet.webp" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img border="0" data-original-height="480" data-original-width="968" height="226" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEg4_fMlIc2DE21J3tYdHTqKMMcs4UcTf-RK5g3_cXm_zp-a-e7ttbUpO6s0V0qBattYxsLPMxxmacX1HTKzc4yP0Hqeg4N5NBAddWZdb4fPPSbFVFEfRXl2rgn08JdUOzO--nwa0dwiyag0RzDfw2vWtcCxmRSYBSQRl8Qg-U7VACdD0QD_yu-QSYqe/w455-h226/tweet.webp" width="455" /></a></div><span style="background-color: white; color: magenta; font-family: "Times New Roman"; font-size: 12pt; white-space: pre-wrap;">KANTIANISM - </span><p></p><p dir="ltr" style="line-height: 2.4; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-top: 0pt;"><span style="background-color: white; font-family: "Times New Roman"; font-size: 12pt; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-ligatures: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; vertical-align: baseline; white-space: pre-wrap;"><span class="Apple-tab-span" style="white-space: pre;"> </span></span><span style="background-color: white; font-family: "Times New Roman"; font-size: 12pt; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-ligatures: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; vertical-align: baseline; white-space: pre-wrap;">The Kantianism Theory relies on honesty and respect for the company and anyone that works for the company but Trump Media seems to lack the ability to be honest with their investors due to claims. Nor does it seem to show respect towards employees if a former employee feels the need to speak out against the company because of being threatened and being aware of all wrongs being done by the company. You cannot respect someone that you are not honest with so after investigations if it comes out that Trump Media in fact has been dishonest with shareholders then it would be against Kantianism but not only for the dishonesty but surely investors would be left being disrespected from being kept from any kind of information that could have been used in any kind of decision they wanted to make. Trump also lacks to show respect for another former employee. Who was asked to give up shares to Trump’s wife, his answer was no resulting in his being stripped of his position in the board of directors. Meaning his answer was not respected and action was taken immediately. Back in January 2021, Trump also failed to show respect to the capitol and agreements of twitter due to sending out tweets causing a riot and the attack. It wouldn’t be the first time that Trump acted unethically and didn’t take any responsibility for it and it sadly may not be the last. People were hurt, killed, and a government building was almost overrun. In the case of being the reason why a horrible event took place and still worrying about needing a social media platform is straight up selfish. </span></p><p dir="ltr" style="line-height: 2.4; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-top: 0pt;"><span style="background-color: white; color: magenta; font-family: "Times New Roman"; font-size: 12pt; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-ligatures: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; vertical-align: baseline; white-space: pre-wrap;">VIRTUE THEORY - </span></p><p dir="ltr" style="line-height: 2.4; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-top: 0pt;"><span style="background-color: white; font-family: "Times New Roman"; font-size: 12pt; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-ligatures: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; vertical-align: baseline; white-space: pre-wrap;"><span class="Apple-tab-span" style="white-space: pre;"> </span></span><span style="background-color: white; font-family: "Times New Roman"; font-size: 12pt; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-ligatures: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; vertical-align: baseline; white-space: pre-wrap;">The Virtue Theory relies on many aspects, </span><span style="background-color: white; color: #202124; font-family: "Times New Roman"; font-size: 12pt; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-ligatures: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; vertical-align: baseline; white-space: pre-wrap;">honesty, courage, compassion, generosity, fidelity, integrity, fairness, self-control, and prudence being examples of virtues. It is fair to say that Trump Media lacked all the qualities listed here if all claims made turn out to be true. I have already discussed before that if it comes out that Trump Media was dishonest and hiding information from investors then they’re already being unethical in most of the theories. There was no compassion apparently shown to any employees that may have felt under distress for any issues that were taking place within the company. You can’t have a healthy business if you don’t have healthy employees or healthy relationships with employees, investors, etc. If they failed to have compassion then they also failed in having generosity and fairness. Which would be shown when an executive was asked to give up shares, if you ask and you’re given an answer that you don’t like doesn’t mean you are in the right for “getting rid of the problem.” Suspending them from their job isn’t fair just because they gave you an answer that you didn’t like, every involved person has the right to make their own decision. You can’t fire an employee for an unjust reason but that’s what a company doesn’t want to talk about or even comment about when it comes out in public. Part of integrity is honesty which wasn’t shown but having strong moral principles is part as well and if the company lacks those components then they don’t have moral principles. Your moral principles wouldn’t involve violating a law or making people feel stressed. Overall Trump Media’s controversy violated main aspects of the Virtue Theory which would make it unethical.</span></p><p dir="ltr" style="line-height: 2.4; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-top: 0pt;"><span style="background-color: white; color: magenta; font-family: "Times New Roman"; font-size: 12pt; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-ligatures: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; vertical-align: baseline; white-space: pre-wrap;">JUSTIFICATED ETHICS EVALUATION - </span></p><p dir="ltr" style="line-height: 2.4; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-top: 0pt;"><span style="background-color: white; font-family: "Times New Roman"; font-size: 12pt; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-ligatures: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; vertical-align: baseline; white-space: pre-wrap;"><span class="Apple-tab-span" style="white-space: pre;"> </span></span><span style="background-color: white; font-family: "Times New Roman"; font-size: 12pt; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-ligatures: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; vertical-align: baseline; white-space: pre-wrap;">Although the controversy is still taking place because of ongoing investigation, a decision on whether the case is ethical or unethical can on be based on what is known. For all the claims that were made by Wilkerson, everything that was done by Trump Media and by Trump himself was all unethical. If it comes out to be true then no one can be blamed except for him being selfish. Not necessarily selfish in the terms of wanting money but just wanting a platform. Trump ultimately has one goal and that is to be president again and he used Twitter to make it clear that he had clear intentions to run away and made it clear that he does not care what he says or does and if it’s right or wrong because if it is right to him then that's all that matters. So if all claims come back as true then it wouldn’t be a shock because I personally don’t think he has ever been an ethical human being who has had moral principles. Any time there had been any sort of controversy against he would never take the blame but blame his rivals. You can’t expect a person like that to be ethical at all. If being dishonest, violating laws, firing anyone in the way, or hiding information was what he thought he had to do just to keep a platform that he can run then there’s just no way that can be ethical because the only thing that really shows is selfishness. If a certain tweet back in 2021 wasn’t posted then that attack would have been prevented and possibly so would the ban on Twitter. But being power hungry meant doing whatever to make sure you can keep that power even if it means constant legal trouble. The whole act is just unethical. </span></p><p dir="ltr" style="line-height: 2.4; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-top: 0pt;"><span style="background-color: white; color: magenta; font-family: "Times New Roman"; font-size: 12pt; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-ligatures: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; vertical-align: baseline; white-space: pre-wrap;">CONCLUSION - </span></p><p dir="ltr" style="line-height: 2.4; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-top: 0pt;"><span style="background-color: white; font-family: "Times New Roman"; font-size: 12pt; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-ligatures: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; vertical-align: baseline; white-space: pre-wrap;"><span class="Apple-tab-span" style="white-space: pre;"> </span></span><span style="background-color: white; font-family: "Times New Roman"; font-size: 12pt; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-ligatures: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; vertical-align: baseline; white-space: pre-wrap;">Overall from all the articles I’ve read, it just seems like everyone is blaming Trump for the downfall of his own app already because it’s only been a couple months since the launch and it’s already looking like it will fail financially. And now there are investigations ongoing which isn’t a good sign if you’ve only had it around for a couple of months. Personally I think that he is very power hungry and I think that the claims will come back true only because of all past issues that have revolved around him since he ran for office the first time up until this day. I personally don’t think he is or ever was an ethical person so it’s just looking like everything that he has to deal with is because of him. A lot of troubles and issues could have been avoided if the right actions were taken but if you take the wrong path, take the wrong actions then always ends up coming back around and failing on the one that started it. </span></p><br /><br /><br /><br /><br /><br /><br /><br /><span style="background-color: white; color: magenta; font-family: "Times New Roman"; font-size: 12pt; text-align: center; white-space: pre-wrap;">REFERENCES</span><br /><p dir="ltr" style="line-height: 2.4; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-top: 0pt; text-indent: 36pt;"><span style="background-color: white; font-family: "Times New Roman"; font-size: 12pt; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-ligatures: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; vertical-align: baseline; white-space: pre-wrap;"> Goldstein, Matthew. “Trump's Social Network Deal Is under Grand Jury Scrutiny.” </span><span style="background-color: white; font-family: "Times New Roman"; font-size: 12pt; font-style: italic; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-ligatures: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; vertical-align: baseline; white-space: pre-wrap;">The New York Times</span><span style="background-color: white; font-family: "Times New Roman"; font-size: 12pt; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-ligatures: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; vertical-align: baseline; white-space: pre-wrap;">, The New York Times, 27 June 2022, https://www.nytimes.com/2022/06/27/business/trump-truth-social-federal-investigation.html. </span></p><p dir="ltr" style="line-height: 2.4; margin-bottom: 12pt; margin-top: 12pt; text-indent: 36pt;"><span style="background-color: white; font-family: "Times New Roman"; font-size: 12pt; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-ligatures: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; vertical-align: baseline; white-space: pre-wrap;">Harwell, Drew. “Co-Founder of Trump's Media Company Details Truth Social's Bitter Infighting.” </span><span style="background-color: white; font-family: "Times New Roman"; font-size: 12pt; font-style: italic; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-ligatures: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; vertical-align: baseline; white-space: pre-wrap;">The Washington Post</span><span style="background-color: white; font-family: "Times New Roman"; font-size: 12pt; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-ligatures: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; vertical-align: baseline; white-space: pre-wrap;">, WP Company, 16 Oct. 2022, https://www.washingtonpost.com/technology/2022/10/15/truth-social-trump-animosity-whistleblower/. </span></p><p dir="ltr" style="line-height: 2.4; margin-bottom: 12pt; margin-top: 12pt; text-indent: 36pt;"><span style="background-color: white; font-family: "Times New Roman"; font-size: 12pt; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-ligatures: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; vertical-align: baseline; white-space: pre-wrap;">Harwell, Drew. “Truth Social Faces Financial Peril as Worry about Trump's Future Grows.” </span><span style="background-color: white; font-family: "Times New Roman"; font-size: 12pt; font-style: italic; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-ligatures: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; vertical-align: baseline; white-space: pre-wrap;">The Washington Post</span><span style="background-color: white; font-family: "Times New Roman"; font-size: 12pt; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-ligatures: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; vertical-align: baseline; white-space: pre-wrap;">, WP Company, 27 Aug. 2022, https://www.washingtonpost.com/technology/2022/08/27/trump-truth-social-mar-a-lago-fbi/. </span></p><p dir="ltr" style="line-height: 2.4; margin-bottom: 12pt; margin-top: 12pt; text-indent: 36pt;"><span style="background-color: white; font-family: "Times New Roman"; font-size: 12pt; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-ligatures: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; vertical-align: baseline; white-space: pre-wrap;">Makhani, Nina. “Trouble for Trump's Truth Social as Investors Back Away from Cash Boost.” </span><span style="background-color: white; font-family: "Times New Roman"; font-size: 12pt; font-style: italic; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-ligatures: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; vertical-align: baseline; white-space: pre-wrap;">The Guardian</span><span style="background-color: white; font-family: "Times New Roman"; font-size: 12pt; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-ligatures: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; vertical-align: baseline; white-space: pre-wrap;">, Guardian News and Media, 6 Sept. 2022, https://www.theguardian.com/us-news/2022/sep/06/trump-truth-social-shareholders-investors. </span></p><p dir="ltr" style="line-height: 2.4; margin-bottom: 12pt; margin-top: 12pt; text-indent: 36pt;"><span style="background-color: white; font-family: "Times New Roman"; font-size: 12pt; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-ligatures: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; vertical-align: baseline; white-space: pre-wrap;">McCluskey, Megan. “The Fate of Trump's Truth Social Hangs in Balance.” </span><span style="background-color: white; font-family: "Times New Roman"; font-size: 12pt; font-style: italic; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-ligatures: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; vertical-align: baseline; white-space: pre-wrap;">Time</span><span style="background-color: white; font-family: "Times New Roman"; font-size: 12pt; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-ligatures: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; vertical-align: baseline; white-space: pre-wrap;">, Time, 11 Oct. 2022, https://time.com/6216670/trump-truth-social-struggles/. </span></p><p dir="ltr" style="line-height: 2.4; margin-bottom: 12pt; margin-top: 12pt; text-indent: 36pt;"><span style="background-color: white; font-family: "Times New Roman"; font-size: 12pt; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-ligatures: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; vertical-align: baseline; white-space: pre-wrap;">McCluskey, Megan. “What Truth Social's Financial Problems Mean for Its Future.” </span><span style="background-color: white; font-family: "Times New Roman"; font-size: 12pt; font-style: italic; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-ligatures: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; vertical-align: baseline; white-space: pre-wrap;">Time</span><span style="background-color: white; font-family: "Times New Roman"; font-size: 12pt; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-ligatures: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; vertical-align: baseline; white-space: pre-wrap;">, Time, 31 Aug. 2022, https://time.com/6209392/truth-social-financial-problems-trump/. </span></p><span style="background-color: white; font-family: "Times New Roman"; font-size: 12pt; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-ligatures: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; vertical-align: baseline; white-space: pre-wrap;">Thompson, Stuart A., and Matthew Goldstein. “Truth Social's Influence Grows despite Its Business Problems.” </span><span style="background-color: white; font-family: "Times New Roman"; font-size: 12pt; font-style: italic; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-ligatures: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; vertical-align: baseline; white-space: pre-wrap;">The New York Times</span><span style="background-color: white; font-family: "Times New Roman"; font-size: 12pt; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-ligatures: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; vertical-align: baseline; white-space: pre-wrap;">, The New York Times, 1 Nov. 2022, https://www.nytimes.com/2022/11/01/technology/truth-social-conservative-social-app.html. </span>Jaskirt Dhaliwalhttp://www.blogger.com/profile/16187073855086107341noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-3346515991378239658.post-50960614292222948512022-12-02T16:54:00.001-08:002022-12-02T16:54:42.106-08:00Twitter: Elon Musk’s Acquisition Harms Employees and User Base (2022)<h3 style="line-height: normal; text-align: left;"><span style="font-family: times;">ABSTRACT</span></h3><h1 style="line-height: normal;"><span style="font-family: times;"><o:p></o:p></span></h1><p class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal;"></p><table cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="tr-caption-container" style="float: right;"><tbody><tr><td style="text-align: center;"><a href="https://i0.wp.com/mobilemall.com.pk/wp-content/uploads/2022/11/Twitters-security-issues-predate-Elon-Musk-%E2%80%93-and-firing-staff.jpg?fit=1200%2C675&ssl=1" style="clear: right; margin-bottom: 1em; margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><span style="font-family: times;"><img border="0" data-original-height="450" data-original-width="800" height="196" src="https://i0.wp.com/mobilemall.com.pk/wp-content/uploads/2022/11/Twitters-security-issues-predate-Elon-Musk-%E2%80%93-and-firing-staff.jpg?fit=1200%2C675&ssl=1" width="347" /></span></a></td></tr><tr><td class="tr-caption" style="text-align: center;"><span style="font-family: times;">Twitter CEO Elon Musk</span></td></tr></tbody></table><span style="font-size: 12pt;"><span style="font-family: times;"><span> </span><span> </span><span> </span>Elon Musk’s 44 billion dollar acquisition
of social media company Twitter has had the public talking. The new billionaire
CEO has laid off over half of his workforce, as well as both, directly and
indirectly, allowed the spread of misinformation in just the first month since purchasing the company. An Individualist would argue for the case to be unethical as Musk
is not maximizing the profit of the company within the law. Under
utilitarianism, his actions would be considered unethical due to the harm of
his actions outweighing the little happiness they provide. Kantianism would
classify Musk’s actions as unethical due to their failure to lack rationality.
A Virtue Theorist would consider Musk an unethical person from the lack of
virtues shown in his behavior. I, and hopefully you once you finish reading
this, believe that the actions of Elon Musk toward Twitter employees and users
are heavily unethical.</span></span><p></p><h3 style="line-height: normal; text-align: left;"><span style="font-family: times;">ETHICS
CASE CONTROVERSY</span></h3><table cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="tr-caption-container" style="float: right;"><tbody><tr><td style="text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEj1s21Aj175T_IH9NpHDlty8OqI_wJYC7L7V9Visfu1Jzmlv74A-SlgV3YMN2Y3Ttw1Sf9VLuIumrzBWzC_NNaFHwxdR8LaEk4XYYjVLT7b7CbCfe28jZsuCgxLZOvWPPXfpWhTSxlxu0uI5_vNpras3_60ImwDVKa8tuNUJVOHOzZmKxypdeqgaQ0UoQ/s738/Capture.PNG" style="clear: right; margin-bottom: 1em; margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><span style="font-family: times;"><img border="0" data-original-height="738" data-original-width="494" height="537" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEj1s21Aj175T_IH9NpHDlty8OqI_wJYC7L7V9Visfu1Jzmlv74A-SlgV3YMN2Y3Ttw1Sf9VLuIumrzBWzC_NNaFHwxdR8LaEk4XYYjVLT7b7CbCfe28jZsuCgxLZOvWPPXfpWhTSxlxu0uI5_vNpras3_60ImwDVKa8tuNUJVOHOzZmKxypdeqgaQ0UoQ/w359-h537/Capture.PNG" width="359" /></span></a></td></tr><tr><td class="tr-caption" style="text-align: center;"><span style="font-family: times;">Twitter Under Musk Timeline<br /><br /></span></td></tr></tbody></table><span style="font-family: times;"><span> </span><span> </span><span> </span>Twitter is a
social media application that allows users to post thoughts, images, and videos
as “tweets”. Billionaire and multi-business owner Elon Musk was in talks to buy
the company back in April 2022. However, it was not until October 27 of the
same year that he officially bought Twitter for 44 billion US dollars. Musk’s
vision for the app was to remove the censorship and bring back his version of
free speech. Upon acquisition of the company, his first action as the new owner
was to fire the top executives, including former CEO Parag Agrawal and CFO Ned
Segal, just a glimpse of what was to come over the next month (Conger et al.).
Purchasing Twitter at such an enormous amount, one that required taking on 13
billion in debt, had made the new CEO’s mission clear: reduce costs (Griffin).</span><p></p><p class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; text-indent: 0.5in;"><span style="font-family: times;"><span style="font-size: 12pt;">The next day, Musk
told the remaining executives to prepare for widespread layoffs before employee
bonuses were sent out on November 1. However, he decided to push till after the
issuances out of risks of potential lawsuits. On November 3, employees received
an email letting them know that they will receive another email the next day
with their employment status. </span><span style="font-size: 12pt;">However, some
employees were locked out of their accounts before the day had ended. A class
action lawsuit was filed against the company in San Francisco for violating
California’s Worker Adjustment and Retraining Notification Act which says that
employers must give at least a 60-day notice before mass layoffs. By the next
day, almost half of the company’s 7500 global employees were gone. After
receiving major backlash from the public, Musk said that all laid-off employees
were getting 3 months’ severance, which is 50% more than the required amount
(Palmer). Major companies including General Motors and Volkswagen Group pause
their advertisements until they see what direction the company is heading
(Vranica et al). Musk later tweeted that Twitter is losing 4 million dollars a
day. Meanwhile, the remaining employees were tasked with creating a paid
subscription that allowed their users to become verified. Musk imposed strict
deadlines, with some employees going as far as to sleep at the office to reach
them (Conger et al.). By November 9, the subscription Twitter Blue was rolled
out to iOS users for 8 dollars a month. Problems arose quickly, with widespread
impersonations afflicting the app and having major real-life consequences. One
account impersonating insulin manufacturer Eli and Lilly Company tweeted out
that insulin was now free of charge. After a couple of hours, the tweet was removed,
but the damage was already done. Eli and Lilly’s stock price plummeted, with an
estimated loss of 15 billion dollars to their market cap (Barr). With mass
impersonations and misinformation spreading, Twitter Blue was removed from the
app only two days after its launch. <o:p></o:p></span></span></p><p class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; text-indent: 0.5in;"><span style="font-family: times;"><span style="font-size: 12pt;"></span></span></p><table cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="tr-caption-container" style="float: left;"><tbody><tr><td style="text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEgVLeTC4reIw-THJHk1tejZAu7r-MFgjwmODxitMTWRdD_8m3zk2k4VqGfL4XzcQ5LKF24QzlBFA3_KBFseJHkZFTbEshKVhHLVeJx_H3dkib5cSylCC_uAyfYCKIrbWmQr_skIgmB-wiS92e6xQ0ZfkC8tieGoc0wG6PO2LIoEQ8lMNbCSXrq5_p4qeg/s739/Capture.PNG" style="clear: left; display: inline; font-size: 12pt; margin-bottom: 1em; margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto; text-align: center; text-indent: 0.5in;"><img border="0" data-original-height="739" data-original-width="498" height="504" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEgVLeTC4reIw-THJHk1tejZAu7r-MFgjwmODxitMTWRdD_8m3zk2k4VqGfL4XzcQ5LKF24QzlBFA3_KBFseJHkZFTbEshKVhHLVeJx_H3dkib5cSylCC_uAyfYCKIrbWmQr_skIgmB-wiS92e6xQ0ZfkC8tieGoc0wG6PO2LIoEQ8lMNbCSXrq5_p4qeg/w340-h504/Capture.PNG" width="340" /></a></td></tr><tr><td class="tr-caption" style="text-align: center;">Timeline continued</td></tr></tbody></table><span style="font-family: times;"><span style="font-size: 12pt;">The following week
saw another wave of layoffs. Contract workers in engineering, marketing, and
customer service were the first to be let go this week. Musk issued an
ultimatum to the remaining employees, having them choose between either working
long, intense hours or accepting the severance package (Kolodny et al.). He
also removed the ability to work from home, which would prove to be a mistake.
Two more class actions were filed; the first lawsuit claims that removing the
ability to work from home goes against the Americans with Disabilities Act
(ADA), while the other one claims employment laws were violated in the layoffs
for contract workers (Wiessner). By the next week, Twitter was estimated to
have lost another 1000-1200 employees (Mac et al.). Musk announces that an
improved version of Twitter Blue will come back once the impersonations stop.
The newer version of the subscription will have different color verification
depending on whether the account belongs to a brand, government official, or an
individual (including celebrities and people with Twitter Blue), making it
easier to identify a possible impersonator. As a part of Musk’s goal to make
Twitter a </span><span style="font-size: 12pt;">more free, less restrictive space, previously suspended accounts are
being brought back. The COVID-19 misinformation policy, which labeled certain
tweets that talked about the virus as misleading, was also removed, with
experts saying it could have serious consequences (Ivanova).<o:p></o:p></span></span><p></p><h3 style="line-height: normal; text-align: left;"><span style="font-family: times;">STAKEHOLDERS</span></h3><h1 style="line-height: normal;"><span style="font-family: times;"><o:p></o:p></span></h1><p class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; text-indent: 0.5in;"><span style="font-size: 12pt;"><span style="font-family: times;">Any party that is
affected by the decisions of Elon Musk would be considered a stakeholder. This
would include all Twitter employees, their user base, and shareholders invested
in Musk’s other publicly traded companies, including Tesla. From the first day
Musk took ownership of the company, top executives were fired. Massive layoffs
caused over half of the company’s global employees, an estimated 4,800, to be
let go. Twitter Blue allowed anybody with 8 dollars to impersonate a person or
company, spreading misinformation to anyone who sees that account not knowing
they are the official account. The COVID-19 policy getting removed only further
increases the spread of misinformation. The consequences are unfathomable when
you realize Twitter usage is at an all-time high of 254 million active users a
day (Best). Musk’s other multi-billion dollar company Tesla has seen a major
hit to its stock price, with it reaching a 52-week low this past week (Raymond).<o:p></o:p></span></span></p><h3 style="line-height: normal; text-align: left;"><span style="font-family: times;">INDIVIDUALISM</span></h3><h1 style="line-height: normal;"><span style="font-family: times;"><o:p></o:p></span></h1><p class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; text-indent: 0.5in;"></p><table cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="tr-caption-container" style="float: right;"><tbody><tr><td style="text-align: center;"><a href="https://th.bing.com/th?id=OIF.TElIA%2bQ7x%2fXFHMR0VWSPcg&w=281&h=180&c=7&r=0&o=5&dpr=1.1&pid=1.7" style="clear: right; margin-bottom: 1em; margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><span style="font-family: times;"><img border="0" data-original-height="198" data-original-width="309" height="198" src="https://th.bing.com/th?id=OIF.TElIA%2bQ7x%2fXFHMR0VWSPcg&w=281&h=180&c=7&r=0&o=5&dpr=1.1&pid=1.7" width="309" /></span></a></td></tr><tr><td class="tr-caption" style="text-align: center;"><span style="font-family: times;">Twitter Headquarters in San Francisco</span></td></tr></tbody></table><span style="font-size: 12pt;"><span style="font-family: times;">Under
individualism, the goal of the company is to maximize its profits for the
owners of the business in a legal way. From the beginning, all of Elon Musk’s
decisions have been to maximize profits. He has laid off over half of Twitter’s
workforce, as well as created the subscription service Twitter Blue to bring in
more revenue. However, not all of the actions to maximize profit have been
within the law. In California, where Twitter’s headquarters reside, it is
illegal to execute mass layoffs of employees without at least a 60-day warning
under the California WARN Act. Musk also remove the remote work policy, in
hopes that going into the office would increase the productivity of workers.
This also violates laws set by the ADA, which allows remote work as an
acceptable accommodation as long as it put no significant hassle on the
employer (Wiessner). He also stopped the purchase of Twitter Blue two days
after its launch, something that could have increased profits if left available
to purchase for longer. The bad press that comes along with these actions has stopped
many major companies from using Twitter for advertising, ultimately making the
actions lose more money. <o:p></o:p></span></span><p></p><p class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; text-indent: 0.5in;"><span style="font-size: 12pt;"><span style="font-family: times;">To an
Individualist, these actions taken by Musk would be considered ethically wrong.
Individualism stresses that, “it is the aim and the responsibility of
businesses to maximize their profits” (Salazar 17). Increasing profit in one
area just to lose profit in another would not go work for an Individualist,
especially if those actions were illegal. If Musk were to have given a warning
to its employees within the legal limit, as well as kept the remote working
policy, he would still be able to cut costs while staying within the law which
is ethical under Individualism.<o:p></o:p></span></span></p><h3 style="line-height: normal; text-align: left;"><span style="font-family: times;">UTILITARIANISM</span></h3><h1 style="line-height: normal;"><span style="font-family: times;"><o:p></o:p></span></h1><p class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; text-indent: 0.5in;"><span style="font-size: 12pt;"><span style="font-family: times;">Utilitarianism
stresses the importance of happiness. A Utilitarian considers an action ethical
as long as it creates more overall good than bad. In other words, for an action
to be ethical under utilitarianism, it would have to, “maximize happiness in
all affected parties in the long-term” (Salazar 20). In the case of Elon Musk
and his actions as CEO, Utilitarians would consider his actions unethical.<o:p></o:p></span></span></p><p class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; text-indent: 0.5in;"><span style="font-size: 12pt;"><span style="font-family: times;">The efforts Musk
has implemented over his first month as the owner goes against everything
Utilitarians value. Laying off over half of his workforce leaves an estimated
4,700 unhappy people without jobs and one person happier as they have fewer
costs. Twitter Blue may supply some happiness to individuals impersonating
brands or celebrities, but for every account impersonating, there is a person
or company whose reputation is possibly being damaged. Then there are all the
people absorbing the misinformation by the impersonators who are now worse off
than they were before. Forcing all employees, including ones with disabilities,
to come back to the office only makes Musk happy, while the employees, some who
physically cannot get to the office, are stuck with having to a severance
package over their job. The strict deadlines and intense working hours create a
harsh environment for the workers whose job was much easier just over a month
ago. These actions all only benefit one person, Elon Musk, while leaving
thousands of employees and millions of Twitter users less happy than before
Musk came into power, something a Utilitarian would heavily disagree with.<o:p></o:p></span></span></p><h3 style="line-height: normal; text-align: left;"><span style="font-family: times;">KANTIANISM</span></h3><h1 style="line-height: normal;"><span style="font-family: times;"><o:p></o:p></span></h1><p class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; text-indent: 0.5in;"><span style="font-size: 12pt;"><span style="font-family: times;">An ethical action
under Kantianism is rational and has the right motivations. To determine
whether or not an action is rational or not, a series of tests known as the
Categorical Imperative are used to find out if the action is permissible or
impermissible. We can apply these tests to the actions Elon Musk has employed
over his first month as CEO of Twitter to figure out if his actions, under
Kantianism, are ethical.</span></span></p><table cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="tr-caption-container" style="float: right; margin-left: 1em; text-align: right;"><tbody><tr><td style="text-align: center;"><a href="https://nypost.com/wp-content/uploads/sites/2/2022/11/twitter-work-sleep-13-copy.jpg?quality=75&strip=all" style="clear: left; margin-bottom: 1em; margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><img border="0" data-original-height="533" data-original-width="800" height="241" src="https://nypost.com/wp-content/uploads/sites/2/2022/11/twitter-work-sleep-13-copy.jpg?quality=75&strip=all" width="362" /></a></td></tr><tr><td class="tr-caption" style="text-align: center;">Manager Esther Crawford Sleeping at the Office</td></tr></tbody></table><p></p><p class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; text-indent: 0.5in;"><span style="font-size: 12pt;"><span style="font-family: times;">The first of the
Categorical Imperative tests is the Formula of Universal Law, which tests if it
would be possible if everybody in the world to follow through with the same
action. If we were to consider the mass layoffs Musk gave his employees, it
would fail the test. If every company in the world was to lay off half of its
employees without giving proper notice, billions of people would be left
without jobs and unable to provide for their families. Not to mention the
countless lawsuits brought up because of it. Another way to test for
rationality would be through the Formula of Humanity, which asserts that, “it
is wrong to use people as a mere means to get what you want” (Salazar 22).
Considering all the major actions Musk put his employees and users through,
they would fail the test. Creating a subscription service to increase revenues
is using the user base simply as a means to get more money. The layoffs also
fail this test, as Musk is laying off employees as a means to reduce overall
costs. The final test in the Categorical Imperative is the Formula of Autonomy,
stating that we must abide by the actions we place on others. When applying
this to the strict deadlines and harsh working conditions Musk puts on his
employees, we have to ask whether or not Elon himself would like to have to
sleep at the office to meet those deadlines or have to work long hours at high
intensity. If any of the tests yielded a permissible action, it would not have
the correct motivation. The actions Musk implemented in the first month as the
owner were to help himself, not the employees or the user base, leading any
Kantian to believe that his actions were, in fact, unethical.<o:p></o:p></span></span></p><h3 style="line-height: normal; text-align: left;"><span style="font-family: times;">VIRTUE THEORY</span></h3><h1 style="line-height: normal;"><span style="font-family: times;"><o:p></o:p></span></h1><p class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; text-indent: 0.5in;"><span style="font-size: 12pt;"><span style="font-family: times;">Virtue theory
emphasizes acting with virtuous traits and in doing so will lead you to live an
overall better and flourishing life. A virtue is a positive characteristic
allowing things to run better. This ethical theory is different from the other
three as they, “analyze individual actions whereas virtue theory analyzes a
person’s character” (Salazar 23). The four cardinal virtues one can possess are
courage, temperance, justice/fairness, and honesty, along with one intellectual
virtue known as prudence. Looking at Elon Musk during his new reign over
Twitter, a virtue theorist would find him to be unethical.<o:p></o:p></span></span></p><p class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; text-indent: 0.5in;"><span style="font-size: 12pt;"><span style="font-family: times;">We can see Musk
not acting on good virtue the day he bought Twitter. One could say that Musk
buying the company was courageous but looking at what he had to do to make up
for it, such as taking on 13 billion in loans, Musk would have been considered
to act rashly and impulsive, which are both vices. Vices are the opposite of
virtues and lead a person’s life in the opposite direction of what virtue
theorists would accept. Musk would also not possess the justice/fairness
virtue. It is not fair to the employees who have been working at Twitter for a
long time to all of sudden be laid off by someone who just took over. Even if
you did nothing wrong, you could have been laid off and stuck with having to
find a new place to work. Musk also does not show the intellectual virtue of
prudence, or the ability to make rational decisions considering the future. It
is unlikely that he would have bought Twitter for such a high amount knowing
the major effects of it, including having to lay off over half the workforce,
companies pausing their advertisements, and a major toll on his other company’s
stock Tesla, just to name a few. Musk acting with more vices than virtues not
only will lead to a worse, dull life but is also considered unethical under
virtue theory.<o:p></o:p></span></span></p><h3 style="line-height: normal; text-align: left;"><span style="font-family: times;">JUSTIFIED ETHICS EVALUATION</span></h3><h1 style="line-height: normal;"><span style="font-family: times;"><o:p></o:p></span></h1><p class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; text-indent: 0.5in;"><span style="font-size: 12pt;"><span style="font-family: times;"></span></span></p><table cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="tr-caption-container" style="float: right;"><tbody><tr><td style="text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEg25FWHmzPK1YROQaNt5yca5AHcTKfbbXFDLfH6VcQwmTWM9pFr6EIXkTbNTRcj7BZM8VbLvskwPoirr_3L14V42dzoxHECl3vQV4sJzMUn31d4jjEIfR4Y-efoaL4SoMRtIpj2FZG4sYQz_c-FlBSCvd2jHGgm5Hf1St6W2OhlEsK4g4z2Xqxy3Olriw/s1170/this.jpg" style="clear: right; margin-bottom: 1em; margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><img border="0" data-original-height="711" data-original-width="1170" height="194" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEg25FWHmzPK1YROQaNt5yca5AHcTKfbbXFDLfH6VcQwmTWM9pFr6EIXkTbNTRcj7BZM8VbLvskwPoirr_3L14V42dzoxHECl3vQV4sJzMUn31d4jjEIfR4Y-efoaL4SoMRtIpj2FZG4sYQz_c-FlBSCvd2jHGgm5Hf1St6W2OhlEsK4g4z2Xqxy3Olriw/s320/this.jpg" width="320" /></a></td></tr><tr><td class="tr-caption" style="text-align: center;">Popular Tweet Denying Facts about COVID-19</td></tr></tbody></table><span style="font-family: times; font-size: 12pt;"><span> </span><span> </span><span> </span>From my
perspective, I believe Elon Musk is in the wrong. He should have known that 44
billion dollars were too much for the company, and now he is taking it out on
the employees. Musk should have given a 60-day warning before the mass layoffs
to not only be following the law but also to be a decent person and help the
employees out; giving them more time to look for a job. Imposing strict
deadlines to the point where workers had to sleep at the office crosses the
line. Taking away the remote work possibility not only affects employees with
disabilities who struggle to come to the office but also hurts the workers who
signed up as remote workers and have never been to the office. I thought
Twitter Blue was okay in concept, but the execution was a disaster. It was
clear from the announcement of the service that it would be heavily abused from
the get-go. His reforms around freedom of speech can cause more harm than good,
especially with the removal of the COVID-19 misinformation policy and the
addition of previously suspended accounts. I think freedom of speech is a good
thing, except when it is used to hurt people or a demographic, such as hate
speech or misinformation. I believe the three lawsuits filed against Twitter
are in good faith and have a higher chance of winning over Musk. When reviewing
the facts of the case, it is clear that the actions exhibited by Elon Musk were
highly unethical.</span><p></p><h3 style="line-height: normal; text-align: left;"><span style="font-family: times;">CONCLUSION</span></h3><h1 style="line-height: normal;"><span style="font-family: times;"><o:p></o:p></span></h1><p class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; text-indent: 0.5in;"><span style="font-size: 12pt;"><span style="font-family: times;">Elon Musk has made
many questionable decisions since he acquired Twitter back in October. He laid
off over half his staff without a proper warning. Misinformation was able to
spread through his new policies as well as through his new service Twitter Blue.
According to each of the ethical theories, including Individualism,
Utilitarianism, Kantianism, and Virtue Theory, Elon Musk and his actions are
unethical. I, along with probably most of you reading this, believe that Musk
is clearly in the wrong, and only time will tell how the law agrees with us
too.<br /></span></span></p><p style="margin-left: 28.35pt; text-indent: -28.35pt;"><span style="font-family: times; font-size: xx-small;">REFERENCES<o:p></o:p></span></p><p style="margin-left: 28.35pt; text-indent: -28.35pt;"><span style="font-family: times; font-size: xx-small;">Barr, Kyle. “How Much Did
Twitter's Verification Chaos Cost Insulin Maker Eli Lilly and Twitter Itself?” <i>Gizmodo</i>,
Gizmodo, 14 Nov. 2022,
https://gizmodo.com/twitter-eli-lilly-elon-musk-insulin-1849779323. <o:p></o:p></span></p><p style="margin-left: 28.35pt; text-indent: -28.35pt;"><span style="font-family: times; font-size: xx-small;">Best, Paul. “Elon Musk Says
Twitter Sign-Ups at All-Time High, Predicts One Billion Monthly Active Users
One Year from Now.” <i>Yahoo! News</i>, Yahoo!, 27 Nov. 2022,
https://news.yahoo.com/elon-musk-says-twitter-sign-230445301.html?guccounter=1&guce_referrer=aHR0cHM6Ly93d3cuYmluZy5jb20v&guce_referrer_sig=AQAAAG9iS5aYvEzHbhJP4Xhp-KHZ52-YhgbMRFTeyMshEL99TJcixwFYML7snCVIscfTNPxmA38Wgq97Nh8NGBEk9Ud3P17v572tmZhuKamKkcq7ckGpYSNJUBkLIBqMqWPRTVz16vE1RnkS_OoayOn_0TcNZYURk4S2md3UkudGolXaqWPRTVz16vE1RnkS_OoayOn_0TcNZYURk4S2md3UkudGolXa.
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Weeks of Chaos: Inside Elon Musk's Takeover of Twitter.” <i>The New York Times</i>,
The New York Times, 11 Nov. 2022,
https://www.nytimes.com/2022/11/11/technology/elon-musk-twitter-takeover.html. <o:p></o:p></span></p><p style="margin-left: 28.35pt; text-indent: -28.35pt;"><span style="font-family: times; font-size: xx-small;">Griffin, Allie. “Elon Musk
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<o:p></o:p></span></p><p style="margin-left: 28.35pt; text-indent: -28.35pt;"><span style="font-family: times; font-size: xx-small;">Ivanova, Irina. “Twitter
Stops Enforcing Its Covid Misinformation Policy.” <i>CBS News</i>, CBS
Interactive, 30 Nov. 2022,
https://www.cbsnews.com/news/twitter-covid-misinformation-policy-ends/. <o:p></o:p></span></p><p style="margin-left: 28.35pt; text-indent: -28.35pt;"><span style="font-family: times; font-size: xx-small;">Kolodny, Lora, and Jason
Abbruzzese. “New Wave of Resignations Hits Twitter after Musk Ultimatum.” <i>CNBC</i>,
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<o:p></o:p></span></p><p style="margin-left: 28.35pt; text-indent: -28.35pt;"><span style="font-family: times; font-size: xx-small;">Mac, Ryan, et al. “Elon
Musk's Twitter Teeters on the Edge after Another 1,200 Leave.” <i>The New York
Times</i>, The New York Times, 18 Nov. 2022,
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<o:p></o:p></span></p><p style="margin-left: 28.35pt; text-indent: -28.35pt;"><span style="font-family: times; font-size: xx-small;">Palmer, Annie. “Twitter
Sued by Employees after Mass Layoffs Begin.” <i>CNBC</i>, CNBC, 4 Nov. 2022,
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<o:p></o:p></span></p><p style="margin-left: 28.35pt; text-indent: -28.35pt;"><span style="font-family: times; font-size: xx-small;">Raymond, Art. “As Elon Musk
Fiddles with Twitter, Tesla Stock Tanking and on Track for Worst Year Ever.” <i>MSN</i>,
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https://www.msn.com/en-us/autos/news/as-elon-musk-fiddles-with-twitter-tesla-stock-tanking-and-on-track-for-worst-year-ever/ar-AA14qXAp.
<o:p></o:p></span></p><p class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-left: 0.5in; text-indent: -0.5in;"><span style="font-family: times; font-size: xx-small;">Salazar, Heather. <i>The
Business Ethics Case Manual: The Authoritative Step-by-Step Guide to
Understanding and Improving the Ethics of Any Business</i>. Print.<o:p></o:p></span></p><p style="margin-left: 28.35pt; text-indent: -28.35pt;"><span style="font-family: times; font-size: xx-small;">Vranica, Suzanne, and
Patience Haggin. “Twitter's Advertising Exodus Accelerates, despite Outreach
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<o:p></o:p></span></p><p style="margin-left: 28.35pt; text-indent: -28.35pt;"><span style="font-family: times;"><span style="font-size: xx-small;">Wiessner, Daniel. “Disabled
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https://www.reuters.com/business/disabled-employee-sues-twitter-over-musks-ban-remote-work-2022-11-17/.
</span><o:p></o:p></span></p><p>
</p><p class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal;"><i><span style="font-size: 12pt;"><span style="font-family: times;"> </span></span></i></p>Stephen Papsederohttp://www.blogger.com/profile/08986583519358916583noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-3346515991378239658.post-51849203581492527652022-12-02T16:47:00.010-08:002022-12-14T13:45:16.446-08:00Elon Musk and the Twitter Midterm Elections (November 8, 2022)<h2 style="text-align: center;"><span style="font-family: times; font-size: medium;"><b><i><br /></i><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEiNz184M1oQQVng7r1Xf58Puj3_gkXWkdZvmJs1DkUNhrF3STVSjg2mbog6j7Ddgd6KHLTWC1hrWqvoI4U66b5XFts7YA0ZuHL4MEI-Z0dxRXKkAJXLl6CNfYNpaKwL1Ki4XiF9X4E6DFz0_EUg0FjUOIk93xAC7cq01uqixHZpPavyO-o_3ZjYmzWaJQ/s512/124021.png" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img border="0" data-original-height="512" data-original-width="512" height="200" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEiNz184M1oQQVng7r1Xf58Puj3_gkXWkdZvmJs1DkUNhrF3STVSjg2mbog6j7Ddgd6KHLTWC1hrWqvoI4U66b5XFts7YA0ZuHL4MEI-Z0dxRXKkAJXLl6CNfYNpaKwL1Ki4XiF9X4E6DFz0_EUg0FjUOIk93xAC7cq01uqixHZpPavyO-o_3ZjYmzWaJQ/w200-h200/124021.png" width="200" /></a></div><br /></b></span></h2><h2 style="text-align: center;"><span style="font-family: times; font-size: medium;"><b><i>Abstract</i></b></span></h2><p><span style="font-family: times; font-size: medium;"><span> </span>The richest man in the world, Elon Musk, bought Twitter and immediately started to change it drastically right around election time without taking into consideration the ethical views with his decisions. It became hard for Twitter to be able to handle any information being posted about the election since so many employees had to leave in such a short span of time with no one able to fill their shoes right away. Some people have gone as far as changing their profile to look like Elon Musk’s to voice their opinions about the election. Which has caused some issues with Twitter wanting to change some of their rules to counteract impersonators. With there have been many complaints about what Musk is trying to do so far with changing the free social media app into a subscription service. Having the new verification process being added to Twitter seems like it’s more of a way for Musk to get his money back while using the idea of preventing impersonators as a cover up. With the ideas of Individualism, Utilitarianism, Kantianism, and Virtue Theory we can see what type of platform Musk is trying to turn Twitter into. Even if he was unaware of the ethical issues, he had to deal with to get what he wanted down with Twitter and its employees.</span></p><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEjNIDQvjO1eASonTBNNrgDv-rAEY--Fw-FUBuEEOUddNO3Kb4PFTgAdFVaq_s50ntEi3r6AlHyk4Y05X6WdvTZDFTzFNMlGWHX-FeOjTYyVJL_eCv1rgC3ucOVdq9kTTwWze9SJlSpED6UbBLQgshbn3SJBhyUWdlBdMVbaKZ4tNoAtTYPDZoVUZImgkg/s2000/Elon%20Musk%20Twitter%20Elections.png" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img border="0" data-original-height="2000" data-original-width="800" height="640" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEjNIDQvjO1eASonTBNNrgDv-rAEY--Fw-FUBuEEOUddNO3Kb4PFTgAdFVaq_s50ntEi3r6AlHyk4Y05X6WdvTZDFTzFNMlGWHX-FeOjTYyVJL_eCv1rgC3ucOVdq9kTTwWze9SJlSpED6UbBLQgshbn3SJBhyUWdlBdMVbaKZ4tNoAtTYPDZoVUZImgkg/w256-h640/Elon%20Musk%20Twitter%20Elections.png" width="256" /></a></div><br /><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"><br /></div><p></p><p></p><h2 style="text-align: center;"><span style="font-family: times; font-size: medium;"><b><i>Ethics Case Controversy</i></b></span></h2><p><span style="font-family: times; font-size: medium;"><span> </span>On October 28, 2022, Elon Musk officially had ownership of Twitter after putting an offer up back in April. He originally wanted to fire roughly half his staff before the bonuses that would come out on November 1st, but after talking with HR he changed it to November 3rd. Part of the reason why HR recommended that he do that was so that the people who would be fired couldn’t sue or anything due to not being able to receive their bonus that was promised to them. And since Musk had been dealing with the lawsuit that Twitter had against him for trying to back out of the original agreement, he probably wouldn’t want to deal with any more lawsuits that are back-to-back. This was only the start to what he was about to do with changing how Twitter is being operated. Not everyone realizes that sometimes what gets posted can have consequences that the social media employees must deal with. On November 7th it was reported that Elon Musk posted a very controversial photo of a Nazi soldier and commented it with how the “homing pigeons the soldier carried, comparing them to the ‘bird’ that is Twitter” (Chabria). Even though the comment that he made was not directly related to the solider in the picture it still causes issues due to the hate that is still in the image because of the presence of the Nazi soldier. There were so many other options for pictures that Musk could have just as easily posted but he chose that one for a reason even if he won’t come out and say it directly. It was around this time too that many advertisement companies have stopped posting ads on Twitter due to the amount of hateful speech that is being said and how some of it is being directed towards these companies such as, General Motors, Volkswagen Group and General Mills. There is a civil rights group calling for advertisers to boycott Twitter because “’it is immoral, dangerous, and highly destructive to our democracy for any advertiser to fund a platform that fuels hate speech, election denialism, and conspiracy theories’” (Oremus). No advertising company wants to back up another company that is not following the same idea of respect or morals because it can also make them look bad. That’s part of the reason why so many influential people try to refrain from saying their opinions on topics unless they felt it was absolutely important to. Musk believes that Twitter “should adhere to principles of free speech, doing little beyond what the law explicitly requires to police itself” (Oremus). It sounds almost like Musk will allow people to say whatever they want until they either trying to impersonate him or go against what he believes to be right opinion. Elon Musk even went as far as banning accounts that were impersonating him even though he is a big activist for freedom of speech. The people who impersonated him had the opposite political view that he had for this midterm election and that caused there to be tension between Musk and anyone who had impersonated him. In the Twitter rules one can “impersonate” another individual as long as they “distinguish themselves in BOTH their account name and bio” (Kolodny). It’s a way to make sure the actual account holder is reliable for what they say rather than get the person or group that they are trying to impersonate in trouble.</span></p><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/a/AVvXsEhR_YFPSRZWjjtXFrXDB79Xh-R8xJq4kPI07S3sOpLPy1Us4Ni6CsL1toqLt-69I8cY0G-sW974idNt1LpnPthTN7macf0oIj71LyTB3iUmfFOLbxg-P77h2xv36ba8_nbfur5uvuRoKcLNsC4aK1jHc_5LEMZJUp899HxO-se38M8-TyQ7Wjm_IrstoQ" style="font-family: times; font-size: large; margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em; text-align: center;"><img alt="" data-original-height="904" data-original-width="1574" height="184" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/a/AVvXsEhR_YFPSRZWjjtXFrXDB79Xh-R8xJq4kPI07S3sOpLPy1Us4Ni6CsL1toqLt-69I8cY0G-sW974idNt1LpnPthTN7macf0oIj71LyTB3iUmfFOLbxg-P77h2xv36ba8_nbfur5uvuRoKcLNsC4aK1jHc_5LEMZJUp899HxO-se38M8-TyQ7Wjm_IrstoQ" width="320" /></a></div><p></p><p><span style="font-family: times; font-size: medium;"><span> </span>On the same day that Elon Musk posted the controversial image he also tweeted to his 115 million followers to vote Republican. This happened after Musk was tweeting about staying politically neutral. There has been more and more misinformation about the elections as time goes by but since Twitter lost 7,500 employees, there isn’t enough people working to be able to keep up with the amount of misinformation that is being posted. Some people noticed a big slowdown in how quick and efficient Twitter used to be when needing to take fake news and other misinformation down. There are a lot of people trying to claim that the WI-FI networks at any location that polling is happening can cause the voting machines to be hacked. There have also been problems surrounding absentee ballots since so many people are starting to believe that mail in ballots is leading there to be a lot more voting fraud since there isn’t anyone making sure each person only drops off one ballot. When there are so many people on a social media platform as big as Twitter it can cause any information whether it is true or not to spread like wildfire. To help counteract some of the misinformation around election time, Elon Musk decided to launch a new Twitter verification process. It was originally supposed to launch before the election but due to the amount of people who got fired it made it hard for it to be launched on time. So, on November 9th the new verification process was launched which now requires people to pay an $8 a month subscription to have that blue check mark next to their name so that the chance of getting impersonated goes down. Some have speculated that the new verification process is a way to help Elon Musk make back the $44 billion that he spent on buying Twitter. Others think it was a way to stop so many comedies from trying to impersonate him and tell people to “vote Democrat” when he is trying to tell people to vote the opposite. (Conger).</span></p><p><span style="font-family: times; font-size: medium;"><span> </span>Once Elon musk had complete control over Twitter there was a huge increase in hateful speech that was happening. Most of it happening by accounts that are inauthentic. These trolling accounts are causing a lot of problems for the people and employees of Twitter. Since the hateful information isn’t being taken done fast enough it is leading more and more people to repost and add to the other hateful speech. In just a 12 hour window there was a over a 500% increase in the N word, Jew increased fivefold, and misogynistic and transphobic speech increased. It is believed that since “Musk is now the primary owner of the platform, he may follow through with loosening standards of harmful content and dissolving the so-called censorship he has criticized in the past” (Ray). It just goes to show how Elon Musk is trying to change Twitter and how fast it is changing under his ownership. Although some people believe that censoring content doesn’t do anything, statically speaking it has definitely made an impact when Trump got banned because the idea of election misinformation dropped by roughly 73% once he was removed. The type of people on social media really does have a huge impact in what gets posted and how big of an effect it has on the platform. (Ray).</span></p><p></p><h2 style="text-align: center;"><span style="font-family: times; font-size: medium;"><b><i>Stakeholders</i></b></span></h2><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/a/AVvXsEget5s3js-e_aB6M-Ker71DzSN5pixjOWqOHXduHbae-uqBGujk-xTBC6z_emLQZ1LjQScWxvOUa6R-sdD5jtNulxqM6wwlO1AOmEHygTUxM4u-4QM77iMo4dITa7DVzB4CNO55BVqGq8ak8JvY9COfbLHL83IeGDznEXGEZPY1CNYFc9Vxrze-hAjhJw" style="font-family: times; font-size: large; margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em; text-align: center;"><img alt="" data-original-height="546" data-original-width="728" height="265" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/a/AVvXsEget5s3js-e_aB6M-Ker71DzSN5pixjOWqOHXduHbae-uqBGujk-xTBC6z_emLQZ1LjQScWxvOUa6R-sdD5jtNulxqM6wwlO1AOmEHygTUxM4u-4QM77iMo4dITa7DVzB4CNO55BVqGq8ak8JvY9COfbLHL83IeGDznEXGEZPY1CNYFc9Vxrze-hAjhJw=w353-h265" width="353" /></a></div><div></div><p><span style="font-family: times; font-size: medium;"><span> All the people who have and use Twitter have been affected drastically since Elon Musk became the owner. He’s made it hard for people to know if the information they have been reading about the election is true or false. With roughly 7,500 of the staff gone from various positions such chief executive, policy executive, and many more that were completely fired. Some of executives that were fired are, Parag Agrawal, Ned Segal, and Vijaya Gadde. While also cutting “half of its public policy team: and “more than one team that touched election integrity” (Hatmaker). After Kathy Griffin and Rich Sommer were banned on Twitter there were several people who had complained and tried to get them unbanned. Elon Musk Said he would unban them if they chose to go through with the new verification process. It seems like Twitter is going to become like a streaming service and a way for Elon Musk to make back the money he lost buying Twitter.</span></span></p><p></p><h2 style="text-align: center;"><span style="font-family: times; font-size: medium;"><b><i>Individualism</i></b></span></h2><p><span style="font-family: times; font-size: medium;"><span> </span></span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman", serif;"><span style="font-size: medium;">Companies want employees that will help them achieve their goal in the
long term, which means having to get rid of the ones that are holding back the company.
With Elon Musk trying to make Twitter better, he needs to have employees that
are going to help him achieve his goal. Since Musk wants to make Twitter a
better social media platform so that more people would want to use it. Even
though Musk is a big advocate for free speech, which means Musk is going to
push the boundaries that have been set by society. With the smaller staff size
at Twitter anything that isn’t morally allowed to be posted is taking longer to
get down, which ends up helping Musk with the idea of free speech. Another one
of Musk’s goals would be to maximize profit since that is what businesses would
do so that they remain in business. With less employees and the subscription service
to verify accounts, it will help increase the over all profit of Twitter.</span></span></p><h2 style="text-align: left;"><b style="font-family: times; font-size: large; text-align: center;"><i><span> </span><span> </span><span> </span><span> </span><span> </span><span> </span><span> </span><span> </span><span> </span><span> </span><span> </span><span> </span><span> </span>Utilitarianism</i></b></h2><p><span style="font-family: times; font-size: medium;"><span> </span></span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman", serif;"><span style="font-size: medium;">When Elon Musk bought Twitter, he bought it with the intention of making
it better. By doing that he intends on finding ways to make more people on the
platform happy. Even though Musk is trying to maximize his own happiness he
also must consider the happiness of the users so that he can keep them on Twitter.
By trying to get ads to be removed and banning people for impersonating other users
it can make the platform more enjoyable for everyone. However, with how long it
is taking Twitter to take down certain posts that are problematic, it is not
helping with the user’s happiness of the platform. It’s the posts that are targeting
specific people that are the more problematic ones and posts that have been
made by impersonators.</span></span></p><p></p><h2 style="text-align: center;"><span style="font-family: times; font-size: medium;"><b><i>Kantianism</i></b></span></h2><p><span style="font-family: times; font-size: medium;"><span> </span></span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman", serif;"><span style="font-size: medium;">The users of Twitter should be treated with respect because they are the
ones that are going to make it profitable for Elon Musk in the long run. They
can’t be treated as just a way to get profit because it goes against the idea
of having a good will. Musk would need to be able to find ways to make Twitter
better that would benefit the users so that in return they would be able to
give him what he wants. Since it is the motivation behind the action that matters
more than the outcome itself. Even when Musk tried pulling out of the deal to
get Twitter it made it a little clear that he was using Twitter to benefit himself
more than making the platform better for everyone who uses it.</span></span></p><p></p><h2 style="text-align: center;"><span style="font-family: times; font-size: medium;"><b><i>Virtue Theory</i></b></span></h2><p><span style="font-family: times; font-size: medium;"><span> </span></span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman", serif;"><span style="font-size: medium;">It takes courage to be able to own a social media platform because not only
does one have to worry about making it interesting enough for people to stay on
it but also having to deal with what others are posting. On top of that but
also having the self-control to handle any situation without overreacting or
causing more problems that might end up causing people to leave the platform. Elon
Musk would have needed to be taught how to deal with situations so that it appears
like he has control over Twitter. He also would need to be fair with how he
treats the people who are impersonating someone or posting things that are against
the rules that Twitter has. Since if he treats people differently for doing the
same thing then it is going to cause more problems for him down the line because
no one would want to be treated differently. Without having the knowledge from either
past experiences or from coworkers on how to run a platform like Twitter, it
would not have been good for Musk since he would have lacked the wisdom and
judgement that would be needed for Twitter. It requires a lot of experience and
patience to learn from others on how things should be dealt with in a social
media platform compared to other companies since there aren’t as many people watching
and seeing what others are saying about it.</span></span></p><p></p><h2 style="text-align: center;"><span style="font-family: times; font-size: medium;"><b><i>Justification Ethics Evaluation</i></b></span></h2><p><span style="font-family: times; font-size: medium;"><span> </span>The way Musk is trying to handle everything that is going on with Twitter is not being handled well. It has been causing more problems when it comes to election information because there aren’t enough people to be able to keep up with everything everyone is posting. With the slowdown in the control of misinformation it has caused several tweets to get reposted thousands of times before anything has been done about it. The whole idea of Twitter becoming a paid verification social media app is just a way for Musk to be able to pay off the loans he had to pull out to buy Twitter because Twitter wouldn’t lower the cost after the original agreement. It feels wrong having someone run a social media app that’s as big as Twitter when there have been several times when Musk himself had to remove something he posted. By being the owner, it doesn’t give Musk the right to say and post whatever he wants and the amount of time it is taking for someone in his company to tell him to take down inappropriate posts is a problem. Musk doesn’t have the morals to be able to handle owning the app especially around the times that elections are held because so many people try to impersonate him. It just creates a lot of controversy about what the owner of any platform can and can’t be able to do and Musk seems like he wants to keep trying to push the envelope since he is so into freedom of speech.</span></p><h2 style="text-align: left;"><b style="font-family: times; font-size: large; text-align: center;"><i><span> </span><span> </span><span> </span><span> </span><span> </span><span> </span><span> </span><span> </span><span> </span><span> </span><span> </span><span> </span><span> </span>Conclusion</i></b></h2><p><span style="font-family: times; font-size: medium;"> Even though Elon Musk has shown that he knows how to run a company and try to make it better he himself doesn’t know how to act on such a platform. By examining what he has done with the platform so far it shows how he hasn’t investigated the ethical views of his ideas. He seems to be very focused on making sure he can say what he wants and to try and find a way to make back the money he lost when he originally bought Twitter. Musk is all for freedom of speech but at the same time it seems almost as if he doesn’t like other people having a different opinion then him or even trying to be a comedian. He did at some point after getting Twitter say that comedy is now legal on Twitter but when some comedians tried to have fun with him it ended with their accounts getting banned or locked. Part of the issue seems to be that Elon is having a harder time trying to run a social media platform since it is drastically different from his other company Tesla and so many people on Twitter will voice their opinions on things that he says.</span></p><p><span style="font-family: times; font-size: medium;"><br /></span></p><p><span style="font-family: times; font-size: medium;"><br /></span></p><h4 style="text-align: center;"><i><b><span style="font-family: times;">References</span></b></i></h4><div style="text-align: left;"><span style="font-family: times;">Chabria, Anita. “Column: Elon Musk is Breaking His New Toy. Will it Cost us Our Democracy?” Los <span>A</span>ngeles Times. Nov. 8, 2022. <span style="color: #2b00fe;"><u>https://www.latimes.com/california/story/2022-11- 08/column-icarus-has-crashed-the-weekend-we-all-expected-from-twitter<br /></u></span></span><span style="font-family: times;">Conger, Kate. Hirsch, Lauren. “Elon Musk Twitter Take Over”. New York Times. October 27, 2022. <u><span style="color: #2b00fe;">https://www.nytimes.com/2022/10/27/technology/elon-musk-twitter-deal-complete.html<br /></span></u></span><span style="font-family: times;">Dang, Sheila. Roumeliotis, Greg. “Musk Begins His Twitter Ownership With Firings, Declares the ‘Bird is Freed’”. Reuters. October 28, 2022. <span style="color: #2b00fe;"><u>https://www.reuters.com/markets/deals/elon-musk-</u><u>completes-44-bln-acquisition-twitter- 2022-10-28/<br /></u></span></span><span style="font-family: times;">Hatmaker, Taylor. “Elon Musk’s Twitter Faces US Midterm Elections, His First High-Stakes Test”. TechCrunch. November 7, 2022. <span style="color: #2b00fe;"><u>https://techcrunch.com/2022/11/07/elon-musk-twitter-us-midterm-elections/?guccounter=1<br /></u></span></span><span style="font-family: times;">Kolodny, Lora. “Elon Musk Bans Impersonation Without Parody Label on Twitter Raising Questions About Free Speech Commitment”. CNBC. November 7, 2022. <span style="color: #2b00fe;"><u>https://www.cnbc.com/2022/11/07/elon-musk-unlabeled-twitter-parody-accounts-risk- permanent-</u><u>suspension.html<br /></u></span></span><span style="font-family: times;">Oremus, Will. Hassan, Jennifer. Siddiqui, Faiz. “Musk Recommends Voting GOP, Bans Twitter Accounts for ‘impersonation’”. The Washington Post. November 7, 2022.<span><span> </span></span><span> </span><span> </span><u><span style="color: #2b00fe;">https://www.washingtonpost.com/technology/2022/11/07/elon-musk-twitter/<br /></span></u></span><span style="font-family: times;">Ray, Rashawn. Anyanwu, Joy. “Why is Elon Musk’s Twitter Takeover Increasing Hate Speech”. Brookings. November 23, 2022.<u> </u><span style="color: #2b00fe;"><u>https://www.brookings.edu/blog/how-we- rise/2022/11/23/why-is-elon-musks-twitter-takeover-increasing-hate-speech/</u></span></span></div><p><span style="font-family: times;"><br /></span></p><p><span style="font-family: times;"><br /></span></p><p><br /></p>Morgan Tilleyhttp://www.blogger.com/profile/09420172783920159523noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-3346515991378239658.post-41941183718550066502022-12-02T15:12:00.054-08:002022-12-02T16:41:32.679-08:00 Meta: Mega Layoffs at Meta (2022)<table cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="tr-caption-container" style="float: right;"><tbody><tr><td style="text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEiGvKgXu-1cdhA3Qh8pAogKk164uoFXDGGXyoEC58ODsH9yAdT1Y3u1Pwh3-5GQ9vpsOLSkwg9HWyHvmxwTLBIdepoB33t1-pjzgLnUzIxBr4L5ZnLPyQVSjRFCdPjORGBTRL_BUKOnAu98X1Nxlf5R4sv2pbEtfHvEVY0p0ADMtexycH8o4mzX_0bqIg/s1536/Meta-layoff-header-1536x860.jpg" style="background-color: #f3f3f3; clear: right; margin-bottom: 1em; margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><img border="0" data-original-height="860" data-original-width="1536" height="220" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEiGvKgXu-1cdhA3Qh8pAogKk164uoFXDGGXyoEC58ODsH9yAdT1Y3u1Pwh3-5GQ9vpsOLSkwg9HWyHvmxwTLBIdepoB33t1-pjzgLnUzIxBr4L5ZnLPyQVSjRFCdPjORGBTRL_BUKOnAu98X1Nxlf5R4sv2pbEtfHvEVY0p0ADMtexycH8o4mzX_0bqIg/w303-h220/Meta-layoff-header-1536x860.jpg" width="303" /></a></td></tr><tr><td class="tr-caption" style="text-align: center;"><span style="background-color: #f3f3f3; color: red;">One of 11,000 laid off employees</span></td></tr></tbody></table><span style="background-color: white;"><br /></span><p><span style="background-color: white;"><br /></span></p><span id="docs-internal-guid-ba58c10f-7fff-e02b-35b6-1bc139ad2083"><p dir="ltr" style="background-color: white; line-height: 1.2; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-top: 0pt; text-align: center;"><br /></p><span style="background-color: white;"><br /></span><p dir="ltr" style="line-height: 1.2; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-top: 0pt;"><span style="background-color: white; color: #1155cc; font-family: Arial; font-size: 12pt; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; text-decoration-line: underline; text-decoration-skip-ink: none; vertical-align: baseline; white-space: pre-wrap;">Abstract</span></p><p dir="ltr" style="line-height: 1.2; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-top: 0pt; text-indent: 36pt;"><span style="background-color: white; font-family: Arial; font-size: 12pt; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; vertical-align: baseline; white-space: pre-wrap;"><br /></span></p><p dir="ltr" style="line-height: 1.2; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-top: 0pt; text-indent: 36pt;"><span style="background-color: white; font-family: Arial; font-size: 12pt; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; vertical-align: baseline; white-space: pre-wrap;">Meta is a company that was originally founded by Mark Zuckerberg in February 2004. Initially known as Facebook, it was a social media site where people could gather online in one place to connect with friends and family, meet new people, join neighborhood groups, and share whatever they felt like sharing. The social media world was still somewhat new in 2004 but over the next decade it grew immensely with Facebook leading the way and buying out any competitor that threatened their position. In 2012, Facebook filed an IPO (Initial Public Offering) and joined the stock market with their initial value being assessed at 104 billion dollars. Over the years Facebook bought Instagram, and Whatsapp among other buyouts further solidifying their place as one of the world's most valuable companies. In March 2020 when the Covid global pandemic hit, Facebook had 48,268 employees. With a pandemic forcing millions of people to be online more, Mark Zuckerberg saw that as an opportunity for growth and he went all in. In October, 2021 Facebook was receiving 97.5% of its revenue from advertising and in that same month Zuckerberg decided to rebrand. Meta was the new name and now the parent company of Facebook, Instagram, Whatsapp, etc. By September 2022, Meta had now employed 87,314 and surely a genius such as Zuckerberg prioritized his employees and put the health/happiness of his staff, and the privacy of his online user base ahead of any personal gain or success of his company. Or did he?</span></p><span style="background-color: white;"><br /><br /></span><p dir="ltr" style="line-height: 1.2; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-top: 0pt;"><span style="background-color: white; color: #1155cc; font-family: Arial; font-size: 12pt; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; text-decoration-line: underline; text-decoration-skip-ink: none; vertical-align: baseline; white-space: pre-wrap;">Ethics Case Controversy</span></p><p dir="ltr" style="line-height: 1.2; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-top: 0pt; text-indent: 36pt;"><span style="background-color: white;"><span style="font-family: Arial; font-size: 12pt; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; vertical-align: baseline; white-space: pre-wrap;">Facebook was known as one of the Big 5 of American IT companies along with Alphabet, Amazon, Apple, and Microso<span>ft. Zuckerberg was cruising along from the time he created the company in 2004 until the start of the pandemic. There were some controversies regarding Facebook and the 2016 presidential election that will be add</span>ressed later, but for the most part Facebook was thriving and Zuckerberg was loving every minute of it. When the pandemic hit and millions of people spent more time at home and online using Facebook, Netflix, TikTok, etc there was a huge influx of advertising money because the usage on these platforms skyrocketed. Mark Zuckerberg in his layoff letter to employees said <span>"</span></span><span style="font-family: Arial; font-size: 12pt; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; vertical-align: baseline; white-space: pre-wrap;">Many people predicted this would be a permanent acceleration that would continue even after the pandemic ended. I did too, so I made the decision to significantly increase our investments.” (LayoffLetter) He later goes on to admit that he was wrong and takes ownership, but one has to wonder if this potential huge layoff wasn’t a fall back he was planning on. The pandemic was terrible and millions died but I don’t think anyone thought that the pandemic was going to last forever. Even at the height of the pandemic there were tons of people still denying its seriousness and wanting it to end. How then, did Mark Zuckerberg and a team he likely pays very well get this prediction so wrong. Did they really assume that online usage would remain as high during the pandemic as when it was over? Or did the company know they had to hire and sell quickly to take advantage of the increase during the pandemic and never worried or cared that at some point in the future they’d have to lay off a large percentage of their staff. </span></span></p><span style="background-color: white;"><br /></span><p dir="ltr" style="line-height: 1.2; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-top: 0pt; text-indent: 36pt;"><span style="background-color: white; font-family: Arial; font-size: 12pt; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; vertical-align: baseline; white-space: pre-wrap;">The pandemic alone can’t be fully to blame for Meta having to lay off 13,000 or 13% of its workforce. The rebranding to Meta at the same time Facebook was seeing record profits also should be called into question. In October, 2021 Zuckerberg came out saying he was rebranding and created Meta which stood for the metaverse. He saw this as the future of social media but why now, when the company was so successful did he make this change. Two months prior, an ex-product manager at Facebook Frances Haugen became a whistleblower against Facebook. She produced tons of evidence and testified before the SEC (securities exchange commission) and the US Congress, and on 60 Minutes with information showing how unethical and shady Facebook and Zuckerberg had been. “The documents paint a picture of a company that is often aware of the harms to which it contributes—but is either unwilling or unable to act against them.” (Time) She showed evidence of how Facebook knew they were spreading misinformation throughout the 2016 election, misinformation throughout a deadly pandemic, and the mental health effects of Instagram usage for teens, among others. She also said how Facebook was lying to shareholders about the value and direction of the company. She made the claim and had evidence to support it that Facebook put profit over safety and that they willingly ignored the dangers of their platform in order to make money. Facebook came out and denied her reports saying that they spend five billion every year keeping their platforms safe. Eight other whistleblowers came out after Haugen did against Facebook. Facebook stock fell after these reports but within two months Zuckerberg “rebranded” but was that just a way to change names and hide behind the guilt that Haugen had already laid out. </span></p><p dir="ltr" style="line-height: 1.2; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-top: 0pt; text-indent: 36pt;"><span style="background-color: white; font-family: Arial; font-size: 12pt; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; vertical-align: baseline; white-space: pre-wrap;">Another huge controversy that further declined Meta’s profits in 2022 was the reports that Meta had provided personal data information to a group of hackers posing as Law Enforcement. In March 2022 it was reported that hackers compromised emails of police and sent “emergency data requests” to Meta for users' home addresses, phone numbers, IP addresses and other subscriber information. This is troublesome if you’re a user of the platform because you trust a company like Meta to protect your information. “Facebook has been scrutinized for its handling of user data for years following reports that Cambridge Analytics obtained data on tens of millions of the platform’s users.” (Bloomberg) This is another example like Haugen said above where Meta puts profit over privacy.</span></p><span style="background-color: white;"><br /></span><p dir="ltr" style="line-height: 1.2; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-top: 0pt;"><span style="background-color: white; color: #1155cc; font-family: Arial; font-size: 12pt; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; text-decoration-line: underline; text-decoration-skip-ink: none; vertical-align: baseline; white-space: pre-wrap;">Stakeholders</span></p><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEgf7i0SdcpX4QVdGXg2i21BOiL4IVPogLZ4P83VkB9kqZ80d5DmGhL4xdMPFh-mXS-dchkDeqvGdaYiOfK57M5ttGhbxXm0SL-YwMKtZVEtX9u5HiUF872s-zGUwF5AH9fmtpIvMVl1L3rV-sVV3fJ9Mm6xY3ficeeikYATutEWxT8MgxNYzK3G2f1cLA/s320/images.jpg" style="clear: right; float: right; margin-bottom: 1em; margin-left: 1em;"><span style="background-color: white;"><img border="0" data-original-height="158" data-original-width="320" height="158" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEgf7i0SdcpX4QVdGXg2i21BOiL4IVPogLZ4P83VkB9kqZ80d5DmGhL4xdMPFh-mXS-dchkDeqvGdaYiOfK57M5ttGhbxXm0SL-YwMKtZVEtX9u5HiUF872s-zGUwF5AH9fmtpIvMVl1L3rV-sVV3fJ9Mm6xY3ficeeikYATutEWxT8MgxNYzK3G2f1cLA/s1600/images.jpg" width="320" /></span></a></div><span style="background-color: white;"><br /></span></span><p></p><p dir="ltr" style="line-height: 1.2; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-top: 0pt;"><span style="background-color: white;"><span style="font-family: Arial; font-size: 12pt; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; vertical-align: baseline; white-space: pre-wrap;"><span class="Apple-tab-span" style="white-space: pre;"> </span></span><span style="font-family: Arial; font-size: 12pt; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; vertical-align: baseline; white-space: pre-wrap;"><span class="Apple-tab-span" style="white-space: pre;"> </span></span><span style="font-family: Arial; font-size: 12pt; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; vertical-align: baseline; white-space: pre-wrap;"><span>The main stakeholders within Meta are its individual users, its shareholders, employees both current and terminated, and its advertisers. According to Bloomberg as of October 2022, there are currently 3.71 billion users across all of Meta’s platforms. That’s a lot of personal data information that people trust Meta to protect. Shareholders are people that own shares of a company and buy into the company hoping to make money. Vanguard, Fidelity etc are large shareholders of Meta and likely if you have a retirement account you are also a shareholder of Meta since it's been a huge successful company for so long. At the end of September before laying off 11,000 Meta employed 87,314. This number would include Mark Zuckerberg himself but not ex-employees like whistleblower Frances Haugen and countless others. It is estimated that Meta has over three million advertisers that pay for ads across Meta’s platforms. It’s easy to see that a company like Meta has lots of stakeholders that trust Zuckerberg to lead both a successful and ethical company.</span><span> </span></span></span></p><span style="background-color: white;"><br /></span><p dir="ltr" style="line-height: 1.2; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-top: 0pt;"><span style="background-color: white; color: #1155cc; font-family: Arial; font-size: 12pt; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; text-decoration-line: underline; text-decoration-skip-ink: none; vertical-align: baseline; white-space: pre-wrap;">Individualism</span></p><p dir="ltr" style="line-height: 1.2; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-top: 0pt;"><span style="background-color: white;"><span style="font-family: Arial; font-size: 12pt; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; vertical-align: baseline; white-space: pre-wrap;"><span class="Apple-tab-span" style="white-space: pre;"> </span></span><span style="font-family: Arial; font-size: 12pt; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; vertical-align: baseline; white-space: pre-wrap;">According to economist Milton Friedman “the only goal of a business is to profit, so the only obligation that the business person has is to maximize profit for the owner or the stockholders within the law or the rules of the game.” (Salazar_Slides) He fully believed in a free market and capitalistic society where companies can make as much money as they want even when they don’t value their employees, or value their customers' privacy. Individualism prioritizes the profit of the owner and stockholders ahead of what could be morally right like creating a safe work environment. During the Covid pandemic, Mark Zuckerberg took a chance that social media use would remain high and advertising dollars would keep coming in. In a span of 2.5 years from 3/20 until 9/22 he increased his staff working at Meta by 80%. Meta hired more people to maximize his profit and the profit of his company. According to Yahoo Finance, each share of Facebook stock on 3/4/2020 was worth $163.90 and by 9/6/2021 it was worth $375.88. That is an increase per share of almost 130%. Safe to say that Zuckerberg and the shareholders profited a lot from his decision to double down on the pandemic. Zuckerberg took a risk knowing full well that the jobs he promised people might not last, but he needed their commitment to Meta in order for the company to make this huge profit. He swung big and missed though since the advertising dollars stopped rolling in after the pandemic both due to reduced online usage, competition from other social media sites, and negative publicity from ex employees like Haugen. By 10/31/2022 each share was now only worth $98.22 and within weeks is when Meta laid off 11,000 workers. What Zuckerberg did doesn’t violate any laws and he prioritized his own profit and the profit of his shareholders ahead of the jobs his employees depended on. An Individualist like Friedman would be ok with Zuckerberg laying off any amount he needed at Meta as long as it kept profits rolling in. </span></span></p><div><span style="background-color: white;"><br /></span></div><span style="background-color: white;"><br /></span><p dir="ltr" style="line-height: 1.2; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-top: 0pt;"></p><table align="center" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="tr-caption-container" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><tbody><tr><td style="text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEgYBPc-HwA-YBwD2Avd2Ew2h7fhrFEy1JYpAxlIyYZQEqTeRb2eUyLGqbRkSlaVZGjzVJ5gzUSTx3mFK_uEEnXIddU6eSnnhmDEelaQ02FUHTp9QQ-7VQ4f0GrPwjfaWSprW9D-r69wUrxzs7k_C7jn9C2VcX2NpCJQs5qf8cTJ31XeIP6am1r4pH4ZOQ/s1140/META_YahooFinanceChart.png" style="background-color: white; margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><img border="0" data-original-height="1140" data-original-width="1140" height="223" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEgYBPc-HwA-YBwD2Avd2Ew2h7fhrFEy1JYpAxlIyYZQEqTeRb2eUyLGqbRkSlaVZGjzVJ5gzUSTx3mFK_uEEnXIddU6eSnnhmDEelaQ02FUHTp9QQ-7VQ4f0GrPwjfaWSprW9D-r69wUrxzs7k_C7jn9C2VcX2NpCJQs5qf8cTJ31XeIP6am1r4pH4ZOQ/w582-h223/META_YahooFinanceChart.png" width="582" /></a></td></tr><tr><td class="tr-caption" style="text-align: center;"><span style="background-color: white; color: #cc0000;">Share price of Meta 3/2020 through 12/2022</span></td></tr></tbody></table><p></p><p dir="ltr" style="line-height: 1.2; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-top: 0pt;"><span style="font-family: Arial; font-size: 12pt; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; vertical-align: baseline; white-space: pre-wrap;"><u><span style="background-color: white; color: #0b5394;">Utilitarianism <span class="Apple-tab-span" style="white-space: pre;"> </span></span></u></span></p><p dir="ltr" style="line-height: 1.2; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-top: 0pt;"><span style="background-color: white; font-family: Arial; font-size: 12pt; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; vertical-align: baseline; white-space: pre-wrap;"><br /></span></p><p dir="ltr" style="line-height: 1.2; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-top: 0pt;"><span style="background-color: white; font-family: Arial; font-size: 12pt; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; vertical-align: baseline; white-space: pre-wrap;"><span> </span><span>Utilitarianism is a theory that allows for actions that maximize the most happiness in yourself and others. “Happiness or pleasure are the only things of intrinsic value” (Salazar_Slides) Utilitarianism believes that you should always tell the truth even if it doesn’t create happiness and that lying is morally impermissible. Trying to figure out if each Meta stakeholder's happiness was maximized in Zuckerberg’s decision to lay off 11,000 is a hard one to determine. It’s been shown that Meta has over 3 billion stakeholders but not each person was affected in the same way with the layoffs. Firstly you’d assume that the 11,000 that were laid off and their families were affected the worst in that they lost their job and source of income and who knows how long it could take them to get employment equal to what they had. In their declining profit and news of layoffs millions of shareholders saw the money they had invested in Meta drop as the share price dropped so they would be unhappy with the layoff decision. Utilitarianism would likely be ok with sacrificing the happiness of the 11,000 that lost their jobs and the profit loss for the shareholders that invested because laying off those workers could be needed for the future success of Meta. Utilitarianism would see that there are 3.71 billion users across Meta platforms that use social media which makes them happy. Online users' short term happiness isn’t as profound as losing your job. Since there are significantly more people receiving happiness from Meta’s platforms than those that lost their jobs, a Utilitarianist would see the layoff decision as a good one since it allowed for the most people to be happy. </span></span></p><span style="background-color: white;"><br /></span><p dir="ltr" style="line-height: 1.2; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-top: 0pt;"><span style="background-color: white; color: #1155cc; font-family: Arial; font-size: 12pt; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; text-decoration-line: underline; text-decoration-skip-ink: none; vertical-align: baseline; white-space: pre-wrap;">Kantianism</span></p><p dir="ltr" style="line-height: 1.2; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-top: 0pt;"><span style="background-color: white;"><span style="font-family: Arial; font-size: 12pt; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; vertical-align: baseline; white-space: pre-wrap;"><span class="Apple-tab-span" style="white-space: pre;"> </span></span><span><span style="font-family: Arial; font-size: 12pt; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; vertical-align: baseline; white-space: pre-wrap;">Meta’s layoff passed the Utilitarianism theory but it definitely does not pass the Kantianism theory. According to Kants, there is only one right motivation to do something and that’s because it is simply the right thing to do. Obviously laying off 11,000 workers 6 weeks before Christmas is not the right thing to do, especially when you’re still a multi-billion dollar company. Kant </span><span style="font-family: Arial; font-size: 12pt; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; vertical-align: baseline; white-space: pre-wrap;">defined morality using three Categorical Imperatives which are laws of rationality or logic. One of these imperatives is Humanity which means that we should always be fair and respectful and never treat people as a means to get something. Zuckerberg hired thousands of people likely knowing full well that social media usage wouldn’t remain as high as it was during the pandemic. He treated these people as a means to bring him more money knowing full well he would lay them off the minute they didn’t bring him value. Another problem that Kantians would find with Meta and Zuckerberg is that everything he did was motivated by self-interest. Hiring people, laying off people, selling personal data was all motivated by how it would impact his profit. Universal Law says that “you can act for that reason while at the same time willing that it be a universal law that everyone adopts that reason for acting.” (Salazar) Meta didn’t pass the universal law since their reason for acting was for profit and society would say the same for any other company that valued profits over people. </span></span></span></p><span style="background-color: white;"><br /></span><p dir="ltr" style="line-height: 1.2; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-top: 0pt;"><span style="background-color: white; color: #1155cc; font-family: Arial; font-size: 12pt; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; text-decoration-line: underline; text-decoration-skip-ink: none; vertical-align: baseline; white-space: pre-wrap;">Virtue Theory</span></p><table cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="tr-caption-container" style="float: left;"><tbody><tr><td style="text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEiWiBYzgjs55pP_32eouKmtWya9UsaJPU-ePkj95IV6_cs1H0yD94qqLw3a5vQJdEGkWSooP9ZfOvyTiIrfF6BBXlz52NMbwxnD29ujGy51oMOqM2QuqCXAi-aMwLvEnVMHp-rTYI2zEr-UjaYydf5GGkRsHybYj3jR7mm0_3BNOchdRaHNZ9ECODzF_g/s255/download.jpg" style="background-color: white; clear: left; margin-bottom: 1em; margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><img border="0" data-original-height="255" data-original-width="198" height="200" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEiWiBYzgjs55pP_32eouKmtWya9UsaJPU-ePkj95IV6_cs1H0yD94qqLw3a5vQJdEGkWSooP9ZfOvyTiIrfF6BBXlz52NMbwxnD29ujGy51oMOqM2QuqCXAi-aMwLvEnVMHp-rTYI2zEr-UjaYydf5GGkRsHybYj3jR7mm0_3BNOchdRaHNZ9ECODzF_g/w155-h200/download.jpg" width="155" /></a></td></tr><tr><td class="tr-caption" style="text-align: center;"><span style="background-color: white; color: red; font-family: arial;">CEO-Mark Zuckerberg</span></td></tr></tbody></table><span style="background-color: white; color: #1155cc; font-family: Arial; font-size: 12pt; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; text-decoration-line: underline; text-decoration-skip-ink: none; vertical-align: baseline; white-space: pre-wrap;"><br /></span><p></p><span style="background-color: white;"><br /></span><p dir="ltr" style="line-height: 1.2; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-top: 0pt;"><span style="background-color: white;"><span style="font-family: Arial; font-size: 12pt; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; vertical-align: baseline; white-space: pre-wrap;"><span class="Apple-tab-span" style="white-space: pre;"> </span></span><span style="font-family: Arial; font-size: 12pt; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; vertical-align: baseline; white-space: pre-wrap;">In looking at virtue theory Mark Zuckerberg would be the person to focus on as he is the CEO of Meta and all decisions are made and approved by him including the one to layoff 11,000 employees. There are four major virtues consisting of courage, temperance, justice, and honesty and does Zuckerberg appease these virtues in his daily role as CEO. Courage virtue consists of taking risks and having the courage to take a stand for the right ideas. Zuckerberg definitely took big risks as CEO of Meta in thinking that online usage would remain high, he thought it would continue so he hired tons of people, he spent money on new programs and invested further in the metaverse. Zuckerberg wouldn’t be as successful as he is without taking risks and he did stand up to the ideas he had that he thought would succeed so therefore he passes the Courage virtue. The temperance virtue is one that forces self control and It holds us accountable for our work and actions. Temperance slows things down and allows you to look at the bigger picture beyond what might be happening today. Zuckerberg wouldn’t pass the temperance virtue because he showed no real self control in jumping to hire thousands during the pandemic. If he had thought long term he would have seen that it was more likely online usage would drop as the pandemic went away. He could have predicted a future where those hired employees weren’t needed if he had shown some self-control instead of only seeing dollar signs early in the pandemic. Justice theory speaks for itself, were you a leader that was just and fair in your treatment of people. Did you work hard and were you honest and in this virtue Zuckerberg failed. As a CEO and leader if you make the wrong decisions and hire thousands of people only to lay them off a couple years later then that is not just. As the CEO Zuckerberg needs to take the blame for getting his prediction so wrong. Finally the fourth virtue is Honesty and was Zuckerberg honest in his treatment and hiring of employees and his treatment of customers and other companies he dealt with. Zuckerberg failed this virtue also since he hired people only for personal profit as I believe he knew this usage increase was going to be short term. He also wasn’t honest in what he did with customers' personal information in giving it to hackers. </span></span></p><span style="background-color: white;"><br /></span><p dir="ltr" style="line-height: 1.2; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-top: 0pt;"><span style="background-color: white; color: #1155cc; font-family: Arial; font-size: 12pt; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; text-decoration-line: underline; text-decoration-skip-ink: none; vertical-align: baseline; white-space: pre-wrap;">Justified Ethics Evaluation</span></p><span style="background-color: white;"><br /></span><p dir="ltr" style="line-height: 1.2; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-top: 0pt;"><span style="background-color: white;"><span style="font-family: Arial; font-size: 12pt; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; vertical-align: baseline; white-space: pre-wrap;"><span class="Apple-tab-span" style="white-space: pre;"> </span></span><span><span style="font-family: Arial; font-size: 12pt; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; vertical-align: baseline; white-space: pre-wrap;">In my opinion Mark Zuckerberg has failed in many ways ethically in protecting his employees right to work, his customers right to privacy, his platforms right to view honest and trustworthy material. Meta is a billion dollar company that should be held to a higher standard when it comes to being honest and fair and treating people with respect. I believe that Mark Zuckerberg knew that the pandemic wasn’t going to last forever and he hired thousands of people with the promise of good stable jobs. He used those people for 2.5 years for his own personal profit before laying off 11,000 of them. The fall of 2021 whistleblowers came out against Facebook and Zuckerberg with evidence as to the wrongdoings of the company. Just two months after these reports came out, Zuckerberg thought that by “rebranding” it would give him a fresh start. He wanted to ignore the problems the company had instead of facing them head on and dealing with them. After rebranding in the fall of 2021 to Meta the company continued to lose money. They saw a huge reduction in advertising money throughout 2022 due to the pandemic slowly ending. Meta also lost public faith when in March of 2022 it was found that they had given users personal data information to hackers. Meta lost money throughout 2022 until in November when Zuckerberg announced he was laying off 11,000 workers. While he did take blame for being wrong in predicting online usage would continue I think he was wrong in blaming competitors like Tik Tok or the fact that Apple was charging them more. Meta has a lot of internal problems and until Zuckerberg can take ownership of the many faults they have instead of blaming it on other things I believe we can expect more layoffs in their future. One of the biggest ethical problems I have with his decision to lay off is that “</span><span style="font-family: Arial; font-size: 12pt; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; vertical-align: baseline; white-space: pre-wrap;">in 2020, Facebook, Inc. spent $19.7 million on </span><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lobbying" style="text-decoration-line: none;"><span style="color: black; font-family: Arial; font-size: 12pt; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; vertical-align: baseline; white-space: pre-wrap;">lobbying</span></a><span style="font-family: Arial; font-size: 12pt; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; vertical-align: baseline; white-space: pre-wrap;">, hiring 79 lobbyists. Facebook was the largest spender of lobbying money among the 5 </span><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Big_Tech" style="text-decoration-line: none;"><span style="color: black; font-family: Arial; font-size: 12pt; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; vertical-align: baseline; white-space: pre-wrap;">Big Tech</span></a><span style="font-family: Arial; font-size: 12pt; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; vertical-align: baseline; white-space: pre-wrap;"> companies in 2020.” (Bloomberg) If they are spending that much on wasteful lobbying they could have figured out a way to not lay off 11,000 hard workers 6 weeks before Christmas.</span></span></span></p><div><span style="background-color: white;"><br /></span></div><span style="background-color: white;"><br /></span><p dir="ltr" style="line-height: 1.2; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-top: 0pt;"></p><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEjLBeGsVPcpcph4oRhUyt3dOKcHiCryiKp8-_SLqmjJtB19WdGxZ4E14wpIuH5ubz4EguvQsILR8Q6UfDXd7TvCfRBB4Hkd-5tbOHlgd7K-F_vqqF0urnucvmOC6SvEN7b81yqgm_wRJ0oBZy7uUuVRBAMJJOKOJalsVf6pVtgg2S052-2OEnjbbZO0LQ/s225/download.png" style="clear: right; float: right; margin-bottom: 1em; margin-left: 1em;"><span style="background-color: white;"><img border="0" data-original-height="225" data-original-width="225" height="200" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEjLBeGsVPcpcph4oRhUyt3dOKcHiCryiKp8-_SLqmjJtB19WdGxZ4E14wpIuH5ubz4EguvQsILR8Q6UfDXd7TvCfRBB4Hkd-5tbOHlgd7K-F_vqqF0urnucvmOC6SvEN7b81yqgm_wRJ0oBZy7uUuVRBAMJJOKOJalsVf6pVtgg2S052-2OEnjbbZO0LQ/w200-h200/download.png" width="200" /></span></a></div><span style="background-color: white; color: #1155cc; font-family: Arial; font-size: 12pt; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; text-decoration-line: underline; text-decoration-skip-ink: none; vertical-align: baseline; white-space: pre-wrap;">Conclusion</span><p></p><span style="background-color: white;"><br /></span><p dir="ltr" style="line-height: 1.2; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-top: 0pt;"><span style="background-color: white;"><span style="font-family: Arial; font-size: 12pt; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; vertical-align: baseline; white-space: pre-wrap;"><span class="Apple-tab-span" style="white-space: pre;"> </span></span><span style="font-family: Arial; font-size: 12pt; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; vertical-align: baseline; white-space: pre-wrap;">In conclusion Zuckerberg is one of the richest and powerful business minds of mine and likely most generations. He surrounds himself with some of the smartest people to maintain a company that almost 4 billion users rely on. I can’t talk to the complexities of how hard it must be for Mark Zuckerberg. I can however talk to the basic decencies of human interactions and treating people. Never should a person's well-being be second to your personal profit. Never should false information or science denying platforms be openly shared so easily that can hurt real people. Never should personal information be sold because it can make someone a profit. Zuckerberg might think the metaverse is the future of social media, but before we get there he has a responsibility to be moral and just and honest and truthful to all of Meta’s stakeholders, today, tomorrow, and in the metaverse. </span></span></p><span style="background-color: white;"><br /></span><div style="text-align: center;"><span id="docs-internal-guid-07c9baee-7fff-80b7-5ad2-f36e9d8db1bc"><span style="font-family: Arial; font-size: 14pt; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-weight: 700; vertical-align: baseline; white-space: pre-wrap;"><span style="background-color: white; color: #0b5394;">Facebook-Meta Timeline</span></span></span></div><span style="background-color: white;"><span id="docs-internal-guid-3640dbad-7fff-b946-8246-1c0efd96de14"><span style="font-family: Arial; font-size: 12pt; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; vertical-align: baseline; white-space: pre-wrap;">Major events from the creation of Facebook to their rebranding to META to their layoff of 11,000</span></span><br /><br /><span id="docs-internal-guid-ddc84c73-7fff-1faf-7942-ddcf0b456372"><p dir="ltr" style="line-height: 1.2; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-top: 0pt;"><span style="font-family: Arial; font-size: 12pt; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; vertical-align: baseline; white-space: pre-wrap;">2/2004 </span><span style="font-family: Arial; font-size: 12pt; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; vertical-align: baseline; white-space: pre-wrap;"><span class="Apple-tab-span" style="white-space: pre;"> </span></span><span style="font-family: Arial; font-size: 12pt; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; vertical-align: baseline; white-space: pre-wrap;">→</span><span style="font-family: Arial; font-size: 12pt; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; vertical-align: baseline; white-space: pre-wrap;"><span class="Apple-tab-span" style="white-space: pre;"> </span></span><span style="font-family: Arial; font-size: 12pt; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; vertical-align: baseline; white-space: pre-wrap;">MARK ZUCKERBERG FOUNDED FACEBOOK</span><span style="font-family: Arial; font-size: 12pt; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; vertical-align: baseline; white-space: pre-wrap;"><span class="Apple-tab-span" style="white-space: pre;"> </span></span></p><p dir="ltr" style="line-height: 1.2; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-top: 0pt;"><span style="font-family: Arial; font-size: 12pt; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; vertical-align: baseline; white-space: pre-wrap;">1/2012</span><span style="font-family: Arial; font-size: 12pt; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; vertical-align: baseline; white-space: pre-wrap;"><span class="Apple-tab-span" style="white-space: pre;"> </span></span><span style="font-family: Arial; font-size: 12pt; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; vertical-align: baseline; white-space: pre-wrap;">→</span><span style="font-family: Arial; font-size: 12pt; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; vertical-align: baseline; white-space: pre-wrap;"><span class="Apple-tab-span" style="white-space: pre;"> </span></span><span style="font-family: Arial; font-size: 12pt; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; vertical-align: baseline; white-space: pre-wrap;">FACEBOOK FILED IPO, COMPANY VALUED AT 104 BILLION</span></p><p dir="ltr" style="line-height: 1.2; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-top: 0pt;"><span style="font-family: Arial; font-size: 12pt; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; vertical-align: baseline; white-space: pre-wrap;">2/2012</span><span style="font-family: Arial; font-size: 12pt; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; vertical-align: baseline; white-space: pre-wrap;"><span class="Apple-tab-span" style="white-space: pre;"> </span></span><span style="font-family: Arial; font-size: 12pt; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; vertical-align: baseline; white-space: pre-wrap;">→</span><span style="font-family: Arial; font-size: 12pt; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; vertical-align: baseline; white-space: pre-wrap;"><span class="Apple-tab-span" style="white-space: pre;"> </span></span><span style="font-family: Arial; font-size: 12pt; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; vertical-align: baseline; white-space: pre-wrap;">FACEBOOK BOUGHT WHATSAPP FOR 19 BILLION</span></p><p dir="ltr" style="line-height: 1.2; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-top: 0pt;"><span style="font-family: Arial; font-size: 12pt; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; vertical-align: baseline; white-space: pre-wrap;">3/2012</span><span style="font-family: Arial; font-size: 12pt; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; vertical-align: baseline; white-space: pre-wrap;"><span class="Apple-tab-span" style="white-space: pre;"> </span></span><span style="font-family: Arial; font-size: 12pt; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; vertical-align: baseline; white-space: pre-wrap;">→</span><span style="font-family: Arial; font-size: 12pt; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; vertical-align: baseline; white-space: pre-wrap;"><span class="Apple-tab-span" style="white-space: pre;"> </span></span><span style="font-family: Arial; font-size: 12pt; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; vertical-align: baseline; white-space: pre-wrap;">FACEBOOK BOUGHT OCULUS VR FOR 2.3 BILLION</span></p><p dir="ltr" style="line-height: 1.2; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-top: 0pt;"><span style="font-family: Arial; font-size: 12pt; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; vertical-align: baseline; white-space: pre-wrap;">4/2012</span><span style="font-family: Arial; font-size: 12pt; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; vertical-align: baseline; white-space: pre-wrap;"><span class="Apple-tab-span" style="white-space: pre;"> </span></span><span style="font-family: Arial; font-size: 12pt; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; vertical-align: baseline; white-space: pre-wrap;">→</span><span style="font-family: Arial; font-size: 12pt; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; vertical-align: baseline; white-space: pre-wrap;"><span class="Apple-tab-span" style="white-space: pre;"> </span></span><span style="font-family: Arial; font-size: 12pt; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; vertical-align: baseline; white-space: pre-wrap;">FACEBOOK BOUGHT INSTAGRAM FOR 1 BILLION</span></p><p dir="ltr" style="line-height: 1.2; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-top: 0pt;"><span style="font-family: Arial; font-size: 12pt; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; vertical-align: baseline; white-space: pre-wrap;">3/2020</span><span style="font-family: Arial; font-size: 12pt; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; vertical-align: baseline; white-space: pre-wrap;"><span class="Apple-tab-span" style="white-space: pre;"> </span></span><span style="font-family: Arial; font-size: 12pt; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; vertical-align: baseline; white-space: pre-wrap;">→</span><span style="font-family: Arial; font-size: 12pt; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; vertical-align: baseline; white-space: pre-wrap;"><span class="Apple-tab-span" style="white-space: pre;"> </span></span><span style="font-family: Arial; font-size: 12pt; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; vertical-align: baseline; white-space: pre-wrap;">COVID PANDEMIC BEGINS - CURRENT EMPLOYEES 48,268</span></p><p dir="ltr" style="line-height: 1.2; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-top: 0pt;"><span style="font-family: Arial; font-size: 12pt; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; vertical-align: baseline; white-space: pre-wrap;">10/2021</span><span style="font-family: Arial; font-size: 12pt; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; vertical-align: baseline; white-space: pre-wrap;"><span class="Apple-tab-span" style="white-space: pre;"> </span></span><span style="font-family: Arial; font-size: 12pt; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; vertical-align: baseline; white-space: pre-wrap;">→</span><span style="font-family: Arial; font-size: 12pt; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; vertical-align: baseline; white-space: pre-wrap;"><span class="Apple-tab-span" style="white-space: pre;"> </span></span><span style="font-family: Arial; font-size: 12pt; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; vertical-align: baseline; white-space: pre-wrap;">FACEBOOK RECEIVES 97.5% REVENUE FROM ADVERTISING</span></p><p dir="ltr" style="line-height: 1.2; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-top: 0pt;"><span style="font-family: Arial; font-size: 12pt; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; vertical-align: baseline; white-space: pre-wrap;">10/2021</span><span style="font-family: Arial; font-size: 12pt; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; vertical-align: baseline; white-space: pre-wrap;"><span class="Apple-tab-span" style="white-space: pre;"> </span></span><span style="font-family: Arial; font-size: 12pt; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; vertical-align: baseline; white-space: pre-wrap;">→</span><span style="font-family: Arial; font-size: 12pt; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; vertical-align: baseline; white-space: pre-wrap;"><span class="Apple-tab-span" style="white-space: pre;"> </span></span><span style="font-family: Arial; font-size: 12pt; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; vertical-align: baseline; white-space: pre-wrap;">FACEBOOK NAME CHANGE TO META PLATFORMS, INC.</span></p><p dir="ltr" style="line-height: 1.2; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-top: 0pt;"><span style="font-family: Arial; font-size: 12pt; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; vertical-align: baseline; white-space: pre-wrap;">2/2022</span><span style="font-family: Arial; font-size: 12pt; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; vertical-align: baseline; white-space: pre-wrap;"><span class="Apple-tab-span" style="white-space: pre;"> </span></span><span style="font-family: Arial; font-size: 12pt; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; vertical-align: baseline; white-space: pre-wrap;">→</span><span style="font-family: Arial; font-size: 12pt; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; vertical-align: baseline; white-space: pre-wrap;"><span class="Apple-tab-span" style="white-space: pre;"> </span></span><span style="font-family: Arial; font-size: 12pt; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; vertical-align: baseline; white-space: pre-wrap;">META REPORTS BIG DECLINE IN PROFITS FROM Q4</span></p><p dir="ltr" style="line-height: 1.2; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-top: 0pt;"><span style="font-family: Arial; font-size: 12pt; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; vertical-align: baseline; white-space: pre-wrap;">2/2022</span><span style="font-family: Arial; font-size: 12pt; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; vertical-align: baseline; white-space: pre-wrap;"><span class="Apple-tab-span" style="white-space: pre;"> </span></span><span style="font-family: Arial; font-size: 12pt; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; vertical-align: baseline; white-space: pre-wrap;">→</span><span style="font-family: Arial; font-size: 12pt; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; vertical-align: baseline; white-space: pre-wrap;"><span class="Apple-tab-span" style="white-space: pre;"> </span></span><span style="font-family: Arial; font-size: 12pt; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; vertical-align: baseline; white-space: pre-wrap;">META LOSES 230 BILLION IN MARKET VALUE</span></p><p dir="ltr" style="line-height: 1.2; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-top: 0pt;"><span style="font-family: Arial; font-size: 12pt; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; vertical-align: baseline; white-space: pre-wrap;">3/2022</span><span style="font-family: Arial; font-size: 12pt; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; vertical-align: baseline; white-space: pre-wrap;"><span class="Apple-tab-span" style="white-space: pre;"> </span></span><span style="font-family: Arial; font-size: 12pt; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; vertical-align: baseline; white-space: pre-wrap;">→</span><span style="font-family: Arial; font-size: 12pt; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; vertical-align: baseline; white-space: pre-wrap;"><span class="Apple-tab-span" style="white-space: pre;"> </span>NEWS REPORTS </span><span style="font-family: Arial; font-size: 12pt; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; vertical-align: baseline; white-space: pre-wrap;">META GAVE PERSONAL DATA TO HACKERS</span></p><p dir="ltr" style="line-height: 1.2; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-top: 0pt;"><span style="font-family: Arial; font-size: 12pt; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; vertical-align: baseline; white-space: pre-wrap;">6/2022</span><span style="font-family: Arial; font-size: 12pt; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; vertical-align: baseline; white-space: pre-wrap;"><span class="Apple-tab-span" style="white-space: pre;"> </span></span><span style="font-family: Arial; font-size: 12pt; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; vertical-align: baseline; white-space: pre-wrap;">→</span><span style="font-family: Arial; font-size: 12pt; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; vertical-align: baseline; white-space: pre-wrap;"><span class="Apple-tab-span" style="white-space: pre;"> </span></span><span style="font-family: Arial; font-size: 12pt; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; vertical-align: baseline; white-space: pre-wrap;">COO OF 14 YEARS ANNOUNCED SHE’S LEAVING META</span></p><p dir="ltr" style="line-height: 1.2; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-top: 0pt;"><span style="font-family: Arial; font-size: 12pt; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; vertical-align: baseline; white-space: pre-wrap;">7/2022</span><span style="font-family: Arial; font-size: 12pt; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; vertical-align: baseline; white-space: pre-wrap;"><span class="Apple-tab-span" style="white-space: pre;"> </span></span><span style="font-family: Arial; font-size: 12pt; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; vertical-align: baseline; white-space: pre-wrap;">→</span><span style="font-family: Arial; font-size: 12pt; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; vertical-align: baseline; white-space: pre-wrap;"><span class="Apple-tab-span" style="white-space: pre;"> </span></span><span style="font-family: Arial; font-size: 12pt; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; vertical-align: baseline; white-space: pre-wrap;">FIRST EVER REPORTED YEARLY REVENUE DECLINE BY 1%</span></p><p dir="ltr" style="line-height: 1.2; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-top: 0pt;"><span style="font-family: Arial; font-size: 12pt; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; vertical-align: baseline; white-space: pre-wrap;">9/2022</span><span style="font-family: Arial; font-size: 12pt; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; vertical-align: baseline; white-space: pre-wrap;"><span class="Apple-tab-span" style="white-space: pre;"> </span></span><span style="font-family: Arial; font-size: 12pt; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; vertical-align: baseline; white-space: pre-wrap;">→</span><span style="font-family: Arial; font-size: 12pt; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; vertical-align: baseline; white-space: pre-wrap;"><span class="Apple-tab-span" style="white-space: pre;"> </span></span><span style="font-family: Arial; font-size: 12pt; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; vertical-align: baseline; white-space: pre-wrap;">META EMPLOYS 87,314, UP 80% SINCE PANDEMIC BEGAN</span></p><span style="font-family: Arial; font-size: 12pt; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; vertical-align: baseline; white-space: pre-wrap;">11/2022</span><span style="font-family: Arial; font-size: 12pt; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; vertical-align: baseline; white-space: pre-wrap;"><span class="Apple-tab-span" style="white-space: pre;"> </span></span><span style="font-family: Arial; font-size: 12pt; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; vertical-align: baseline; white-space: pre-wrap;">→</span><span style="font-family: Arial; font-size: 12pt; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; vertical-align: baseline; white-space: pre-wrap;"><span class="Apple-tab-span" style="white-space: pre;"> </span></span><span style="font-family: Arial; font-size: 12pt; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; vertical-align: baseline; white-space: pre-wrap;">META LAYS OFF 11,000 OR 13% OF ITS WORKFORCE</span></span></span><div><span><span style="font-family: Arial;"><span style="background-color: white; white-space: pre-wrap;"><br /></span></span></span></div><div><span><span style="font-family: Arial;"><span style="background-color: white; white-space: pre-wrap;"><br /></span></span></span></div><div><span><span style="font-family: Arial;"><span style="background-color: white; white-space: pre-wrap;"><br /></span></span></span></div><div><span style="background-color: white;"><span><span style="font-family: Arial;"><span style="white-space: pre-wrap;"><span>Jake Harrison</span><span><br /></span></span></span><p dir="ltr" style="line-height: 1.2; margin-bottom: 12pt; margin-left: 28pt; margin-top: 12pt; text-align: center;"><br /></p><p dir="ltr" style="line-height: 1.2; margin-bottom: 12pt; margin-left: 28pt; margin-top: 12pt; text-align: left;"><span style="color: #0b5394; font-family: Arial;"><span style="white-space: pre-wrap;"><u>Works Cited</u></span></span></p><p dir="ltr" style="line-height: 1.2; margin-bottom: 12pt; margin-top: 12pt; text-indent: 36pt;"><span style="font-family: arial; font-size: x-small;"><span style="font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; vertical-align: baseline; white-space: pre-wrap;">Frenkel, Sheera, et al. “Meta Lays off More than 11,000 Employees.” </span><span style="font-style: italic; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; vertical-align: baseline; white-space: pre-wrap;">The New York Times</span><span style="font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; vertical-align: baseline; white-space: pre-wrap;">, The New York Times, 9 Nov. 2022, https://www.nytimes.com/2022/11/09/technology/meta-layoffs-facebook.html. </span><span style="font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; vertical-align: baseline; white-space: pre-wrap;"><span class="Apple-tab-span" style="white-space: pre;"> </span></span></span></p><p dir="ltr" style="line-height: 1.2; margin-bottom: 12pt; margin-top: 12pt; text-indent: 36pt;"><span style="font-family: arial; font-size: x-small;"><span style="font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; vertical-align: baseline; white-space: pre-wrap;">“Mark Zuckerberg's Message to Meta Employees.” </span><span style="font-style: italic; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; vertical-align: baseline; white-space: pre-wrap;">Meta</span><span style="font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; vertical-align: baseline; white-space: pre-wrap;">, 9 Nov. 2022, https://about.fb.com/news/2022/11/mark-zuckerberg-layoff-message-to-employees/. </span></span></p><p dir="ltr" style="line-height: 1.2; margin-bottom: 12pt; margin-top: 12pt; text-indent: 36pt;"><span style="font-family: arial; font-size: x-small;"><span style="font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; vertical-align: baseline; white-space: pre-wrap;">Perrigo, Billy. “Why Whistleblower Frances Haugen Decided to Take on Facebook.” </span><span style="font-style: italic; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; vertical-align: baseline; white-space: pre-wrap;">Time</span><span style="font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; vertical-align: baseline; white-space: pre-wrap;">, Time, 22 Nov. 2021, https://time.com/6121931/frances-haugen-facebook-whistleblower-profile/. </span></span></p><p dir="ltr" style="line-height: 1.2; margin-bottom: 12pt; margin-top: 12pt; text-indent: 36pt;"><span style="font-family: arial; font-size: x-small;"><span style="font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; vertical-align: baseline; white-space: pre-wrap;">Person, and Katie Paul. “Exclusive: Meta Slashes Hiring Plans, Girds for 'Fierce' Headwinds.” </span><span style="font-style: italic; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; vertical-align: baseline; white-space: pre-wrap;">Reuters</span><span style="font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; vertical-align: baseline; white-space: pre-wrap;">, Thomson Reuters, 1 July 2022, https://www.reuters.com/technology/exclusive-meta-girds-fierce-headwinds-slower-growth-second-half-memo-2022-06-30/. </span></span></p><p dir="ltr" style="line-height: 1.2; margin-bottom: 12pt; margin-top: 12pt; text-indent: 36pt;"><span style="font-family: arial; font-size: x-small;"><span style="font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; vertical-align: baseline; white-space: pre-wrap;">Turton, William. “Apple, Meta Gave User Data to Hackers with Forged Legal Requests (AAPL, FB).” </span><span style="font-style: italic; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; vertical-align: baseline; white-space: pre-wrap;">Bloomberg.com</span><span style="font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; vertical-align: baseline; white-space: pre-wrap;">, Bloomberg, 30 Mar. 2022, https://www.bloomberg.com/news/articles/2022-03-30/apple-meta-gave-user-data-to-hackers-who-forged-legal-requests. </span></span></p><span style="font-family: arial; font-size: x-small;"><span style="font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; vertical-align: baseline; white-space: pre-wrap;">Wagner, Kurt. “Meta Freezes Hiring, Cuts Headcount, Slashes Budgets across Teams.” </span><span style="font-style: italic; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; vertical-align: baseline; white-space: pre-wrap;">Bloomberg.com</span><span style="font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; vertical-align: baseline; white-space: pre-wrap;">, Bloomberg, 29 Sept. 2022, https://www.bloomberg.com/news/articles/2022-09-29/meta-announces-hiring-freeze-warns-employees-of-restructuring?srnd=premium#xj4y7vzkg. </span></span></span><span style="font-family: trebuchet; font-size: x-small;"><span><br /></span><br /></span></span><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"><span style="background-color: white; font-family: trebuchet; font-size: x-small;"><br /></span></div><br /></div>Jake Harrisonhttp://www.blogger.com/profile/09248370987314596435noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-3346515991378239658.post-16429595080647494622022-12-02T13:40:00.013-08:002022-12-07T14:18:30.024-08:00Twitter: Elon Musk Clashes with Advertisers (2022)<p></p><p class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal;"><span style="color: #4472c4; font-family: "Times New Roman",serif; font-size: 12pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-themecolor: accent1;">ABSTRACT<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; text-indent: 0.5in;"><span style="color: black; font-family: "Times New Roman",serif; font-size: 12pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-themecolor: text1;"></span></p><table cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="tr-caption-container" style="float: left;"><tbody><tr><td style="text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEixY8SWJcy-qUO0-AZpm4vYmFk28WeFlghN6F5RFw46WlvI4shjg8fkM8mTWuMoLwZ_mb5O1rP24JtYOEans0yIsutbg4WaKDNEfyqz5WZdPmtXT1k6Tnyc42f7hC3nGznk6k9nDwzCSpIM7mpgm0Hpt0gbdGVSgG4NvuME8uiAmwmMZQBa5AA9PNhd6Q/s352/Screenshot_20221202_031749.png" style="clear: left; margin-bottom: 1em; margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><img border="0" data-original-height="351" data-original-width="352" height="199" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEixY8SWJcy-qUO0-AZpm4vYmFk28WeFlghN6F5RFw46WlvI4shjg8fkM8mTWuMoLwZ_mb5O1rP24JtYOEans0yIsutbg4WaKDNEfyqz5WZdPmtXT1k6Tnyc42f7hC3nGznk6k9nDwzCSpIM7mpgm0Hpt0gbdGVSgG4NvuME8uiAmwmMZQBa5AA9PNhd6Q/w200-h199/Screenshot_20221202_031749.png" width="200" /></a></td></tr><tr><td class="tr-caption" style="text-align: center;"><b>Twitter Application<br /> Logo</b></td></tr></tbody></table><span style="color: black; font-family: "Times New Roman",serif; font-size: 12pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-themecolor: text1;"><br /><span> </span>Twitter is a phenomenally
successful social media platform, but new leadership may just be driving it
into the ground. Elon Musk, a familiar name to most, just recently bought and
become the new owner of Twitter. Elon Musk has shown extreme behaviors, did not
hesitate to change guidelines, and granted Twitter account access back to previously
banned controversial users. Behind closed doors, Musk is demanding employees
commit to intense hours of work and threatened consequences if employees do not
conform. Advertisers quickly became wary of his strategy and unsure of his
leadership. Musk is now trying to convince advertisers to stay at the company
and continue working for him. His actions are not only affecting himself, but
the employees, advertisers, and the community of Twitter users as well. <o:p></o:p></span><p></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; text-indent: 0.5in;"><span style="color: black; font-family: "Times New Roman",serif; font-size: 12pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-themecolor: text1;">This case will be reviewed under
various ethical theories including Individualism, Utilitarianism, Kantianism,
and Virtue Theory. Individualists would argue that Elon Musk is unethical because
he is willing to express behaviors, even at the risk of profit. Utilitarianists
would claim that Elon Musk is unethical because he is not prioritizing the
happiness of employees or other Twitter users. Kantians would argue that Elon
Musk is unethical because he has the wrong motivations and a lack of
rationality. Virtue Theory would claim that Elon Musk is ethical because he is
looking to use Twitter to its full potential. Personally, I say Elon Musk in
relation to Twitter is unethical because of his extreme behavior and treatment
of others. <o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal;"><span style="color: #4472c4; font-family: "Times New Roman",serif; font-size: 12pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-themecolor: accent1;">ETHICS CASE CONTROVERSY<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; text-indent: 0.5in;"><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman",serif; font-size: 12pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">Twitter has been one of the most popular social media
platforms for the better part of the last fifteen years. Twitter is a platform
in which users can “tweet” their thoughts, share posts with friends, and see
the news. Of course, like any other social media website, Twitter has set
regulations and guidelines for limiting the content to keep it appropriate for
all users. Twitter, in the past, banned users and controversial figures that
failed to follow guidelines and was distributing posts that may not be
appropriate for many. Musk has taken over Twitter and made changes regarding
those banned accounts. Twitter advertisers think that the new leadership may be
causing Twitter to take a turn for the worst. <o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; text-indent: 0.5in;"><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman",serif; font-size: 12pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";"></span></p><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman",serif; font-size: 12pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";"><table cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="tr-caption-container" style="float: right;"><tbody><tr><td style="text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEj3Oz7Ys_WkW_ArK_Jq_3QgDeHHQj6YucgeUU9LZMucv0wnes1RTH3i7b4dX3WxFsiOFPlD1C4M4HCBWflqJjrt4EkJl2LgW5KRwV_b2D18TRVD9alGJcMRVWBsezK1YigFBRBl208pSihpsQjzn9bBVV6xH6X8SJwx6AiSWR8SM6d1rx2JXpomMHVs2w/s1608/Elon%20Musk%20Takeover%202022.png" style="clear: right; margin-bottom: 1em; margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><img border="0" data-original-height="1608" data-original-width="800" height="400" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEj3Oz7Ys_WkW_ArK_Jq_3QgDeHHQj6YucgeUU9LZMucv0wnes1RTH3i7b4dX3WxFsiOFPlD1C4M4HCBWflqJjrt4EkJl2LgW5KRwV_b2D18TRVD9alGJcMRVWBsezK1YigFBRBl208pSihpsQjzn9bBVV6xH6X8SJwx6AiSWR8SM6d1rx2JXpomMHVs2w/w199-h400/Elon%20Musk%20Takeover%202022.png" width="199" /></a></td></tr><tr><td class="tr-caption" style="text-align: center;"><b>Timeline of Elon Musk's<br />Twitter Takeover</b></td></tr></tbody></table><br /><span> </span>In January 2022, Elon Musk began buying shares of Twitter.
On April 4, 2022, Musk became Twitter’s biggest shareholder, owning just over 9%
of the company in shares. On October 27, 2022, Elon Musk officially bought
Twitter and fully owned it through a <a name="_Int_BfOjPBWu">$44 billion</a>
deal. Within <a name="_Int_mbHxjHla">48 hours</a> after his takeover, Musk
posted, then quickly deleted, a tweet with anti-LGBTQ content. Since then,
guidelines have been edited and “far-right figures [began] to test Twitter’s
boundaries for anti-LGBTQ speech” (Wile). Musk denied making the changes and because
of this, advertisers have claimed they will back away from the company due to
being unsure about Musk’s strategy. These actions are ethically controversial
because Musk is allowing for more freedom of speech and expression, but this
can be hurtful or inappropriate to other users that may be sensitive to such
subjects, or just not mature enough yet. <o:p></o:p></span><p></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; text-indent: 0.5in;"><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman",serif; font-size: 12pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">Musk has also shown close to no remorse for the employees at
the company. On November 16<sup>th</sup>, Musk sent out an email to the entire
company that demands the employees to commit to longer hours of higher
intensity work. He stated those that do not conform to the new expectations, or
support his ideas, will receive three months of severance. Elon Musk did not
hesitate to make alterations in the company’s staff, as he fired an engineer,
top executives, and up to twenty others. Those he fired included ones that
criticized him and his tactics for what he is calling “Twitter 2.0<a name="_Int_dUN7PsZR">”,</a> the new and updated version of Twitter. The
treatment of employees is alarming and does not follow the ethical lines of
certain theories. Not only is this treatment intimidating to advertisers, but
it is also unfair and can cause them to walk away. Watching a business lose
bunches of employees at a time is not something a partnering company wants to
experience. They want to be able to trust their partner company, but Elon Musk
is making it extremely difficult for advertisers to do so. <o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; text-indent: 0.5in;"><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman",serif; font-size: 12pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">In political fairness views, Elon Musk has been exposed to
fact checking democratic party members and even posted content speaking against
the democratic party. Though there may not being anything wrong with expressing
one’s political favors, Elon Musk’s speech was strong and aggressive. Being
such a big figure that collects a lot of attention, speaking out with political
opinions can be controversial. One must be careful when going about this
because the wrong words can offend someone viewing it and may even be taken the
wrong way. Musk is trying to create a platform that respects all free speech,
but a certain algorithm to his madness has been detected. Before his takeover,
Twitter was <a name="_Int_m1aM7yiw">mainly only</a> fact checking republicans. Now
that Musk has control, he wants all political parties to get fact checked and seems
to be targeting the democrats. This includes fact checking United States
President, Joe Biden, about tax claims. Recently, the White House “was forced to
delete a tweet that credited [Biden] for an increase in Social Security payments
after being flagged by Twitter as being inaccurate” (Tillison). These political
interactive behaviors of fact-checking democrats, tweeting against the
democratic party, and changing Twitter’s boundaries in favor of republicans is
a controversial approach. People feel passionately about their political views,
and with Twitter clawing at only one party, people quickly become unhappy, and
advertisers do not want unhappy people. <o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; text-indent: 0.5in;"><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman",serif; font-size: 12pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">Twitter’s advertisers quickly noticed Musk’s approach
strategy and became wary. The top twenty advertisers of Twitter are even
“urging their leaders to pull ads unless Musk agrees to crack down on hate
speech” (Barrabi). The new behaviors of Twitter are unpleasing to advertisers
and are causing them to pull away from associating with the platform. Advertisers
are not sitting comfortably with the political and social tactics of the new
guidelines. All kinds of attention are being drawn towards the clash between
Elon Musk and advertisers, but the ethical aspects of it are also playing a
significant role in <a name="_Int_hDjt4bBr">the dynamics</a>. <o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal;"><span style="color: #4472c4; font-family: "Times New Roman",serif; font-size: 12pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-themecolor: accent1;">STAKEHOLDERS<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; text-indent: 0.5in;"><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman",serif; font-size: 12pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";"></span></p><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman",serif; font-size: 12pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";"><span> </span><o:p></o:p></span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman", serif; font-size: 12pt; text-indent: 0.5in;">This case intertwines several groups
of people in diverse ways. First, there is Elon Musk. He is the owner of
Twitter, makes all the decisions, has people working for </span><a name="_Int_qHhzfJ17" style="font-family: "Times New Roman", serif; font-size: 12pt; text-indent: 0.5in;">him,
and</a><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman", serif; font-size: 12pt; text-indent: 0.5in;"> </span><a name="_Int_tjb3bBqS" style="font-family: "Times New Roman", serif; font-size: 12pt; text-indent: 0.5in;">is</a><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman", serif; font-size: 12pt; text-indent: 0.5in;"> catching all the blame. Next, there are Twitter
users, who are being affected by the change in guidelines. Then, there are Twitter
employees, who are being overworked, ordered to commit to intense hours of
work, and are threatened with being fired. Lastly, there are the advertisers, who are
highly affected by Twitter activity and business decisions. As a result of
Musk’s tactics, advertisers are pleading that their leaders opt out of working
with Twitter any longer. Some advertisers, like Coca-Cola and Kellog’s, have
already stopped working with Twitter. Each of these groups and individuals play
a part in this case and can make a difference in the result. Musk can make better
decisions, users of Twitter can remain respectful on the app, employees can do
their best to work with one another to keep Twitter under control, and the
advertisers can decide whether Twitter is the best business partner for them. Each
of these people </span><a name="_Int_zmbKG7f9" style="font-family: "Times New Roman", serif; font-size: 12pt; text-indent: 0.5in;">are</a><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman", serif; font-size: 12pt; text-indent: 0.5in;"> involved and affected by
whatever types of changes are being made through Twitter. But Elon Musk is the
single defendant.</span><p class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 200%; text-indent: .5in;"><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman",serif; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 200%; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";"><o:p></o:p></span></p><p></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal;"><span style="color: #4472c4; font-family: "Times New Roman",serif; font-size: 12pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-themecolor: accent1;">INDIVIDUALISM<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; text-indent: 0.5in;"><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman",serif; font-size: 12pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">Individualists would consider Elon Musk to be unethical
because he is not prioritizing Twitter’s profit. He is making choices that are
dragging the profit down. In early November, “Musk admitted that Twitter has
seen a ‘massive drop in revenue’ since he took over the company” (Barrabi). In
an individualist’s perspective, this is unacceptable because being ethical is
about prioritizing profit for one’s business. Elon Musk is not doing that. He makes
whichever choices he wants, even if they are being disagreed with and looked
down upon. The profit for the platform boldly reflects it, but Musk is not
making many alterations to fix this. Musk opened and took a poll on whether the
previous United States President, Donald Trump, should be invited back to
Twitter. This poll collected over fifteen million responses and close to fifty-two
percent of them voted “Yes” to allowing Trump back onto the site (MSN). Aside
from this poll, there is not much Elon Musk has done to consider the thoughts
of users. Musk is thinking of himself first, and this is losing Twitter loads
of profit. <o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; text-indent: 0.5in;"><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman",serif; font-size: 12pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";"></span></p><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman",serif; font-size: 12pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";"><table cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="tr-caption-container" style="float: left;"><tbody><tr><td style="text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEjX4dyWgUHsHa0QlrfQL0tkNrzkjH3xUxQHGiQs0jwcuAgMztj65HzdrqmEh1w6wbLPkzIBIXaGcK5bsIor6b09r9zrFPKstvfQjKnLmd1laGzacWgkK5kdIaadLkaC7OUCEfrWKtVuLmt7jAV40QLPKrrM92KU7AwVtWcGzsoiVWgpbW8sLlsXwvVCTw/s869/Screenshot_20221202_031221.png" style="clear: left; margin-bottom: 1em; margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><img border="0" data-original-height="498" data-original-width="869" height="183" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEjX4dyWgUHsHa0QlrfQL0tkNrzkjH3xUxQHGiQs0jwcuAgMztj65HzdrqmEh1w6wbLPkzIBIXaGcK5bsIor6b09r9zrFPKstvfQjKnLmd1laGzacWgkK5kdIaadLkaC7OUCEfrWKtVuLmt7jAV40QLPKrrM92KU7AwVtWcGzsoiVWgpbW8sLlsXwvVCTw/w320-h183/Screenshot_20221202_031221.png" width="320" /></a></td></tr><tr><td class="tr-caption" style="text-align: center;"><b>Elon Musk (left), newest owner of Twitter, <br />and Tim Cook (right), CEO of Apple.</b></td></tr></tbody></table><br /><span> </span>One of the largest companies on Twitter, Apple, recently
stopped advertising on the site. On November 28, 2022, Musk stated that Apple
has threatened to take Twitter off the app store. This would tear down the
platform. In response, Musk publicly tweeted about the incident, saying that
Apple has threatened the removal but without giving a reason. He then posted <a name="_Int_7Fdjmry2">a following</a> tweet “insinuating the company may hate
free speech in the US” (Oparada). Rather than managing an issue and finding a
solution, Musk brings it to the public light, knowing the risks. It has become
clear that Elon Musk is more concerned with transforming the app how he wants to,
rather than focusing much attention on the platform’s profit. Musk is knowingly
losing money but carrying on with statements instead of solutions. An <a name="_Int_jnt0D9aq">individualist</a> would claim it is unethical because it
is not what is best for the company. <span style="color: #4472c4; mso-themecolor: accent1;"><o:p></o:p></span></span><p></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal;"><span style="color: #4472c4; font-family: "Times New Roman",serif; font-size: 12pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-themecolor: accent1;">UTILITARIANISM<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; text-indent: 0.5in;"><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman",serif; font-size: 12pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">Because the recent Twitter activity has been bothersome to
many, a utilitarian would claim that Elon Musk is extremely unethical. A
behavioral tactic that is uncomforting to many people is the alteration of
language that is allowed and the fact checking of certain parties. When Musk
posted the anti-LGBTQ content, and far-right figures began doing the same, many
were bothered by this and the lenience. Those in the LGBTQ community, or those
with sensitive feelings towards <a name="_Int_5uknfrda">it,</a> find this
disrespectful. The so-called “hate speech” is very upsetting to many people and
the utilitarian perspective would observe this overall lack of happiness as
unethical, thus concluding the ethical deficiency lies in the fault of Elon
Musk. <o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; text-indent: 0.5in;"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, serif;"><span style="font-size: 12pt;">The strategy of heavily fact checking liberal posts is
pleasing and rejuvenating for the republican party but is discomforting for democrats.
When Musk’s new algorithm fact checked the White House account, found their
content inaccurate, and made them delete the Tweet, “the administration was
humiliated” (Tillison). This can be shaky since politicians are expected to give
true information, so the tactic can be justified. Republicans will find joy in
this correction made by Twitter. But not everyone is happy and that is what </span>a<span style="font-size: 12pt;"> utilitarian would focus on. If </span></span><a name="_Int_efYQ8Ng7" style="font-family: "Times New Roman", serif; font-size: 12pt;">not</a><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, serif;"><span style="font-size: 12pt;"> every specimen capable of feeling happiness is
happy, then a utilitarian is not pleased. <o:p></o:p></span></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; text-indent: 0.5in;"><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman",serif; font-size: 12pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">The main group in this case, the advertisers, are not happy
at all. They are watching Twitter spiral downward and have “increasingly balked
at the billionaire’s handling of the social media site and raised concerns
about whether it will remain ‘brand safe’ for companies” (Barrabi). Elon Musk
is making it difficult for advertisers to feel safe with using Twitter as a
source and this can become stressful. Advertisers are unhappy with the recent developments,
so much so that they are pulling away from the app and deciding to find other
ways of advertising. Utilitarians notice the general unhappiness and conclude
Elon Musk as unethical.<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal;"><span style="color: #4472c4; font-family: "Times New Roman",serif; font-size: 12pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-themecolor: accent1;">KANTIANISM<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 200%; text-indent: .5in;"><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman",serif; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 107%; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-bidi-language: AR-SA; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: EN-US;">Due
to his motives not coming from goodwill and treating others simply as a means,
the Kantianism perspective concludes Elon Musk is unethical. The business
decisions made by Musk are shaky and questionable, but his reasons behind these
choices are not much better. Targeting the democratic party and plainly
favoring the republican side is not the result of wanting to make things “fair<a name="_Int_rlinxaaZ">”,</a> but it is simply the reflection of Musk’s own political
opinions. Continuously making minor decisions that turn a cold shoulder to just
liberals is selfish and controversial. For the republicans, it is “a glorious
sight to behold” (Tillison) and they can find satisfaction in this, but anyone
with different opinions or thoughts than Musk can be irritated. Musk is selfishly
making these political actions, not necessarily for the best sake of the site.</span></p><p class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; text-indent: 0.5in;">
<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman",serif; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 107%; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-bidi-language: AR-SA; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: EN-US;">Elon Musk has not shown any compassion towards
the staff, advertisers, or humanity of the workforce. Firing many employees was
not only triggered by a selfish motive but was also a step he took to turn the Twitter
staff into his own personal supporters. Elon Musk is firing the employees that
disagree with him and by doing such, he is using people and affecting their
lives to get what he wants: his own Twitter army. Musk does not care for the employees
and lacks compassion for their well-being. His manner of handling the employees
is not to directly manage who is working and the quality of work; it is a part
of his process in benefitting himself and getting what he wants. He does not consider
the impacts this has on advertisers and is still pleading them to stay at
Twitter. This contradicts the formula of humanity in Kantianism, which preaches
treating humanity as an end and not as a means. Musk is treating the employees,
users, and advertisers as a means, not an end. Because Musk’s skills in management
contradict the formula of humanity and show poor motives, Kantians would declare
he is unethical.</span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal;"><span style="color: #4472c4; font-family: "Times New Roman",serif; font-size: 12pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-themecolor: accent1;">VIRTUE THEORY<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; text-indent: .5in;"><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman",serif; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">Elon Musk is handling Twitter very unethically by the four
business virtues. First, Elon Musk lacks courage. He is not willing to support
what’s right. Instead of making the political approach fair or allowing
employees to be entitled to their own opinions, Musk is doing what he wants to
do with his own interest in mind. People can have their own ideas and thoughts,
and just because an employee’s ideas might disagree with Musk’s, they get
fired. He does not stand for the ethically right ideas and actions. He does what
he thinks is best for himself. <o:p></o:p></span></p><p class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; text-indent: .5in;"><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman",serif; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">Secondly, he has no honesty regarding employee treatment, Twitter
users, and advertisers. Musk ensured he would develop Twitter for the better,
but he is terminating employees and advertisers are detecting the danger in
pairing with the site. He is dishonest with the employment status, as he fires staff
for invalid reasons. Musk has also publicly reported false information, then
fired an employee for exposing him. Musk is not upholding the honesty virtue.<o:p></o:p></span></p><p class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; text-indent: .5in;"><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman",serif; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">The third virtue Musk fails to display is temperance, the virtue
of reasonable expectations and desires. Elon Musk wants Twitter to be run in
ways that only agree with his personal views and thoughts, including politically
and socially. That is not reasonable because the social media platform was made
for all people with all sorts of different ideas. Furthermore, he is expecting
employees to commit to extreme, long, hard hours of work and has threatened consequences,
if not. His expectations for staff and desires for the site do not follow the
temperance virtue.<o:p></o:p></span></p><p class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; text-indent: 0.5in;"><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman",serif; font-size: 12pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">
<span style="font-size: 12pt; line-height: 107%;">Lastly, Musk lacks the justice virtue. He is
reducing the quality of Twitter, his newly owned product, and is not using good
ideas or fair practices. His ideas are irrational, and his practices are not
fair for all, let alone most. His algorithms are unfair, his ideas are too controversial,
the quality of Twitter is decreasing, and he is ultimately having people work
harder so he does not have to. Thus, he does not follow the justice virtue.
Because Elon Musk fails to cooperate with every single one of the virtues, the
virtue theory claims he is unethical</span></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; text-indent: 0.5in;"></p><table cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="tr-caption-container" style="float: right;"><tbody><tr><td style="text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEibGw3SzOAdj4G0Hg-tbUAwlsSaAS9j_lS3nBdQEc6Y9-IJYia2BzRHCTS5IfPrf5ctPOyUZ9bisJqkj-EH-qpa0Bp3pqqiBp8Y_3gRIMwnQFfSHrYQIVlCQorClqL4FW4S45_3szXdYnOPkJaJCOVuC_BGwPyqZ8DNssK9_4-8yCSWjfEkFuJAq2qvjQ/s594/Screenshot_20221202_043211.png" style="clear: right; margin-bottom: 1em; margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><img border="0" data-original-height="313" data-original-width="594" height="169" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEibGw3SzOAdj4G0Hg-tbUAwlsSaAS9j_lS3nBdQEc6Y9-IJYia2BzRHCTS5IfPrf5ctPOyUZ9bisJqkj-EH-qpa0Bp3pqqiBp8Y_3gRIMwnQFfSHrYQIVlCQorClqL4FW4S45_3szXdYnOPkJaJCOVuC_BGwPyqZ8DNssK9_4-8yCSWjfEkFuJAq2qvjQ/s320/Screenshot_20221202_043211.png" width="320" /></a></td></tr><tr><td class="tr-caption" style="text-align: center;"><b>Elon Musk is promoting more free <br />speech on Twitter for all users</b></td></tr></tbody></table>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal;"><span style="color: #4472c4; font-family: "Times New Roman",serif; font-size: 12pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-themecolor: accent1;">JUSTIFIED ETHICS EVALUATION<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; text-indent: 0.5in;"><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman",serif; font-size: 12pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">The ethics being displayed by Elon Musk are poor. When
managing a business, <a name="_Int_ZlB9t46E">and being in full control, there</a>
is more to ethics than one may think. Business morals and ethics are not just
about benefitting oneself or one’s own business, but also doing what benefits
others, including employees and, in this case, Twitter users. Elon Musk has not
done a whole lot to benefit anyone than himself. <o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; text-indent: 0.5in;"><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman",serif; font-size: 12pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">The well-being and sake of others are not a priority of
Musk’s. He has fired people that need their job to make a living, allowed
language that is offensive to many people, and targets certain groups of
people. In the political aspects, no matter any personal political stance, the
heavy fact checking of only one party is not fair. All politicians tend to post
and distribute content that they want people to see, rather than the full
truth. Targeting one party upsets people, can heavily impact elections, and
makes things more difficult. Politics is one of the messiest subjects to be
involved in. Elon Musk is stirring the political pot and advertisers are not
pleased. <o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; text-indent: 0.5in;"><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman",serif; font-size: 12pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">People need to work to make a living and afford a
comfortable life. For Elon Musk to come in and fire top executives and
engineers, only because they disagreed with him, is selfish and incredibly
unethical. A valid reason for termination of an employee is not because they
disagree with ideas. Elon Musk fires employees because they do not agree, and he also fact checks democrats because they do not agree. He
is selfish in those ways. Disrespecting the simple opinions of others is
unethical and an unacceptable approach for business. <o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; text-indent: 0.5in;"><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman",serif; font-size: 12pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">The advertisers of Twitter will not be kept happy, for the
few and far that are even still happy. Advertisers and companies that have
already detached from Twitter are ahead of the game. Advertising and <a name="_Int_xTIEmliU">promoting on</a> an app where people are rowdy, unhappy,
and aggravated is not good for any company. As a business owner, it is
important to remember the audience and keep in mind all the collaborations that
are involved. Companies using Twitter to advertise is a type of collaboration.
By not doing what is best for Twitter’s partners, Musk is forcing advertisers
out the door without even knowing it. He makes decisions selfishly and shows no
charisma for others involved. Elon Musk is unethical and is inconsiderate of
the advertisers. <o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal;"><span style="color: #4472c4; font-family: "Times New Roman",serif; font-size: 12pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-themecolor: accent1;">CONCLUSION<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; text-indent: 0.5in;"><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman",serif; font-size: 12pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">Through the takeover of Twitter by Elon Musk, there have
been significant shifts in the social media site. Users are unhappy with many
of the alterations, politicians are being targeted unfairly, employees are
being terminated and threatened, and Elon Musk’s leadership is heavily being
questioned. For all these events to be occurring, advertisers are uncertain of
Musk’s management skills and are pulling away from the app. Not only is it a
business issue, but it is an ethical issue as well. Advertisers are urging
their bosses and executives to detach themselves from Twitter because it is no
longer a good advertising resource for their companies. Now, seeing a brand
team up with Twitter is not the best image for any company. There is still a
lot that can happen and change the game for Twitter at any moment, but the
pleasure of advertisers is always subjective to change. <o:p></o:p></span></p><br /><p></p><p></p><p class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 200%;"></p><p class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal;"><span style="color: #4472c4; font-family: "Times New Roman", serif;"><span><span style="font-size: x-small;">REFERENCES</span><span style="font-size: xx-small;"><o:p></o:p></span></span></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-left: 0.5in; text-indent: -0.5in;"><span style="font-size: xx-small;"><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman", serif;">Barrabi, Thomas. “Elon Musk to Meet with Twitter Advertisers
as Tensions Rise: Report.” <i>New York Post</i>, New York Post, 9 Nov. 2022, </span><a href="https://nypost.com/2022/11/09/elon-musk-to-meet-with-twitter-advertisers-as-tensions-rise-report/"><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman",serif; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">https://nypost.com/2022/11/09/elon-musk-to-meet-with-twitter-advertisers-as-tensions-rise-report/</span></a><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman", serif;">. <o:p></o:p></span></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-left: 0.5in; text-indent: -0.5in;"><span style="font-size: xx-small;"><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman", serif;">Hsu, Tiffany. “Will Elon Musk Be Able to Keep Twitter’s
Advertisers Happy?” <i>NY Times</i>, 28 Oct. 2022, </span><a href="https://www.nytimes.com/2022/10/28/technology/musk-twitter-advertisers-general-motors.html"><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman",serif; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">https://www.nytimes.com/2022/10/28/technology/musk-twitter-advertisers-general-motors.html</span></a><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman", serif;">. <o:p></o:p></span></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-left: 0.5in; text-indent: -0.5in;"><span style="font-size: xx-small;"><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman", serif;">“Jack White Deletes Twitter Account after Elon Musk Invites
Donald Trump Back to Platform.” <i>MSN</i>, 22 Nov. 2022, </span><a href="https://www.msn.com/en-gb/entertainment/other/jack-white-deletes-twitter-account-after-elon-musk-invites-donald-trump-back-to-platform/ar-AA14oxNL"><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman",serif; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">https://www.msn.com/en-gb/entertainment/other/jack-white-deletes-twitter-account-after-elon-musk-invites-donald-trump-back-to-platform/ar-AA14oxNL</span></a><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman", serif;">. <o:p></o:p></span></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-left: 0.5in; text-indent: -0.5in;"><span style="font-size: xx-small;"><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman", serif;">Oparada, Pascal. “Apple May Remove Twitter <a name="_Int_mokw53SK">From</a> App Store, Elon Musk Kicks.” <i>Legit.ng -
Nigeria News.</i>, 30 Nov. 2022, </span><a href="https://www.legit.ng/business-economy/technology/1506807-apple-remove-twitter-app-store-elon-musk-kicks/#:~:text=Apple%20May%20Remove%20Twitter%20From%20App%20Store%2C%20Elon,cent%20before%20they%20get%20listed%20on%20the%20store"><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman",serif; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">https://www.legit.ng/business-economy/technology/1506807-apple-remove-twitter-app-store-elon-musk-kicks/#:~:text=Apple%20May%20Remove%20Twitter%20From%20App%20Store%2C%20Elon,cent%20before%20they%20get%20listed%20on%20the%20store</span></a><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman", serif;">. <o:p></o:p></span></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-left: 0.5in; text-indent: -0.5in;"><span style="font-size: xx-small;"><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman", serif;">Tillison, Tom. “Biden White House Hit with Yet Another
Glorious Twitter Fact Check.” <i>BizPac Review</i>, 25 Nov. 2022, </span><a href="https://www.bizpacreview.com/2022/11/23/biden-white-house-hit-with-yet-another-glorious-twitter-fact-check-1311795/"><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman",serif; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">https://www.bizpacreview.com/2022/11/23/biden-white-house-hit-with-yet-another-glorious-twitter-fact-check-1311795/</span></a><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman", serif;">. <o:p></o:p></span></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-left: 0.5in; text-indent: -0.5in;"><span style="font-size: xx-small;"><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman", serif;">Wile, Rob. “A Timeline of Elon Musk's Takeover of Twitter.” <i>NBCNews.com</i>,
NBCUniversal News Group, 17 Nov. 2022, </span><a href="https://www.nbcnews.com/business/business-news/twitter-elon-musk-timeline-what-happened-so-far-rcna57532"><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman",serif; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">https://www.nbcnews.com/business/business-news/twitter-elon-musk-timeline-what-happened-so-far-rcna57532</span></a><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman", serif;">.<o:p></o:p></span></span></p><br /><p></p><p></p>Lauren Wolakhttp://www.blogger.com/profile/06516685240945959009noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-3346515991378239658.post-67983826372301259052022-12-02T13:20:00.023-08:002022-12-10T12:45:50.270-08:00Venture Capital Firms: Rash Investing in FTX (2022)<p class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; mso-margin-bottom-alt: auto; mso-margin-top-alt: auto;"><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman", serif; font-size: 13.5pt;"> <o:p></o:p></span></p><p align="center" class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: 0in; mso-margin-top-alt: auto; text-align: center;"><span style="background: white; color: #0d0d0d; font-family: "Times New Roman",serif; font-size: 12pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";"><br /><br /></span></p><blockquote style="border: none; margin: 0px 0px 0px 40px; padding: 0px;"><p class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: 0in; text-align: center;"></p><table align="center" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="tr-caption-container" style="float: right; margin-left: 1em; text-align: right;"><tbody><tr><td style="text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/a/AVvXsEgf0yd7qF6ycfjs6znE3colDDmcE9mI2LV3vV8b_8DkE0HYQVGapJzbFYKW7vHI3MBMmIoJTBsLpuRjqkOXdI9tkNqCn5T6P9A8M4CzyhvrQpx1AgpAImHAhzXWA4o0yYGgZKzphOWn1sUtDFG31i_pkqZ_EBMsoksMR6QnWa0aycekymKGpK6sbKNu" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><img alt="" data-original-height="400" data-original-width="800" height="160" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/a/AVvXsEgf0yd7qF6ycfjs6znE3colDDmcE9mI2LV3vV8b_8DkE0HYQVGapJzbFYKW7vHI3MBMmIoJTBsLpuRjqkOXdI9tkNqCn5T6P9A8M4CzyhvrQpx1AgpAImHAhzXWA4o0yYGgZKzphOWn1sUtDFG31i_pkqZ_EBMsoksMR6QnWa0aycekymKGpK6sbKNu" width="320" /></a></td></tr><tr><td class="tr-caption" style="text-align: center;">(Larg investor of FTX)</td></tr></tbody></table><span style="background: white; color: #0d0d0d; font-family: "Times New Roman",serif; font-size: 12pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">ABSTRACT</span><p></p></blockquote><p class="MsoNormal" style="background: white; line-height: normal; margin-bottom: 0in; text-align: left;"><span style="color: #0d0d0d; font-family: "Times New Roman",serif; font-size: 12pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";"> </span><span style="color: #0d0d0d; font-family: "Times New Roman", serif; font-size: 12pt;">In the world of crypto
currency and venture capitalist firms,’ ethics is not a term you might think of
being especially important. Mr. Bankmen CEO of FTX swindled investors and
mismanaged billions of customers money and eventually caused the failure of his
company.</span><span style="color: #0d0d0d; font-family: "Times New Roman", serif; font-size: 12pt;"> </span><span style="color: #0d0d0d; font-family: "Times New Roman", serif; font-size: 12pt;">FTX and venture capitalist both
fail when you grade them against the theory of individualism, they may have not
broken laws, but they did not maximize profits. When FTX collapsed in on itself
it also took with it many peoples life savings with it and with that their
dreams and happiness there for FTX and venture capitalist fail to pass the
ethical theory of Utilitarianism. Mr. Bankmen and the venture capitalist were
motivated to make as much as possible and to them it did not matter so they
were not motivated to do right because it is right, so they fail the theory of Kantianism.
If businesspeople always used ethics to help them make their decisions events
like the failing of FTX could be avoided.</span></p><p class="MsoNormal" style="background: white; line-height: normal; margin-bottom: 0in; mso-margin-top-alt: auto;"><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman", serif; font-size: 13.5pt;"><o:p></o:p></span></p><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman", serif; font-size: 13.5pt;"><o:p></o:p></span><p></p><p align="center" class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: 0in; mso-margin-top-alt: auto; text-align: center;"><span style="background: white; color: #0d0d0d; font-family: "Times New Roman",serif; font-size: 12pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">ETHICS CASE CONTROVERSY</span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman", serif; font-size: 13.5pt;"><o:p></o:p></span></p><p class="MsoNormal" style="background: white; line-height: normal; margin-bottom: 0in; mso-margin-top-alt: auto; text-indent: 0.5in;"><span style="color: #0d0d0d; font-family: Times New Roman, serif;"><span style="font-size: 12pt;">It all started when a Bahamas based cryptocurrency exchange
company, FTX, was founded in May 2019 by Sam Bankmen. In the world of
cryptocurrency Mr. Bankmen was seen as a savant that had complete understanding
of the new and uncharted market of cryptocurrency. FTX’s goal was to try to
make an easy and safe way for people to buy and hold and sell cryptocurrency.
At their peak, they had over a million users. Sam Bankmen marketed his company
aggressively through numerous different commercials. They ranged from comparing
FTX to every major invention in history to having professional athletes endorse
the company. </span></span></p><table cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="tr-caption-container" style="float: right; margin-left: 1em; text-align: right;"><tbody><tr><td style="text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/a/AVvXsEhaaXUhareSEs3YTIhe0M0vc2R95oX1ccPa1g0wQ2wj-CoYk76V2mBe88pRufpfEm5iu2EHHTc_rkITg2T_YqWJDkNt9ABkgb7p-5Oq-fUTlpcxA50mZgr3qBwRBKfbmvqWUZQu-bt0cNuw1hAug0tznDRNAJnkayVn-hlEiXrzYuubnpQTueG_ZT4d" style="clear: left; margin-bottom: 1em; margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><img alt="" data-original-height="227" data-original-width="400" height="182" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/a/AVvXsEhaaXUhareSEs3YTIhe0M0vc2R95oX1ccPa1g0wQ2wj-CoYk76V2mBe88pRufpfEm5iu2EHHTc_rkITg2T_YqWJDkNt9ABkgb7p-5Oq-fUTlpcxA50mZgr3qBwRBKfbmvqWUZQu-bt0cNuw1hAug0tznDRNAJnkayVn-hlEiXrzYuubnpQTueG_ZT4d" width="320" /></a></td></tr><tr><td class="tr-caption" style="text-align: center;">(FTX ad ran at the super bowl)</td></tr></tbody></table><span style="color: #0d0d0d; font-family: Times New Roman, serif;"><span style="font-size: 12pt;"><br />The ads put an emphasis on how safe and easy it was to use and now
looking back at these statements it is extremely ironic. Mr. Bankmen’s
aggressive marketing tactics also crossed over into his strategies when finding
investors. His so-called pitch to potential investors was not really a pitch
but a take it or leave it offer. Investors that heard Mr. Banksmen’s pitch
stated that Mr. Bankmen believed that investors should only support and
observe. This is where the FTX’s story becomes strange. Investors, after
hearing Mr. Bankmen’s pitch, did not completely avoid this company like the
plague but even more surprisingly invested with extremely little research into
the company. The large venture capital’s firms that were investing should have
the experience and knowledge not to just trust a person’s word but to conduct
in depth research. It seems that they were blinded by the opportunity to be an
early investor in a new market the New York Times </span>said,<span style="font-size: 12pt;"> “Investing in FTX gave
them a piece of the hottest start-up in an emerging sector that promised to be
as big as smartphone apps or the internet itself</span>.” (Griffith<span style="font-size: 12pt;">, Erin, and David Yaffe-Bellany) New York
Times, 11 Nov. 2022). Venture Capital firms completely went away from their due
diligence and hard-core review procedures that they got involved in when it
came to FTX. They fell in love with this “unique” investment, and it ended
up having a detrimental impact on their balance sheets. If investors took
the time to investigate FTX’s company’s practices, they all would have turned
away from the potential investment. Mr. Bankmen also was the CEO of Alameda
Research which is a trading firm that came out November 2, 2022. This trading
firm held five billion dollars’ worth of FTT coins, these are FTX’s own
coins, and this discovery served as the spark to the powder keg that was
FTX. On November sixth the world’s largest crypto currency exchange,
Binance, said they were going to liquidate all the holdings of the coin FTT due
to their concerns about risk management. This news sent shock waves throughout
the crypto currency world causing mass liquidation of the coin. The problem
with that is FTX did not actually have the money to give back and found itself
in a crisis where they needed to find six billion dollars to give back to
customers. During this the price of a FTT coin plummeted eighty percent in just
two days. FTX started to look for ways out of the situation they found
themselves in, so it had turned to one of its competitors. Binance
announced on November eighth that they had made a deal to acquire FTX. They
also released that it was still non-binding and did not release the purchase price.
After this announcement FTX was going to be bailed out from the predicament
that they had gotten themselves into. Only a day later, on November ninth,
Binance announced that they would be pulling out of the deal due to their
concerns on how the company was run and most importantly how the customer’s
finances were being handled, John J. Ray III a CEO who specializes
in bankruptcy had this to say "Never in my career have I seen such a
complete failure of corporate controls and such a complete absence of trustworthy
financial information as occurred here," Ray said in a filing on Nov.
17(O'Halloran, Suzanne O'Halloran Fox Business, 28 Nov). This action thrust FTX
back into its original position but with the add on of people questioning how
their money was managed. November tenth the Bahamas securities regulator froze
the remaining FTXs assets and California Department of Financial Protection,
and Innovation started an investigation. Mr. Bankmen also took to twitter to
inform the world that FTX did not have the capital to fulfill all the
customers’ requests. He blamed the over leveraging of the company on “poor
internal labeling.” (REIFF, NATHAN Investopedia 18 Nov. 2022) He also said that
Alameda would slow down their trading. On November eleventh Mr. Bankmen would
step down from his position as CEO and John J. Ray III would take his place as
well as the company filing for Chapter 11 bankruptcy protection. When this was
filed one hundred and thirty other companies were engaged in the proceedings.
Soon after the filings took place, FTX stated that they were victims of
“unauthorized transactions.” Third party business analysis believes that in a
hack four hundred and seventy-seven million dollars was stolen. After this was
discovered, the Securities Commission of the Bahamas, decided on November 18</span></span><sup style="color: #0d0d0d; font-family: "Times New Roman", serif; font-size: 12pt;">th</sup><span style="color: #0d0d0d; font-family: Times New Roman, serif;"><span style="font-size: 12pt;"> that
FTX had to move all crypto assets to the regulator’s wallet to help protect
everyone. Currently FTX is involved in civil lawsuits and one class-action
lawsuit. The failure of FTX will most certainly leave a permanent stain on the
crypto currency market and investors that invested in it without the research
to see all the warning signs. Some economists have compared the FTX
debacle to the collapse of Enron in October 2021.</span></span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman", serif; font-size: 13.5pt;"><o:p></o:p></span><p></p><p align="center" class="MsoNormal" style="background: white; line-height: normal; margin-bottom: 0in; mso-margin-top-alt: auto; text-align: center;"></p><table align="center" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="tr-caption-container" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><tbody><tr><td style="text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEgp3PaDYF7gvNnnUvSXcXa8JTaO1Lrzacri6PB7KxIN34-PnlprArJI7NAz3JV54f8Oud11XxLi71dvm5tPfiNgvbH_OZMNNofLUdffT4K3lWx5T7HsCKxhwSsmq2Ib_kHP4AyJaNXXtZCctsKPQ3SGBNOwx7TUi8rXxUWvUqrTboDS1Gi1gfy0iaeU/s1024/Beige%20and%20Brown%20Simple%20Modern%20Timeline%20Diagram%20Graph.png" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><img border="0" data-original-height="768" data-original-width="1024" height="509" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEgp3PaDYF7gvNnnUvSXcXa8JTaO1Lrzacri6PB7KxIN34-PnlprArJI7NAz3JV54f8Oud11XxLi71dvm5tPfiNgvbH_OZMNNofLUdffT4K3lWx5T7HsCKxhwSsmq2Ib_kHP4AyJaNXXtZCctsKPQ3SGBNOwx7TUi8rXxUWvUqrTboDS1Gi1gfy0iaeU/w679-h509/Beige%20and%20Brown%20Simple%20Modern%20Timeline%20Diagram%20Graph.png" width="679" /></a></td></tr><tr><td class="tr-caption" style="text-align: center;">(Timeline)</td></tr></tbody></table><p></p><div><span data-canva-clipboard="ewAiAGEAIgA6ADUALAAiAGQAIgA6ACIAQgAiACwAIgBoACIAOgAiAHcAdwB3AC4AYwBhAG4AdgBhAC4AYwBvAG0AIgAsACIAYwAiADoAIgBEAEEARgBTAGEAZgBJAFIAUgBzAEUAIgAsACIAaQAiADoAIgBiAGsAOABUAHQAWQAzAHMAUQBKAGwAcQAwAGYAQQBvAFoARAA1ADMAdwBnACIALAAiAGIAIgA6ADEANgA2ADgAOQAxADkAMQA1ADkANwA0ADcALAAiAEEAPwAiADoAIgBBACIALAAiAEEAIgA6AHsAIgBDACIAOgAiACMAZgBmAGYANwBlAGQAIgB9ACwAIgBCACIAOgAxADAAMgA0ACwAIgBDACIAOgA3ADYAOAB9AA=="></span></div><div><span data-canva-clipboard="ewAiAGEAIgA6ADUALAAiAGQAIgA6ACIAQgAiACwAIgBoACIAOgAiAHcAdwB3AC4AYwBhAG4AdgBhAC4AYwBvAG0AIgAsACIAYwAiADoAIgBEAEEARgBTAGEAZgBJAFIAUgBzAEUAIgAsACIAaQAiADoAIgBiAGsAOABUAHQAWQAzAHMAUQBKAGwAcQAwAGYAQQBvAFoARAA1ADMAdwBnACIALAAiAGIAIgA6ADEANgA2ADgAOQAxADkAMQA1ADkANwA0ADcALAAiAEEAPwAiADoAIgBBACIALAAiAEEAIgA6AHsAIgBDACIAOgAiACMAZgBmAGYANwBlAGQAIgB9ACwAIgBCACIAOgAxADAAMgA0ACwAIgBDACIAOgA3ADYAOAB9AA=="></span></div><p align="center" class="MsoNormal" style="background: white; line-height: normal; margin-bottom: 0in; mso-margin-top-alt: auto; text-align: center;"><span style="color: #0d0d0d; font-family: "Times New Roman",serif; font-size: 12pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">STAKEHOLDERS</span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman", serif; font-size: 13.5pt;"><o:p></o:p></span></p><p class="MsoNormal" style="background: white; line-height: normal; margin-bottom: 0in; mso-margin-top-alt: auto;"></p><table cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="tr-caption-container" style="float: right;"><tbody><tr><td style="text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEhIm2OdFRD0ZSsB4FqALXrAtAQH6oxwoBg-4y3tBOFs4ScAr1HEZirwAeIFMRLzJoTdaEU_5xKZoJPLNP3UQeMuZY5bqJ5SEU3LRNNdk9V08g1_ID3yvYgGc22wYn40AFlp_c8oG1Y3X0kqcv00TIDyQEFh9kbTHlm6jqQAEuziIYD5bnyKTt7zRxf2/s2960/ftt.png" style="clear: right; margin-bottom: 1em; margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><img border="0" data-original-height="1317" data-original-width="2960" height="142" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEhIm2OdFRD0ZSsB4FqALXrAtAQH6oxwoBg-4y3tBOFs4ScAr1HEZirwAeIFMRLzJoTdaEU_5xKZoJPLNP3UQeMuZY5bqJ5SEU3LRNNdk9V08g1_ID3yvYgGc22wYn40AFlp_c8oG1Y3X0kqcv00TIDyQEFh9kbTHlm6jqQAEuziIYD5bnyKTt7zRxf2/s320/ftt.png" width="320" /></a></td></tr><tr><td class="tr-caption" style="text-align: center;">(FTX's crypto currency) </td></tr></tbody></table><span style="color: #0d0d0d; font-family: "Times New Roman",serif; font-size: 12pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";"> <span style="background-color: white; font-size: 12pt;">
All those who engaged in FTX, were left with a bad taste in their mouths and
less money in their pockets. The stakeholders that were hurt the most in the
fall of FTX was the average person who was trying to invest in their future and
ended up losing their hard-earned money, like Terri Smith an architect in Seattle
who may have lost everything from this situation. Investors are left with
depleted accounts and a limited hope of getting anything back once the
bankruptcy proceedings happen. FTX did not only burn regular investors,
but they did so to many venture capital firm such as Temasek and Sequoia, which
stand to lose large amounts of capital.</span><p class="MsoNormal" style="background: white; line-height: normal; margin-bottom: 0in; mso-margin-top-alt: auto;"><span style="color: black; font-size: 13.5pt;"><o:p></o:p></span></p></span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman", serif; font-size: 13.5pt;"><o:p></o:p></span><p></p><p align="center" class="MsoNormal" style="background: white; line-height: normal; margin-bottom: 0in; mso-margin-top-alt: auto; text-align: center;"><span style="color: #0d0d0d; font-family: "Times New Roman",serif; font-size: 12pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">INDIVIDUALISM</span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman", serif; font-size: 13.5pt;"><o:p></o:p></span></p><p class="MsoNormal" style="background: white; line-height: normal; margin-bottom: 0in; mso-margin-top-alt: auto; text-indent: .5in;"><table cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="tr-caption-container" style="color: #0d0d0d; float: left; font-family: "Times New Roman", serif; font-size: 12pt;"><tbody><tr><td style="text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/a/AVvXsEgWJ2ii7LtBtsYEjwy8XG04OtZZX29onXgQ1J292JyaPXTYACmGnoRhpu5y3xzxxR2DWdo6UeUOlAslYLizluI1WZ9XD28jQTVIFGMeJmz7NCI0uYGg9xVWp2pAvglNUrEPn93EfrxKH2fhBsMXBb6h7kp2newGptRKrYoPc2-Oqh3OdURFTqGh2wZ-" style="clear: left; margin-bottom: 1em; margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><img alt="" data-original-height="677" data-original-width="1200" height="181" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/a/AVvXsEgWJ2ii7LtBtsYEjwy8XG04OtZZX29onXgQ1J292JyaPXTYACmGnoRhpu5y3xzxxR2DWdo6UeUOlAslYLizluI1WZ9XD28jQTVIFGMeJmz7NCI0uYGg9xVWp2pAvglNUrEPn93EfrxKH2fhBsMXBb6h7kp2newGptRKrYoPc2-Oqh3OdURFTqGh2wZ-" width="320" /></a></td></tr><tr><td class="tr-caption" style="text-align: center;">(Past CEO of FTX)</td></tr></tbody></table><span style="color: #0d0d0d; font-family: Times New Roman, serif;"><span style="font-size: 12pt;">When you look at the case of FTX and the Venture Capital firms
that were involved through the scope of individualism, it is hard to fully
explore with the information that is currently available. At the time of this
writing there are no criminal charges brought against any FTX employees. This lines
up with one of the main points of individualism of attempting to maximize
profits while staying within the laws. In this instance, FTX was attempting to
create the most profit it could and just ended up failing. As far as we know,
no laws were violated therefore FTX played by the rules of individualism and
just unfortunately went under. When looking at the venture capitalist firms and
how they interact with the ideas of individualism it can be looked at in two
separate ways. On one hand an argument can, be made that the firms were trying
to stay ahead of technology and become an early investor of a brand-new market
and did not know how to research an investment like this. In this way the firm
was trying to make the most profit and no laws were broken, therefore they
followed the ethics of individualism. On the other hand, it could be said that
one of the major jobs of an investment firm is to know every aspect of where
their money is invested. They were not looking to make the most profit but were
just gambling on the perceived golden boy of the crypto world. As of now, FTX only
halfway follows the ideas of individualism by failing to maximize profits and
the investment firms that invested without investigating the company that they
invested in, did not follow the ideas of individualism due to </span>their<span style="font-size: 12pt;"> oversight
not only not maximizing profit but actually minimizing it. The massive
investments by the Venture Capital market inadvertently represented to the
average investor that this was a “solid” investment based on the regular
principles usually adhered to by them.</span></span></p><p></p><p align="center" class="MsoNormal" style="background: white; line-height: normal; margin-bottom: 0in; mso-margin-top-alt: auto; text-align: center;"><span style="color: #0d0d0d; font-family: "Times New Roman",serif; font-size: 12pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">UTILITARIANISM</span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman", serif; font-size: 13.5pt;"><o:p></o:p></span></p><p class="MsoNormal" style="background: white; line-height: normal; margin-bottom: 0in; mso-margin-top-alt: auto; text-indent: .5in;"><span style="color: #0d0d0d; font-family: "Times New Roman",serif; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">Looking at FTX and all its doings, it is quite clear that this
business was not run under the ethical guidelines of utilitarianism.
Utilitarianism is the middle ground between egoism, where you are only looking
out for your own happiness and altruism, where you only look out for others
happiness. When a company is operated under the guidelines of utilitarianism,
the company is not only looking out for themselves but also for everyone involved.
FTX showed, with their less than desirable management of themselves and their
customers’ investments that they were only looking out for themselves. When Mr.
Bankmen did not allow anyone else to help make decisions on his company’s
board, he embodied an egoism ethical standpoint and was only looking out for
his own interests. The way Mr. Bankmen conducted himself outside of his
business also shows that he was only looking out for his own happiness when he
used his image as a crypto golden boy to convince investment firms to blindly
toss money at his company without proper research. Mr. Bankmen does not fit
into utilitarianism clearly and he was known to only be looking out for his own
happiness not the happiness of his users or investors. His willingness to lie
and swindle people to complete his own agenda of making the most profit for
himself proves this. His ethics fit an egotist model due to the fact he was
only concerned in what happened to him and not how any of his own actions
affected anyone else. Venture capital firms that heavily invested should have
been able to see that the CEO of the company they had invested in only cared
about his own net worth and happiness and did not care how he increased it.</span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman", serif; font-size: 13.5pt;"><o:p></o:p></span></p><p align="center" class="MsoNormal" style="background: white; line-height: normal; margin-bottom: 0in; mso-margin-top-alt: auto; text-align: center;"><span style="color: #0d0d0d; font-family: "Times New Roman",serif; font-size: 12pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">KANTIANISM</span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman", serif; font-size: 13.5pt;"><o:p></o:p></span></p><p class="MsoNormal" style="background: white; line-height: normal; margin-bottom: 0in; mso-margin-top-alt: auto;"><span style="color: #0d0d0d; font-family: "Times New Roman",serif; font-size: 12pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";"> </span><span style="color: #0d0d0d; font-family: "Times New Roman", serif; font-size: 12pt;">
Kantianism is an interesting way to approach a business ethical dilemma.
Kantianism is based around acting rationally, helping, and allowing people to
make their own decisions, respecting people’s decisions and everyone’s
individual needs. Finally, to be motivated to do the right thing because it is
right. Mr. Bankmen and FTX, under the light of acting rationally did not act in
a rational manner, when Mr. Bankmen refused to allow outside help of people
that have more experience that could have helped him avoid running his business
into bankruptcy. During the operation of FTX people were allowed to make their
own decisions if they wanted to invest or if they did not, but Mr. Bankmen did
not help them by withholding invaluable information on how FTX was being run
and how FTX sister company Alameda held five billion dollars’ worth of FTX own
coin. This information would have most certainly changed how investors would
have made their decisions, therefore FTX did not allow investors to make their
own decisions but coerced them into a decision by withholding essential
information about themselves. The only point where a case could be made in FTXs
favor, is that they respected people’s decisions and needs. Investing always
has an inherent risk involved in it so when a person invests their money in any
investment, they also must accept all the risks involved in it as well. In this
way, FTX respected everyone’s decisions of taking a risk in this situation. It
just did not pan out in a favorable fashion. If you look at the motivations of FTX
it is crystal, clear that they were not motivated by the right thing but were
motivated to just make the most profit for themselves no matter the amount of
people that would be burned by their business plan. They were not motivated to
help their investor’s or to improve the new emerging market space, which is
crypto, therefore they were not motivated to do the right thing because it is
right. Mr. Bankmen did not use Kantianism ethical guidelines to help run his
company.</span></p><p class="MsoNormal" style="background: white; line-height: normal; margin-bottom: 0in; mso-margin-top-alt: auto;"><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman", serif; font-size: 13.5pt;"><o:p></o:p></span></p><p align="center" class="MsoNormal" style="background: white; line-height: normal; margin-bottom: 0in; mso-margin-top-alt: auto; text-align: center;"><span style="color: #0d0d0d; font-family: "Times New Roman",serif; font-size: 12pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">VIRTUE THEORY</span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman", serif; font-size: 13.5pt;"><o:p></o:p></span></p><p class="MsoNormal" style="background: white; line-height: normal; margin-bottom: 0in; mso-margin-top-alt: auto;"><span style="color: #0d0d0d; font-family: "Times New Roman",serif; font-size: 12pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";"> </span><span style="color: #0d0d0d; font-family: "Times New Roman", serif; font-size: 12pt;">
Some people would describe FTX as generally distrustful and dishonest. Learning
and moral leadership are not terms that are used to describe FTX. It is quite
the opposite. If you want to look at FTX as a trustworthy company, you must do
your proper research on who runs the company and that is Mr. Bankmen. This
individual was also the CEO of another investment company. This company also
held five billion dollars of the crypto coin FTT. FTT is FTXs own crypto
currency made for their exchange in most circumstances this would not be a
problem but both companies shared a CEO. This was seen as an extremely shady
way to do business and was done to boost the perceived numbers of their own
coin. When looking to see if this is an honest company, you must look at how
they managed users and how they secured investments for themselves. FTX was
well known for partnering with many super star athletes such as Shaquille
O'Neal, Trevor Lawrence, David Ortiz, and Tom Brady and even running a Super
Bowl ad. The ads that FTX released to the public openly stated how easy and
safe their platform is. The ads were not honest to their customers about all
the risks involved in investing but made it sound like there was no risk and
that anyone could do it with no research on what they were doing. Hearing
investors stories that heard Mr. Banksmen’s pitch to invest in his company all
share the same few traits. The pitch was often described as not a pitch but a
take it or leave it offer to the investment firms and Mr. Bankmen felt strongly
against having outside help when making decisions about the company. FTX was
extremely dishonest and used the inexperience of the investment firms in the
crypto currency market to pull the wool over their eyes and take them for a
ride. They had no say in it. Mr. Bankmen was notorious for refusing to allow
investors a spot at the table to voice the ideas and concerns. He would not
learn from people that had more experience, which could have made the company
better, but he remained stuck in his ways and would not accept the help
offered. The moral leadership of Mr. Bankmen is not present at any of his
companies that he ran. He did not care about anything but how to increase his
personal net worth.</span></p><p class="MsoNormal" style="background: white; line-height: normal; margin-bottom: 0in; mso-margin-top-alt: auto;"><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman", serif; font-size: 13.5pt;"><o:p></o:p></span></p><p align="center" class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: 0in; mso-margin-top-alt: auto; text-align: center;"><span style="background: white; color: #0d0d0d; font-family: "Times New Roman",serif; font-size: 12pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">JUSTIFICATIED ETHICS EVALUATION</span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman", serif; font-size: 13.5pt;"><o:p></o:p></span></p><p class="MsoNormal" style="background: white; line-height: normal; margin-bottom: 0in; mso-margin-top-alt: auto;"><span style="color: #0d0d0d; font-family: "Times New Roman",serif; font-size: 12pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">
When you are running an investment firm whether that is in regular stock and
securities or forging a path into a new and unclaimed market of crypto
currency, the goal should be the same and it is to provide a trustful
experience. FTX and Mr. Bankmen failed to provide anything that is even
remotely related to the word trust. From the start Mr. Bankmen used extremely
aggressive and questionable business tactics. Mr. Bankmen was a predator to all
his customers with his promise of a safe exchange platform, but he was unable
to provide this. He was unable provide this due to his perceived expertise and
not allowing investors to have a say on the decisions with the company and
provide insight from there past experiences. The incident that kicked off
oversight and poor management was that Mr. Bankmen caused the failure of the
company. It was even stated in a tweet that “poor internal labeling” was the
cause to all the leveraging and liquidity problems that tore apart the company.
If Mr. Bankmen allowed his investors, that have had countless years of
experience to help him, I believe that he would have a trustful strong company
that is opening a new market and giving everyone the ability to invest with it.
If you were to look at it from Mr. Bankmen’s perspective, it might seem a
little different. He could have viewed this situation as no one has experience
running a company in a crypto currency company and his aggressive business
practices could just be him fully believing that he is trying spread the new
world changing innovation. In the end Mr. Bankmen and FTX did not follow any
ethical guidelines and were only looking out for themselves. It did not matter
who they destroyed in the rise to the top. </span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman", serif; font-size: 13.5pt;"><o:p></o:p></span></p><p align="center" class="MsoNormal" style="background: white; line-height: normal; margin-bottom: 0in; mso-margin-top-alt: auto; text-align: center;"><span style="color: #0d0d0d; font-family: "Times New Roman",serif; font-size: 12pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">CONCLUSION</span></p><p class="MsoNormal" style="background: white; line-height: normal; margin-bottom: 0in; mso-margin-top-alt: auto; text-indent: 0.5in;"><span style="color: #0d0d0d; font-family: "Times New Roman",serif; font-size: 12pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">The way business was conducted for everyone involved in FTX was
an unfortunate display of what happens when business is done in complete
disregard of any ethical thought. Mr. Bankmen’s desperate crawl to the top not
only destroyed his dream of a safe and easy crypto currency exchange but also
installed a new distrust for the whole market of crypto currency. It also made
venture capitalist firms extremely weary of supporting any of these companies
in the future. This will stunt the growth of this new market and limit new
innovations in this field. In the end, the way FTX treated their customers and
investor’s put a negative view on their whole industry and it all could have
been avoided if any ethical thought were used.</span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman", serif; font-size: 13.5pt;"><o:p></o:p></span></p><p align="center" class="MsoNormal" style="background: white; line-height: normal; margin-bottom: 0in; mso-margin-top-alt: auto; text-align: center;"><span style="color: #222222; font-family: "Times New Roman",serif; font-size: 12pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";"> </span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman", serif; font-size: 13.5pt;"><o:p></o:p></span></p><p align="center" class="MsoNormal" style="background: white; line-height: normal; margin-bottom: 0in; mso-margin-top-alt: auto; text-align: center;"><span style="color: #222222; font-family: "Times New Roman",serif; font-size: 12pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">REFERENCES </span></p><p align="center" class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; text-align: center;"><span><a name="_Hlk120816715"><span style="background: white; font-family: "Times New Roman", serif;">Griffith,
Erin, and David Yaffe-Bellany</span></a><span style="background: white; font-family: "Times New Roman", serif;">. "Investors Who Put $2 Billion Into FTX
Face Scrutiny, Too." </span><i><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman", serif;">The Collapse of FTX</span></i><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman", serif;">, The New York Times, 11 Nov. 2022, <a href="http://www.nytimes.com/2022/11/11/technology/ftx-investors-venture-capital.html"><span style="color: blue;">www.nytimes.com/2022/11/11/technology/ftx-investors-venture-capital.html</span></a>.<o:p></o:p></span></span></p><p class="MsoNormal" style="background: white; line-height: normal; margin-bottom: 0in; margin-left: 26.25pt; margin-right: 0in; margin-top: 0in; margin: 0in 0in 0in 26.25pt; text-indent: -22.5pt;"><span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman", serif;">REIFF, NATHAN. "The Collapse of FTX: What
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www.investopedia.com/what-went-wrong-with-ftx-6828447#:~:text=Cryptocurrency%20exchange%20FTX%20collapsed%20in%20early%20November%202022,portions%20of%20the%20company%20but%20quickly%20backed%.</span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman", serif;"><o:p></o:p></span></span></p><p align="center" class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; text-align: center;"><span><span style="background: white; font-family: "Times New Roman", serif;"> </span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman", serif;"><o:p></o:p></span></span></p><p align="center" class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; text-align: center;"><span><span style="background: white; font-family: "Times New Roman", serif;">Taranto, Steven, and Isabel
Gonzalez. "FTX collapse: Tom Brady, Stephen Curry, Shohei Ohtani among
sports figures named in class-action lawsuit." , CBSSPORTS, 16 Nov.
2022, <a href="http://www.cbssports.com/nfl/news/ftx-collapse-tom-brady-stephen-curry-shohei-ohtani-among-sports-figures-named-in-class-action-lawsuit/#:~:text=Those%20three%20are%20part%20of%20a%20group%20of,who%2"><span style="color: blue;">www.cbssports.com/nfl/news/ftx-collapse-tom-brady-stephen-curry-shohei-ohtani-among-sports-figures-named-in-class-action-lawsuit/#:~:text=Those%20three%20are%20part%20of%20a%20group%20of,who%2</span></a>.</span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman", serif;"><o:p></o:p></span></span></p><p align="center" class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; text-align: center;"><span><span style="background: white; font-family: "Times New Roman", serif;">Peterson-Withorn, Chase.
"Exclusive: These FTX Investors Stand To Lose The Most From The Crypto
Exchange’s Implosion." </span><i><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman", serif;">The fall of FTX</span></i><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman", serif;">, Forbes, 10 Nov. 2022, <a href="http://www.forbes.com/sites/chasewithorn/2022/11/10/exclusive-these-investors-stand-to-lose-the-most-from-ftxs-implosion/?sh=1c04ca326700"><span style="color: blue;">www.forbes.com/sites/chasewithorn/2022/11/10/exclusive-these-investors-stand-to-lose-the-most-from-ftxs-implosion/?sh=1c04ca326700</span></a>.<o:p></o:p></span></span></p><p class="MsoNormal" style="background: white; line-height: normal; margin-bottom: 0in; margin-left: 26.25pt; margin-right: 0in; margin-top: 0in; margin: 0in 0in 0in 26.25pt; text-indent: -22.5pt;"><span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman", serif;">ROBERTS, JEFF J. "SBF in criminal jeopardy:
How and when he could face justice." , Fortune Crypto,
fortune.com/crypto/2022/11/18/sbf-in-criminal-jeopardy-how-and-when-he-could-face-justice/.</span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman", serif;"><o:p></o:p></span></span></p><p align="center" class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; text-align: center;"><span><span style="background: white; font-family: "Times New Roman", serif;"> </span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman", serif;"><o:p></o:p></span></span></p><p>
</p><p class="MsoNormal" style="background: white; line-height: normal; margin-bottom: 0in; margin-left: 26.25pt; margin-right: 0in; margin-top: 0in; margin: 0in 0in 0in 26.25pt; text-indent: -22.5pt;"><span><a name="_Hlk120814226"><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman", serif;">O'Halloran, Suzanne
O'Halloran</span></a><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman", serif;">. "FTX bankruptcy
unique, losses hard to determine: Ken Feinberg." , Fox Business, 28 Nov.
2022, www.foxbusiness.com/markets/ftx-bankruptcy-unique-losses-hard-to-determine-ken-feinberg.</span></span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman", serif;"><o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p align="center" style="line-height: 200%; margin-bottom: 8.0pt; margin-left: 0in; margin-right: 0in; margin-top: 0in; margin: 0in 0in 8pt; text-align: center;"><span style="background: white; color: black; line-height: 200%;"><o:p> </o:p></span></p>
<p align="center" style="line-height: 200%; margin-bottom: 8.0pt; margin-left: 0in; margin-right: 0in; margin-top: 0in; margin: 0in 0in 8pt; text-align: center;"><o:p> </o:p></p>
<p align="center" class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 200%; text-align: center;"><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman",serif; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 200%;"><o:p> </o:p></span></p>Jeremy Okenquisthttp://www.blogger.com/profile/05068633799640518099noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-3346515991378239658.post-18080921571171650572022-12-02T10:46:00.001-08:002022-12-02T10:46:34.003-08:00Twitter: Elon Musk Layoffs (2022)<br /><p><br /></p><h3><span style="font-family: arial;">Abstract</span></h3><p></p><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEi7hHcCGRdXcX_gu2q7YrvylsCUGXGQ_az4S3U-MD_bRHRa52ZbULPX2LIhh3voC8XjK3XBhEOTrs9xry5oK7bJFxAbbqzOJxOl_-incsG5EXG_x7Fakie2L9Zh1zz6RZcfdDfR7d-bYbiAM_1WuHjQnhc--ggj36oFkpYE_CL6HmVgGmZnN4Q-rfXCUQ/s248/download.png" style="clear: right; float: right; margin-bottom: 1em; margin-left: 1em;"><span style="font-family: arial;"><img border="0" data-original-height="204" data-original-width="248" height="329" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEi7hHcCGRdXcX_gu2q7YrvylsCUGXGQ_az4S3U-MD_bRHRa52ZbULPX2LIhh3voC8XjK3XBhEOTrs9xry5oK7bJFxAbbqzOJxOl_-incsG5EXG_x7Fakie2L9Zh1zz6RZcfdDfR7d-bYbiAM_1WuHjQnhc--ggj36oFkpYE_CL6HmVgGmZnN4Q-rfXCUQ/w400-h329/download.png" width="400" /></span></a></div><span style="font-family: arial;">Between January and April, Elon Musk began to collect large amounts of shares of the social media company known as Twitter. On the 27th of October, the deal was finalized. Musk immediately became Twitter's new owner, promptly firing Agrawal, chief financial officer (CFO) Ned Segal, Gadde, and general counsel Sean Edgett. Because of the exorbitant expense of the Twitter Exchange, Mr. Musk began to cut costs within the company, on October 20th The Washington Post reported that Musk intended to terminate 75 percent of Twitter's staff to which Mr. Musk told Twitter employees, while layoffs were still likely to happen, he did not intend to do so at the scale the Post had previously reported. Fast-forward to November 4th Musk and Twitter began laying off a substantial portion of the company's workforce and Twitter temporarily closed its offices, with The New York Times estimating that roughly half of the employees had been let go. Because of this mass layoff without warning five Twitter employees based in San Francisco and Cambridge, Massachusetts filed a lawsuit against the company, alleging that mass layoffs would violate federal and California WARN Acts.</span><p></p><p><span style="font-family: arial;">This paper will be an analysis of the potential ethical violations that Mr. Musk has committed, according to the theories of Individualism, Utilitarianism, Kantianism, and Virtue Theory to determine whether Mr. Musk and the company was acting ethically or unethically.</span></p><span style="font-family: arial;"><br /></span><h3><span style="font-family: arial;">Company takeover overview</span></h3><p></p><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEiZ6Vp072ZIZK41Gy6Im4Uw2YYItsk7L4nnoiis7VxrYGlMKFa8PH2Mm5z0Ge01aoRmIZb5sx-rNXFT0xXoYCiHADTkpgmbDx7oNMbaqYKDLI_2TmUUknyxoLK86_YzKU1kKEK0JDHemH0swsG7HChLIVTetWxLV85BsE8GRlaownUOnLbnllKy09cW/s1024/percent-of-twitter-fake-or-spam-1024.png" style="clear: right; float: right; margin-bottom: 1em; margin-left: 1em;"><span style="font-family: arial;"><img border="0" data-original-height="673" data-original-width="1024" height="323" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEiZ6Vp072ZIZK41Gy6Im4Uw2YYItsk7L4nnoiis7VxrYGlMKFa8PH2Mm5z0Ge01aoRmIZb5sx-rNXFT0xXoYCiHADTkpgmbDx7oNMbaqYKDLI_2TmUUknyxoLK86_YzKU1kKEK0JDHemH0swsG7HChLIVTetWxLV85BsE8GRlaownUOnLbnllKy09cW/w490-h323/percent-of-twitter-fake-or-spam-1024.png" width="490" /></span></a></div><span style="font-family: arial;">Between January and April, Elon Musk began to collect large amounts of shares of the social media company known as Twitter. On April 2nd Mr. Musk becomes the largest shareholder and is invited into the spheres of influence within Twitter. On the 14th Mr. Musk makes a bid to buy out the company to which the board of directors unanimously agrees on the 25th for a price of $44 billion. Between May and June however, Elon Musk begins to back out of the said deal for a multitude of reasons. The first of which was revealed to the public was the report that five percent of all Twitter users were either bots or spam accounts. To ensure that the deal would be as smooth as possible, the board agrees to a 3rd party investigation, to dismiss the claims that were given by Mr. Musk.</span><p></p><p><span style="font-family: arial;">In July, at the time, security officer Peiter Zatko had accused several Twitter executives, including CEO Agrawal and certain board members, of making false or misleading statements about the privacy of its users. Because of this Mr. Musk then announced his intention to terminate the proposed acquisition, claiming in a regulatory filing that Twitter was in "material breach" of several parts of the agreement. In response, Twitter formally launched its lawsuit against Musk at the Delaware Court of Chancery and hired the law firm Wachtell, Lipton, Rosen & Katz to represent its case on July 12th. When the Board and Mr. Musk went to court on the 19th judge Kathaleen McCormick ruled that the trial would take place in early October and last for five days. In the coming weeks, many chaotic events took place, that caused the value of Twitter to fall drastically, on the 22nd Twitter cited the "chaos" caused by the proposal as the primary factor for its decline in revenue. At the end of the month, Musk's lawyers complained that Twitter had hindered them from commencing the discovery process and requested an October 17 start date, which they were given.<br /></span></p><p><span style="font-family: arial;">On August 10th Musk sold 7.92 million Tesla shares worth a total of $6.9 billion as a backup should he lose the lawsuit and be forced to buy the company. To strengthen his case Elon Musk would begin to gather evidence that suggests Twitter had manipulated the deal in bad faith. On the 29th Musk filed a "termination letter" with the SEC, citing Zatko's claims as evidence Twitter breached their contract, which was accepted into the case.</span></p><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEhKzaG0N35Ju6GPhj7PPf4TAHLFIYKthOFz2PCyTPjg56-tqnOo7UOhTs-IASfwpGQ6ozXD4bHPajpckgKiV97QD4kHM9i5db7KtzZbIILkX74dbLwuheTMBhg8R4kSmtti2QFkJbjiNP_-2DQG9lcdnLUcfupNDnEdGy_TgDqeEXyCsqBDxQiOfTRP/s840/Buyout%20cost.png" style="clear: right; float: right; margin-bottom: 1em; margin-left: 1em;"><span style="font-family: arial;"><img border="0" data-original-height="840" data-original-width="840" height="400" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEhKzaG0N35Ju6GPhj7PPf4TAHLFIYKthOFz2PCyTPjg56-tqnOo7UOhTs-IASfwpGQ6ozXD4bHPajpckgKiV97QD4kHM9i5db7KtzZbIILkX74dbLwuheTMBhg8R4kSmtti2QFkJbjiNP_-2DQG9lcdnLUcfupNDnEdGy_TgDqeEXyCsqBDxQiOfTRP/w400-h400/Buyout%20cost.png" width="400" /></span></a></div><span style="font-family: arial;"><br /></span><p></p><p><span style="font-family: arial;">On the 13th of September Zatko testified before the Senate Judiciary Committee, while Twitter shareholders voted in favor of the acquisition. While at the same time Musk privately offered to purchase Twitter at the reduced prices of $31 billion and $39.6 billion, both of which the company rejected. On October 3rd as the time for the court hearing drew nearer Mr. Musk’s legal team informed Twitter that Musk had changed his mind and decided to move forward with his proposed acquisition at the originally agreed-upon price of $54.20 per share, on the condition that Twitter drops its lawsuit. They accepted and McCormick agreed to a request by Musk to postpone the trial to October 28 so Musk could finalize his debt financing for the acquisition. On the 27th of October, the deal was finalized. Musk immediately became Twitter's new owner, promptly firing Agrawal, chief financial officer (CFO) Ned Segal, Gadde, and general counsel Sean Edgett</span></p><h3><span style="font-family: arial;"><br /></span></h3><h3><div style="text-align: right;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEgxxgyLHyLiOvnlspwaUc5ltn-9b34WEaQxonJTssgTdnI4mciCyPGq2XaVOJI7ztadPqVk6utEIT-4KaqtFeWxT2udWb8g2qTB53eTzHf4uwm-F9gMs-oG01U3YYn4ngqsz9j6nFQhQG1MPEWnDXT1qkfsO1p8YrQPS9ghIGiCmXiL8jurwNnFRr-5/s1802/Screenshot%202022-12-02%20132147.png" style="clear: right; float: right; margin-bottom: 1em; margin-left: 1em;"><span style="font-family: arial;"><img border="0" data-original-height="1194" data-original-width="1802" height="303" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEgxxgyLHyLiOvnlspwaUc5ltn-9b34WEaQxonJTssgTdnI4mciCyPGq2XaVOJI7ztadPqVk6utEIT-4KaqtFeWxT2udWb8g2qTB53eTzHf4uwm-F9gMs-oG01U3YYn4ngqsz9j6nFQhQG1MPEWnDXT1qkfsO1p8YrQPS9ghIGiCmXiL8jurwNnFRr-5/w459-h303/Screenshot%202022-12-02%20132147.png" width="459" /></span></a></div><span style="font-family: arial;">Case Controversy</span></h3><p></p><span style="font-family: arial;"><br />Because of the exorbitant expense of the Twitter Exchange, Mr. Musk began to cut costs within the company, on October 20th The Washington Post reported that Musk intended to terminate 75 percent of Twitter's staff to which Mr. Musk told Twitter employees, while layoffs were still likely to happen, he did not intend to do so at the scale the Post had previously reported. Fast-forward to November 4th Musk and Twitter began laying off a substantial portion of the company's workforce and Twitter temporarily closed its offices, with The New York Times estimating that roughly half of the employees had been let go. Because of this mass layoff without warning five Twitter employees based in San Francisco and Cambridge, Massachusetts filed a lawsuit against the company, alleging that mass layoffs would violate federal and California WARN Acts. which have yet to be addressed in a court of law. Due to the layoffs being so numerous Twitter asked some employees who had been laid off to return to the company, either because they had been fired by mistake or because they were belatedly deemed important to the health of the business. On the 16th Musk stated that he planned to appoint a new CEO to oversee Twitter eventually. Musk and his advisers met with several employees to dissuade them from leaving the company while Twitter offices were once again closed until the following Monday.<br />On November 18th a large number of core functions had been rendered nonviable due to resignations. These included the "payroll team, financial reporting team, and taxes team for the US, [who] completely resigned". Elon Musk calls for 'anyone' left at Twitter who can write software to meet him, or fly in, to help him 'better understand' Twitter's tech</span><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"><div class="separator" style="clear: both;"><span style="font-family: arial;"><br /></span></div><span style="font-family: arial;"><br /></span><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEia7pJgGFQ8z0RCxvyH5UVIGEFzr3gczloiw7IgYzUj1k7-10JScqkZR7_4ekJpqBxxJvaxRiSgc6oRR_inyYybM-gaCr-mxNw7V2nZAFCWu72aCxun98E_0hXEX0Qwi_ggBAlnHPgWCUigVeezDTGcsfvndfjRwkFjYUHaQhkVYxJFRr3xlsVuwI_B/s4000/Merge%20final.png" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><span style="font-family: arial;"><img border="0" data-original-height="4000" data-original-width="3200" height="640" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEia7pJgGFQ8z0RCxvyH5UVIGEFzr3gczloiw7IgYzUj1k7-10JScqkZR7_4ekJpqBxxJvaxRiSgc6oRR_inyYybM-gaCr-mxNw7V2nZAFCWu72aCxun98E_0hXEX0Qwi_ggBAlnHPgWCUigVeezDTGcsfvndfjRwkFjYUHaQhkVYxJFRr3xlsVuwI_B/w512-h640/Merge%20final.png" width="512" /></span></a></div></div><span style="font-family: arial;"><br /></span><p></p><span style="font-family: arial;"><br /></span><h3><span style="font-family: arial;">Stakeholders</span></h3><p><span style="font-family: arial;">The stakeholders, in this case, are the employees at Twitter and their families. Due to the massive changes being made in their workplace they have had no assurance that they will be employed by the end of the week each day. The workforce of Twitter is directly being treated unethically. Being left without a job with no prior notice, their livelihood being put at risk as well as their families being left without a major source of income in many cases will leave people destitute.<br />The other stakeholders, in this case, are the users and distributors of Twitter, because of such a major slash within the company, many features that were to be rolled out with new updates to Twitter will no longer be on schedule, this will cause an eventual bottleneck within the development pipeline, that will affect all users as well as distribution companies such as Apple and Google.</span></p><p><span style="font-family: arial;">Today we will take a look at this controversy through several mindsets, summarize those mindsets, and how those mindsets affect what the resolution to the controversy should be.</span></p><p><span style="font-family: arial;"><br /></span></p><h3><span style="font-family: arial;">Individualism</span></h3><p><span style="font-family: arial;">Individualism according to Machan says “the only direct goal of business is to profit, and the primary obligation of the businessperson is to maximize the profit created, for the company and its shareholders.<br />Looking at the controversy through this lens, ElonMusk has been within the specifications of his purview, by trying to maximize profit, because the company was taken private as of October 26th we cannot tell if the profit is being increased however the plan Elon Musk would indicate he is trying to cut costs to decrease the accumulating debt, and as long as he does that within the purview of the law, he is within the ethical boundaries. That however is up to debate, the laws for layoffs are long and complex, as stated before in the case controversy section, the federal WARN law is a U.S. labor law that protects employees, their families, and communities by requiring most employers with 100 or more employees to provide 60 calendar-day advance notification of planned closings and mass layoffs of employees. Because Elon Musk had not given a 60-day notice it could be argued that he is breaching the laws, however, that could also be contradicted because § 639.9 (b) within the law states that due to unforeseeable Business circumstances the layoffs without notice could be accepted within a court case.</span></p><p><span style="font-family: arial;"><br /></span></p><h3><span style="font-family: arial;">Utilitarianism</span></h3><p><span style="font-family: arial;">Utilitarianism is by far more pro-stakeholder, it takes a stakeholder’s approach by saying in order to maximize happiness in yourself and other people. Its goal is to maximize happiness for all affected parties and to minimize unhappiness for all affected parties. In other words, Utilitarianism can be described as ‘pleasure and the absence of pain’. Ultimately, Utilitarians consider the costs and benefits of actions for all affected, not just the company or one individual. If we are to consider the pros and cons for the stakeholders then the entire deal has been mishandled and has harmed every stakeholder, and the employees have been harmed by the lack of security and reassurance. With the sudden changes and creation of a precarious work environment, the surviving members of the workforce still haven’t recovered from the experience as well as the poor environment that has been put in place by the new CEO. The second stakeholders are the families of the former twitter employees and distributors of twitter. As stated before the families of former employees are directly affected by the exorbitant layoffs happening and are extremely at risk of losing their livelihood as a result, and the distributors who are seen having issues communicating with Twitter’s internal customer support (mainly because it doesn't exist anymore), the extent to which this fallout will be is unknown as of now, but it can be said that the worst is still yet to come, with Elon Musk reported being hemorrhaging money because of this deal. It is still yet unclear if the company and social media platform will declare bankruptcy and how that will also affect the stakeholders.</span></p><p><span style="font-family: arial;"><br /></span></p><h3><span style="font-family: arial;">Kantianism</span></h3><p><span style="font-family: arial;">Developed by Immanuel Kant and focused primarily on rationality and Good Will. Kant says that it is wrong to manipulate and exploit people for their advantage. The four basic principles of Kantianism are defined to act rationally, helping others make rational decisions, respecting people, and to be driven by Good Will, and looking to do the right thing because it is right. In this theory, the Categorical Imperative is a test that decides whether an action is permissible or impermissible. One of the main formulations of the Categorical Imperative is The Formula of Humanity which states that it is wrong to use people as a means to get what you want because it exploits them.</span></p><span style="font-family: arial;"><br /></span><p><span style="font-family: arial;">If we follow this line of thinking it is clear to us that Elon Musk is in clear violation of his ethical obligation to his newly found employees, although he is acting rationally trying to cut expenses being dealt with by the company, the lack of clarity and falsities with internal reports to employees about layoffs clearly shows exploitation and manipulation of the employees, that and new reports stating that the workers who are still left are being told to do 70 plus hour work weeks show us that the new CEO, or “Cheif Twit” as he has referred to himself as is fallen out of good ethical practice for his new company.</span></p><p><span style="font-family: arial;"><br /></span></p><h3><span style="font-family: arial;">Virtue Theory</span></h3><p><span style="font-family: arial;">Virtue Theory was developed by Aristotle. Virtue Theory focuses on rationality and whether a person is virtuous or not. The 4 main virtues include courage, honesty, temperance, and justice. Aristotle said that rationality is what differentiates the characteristics of people. So, people need to be rational to live a virtuous life. Aristotle also said that people need to be rational to function well and said that if a thing achieves its function then the thing is happy. Therefore, people who function well will live virtuous lives.</span></p><p><span style="font-family: arial;">Looking at Mr, Musk’s actions through this lens, it becomes much harder to discern what is ethically just, on certain aspects it is clear that the takeover was very badly mishandled. As stated previously Mr. Musk has not had clarity with his employees thus making him in violation of the virtue of honesty. It is also clear that he violates the virtue of temperance.</span></p><p><span style="font-family: arial;">Temperance is setting reasonable expectations for employees. Which we can see is not being followed as shown by his telling employees to work 70-plus hour weeks, with so much chaos happening around them. In happenstance, the creation of such a hostile and unreasonable work environment makes it impossible for Mr. Musk to pass the Temperance Virtue.</span></p><p><span style="font-family: arial;">The virtue of justice is described not as bringing justice in the workplace but as acting in a just and reasonable manner that makes rational sense that can be followed without major issues, which again is shown to not be followed. We have seen that many of the layoffs were trying to be retracted with letters stating that people were laid off that weren’t supposed to be and Mr. Musk reportedly meeting in person with many of the former employees trying to bid favor and bring them back into the fray. The Justice virtue has been violated because of this back and forth of, giving a statement and then retracting it a day later, to where it seems there is no clear rationale for who is and isn't being put on the chopping block, the only clear thing about the whole ordeal is that people are being fired to cut costs, the employees just can never tell who.</span></p><p><span style="font-family: arial;">The last virtue to discuss is courage, courage seems to not be violated solely because of the complexity of the situation. And the lack of opportunity to be violated, to violate this there would need to be a clear and established history of trust between employer and employee, but because of how recent the case is (it is still ongoing as of writing) there is no allowance for the Virtue to be violated.</span></p><p><span style="font-family: arial;">Going through the 4 virtues, 3 of the 4 virtues are violated, and the 4th isn't even affected, therefore we can conclude that because any of the 4 virtues are violated Mr. Musk is not working within his ethical boundaries.</span></p><p><span style="font-family: arial;"><br /></span></p><h3><span style="font-family: arial;">Evaluation</span></h3><p><span style="font-family: arial;">Now we have gone through, our journey of several different ethical theories, we can determine whether or not Mr. Musk has mishandled his newly acquired company and how he could've done better. According to Individualism, the argument could be made that he was within his purview of the law to cut ties with a large portion of the workforce without prior notice thanks to § 639.9 (b) of the WARN Acts. but according to all other views he has been in a clear and direct violation of his ethical responsibility to his employees and their families. Utilitarianism would argue that because of the lack of morality with judgments that have taken place, its core values of maximizing happiness haven't been followed. Kantians would also agree that the ethical boundary has been crossed stating the Categorical Imperative was not followed. It is also stated by Virtue theory, that because 3 of the 4 virtues; honesty, temperance, and justice, were not followed that Mr. Musk wronged those who were let go.</span></p><p><span style="font-family: arial;">Unfortunately, hindsight is 20/20, and what has happened can't be fixed. The correct path to have taken would have been to give the employees 60 days' notice and begin to cut costs in other ways while the layoffs were to occur. The question then arises, “How would we rectify the situation now ?” The most obvious answer would be to give a stipend for the influx of money that has been lost as a result of the layoffs. The odds of that happening are slim to none, however. The option that then brings itself to the forefront would be to settle this dispute in a class action lawsuit that would be able to allow an accord to the workers so that they may air grievances and work toward a settlement that is beneficial to their issues.</span></p><p><span style="font-family: arial;"><br /></span></p><h3><span style="font-family: arial;">Closing Thoughts</span></h3><p><span style="font-family: arial;">In my closing thoughts, I feel I should also come to say that even though this writing is in an attempt to stay neutral to the situation, I do feel that my own thoughts will seep into the writing of the paper. I do stand with the workers as I feel everyone should in this situation. However, there is an argument to be made that this was the course of action tha</span>t was going to be made regardless of ethical boundaries. I should note that the situation was poorly handled at best and that even if layoffs were to happen the WARN Acts should have been followed better and the workers should have been given much more clarity on what was to happen when the transition between the two different boards was going to happen. I also feel that the Board of directors spearheaded by the former CEO Parag Agrawal is not innocent in the events that lead up to the mass layoffs, in many ways they sold out their employees and left them with many questions and concerns without instilling confidence or a sense of security, it is just as much the board's job to ensure employees that they have security, as it is the board's job to please shareholders.</p><div>Overall the entire takeover was a poorly mishandled mess that every party involved had a hand in dealing with. Much of the blame is on Mr. Musk, and we have taken a look at this through many eyes. The takeaway here should be, since each decision matters, it's important to pause and think about the impact your decision or action will have on yourself and others. Weigh the potential consequences of each decision, including positive or negative outcomes that may occur immediately or in the future.</div><div><br /></div><div><br /></div><div><br /></div><h3><span style="font-size: small;">References</span></h3><div><div><span style="font-size: x-small;">Salazar, Heather. The Business Ethics Case Manual: The Authoritative Step-by-Step </span><span style="font-size: small;">Guide to Understanding and Improving the Ethics of Any Business. Print.</span></div><div style="font-size: medium;"><br /></div></div><span style="font-size: x-small;">Ashley Belanger - Nov 14, 2022 4:28 pm UTC. “Twitter Lays off 5K Contractors in Surprise 2nd Wave of Cuts, More Mods Lost.” Ars Technica, 14 Nov. 2022, <a href="https://arstechnica.com/tech-policy/2022/11/twitter-lays-off-5k-contractors-in-surprise-2nd-wave-of-cuts-more-mods-lost/.">https://arstechnica.com/tech-policy/2022/11/twitter-lays-off-5k-contractors-in-surprise-2nd-wave-of-cuts-more-mods-lost/.</a><br /><br />“Code of Federal Regulations; PART 639 - WORKER ADJUSTMENT AND RETRAINING NOTIFICATION.” www.govinfo.gov, 1 Apr. 2010, <a href="https://www.govinfo.gov/content/pkg/CFR-2010-title20-vol3/xml/CFR-2010-title20-vol3-part639.xml.">https://www.govinfo.gov/content/pkg/CFR-2010-title20-vol3/xml/CFR-2010-title20-vol3-part639.xml.</a><br /><br />Feiner, Lauren. “House Republicans Demand Twitter's Board Preserve All Records about Musk's Bid to Buy the Company.” CNBC, CNBC, 22 Apr. 2022, <a href="https://www.cnbc.com/2022/04/22/republicans-demand-twitter-board-save-records-on-musks-bid.html.">https://www.cnbc.com/2022/04/22/republicans-demand-twitter-board-save-records-on-musks-bid.html.</a><br /><br />Hays, Kali. “Elon Musk Calls for Remaining Twitter Coders, Engineers to Meet Him.” Business Insider, Business Insider, 18 Nov. 2022, <a href="https://www.businessinsider.com/elon-musk-remaining-twitter-coders-engineers-email-2022-11?amp.">https://www.businessinsider.com/elon-musk-remaining-twitter-coders-engineers-email-2022-11?amp.</a><br /><br />Mac, Ryan, et al. “Resignations Roil Twitter as Elon Musk Tries Persuading Some Workers to Stay.” The New York Times, The New York Times, 17 Nov. 2022, <a href="https://www.nytimes.com/2022/11/17/technology/twitter-elon-musk-ftc.html.">https://www.nytimes.com/2022/11/17/technology/twitter-elon-musk-ftc.html.</a><br /><br />O'Sullivan, Donie, and Clare Duffy. “Elon Musk's Twitter Lays off Employees across the Company | CNN Business.” CNN, Cable News Network, 9 Nov. 2022, <a href="https://www.cnn.com/2022/11/03/tech/twitter-layoffs/index.html.">https://www.cnn.com/2022/11/03/tech/twitter-layoffs/index.html.</a><br /><br />Siddiqui, Faiz, and Jeremy B. Merrill. “Musk Issues Ultimatum to Staff: Commit to 'Hardcore' Twitter or Take Severance.” The Washington Post, WP Company, 18 Nov. 2022, <a href="https://www.washingtonpost.com/technology/2022/11/16/musk-twitter-email-ultimatum-termination">https://www.washingtonpost.com/technology/2022/11/16/musk-twitter-email-ultimatum-termination</a>/.<br /><br />Vinocur, Nicholas, and Vincent Manancourt. “EU Privacy Enforcer Puts Elon Musk on Notice as Twitter Melts Down.” POLITICO, POLITICO, 18 Nov. 2022, <a href="#">https://www.politico.eu/article/elon-musk-twitter-privacy-helen-dixon-eu-privacy-enforcer-puts-on-notice-as-twitter-melts-down/.</a></span>Ethan Ahearnhttp://www.blogger.com/profile/09135009314527334437noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-3346515991378239658.post-25923504437945897802022-12-02T10:37:00.000-08:002022-12-02T10:37:14.603-08:00FTX: The Downfall of Cryptocurrency (2022)<div class="page" title="Page 1"><div class="section" style="background-color: white;"><div class="layoutArea"><div class="column"><p><span style="font-family: TimesNewRomanPS; font-size: 14pt; font-weight: 700;">FTX: The Downfall of Cryptocurrency (2022)</span></p><p><span style="font-family: TimesNewRomanPS; font-size: 12pt; font-weight: 700;">Abstract</span></p><p></p><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/a/AVvXsEhHYOopV_Ef7l1LPCfyTbAjAqgp4JO0cLKvWDtfXn5lFnGbyRA1Vmt69wAaTiew8PvgRXfjCgJ2bszdirGFugPqFD8v8F5sM5sjCB-7E44TdxgaDiyIWOHfBbvn26OnhLPO7-XWd4sNzvTyqS28g2TUOELCJPYoTaqTIZGFZhzneCMu3lPg8l2y-Y4" style="clear: right; float: right; margin-bottom: 1em; margin-left: 1em;"><img alt="" data-original-height="183" data-original-width="275" height="213" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/a/AVvXsEhHYOopV_Ef7l1LPCfyTbAjAqgp4JO0cLKvWDtfXn5lFnGbyRA1Vmt69wAaTiew8PvgRXfjCgJ2bszdirGFugPqFD8v8F5sM5sjCB-7E44TdxgaDiyIWOHfBbvn26OnhLPO7-XWd4sNzvTyqS28g2TUOELCJPYoTaqTIZGFZhzneCMu3lPg8l2y-Y4" width="320" /></a></div><span style="font-family: TimesNewRomanPSMT; font-size: 12pt;">Cryptocurrencies have a history of some shady backgrounds behind them. Some companies have ties with questionable leadership or ethical dilemmas. FTX is a perfect example of a cryptocurrency that is currently crashing because of ethical issues that lead to investors as well as competitors questioning the legitimacy of the company. There are many different examples of ethical theories that can apply to the company FTX such as Individualism, Kantianism, Virtue Theory and others. When a person can apply these things to a company it is not a good thing because it means the company is going through some kind of questionable decision making. This can affect the company in a major way because it leads to people not trusting them with investors' money. These theories can demonstrate to investors whether or not they should continue to put their money in this company. If they decide to pull out, it causes a major crash in the market.</span><p></p><p><span style="font-family: TimesNewRomanPSMT; font-size: 12pt;"><br /></span></p><div class="page" title="Page 1"><div class="section"><div class="layoutArea"><div class="column"><p><span style="font-family: TimesNewRomanPS; font-size: 12pt; font-weight: 700;">Ethics Case Controversy</span></p><p><span style="font-family: TimesNewRomanPSMT; font-size: 12pt;">FTX is a cryptocurrency that is currently struggling mightily in the market. The stock has gone down 94% in the last month and is continuing to fall. All of this has begun to happen because of news breaking about the company misreporting funds. Founder Sam Bankman-Fried created FTX in 2019 and it quickly outgrew what was expected of the cryptocurrency. The </span><span style="font-family: TimesNewRomanPSMT; font-size: 12pt;">company grew so large it was able to purchase time for a super bowl ad, had their name on a college football field and a NBA court, and the founder was featured in </span><span style="font-family: TimesNewRomanPS; font-size: 12pt; font-style: italic;">The New Yorker </span><span style="font-family: TimesNewRomanPSMT; font-size: 12pt;">and </span><span style="font-family: TimesNewRomanPS; font-size: 12pt; font-style: italic;">Vogue</span><span style="font-family: TimesNewRomanPSMT; font-size: 12pt;">. As quickly as the company rose, they fell even faster. On November 8th, 2022 FTX was falling so far in the market another rival company announced they planned to buy it out. Binance, one of the largest crypto exchanges in the world, had announced they planned to buy their competitor out and take over. This deal was set to go through until a crypto publication called CoinDesk came out with a report explaining how the sister company of FTX was looking at some trouble. Alameda Research is a hedge fund that Bankman-Fried founded before FTX. This hedge fund had a large portion of their assets in a cryptocurrency called FTT which was created by FTX for traders to use when going on their platform. When CoinDesk came out with this report it was feared that since FTX was dropping in price it would lead to a major problem for Almeda Research as well. After the details about this came out Binance decided they did not want to purchase FTX anymore which led to some public issues between Binance owner Mr. Zhao and FTX owner Mr. Bankman-Fried. While all of this was going on investors began to pull out of FTX as much as possible. After Bianance announced they were no longer purchasing FTX, the stock dropped about 63% in just 24 hours. As of today, November 21, 2022, the stock has dropped about 94% since the original report came out. People began to worry this was going to be one of the next big Crypto collapses, so investors withdrew over $1.2 billion from FTX holdings. Binance also later announced they were going to sell all of their holdings in FTT because of these recent issues. Mr. Bankman-Fried has been trying to keep the public calm during this entire situation by saying “ A competitor is coming after us with false rumors, FTX is fine. Assets are fine.” (New York Times) Binance is also not a stranger to scrutiny because they have had issues in the past with the Securities and Exchange Commission, as well having many </span></p><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/a/AVvXsEiHZGTpN3soOQeiyBL-XhyNovU35LpmAao0nQnwVPQxo4se-1VD1PnHdsOvjgQIS_ASa2fUGr5pT7E_3eKDBvMASm5hgzsuPbO2tXtBSvDIhDnotqnuio66mPCITxWDapr3ozyzpQGRyuGNd-r-xYH5MrcqG3Fv-X7XBtTWp2QuW7eucDCeiYOQafM" style="clear: right; float: right; margin-bottom: 1em; margin-left: 1em;"><img alt="FTX Logo" data-original-height="121" data-original-width="192" height="202" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/a/AVvXsEiHZGTpN3soOQeiyBL-XhyNovU35LpmAao0nQnwVPQxo4se-1VD1PnHdsOvjgQIS_ASa2fUGr5pT7E_3eKDBvMASm5hgzsuPbO2tXtBSvDIhDnotqnuio66mPCITxWDapr3ozyzpQGRyuGNd-r-xYH5MrcqG3Fv-X7XBtTWp2QuW7eucDCeiYOQafM=w320-h202" title="FTX Logo" width="320" /></a></div><br /><span style="font-family: TimesNewRomanPSMT; font-size: 12pt;">details about their business hidden for years. Through all of this trouble FTX has been able to stay afloat because it is backed by some major investors including Sequoia Capital and SoftBank. The company was able to raise nearly $2 billion in funding from these investors. They came out with a statement talking about how they were shocked by the way Binance wanted to take over the company and did not see it coming. In an email to investors, Bankman-Fried said stockholders were his second priority and the first was protecting the industry and customers. He later apologized in this email and said he understands he needs to do better. In a memo to the FTX staff he said more information will be coming in the future and he was to continue to grow the company together.</span><p></p><div class="page" title="Page 3"><div class="section"><div class="layoutArea"><div class="column"><p><span style="font-family: TimesNewRomanPS; font-size: 12pt; font-weight: 700;">Stakeholders</span></p><p></p><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/a/AVvXsEjcSzMEDvZXW2Iuheixc2JmGI2GOnliPczy2WMhM6HpsJ7hA-JJXHaVSukjOimbr29in_EK666jcclTpTsMjljtQI-QhOKXm4x99QFRtx-o0we-Ig-dhH2Hy7ANjiIC2evvwMpcG_Drg6dA5Iu_9FgjVyvu0jwIasF2wDTCqj8rONbCiAh-AxkJOmM" style="clear: left; float: left; margin-bottom: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img alt="" data-original-height="183" data-original-width="275" height="213" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/a/AVvXsEjcSzMEDvZXW2Iuheixc2JmGI2GOnliPczy2WMhM6HpsJ7hA-JJXHaVSukjOimbr29in_EK666jcclTpTsMjljtQI-QhOKXm4x99QFRtx-o0we-Ig-dhH2Hy7ANjiIC2evvwMpcG_Drg6dA5Iu_9FgjVyvu0jwIasF2wDTCqj8rONbCiAh-AxkJOmM" width="320" /></a></div><span style="font-family: TimesNewRomanPSMT; font-size: 12pt;">There are a couple different stakeholders that are involved in this case. The first example of a stakeholder would be the people who are working in the company. These people have a major stake in the success of FTX because they are counting on that company for their jobs so they can survive. If the company goes under, their lives are going to change drastically because they will be looking for a new place to work. Another example of a stakeholder in this case is all of the people that are invested in FTX. These people have money on the line and the more the stock goes down, the more money they are going to lose. They want to see the company succeed as much as possible so they can make as much money as they can. One last example of stakeholders in this case would be other companies involved in the cryptocurrency market. They are stakeholders because when people see FTX crashing it begins to affect the rest of the market as well. People worry the rest of the market is going to crash like FTX is so they decide to pull money out of other cryptocurrencies as well.<br /></span><p></p></div></div></div></div><div class="page" title="Page 4"><div class="section"><div class="layoutArea"><div class="column"><p><span style="font-family: TimesNewRomanPS; font-size: 12pt; font-weight: 700;">Individualism</span></p><p><span style="font-family: TimesNewRomanPSMT; font-size: 12pt;"></span></p><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/a/AVvXsEgQfFoVbZl_WWSSuK9xPouBVZd5QXe_4j8KY0ZZqG1M5aa49NDmCP4zpS-NBjK8mriy14zBc4xIiOWY_rC96xqsZdX8uL4njPwJZ2iCTanPyiJ0oM3SUJd-Jy5Jw5-E_tXgSFoq9nMqt9BdL1-rhGnKyezKNMxyeegouUi8QE6Z2u_kHhjNb90VJlk" style="clear: right; float: right; margin-bottom: 1em; margin-left: 1em;"><img alt="" data-original-height="232" data-original-width="217" height="240" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/a/AVvXsEgQfFoVbZl_WWSSuK9xPouBVZd5QXe_4j8KY0ZZqG1M5aa49NDmCP4zpS-NBjK8mriy14zBc4xIiOWY_rC96xqsZdX8uL4njPwJZ2iCTanPyiJ0oM3SUJd-Jy5Jw5-E_tXgSFoq9nMqt9BdL1-rhGnKyezKNMxyeegouUi8QE6Z2u_kHhjNb90VJlk" width="224" /></a></div>Individualism can clearly be demonstrated in many companies around the world on a daily basis. The idea behind individualism is each business has the end goal of making a profit. Businesses will do anything they can to achieve that goal because they want to maximize the profit for all shareholders in the company. That would be their only obligation to everybody. The only catch with this is it has to be within the law. Some businesses take that very seriously but others appear to have problems staying within the law. FTX is walking a fine line when it comes to this because their obvious goal as a company is to maximize all the profits they can, but they have done some things that can be debated whether or not it was ethical. As a company they have not done anything illegal yet, but some of the decision making from their owner has been very questionable as of late. Having his hedge fund own a large amount of FTT is not illegal but is not considered the most ethically correct decision he could have made. His goal of this was to maximize all of the profits he could for the business but he is doing it in a questionable manner. The problem with Friedman’s theory of Individualism in this case is it does not take into account the identity of each company individually. FTX is a company that wants to do all they can to achieve their goals of growing as a company. Some of their core values may get put in the rear view mirror along the way because they know doing the right thing will not always bring them the most success. They tried to do what they needed to so they could get a strong business that continues to grow but their ethical decisions in this area have begun to lead to the downfall of their company. It has led investors to pull money out of the company and has caused a major drop of their stock price. If they truly followed the ideas of individualism they could have been more successful in the long term rather than having short term success but then falling is a massive way.<br /><p></p></div></div></div></div></div></div></div></div></div></div></div></div><div class="page" title="Page 5"><div class="section" style="background-color: white;"><div class="layoutArea"><div class="column"><p><span style="font-family: TimesNewRomanPS; font-size: 12pt; font-weight: 700;">Utilitarianism</span></p></div></div></div></div><p style="text-align: left;"><span style="background-color: white; font-family: TimesNewRomanPSMT; font-size: 12pt;">Utilitarianism is another ethical theory that somebody could say had a major impact on FTX as a company. This definition of utilitarianism is “Utilitarianism tells us that we can determine the ethical significance of any action by looking to the consequences of that act” (DesJardins 30) The goal of this ethical theory is to maximize the overall good as much as possible in any decision a company makes. A company is trying to produce the greatest amount of good for the largest number of people when they are considering this theory. This is something FTX needs to consider more when making decisions as a company. The choices they make might provide success for themselves in the short term, but do not provide much good for everybody else that is associated with them. The choices made by Mr. Bankman-Fried caused many investors to pull money out of the company because they do not believe he is doing a good thing for everyone. They believe he is just trying to set himself up rather than doing good for a large number of people. If he paid more attention to the meaning of Utilitarianism he could have been more successful for a much larger number of people. If his decisions were based more on the success of everybody the company could have continued to grow for many more years in the future rather than falling like it is now. The issue with Utilitarianism is it is hard to actually find a way to measure this good. People say the good should lead to happiness for all parties but how can one measure that? This could be a reason why FTX did not take this theory more into consideration because they did not know how to measure the results. Investors being happy with something does not always relate to how they manage their money so the company would not be able to measure their success with Utilitarianism based on that idea.</span></p><div class="page" title="Page 6"><div class="section" style="background-color: white;"><div class="layoutArea"><div class="column"><p><span style="font-family: TimesNewRomanPS; font-size: 12pt; font-weight: 700;">Kantianism</span></p></div></div></div></div><p style="text-align: left;"><span style="background-color: white; font-family: TimesNewRomanPSMT; font-size: 12pt;">Kantianism is another major theory in business ethics that many businesses consider in today's world. Kantianism has a couple major rules that play key factors in decision making. The first rule is to act rationally and do not consider yourself exempt from any rules. The second is to allow other people to help you make any decisions that need to be made. The third is to respect people and their own individual needs. The final rule is to be motivated to achieve your goals for the company. FTX appears to have taken some of these rules into consideration but not all of them when going through business decisions. For example, FTX as a company was clearly motivated to succeed and they would do whatever is necessary to get the best result for their company. However they also did not consider some of the other rules such as acting rationally and letting others help make any major decisions. It is safe to say the decision of Mr. Bankman-Fried’s hedge fund owning a large majority of FTT was not a rational decision. If he took the time to sit down and look at how that would not only affect FTX, but all of the people involved with the company he would not have decided to put that large of an amount of FTT into his hedge fund. He also could have had other people come in to consult on this decision rather than making it all himself. If he had input from others telling him how when that information is released to the public it could have a large backlash on the company, there is a chance he would have decided against the idea and made a different decision. The final rule about one individual being exempt from other rules is something that could be worked on more for the founder of the company. He made some decisions that focused mainly on himself and made it look like he did not have to take any input from others or consider others in his choices. This is a clear example of him thinking he is too good to follow all of the rules that relate to Kantianism.</span></p><div class="page" title="Page 7"><div class="section" style="background-color: white;"><div class="layoutArea"><div class="column"><p><span style="font-family: TimesNewRomanPS; font-size: 12pt; font-weight: 700;">Virtue Theory</span></p></div></div></div></div><p style="text-align: left;"><span style="background-color: white; font-family: TimesNewRomanPSMT; font-size: 12pt;">Virtue theory is another theory that talks about the good and how choices and actions can affect that. The idea behind this theory is it is not enough to just understand what the correct actions or virtues are, but they need to be regularly practiced. A company needs to make the decision about what the right thing to do in any situation is and they need to stick by the choice they make in the future. One way this can happen is having a person model themself after others who have had success in this area before them. For example, if Mr. Bankman-Fried decided to model some ideas for his company from another company that is known to be successful in areas such as being environmentally friendly, giving back to the community, or continuing to grow the field of work they are in by creating more jobs for people. Making good choices like these that affect people in a positive way would be something that FTX could greatly benefit from as a company. FTX has been hit with a lot of bad PR lately which has led to them losing lots of money from investors. This is all happening because of some poor decision making by the founder of the company. If FTX started getting in the news for something good like the examples listed prior, people's confidence in the company could grow back to where it was originally. FTX could begin the practice of making good decisions that lead to a large amount of good for many people and the company could begin to change the narrative currently going on in the media. These practices could also begin to turn around the company's history of poor decision making. If one begins to practice good virtues on a regular basis, it begins to become a habit. These habits always lead to a larger amount of good for a larger number of people rather than focusing on the success of just the company themselves.</span></p><div class="page" title="Page 8"><div class="section" style="background-color: white;"><div class="layoutArea"><div class="column"><p><span style="font-family: TimesNewRomanPS; font-size: 12pt; font-weight: 700;">Justificated Ethics Evaluation</span></p></div></div></div></div><p style="text-align: left;"><span style="background-color: white; font-family: TimesNewRomanPSMT; font-size: 12pt;">FTX has a history of making decisions that are considered questionable. The founder of the company, Mr. Bankman-Fried, has made some choices that appear to be what is best for his own gain and not what is better for everybody else that is involved with the company. His obvious goal is to make the largest possible profit for the company because it leads to him getting the biggest personal gain. But some of the decisions he has made has led to the downfall of the company as well as losing money for many investors. The biggest example of this is his hedge fund owning such a large majority of FTT. This led to short term success for FTX because they were able to move a large portion leading to a large profit, but when the news came out to the public it was a major red flag for investors and opposing companies. This led to Binance deciding against buying out FTX while their stock was plummeting because investors were pulling out millions of dollars everyday. The decision that was made was not an ethical choice because it did not provide a large amount of good for a large number of people. It only provided short term success for the company and himself. His argument with the owner of Binance in the media also did not help his company at all because it made them look bad on a national spotlight for everybody to see. Overall this company has made choices in their past that would not be considered ethical and it had clearly led to the downfall of their stock. They continue to fall everyday because of the poor choices that were made by their founder.</span> </p><div class="page" title="Page 8"><div class="section" style="background-color: white;"><div class="layoutArea"><div class="column"><p><span style="font-family: TimesNewRomanPS; font-size: 12pt; font-weight: 700;">Conclusion</span></p><p><span style="font-family: TimesNewRomanPSMT; font-size: 12pt;">FTX is a company that had so much potential to grow and become a stable in the Cryptocurrency world. Sadly all of that potential appears to be going in the wrong direction because of poor decisions made by the founder of the company. Not only did Mr. Bankman-Fried </span><span style="font-family: TimesNewRomanPSMT; font-size: 12pt;">lose money for tons of people invested in his company, he lost money for all of the workers and himself as well. If he considered more ethical theories when he was making all of the decisions that would drastically affect the company, he could have been more successful in the business world.</span></p></div></div></div></div><p><br /></p><p></p><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/a/AVvXsEgKfyHK7hGJl44ZGmQ8RrHyVkg3B1v3UaoRtwCi9dkLsmXm0Ifl8_ISVkr0jgdnDZTa4YkzB8VidFVfapawvGfZ-brqmcgjrX0sfgUbTeMu-w_kZySuBttR-ZXuq2r98Ne-knirx1eggSjFM7i48J-owiLih_Kl7QtLnwP1kp43Eq2w5kyL39htx98" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img alt="" data-original-height="2000" data-original-width="800" height="756" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/a/AVvXsEgKfyHK7hGJl44ZGmQ8RrHyVkg3B1v3UaoRtwCi9dkLsmXm0Ifl8_ISVkr0jgdnDZTa4YkzB8VidFVfapawvGfZ-brqmcgjrX0sfgUbTeMu-w_kZySuBttR-ZXuq2r98Ne-knirx1eggSjFM7i48J-owiLih_Kl7QtLnwP1kp43Eq2w5kyL39htx98=w302-h756" width="302" /></a></div><br /><br /><p></p><p><br /><br /></p><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"><br /></div><br /><p></p><p><br /></p><p><br /></p><p><br /></p><p><br /></p><p><br /></p><p><br /></p><p><br /></p><p><br /></p><p><br /></p><p><br /></p><p><br /></p>Jack Brunthttp://www.blogger.com/profile/02002149789158148540noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-3346515991378239658.post-50420375530545053992022-12-02T09:59:00.009-08:002022-12-14T11:47:09.471-08:00YouTube: Misinformation Controversy (2020-2022)<h2 style="line-height: normal;"><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman",serif; font-size: 12pt;"><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"><br /></div></span></h2><h2 style="line-height: normal;"><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman", serif; font-size: 12pt;">Abstract</span></h2>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; text-indent: 0.5in;"><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman",serif; font-size: 12pt;">YouTube is a form
of social media that consists of video sharing and production. Users can post
videos as well as interact with items already on the site. YouTube, along with
other popular social media sites faced pressure to censor the content being
posted by their users. The controversy surrounding the presidential election
traveled quickly nationwide through sites like YouTube, Twitter, Facebook, and
Instagram. These companies were forced to make quick decisions to protect their
users as well as the name of their brands. To determine if the decisions
YouTube made in this situation were ethical, we will compare the four main
ethical theories. Individualism, Utilitarianism, Kantianism, and the Virtue
Theory are packed with standards that YouTube needed to meet in order to be
considered ethical in the choices they made regarding their censoring of
information. <o:p></o:p></span></p>
<h2 style="line-height: normal;"><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman",serif; font-size: 12pt;">Ethics
Case Controversy<o:p></o:p></span></h2><div><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman",serif; font-size: 12pt;"><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"><br /></div><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/a/AVvXsEj-8HV_f2Qlvgnb2VKUpcAGEkWK8mmZzhkfLTOlS9Luh5J01aQv1WjnEMYmL3w74XS9VaKFmdcZ0yAgiMsPQpCeyBNd4mdB_aeHJRCryF5SNXqpMaQhUeDpn4YiQhkq2uknYBzBuBbbwUGmvtfS0RaxR5QQXrZPxl9HkNnG2GhIQWEyz5CdYLtpYuPj" style="clear: left; float: left; margin-bottom: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img alt="" data-original-height="2000" data-original-width="800" height="688" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/a/AVvXsEj-8HV_f2Qlvgnb2VKUpcAGEkWK8mmZzhkfLTOlS9Luh5J01aQv1WjnEMYmL3w74XS9VaKFmdcZ0yAgiMsPQpCeyBNd4mdB_aeHJRCryF5SNXqpMaQhUeDpn4YiQhkq2uknYBzBuBbbwUGmvtfS0RaxR5QQXrZPxl9HkNnG2GhIQWEyz5CdYLtpYuPj=w264-h688" width="264" /></a></div></span></div>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal;"><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman",serif; font-size: 12pt;"><span style="mso-tab-count: 1;"> </span>The
2020 United States Presidential election was consumed with controversy and
accusations. Using social media sites, misinformation about the election and
election results spread across the country. Sites like YouTube, Google, and
Facebook were the largest platforms that were being used to spread false
information. The Presidential election was a serious matter in the United
States and many social media platforms released statements on how they planned
to limit and control information on their pages. YouTube did not make an
official statement until the “safe harbor” deadline after the election. The “safe
harbor” deadline is the last day that Congress has the legal ability to
intervene in the election. All states will have their final and official vote
counts by this day and Congress does not have any authority for change once the
deadline is reached. In YouTube’s statement, they addressed that they will not
tolerate any content that speaks on misleading information. Referring to the
safe harbor deadline, YouTube says, “<span style="color: black;">Given that, we
will start removing any piece of content uploaded today (or any time after)
that misleads people by alleging that widespread fraud or errors changed the
outcome of the 2020 U.S. Presidential election, in line with our approach
towards historical U.S. Presidential elections” (YouTube). The company stated
that any content referring to the election being ruined by counting errors or
software glitches will be immediately removed. </span></span></p><table cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="tr-caption-container" style="float: right;"><tbody><tr><td style="text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/a/AVvXsEgxWPoJJVY7EQql9pF7k9jRn--WgmD8hrK3QaGZ8NqDylPtagnxb5mVU0lB8ef8DqXt1CyCo-lgRJgq3euGiUz68QFjIiemyqVJ76ILpvsq2Xce4eMx0-lXV6M6LE0cO71NoaLPTsgJJDNeRvrzOw9Tk033pZMqPsIRu3iuVrRBPDoFu6U1n_0Pvhwn" style="clear: right; margin-bottom: 1em; margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><img alt="" data-original-height="688" data-original-width="678" height="240" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/a/AVvXsEgxWPoJJVY7EQql9pF7k9jRn--WgmD8hrK3QaGZ8NqDylPtagnxb5mVU0lB8ef8DqXt1CyCo-lgRJgq3euGiUz68QFjIiemyqVJ76ILpvsq2Xce4eMx0-lXV6M6LE0cO71NoaLPTsgJJDNeRvrzOw9Tk033pZMqPsIRu3iuVrRBPDoFu6U1n_0Pvhwn" width="237" /></a></td></tr><tr><td class="tr-caption" style="text-align: center;">An example of some of the misinformation <br />posted on numerous social media pages</td></tr></tbody></table><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman",serif; font-size: 12pt;"><span style="color: black;"><br /><o:p></o:p></span></span><p></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; text-indent: 0.5in;"><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman",serif; font-size: 12pt; letter-spacing: 0.2pt;">Section 230 of the Communications Decency Act is a law that was created
in 1996, with the intent of regulating online pornography. This law protects
media sites like YouTube by stating that if their users are to post illegal
things, they are not considered liable (CBS News). Those opposed to this claim
that companies are using it to hide and not address their issues upfront. This
also allows for defamation lawsuits for organizations who are displeased with
their reviews on certain sites. There is controversy from both sides of the
political atmosphere. Joe Biden and other democrats feel that this law allows for
companies to take a backseat and not take the action they should be to censor
their websites. Donald Trump and other republicans feel that their opinions are
being censored and this law allows for a “shield” to protect them (CFR). The
basis of this misinformation scandal with YouTube is based on the election
between Donald Trump and Joe Biden in 2020. Donald Trump and his supporters
claimed that the election was stolen, and that Joe Biden won based on
miscalculation as well as voter fraud. Videos of these claims were plastered
all over YouTube, forcing the company to release the censorship statements that
they did. <o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; text-indent: 0.5in;"><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman",serif; font-size: 12pt;">YouTube’s current
statement on their website states that they do not allow any content that could
be misleading or incorrect. YouTube states on their site, “<span style="letter-spacing: 0.2pt;">With billions of people visiting us every day -
whether they’re looking to be informed, to catch up on the latest news, or to
learn more about the topics they care about, we have a responsibility to
connect people to high-quality content. So, the most important thing we can do
is increase the good and decrease the bad. That’s why we address misinformation
on our platform based on our ‘4 Rs’ principles: we remove content that violates
our policies, reduce recommendations of borderline content, raise up
authoritative sources for news and information, and reward trusted creators.” <o:p></o:p></span></span></p><p class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; text-indent: 0.5in;"><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman",serif; font-size: 12pt;"><span style="letter-spacing: 0.2pt;"></span></span></p><table cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="tr-caption-container" style="float: left;"><tbody><tr><td style="text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/a/AVvXsEj2g8bhipufpzDfOUoatvp6l0A3f-kq8dT1tVnb9f0FYmr2z02F6bkomc9UgUoQ9RLB8b9SVZu-LNC6WLrnc8uCWdgMxFoIEoumLZ50LKnNM4cNrr6ndFNMIZLUH1TOcHwP9O6RYwePPetaJzaiZIwj3fgySEnBcWZRj2aBah7DkjU99vlwAxhPiis4" style="clear: left; margin-bottom: 1em; margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><img alt="" data-original-height="353" data-original-width="474" height="238" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/a/AVvXsEj2g8bhipufpzDfOUoatvp6l0A3f-kq8dT1tVnb9f0FYmr2z02F6bkomc9UgUoQ9RLB8b9SVZu-LNC6WLrnc8uCWdgMxFoIEoumLZ50LKnNM4cNrr6ndFNMIZLUH1TOcHwP9O6RYwePPetaJzaiZIwj3fgySEnBcWZRj2aBah7DkjU99vlwAxhPiis4" width="320" /></a></td></tr><tr><td class="tr-caption" style="text-align: center;">Examples of some election content that<br />YouTube allowed to be posted</td></tr></tbody></table><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman",serif; font-size: 12pt;"><span style="letter-spacing: 0.2pt;"><br /><br /></span></span><p></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; text-indent: 0.5in;"><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman",serif; font-size: 12pt; letter-spacing: 0.2pt;">On January 6, 2021, YouTube content creators livestreamed the attack on
the Capitol. Two specific creators, Ford Fischer and news outlet Status Coup
had their videos removed by YouTube. YouTube released a statement to both
channels saying, ‘” Content that advances false claims that widespread fraud,
errors, or glitches changed the outcome of the U.S. 2020 presidential election
is not allowed on YouTube.”’ (Forbes). These creators argued that YouTube was
interfering with the posting of raw footage that was historically significant.
Forbes also highlights that YouTube had not removed footage from news outlets
like NBC News and the Telegraph, both of which posted speeches from the riot.
YouTube was yet again late to the party as they took nearly a week to place a
suspension on Donald Trump. Twitter and Facebook banned him indefinitely right
after the event. <o:p></o:p></span></p>
<h2 style="line-height: normal;"><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman",serif; font-size: 12pt;">Stakeholders<o:p></o:p></span></h2>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; text-indent: 0.5in;"><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman",serif; font-size: 12pt; letter-spacing: 0.2pt;"></span></p><table cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="tr-caption-container" style="float: right;"><tbody><tr><td style="text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/a/AVvXsEhBBe1p-1gIWuOMK6fRChbk104iU-BOPFeh9tI005VooWrKv-Si1n_hyoyao47GSNG4yAo1ZSthnNuhn3sQVeBHGBxcYXagO9j4SbW9WaEyzfvtxtrijG7XwQUyO_Wuy7sfdAJRq_NWuswrRa4QlTjxSR4M2Z4L_GcP7O5OV8KE7C324z3fMX_j2PVg" style="clear: right; margin-bottom: 1em; margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><img alt="" data-original-height="355" data-original-width="474" height="240" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/a/AVvXsEhBBe1p-1gIWuOMK6fRChbk104iU-BOPFeh9tI005VooWrKv-Si1n_hyoyao47GSNG4yAo1ZSthnNuhn3sQVeBHGBxcYXagO9j4SbW9WaEyzfvtxtrijG7XwQUyO_Wuy7sfdAJRq_NWuswrRa4QlTjxSR4M2Z4L_GcP7O5OV8KE7C324z3fMX_j2PVg=w320-h240" width="320" /></a></td></tr><tr><td class="tr-caption" style="text-align: center;">CEO of YouTube Susan Wojcicki</td></tr></tbody></table><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman",serif; font-size: 12pt; letter-spacing: 0.2pt;">Stakeholders are individuals that are involved in the operations of a
business. The Stakeholder Theory is the theory that holds business managers
responsible for balancing the interest of stakeholders in relation to the
business. The stakeholders involved in YouTube are content creators, viewers,
users, subscribers, advertisers, and employees of the company. These groups share
common interest in the services YouTube offers, hence their involvement with
the company. Susan Wojcicki is the Chief Executive Officer of YouTube, and
according to Business Insider she oversees nearly 5,700 employees. In the year
2020, during the presidential election, it was forecasted that there were 2,132,010,000
users YouTube users worldwide. It was then forecasted that there would be 2,436,910,000
users in the year 2022 (Statista). In relation to the misinformation
controversy with YouTube and the 2020 Presidential election, many stakeholders
were controlled heavily by YouTube executives. On December 9, 2020, YouTube
released a statement stating that they banned nearly 8,000 channels (YouTube). Many
users and content creators were upset with the choices made my YouTube and felt
their rights were violated. According to the Stakeholder Theory, YouTube needs
to find a balance between the interests of their stakeholders and what is best
for their business. Ideally, YouTube pleases all their users with no issues,
and it does not impact the organization in a negative way. Once users begin
promoting false information, it forces YouTube to step in to protect the
integrity of their business. YouTube received backlash from non-stakeholders
because of their lack of action regarding the misinformation scandals. Once the
company did step in, they upset those associated with their business.</span><p></p><p></p>
<h2 style="line-height: normal;"><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman",serif; font-size: 12pt;">Individualism<o:p></o:p></span></h2>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; text-indent: 0.5in;"><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman",serif; font-size: 12pt; letter-spacing: 0.2pt;">Individualism in business ethics is making a decision based on personal benefit.
Milton Friedman’s individualism theory states that the only goal of a business
is to profit. Business individuals only need to focus on maximizing their
profit for business owners or stockholders (Salazar). Tibor Machan believes
that individualism also believes that the direct goal is to maximize profits, but
only by first completing indirect goals that are not related to profits
(Salazar). This theory suggests that if everyone makes decisions that are the
best for themselves, it will benefit the group. Those following an individualistic
model feel that personal benefit is the most important factor when making a
decision. This theory is arguable incredibly selfish and harmful in a group
atmosphere. In the instance of YouTube, they originally chose to not release a
statement addressing the misinformation across the platform. Perhaps they were
looking to protect their brand, or they did not want to anger their users. I do
not think YouTube was concerned about their profits but more about their image
to the public. Removing and censoring videos ultimately hurt the company as
they lost customers. YouTube was looking to defend their organization because
of the pressure they were experiencing. An individualist would agree with
YouTube’s decision to remove these videos. It seems that YouTube was looking to
benefit their company in the only way they could in this situation. <o:p></o:p></span></p>
<h2 style="line-height: normal;"><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman",serif; font-size: 12pt;">Utilitarianism<o:p></o:p></span></h2>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal;"><b><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman",serif; font-size: 12pt; letter-spacing: 0.2pt;"><span style="mso-tab-count: 1;"> </span></span></b><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman",serif; font-size: 12pt; letter-spacing: 0.2pt;">Utilitarianism
is a theory that focuses on actions that promote happiness and oppose actions
that may not encourage happiness or cause harm. Utilitarianism seeks to please
and satisfy every individual involved. The goal of Utilitarianism is to
maximize happiness and pleasure in yourself and others. Within this theory
there is the belief that if something is promoting positive behavior but is misleading
information, then it is acceptable. However, if the information is incorrect
and is misleading, it is not acceptable. A utilitarian would view YouTube’s approach
to this situation as the most ethical decision. They were making attempts to
limit harmful information from being presented to their viewers. As stated
earlier, utilitarianism demotes actions that may cause harm or not encourage
happiness. YouTube has an obligation to protect their users from harmful
content which is what prompted them to create new guidelines. There were no
true consequences or harmful results that came from the decisions that YouTube
made. Utilitarians, “avoid short-sighted thinking that often boost profits
momentarily but leads to a quick demise” (Salazar). This applies to YouTube because
it did not boost their profits or lead to a demise. At first there was backlash
from the public, but it quickly blew over. Now, there is only a small group
that still holds a grudge against YouTube for this issue. YouTube was not looking
to profit over these decisions, they were only looking to protect their page as
well as their other users from viewing misinformation.<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<h2 style="line-height: normal;"><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman",serif; font-size: 12pt;">Kantianism<o:p></o:p></span></h2>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal;"><b><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman",serif; font-size: 12pt; letter-spacing: 0.2pt;"><span style="mso-tab-count: 1;"> </span></span></b><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman",serif; font-size: 12pt; letter-spacing: 0.2pt;">Kantianism is
believing that people should act rationally and do the right thing, because it
is the right thing to do. It is the belief that people should act rationally as
well as help others make rational decisions. Immanuel Kant proposed this system
and felt that people’s wills should be based on moral rules. Referring to
Kantianism, “It claims that we all have duties toward one another that depend
on our relationships with one another, the most basic and all-pervasive
relationship between persons being that of a fellow member of humanity”
(Salazar). We must all act in a way that benefits ourselves while following
similar values. <span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>Kantian examines the
morals of the people behind the action, in contrast to Utilitarianism which focuses
on consequences. Immanuel Kant said, “Act so that you treat humanity, whether
in your own person or that of another, always as an end and never as a means
only.” This statement by Kant is referred to as the formula of humanity and
motivation and is the basis of Kantianism. YouTube felt that they had the
obligation to create some regulations on their site. Prior to implanting these
regulations, YouTube had trust in their users to post content with correct
information and not mislead viewers. They did not treat anyone in a way that a
Kantian would consider unethical. YouTube released their guidelines and acted
as they promised if they were violated. <o:p></o:p></span></p>
<h2 style="line-height: normal;"><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman",serif; font-size: 12pt;">Virtue
Theory<o:p></o:p></span></h2>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; text-indent: 0.5in;"><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman",serif; font-size: 12pt; letter-spacing: 0.2pt;">Virtues are the characteristics that allow things to function properly
are called ‘good-making features’ or “virtues’ (Salazar). The virtue theory focuses
on the idea that we should not necessarily follow rules but follow what we feel
will better an organization. This means focusing on how we want to represent
our company through the employees we hire and what kind of behaviors we expect.
The Virtue Theory focuses on four characteristics. These characteristics are
courage, honesty, temperance, and justice. YouTube initially lacked in the
courage category when they refused to step up and make a statement regarding
the misinformation. Based on the Virtue Theory, the characteristic of courage
requires one to stand up for what is right and be confident enough to take a
stand. YouTube did not present this characteristic immediately. As far as the
honesty characteristic, YouTube aligned with this. The honesty characteristic
is about being truthful and transparent when completing business related tasks.
The company was upfront with the public about what their action plan was as
soon as they had announced it. The temperance virtue is all about setting
reasonable expectations for an organization. YouTube had the responsibility to do
what was best for their company, as well as their customers. They had
expectations of locating every video containing misinformation when that is
impossible to achieve. The final virtue is justice which deals with fair
practicing within an organization. YouTube had the responsibility to remove
videos in a fair and reasonable way. They did not go about this situation in a
fair way as it is evident that they typically removed videos coming from right-sided
users. There is also evidence of YouTube removing some videos they did not want
up but leaving some of similar nature. YouTube should have removed and
restricted all videos to remain fair and ethical. By leaving some up and not
full restricting some accounts, there is a level of bias involved which
discredits YouTube’s authority in this situation. Based on the examination of
ethics through the Virtue Theory, YouTube was ethical in their decision. They
did not follow every virtue; however, they nailed two out of four. <o:p></o:p></span></p>
<h2 style="line-height: normal;"><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman",serif; font-size: 12pt;">Justified
Ethics Theory Evaluation<o:p></o:p></span></h2>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal;"><b><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman",serif; font-size: 12pt; letter-spacing: 0.2pt;"><span style="mso-tab-count: 1;"> </span></span></b><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman",serif; font-size: 12pt; letter-spacing: 0.2pt;">In my opinion, YouTube’s
actions were ethical. The decision they made aligns with the four ethical
theories mentioned above. There are however parts of this controversy that are not
ethical. YouTube at one point seemed to be picking and choosing which videos
they wanted to remove. YouTube should have treated all accounts and users the
same way but that was not the case. There were many similar videos that were
left on the site and not censored. Specifically, republicans felt that they
were being targeted in the removal of videos. There is not outstanding evidence
that would indicate this is true. They also argued that this is a violation of
their First Amendment Rights. YouTube was successful in following honesty and temperance.
The company was honest about their feelings towards the situation and about
what would trigger them to remove a video. YouTube was also temperament as they
were doing wheat was best for the organization. They set clear expectations and
made those visible to the public. YouTube released proper statements and information
regarding what their expectations were. They warned their users about what would
prompt their videos to be removed. I feel that this justifies YouTube’s decisions
and proves them to be ethical. Their decisions were not flawless; however, they
were doing what they felt was the best for everyone involved. <o:p></o:p></span></p>
<h2 style="line-height: normal;"><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman",serif; font-size: 12pt;">Conclusion<o:p></o:p></span></h2>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal;"><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman", serif; font-size: 12pt;"> </span><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, serif;"><span style="font-size: 12pt;">Many
social media platforms are facing similar issues regarding what they can and
cannot control as far as content. Users want the ability to post and view
whatever they want. Platforms want to be able to control and monitor what is
posted on their sites. Either way, one group does not get what they want. I
feel that YouTube has the ultimate power in this situation as it is their decision
on how they regulate posts. This opened the eyes of many users who were furious
about the idea of being restricted. This is not the last time that YouTube will
face this challenge. The hope is that they have </span>learned<span style="font-size: 12pt;"> how the handle this
situation better and the regulations they have already, will help prevent any
major damage down the line. <o:p></o:p></span></span></p><p class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal;"></p><h2 style="line-height: 200%;"><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman",serif; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 200%;">References<o:p></o:p></span></h2>
<p style="margin-left: 28.35pt; text-indent: -28.35pt;"><span style="font-size: xx-small;">Grant, N. (2022) <i>YouTube
may have misinformation blind spots, researchers say</i>, <i>The New York Times</i>.
The New York Times. Available at:
https://www.nytimes.com/2022/11/05/technology/youtube-misinformation.html <span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span><o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p style="line-height: 200%; margin-left: 28.35pt; text-indent: -28.35pt;"><span style="font-size: xx-small;">Hugh
Langley, R. P. (n.d.). <i>YouTube org chart: We identified the 49 most powerful
people helping CEO Susan Wojcicki steer the $1 Trillion video goliath</i>.
Business Insider. Retrieved December 2, 2022, from
https://www.businessinsider.com/youtube-org-chart-top-executives-2021-10 <span class="MsoHyperlink"><span color="windowtext" style="mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-theme-font: major-fareast; text-decoration: none; text-underline: none;"><o:p></o:p></span></span></span></p>
<p style="line-height: 200%; margin-left: 28.35pt; text-indent: -28.35pt;"><span style="font-size: xx-small;">Patterson,
D. (2020) <i>What is "Section 230," and why do many lawmakers want to
repeal it?</i>, <i>CBS News</i>. CBS Interactive. Available at: https://www.cbsnews.com/news/what-is-section-230-and-why-do-so-many-lawmakers-want-to-repeal-it/
(Accessed: December 2, 2022). <o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p style="line-height: 200%; margin-left: 28.35pt; text-indent: -28.35pt;"><span style="font-size: xx-small;">Team,
T.Y.T. (2020) <i>Supporting the 2020 U.S. election</i>, <i>blog.youtube</i>.
YouTube Official Blog. Available at:
https://blog.youtube/news-and-events/supporting-the-2020-us-election/<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p style="line-height: 200%; margin-left: 28.35pt; text-indent: -28.35pt;"><span style="font-size: xx-small;"><i>Trump
and Section 230: What to know</i> (no date) <i>Council on Foreign Relations</i>.
Council on Foreign Relations. Available at:
https://www.cfr.org/in-brief/trump-and-section-230-what-know<span class="MsoHyperlink"><span color="windowtext" style="mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-theme-font: major-fareast; text-decoration: none; text-underline: none;"><o:p></o:p></span></span></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 200%;"><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman",serif; font-size: xx-small; line-height: 200%;">Salazar, Heather. The
Business Ethics Case Manual. n.d.<span class="MsoHyperlink"><span color="windowtext" style="text-decoration: none; text-underline: none;"><o:p></o:p></span></span></span></p>
<p style="line-height: 200%; margin-left: 28.35pt; text-indent: -28.35pt;"><span style="font-size: xx-small;">Sandler,
R. (2021) <i>YouTube is taking down raw footage from the Capitol Riot as it
tries to crack down on misinformation</i>, <i>Forbes</i>. Forbes Magazine.
Available at: https://www.forbes.com/sites/rachelsandler/2021/02/04/youtube-is-taking-down-raw-footage-from-the-capitol-riot-as-it-tries-to-crack-down-on-misinformation/?sh=b4f9c434c102<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 200%;"><span style="font-size: xx-small;"><i><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman",serif; line-height: 200%;">YouTube's censorship of
the 2020 election criticism is an argument for abolishing Section 230</span></i><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman",serif; line-height: 200%;">
(no date) <i>RT International</i>. Available at:
https://www.rt.com/op-ed/509237-youtube-censorship-2020-election/<o:p></o:p></span></span></p>
<p style="line-height: 200%; margin-left: 28.35pt; text-indent: -28.35pt;"><span style="font-size: xx-small;"><i>YouTube
statistics 2022: How many users does YouTube have?</i> (2022) <i>IncrediTools</i>.
Available at: https://increditools.com/youtube-statistics/ (Accessed: December
2, 2022). </span><o:p></o:p></p><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, serif;"><span style="font-size: 12pt;"></span></span><p></p>Taylor Keeganhttp://www.blogger.com/profile/08843283175119051728noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-3346515991378239658.post-28198282757268513942022-12-02T07:31:00.055-08:002022-12-06T18:57:46.834-08:00Theranos: Elizabeth Holmes Fraud Downfall (2015- 2022)<p class="MsoNormal" style="font-family: Calibri, sans-serif; margin: 0in; text-align: center;">Theranos: Elizabeth Holmes Fraud Downfall (2015-2022)</p><p class="MsoNormal" style="font-family: Calibri, sans-serif; margin: 0in;"><b><br /></b></p><p class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 200%;"></p><p class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 200%;"><b>ABSTRACT</b></p><p class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 200%;"><table cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="tr-caption-container" style="float: right;"><tbody><tr><td style="text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEiBgyEOuCjrnGmQ-JlkUPFRMonsk44AFPoBgkY2Wm6zhyxzQd2saAaNq9u_E_n4Wk3Czzkb7cyZ7vttq_tcD7dKRlOuMikFhmqo3_LQBs1Ldiwdv9XPH5OC2ej7Ak8HHGm5By_gQn0T49kgIwAfC1EKAJLNxU9rvJICjUz6j-BnTZaiDAyJxaJryYKs/s259/elizabeth%20holmes%20blood%20pill.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="clear: right; margin-bottom: 1em; margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><img border="0" data-original-height="194" data-original-width="259" height="194" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEiBgyEOuCjrnGmQ-JlkUPFRMonsk44AFPoBgkY2Wm6zhyxzQd2saAaNq9u_E_n4Wk3Czzkb7cyZ7vttq_tcD7dKRlOuMikFhmqo3_LQBs1Ldiwdv9XPH5OC2ej7Ak8HHGm5By_gQn0T49kgIwAfC1EKAJLNxU9rvJICjUz6j-BnTZaiDAyJxaJryYKs/s1600/elizabeth%20holmes%20blood%20pill.jpg" width="259" /></a></td></tr><tr><td class="tr-caption" style="text-align: center;"><span style="font-size: x-small;">Elizabeth Holmes</span></td></tr></tbody></table><span> </span><span> </span><span> </span>There
are many health technology companies that have been very successful in the work
they do but Theranos is not one of those companies. The young start-up company
was on track for big things but soon faced issues on many accounts of fraud and
lying. In March of 2004 this was the start of Theranos, Elizabeth Holmes
dropped out of Stanford to pursue her dreams of creating this startup company.
Her goal of the company was to be able to diagnose diseases and medical
conditions from a single drop of blood. After becoming one of the biggest and
richest companies it was soon shut down for unethical and fraud reasons to
their investors. In this case she completed many unethical actions that she didn’t
follow any of the ethical theories. An individualist would say that she did not
maximize profit within the law. A utilitarian would also say that she never
maximized happiness of others she only maximized her own for a short moment
before she was caught. In Kantianism she did not follow the formula for
humanity, Holmes did not follow the rational way of life. Personally, I would
also agree that she did not follow these ethical theories.</p><p class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 200%;"><o:p></o:p></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 200%;"><b>ETHICS CASE CONTROVERSY</b><o:p></o:p></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 200%;"><span style="mso-tab-count: 1;"> </span>The
case of Elizabeth Holmes did not start until 2018 but there were many years
that the case was unfolding until the first court appearance. This whole case
starts with Holmes dropping out of Stanford at 19 and she went to start her
dreams of creating Theranos start-up. She also had a partner named Ramesh
Balwani also known as Sunny. He joined her as the president of the start-up at
the age of 20. There were many companies that invested in Theranos as you will
read in the next paragraph about all the stakeholders that invested until the
downfall of Theranos. The case controversy started when Wall Street Journal did
an investigation on Holmes and said that she wasn’t doing what she promised and
that she was lying about the single drop of blood method that she has promised
she was doing. This was the start of when big name companies like Walgreens
started to pull out. Many other <table cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="tr-caption-container" style="float: left;"><tbody><tr><td style="text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEjaIhQdbL-yZjQZN7PaK_ocRBg-uXEV3jiN58Wji88aB9FhhQLyGBVRaLwxuoojVjo0vsDFcXesz3VOsfMQnBT5DzkhA3NJflptz9q42RCruqOaK2W7GOvz4Ad4HLMX_EGlHBI7cf-7uOxdUI3IElM1Sm2fpcKbf1kn4flsPhuM9KG6ToG-LFahxgnt/s235/blood%20machine.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="clear: left; margin-bottom: 1em; margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><img border="0" data-original-height="214" data-original-width="235" height="214" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEjaIhQdbL-yZjQZN7PaK_ocRBg-uXEV3jiN58Wji88aB9FhhQLyGBVRaLwxuoojVjo0vsDFcXesz3VOsfMQnBT5DzkhA3NJflptz9q42RCruqOaK2W7GOvz4Ad4HLMX_EGlHBI7cf-7uOxdUI3IElM1Sm2fpcKbf1kn4flsPhuM9KG6ToG-LFahxgnt/s1600/blood%20machine.jpg" width="235" /></a></td></tr><tr><td class="tr-caption" style="text-align: center;"><span style="font-size: x-small;">Machine that was used to Test the Blood</span></td></tr></tbody></table><br />small companies at the time also decided to
pull out because of the claims that were being made against their labs. In 2016
Balwani steps away from Theranos and the company ends up voiding two years of
blood test results that no one can see the results of. In June/July of 2016 she
was worth $0 and lost her lab deals with Walgreens that were the ones making
her the most money, she also got banned from running labs for two years because
of the rumors. Many companies started to sue Theranos like Walgreens they
wanted their $140 million that they originally invested into the company.
Elizabeth decided to settle for the companies that wanted to sue her. March
2018 came the massive charge of fraud against her which involves more than $700
million from the investors. The fraud involved “elaborate, years-long fraud in
which they exaggerated or made false statements about the company’s technology,
business, and financial performances” (Doubek). When 2018 rolled around Balwani
and Holmes were both indicted on criminal fraud charges, and both pleaded not
guilty. Holmes then stepped down as the CEO of the company and in September of
2018 it then dissolves and Theranos is no longer a company. In March of 2021
Holmes was pregnant and she delayed her case until August 2021 when the trial
begin. In January 2021 she was found guilty of four out of 11 of the charges
and was going to face 20 years and a fine of $250,000 for each count of fraud.
All of these charges were related to 1 account of defraud on investors and 3
wire fraud counts on investors (O’Brien).<o:p></o:p></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 200%;"><span style="mso-tab-count: 1;"> </span>In
July of 2022 there was talks from Elizabeth and she asked for an overturn
conviction due to new evidence and lack of evidence in the last trail. Then in
August 2022 she was seen pregnant again just as she wanted to start a new trail
again. I don’t think that this was a coincidence rather than a plan attempt to
keep pushing dates and final decisions back. In October of 2022 she went to the
court hearing to ask for a new trail, she did this because a key witness
visited her house a month before they raised fairness of the trail. Her former
lab director went to her house and spoke with her husband Billy Evans about the
case and how she should be granted a new trial because “the government made
things worse than they really are” (Allyn) according to Holmes attorney claim
Rosendorff. There was claims<table cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="tr-caption-container" style="float: right;"><tbody><tr><td style="text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEhfZb45ybw2Nia_sshyk4yns4W57jffWW96kDDeLST4MdfH1YpfghjEz6mJ7Hj_VFQP7Z38b7QzAbS6yNp8fTVSPF4ifo3itkQdb202k3zjsewI2C0dK0zwjSaMqh1ANcKHrWT-oJEX5jzuw-Yq5eiXHiYtt5zmEXGiQOSzQj-BuMYnRiPZCOclsCes/s273/elizabeth%20in%20cuffs.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="clear: right; margin-bottom: 1em; margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><img border="0" data-original-height="184" data-original-width="273" height="184" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEhfZb45ybw2Nia_sshyk4yns4W57jffWW96kDDeLST4MdfH1YpfghjEz6mJ7Hj_VFQP7Z38b7QzAbS6yNp8fTVSPF4ifo3itkQdb202k3zjsewI2C0dK0zwjSaMqh1ANcKHrWT-oJEX5jzuw-Yq5eiXHiYtt5zmEXGiQOSzQj-BuMYnRiPZCOclsCes/s1600/elizabeth%20in%20cuffs.jpg" width="273" /></a></td></tr><tr><td class="tr-caption" style="text-align: center;"><span style="font-size: x-small;">Elizabeth Leaving Court with Husband after Verdict</span></td></tr></tbody></table><br /> of new evidence and they were granted a limited
hearing from the Judge to allow him to explain himself. His claim on the
witness stand was that Holmes is a mother of 1 and there may be a second on the
way and she can’t be alone from her children that long and that they need a
mother. On November 18<sup>th</sup> Holmes was allowed to be seen in court
again they decided that she will be sentences to 135 month in prison or 11.25
years and then followed by 3 supervised years after prison. This was almost 9
years less than the other decision because of what Rosendorff said to the
judge. She will now be sentenced to go to prison in April of 2023. But you
never know if a pregnancy could affect this or push this back more. <o:p></o:p></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 200%;"><b>STAKEHOLDERS<o:p></o:p></b></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 200%;"><span style="mso-tab-count: 1;"> </span>Theranos
was dependent on their stakeholders and the relationships with their
stakeholders that did not last very long. The stakeholders trusted Elizabeth
and the visions that she had to Theranos, but they were greatly misled. In the
end of 2013, she got her first sponsorship with Walgreens, and they planned to
make Theranos testing nationwide at the time. Theranos had many investors, but
they soon began to pull out in the end of 2015. An example is Safeway who
invested $350 million in the company to make blood tests available and have
labs around the nation. The family of Betsy Devos was an investor in the
company and gave their money because they believed in what Elizabeth was saying
and they thought that this would be innovative for the health care industry.
Lisa Peterson was also a stakeholder in the company, she was the co-founder of
Amway, she invested $100 million in 2014. The families were all given fake
revenue projections like $990 million in revenue in 2015. The DeVos family was
one of the biggest investors and the family invested their money based on the
information that Holmes provided to them. A family called the Walton’s, created
Walmart, they “invested $150 million into the company” (Keown) also. There are
many investors that made this start-up work like Riley Bechtel, chairman of
constriction business Bechtel Group, and Cox Enterprises. This was all part of
her plan to get lots of stakeholders to invest and be private donors so that
she could safely run her company. She also was smart and would surround herself
with my political figures that were into helping the pilot program for blood
testing technologies. <o:p></o:p></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 200%;"><b>INDIVIDUALISM<o:p></o:p></b></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 200%;"><span style="mso-tab-count: 1;"> </span>According
to Freidman’s Individualism as a business you want your main goal and maybe
your only goal to maximize the profit of your company by following the law (Salazar)
for the owner, so in this case Elizabeth Holmes, or the stakeholders which are
listed above. It is also phrased as that anyone who works for an organization
is responsible for themselves and what they do, they should focus on themselves
and help change their behavior to help the company benefit. An Individualist
would say Elizabeth Holmes did not profit within the law, and she did quite the
opposite. According to an Article <i>Verdict in fraud case of Theranos founder
Elizabeth Holmes offers lessons for investors </i>she supposedly raised $945
million from investors based on her false blood-testing claims. She made sure
that Theranos had the money that it needed even though it was true that the
company ever even had a prototype that worked. Elizabeth Holmes was only
worried about herself and the company that she created. For example, when
Theranos started she was one of the richest women in America with $4.5 billion
and looking back at it know she probably only cared about the money that she
now owned rather than the company. She also was individual because she only
looked out for herself when the company started to downfall. They layed off 155
employees in 2017 and she obviously did not care about the workers and doing
the right thing because she would just continue to lie and settle when a
lawsuit came along. In 2018 she stepped down as CEO when the company lost all
profits, and she knew that the company would not come back from this. Once the
investors and the profits went, she also knew that it would be best to leave
and to try and stay aways from all the laws she broke but it caught up with her
in the long run. <o:p></o:p></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 200%;"><b>UTILITARIANISM<o:p></o:p></b></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 200%;"><span style="mso-tab-count: 1;"> </span>Utilitarianism
is seen as “happiness or pleasure are the only things of intrinsic value” (Salazar)
It is seen as happiness of yours and others matters even when some things don’t
bring happiness you should still do those things. A utilitarian would view this
as an unethical case because of how Holmes went about her company, and she
didn’t care for anyone else including the customers/patients, workers, and
stakeholders. According to the book utilitarian’s are also concerned about the
well-being of the community, Elizabeth Holmes was only concerned about her own
happiness with money, and she seemed as if she could care less about the
stakeholders. She gave them and the media false hope for what she was creating.
When she lied to the stakeholders, she broke a rule of utilitarianism, and this
resulted in them withdrawing from the company and also wanting to sue Theranos
in the later years. <span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>The stakeholders of
this company wanted to maximize happiness with everyone and make sure that Theranos
had money to produce the results that they needed. The number of total stakeholders
are not given but they were harmed badly and lost trust in medicine. Based on an
estimated number Theranos and Elizabeth Holmes sold 1.5 million blood tests
from 2013-2016 and 7.8 million tests results for over 175,000 buyers. Holmes
hurt many people in this situation and that included “more than 10% of all
Theranos test results for 176,000 Arizona consumers were later voided or
corrected” (Goodkind). From a utilitarian’s view Elizabeth is not able to see
clearly right from wrong and how her decisions effect millions of people.
People needed real diagnosis but were left in disbelief and distrust against
Elizabeth.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span><span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>The employees needed to also feel like they
were creating happiness but when they have to lie about what they did in the
labs it is very unethical. When the company was making false readings, this is
a liability to the patients when they need this important information. <o:p></o:p></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 200%;"><b>KANTIANISM</b><o:p></o:p></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 200%;"><span style="mso-tab-count: 1;"> </span>Kantianism
which was created by Immanuel Kant was not to act irrationally and to consider rationales
beings and have dignity and be respected. To respect people and be consistent
in your actions that other people would also follow your actions. A Kantianism
person would not be on the side of Elizabeth Holmes because mostly some if not
all her decisions were made irrationally, and no one should follow her as an
example. Under Kantianism the Formula for Humanity states “so act that you
treat humanity, whether in your own person or in the person of any other,
always at the same time as an end, never merely as a means” (Plato. Stanford). Holmes
in the beginning showed people that she was making a difference in the science
world but in reality, she was not making a difference at all. She was very
respected in the beginning when people saw that she dropped out of Stanford to
pursue her dream and became very rich but according to Kantianism she acted
irrationally, and her dignity was gone in the end when she lost it all. Holmes
was lying a lot and this false information led to her case being unethical and
against mostly all the theory’s. One thing that was present was the motivation
that Holmes had to keep Theranos afloat, she was motivated to make Theranos a
reality when she first started in 2003 but that motivation became overpowered
by the view of money and the fear of failing. When Elizabeth got caught by the
stakeholders she lost respect from everyone and the motivation to save Theranos
also disappeared. <o:p></o:p></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 200%;"><b>VIRTUE THEORY<o:p></o:p></b></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 200%; text-indent: .5in;">Going back a long
time was when Aristotle created the Virtue Theory, virtues “are things that
enable for something to function well or be good” (Salazar) The Virtue theory consists
of four virtues of character and these are courage, temperance/self-control,
honesty, and justice/fairness. To add, there is intellectual virtue and prudence
is associated with that, it is liability to make good decisions for your future
self. These theories were created for people to differentiate between the good
and the bad. When people realized what they were doing was good and their
purpose they would then achieve what they needed to, it would result in virtue.
The courageous part of this case was the whistleblower in this case Tyler
Shultz, he was “not only the Theranos Whistleblower, but he was the first to
report troubling<table cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="tr-caption-container" style="float: right;"><tbody><tr><td style="text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEgneXkK_sdHsLMyhPullP2HxUuGAWt2flhghf3Bkti-rwQ1gpPeNsOZArWDjXJMGiO78skq82VoECA8Ehpth96UjslgcZGl9mQB8q4EuLL7PHmQENAlO6ND0rz5xoJPzJvUndaoipo7Qe_3tsb_E4Ob-e_u3aPvSCf0ceFco5P-3DHaPgVPS6c9fRCu/s256/tyler%20shultz.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="clear: right; margin-bottom: 1em; margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><img border="0" data-original-height="197" data-original-width="256" height="197" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEgneXkK_sdHsLMyhPullP2HxUuGAWt2flhghf3Bkti-rwQ1gpPeNsOZArWDjXJMGiO78skq82VoECA8Ehpth96UjslgcZGl9mQB8q4EuLL7PHmQENAlO6ND0rz5xoJPzJvUndaoipo7Qe_3tsb_E4Ob-e_u3aPvSCf0ceFco5P-3DHaPgVPS6c9fRCu/s1600/tyler%20shultz.jpg" width="256" /></a></td></tr><tr><td class="tr-caption" style="text-align: center;"><span style="font-size: x-small;">Tyler Shultz Whistleblower</span></td></tr></tbody></table><br /> findings at the company to regulators” (npr.org). He was being
a bold person in doing this because he knew what she was doing was wrong and
that the world needed to know about all the money that they were wasting on
Theranos. When thinking about the virtue characters honesty is the first one
that comes to mind because that is the thing that Elizabeth was not. She was
never honest to her patients, stakeholders, workers, and everyone in the world.
Elizabeth said “At a relatively young age, I began to believe that building a
business was perhaps the greatest opportunity for making an impact, because it’s
a tool for making a change in the world” (Brainyquote.com) When reading this it
made people think that she was doing the right thing but she did the opposite
and was dishonest. Elizabeth Holmes is not a courageous person because she lied
and never could get herself to come clean about her work. If she had courage
she would stick up for Theranos and find a way for it to survive. She had no
temperance when it came to money that she and her company were gaining her
self- restraint was zero in this company. In the self- control side, she should
have been able to control everything if it went out of hand but she was not
able to. She relates to fairness/ Justice because she may have felt that the original
court ruling was not fair so she asked for a retrial. The judges thought
otherwise that the case was fair and the information provided was liable. She was
brought to justice and punished for her crimes, she will face the 11 ½ years in
prison. Lastly, she did not contain the characteristic of prudence, she set her
future self-up for failure by her unethical ways described above. <o:p></o:p></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 200%;"><b>JUSTIFICATIED ETHICS EVALUATION<o:p></o:p></b></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 200%;"><span style="mso-tab-count: 1;"> </span>After
reviewing this case and the new decision that was just made for Elizabeth
Holmes, I agree with the judge in the decisions that they made. The opportunity
that she wanted for a retrial was unnecessary which I agree with them that
nothing would have changed her case because all of her evidence was so public,
and she could not have taken back what she did. In this case mostly everything
that she did with Theranos was non permissible. She was lying constantly to
keep the investors and try to make her dreams come true. Theranos actions were
very unethical, and I can’t see how she would have gotten away with this no
matter how hard she tried. They stole millions of dollars and poured the money
into a failed project that scientifically could have never worked. It is pretty
impossible to test for millions of diseases with just one drop of blood, there
are not enough molecules in one drop of blood for this to work. She deserves
the time that she was sentenced because of her unethical actions and the effect
that it had on people in negative ways. <o:p></o:p></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 200%;"><b>CONCLUSION<o:p></o:p></b></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 200%;"><span style="mso-tab-count: 1;"> </span>In
conclusion, Elizabeth Holmes got what she deserved in her second round of being
Infront of the judge after asking for the retrial. Her and Sunny both got in
equal trouble for what they did. Elizabeth’s current pregnancy will be in
question as she gets closer to her prison date, and we will see if it get
pushed away even longer. She continued to play many games with the law
throughout her time with Theranos and even throughout her court trials. Elizabeth
lived a very unethical life from a young age, and I will not understand how she
could live with herself lying everyday about the work that she did. She was
supposed to be the future for healthcare technology but instead she lied to
just get money and become more famous. In the case her husband Billy Evans and
her parents are still very supportive of her and are on her side. This is
shocking after all she has done.<o:p></o:p></p><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEgsSb3ruOIzT73qoBQLaolOjaHzq2SMNmrLnwCfeKmGVWas0JR00KTdSx7TpFSAn3B-_i9CIXukcg6WD3uCAn7ygYjJAyxM2geVM3VHwD-Tl85pcjbG-ewTl7sV7-nmUlQS6ieCw5Pm3SAKnstWATuCoCa2qQJVxWrjUuRmzuJ1hXHuEaZjBneUTPWr/s1800/timeline.png" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img border="0" data-original-height="1800" data-original-width="712" height="946" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEgsSb3ruOIzT73qoBQLaolOjaHzq2SMNmrLnwCfeKmGVWas0JR00KTdSx7TpFSAn3B-_i9CIXukcg6WD3uCAn7ygYjJAyxM2geVM3VHwD-Tl85pcjbG-ewTl7sV7-nmUlQS6ieCw5Pm3SAKnstWATuCoCa2qQJVxWrjUuRmzuJ1hXHuEaZjBneUTPWr/w376-h946/timeline.png" width="376" /></a></div><br /><p class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 200%;"><br /></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 200%;"><span style="mso-tab-count: 1;"> <br /> </span><o:p></o:p></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 200%; tab-stops: 87.5pt;"><b><o:p> </o:p></b></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 200%; tab-stops: 87.5pt;"><b><o:p> </o:p></b></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 200%; tab-stops: 87.5pt;"><b><o:p> </o:p></b></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 200%; tab-stops: 87.5pt;"><br /></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 200%; tab-stops: 87.5pt;"><b> <span style="font-size: x-small;"> REFERENCES
<span style="mso-tab-count: 1;"> </span><o:p></o:p></span></b></p>
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<p class="MsoNormal"><o:p> </o:p></p><br /><p></p>Faith Gravelinehttp://www.blogger.com/profile/02847489001491462104noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-3346515991378239658.post-86585000384057406652022-12-01T16:42:00.087-08:002022-12-08T20:59:46.424-08:00Meta Incorporated: 11,000 Employees Left Jobless After Layoffs (2022)<h3 style="text-align: left;">ETHICS CASE CONTROVERSY <table cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="tr-caption-container" style="float: right;"><tbody><tr><td style="text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEgixJ3TYFKROrWsuLguqrKxigILtMzFotTWD7lQyfxw5-D5X6hgC2wUAzuVqiRTv8jtz7eCpTyBFugn0u6hcOsLvLZwj6f5JrRjyHHmelS-ZcdAeARN0okfNW26wQjVMdICJgZJiJqtKety4J2VOP0rq9HPQzqV2lrJNLGG4lQePllyfatu32g5dylO/s1064/Screen%20Shot%202022-12-01%20at%203.18.08%20PM.png" imageanchor="1" style="clear: right; margin-bottom: 1em; margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><img border="0" data-original-height="1064" data-original-width="855" height="320" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEgixJ3TYFKROrWsuLguqrKxigILtMzFotTWD7lQyfxw5-D5X6hgC2wUAzuVqiRTv8jtz7eCpTyBFugn0u6hcOsLvLZwj6f5JrRjyHHmelS-ZcdAeARN0okfNW26wQjVMdICJgZJiJqtKety4J2VOP0rq9HPQzqV2lrJNLGG4lQePllyfatu32g5dylO/s320/Screen%20Shot%202022-12-01%20at%203.18.08%20PM.png" width="257" /></a></td></tr><tr><td class="tr-caption" style="text-align: center;">The four cofounders of Facebook</td></tr></tbody></table><br /></h3><div>On February 4th, 2004, “The Facebook” was launched by
four college students at Harvard University – Mark Zuckerberg, Eduardo Saverin,
Dustin Moskovitz, and Chris Hughes. Meta, formerly known as Facebook, would
become one of the largest social media platforms in the world, amassing three
billion user profiles in 2021, the most it has ever seen, half of which were
using the site every day to share photos, post status updates, and for the
promotion of businesses and political campaigns.</div><div><br /></div><div>Every large company has its
fair share of problems, and for Facebook, privacy issues were one of the major
ones that often-caused users to question the platform’s credibility. One large
scandal that put Facebook in the headlines for privacy concerns was the
Cambridge Analytica Scandal in 2016. Facebook had exposed the data of close to
87 million Facebook users to Cambridge Analytica, a political consulting firm
which worked for the Trump Campaign. A Russian-American researcher who worked
for CA at the time, engineered an app using the Facebook App that allowed users
to take a quiz that would expose their data to CA but also the data of their
friends when CA discovered a loophole in Facebook’s programming interface. This,
in addition to many other privacy incidents have caused many users to delete
their accounts and stop using the platform parent platform Facebook, and
Instagram, another social media platform that was acquired by Facebook in 2012
for $1 billion. </div><div><br /></div><div>From the start of the company, no one could have predicted the
magnitude in which Facebook would grow. Zuckerberg made company history in
October of 2021, when Facebook Incorporated changed its name to Meta Platforms
Incorporated to reflect an emphasis on their newfound mission towards building
the “metaverse,” which would eventually allow users to interact in virtual
reality environments (Rodriguez, 2021). The company has made it clear that
augmented and virtual reality would become a key part of its growth strategy in
the upcoming years. With this being an extensive and costly project for the
company, we begin to see it encounter massive hurdles that make the public and
their shareholders question whether there is a company for this once high-flying
company. </div><div><br /></div><div>With the COVID-19 pandemic, every person was forced to move online, and
that meant increased time shopping online, thereby significantly boosting
e-commerce, and more time browsing social media for hours on end – Meta and
other platforms like it took full advantage of this. Over the course of the
pandemic, the company underwent a massive hiring spree. The rationale for this
was because the pandemic pushed everyone to accelerate online activity and the
company had predicted this trend to be permanent. Because of this, not only did
Facebook want to recruit and retain the brightest talent, but so did every other
large company who followed Facebook in doing so – namely Twitter and Amazon.
Facebook in particular needed to invest in numerous personnel to oversee
everyday operations with work-from-home jobs and moderation for their platform
(Frenkel, 2022). Over the course of two years, Meta continued to hire without
deeming it necessary to do so. Little did they all know, Meta had miscalculated
big time believing that this trend would be sustainable. </div><div><br /></div><div>This miscalculation
would cost Meta, and many others big time, In October of 2022, Meta’s stock
plummets after having a “dismal earnings report” (Yang, 2022) to end the third
quarter, yet again. This caused Meta’s capitalization to be wiped off more than
$65 billion by investors when it finally joined the economic slowdown. With
rising competition from short-video platforms such as TikTok, falling sales and
users, and rising costs, the company’s net income in the third quarter fell by
44% to $4.4 Billion, below analysts’ estimates for $5 billion with revenues also
falling by 4%, depicting the slowest growth pace since going public in 2012
(Murphy, 2022). This caused low faith from investors and shareholders, as they
all had a hard time seeing the vision for the Metaverse turning things around
for the company. </div><div><br /></div><div>In September of 2022, Meta Platforms had amassed its largest
ever number of workers, totaling 87,314 people – this is where they realize they
would need to make major changes amidst the rising economy before they are
unable to recover. On November 9th of 2022, Mark Zuckerberg announces layoffs
and job cuts for 11,000 individuals, making up 13% of their workforce – a number
that made history. Zuckerberg announces that the company is also taking steps to
become leaner and cut spending as well as enacting a hiring freeze through the
first quarter of 2023 (Vanian, 2022). Although these layoffs were made across
all departments and regions, most of them affected areas like recruiting and
business teams. Less engineers were affected as they are an essential part of
building up Zuckerberg’s vision of the “Metaverse.” </div><div><br /></div><h3 style="text-align: left;">STAKEHOLDERS <table cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="tr-caption-container" style="float: right;"><tbody><tr><td style="text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEiBX9KeK2-QofR5eXxUacbjlBM7YGVw2JdSjVbCX6F4gBU8XPbzj9g30gDENbklOoHgXwAZBzTFs14_jwkmJdRDlMXECVr0y213IYyzLSFjdmWMKTG7gcDKp5j1G8bCGzLROxvcdla0A7eE24abgTmJiwACzO2U4c-BDVX4OWFs0tiMsuYmEJXcsqC8/s1961/Mike_Schroepfer.jpeg" imageanchor="1" style="clear: right; margin-bottom: 1em; margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><img border="0" data-original-height="1961" data-original-width="1497" height="320" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEiBX9KeK2-QofR5eXxUacbjlBM7YGVw2JdSjVbCX6F4gBU8XPbzj9g30gDENbklOoHgXwAZBzTFs14_jwkmJdRDlMXECVr0y213IYyzLSFjdmWMKTG7gcDKp5j1G8bCGzLROxvcdla0A7eE24abgTmJiwACzO2U4c-BDVX4OWFs0tiMsuYmEJXcsqC8/s320/Mike_Schroepfer.jpeg" width="244" /></a></td></tr><tr><td class="tr-caption" style="text-align: center;">Mike Schroepfer, former CTO of <br />Meta and top shareholder<br /><br /></td></tr></tbody></table><br /></h3><div>The layoffs
came amid a tough time for Meta and with the projections for fourth quarter
earnings announced in late October of this year, investors were “spooked”, and
this caused their shares to sink by nearly 20%. Investors have raised concerns
about Meta’s rising costs and expenses, which jumped 19% year over year in the
third quarter to $22.1 billion (Vanian, 2022). Analysts and investors are both
losing confidence in the company because despite their decisions for cost cuts
and hiring freezes, expenses in 2023 are expected to reach an all-time high at
$96-$100 billion, a large sum compared to 2022’s total expected expenses,
totaling $85-$87 billion. During this period, Meta was facing intense investor
scrutiny for spending so heavily on the Metaverse project – Zuckerberg's vision
of building an “avatar filled world” (Murphy, 2022). Zuckerberg continues to
reassure them by warning that these promises of efficiency will take time and
patience. Wall Street Analyst, Brent Thill sides with investor concerns and
says: “There are too many experimental bets versus proven bets in the core.”
Needless to say, investors are worried about Meta platforms and rightfully so,
but according to Zuckerberg, these efforts will be “of historic importance” to
create a basis for an entirely new way for humans to interact with one another
and “blend technology into our lives” (Yang, 2022). </div><div><br /></div><h3 style="text-align: left;">INDIVIDUALISM </h3><div>Milton
Friedman, an economist and a Nobel prize winner for economics rose to prominence
in the 1970’s. His theory of Individualism states that a business’ only goal is
profit. Therefore, the only obligation that a business has is to maximize profit
for itself and its shareholders within the law. Generally, this theory holds
true with some exceptions, some of which are the social identity of the company
and of the leaders. There are many investors, customers, and employees who wish
to be involved with socially responsible businesses meaning ethically sound
businesses and those who profit within the law, seeing as social responsibility
can generate profit. Just because something is legal, does not make it ethical
and this is emphasized by Tibor Machan who believes that the direct goal of
profiting may need to be met by indirect goals that are not aimed at profiting.
Businesspeople may have other goals and social objectives but must prioritize
profit-maximizing strategies. </div><div><br /></div><div>Under the circumstances, Meta was reporting growth
rates at all-time lows since going public and declines in revenue and net
income. These declines are dismal to their shareholders and the company’s
growth, especially one of this magnitude. The aftermath of the layoffs was mixed
– some former employees were glad and wanted to explore the next chapter of
their lives, while others were devastated and immediately went searching for new
opportunities, seeing as the cost of living only continues to rise, especially
in highly populated areas in the country, where many have relocated for their
position at Meta. Mark Zuckerberg and Meta set certain goals for the company,
and to achieve those goals, this was the decision he had to make. There is no
denying how empathetic and apologetic he was during the announcement of the
layoffs, and he was saddened to let his talent go under these circumstances.
This is ultimately the decision he had to make to maximize his company’s profit
as expenses are only going to increase. This was in the best interest of his
company and stockholders. </div><div><br /></div><h3 style="text-align: left;">UTILITARIANISM</h3><div>What makes something good? When we
think about something that is good, we are typically searching for some
intrinsic value. Our attitudes and preferences influence our happiness and
usually, all actions are aimed at something good and will bring us happiness.
Utilitarianism, founded by John Stuart Mill emphasizes that we should bring
about happiness and pleasure in all beings that can feel it. When there is a
perfectly imperfect mix of egoism and altruism, we get utilitarianism, an
ethical concept that wants humans to maximize happiness for ourselves and for
others. Meta heavily contradicts this theory, as the company could have avoided
a lot of the adversity that is currently being endured by his former employees. </div><div><br /></div><div>Meta layoffs provided a good example of ends not justifying the means – it is
hard for utilitarianism to hold true in all cases, no matter how much we wish it
could. Under these circumstances, the Meta layoffs could have been avoided if
Zuckerberg wasn’t blinded by the social media boom amid the pandemic. The CEO
should have looked into the future and considered his employees’ futures during
his rapid hiring spree rather than making rash decisions dictated by greed. The
employees that were hired at this time and were laid off, would have been better
off finding a more permanent and stable career elsewhere. According to Mill,
this decision was highly unethical and selfish of the CEO and shareholders, who
should have found a middle ground with their employees, which would have been
making other cuts outside of employment and provided employees the option to
sever their relationship with the company peacefully rather than being forced to
unexpectedly without warning. </div><div><br /></div><h3 style="text-align: left;">KANTIANISM </h3><div>Immanuel Kant was a German Philosopher
and was one of the primary thinkers of the Enlightenment. The basic principles
Kantianism consists of rational decisions through consistent behavior, and
respect for individual autonomy, needs and differences. He pushes humans to
evaluate whether certain actions are coming from good will. In the business
context, this theory implies that businesses and businesspeople have an
obligation to treat everyone with respect, and this treatment is an obligation
regardless of one's goals or missions – meaning that the desire to make profit
or for any other outcome cannot be a reason to treat people without respect and
fairness. To help individuals reason with their decisions, Kant created the
Categorical Imperative. The Formula of Humanity is one of the most prominent
moral formulations within the categorical imperative which states that
exploiting and using others in order to fulfill a desire is unethical and may
involve manipulation tactics that deprive them of their rationality (Salazar
2014). </div><div><br /></div><div>In the case of the Meta layoffs, it was clear that there was a
discrepancy between what Zuckerberg did, and the Formula of Humanity. In this
case, we see that the intention behind the massive hiring spree that Meta
underwent during the pandemic was so they were able to acquire the biggest and
brightest talent – talent that they could use to get ahead of competitors. But
the layoffs make it evident that these employees were dispensable, and their
talents were utilized but once it became a burden to the company to pay them for
what they’re worth, it was quite easy for them to just cut ties with these
employees and because of this, there was a clear violation to the Formula of
Humanity. There is a motive behind every business decision, whether the motive
was to intentionally do damage or not, decisions that businesses like Meta make
such as these layoffs will impact every component associated with the company.
In the case of the Meta layoffs, the apology that was released by Zuckerberg to
his employees and the CEO’s general reputation showed that there was no real
intention to do any harm to the affected individuals here. Although, it would be
difficult to argue the moral permissibility of Meta’s actions considering the
former employees were not allowed to vouch for themselves so therefore, there
was no respect for these individuals’ autonomy and rationality. </div><div><br /></div><h3 style="text-align: left;">VIRTUE THEORY<table cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="tr-caption-container" style="float: right;"><tbody><tr><td style="text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEihZV4zDKgyrycxxXwRBdf2NY-WvYb_Pgs6IaX3X7ZuN6c-WTIJsgdVhBE6geBsbB_8MVT44QjeTZYdEZbMZ2qE--FEQOhVVRKaO5pEOBDLsl3OwtO0cxknXCANfKRvtp3j8d1ZAt-Bj0nggGSDMHo-cmmA5OCwY3AM9hKcKleK484nAX89ebFLRic2/s1920/1668038929238_nn_tco_meta_to_lay_off_11000_employees_221109_1920x1080-rksl57.jpeg" imageanchor="1" style="clear: right; margin-bottom: 1em; margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><img border="0" data-original-height="1080" data-original-width="1920" height="180" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEihZV4zDKgyrycxxXwRBdf2NY-WvYb_Pgs6IaX3X7ZuN6c-WTIJsgdVhBE6geBsbB_8MVT44QjeTZYdEZbMZ2qE--FEQOhVVRKaO5pEOBDLsl3OwtO0cxknXCANfKRvtp3j8d1ZAt-Bj0nggGSDMHo-cmmA5OCwY3AM9hKcKleK484nAX89ebFLRic2/s320/1668038929238_nn_tco_meta_to_lay_off_11000_employees_221109_1920x1080-rksl57.jpeg" width="320" /></a></td></tr><tr><td class="tr-caption" style="text-align: center;">Snippet of Mark Zuckerberg from leaked <br />video call where he apologized to those<br />affected by the layoffs.</td></tr></tbody></table><br /></h3><div>When we take the time to think about our personality, we should take the time to
ask ourselves if there are traits within our personality that positively
contribute to our growth and our social responsibility. In an ideal world, we
would all want to avoid viciousness or unfavorable traits. This virtue theory
differs from the previous three ethical theories but lay the foundation for a
business’ ethics and moral code. This theory is comprised of four main virtues:
courage, honesty, temperance, and justice. </div><div><br /></div><div>One of the virtues that Zuckerberg
demonstrates is honesty. Once he himself was able to come to terms with the fact
that his company numbers were declining. Though, there is a gray area where we
are unsure if Mark Zuckerberg only came clean about his company’s numbers
because he couldn’t run from it, or if he genuinely wanted to be transparent
with his team, shareholders, and users. Regardless, his display of transparency
gained him and Meta a sum of respect, but unfortunately didn’t mask the decline
in Meta’s numbers. </div><div><br /></div><div>Another virtue displayed by Zuckerberg is courage. He
apologizes in the letter announcing the layoffs: “I want to take accountability
for these decisions and for how we got here. I know this is tough for everyone,
and I’m especially sorry to those impacted.” By doing so, he demonstrated that
he had the ability to take accountability for his own actions without placing
blame on others. This is a trait of a exemplary leader, which he possesses. </div><div><br /></div><div>In
addition to this letter the CEO attempts to make things right post layoffs for
the individuals affected, demonstrating justice. Zuckerberg did what he could to
make this time as easy as possible by offering impacted employees 16 weeks of
pay along with two additional weeks for each year of service to Meta. Plus,
health insurance will remain covered for six months (Vanian, 2022). The CEO is
aware of what this decision has done and how it would potentially affect his
former employees, and he attempts to reconcile these wrongs. </div><div><br /></div><div>Although Zuckerberg
demonstrates a majority of the four main virtues, he does not exemplify
temperance. There was a lack of self-control throughout the course of two years
leading to the layoffs. The CEO’s overambitious behavior ultimately led him to
burn bridges with many people—his former employees, shareholders, many Meta
users. The potential that he sees in the future of Meta and the formation of the
“Metaverse” blinded him and motivated him to make decisions that were irrational
and impulsive. Because of this lack of temperance, there are now 11,000
individuals fighting for their livelihood. </div><div><br /></div><h3 style="text-align: left;">JUSTIFICATED ETHICS EVALUATION</h3><div>In
retrospect, it is quite easy to shame Meta and Zuckerberg, CEO of Facebook
parent company, Meta for laying off so many employees. These employees are
people who do work to make a living and are very dependent on their careers in
the company. We look at Meta and how long they’ve been a prominent social
platform, one that almost all of us use or have used at one point and it’s
difficult for us to wrap our brains around the fact that they couldn’t keep the
11,000 people on their payroll. The reality is the state of the economy proving
to carry rising expenses and costs will make this almost impossible for Meta to
sustain while remaining in business. </div><div><br /></div><div>Meta’s active user count has been steadily
decreasing for quite some time now and we are all aware of where Zuckerberg
wants to take the company – to the Metaverse. This requires the company to
invest as much time and finances into the project as they can sustain in order
to execute this vision that Zuckerberg has for his company. When we have a
vision for what is essentially our livelihood, we want to do what we can to help
it come to fruition and this is what Zuckerberg did. In this case, it was
evident that the CEO did not want to burn bridges with the people that
contributed so much to his company’s growth and success.</div><div><br /></div><div>After the layoffs,
there is no denying that his decision has paid off. There were signs of growth
instantaneously as Meta’s stock rose 5.2% by end of day November 9th, the day of
the layoffs and closed at $101.47. While there is a huge deficit the company
still must reconcile, it continues to persist and analysts, while skeptical,
attempts to put their faith in the power and potential that Facebook holds. Not
only was the CEO struggling, but there would be losses for his investors and
other shareholders if he didn’t make this executive choice – Zuckerberg did so
compassionately and with transparency. Therefore, his actions were ethical and
justified. </div><div><br /></div><div><br /></div><h4 style="text-align: left;"><span style="font-size: xx-small;">BIBLIOGRAPHY </span></h4><div><span style="font-size: xx-small;">Chang, Alvin. “The Facebook and Cambridge Analytica
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Abdelkader. “Meta Employees Post about Layoffs after More than 11,000 Jobs Are
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Oct. 2021,
https://www.cnbc.com/2021/10/28/facebook-changes-company-name-to-meta.html#:~:text=The%20new%20name%20reflects%20the,playing%20in%20a%20virtual%20world. </span></div><div><span style="font-size: xx-small;"><br /></span></div><div><span style="font-size: xx-small;">Salazar, Heather. “The Business Ethics Case Manual: The Authoritative
Step-by-Step Guide to Understanding and Improving the Ethics of Any Business.”
2014.</span></div>Vy Vuhttp://www.blogger.com/profile/07679000269188326772noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-3346515991378239658.post-47725415151699594442022-12-01T15:27:00.001-08:002022-12-17T05:50:57.438-08:00Twitter: Elon Musk's Command Off to Rocky Start (Oct. 28th, 2022-Present)<blockquote style="border: none; margin: 0px 0px 0px 40px; padding: 0px;"><blockquote style="border: none; margin: 0px 0px 0px 40px; padding: 0px; text-align: left;"><blockquote style="border: none; margin: 0px 0px 0px 40px; padding: 0px; text-align: left;"><blockquote style="border: none; margin: 0px 0px 0px 40px; padding: 0px; text-align: left;"><blockquote style="border: none; margin: 0px 0px 0px 40px; padding: 0px; text-align: left;"><blockquote style="border: none; margin: 0px 0px 0px 40px; padding: 0px; text-align: left;"><blockquote style="border: none; margin: 0px 0px 0px 40px; padding: 0px; text-align: left;"><blockquote style="border: none; margin: 0px 0px 0px 40px; padding: 0px; text-align: left;"><blockquote style="border: none; margin: 0px 0px 0px 40px; padding: 0px; text-align: left;"><blockquote style="border: none; margin: 0px 0px 0px 40px; padding: 0px; text-align: left;"><span style="font-family: arial;"> <u>Abstract</u></span></blockquote></blockquote></blockquote></blockquote></blockquote></blockquote></blockquote></blockquote></blockquote></blockquote><blockquote style="border: none; margin: 0px 0px 0px 40px; padding: 0px; text-align: left;"></blockquote><blockquote style="border: none; margin: 0px 0px 0px 40px; padding: 0px; text-align: left;"><table cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="tr-caption-container" style="float: left;"><tbody><tr><td style="text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEiLOU82jW0SWezPQ83d_Qvgj8Z4ZnYMWEKxfy7WrRyRzpDexj59yem450RSz-PGDgLF6CPuddE20GPC9LlFNUwGD8nr-xe04BXsM26vgO-4Yn13SgKJcnC2DTqjDDZ8xry9pTOAi979VWLLGuIovGLryI_kA2Pu-k68wfsdy9uCcnqrMazYXu7ksDpG/s1140/Screen%20Shot%202022-12-17%20at%208.23.50%20AM.png" imageanchor="1" style="clear: left; margin-bottom: 1em; margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><img border="0" data-original-height="666" data-original-width="1140" height="229" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEiLOU82jW0SWezPQ83d_Qvgj8Z4ZnYMWEKxfy7WrRyRzpDexj59yem450RSz-PGDgLF6CPuddE20GPC9LlFNUwGD8nr-xe04BXsM26vgO-4Yn13SgKJcnC2DTqjDDZ8xry9pTOAi979VWLLGuIovGLryI_kA2Pu-k68wfsdy9uCcnqrMazYXu7ksDpG/w390-h229/Screen%20Shot%202022-12-17%20at%208.23.50%20AM.png" width="390" /></a></td></tr><tr><td class="tr-caption" style="text-align: center;">Twitter CEO Elon Musk</td></tr></tbody></table><blockquote style="border: none; margin: 0px 0px 0px 40px; padding: 0px; text-align: left;"><blockquote style="border: none; margin: 0px 0px 0px 40px; padding: 0px; text-align: left;"><blockquote style="border: none; margin: 0px 0px 0px 40px; padding: 0px; text-align: left;"><blockquote style="border: none; margin: 0px 0px 0px 40px; padding: 0px; text-align: left;"><blockquote style="border: none; margin: 0px 0px 0px 40px; padding: 0px; text-align: left;"><blockquote style="border: none; margin: 0px 0px 0px 40px; padding: 0px; text-align: left;"><blockquote style="border: none; margin: 0px 0px 0px 40px; padding: 0px; text-align: left;"><blockquote style="border: none; margin: 0px 0px 0px 40px; padding: 0px; text-align: left;"><blockquote style="border: none; margin: 0px 0px 0px 40px; padding: 0px; text-align: left;"><p style="text-align: left;"><span style="font-family: arial;">Twitter, a social media company creat</span><span style="font-family: arial;"><span>ed in San Francisco in 2006, has had five total CEOs in its life up until the middle of autumn this year. In mid-April, Tesla CEO Elon Musk began the acquisition of Twitter. Despite Musk finding some minor wording in the deal displeasing, Musk finalized the acquisition after over half a year. </span></span><span style="font-family: arial;"><span> </span></span></p></blockquote></blockquote></blockquote></blockquote></blockquote></blockquote></blockquote></blockquote></blockquote></blockquote><p> </p><span style="font-family: arial;"><o:p></o:p></span><p></p><span style="font-family: arial;"><span><span> <span> <span> <span> </span></span></span></span></span></span>On October 28<sup>th</sup><span>, Twitter was bought out </span><span style="font-family: arial; text-indent: 0.5in;">by Tesla’s CEO Elon Musk for an enormous $44 billion.</span><span style="font-family: arial; text-indent: 0.5in;"> </span><span style="font-family: arial; text-indent: 0.5in;">Since Musk has taken over, there have been multiple ethical controversies between him and his employees as well as the general public. His massive layoffs and continued radical discussion of free speech have put Twitter in a tough spot. Individualistically, Musk seemed to be the perfect person to take over Twitter due to his great success at Tesla, but so far it hasn’t appeared that way. Musk does not fall into the utilitarianism ethics category as he is not in it to maximize happiness. He is a businessman with strong personal opinions to guide him. Musk also doesn’t follow the ideas of Kantianism as his continued Tweets regarding politics have scared away partners of Twitter. Overall Musk doesn’t have great balance with any of the four main virtues in the virtue theory and thus has seen the backlash against his company because of it. In my own opinion, I believe Musk is a clear individualist and while I may not believe with all his decisions, I don’t think some are as bad as the media makes them out to be. Ultimately, I think he will turn Twitter around. He’s put too much money into the company to not make it work and because of that I am interested to see what happens with the company moving forward.</span><span style="font-family: arial;"><span><br /></span></span><p class="MsoNormal" style="margin: 0in; text-indent: 0.5in;"><span style="font-family: arial;"> </span></p><p class="MsoNormal" style="margin: 0in;"><span style="font-family: arial;"><span style="font-size: medium;"><u>Ethics Case Controversy</u></span><span style="color: #4472c4;"><o:p></o:p></span></span></p><p class="MsoNormal" style="margin: 0in;"><span style="font-family: arial;"><span style="color: #4472c4;"> </span>Twitter and Elon Musk have had many ethical controversies in the short time since he has taken over the company. His first and foremost ethical controversial decision comes on October 28<sup>th</sup> (the first day he took over the company) with the idea to lay off half the company. He discusses doing this urgently because many employees are due for bonuses at the end of the month. Musk insists that these employees must be laid off before November 1<sup>st</sup> and stated that he is used to going to court over similar issues. This decision by Musk was changed after realizing the true cost it would be to go to court rather than paying the bonuses (Conger). But the question arises, was this an ethical thought? It certainly doesn’t agree with utilitarianism, but is it in line with individualism? Was he trying to make this decision to save the company some money and allow it to be reinvested into the company? Ultimately, we don’t know because the decision was changed. However, the decision to still lay off half of all employees at the company after November 1<sup>st</sup> certainly posed ethical questions. <o:p></o:p></span></p><p class="MsoNormal" style="margin: 0in;"><span style="font-family: arial;"> Following this big slash in Twitter’s employment figure, Musk lost multiple executives; some through his own firing and others by choice of departure. Musk then made steep demands of his employees still left, including getting a new premium subscription service called Twitter Blue out to the public within one week. Starting from scratch, the project team spent countless hours in the office to make sure the product launched when their supervisor demanded it. Ultimately Twitter Blue did launch on time, but due to the rushed process, there were flaws in the development of the service and it backfired dramatically and was pulled from app stores within a week (Kolodny). Twitter Blue developers and team members thought once the software was completed and released their long days would halt, at least for some time. Musk demanded the opposite, proposing an ultimatum to all employees left: Work long days at a high pace or leave. This also would be frowned upon from the standpoint of utilitarianism ethics, as it is not bringing happiness to the people Musk has put in this difficult decision. But the question keeps arising: As such a successful businessman, is Musk doing what is necessary to make Twitter the best its ever been and thus supporting other ethical points of view? So far, it doesn’t appear that way. <o:p></o:p></span></p><p class="MsoNormal" style="margin: 0in;"><span style="font-family: arial;"><br /></span></p><p class="MsoNormal" style="margin: 0in; text-align: center;"><span style="font-family: arial;"><img alt="Fired Twitter executives Ned Segal, left, Parag Agrawal, center, and Vijaya Gadde, right, leave the company with $187 million of Elon Musk's money." class="image__dam-img" loading="lazy" src="https://media.cnn.com/api/v1/images/stellar/prod/221028084139-restricted-ned-segal-parag-agrawal-vijaya-gadde-split.jpg?c=16x9&q=h_270,w_480,c_fill" /></span></p><p class="MsoNormal" style="margin: 0in; text-align: center;"><span style="font-family: arial;"><span style="background-color: white; caret-color: rgb(12, 12, 12); color: #0c0c0c; font-size: 12px;">Fired Twitter executives Ned Segal, left, Parag Agrawal, center, and Vijaya Gadde, right</span></span></p><p class="MsoNormal" style="margin: 0in;"><span style="font-family: arial;"><span face="cnnsans, "Helvetica Neue", Helvetica, Arial, Utkal, sans-serif" style="background-color: white; caret-color: rgb(12, 12, 12); color: #0c0c0c; font-size: 12px;"><br /></span></span></p><p class="MsoNormal" style="margin: 0in;"><span style="font-family: arial;"> Musk also continued to make headlines as he uses Twitter to voice his own opinion on various different subjects, including politics. Musk, a once liberal-leaning individual, has shifted in recent years more and more toward a right-wing approach. Since acquiring Twitter, Musk has made several different comments on the platform that have been quite controversial for himself and his newly bought company. His continuous advocation for free speech and extremism of statements have caused partnering companies to not want to be affiliated with Twitter to save their own public image. Furthermore, his actions as Twitter CEO to restore and grant amnesty to banned accounts like Donald Trump’s has caused an uproar from some people, leading them to use other forms of social media in protest (Thorbecke). This is an ethical controversy because Musk is trying to do what he believes is right, but in doing so, he risks the health and well-being of his company and its future. <o:p></o:p></span></p><p class="MsoNormal" style="margin: 0in; text-indent: 0.5in;"><span style="font-family: arial;">His actions have created repercussions for his company such as losing big revenue sources from partnered companies that shared their advertisements on Twitter. Without the partnerships and deals with advertisements, Twitter is at a huge loss of income which can have severe implications for its future. Musk is not ignorant of the fact that the company has not been off to a great start since he arrived, and he understands that they need to turn a profit soon. If they don’t, he reportedly told staff that bankruptcy could be high (Allyn). Bankruptcy could be one of the final stages in this adventure for Musk, but experts believe he won’t give up easily and will try to find a way to turn the company around. <o:p></o:p></span></p><p class="MsoNormal" style="margin: 0in; text-indent: 0.5in;"><span style="font-family: arial;"><br /></span></p><br /><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"><br /></div><p class="MsoNormal" style="margin: 0in; text-indent: 0.5in;"><span style="font-family: arial;"> </span></p><p class="MsoNormal" style="margin: 0in;"></p><table cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="tr-caption-container" style="float: left;"><tbody><tr><td style="text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEjPJBoyVhKP8vVVSa7EwBT8G4-93dKr_msfmMzh3DECdwuTVmbGn7mnB9pJZYQUZzHyr_kD-LIGFK2UXDC7MSLYsDRdTdKXWEKCZPPG6j-4FrWVW776KtcoFgI2JcDmiwsX4pbcQv1ROY-9HYN9MQB4zOG4nz9kAvyUtN032_fXwXTXkORBljZo94pL/s1890/Screen%20Shot%202022-12-01%20at%205.49.52%20PM.png" style="clear: left; margin-bottom: 1em; margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><img border="0" data-original-height="1146" data-original-width="1890" height="366" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEjPJBoyVhKP8vVVSa7EwBT8G4-93dKr_msfmMzh3DECdwuTVmbGn7mnB9pJZYQUZzHyr_kD-LIGFK2UXDC7MSLYsDRdTdKXWEKCZPPG6j-4FrWVW776KtcoFgI2JcDmiwsX4pbcQv1ROY-9HYN9MQB4zOG4nz9kAvyUtN032_fXwXTXkORBljZo94pL/w534-h366/Screen%20Shot%202022-12-01%20at%205.49.52%20PM.png" width="534" /></a></td></tr><tr><td class="tr-caption" style="text-align: center;"><span style="font-size: x-small;">Timeline of events since Elon Musk took over Twitter.</span></td></tr></tbody></table><span style="font-family: arial;"><span style="font-size: medium;"><u>Stakeholders</u></span><span style="color: #4472c4;"><o:p></o:p></span></span><p></p><p class="MsoNormal" style="margin: 0in;"><span style="font-family: arial;"><span style="color: #4472c4;"> </span>With Twitter becoming a privately traded company again, it is difficult to find who still are stakeholders in the company. However, the top five Stakeholders in Twitter prior to going private and who are thought to still be stakeholders include The Vanguard Group Inc., Elon Musk, Morgan Stanley, BlackRock Inc., and State Street Corp. The Vanguard Group, Inc. has the largest stake in Twitter through various mutual funds, exchange-traded funds, and retirement products. As of March 31<sup>st</sup>, they owned 82.4 million Twitter shares. Elon musk, Twitter’s CEO, is the second largest stakeholder, holding 73.5 million shares and 9.2% stake in the company. Morgan Stanley, another investment bank and asset manager holds 67 million shares used in mutual funds like The Vanguard Group. BlackRock Inc. is another investment manager that owns a little over 50 million shares that are used in its exchange-traded funds and other investment vehicles. Lastly, State Street Corp. offers a broad variety of investment management services that may include some of their 36.4 million Twitter shares. All of these groups have big stakes in Twitter and, depending on how the company performs with Musk leading the company, can see big gains or drastic falls in their portfolios (Reiff). <o:p></o:p></span></p><p class="MsoNormal" style="margin: 0in;"><span style="font-family: arial;"> </span></p><p class="MsoNormal" style="margin: 0in;"><span style="font-family: arial;"><span style="font-size: medium;"><u>Individualism</u></span><span style="color: #4472c4;"><o:p></o:p></span></span></p><p class="MsoNormal" style="margin: 0in;"><span style="font-family: arial;"><span style="color: #4472c4;"> </span>The individualist theory states that the goal of a business is to maximize profit for the stakeholders and act in their best interests within the law (Salazar 17). Part of the deal that Elon Musk agreed to when he acquired Twitter was that the company would no longer be a publicly traded company. Rather, it would be private. Because of this, there is no financial information available to the public at this time to see how Twitter is doing financially since Musk has taken over. However, prior to going private, Elon Musk was the second largest stakeholder in the company. Therefore, it would make sense that he acts in an individualist way to maximize his own wealth as well as the wealth of other stakeholders. In the deal to acquire Twitter, Musk made sure that the company would no longer be a publicly traded company, reversing the IPO of Twitter. This action makes it very difficult to tell how the company is doing with regard to its stock price and equity value, but we can infer based on other information that the company is not doing well since Elon Musk has taken over. Immediately cutting half of the employees at the company is a dangerous move. While it may mean Twitter is cutting down on costs, it doesn’t mean it can sustain its revenues. In fact, Twitter has lost many of its main revenue sources (advertisers) due to Musk’s comments regarding Twitter and his political stance (Thorbecke). They have either canceled their deals with Twitter or have them on hold to try and preserve their company’s public image. These actions go against individualism and likely hurt the wealth of the stakeholders dramatically. <o:p></o:p></span></p><p class="MsoNormal" style="margin: 0in;"><span style="font-family: arial;"><br /></span></p><p class="MsoNormal" style="margin: 0in;"></p><table align="center" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="tr-caption-container" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><tbody><tr><td style="text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEjb_2WFB98TtUwMgU_TBp9JoaEmX_MpzsMKsoeq241_WXDH3eOgES7Wnqz0dMVb0nzf9qcUpvMLUtvN8lx90nQd4xCKx07GnKVpyXD2ISwnKsbgG9vMx7IU-1j9dCAq_FWV9I-xhHqbl3NlCFRcir7jDy7XAEwCi8sh-C5AqV1-yzyg34z5f-k5SEFl/s984/Screen%20Shot%202022-12-01%20at%202.08.00%20PM.png" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><img border="0" data-original-height="140" data-original-width="984" height="66" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEjb_2WFB98TtUwMgU_TBp9JoaEmX_MpzsMKsoeq241_WXDH3eOgES7Wnqz0dMVb0nzf9qcUpvMLUtvN8lx90nQd4xCKx07GnKVpyXD2ISwnKsbgG9vMx7IU-1j9dCAq_FWV9I-xhHqbl3NlCFRcir7jDy7XAEwCi8sh-C5AqV1-yzyg34z5f-k5SEFl/w524-h66/Screen%20Shot%202022-12-01%20at%202.08.00%20PM.png" width="524" /></a></td></tr><tr><td class="tr-caption" style="text-align: center;"><span style="font-size: x-small;">Chevrolet, Jeep, Chipotle Mexican Grill, and Ford were the first major companies to halt their advertisements on Twitter.</span></td></tr></tbody></table><p></p><p class="MsoNormal" style="margin: 0in;"><span style="font-family: arial;"><span style="font-size: x-small;"> </span><o:p></o:p></span></p><p class="MsoNormal" style="margin: 0in;"><span style="font-family: arial;"><span style="font-size: x-small;"><br /></span></span></p><p class="MsoNormal" style="margin: 0in;"><span style="font-family: arial;"><span style="font-size: medium;"><u>Utilitarianism</u></span><span style="color: #4472c4;"> <o:p></o:p></span></span></p><p class="MsoNormal" style="margin: 0in;"><span style="font-family: arial;"><span style="color: #4472c4;"> </span>The utilitarianism theory states that an action is deemed ethical if it promotes happiness to the maximum number of people possible and yourself as well as minimize suffering. Pleasure and happiness should be brought to all beings that can feel it and it should be done impartially (Salazar 19-20). It has been clear with the actions of Elon Musk that he has not acted in line with the utilitarianism theory. Within 24 hours of acquiring Twitter, Musk discussed the layoff of nearly half the company. Specifically, Musk wanted to do this prior to November 1<sup>st</sup> so he wouldn’t have to pay bonuses set to be paid on that date. When told this would cause an uproar and employee lawsuits, Musk said he was used to going to court and paying penalties (Conger). This action and statement are almost the antitheses of utilitarianism. Layoffs of that size are unnecessary within the first 24 hours of running a company. Furthermore, trying to do it specifically before a certain date so people don’t get the bonus, they worked for isn’t promoting happiness to the maximum number of people possible. If anything, it’s only promoting happiness to himself, and therefore is not ethical by Mill’s standards. <o:p></o:p></span></p><p class="MsoNormal" style="margin: 0in; text-indent: 0.5in;"><span style="font-family: arial;">Another example of how Musk hasn’t followed utilitarianism is by giving employees an ultimatum: work 12-hour days at a high pace or leave (Conger). This doesn’t bring happiness to the employees at Twitter because for most people that’s a difficult decision. Many can’t afford to work 12-hour days or don’t want to consistently at a high pace. Working these hours means sacrificing nearly everything in life besides work, and many don’t want that. However, some also can’t afford to be jobless. Some have to support a family and if they don’t have a job, they cannot put food on the table for their children. This, therefore, shows that Musk is once again not being ethical by the standards set in utilitarianism. <o:p></o:p></span></p><p class="MsoNormal" style="margin: 0in; text-indent: 0.5in;"><span style="font-family: arial;"> </span></p><p class="MsoNormal" style="margin: 0in;"><span style="font-family: arial;"><span style="font-size: medium;"><u>Kantianism</u></span><span style="color: #4472c4;"><o:p></o:p></span></span></p><p class="MsoNormal" style="margin: 0in;"><span style="font-family: arial;"> Kantianism focuses on four main points, all of which revolve around rationality, respect, and motivation to do the right thing. This ethical theory also talks about how it is wrong to manipulate and exploit people for your own advantage (Salazar 21-22). Musk hasn’t thought that way since his buyout of Twitter. His actions to cut half of the employees at Twitter does not, at least from an external point of view, seem to be rational and make sense as the right thing to do. That doesn’t mean that a layoff of some kind wasn’t necessary, but half of the employees was irrational and disrespectful to both the people getting laid off and also the employees who are still with Twitter because they have to pick up the work that their former coworkers were doing. <o:p></o:p></span></p><p class="MsoNormal" style="margin: 0in;"><span style="font-family: arial;"> Furthermore, there are reports of Musk using Twitter as his somewhat own personal platform to push his own agenda. He has recently been talking a lot about free speech on Twitter but in a radically right-wing way. In one tweet as recently as Monday night, Musk stated,” This is a battle for the future of civilization. If free speech is lost even in America, tyranny is all that lies ahead,” as well as “The Twitter Files on free speech suppression soon to be published on Twitter itself. The public deserves to know what really happened …” (Musk). Everyone is allowed to voice their own political opinion, but Musk doing so in such a public manner is irrational. It has cost him many sources of revenue for Twitter and is not the right way to try and handle the situation. He may believe he is motivated to do the right thing for the people of the United States, but he is not just an individual on the platform. He is the leader of the company, and he needs to be motivated to do what’s right for the company. <o:p></o:p></span></p><p class="MsoNormal" style="margin: 0in; text-indent: 0.5in;"><span style="font-family: arial;">Musk has further sent the country into a frenzy by reactivating the accounts of several individuals that were banned from the app, including Donald Trump. Trump was banned from the app nearly two years ago after inciting the attack on the Capitol on January 6<sup>th</sup>, 2021 through Twitter. With Trump as well as others granted access to the app again, Musk and Twitter are facing heavy pressure and the repercussions, including more advertisers leaving Twitter and others protesting the use of the app. <o:p></o:p></span></p><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEh5HGQBDoIymaTDpEIOlwX31mXvVLKMoMyX99pjWV5fSryxknPzlLUKNNeYu5shGqqTUCz8pSP4kClVogpHENY47UOe-E-a1Dnf5GU0qXKB3Mvaho_BXLnjv7oiUDhZM07_sU6grSR2Hiv-cRC9DJiIxMmyNM8PeBal-_paAp0hvKDnAPhm3owGq_JE/s1232/Screen%20Shot%202022-12-01%20at%203.09.21%20PM.png" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img border="0" data-original-height="580" data-original-width="1232" height="184" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEh5HGQBDoIymaTDpEIOlwX31mXvVLKMoMyX99pjWV5fSryxknPzlLUKNNeYu5shGqqTUCz8pSP4kClVogpHENY47UOe-E-a1Dnf5GU0qXKB3Mvaho_BXLnjv7oiUDhZM07_sU6grSR2Hiv-cRC9DJiIxMmyNM8PeBal-_paAp0hvKDnAPhm3owGq_JE/w389-h184/Screen%20Shot%202022-12-01%20at%203.09.21%20PM.png" width="389" /></a></div><p class="MsoNormal" style="margin: 0in; text-align: center;"><br /></p><p class="MsoNormal" style="margin: 0in; text-align: center;"><span style="font-family: arial; font-size: small;">Photos from the January 6th riots at the Capitol (left) and the 45th president of the United States Donald Trump (right).</span></p><p class="MsoNormal" style="margin: 0in; text-align: left;"><br /></p><p class="MsoNormal" style="margin: 0in; text-align: left;"><span style="font-family: arial;"><span> <span> <span> </span></span></span>Kant also states that the formula of humanity is to act in such a way that you treat humanity, whether in your own person or in the person of another, always at the same time as an end and never simply as a means. Elon Musk also doesn't appear to follow this formula as he does look more at a company and its employees as entities rather than human beings, especially with massive layoffs early on as well as aggressive deadlines. He looks to push employees to the limit to get the most out of them like they're machines. Some argue that to be an effective CEO you can't let emotion sway you, but there is a balance that can be had between both. </span></p><p class="MsoNormal" style="margin: 0in; text-align: left;"><span><br /></span></p><p class="MsoNormal" style="margin: 0in;"><span style="font-family: arial;"><span style="font-size: medium;"><u>Virtue Theory</u></span><span style="color: #4472c4;"><o:p></o:p></span></span></p><p class="MsoNormal" style="margin: 0in;"><span style="font-family: arial;"><span style="color: #4472c4;"> </span>There are four main virtues developed by Aristotle in the virtue theory. They include courage, honesty, temperance, and justice (Salazar 23). In this ethical dilemma, Elon Musk seems to be acting with a lot of courage. He isn’t afraid of what others think of his decisions, but this courage seen early on now looks to be rashness, as the company talked about trying to hire back employees they laid off (Conger). <o:p></o:p></span></p><p class="MsoNormal" style="margin: 0in; text-indent: 0.5in;"><span style="font-family: arial;">In Elon Musk’s short time with Twitter, he has had times where he has been somewhat secretive and dishonest. When first hired he had a meeting in the war room with human resources executives to discuss immediate layoffs. When he finally went through with it, all his did was send an email and lock access to their company emails and message board (Thorbecke). Furthermore, Musk taking the company private makes it difficult to see how they’re doing and further keeps people in the dark about the status of the company. However, he has been quite open about his plans to give free speech on Twitter as well as publicly voicing his political opinion. <o:p></o:p></span></p><p class="MsoNormal" style="margin: 0in; text-indent: 0.5in;"><span style="font-family: arial;">Being a businessman, Musk will push his employees to get the most out of them. Because of this, he does not have great temperance with his employees. Asking for Twitter Blue to be up and running within a week was a tall task to ask of his employees. Furthermore, asking all employees to begin to work 12-hour days is slightly unreasonable (Conger). However, his desires for the company are for it to be great and that is why he’s putting into place these requests. <o:p></o:p></span></p><p class="MsoNormal" style="margin: 0in; text-indent: 0.5in;"><span style="font-family: arial;">Musk isn’t one who cares much for justice. When discussing the layoff of half the employees at Twitter, he wanted to do so prior to their bonus date. He added that he didn’t mind going to court over it rather than paying the bonuses. However, Musk is a hard-working man who tends to ask the employees the same as he asks of himself. Musk also has produced quality products with Tesla and has great ideas for the future. <o:p></o:p></span></p><p class="MsoNormal" style="margin: 0in; text-indent: 0.5in;"><span style="font-family: arial;"> <o:p></o:p></span></p><p class="MsoNormal" style="margin: 0in; text-indent: 0.5in;"><span style="font-family: arial;"> </span></p><p class="MsoNormal" style="margin: 0in;"><span style="font-family: arial;"><span style="font-size: medium;"><u>Justificatied Ethics Evaluation</u></span><span style="color: #4472c4;"><o:p></o:p></span></span></p><p class="MsoNormal" style="margin: 0in;"><span style="font-family: arial;"><span style="color: #4472c4;"> </span>Overall, I think what Elon Musk has done so far with Twitter is unethical. I understand the need to cut expenses to help increase profits. It’s a common practice in the business world and expenses for Twitter primarily come from paying employees. Layoffs happen to some companies, but I don’t think it was necessary to cut half the staff. I think laying off 25% of the staff to start would’ve been better and then reassessing more layoffs if necessary. Furthermore, trying to do it prior to their bonus date and initially not caring about going to court over it is very unethical in my opinion. Those people worked hard for their money and deserve it. <o:p></o:p></span></p><p class="MsoNormal" style="margin: 0in;"><span style="font-family: arial;"> On top of that, Musk has asked the remaining employees to work long hours. This is definitely something worth debating the ethicality of, but I don’t see too much wrong with it so long as it’s not a long-term change. Many people work multiple jobs and have other tasks to complete daily, and I feel that it’s more common today for people to work more than a typical 9-5. Musk also does give an alternative to those who don’t want to work under those circumstances. He offers all who decide to leave a three-month severance package. Leaving is difficult, but I feel like someone who once worked for Twitter can find employment elsewhere relatively quickly, so I don’t see this ultimatum as unethical. <o:p></o:p></span></p><p class="MsoNormal" style="margin: 0in;"><span style="font-family: arial;"> Lastly, when talking about how Musk has handled voicing his own political opinion and its impact on Twitter, I don’t think it was unethical, but I do think there was a better, more professional way to go about it. Using media outlets to voice your opinion is okay, and using a social media platform you just acquired makes sense, especially since it has drawn attention and buzz to the app. But his actions and statements have caused many to not want to be associated with Twitter because he is now the owner. This has caused a huge loss of profits for the company, and this is the main issue because it’s a trickle-down effect. Loss of revenues may mean more people out of jobs and if that’s the case then Elon Musk is at fault for that. If he wanted to voice his opinion, he should’ve done so through a more professional outlet and voiced his opinion in a more professional way. <o:p></o:p></span></p><p class="MsoNormal" style="margin: 0in;"><span style="font-family: arial;"><span style="font-size: medium;"><u>Conclusion</u></span><span style="color: #4472c4;"><o:p></o:p></span></span></p><p class="MsoNormal" style="margin: 0in;"><span style="font-family: arial;"> Ethical controversies in the business world have been happening forever and will continue to happen for the rest of time. There will always be situations difficult to navigate these situations and it is up to us to educate ourselves to the best of our ability to make proper decisions. It is interesting to see how many ethical controversies have arisen already for Twitter and Elon Musk in such a short period of time. From layoffs to new products, politics to bankruptcies, Musk and Twitter have dug themselves a hole financially that they must do work to get out of. However, despite all the news and decisions made, broadly speaking Elon Musk is an individualist. He wouldn’t sink $44 billion dollars into a company just to see it die. He will continue to try and make Twitter better than it’s ever been. How he does so may not be perfect in the eyes of all ethical philosophers, but ultimately, he seems to be business oriented and looking to turn a profit for himself and the people around him. <o:p></o:p></span></p><p class="MsoNormal" style="margin: 0in; text-indent: 0.5in;"><span style="font-family: arial;"> </span></p><p class="MsoNormal" style="margin: 0in; text-indent: 0.5in;"><span style="font-family: arial;"> </span></p><p class="MsoNormal" style="margin: 0in; text-indent: 0.5in;"><span style="font-family: arial;"> </span></p><p class="MsoNormal" style="margin: 0in; text-indent: 0.5in;"><span style="font-family: arial;"> </span></p><p class="MsoNormal" style="margin: 0in; text-indent: 0.5in;"><span style="font-family: arial;"> </span></p><p class="MsoNormal" style="margin: 0in; text-indent: 0.5in;"><span style="font-family: arial;"> </span></p><p align="center" class="MsoNormal" style="margin: 0in; text-align: center;"><span style="font-family: arial;"><span style="font-size: medium;"><u>References</u></span><span style="color: #4472c4;"><o:p></o:p></span></span></p><p style="margin-left: 28.35pt; margin-right: 0in; text-indent: -28.35pt;"><span style="font-family: arial; font-size: x-small;">Allyn, B. (2022, November 12).<span class="apple-converted-space"> </span><i>Elon Musk says Twitter bankruptcy is possible, but is that likely?</i><span class="apple-converted-space"> </span>NPR. Retrieved November 29, 2022, from https://www.npr.org/2022/11/12/1136205315/musk-twitter-bankruptcy-how-likely<span class="apple-converted-space"> <o:p></o:p></span></span></p><p style="margin-left: 28.35pt; margin-right: 0in; text-indent: -28.35pt;"><span style="font-family: arial; font-size: x-small;">Conger, K., Isaac, M., Mac, R., & Hsu, T. (2022, November 11).<span class="apple-converted-space"> </span><i>Two weeks of chaos: Inside elon musk's takeover of Twitter</i>. The New York Times. Retrieved November 29, 2022, from https://www.nytimes.com/2022/11/11/technology/elon-musk-twitter-takeover.html<span class="apple-converted-space"> <o:p></o:p></span></span></p><p style="margin-left: 28.35pt; margin-right: 0in; text-indent: -28.35pt;"><span style="font-family: arial; font-size: x-small;">Kolondy,Lora. S. P. (2022, November 11).<span class="apple-converted-space"> </span><i>Twitter pauses paid verifications after users abuse service to impersonate brands and people</i>. CNBC. Retrieved November 29, 2022, from https://www.cnbc.com/2022/11/11/twitter-blue-subscription-disappears-from-app.html<span class="apple-converted-space"> </span><o:p></o:p></span></p><p style="margin-left: 28.35pt; margin-right: 0in; text-indent: -28.35pt;"><span style="font-family: arial; font-size: x-small;">Musk, Elon. “This Is a Battle for the Future of Civilization. If Free Speech Is Lost Even in America, Tyranny Is All That Lies Ahead.”<span class="apple-converted-space"> </span><i>Twitter</i>, Twitter, 29 Nov. 2022, https://twitter.com/elonmusk/status/1597404771618430976?cxt=HHwWgICl7aTLj6ssAAAA.<span class="apple-converted-space"> </span><o:p></o:p></span></p><p style="margin-left: 28.35pt; margin-right: 0in; text-indent: -28.35pt;"><span style="font-family: arial; font-size: x-small;">Musk, Elon. “The Twitter Files on Free Speech Suppression Soon to Be Published on Twitter Itself. the Public Deserves to Know What Really Happened ...”<span class="apple-converted-space"> </span><i>Twitter</i>, Twitter, 28 Nov. 2022, https://twitter.com/elonmusk/status/1597336812732575744?cxt=HHwWgMCj2cfX8KosAAAA.<span class="apple-converted-space"> <o:p></o:p></span></span></p><p style="margin-left: 28.35pt; margin-right: 0in; text-indent: -28.35pt;"><span style="font-family: arial; font-size: x-small;">Reiff, N. (2022, November 22).<span class="apple-converted-space"> </span><i>Top 5 twitter shareholders</i>. Investopedia. Retrieved November 29, 2022, from https://www.investopedia.com/articles/insights/060916/top-3-twitter-shareholders-twtr.asp<span class="apple-converted-space"> <o:p></o:p></span></span></p><p style="margin-left: 28.35pt; margin-right: 0in; text-indent: -28.35pt;"><span style="font-family: arial; font-size: x-small;">Salazar, Heather. The Business Ethics Case Manual. n.d.<o:p></o:p></span></p><p style="margin-left: 28.35pt; margin-right: 0in; text-indent: -28.35pt;"><span style="font-size: x-small;"><span style="font-family: arial;">Thorbecke, C. (2022, November 27).<span class="apple-converted-space"> </span><i>Layoffs, ultimatums, and an ongoing saga over Blue Check Marks: Elon Musk's first month at Twitter | CNN business</i>. CNN. Retrieved November 30, 2022, from https://www.cnn.com/2022/11/27/tech/elon-musk-one-month-twitter/index.html<span class="apple-converted-space"> </span></span><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, serif;"><o:p></o:p></span></span></p><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"><br /></div><br />Jason Shumillahttp://www.blogger.com/profile/07952947047437373767noreply@blogger.com0